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总有一天会拯救「日本」的命运那个三人灵魂的成长故事
年轻消防官热血灵魂的成长故事，启动！
十朱大吾燃烧着卓越的才能和唯的觉悟、与自己的墙壁碰撞而富的斧田骏、以及少数女性的特别救助队员为目标的中村雪
以特别救助队（Orange）为目标救国的故事开始了。
他们面对的对手——国难「日本」的危机！
这个美术部有问题！
红伤骑士X
魔法少女伊莉雅OVA
赛文奥特曼
妄想学生会 剧场版
七大罪：天空的囚人
虚构推理
进击的巨人外传：无悔
东之伊甸剧场版2：失
尸者帝国
[3D同人]Delu
621Yıllar önce babasını bıçaklayarak sakat bırakan kişinin Memet olduğunu öğrenen Leyla, Memet’in evinin camını kırar. Aşağıya inen Memet’le tartışan Leyla onu intikam peşinde olmakla suçlar ve şehri terk etmesini ister.
Yıllar önce babasını bıçaklayarak sakat bırakan kişinin Memet olduğunu öğrenen Leyla, Memet'in evinin camını kırar. Aşağıya inen Memet'le tartışan Leyla onu intikam peşinde olmakla suçlar ve şehri terk etmesini ister.
Şehirde kalmaya kararlı olan Memet ise kendisine bir fabrika satın alır. Bu arada savcılığa müracaat ederek yeni deliller ışığında babasının davasının yeniden araştırılması için dilekçe verir. Memet'in fabrika satın aldığını öğrenen Tahsin belediye görevlilerini tahkikat için fabrikaya gönderir.
Yavaş yavaş çiftlikteki gücünü artırmaya başlayan Asuman, Tahsin'den mallarını oğlu Ahmet ve Recep arasında paylaştırmasını ister. Leyla, esnaf tarafından yapılan tüm bağışların aslında Memet tarafından kumarda kazanılan parayla yapıldığını öğrenir ve gerçeği Zeliha'ya söyler. Zeliha'dan artık Memet'le görüşmemesini ister. Görüşmeye devam etmesi durumunda Memet'le kendisi arasında bir seçim yapmasını ister.
Bu arada okçuluk müsabakasının yapılacağı gün gelmiştir. Yarışmaya katılan Nusret ve Leyla'nın yanı sıra Memet, Belediye Reisi Tahsin, Asuman, Recep, Ahmet ve Zeliha ile öğrencileri de müsabakayı izlemeye gelmiştir.Auguri di buon compleanno
Pensavi davvero che avessi scordato un giorno così speciale come il tuo compleanno? Ti mando con tutto il cuore questo messaggio e ti assicuro la mia eterna amicizia!
Oggi è il giorno della festa; spero che tu trascorra un giorno meraviglioso colmo di amore e sorprese. Possa il tuo compleanno lasciarti dei ricordi bellissimi fino al prossimo compleanno, e mentre aspetti il prossimo che lo spazio tra i due si riempia di tutto ciò che desideri.
Oggi è il giorno del tuo compleanno! Sai cosa significa? E' tempo di indossare il cappello, Soffiare le candeline e tagliare la torta, ma non dimenticare a pensare di realizzare tutte le cose che desideri. Buon compleanno!
A qualcuno che porta un tocco di dolcezza nelle vite in cui entra, portandoci la gioia: possano l'amore e la felicità che tu condividi con gli altri ritornarti indietro accresciuta.
Auguri di compleanno a un bambino molto speciale. Buon compleanno, cuore coraggioso.
Mentre festeggio il tuo compleanno, esausta dopo aver inseguito i tuoi piedini nell'ultimo anno, penso a come non cambierei nulla. Il mio bambino è il mio mondo.
buon compleanno
Vorrei augurarti 'possano i tuoi sogni avverarsi', ma temo che, se si avverassero, non avrei nient'altro da augurarti il prossimo anno.
Voglio solo celebrare un altro giorno di vita.
Rare Earth
E alla fine, non sono gli anni della tua vita che contano. È la vita nei tuoi anni.
Abraham Lincoln
Se guardi indietro a tutti gli anni che hai vissuto, la prima cosa che noterai è che hai bisogno di un telescopio.
La vita inizia davvero a quarant'anni. Fino ad allora, stai solo facendo ricerche.
Carl Gustav Jung
frasi compleannoSe qualcuno osa choamarti anziano, vendicati con il tuo bastone e colpiscilo con la dentiera!
Congratulazioni! Ora sei abbastanza grande per aver bisogno di DUE pacchetti di candele per la tua torta.
Non preoccuparti della tua età... l'alcol renderà tutto migliore!
Sei la persona meno famosa che conosco e che è nata il giorno del tuo compleanno.
Sembri diverso. Sei dimagrito? Hai cambiato taglio di capelli? Sei andato dal barbiere? C'è qualcosa di diverso in te...ah, ho capito. Sei un anno più vecchio!
frasi di buon compleannoPossa tu sempre avere abbastanza felicità nella tua vita da mantenerti così dolce, abbastanza prove ed errori per tenerti così forte, abbastanza fede per darti coraggio ed abbastanza determinazione per rendere ogni giorno un giorno da ricordare.
Ogni volta che ti vedo, sento come se fosse la prima volta che ho posato i miei occhi su di te. Sei ancora così bella, se non anche di più, di quello stesso giorno. E soprattuto in questo giorno speciale, sei così radiosa che la luce che emani potrebbe accecarmi. Buon compleanno amore.
Non vedo l'ora di trascorrere ogni compleanno insieme a te perchè sei come un cesto pieno di gioia. Ogni singolo giorno, mi stupisci con la tua capacità di far splendere il sole attraverso le nuvole. Meriti un grande festeggiamento, ed io lo sto facendo succedere.
Spero che il giorno del tuo compleanno ti porti tanta felicità, amore e divertimento. Te lo meriti molto. Sii felice!
auguri di compleannoI cugini sanno sempre quando tenerti stretto e, soprattutto, quando sfidarti. Grazie per avermi aiutato a crescere come persona anche quando non volevo. Buon compleanno cugino!
Per molte persone, la parola amico è solo una sequenza di lettere. Per me, è la fonte della felicità e della forza, grazie a te. Buon compleanno amico!
Tutto può essere diviso, ma il nostro amore non può essere separato. Buon compleanno amore mio!
In un giardino pieno di fiori, ti distingui come la creazione più bella e più seducente. Con te, mi sento come se fossi sempre in paradiso. Buon compleanno tesoro mio.
Alla mamma più speciale del mondo, sei la luce nei miei giorni più bui. Grazie per essere sempre qui per me.
Auguro al fratello più figo il compleanno più figo di sempre!
dediche di compleannoLe tue braccia calde e confortanti sono l'unico posto al mondo intero dove voglio trascorrere tutti i giorni della mia vita. Buon compleanno, tesoro.
Sei una persona preziosa per la mia vita che riempie la mia anima di una gioia straordinaria. Buon compleanno amore mio!
Sei una persona preziosa per la mia vita che riempie la mia anima di una gioia straordinaria. Buon compleanno amore mio!
Un albero può dare inizio ad una foresta, un sorriso può dare inizio ad una amicizia, un tocco può mostrarci amore ed affetto, e rendere la vita degna di essere vissuta. Buon compleanno amore mio.
A vent'anni regna la volontà; a trenta, l'arguzia; e a quarant'anni il giudizio.
Benjamin Franklin
frasi di auguri di buon compleannoResta fedele al sogno della tua giovinezza.
Friedrich von Schiller
Non smettere mai di sognare. Non esiste un limite segreto a ciò che puoi ottenere nella vita. Continua a guardare avanti e a credere che ci sono ancora nuove avventure che ti aspettano dietro l'angolo.
Alcune persone sembrano vecchio e si sentono giovani. Altre sembrano giovani e si sentono vecchie. Quelli come noi, invece sembrano giovani e si sentono giovani. Suona bene per la festa del tuo compleanno, non è vero?
Spero che stia vivendo il compleanno perfetto, e che otterrai ciò che stai desiderando, il tuo desiderio perfetto. Non dimenticare che hai solo una possibilità all'anno!
Ci dicono che dobbiamo imparare a crescere nella grazia. Tu sei già pieno di grazie in ogni cosa che dici e fai, quindi hai già imparato l'arte di vivere.
Un augurio per te per il tuo compleanno, che tu possa ricevere qualsiasi cosa chiedi, che tu possa trovare qualsiasi cosa cerchi, qualunque tuo desiderio sia realizzato nel giorno del tuo compleanno e sempre. Felice compleanno!
tanti auguri di buon compleannoCi vuole molto tempo per crescere giovani.
Pablo Picasso
Il mondo è un po' più luminoso solo grazie a te. Tanti auguri per un felice compleanno!
Mi auguro che la tua giornata sia luminosa come le stelle nel cielo. Tanti auguri per un meraviglioso e felice compleanno.
Guarda sempre al futuro con positività e speranza, ma conserva anche i ricordi piacevoli dei tempi belli. Buon anno a venire!
Possano tutte le cose migliori del mondo accadere nella tua vita perché sei sicuramente una delle persone migliori. Tanti auguri!
La tua età non sei tu. Usa oggi per sentirti al meglio, festeggiare ed essere il più felice.
M. Fiumi
frasi per compleannoL'età è qualunque cosa tu pensi che sia. Sei vecchio come credi di essere.
Muhammad Alì
Ho intenzione di vivere per sempre — finora, tutto bene!
Stephen Wright
Tutto il mondo è torta di compleanno, quindi prendine un pezzo, ma non troppo.
George Harrison
L'età è una questione di mente più che di materia. Se non ti dispiace, non importa. –
Mark Twain
E alla fine, non sono gli anni della tua vita che contano. È la vita nei tuoi anni.
Abraham Lincoln
I compleanni ti fanno bene. Le statistiche mostrano che le persone che ne hanno di più vivono più a lungo.
Larry Lorenzoni
Tutto quello che so l'ho imparato dopo i trent'anni.
Georges Clemenceau
Dalla nascita ai diciotto anni, una ragazza ha bisogno di buoni genitori. Dai diciotto ai trentacinque anni, ha bisogno di un bell'aspetto. Dai trentacinque ai cinquantacinque, ha bisogno di una buona personalità. Dai cinquantacinque in poi, ha bisogno di buoni soldi.
Sophie Tucker
auguri di buon compleanno specialiUn'altro anno pieno di avventure ti aspetta. Dagli il benvenuto festeggiando con sfarzo e splendore. Ti auguro un anno pieno di divertimenti.
Possa la gioia che hai seminato nel passato tornarti indietro in questo giorno. Ti auguro un buon compleanno molto felice e speciale!
Buon compleanno! La tua vita sta quasi per raggiungere la massima velocità e decollare nello spazio. Indossa la cintura di sicurezza e goditi il viaggio.
Questo compleanno, ti auguro abbondante felicità e amore. Possano tutti i tuoi sogni trasformarsi in realtà e possa madama fortuna visitarti oggi a casa tua. Auguri ad una delle persone più dolci che abbia mai conosciuto.
Che tu possa ricevere le più grandi gioie della vita e benedizioni eterne. Dopo tutto, te stesso sei un regalo alla terra, quindi meriti il meglio. Auguri!
Non contare le candeline, guarda le luci che esse emanano. Non contare gli anni, ma la vita che vivi. Ti auguro un felice compleanno ed un meraviglioso tempo che verrà.
Dimentica il passato; guarda al futuro, perchè il meglio deve ancora venire.
buon compleanno frasi belleUn compleanno è una nuova partenza, un dolce inizio ed un tempo in cui rinnovare i propri sforzi e i propri obiettivi. Vai avanti con sicurezza e coraggio. Sei una persona davvero speciale.
Buon compleanno! Possa la tua bacheca Facebook essere riempita di messaggi da persone con cui non parlerai mai :-)
Pensavo di regalarti il dono più prezioso del mondo. Poi ho realizzato che non è possibile, perchè la cosa più preziosa al mondo sei tu.
Possa questo compleanno essere solo l'inizio di un anno pieno di ricordi felici e momenti meravigliosi.
Non sei davvero cresciuto fino a quando non hai capito che tua madre aveva sempre ragione.
Ti auguro tutto il meglio, solo un po 'in ritardo.
Vorrei poter scrivere il tuo nome sul cielo per far sapere al mondo quanto sei speciale per me. Qui ti auguro un felice compleanno!
tantissimi auguri di buon compleannoScusa, ho dimenticato il giorno più importante dell'anno ... tantissimi auguri per il tuo compleanno!
Sorella, siamo una coppia fantastica perché abbiamo sempre un aspetto magnifico nelle nostre foto! Buon compleanno.
Potrei aver dimenticato il tuo compleanno, ma non mi sono dimenticato di te! Tantissimi auguri!
Yippee! Un altro compleanno per te! Mi sto avvicinando a godere dei benefici del tuo piano assicurativo!
Non c'è alcun problema a invecchiare se hai risolto il tuo piano di vita in anticipo. Buon compleanno!
Ogni anno, ti auguro di essere più saggio, solo per essere deluso in seguito! Tantissimi auguri a te!
Sembra che non abbiamo abbastanza spazio sulla torta per mettere il giusto numero di candeline! Tantissimi auguri per il tuo compleanno!
Buon compleanno! Concentrati di più sui ricordi meravigliosi e meno sui tuoi capelli grigi!
auguri di buon compleanno originaliLa tua altezza ha sicuramente ricevuto una spinta, ma la tua saggezza no! Tantissimi auguri di buon compleanno!
L'età non ha importanza, puoi festeggiare quanto vuoi.Auguri amica mia!
Quanti anni avresti se non sapessi quanti anni hai?
Borsa Paige
Un altro anno di te è una ragione sufficiente per tutti noi di festeggiare con la torta!
Mantenere il cuore senza rughe, essere fiduciosi, gentili, allegri, riverenti... cioè trionfare sulla vecchiaia.
Thomas Bailey Aldrich
Oggi dovrebbe essere una festa nazionale perché è il giorno in cui è nato il mio migliore amico!
frasi profonde per compleannoUn augurio di compleanno dal mio cuore al tuo Sono così fortunato ad averti nella mia vita Ti auguro tutto il meglio. auguri di compleanno oggi, mia cara.
Sei davvero una persona così speciale e unica, una persona straordinaria. Sono così fortunato ad averti nella mia vita. Buon compleanno.
Ti meriti il mondo, mia cara.
Buon compleanno a un'anima molto speciale
Buon compleanno a un essere umano molto speciale.
Ogni anno in cui arriva il tuo compleanno è un'opportunità in più per festeggiare la persona meravigliosamente speciale che sei.
Sei sempre tutto per me
e molto più delle sole parole
può dire, se sei qui vicino a
me o anche da lontano, molto lontano.
Buon compleanno.
Sei il centro del mio universo. È difficile credere all'incredibile impatto che solo una persona può avere nella tua vita, ma l'effetto che hai avuto sul mio è enorme. Tu sei il centro del mio universo e io non riesco a immaginare un mondo in cui tu non sei una parte di esso.
tantissimi auguriSpero che il tuo compleanno sia proprio come te ... semplicemente fantastico. Tantissimi auguri!
Ti invio sorrisi per ogni momento del tuo giorno speciale. Buon divertimento e buon compleanno!
Buon compleanno! Spero che tu abbia una giornata memorabile. (te lo meriti davvero)
Invecchiando? Questo significa solo che stai diventando più distinto!
Buon compleanno! Sei proprio come un buon vino... migliori lentamente con l'età.
Il tuo compleanno è la scusa perfetta per bere in un giorno feriale. Buon compleanno!
Ehi fratello, hai un anno in più e non sei maturato molto, ma è per questo che ti voglio bene! Tantissimi auguri!
Un altro anno per dimostrare che più vecchio non significa davvero più saggio. Buon compleanno!
Attraverso alti e bassi, pioggia e sole, sei sempre al mio fianco. Spero che il tuo compleanno sia perfetto come te.Paralelyüz Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Matematik-Geometri Terimi Olarak Paralelyüz:
Tüm yüzleri paralelkenar olan prizma.
Benzer Matematik-Geometri Terimleri:
Zıt Işınlar: 1- Aynı doğrultu üzerinde başlangıç noktaları ortak, yönleri ters olan iki ışın. 2- Başlangıç noktaları aynı (ortak), bileşimleri bir doğru oluştu
Doğru Orantı: 1- Orantılı iki ifadeden biri artarken diğeri de artıyor, bir azalırken diğeri de azalıyorsa bu iki ifade doğru orantılıdır. 2- Biri artarken diğer
Geometrik Çözüm: Bir problemin geometrik yöntemlerle çözümü.
Düzgün Kaplama: 1- Bir düzlemsel bölgenin boşluk kalmayacak ve figürler üst üste gelmeyecek biçimde yansıma, dönme, öteleme ve ötelemeli yansıma dönüşümleri yardımıyl
İç Ters Açı: Herhangi iki doğruyu üçüncü bir doğru kestiğinde, bu doğruların arasında ve kesenin her iki tarafında komşu olmayan açılar.
Negatif Yön: Herhangi bir açının bir kenarından diğer kenarına saat yönünün ters yönünde gidildiğinde oluşan açının yönü.
Ratio: İngilizce de oran
X Ekseni: Kartezyen koordinat sistemindeki yatay eksen.We are back from a week long vacation in Lake Tahoe and boy was it fun! The lake was very full and very blue, lined with a forest of pine trees and sandy beaches it was the ultimate Summer getaway! Our trip inspired this week’s watercolor tutorial, pine trees at the lake.
In this watercolor tutorial you’ll learn four different pine tree techniques and a very easy four-step process to paint a lake view of pine trees like the one above! This project is great for kids and beginner painters as well. You don’t need anything special just watercolors, water, paper and a small brush. If you would like to see my watercolor basic supplies recommendations check them out here.
So to begin, let’s practice some different watercolor pine tree techniques:
Pine Tree 1: Brushed. The first technique involves using the tip of your watercolor brush to create lines in a downward, angled pattern. Start with the left side, working your way downward, then repeat the process on the right side.
Pine Tree 2: Blobbed. The second technique is similar to Pine tree 1 but with much less precision. For this tree,
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قی در میان حرفه ای های سلامت روانی در زمان توصیف فراز و نشیب های اختلال دوقطبی مرسوم است؛ اما این مسئله را نباید با دمدمی بودن نرمال اشتباه گرفت.
تفاوت اختلال دوقطبی با دمدمی بودن نرمال
تغییرات در خلق و خو که توسط افراد مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی تجربه شده است، شدید و طولانی مدت است. آکادمی روان پزشکی کودک و نوجوان آمریکا شرح می دهد: “در حالی که همه از خلق و خوهای خوب و بد برخوردارند، فراز و نشیب های شدید و بی دلیل افراد مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی می تواند غیرقابل پیش بینی، بینهایت و ناتوان کننده باشد.”
این اپیزودهای خلقی از یک الگوی منظم و قابل پیش بینی پیروی نمی کنند، به این معنا که افسردگی همیشه به دنبال شیدایی رخ نمی دهد و بالعکس.
انواع اختلال دو قطبی: دوقطبی نوع اول و دوم
توصیفی جامع از اختلال دوقطبی در راهنمای آماری و تشخیصی اختلالات دوقطبی (APA (DSM ارائه شده است، که اغلب به عنوان کتاب مقدس روان پزشکان شناخته می شود. این DSM از سال 1952 منتشر گردیده است؛ زمانی که ویرایش آغازین آن شامل یک دسته بندی تحت عنوان “واکنشهای افسردگی شیدایی” بود. این کتاب در طی سال های گذشته چندین بار مورد بازنگری قرار گرفته است.
در سرتاسر جهان، مردان و زنان از تمامی نژادها، قومیت ها و اقشار جامعه تحت تاثیر اختلال دوقطبی قرار دارند. این کتاب امروزه شامل یک دسته بندی تحت عنوان “اختلالات دوقطبی و مربوطه” است که سه نوع اصلی را فهرست می کند:
- دوقطبی نوع اول
- دوقطبی نوع دوم
- اختلال ادواری خویی
چندین طبقه بندی دیگر نیز در DSM وجود دارد، مانند “اختلال دوقطبی که جای دیگری طبقه بندی نشده است”. این عبارت برای بیمارانی به کار برده می شود که از علائم اختلال دوقطبی برخوردارند، اما وضعیت آنها با معیارهای هیچکدام از انواع تعریف شده مطابقت ندارد.
دوقطبی نوع اول
دوقطبی نوع اول شدیدترین نوع اختلال دوقطبی در نظر گرفته می شود، عمدتا به این دلیل که شیدایی تا چه اندازه می تواند شدید و ناتوان کننده باشد. برای اینکه یک اختلال در مقوله دوقطبی نوع اول جای بگیرد، شخص باید حداقل یک اپیزود شیدایی داشته باشد و همراه با آن تغییری چشمگیر در انرژی در طول عمر وی مشاهده شود.
شیدایی باید به مدت یک هفته یا بیشتر طول کشیده باشد یا حتی به اندازه کافی شدید باشد که بستری شخص الزامی باشد. بیشتر افراد مبتلا به دوقطبی نوع اول دچار اپیزودهای افسردگی هستند، اما نشانه اولیه آن شیدایی است.
میکوویتز می گوید: “اگر شما به یک اپیزود شیدایی مبتلا باشید، اما افسرده نباشد، تشخیص پزشک شما هنوز این است که شما به اختلال دوقطبی نوع اول مبتلا هستید. این بدان علت است که او فرض می کند افسردگی نهایتا در صورتی رخ می دهد که اختلال به اندازه کافی درمان نشود”.
فراز و نشیب های شدید و غیرقابل پیش بینی از جمله مشخصه های اختلال دوقطبی هستند. رویدادهای تنش زای زندگی می توانند حالت عاطفی تشدید شده و افسردگی عمیق تجربه شده توسط شخص مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی را رقم بزنند.
دوقطبی نوع دوم
دوقطبی نوع دوم از جهات زیادی شبیه به دوقطبی نوع اول است، اما شامل شرایطی تحت عنوان هیپومانیا است تا شیدایی (مانيا).
تریز جی بورچارد، نویسنده و ویراستاری که مبتلا به دوقطبی نوع دوم بود، هیپومانیا را به صورت سطح ملایم تا متوسطی از شیدایی تعریف می کند که معمولا حالتی کمتر مخربی نسبت به شیدایی است.
بورچارد به این گفته خود ادامه می دهد که برخی افراد مبتلا به دوقطبی نوع دوم، هپیومانیای خود را می پذیرند، چنانچه به گفته وی: ممکن است برای شخصی که این بیماری را تجربه می کند حس خوبی باشد و حتی ممکن است با عملکرد خوب و بهبود بازدهی همراه باشد.
بنابراین، حتی زمانی که خانواده و دوستان نحوه تشخیص نوسانات خلقی به عنوان اختلال دوقطبی را فرا می گیرند، شخص ممکن است انکار کند که همه چیز اشتباه است. با وجود این، این مسئله می تواند منجر به مشکلات جدی شود، چنانچه بروچارد می گوید: “بدون درمان صحيح، هیپومانیا می تواند به شیدایی شدید در برخی مردم یا به افسردگی مبدل شود”.
زمانی که افراد مبتلا به دوقطبی نوع دوم به افسردگی مبتلا می شوند، این مسئله می تواند تجربه وحشتناکی باشد. در حالی که مشخصه اولیه (شدیدترین مورد دوقطبی نوع اول شیدایی است)، اپیزودهای شیدایی اغلب بزرگترین مشکل برای مبتلایان به دوقطبی نوع دوم به شمار می رود.
یک دلیل این است که حملات آنها با افسردگی برای مدت زمان طولانی تر به طول می انجامد، برای بسیاری از افراد مبتلا به دوقطبی نوع دوم، زمان طولانی تری در افسردگی در مقایسه با افراد مبتلا به دوقطبی نوع اول صرف می شود. افسردگی به عنوان یک تجربه خسته کننده، بدون لذت، انرژی پایین، تیره روز و ناکام، تحمل این بیماری برای افراد مبتلا به دوقطبی نوع دوم دشوارتر است، زیرا شرایط مزمنی حاکم است، که به معنای تدوام بیماری و طولانی بودن آن است.
حتی متخصصانی که از ارتباط بین عوامل بیولوژیکی و اختلال دوقطبی متقاعد شده اند نیز این احتمال را تشخیص می دهند که عوامل دیگری نیز دخیل هستند.
اختلال ادواری خوبی
اختلال ادواری خویی، که سایکلوتایمیا نیز خوانده می شود، معمولا به عنوان شکل ملایمتری از اختلال دوقطبی توصیف می شود. افراد مبتلا به سایکلوتایمیا بین هیپومانیا و حملات افسردگی جای می گیرند و چندین اپیزود رخ می دهد که به مدت 2 سال یا بیشتر به طول می انجامد. این اپیزودها می توانند سبب بروز مشکلاتی برای فرد شوند، اما آنقدر شدید نیستند که به عنوان اختلال دوقطبی دسته بندی شوند.
کاندیدا فینک روان پزشک و همکارش جو کراینا که در کتاب خود تحت عنوان اختلال دوقطبی برای خنگ ها، سایکلوتایمیا را به عنوان رژیم دوقطبی توصیف می کنند و به عقیده آنها، این اختلال شکل خاموشی از دوقطبی است که با زندگی یک شخص تداخل دارد.
سایکلوتایمیا ملایم نیست، بلکه نمایش ملایمتری از علائم دوقطبی است. دوقطبی برای سایکلوتایمیا به مانند صخره ای است که در یک زمین لرزه عظیم خرد شده و با فرسایش ثابت، مطمئن و پایدار به سمت پایین حرکت می کند؛ به هر ترتیب، این سنگ دچار فرسایش می شود.
چه کسی به اختلال دوقطبی مبتلا می شوند؟
در سرتاسر جهان، مردان و زنان از تمامی نژادها، قومیت ها و اقشار جامعه تحت تاثیر اختلال دوقطبی قرار دارند. پژوهشی در سال 2011 با هدایت محقق موسسه ملی سلامت روان به نام کاتلین آر مریکانگاس نشان داد که شیوع جهانی این بیماری تقریبا 2.4 درصد است. مطابق با NIMH، شیوع مادام المعر در ایالات متحده 3.9 درصد است و بیشترین اشخاص مبتلا به این بیماری در سنین هجده تا بیست و نه سال هستند.
آیا کودکان به اختلال دو قطبی مبتلا می شوند؟
این که کودکان می توانند به اختلال دوقطبی دچار شوند، موضوعی کاملا متناقض با احساسات قوی از تمامی جهات است. برخی روان پزشکان اعتقاد دارند که این بیماری بر کودکان تاثیری ندارد و اظهار می کنند که آنها دچار شرایط دیگری هستند و تشخیص بر روی آنها اشتباه صورت گرفته است. دیگران
مخالف این مسئله هستند و استدلال می کنند که اختلال دوقطبی می تواند بر افراد تمامی سنین تاثیر بگذارد، حتی کودکان کم سن و سال.
فینک و کرایناک می نویسند: “تشخیص اختلال دوقطبی در کودکان (تا سن ۱12 سالگی) و نوجوانان به مدت بیش از یک دهه یک حوزه مورد بحث و مشاجره بوده است. حتی حرفه ای های این حوزه نیز اساسا درخصوص برخی ویژگی های تشخیص این اختلال در گروه های سنی جوان مخالف هستند.”
دلایل ابتلا به اختلال دوقطبی چیست؟
همانند سایر بیماری های روانی، دقیقا آن چیزی که منجر به اختلال دوقطبی می شود ناشناخته است. اما سال ها تحقیق و پژوهش اکتشافات متعددی را آشکار ساخته است، که دانشمندان نظریه هایی را در خصوص علل از آنها برگرفته اند.
برای مثال، تصور می شود که “ژنتیک” نقشی کلیدی را در شخصی که اختلال دوقطبی را توسعه می دهد ایفا می کند. مطالعات آشکارا نشان داده اند که این بیماری در میان خانواده ها جریان دارد که حاکی از دخالت عوامل ژنتیک است.
آسیب پذیری بیولوژیکی در ارتباط نزدیک با این موضوع است که به شخص متولد شده با آسیب پذیری ها در مغز اشاره دارد که می تواند شخص را در معرض اختلال دوقطبی یا سایر بیماری های روانی قرار دهد.
با صحبت کردن درخصوص بیماری روانی به صورت کلی، “اریک کاندل”، استاد دانشگاه علوم مغزی دانشگاه کلمبیا توضیح می دهد: “تمامی فرایندهای روانی فرایندهای مغزی هستند و بنابراین تمامی اختلالات عملکرد روانی بیماری های بیولوژیکی به شمار می روند. مغز اندام ذهن است. بیماری روانی اگر در مغز نباشد، پس کجا می تواند باشد؟”
حتی متخصصانی که از ارتباط بین عوامل بیولوژیکی و اختلال دوقطبی متقاعد شده اند نیز این احتمال را تشخیص می دهند که عوامل دیگری نیز دخیل هستند. برخی عواملی که تصور می شود در اختلال دوقطبی نقش ایفا می کنند شامل این موارد هستند:
- استرس (عاطفی یا فیزیکی)
- سوء مصرف مواد مخدر
- عوامل زیست محیطی مانند ترکیبات سمی در هوا و آب
- رژیم غذایی
- ویروس ها
دانشمندان بر این باورند که این عوامل نمی توانند به تنهایی سبب اختلال دوقطبی شوند، اما ممکن است به شیوه های پیچیده ای با عوامل ژنتیکی و بیولوژیکی همکاری کنند.
اریک ای یانگ استورم روانشناس بالینی، شرح می دهد: استرس و ضربه روحی ریسک را افزایش می دهد، چنانچه مناقشات هیجانی شدید در خانواده ها همین کار را انجام می دهند.
کمبود خواب برای افراد مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی خطرناک است، زیرا زمانی که این اشخاص بیش از حد خسته هستند، این مسئله می تواند منجر به اپیزودهای شیدایی شود.
بیشتر عوامل ریسک برای اختلال دوقطبی نیز به احتمال توسعه سایر شرایط مانند مشکلات نگرانی با توجه می افزایند، که احتمالا به همین دلیل است که چنین نرخ های بالایی از رخداد در میان این اختلالات مشاهده می شود.
اختلال دوقطبی و سایر بیماری های روانی
پس از یک مطالعه مشخص شد که 95 درصد افراد مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی معیارهای تشخیص روانی دیگری را هم دارند. رایج ترین موارد اختلالات اضطرابی مانند اختلال وحشت زدگی، اختلال استرس پس از حادثه، هراس واختلال وسواس اجباری هستند. در میان این موارد، اختلال وحشت زدگی بیشترین ریسک همایندی را دارد.
طبق یک پژوهش منتشر شده در اکتبر 2011، محققانی به تجزیه و تحلیل داده های یک پیمایش اساسی بر روی بیماران از سال 1979 تا 2006 پرداختند. این تیم دریافت که بیماران مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی معمولا دچار سایر شرایط روانی و بیماری های فیزیکی هستند.
برخی از بیماری های فیزیکی شامل بیماری تیروئید، هپاتیت ویروسی، چاقی، سردردهای میگرنی، بیماری های پوستی و بیماری های تنفسی می شوند. همانگونه که گزارش منتشر شده بیان می کند: “این نتایج بار بیماری در میان اشخاص مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی را اثبات می کند و بر اهمیت شناسایی شرایط همایند در این جمعیت تاکید دارند”.
چگونه اختلال دوقطبی بر زندگی بیماران تاثیر می گذارد؟
برای کسانی که با اختلال دوقطبی زندگی می کنند، این بیماری می تواند روز به روز دشوارتر باشد. نوسانات خلقی شدید که نشانه بیماری هستند می توانند تاثیری عمیق بر کیفیت زندگی آنها داشته باشند. یک مسئله خاص مرتبط با اختلال دوقطبی، اختلالات خواب است.
در طی دوره های شیدایی، افراد مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی ممکن است تا زمان خواب یا حتی مشاهده عدم نیاز به خواب بسیار هیجان زده باشند. میکلوویتز می گوید: “خوابیدن حسی مانند اتلاف وقت است، بخصوص زمانی که چیزهای زیادی می تواند در اواسط شب تحقق یابد”. بالعکس، شخص مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی ممکن است ناامیدانه خواهان خواب باشد، اما قادر به این کار نیست.
خیلی مهم است که اختلال دوقطبی حتی الامکان از همان اوایل تشخیص داده شده و درمان شود، زیرا با گذشت زمان شرایط رو به بدی می روند.
میکلوویتز می نویسد: خواب از شما دوری می کند. ممکن است شب در حالی که از این پهلو به آن پهلو می شوید و می غلتید بیدار بمانید، و در مورد مشکلات بارها و بارها فکر کنید. خواب می تواند به طرز ناامید کننده ای خارج از کنترل شما باشد. کمبود خواب برای افراد مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی خطرناک است، زیرا زمانی که این اشخاص بیش از حد خسته هستند، این مسئله می تواند منجر به اپیزودهای شیدایی شود.
مشکل دیگر که ارتباط بسیار نزدیکی با اختلال دوقطبی دارد، سوء مصرف مواد است. اگرچه دانشمندان در خصوص اینکه چرا این دو دست به دست پیش می روند هنوز مردد هستند، اما نظریه هایی را مطرح ساخته اند. یکی از رایج ترین نظریه ها این است که مبتلایان به اختلال دوقطبی از الکل
یا مواد مخدر در
تلاش برای مقاله با چالش های جاری و درد عاطفی زندگی با بیماری استفاده می کنند. این پدیده، خود درمانی خوانده می شود به جای کمک به شخص در مقابله با آن، سبب ایجاد ریسک میزبانی مشکلات جدید می شود. ویلیام مارچاند روان پزشک می نویسد: “خود درمانی تقریبا همیشه شرایط را بدتر می کند، و حتی گاهی اوقات از طریق پیشرفت تا اختلال استفاده از ماده بدتر نیز می شود”.
تشخیص اختلال دوقطبی
خیلی مهم است که اختلال دوقطبی حتی الامکان از همان اوایل تشخیص داده شده و درمان شود، زیرا با گذشت زمان شرایط رو به بدی می روند. مطابق با NIMH، همزمان با اینکه زمان برای شخص مبتلا به بیماری سپری می شود، احتمال دچار شدن به اپیزودهای شدیدتر و بیشتر نسبت به پدیدار شدن آن برای نخستین بار افزایش می یابد.
با وجود این، تشخیص دقیق اختلال دوقطبی می تواند کاملا چالش برانگیز باشد. برخلاف بیماری های فیزیکی، آزمایشات خون، اسکن ها، یا سایر آزمایش های پزشکی که می توانند بیماری های روانی را تشخیص دهند وجود ندارد. هر چند، بیماران یک معاینه فیزیکی و طیفی از تست های آزمایشگاهی را تجربه می کنند تا پزشک بتواند هرگونه شرایط پزشکی که می تواند سبب بروز علائم دوقطبی شود را چک کند.
این بررسی ها ممکن است شامل آزمایشهای خون، تصویربرداری رزونانس مغناطیسی یا اسکنهای پرتونگاری مقطعی رایانه ای و یا آزمایش هایی که عملکرد تیروئید و سطوح هورمون را بررسی می کنند شود.
زمانی که از تمامی مشکلات پزشکی بنیادین جلوگیری به عمل می آید، پزشک معمولا با یک روان پزشک مشورت می کند، که میتواند بیمار را برای بیماری روانی احتمالی ارزیابی کند. متخصصان سلامت روان تاکید می کنند که روان درمانی بخش مهمی از درمان برای بیماران مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی است.
تشخیص اختلال دوقطبی براساس تاریخچه پزشکی و علائم بیمار همراه با معیارهای مطرح شده در DSM صورت می گیرد. یک تشخیص دقیق بسیار حائز اهمیت است، زیرا تضمین می کند که تیم درمان می تواند مناسب ترین رژیم درمانی را برای بیمار ایجاد کند.
روش های درمان اختلال دوقطبی
گزینه های درمان اگرچه درمان اختلال دوقطبی از شخصی به شخص دیگر متغیر است، رژیم معمول شامل ترکیبی از داروها و درمان است. این داروها تحت عنوان درمان به اصطلاح خط نخست برای اختلال دوقطبی، برای پرداختن به آسیب پذیری های بیولوژیکی مانند اصلاح نواقص در شیمی مغز طراحی شده اند.
یک مثال لیتیوم است؛ دارویی که موثر بودن آن در کنترل اپیزودهای شیدایی اثبات شده است. میکلوویتز اظهار می دارد که دانشمندان دقیقا مطمئن نیستند که چرا این دارو اینقدر موثر است، بلکه او یک نظریه مشترک را به اشتراک می گذارد: “به نظر می رسد لیتیوم بر مسیرهایی تاثیر بگذارد که تعیین می کنند که آیا پیامهای شیمیایی به طور موفق از مغز به سایر بخش های بدن یا از یک بخش از مغز به بخش دیگر ارسال می شوند”.
چونکه اختلال دوقطبی بسیار پیچیده است و نیازهای هر بیمار نیز منحصربفرد است، بیشتر افرادی که به آن مبتلا هستند چندین داروی مختلف را قبل از یافتن موثرترین مورد امتحان می کنند.
متخصصان سلامت روان تأکید می کنند که روان درمانی بخش مهمی از درمان برای بیماران مبتلا به اختلال دوقطبی به شمار می رود. مزایای متعددی برای درمان وجود دارد که یکی از آنها کمک به بیمار در پذیرش بیماری خود و فراگیری بهترین شیوه کنترل آن
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detected.
Upon manipulation of the patellar region, one is impressed with the fact that hyperesthesia does not exist in proportion to the pain manifested during locomotion.
The character of the swelling varies; in some cases it is not large but rather dense and lacking in evidence of heat and hyperesthesia; in other cases there is considerable swelling, which is hot and doughy, somewhat painful to the touch but not necessarily productive of much lameness.Müjdeler olsun! Ehliyet müfredatına 'Motor' dersi yerine 'Trafik Psikolojisi' dersi konulacakmış.
İlgililer, "Biz araba tamircisi yetiştirmek istemiyoruz, birbirine saygılı sürücüler yetiştirmek istiyoruz" demiş...
Bakın ders konularına:
Otomobilin ve ulaşımın anlamı, sürücü davranışının psikolojik açıdan incelenmesi, sürücü davranışını etkileyen faktörler, ruhsal yapı bozukluğunun kazalara etkisi, sürücülük tutumları...
KOMŞUNUZDA OLABİLİR!
Özellikle İstanbul'da yaşayanlar ve günün en az iki-üç saatini trafikte geçirenler için gerekli bir eğitim.
Hepimizin psikolojisi bozuluyor çünkü. Tabii bir de daha en baştan ruhu bozuk olanlar var...
Örneğin; önündeki arabayla mesafesini ayarlayamayan, deyim yerindeyse önündeki arabanın ensesine yapışan sürücünün psikolojisini hep merak etmişimdir.
Deli midir, sapık mıdır, korkusuz mudur, nedir?
Ya siz saatlerce trafikte beklerken boş şeritten hızla gelip sizin önünüze geçmeye çalışan adamın ruh durumu nedir?
Tüm bunlar çok önemli çünkü bu adamlar sadece trafikte huzurumuzu bozmakla kalmayıp iş arkadaşı, komşu gibi kimliklerle günlük hayatımızda yer alıyorlar.
Korkulası yani!Ermenistan'ın bağımsızlık gününü kutlayan Rus lider, "Ülkelerimiz arasındaki ilişkilerin dostane ve müttefiklik niteliğine sahip olduğunu, ticari-ekonomik, bilimsel-teknik, insani ve diğer alanlardaki işbirliğinin yüksek seviyede olduğunu memnuniyetle belirtmek isterim" dedi.
Putin, Rus-Ermeni ortaklık ilişkilerinin geliştirilmesinin kardeş halkların temel çıkarlarıyla örtüştüğünden ve ilişkilerin bölgede istikrar ve güvenliği sağlama yönünde ilerlediğinden emin olduğunu da vurguladı.
Ermenistan, 23 Ağustos 1990 tarihinde bağımsızlığını ilan etmiş ve 21 Eylül 1991 tarihinde Yüksek Konsey, SSCB'den ayrılarak bağımsız devlet kurulmasını öngören kararnameyi kabul etmişti.Computer-aided design (CAD) tools are used with in architecture and engineering, as well as applications in areas such as interior design, facilities management, and construction/industry trades.
In the Computer-Aided Design and Drafting Specialist diploma program you will have the opportunity to learn drafting fundamentals, technical mathematics and communications and gain CAD proficiency.
You will learn the most common computer-aided design application (AutoCAD) for architecture, engineering, construction, civil infrastructure, and product design. You will also learn how to create a variety of designs and drawings and create a portfolio of samples that are both original creations and derived from paper sketches and drawings.
You will also participate in a practicum that will allow you to practice what you have learned in the classroom.
Career Opportunities for those trained in CADD:
Learn more about the Computer Aided Design and Drafting program here!We have compiled a list of vaulable resources on sustainability and environmental health. These include reports, as well as a collection of useful websites.
2010 - 2014
January 2014: Canadian Environmental Health Atlas. The purpose of this Atlas is to illustrate the myriad of ways the environment affects our health.
February 2013: State of the Science of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals - 2012 [PDF - 11708kB]. An assessment of the state of the science of endocrine disruptors prepared by experts for the United Nations Environment Programme.
January 2013: America's Children and the Environment [PDF - 21342 kB]. An EPA report that presents key information on environmental stressors that can affect children's health.
September 2012: Ecohealth and Watersheds: Watersheds as settings for health and wellbeing in Canada [PDF - 1118kB]. A report by Karen Morrison and colleagues exploring the connections between watershed governance and human health.
August 2012: The Cost-Effectiveness of Environmental Approaches to Disease Prevention [PDF - 298kB]. A peer-reviewed article by Dave Chokshi and Thomas Farley, published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
July 2012: Exploring the Links between Early Environmental Exposures and Chronic Disease: Implications for Public Health Policy and Practice [PDF - 477kB]. Workshop Report. Canadian Partnership for Children's Health and Environment.
April 2012: State of the Planet Declaration. Key messages from the proceedings of the Planet Under Pressure conference [PDF - 682kB]. Authored by Drs. Lidia Brito and Mark Stafford and supported by the conference Scientific Organizing Committee.
March 2012: Hormones and Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Low-Dose Effects and Nonmonotonic Dose Responses [PDF - 727kB]. A landmark peer-reviewed article by Laura Vandenberg and others, published in Endcrine Reviews.
November 2011: Waterborne Disease Outbreaks in Canadian Small Drinking Water Systems [PDF - 416kB]. National Collaborating Centres for Public Health.
June 2011: Environmental Sensitivities - Multiple Chemical Sensitivities Status Report [PDF - 290kB]. Environmental Health Clinic, Women's College Hospital.
May 2011: Reducing the Staggering Costs of Environmental Disease In Children, Estimated at $76.6 Billion in 2008 [PDF - 365kB]. A peer-reviewed article by Leonardo Trasande and Yinghua Liu, published in Health Affairs.
July 2010: Oil Sands Development Contributes Elements Toxic at Low Concentrations [PDF - 554].
2005 - 2009
August 2008: Human Health in a Changing Climate: A Canadian Assessment of Vulnerabilities and Adaptive Capacity [PDF - 6297kB]. Health Canada.
September 2007: Prescription for a Healthy Canada: Towards a National Environmental Health Strategy [PDF - 12112kB]. David Suzuki Foundation.
July 2007: Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated with Exposure to Chemicals [PDF - 3278kB]. World Health Organization.
- Atlantic Path
- Canadian Community of Practice in Ecosystem Approaches to Health
- Canadian Environmental Atlas
- Centre for Environmental Health Equity
- Centre for the Environment (U of T)
- College of Sustainability (Dalhousie Univ)
- Community Based Environmental Monitoring Network
- Concordia College (Univ. of Alberta) Environmental Health
- Environmental Information: Use and Influence (EIUI)
- Global Ecological Integrity Group
- Health Geomatics Laboratory
- International Association for Ecology and Health
- International Federation of Environmental Health
- International Society for Children's Health and the Environment (ISCHE)
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment
- McMaster Institute of Environment & Health
- National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Centre
- School of Population and Public Health (UBC)
- Science Atlantic
- Spatial Intelligence for Health Knowledge Laboratory (SILK-LAB)
- Sustainability Research Centre
- The International Society for Environmental Epidemiology
- The Polis Project (UVic)
- UNU Institute for Water, Environment, & Health
- Canadian Council on Social Determinants of Health
- Canadian Institute For Health Information
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
- CCME - Canadian Council of Ministers of Environmental (Health)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- Health Canada
- International Development Research Agency
- National Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health
- National Water Research Institute
- Nova Scotia Department of Environment
- Integrated Chronic Care Service (formerly Nova Scotia Environmental Health Centre)
- The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
- United Nations Millennium Development Goals
- United States Environmental Protection Agency
- World Health Organization - Health and Environment Linkages
- Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment
- Canadian Centre for Environmental Health
- Canadian Commission for UNESCO
- Canadian Institute of Child Health
- Canadian Network for Human Health and the Environment
- Canadian Partnership for Children's Health and Environment
- Cancer Prevention and Education Society
- Centre for Science and Environment
- Children & Nature Network
- Children's Health & Environment Partnership
- Clean Nova Scotia
- CPHA - Frontline Health Beyond Health Care
- Cumulative Impacts Project
- David Suzuki Foundation
- Ecology Action Centre
- Environmental Defence
- Environmental Health Association of Nova Scotia
- Environmental Health Association of Ontario
- Environmental Health Foundation of Canada
- Environmental Health Institute of Canada
- Environmental Working Group
- Geomatics Associations of Nova Scotia
- Global Green and Health Hospitals Network
- GPI Atlantic
- H2O Info - The Water Information Network
- Health and Environment Atlas
- Health Care Without Harm
- Healthy Child Healthy World
- ICLEI Canada
- International Chemical Secretariat
- International Institute for Sustainable Development
- National Environmental Education Foundation
- Nova Scotia Environmental Network
- Ontario College of Physicians - Environmental Health Committee
- Pembina Institute
- Physicians for Global Survival
- Pollination Project
- Pollution Probe
- Pollution Watch
- Second Look
- Sierra Club
- The Centre for Rural Sustainability
- The Collaborative on Health and Environment
- The Council of Canadians
- The Earth Charter Initiative
- The Green Interview
- The Natural Step Canada
- The Sandbox Project
- World Wildlife Fund Canada
- Bulletin of the World Health Organization
- Environment and Pollution
- Environment, Development and Sustainability
- Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Environmental Research
- Global Environment
- International Journal of Environmental Research anf Public Health
- International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment
- PLOS ONE
- Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and HealthPrint This Page
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Author: Chris Kawakita
This lesson makes a connection to popular culture by asking students to research and analyze contemporary and historic protest songs and to catalogue them in a class wiki.
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Technical Help | Legal | International Literacy Association | National Council of Teachers of EnglishThe Importance of a Tax Declaration
A tax declaration is a document that proves an entity or individual’s earnings. It also shows the amount of taxes that they need to pay to the government or government organizations. Tax liabilities are calculated based on income, deductions, tax credits and more.
A person who earns a living through a single source of income may file a tax declaration using ITR-2A. This form is suited for individuals or Hindu Undivided Families who don’t receive any additional income from other business ventures or the sale of assets. This ITR form is also suitable for those who don’t have any winnings from horse races or lotteries.
Salaried employees must submit tax declarations to their employers before the start of the financial year. This helps the employer arrive at the net taxable income from which they can deduct TDS. This is a crucial step because it influences the final amount of tax that gets deducted from the salary.
Employees must provide their investment proofs to their employers along with the declaration. This includes insurance policies, PF contributions, EEE investments and more. The total amount invested must match the declared amount at the beginning of the financial year. If this doesn’t happen, then the employer needs to recalculate their employee’s taxable income.
Moreover, the employee’s employer might be required to check for tax-deductible expenses and investments before making any payments. If this is the case, then they need to verify the details and approve the documents. This entire process can be simplified for the employee and the employer through payroll automation. RazorpayX Payroll, for example, is an automated software that simplifies all payroll-related documentation including the tax declaration. Steuererklärungمعاون سوادآموزی آموزش و پرورش کردستان، در دیدار تعدادی از خبرنگاران محلی و اصحاب رسانه استان، گفت: رسانه ها، نقش بی بدیلی در عرصه اطلاع رسانی، آگاهی بخشی و روشنگری به افراد جامعه ایفا می کنند.
به گزارش اداره اطلاع رسانی و روابط عمومی آموزش و پرورش کردستان، رمضان یوسفی، روز گذشته در دیدار با تعدادی از خبرنگاران و اصحاب رسانه، ضمن تقدیر و تشکر از تلاش و زحمات حوزه رسانه در استان، گفت: رسانه ها، نقش بی بدیلی در عرصه اطلاع رسانی، آگاهی بخشی و روشنگری به افراد جامعه ایفا می کنند.
یوسفی با اشاره به اهمیت کار حوزه رسانه، اظهارداشت: قلم رسانه و اثرش بی بدیل است و برای رشد نیاز است که در جامعه عرصه رسانه و خبرگزاری ها فعال شوند.
وی حرفه خبرنگاری و فعالیت در عرصه رسانه را بسیار حساس و ریسک پذیر دانست و گفت: نقش اصلی اصحاب رسانه بیان واقعیت های موجود در جامعه است .
معاون سوادآموزی آموزش و پرورش کردستان در ادامه، تقدیر از تلاش و زحمات فعالان عرصه رسانه را وظیفه همه مسئولین دانست و خاطرنشان کرد: رسانه ها هم باید با انتقاد مفید و سازنده، بتوانند مسئولین را وادار به پاسخگویی کرده تا آن ها هم در پی رفع مشکلات و موانع قدم بردارند.
یوسفی با تاکید بر اینکه رسانه ها وظیفه دارند واقعیت های موجود در جامعه را بیان کنند؛ گفت: آن ها باید مدیران دستگاه ها را وادار به انجام وظایف محوله نموده و همچنین تلاش های مسئولین زحمت کش و پیگیر استان را به خوبی منعکس نمایند.What is MitoQ used for? A closer look at MitoQ’s research
These clinical trials provide a good introduction into what MitoQ can be used for – and why it can support so many areas of your health and wellbeing.
If you’ve already read our article We can’t tell you about some of MitoQ’s research: here’s why you’ll know that, out of the 600+ research papers that have been published about MitoQ, there are only a few we can talk about. These four clinical trials provide a good introduction into what MitoQ can be used for – and why it can support so many areas of your health and wellbeing.
What are the benefits of MitoQ?
As you’ll see in the research below, MitoQ’s benefits are far-reaching: they don’t just apply to one area of health. This is because MitoQ targets the trillions of cells that make up your entire body. When the health of your cells is supported, your entire body is optimized. That’s why MitoQ has potential across all aspects of your health and wellbeing. But, for now, let’s dive into what clinical trials have discovered about MitoQ’s impact on heart health, athletic endurance, mitochondrial DNA, leg extension power and more.
MitoQ is used to combat cell stress
By neutralizing free radicals at their main source, MitoQ is able to effectively combat cell stress: an issue that is, more often than not, caused by oxidative stress. Put simply, oxidative stress means there’s an imbalance between the levels of free radicals and antioxidants in your body. MitoQ helps to get this balance back in check, making it easy for the building blocks of your body – your cells – to function at their best.
A clinical trial carried out at the University of Colorado Boulder supports this. The study found that MitoQ significantly fights oxidative stress – which had an on-flow of positive effects on the study participants’ cardiovascular health.
MitoQ is used to support heart health
In the same study, MitoQ was found to support heart health in a few ways. Not only did it improve arterial dilation by 42% (which supports blood flow), it also was found to significantly support the health of the aorta: your body’s main artery.
The study’s researchers concluded: “In the broadest terms, our results provide initial support for the idea that MitoQ, and potentially other mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, may be an effective treatment for improving vascular function”.
MitoQ is used to improve cycling performance
A clinical trial conducted by researchers at the University of Auckland found that, by taking MitoQ, cyclists were able to complete time trials faster than those who weren’t taking MitoQ. They also found that the average power output of cyclists who had taken MitoQ increased by 10 watts.
One of the researchers behind the study concluded, “Our data suggests that 4 weeks of MitoQ supplementation can enhance cycling performance and this effect may be related to the ability for MitoQ to attenuate exercise-induced oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. This research has interesting implications for athletes, and I look forward to seeing more research in this area.”
MitoQ is used to reduce mitochondrial damage caused by high-intensity exercise
In a study published by the Sport and Exercise Research Institute at Ulster University, it was discovered that MitoQ can reduce mitochondrial damage caused by high-intensity exercise. When the study’s participants took MitoQ for 21 days, researchers found that damage - which is typical within lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) following high-intensity exercise – was reduced.
MitoQ is used to improve leg extension power (& potentially mobility) in healthy older adults
A study published in The FASEB Journal in 2018 found that MitoQ helped healthy older adults regain extension power in their legs. The study’s authors concluded, “our data suggest greater improvements in leg-extension power with MitoQ supplementation in individuals with lower baseline function. Collectively, these data indicate that MitoQ and other therapeutic strategies targeting mtROS may hold promise for improving motor function”.
What MitoQ reviews tell us about what MitoQ can be used for
Independent research into MitoQ’s ability to support overall health is ongoing. If you’re interested in exploring how our biodesigned molecule could benefit your health and life, we encourage you to head to our research page for more information or read about the experiences of over 20,000 MitoQ
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., said in NASA's statement about the findings.
Scientists on the ground in Greenland had been reporting an unusually warm summer thaw, including damage at a snow airfield and strong runoff threatening a bridge, Tom Wagner, who manages NASA's ice research programs, told NBC News.
Ice cores from Greenland's highest region do reveal that such island-wide thaws have happened every 150 years or so, at least over the last few thousand years, but the fear now is that it might occur much more frequently due to warming sea and air temperatures.
"We can't lose sight of the fact that Greenland's ice sheet is losing 150 gigatons of ice a year," Wagner said. That translates into raising sea levels by one-one hundredth of an inch. Additionally, the danger of greater warming and greater melt persists.
"If we continue to observe melting events like this in upcoming years, it will be worrisome," said Lora Koenig, a NASA glaciologist who helped analyze the satellite data.
Monitoring stations on land "showed temperatures above freezing, confirming that the surface was melting for the entire ice sheet," Konrad Steffen, director of the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, told NBC News.
Since then, he added, "temperatures have fallen below freezing for the higher elevations but still are melting below 1500 meters."
The director of the top ice research center in the U.S. said the discovery fits into "the larger picture of a strongly warming Arctic."
A large glacier, twice the size of Manhattan, split off on July 16. NBC's Brian Williams reports.
"Arctic sea ice extent this summer is so far tracking at very low, near record levels, and the ice cover is unusually diffuse," Mark Serreze of the National Snow and Ice Data Center told NBC News.
On top of that, he said, the seasonal melt that followed the 2012 winter "started unusually early over most of the Arctic Ocean."
The center's latest report, issued Tuesday, noted that" Arctic sea ice continued to track at levels far below average through the middle of July, with open water in the Kara and Barents seas reaching as far north as typically seen during September."
Thomas Mote, a University of Georgia climatologist who looked at the satellite data, said the melt followed an unusual series of warm air ridges over Greenland since late May, with the strongest coinciding with the rapid thaw in mid-July.
Each successive ridge, Mote told NBC News, was "stronger than the previous one" and it looks like the pattern has finally broken down.
The ridges happened just as a cyclical weather phase known as the North Atlantic Oscillation shifted. "Together, they produced near perfect conditions for this event," Mote added.
Because they hold so much ice on land, Greenland and Antarctica have the potential to raise sea levels significantly if warming continues or worsens.
Sea levels have already risen by about 8 inches in the last century, partly due to some ice melt but also thermal expansion caused by warming seas.
The U.N. climate panel estimates sea level could rise between 7 inches and nearly two feet this century -- the latter a scenario that could prove catastrophic for many coastal areas around the globe.
NASA said researchers had not yet determined whether this summer's Greenland thaw would be significant enough to raise sea levels.
Greenland has enough ice to raise sea levels by 23 feet if it all melted off.
A recent study found that it could take a long-term increase in global temperatures of just 2-3 degrees Fahrenheit to completely melt Greenland's ice sheet in 2,000 years.
More world stories from NBC News:
- Going for gold: British workers cash in on Olympics with strike threats
- Afghan police commander leads defection to Taliban
- Norway to London: One family's Olympic odyssey
- Reports: Workers told to underplay Fukushima radiation
- US F-16 fighter jet crashes off coast of Japan
- Gunman in Afghan police uniform kills 3, wounds several
- Explosion, fire shuts down Turkey-Iraq oil pipeline; PKK blamed
- Assad reportedly directs troops from tribal heartland as rebels flood capitalL’accordo noto come “Mutuo di scopo” si basa sul principio secondo cui una parte offre una certa somma di denaro, mentre l’altra parte si impegna non solo a rimborsare l’importo prestato con gli interessi correlati, ma anche a utilizzare quel denaro per un fine prestabilito, intraprendendo le azioni concordate. Questa particolare natura del contratto implica che l’utilizzatore del denaro deve perseguire lo scopo concordato per formalizzare l’accordo, e chi fornisce il prestito lo considera essenziale per l’approvazione del finanziamento.
Il “Mutuo di scopo” si divide in due categorie: la versione legale e quella consensuale. La variante legale fa riferimento ai casi in cui la legge specifica chiaramente l’obiettivo da raggiungere con il denaro prestato. Un esempio sono le leggi speciali che delineano esattamente l’uso del finanziamento. Al contrario, nel tipo consensuale, l’obiettivo è deciso di comune accordo tra le parti interessate.
È fondamentale distinguere il “Mutuo di scopo” dal tradizionale mutuo delineato negli articoli 1813 e successivi del Codice Civile. Mentre il tradizionale mutuo si basa sulla semplice erogazione del denaro, il “Mutuo di scopo” è un contratto basato sul consenso delle parti, in cui la fornitura del denaro è soltanto un passo nell’esecuzione dell’accordo stabilito.« Torna all'indiceبه گزارش خبرگزاری پیروان موعود به نقل از خبرگزاری فارس به نقل از پایگاه اطلاع رسانی ریاست جمهوری، حسن روحانی در گفتگوی تلفنی با رئیس جمهور اندونزی ...
به گزارش خبرگزاری پیروان موعود به نقل از خبرگزاری فارس به نقل از پایگاه اطلاع رسانی ریاست جمهوری، حسن روحانی در گفتگوی تلفنی با رئیس جمهور اندونزی شرایط غزه را فوق العاده حساس دانست و با تاکید بر ضرورت مشارکت و همکاری فعال کشورهای اسلامی و اعضای جنبش عدم تعهد مبنی بر توقف فاجعه در غزه تصریح کرد: رژیم صهیونیستی نباید احساس کند که جهان در برابر جنایات و اقدامات غیر انسانی اش سکوت می کند و تماشاگر خواهد بود.
روسای جمهور ایران و اندونزی در این مکالمه تلفنی درخصوص وضعیت غزه به رایزنی پرداخته و با ابراز نگرانی از فاجعه بزرگی که در غزه در حال وقوع است، بر ضرورت همکاری نزدیک با یکدیگر و استفاده از تمامی ظرفیت های موجود برای توقف خشونت و جنگ علیه مردم غزه تاکید کردند.
حسن روحانی در این تماس تلفنی با بیان اینکه فشارها و وحشی گری های فراوانی نسبت به زنان و کودکان و مردم بی دفاع فلسطین در حال وقوع است، اظهار داشت: در چنین شرایط فوق العاده ای که برای مردم مسلمان فلسطین پیش آمده همه کشورهای اسلامی باید از هرگونه توانی که دارند برای جلوگیری از تداوم فاجعه استفاده کنند.
رییس جمهوری تلاش دسته جمعی کشورهای اسلامی برای جلوگیری از تجاوز و وحشی گیری رژیم صهیونیستی را مورد تاکید قرار داد و تصریح کرد: معتقدم صدای واحد کشورهای اسلامی می تواند متجاوزان را متوجه کند که ادامه تجاوز به نفع آنان نخواهد بود.
رییس جمهوری خاطر نشان کرد: فلسطین همواره محور وحدت مسلمانان و هم زمان محور نگرانی جهان اسلام بوده است و اندونزی در طول دهه های گذشته از کشورهای مسلمانی بوده که از حقوق مردم فلسطین دفاع کرده است.
روحانی با تاکید بر ضرورت استفاده از همه ظرفیت ها برای جلوگیری از ادامه وحشی گری رژیم صهیونیستی گفت: امیدوارم با تلاش همه کشورهای عضو جنبش عدم تعهد و کشورهای اسلامی جلوی این فاجعه بزرگ گرفته شود.
رییس جمهوری در بخش دیگری از این گفتگوی تلفنی، اندونزی را کشوری قدرتمند و دوست عنوان کرده و بر علاقه مندی جمهوری اسلامی ایران بر تقویت هرچه بیشتر روابط با این کشور در همه زمینه ها تاکید کرد.
رییس جمهور اندونزی نیز در این مکالمه تلفنی با بیان اینکه، اندونزی هم درباره وضعیت غزه نگران و با دیدگاهها و نظرات دکتر روحانی در خصوص غزه موافق است، گفت: باید با همکاری یکدیگر اقداماتی انجام دهیم تا خشونت و جنگ در غزه هر چه زودتر متوقف شود و معتقدم شما به عنوان رییس جنبش عدم تعهد، می توانید رهبری این اقدام را بر عهده گرفته و با همکاری کشورهای منطقه به خشونت و جنگ در غزه خاتمه دهید.
سوسیلو بامبانگ یودهویونو تصریح کرد: اندونزی از ایران به عنوان رییس جنبش عدم تعهد در انجام هرگونه اقدامی در این جهت و ایجاد وحدت بین مسلمانان ، به طور کامل حمایت می کند.
انتهای پیام/[-]
近日，英格兰教会通过投票通过了任用女性主教的决定，英国教会的多年陈规最终得到改变。
据悉，在1994年任用首位女性牧师之后，英国圣公会总议会在最近批准了关于允许提名女性并委任至高级职位的提案，从明年开始，英国就有第一个女主教了。而这项决定也受到了长期以来要求教会做出改变的活动人士的欢迎，他们把这当成了女性在可从事的宗教职位方面取得突破的第一步。
Hilary Cotton是“Women and the Church(女性与教会，简称Watch)”组织的主席，她表示称希望最终能有三分之一的主教职位——也就是大约40位主教由女性担任，以此来“提高影响”。她说道：“除非我们女性能够担任三分之一的主教职位，否则就无法改变当前文化，即使可以，难度也会很大。这不单单是为了让女性穿上主教的紫色制服，而是为了改变教堂文化，让男女平等。虽然现在这个消息让我感觉很兴奋，但是我还是希望在几年之后女性当主教能变成一件稀松平常的事。”
在教规更改之后，由于Paul Butler牧师被委任成为Durham教区的主教，第一个出现主教职位空缺的是Southwell and Nottingham教区，接下来分别为Gloucester、Oxford和Newcastle。在被提名的数位牧师中，包括了两位未来可能成为英国第一位女主教的候选人，她们分别是来自约克大教堂的Vivienne Faull教长以及来自索尔兹伯里大教堂的June Osborne。
在英格兰教会1994年任用首位女性牧师之后，现在教会中女性牧师数量已大致达到牧师总数的三分之一。在2012年时，教会曾计划允许女性担任主教，但在投票时仅因6位世俗教派人士(译者注：有点类似少林俗家弟子的意思)投了反对票而被迫中止，这件事在教会内部炸开了锅，甚至有人威胁准备让英国议会干预此事。
今年7月，在英格兰教会内部任用女性主教的提案得到了圣公会总议会的大力支持，之后在伦敦地区的周一投票中很快便获得通过。到了10月份，英格兰教会表示将积极区分并在教区中任用“未被充分代表的”女性主教。
总议会成员Christina Rees为教会中的女性权益积极奔走了25年，她表示称最终女性应在教会的高级职位中占到较高比例。她说道：“至少在我看来，不久之后就会有主教打电话给女性，让她给自己当下一任的副主教了。我觉得这么快就开始任用女性副主教根本没什么问题，不过想到第一个吃螃蟹的直接当了主教，还真是蛮兴奋的。英国教会的陈规终于得到改变了”。
给这篇稿打赏，让译者更有动力با پیشنهاد مرکز ارتباطات و امور بین الملل و موافقت شهردار تهران، تمام شکایت های دوره پیشین مدیریت شهری تهران از برخی اصحاب رسانه باز پس گرفته می شود.
این دستور در راستای سیاست راهبردی شهردار تهران مبنی بر دسترسی آزاد شهروندان به اطلاعات مرتبط با مدیریت شهری، شفافیت و تعامل با اصحاب رسانه صادر شده است. کانال رسمی دیدبان ایران در تلگرامJudgment: the forming of an opinion, estimate, notion, or conclusion, as from circumstances presented to the mind.
Empathy: the action of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another.
Every one of us has, at some point in our lives, thought, "if you only knew the whole story you wouldn't think/say/act like that." We wished that someone could "walk a mile in our shoes."
Every issue on both sides of the political spectrum ultimately trickles down to affecting individual lives in individual ways. How can the African American single mother of three in Detroit that lost her job be represented inside the same system as the $100,000 per minute hedge fund manager in New York with the off shore accounts? If either is asked about the other, how could they possibly employ empathy? How do any of us achieve true understanding of another's life experience?
Is it possible that a land filled with millions of wildly disparate stories could find enough commonality to fly a single flag?
When this country was founded, farmers made up about 90% of the labor force. You can bet that most people had a basic understanding of their neighbor's situation. Two hundred and thirty years later, the United States was found to have one of the highest levels of income inequality among similarly developed nations.
How can we possibly follow the Golden Rule when the people who have the gold make the rules?
The only way we can possibly move from a place of judgment about another's experience is to take the time to hear the story. To listen and absorb the experiences and feelings that makes up someone else's life.
What's the fundamental difference in the two definitions above? One has to do with the mind and one has to do with the heart. Now science is telling us that those two organs are joined in ways we never really imagined. I'm sure skeptics abound.
Research has shown that the heart communicates to the brain in four major ways: neurologically (through the transmission of nerve impulses), biochemically (via hormones and neurotransmitters), biophysically (through pressure waves) and energetically (through electromagnetic field interactions). Communication along all these conduits significantly affects the brain's activity. Moreover, our research shows that messages the heart sends the brain can also affect performance.
Read more here.
I believe that when we can base our actions on empathic responses to what we feel -- as opposed to judgments that we make -- our entire perspective will shift. We will be responsible -- able to respond -- to each other in the most humane of ways. Christ was quoted as saying, "Live in me, let me live in you." The way I read that is, when we truly listen and learn through experience... the experience of the "other," we will create a common humanity that knows no judgment, only understanding.
It's not impossible. It's a change in the story.Yer:
Yaryşmardi kasabası yakınlarındaki bir dağ geçidinde.
Tarih:
16 Nisan 1996 Salı
Askeri Amaç:
Çeçenya’da asker, cephane ve malzeme taşıyan bir Rus askeri konvoyunun imhası.
Operasyon stratejisi:
Önceden yerleştirilmiş kara mayınlarının kullanımıyla bir pusu kurmak ve konvoyu şaşırtmak.
Düşmanın mevzilenmesi:
Savaş araçları, zırhlı personel taşıyıcıları (APC’ler), kamyonlar, yakıt tankerlerinden oluşan ve tek bir T-80 mayın temizleme muharebe tankı tarafından yönetilen yaklaşık 50 araçtan oluşan askeri konvoy. Her savaş aracı en az on silahlı asker taşıyordu. Her kamyonda çeşitli miktarlarda mühimmat, yakıt ve yiyecek vardı.
Mücahidlerin mevzilenmesi:
Mücahidler yol boyunca yerleştirildi, 28 uzaktan kumandalı kara mayını, roketler ve patlayıcılar. Mücahidlerin her biri saldırı tüfeği ve omuzdan fırlatılan tanksavar ‘Mokha’ roketleri taşıyordu. Bazıları da ayrıca konvoydan geriye kalanları bitirmek için RPG-7 (Roket Tahrikli El Bombası) taşıyorlardı.
Mücahidler ile Ruslar arasındaki mesafe 50m ile 200m arasında değişiyordu.
Sonuçlar:
1. Operasyon hedefinin % 97’sini yerine getirdi ve konvoy dört dakika içinde başarıyla imha edildi.
2. Rus basını operasyondan sonra 94 askerin öldüğünü ve 53 askerin de yaralandığını duyurdu. Gerçekte, rakamlar çok daha fazlaydı. Moskova’daki resmi Rus askeri kaynakları, sayıyı 26 üst düzey subay da dahil olmak üzere 223 ölü ve diğer birçok yaralı sayısını koydu.
3. Çeçen Hükümeti’nden General Cevhar Dudayev operasyonun ardından konvansiyonel savaşın sona erdiğini ve Ruslara karşı gerilla savaşının başladığını duyurdu.
4. Mücahidler bu operasyondan herhangi bir ganimet kazanmadı çünkü konvoy “Allah’tan yardım ve yakın bir Zafer” tamamen imha edildi . [Kuran 61:13]
5. Bu operasyonda Mücahidlerden üçü şehit oldu (Allah’tan onları kabul etmesini istiyoruz) ve altı kişi de yaralandı.
Bu operasyonun etkileri:
Ruslara yönelik bu darbe, Rus Hükümeti için bir trajediydi ve Çeçenya’daki askeri faaliyetlerini durdurduğu için Rus halkına ihanetini ifşa etti. Cumhurbaşkanı Boris Yeltsin, Şatoy’da Rus Ordusu konvoyunun katledildiğini Moskova’da Rusya Parlamentosu’na duyurdu.
Operasyon sonrası düşünceler:
Bu operasyona katılan kardeşlerden biri şunları söyledi: “Tüfeklerimizin tüm ağızlıkları açıktı. Tüm mermiler tamamen yağlandı ve temizlendi. Bu zaferi hak edip etmediğimizi, yoksa ellerimizle Ruslara Allah’tan bir ceza mı olduğunu bilmiyoruz. Kalınlığın ve yoğun dumanın temizlenmesi, yeri dolduran Rus cesetlerini ortaya çıkardı. Cesetler ateş tarafından kavrulmuştu ve biraz önce yaşıyorlarmış gibi görünmüyorlardı. “The administration will distribute 5 million free rapid tests and 5 million free PCR tests to schools each month, according to an administration fact sheet.
The Department of Health and Human Services and the Federal Emergency Management Agency will set up “surge” testing sites in communities with high transmission. And the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will work with
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icazioni etno-linguistiche della Crimea e di tutte le popolazioni russofone in Ucraina e nello spazio ex-sovietico.
Fallita pertanto la soluzione diplomatica in Crimea e non riconosciuto l’esito del referendum da parte di Kiev, il governo Jatsenjuk ha continuato a promuovere a tappe forzate un’agenda riformista in senso liberale e a ricercare un sempre più marcato shift diplomatico verso l’Eu e gli Usa. In questo contesto, è avvenuta la firma della parte politica dell’Asa con Bruxelles (la cui sospensione nel novembre 2013 aveva scatenato la prima ondata di proteste popolari). Allo stesso tempo, l’Eu e gli Usa hanno accresciuto la propria pressione diplomatica sulla Russia iniziando una guerra di sanzioni economiche contro le aziende di stato russe e le persone più o meno vicine all’inner circle putiniano.
Nell’aprile del 2014, quando la situazione nel paese sembrava indirizzarsi verso un congelamento della crisi, si è assistito a una ripresa degli scontri nelle regioni orientali ucraine a maggioranza russofona, spostando in maniera lenta ma costante il focus delle tensioni dalla Crimea verso l’est del paese. Nuove e vibranti proteste scoppiavano nelle città russofone di Kharkiv, Luhans’k, Donets’k, Sloviansk, Kramatorsk e Mariupol, dove i manifestanti filo-russi richiedevano non solo una maggiore autonomia ma anche un referendum, come la Crimea, sullo status del bacino del Donbass. Rapidamente si è passati da un quadro politico fortemente polarizzato a uno scenario da guerra civile, nel quale neanche i tentativi diplomatici – come per esempio la conferenza quadripartita tra Usa, Russia, Eu e Ucraina di Ginevra e la road map proposta dall’Osce – sono riusciti a ricondurre la crisi nell’alveo della benché minima distensione.
Di fronte all’escalation di violenze e alle dichiarazioni di Putin circa le rivendicazioni russe sui territori sud-orientali ucraini, Kiev ha provato a dare una sterzata allo stallo politico interno andando a elezioni presidenziali anticipate sul finire di maggio 2014. Le consultazioni hanno visto l’affermazione di Petro Porošenko, oligarca ucraino proprietario della più grande industria cioccolatiera nazionale, la Rošen. La vittoria al primo turno con quasi il 55% dei consensi è stata ufficialmente riconosciuta anche dalla Russia. Porošenko è un personaggio camaleontico all’interno dello spettro politico ucraino poiché nell’arco di un decennio è stato dapprima sostenitore della Rivoluzione arancione, tra i fondatori del Partito delle regioni di Janukovyč, ministro degli esteri sotto la presidenza di Juščenko (2009-10), ministro del commercio e dello sviluppo economico nel governo Azarov (marzo-dicembre 2012) e, infine, tra i principali fautori delle proteste della Maidan (novembre 2013). Fin dalle prime settimane della sua presidenza, Porošenko si è distinto per una duplice azione diplomatica votata sia al proseguimento del percorso di integrazione europea – firmando il 27 giugno 2014 anche la parte economica dell’Asa con Bruxelles –, sia a riprendere il dialogo con la Russia nel tentativo di giungere a una tregua più o meno permanente attraverso un processo graduale di de-escalation. Allo stesso tempo, Porošenko ha perseguito una politica di sicurezza mirata all’integrazione territoriale del paese. Si spiega in questi termini il rifiuto di Kiev di riconoscere l’annessione della Crimea alla Russia e di dare avvio all’operazione anti-terrorismo delle forze di sicurezza nazionali (supportate da gruppi di volontari e dalla guardia nazionale integrata nell’esercito) nelle regioni sud-orientali.
Nel frattempo, sul piano interno, il primo ministro Jatsenjuk minacciava nel luglio 2014 le dimissioni – poi rientrate dopo il voto contrario della Rada – a seguito sia dell’uscita dalla coalizione di governo dell’Udar e di Svoboda, sia della bocciatura del parlamento della legge per finanziare l’offensiva dell’esercito regolare contro i separatisti filo-russi nel Donbass (misura poi introdotta sotto forma di tassa di guerra). Sebbene momentaneamente rientrata, la crisi è riemersa nell’agosto dello stesso anno quando Porošenko ha sciolto il parlamento per indire elezioni legislative anticipate (26 ottobre 2014) che hanno decretato la vittoria dei filo-europeisti riuniti in una coalizione di governo penta-partitica (tra cui il Blocco Porošenko, Patria della Tymošenko e Fronte popolare) guidata ancora una volta dal premier uscente Jatsenjuk. Il nuovo esecutivo ha posto tra le sue priorità l’abolizione della norma costituzionale che prescrive lo status di ‘paese neutrale’ in modo tale da accelerare i processi di integrazione nell’Eu e nella Nato.
Parallelamente, sul piano della sicurezza, i ribelli dell’est sono riusciti ad aprire, con l’aiuto di armi giunte dalla Russia, un nuovo fronte nel sud dell’Ucraina a Novoazovsk, sul Mar d’Azov, a est di Mariupol, ridando nuova linfa alla crisi ucraina. Mentre il presidente Porošenko denunciava l’invasione russa, la Nato, riunita nel vertice di Newport in Galles, diffondeva immagini satellitari che certificavano la presenza di circa un migliaio di soldati russi in territorio ucraino. I nuovi scontri nel sud del paese hanno reso inutili, di fatto, gli sforzi diplomatici che si erano tenuti nelle stesse settimane a Minsk tra separatisti e governo di Kiev, sotto mediazione di Osce e Russia, dove comunque le parti avevano stipulato una tregua immediatamente violata per la creazione di una buffer zone nell’est del paese.
Nonostante l’ennesima escalation di tensioni avesse prodotto un nuovo round di sanzioni nei confronti della Russia, la situazione militare sul campo è sembrata tuttavia indirizzarsi verso una cristallizzazione delle posizioni acquisite mentre, dal punto di vista politico, la decisione dei leader separatisti orientali di boicottare il voto dell’ottobre 2014 si è spiegata anche in termini di opportunità politica. Sebbene prima del 26 ottobre il governo di Kiev avesse approvato un disegno di legge che garantiva uno status speciale (‘distretti autonomi’) per tre anni alle regioni del Donbass, le autorità delle due autoproclamate repubbliche di Donets’k e Luhans’k hanno spinto per l’organizzazione di proprie elezioni indipendenti, fissate per il 2 novembre, con l’obiettivo di farle divenire una sorta di referendum sulla propria indipendenza dall’Ucraina e trovando di fatto l’immediato riconoscimento di Mosca. Una dimostrazione di forza da parte dei secessionisti che ha dimostrato ancora una volta la continuità della crisi, alla quale le parti non sembrano riuscire a trovare una reale soluzione nell’immediato.
Popolazione, società e diritti
Tra i paesi dell’ex Unione Sovietica, l’Ucraina è il secondo stato più popoloso dopo la Russia. Tuttavia, rispetto ai 51,5 milioni del 1990, la popolazione si compone oggi di poco più di 45 milioni di abitanti, una riduzione demografica dovuta al peggioramento delle condizioni economiche e sociali e quindi alla massiccia emigrazione.
La Banca mondiale ha stimato che nel 2010 il numero di emigrati sia stato di circa 6,5 milioni (equivalente al 14,4% della popolazione). I flussi sono stati diretti prevalentemente verso Russia, Polonia, Stati Uniti, Kazakistan, Israele, Germania, Moldavia, Italia, Bielorussia e Spagna. I corridoi delle migrazioni tra Russia e Ucraina e viceversa sono rispettivamente il secondo e il terzo più grande al mondo, con rispettivamente 3,7 e 3,6 milioni di migranti.
Oltre alle comunità rumena, polacca e ungherese, la più rilevante minoranza etnica del paese è quella russa, che rappresenta il 18% della popolazione (corrispondenti a più di 8 milioni di cittadini).
La popolazione russofona e di etnia russa è prevalentemente concentrata nelle regioni sud-orientali dell’Ucraina, al confine con la Russia. Molti vivono in Crimea, in particolare a Sebastopoli, dove la popolazione russa arriva a più del 60% del totale. In queste regioni i rapporti tra ucraini e russi sono divenuti di recente piuttosto tesi, anche per via dell’annessione – non riconosciuta dall’Ucraina – della penisola da parte della Russia il 18 marzo 2014. Proprio la questione etno-linguistica in Crimea e nel Donbass è stata usata strumentalmente dalla Russia – dietro pressioni delle popolazioni locali che non riconoscevano il governo insediatosi all’indomani della fuga di Janukovyč nell’est russofono del paese – per annettere la penisola ed ergersi a protettrice delle popolazioni russe e russofone delle province orientali ucraine.
Dall’epoca sovietica, Kiev ha ereditato un sistema educativo relativamente solido. Nonostante l’impatto negativo della recessione economica dei primi anni Novanta, il tasso di alfabetizzazione è oggi del 100% e la scolarizzazione primaria del 98%. Inoltre, si registra una crescita sostenuta del numero di studenti universitari.
L’indipendenza e l’efficienza del sistema giudiziario sono in parte compromesse dall’influenza che esercita la politica, dalla corruzione diffusa (il paese è al 144° posto su 177 nella classifica dell’indice di corruzione percepita) e dalle limitazioni alla libertà di stampa: sono frequenti gli attacchi intimidatori e violenti ai giornalisti e le cause intentate davanti ai tribunali da funzionari politici contro le critiche della stampa. Russi Sanità Demografia
Economia ed energia
Dopo la Russia, l’Ucraina è stata la regione economica più importante dell’ex Unione Sovietica. Ricca di terreno fertile, ha contribuito per più di un quarto del totale della produzione agricola sovietica. Le sue fattorie fornivano ingenti quantitativi di carne, latte, grano e verdure alle altre repubbliche. Nel periodo di transizione dal sistema pianificato sovietico all’economia di mercato, l’Ucraina ha attraversato una profonda fase recessiva. L’innescarsi di una spirale inflattiva aveva compresso i redditi reali, già in via di riduzione in termini nominali. Il pil pro capite crollò del 60% in dieci anni (da oltre 8000 dollari nel 1989 a meno di 3500 nel 1998). Malgrado l’avvio della ripresa e il ritorno a una decisa crescita economica dai primi anni del Duemila, oggi il reddito medio è poco al di sopra dei livelli del 1989. Il pil pro capite per il 2013 è di circa 7423 euro.
L’economia ucraina è ancora fortemente concentrata nel settore industriale, comparto sul quale gravano tuttavia tare storiche e strutturali: in particolare, una diffusa corruzione e un’eccessiva ingerenza da parte dello stato. Tra le risorse più importanti figurano le riserve di metalli ferrosi. Particolarmente sviluppata è l’industria chimica nella produzione del carbon coke e dei fertilizzanti. I beni manifatturieri includono invece aerei, turbine, locomotive diesel e trattori. Dopo un periodo di decisa crescita economica, nel 2009 la crisi internazionale ha pesantemente colpito l’economia ucraina provocando una contrazione del pil del 15% in un anno. Per far fronte alla crisi, il presidente Janukovyč si vide costretto ad adottare alcune misure impopolari scontrandosi con il forte dissenso dell’opinione pubblica. Dal 2010, tuttavia, il paese ha comunque ripreso lentamente a crescere, e si prevede che nel triennio 2014-17 il pil possa crescere con un tasso superiore all’1% annuo. Tuttavia le previsioni di crescita rimangono fortemente condizionate dalla situazione di aperto conflitto nell’est del paese.
La dipendenza dalle importazioni di energia costituisce un tradizionale peso per l’economia nazionale, contribuendo a mantenere la bilancia commerciale ucraina in passivo per un valore attorno al 6-9% del pil. Benché il sottosuolo ucraino racchiuda grandi quantità di carbone (il 3,9% delle riserve mondiali) e il paese produca energia nucleare (il 3,4% della generazione elettrica nucleare mondiale), il peso degli idrocarburi nel mix energetico implica la necessità di approvvigionamento dall’estero e, in particolare, dalla Russia.
La totale dipendenza da Mosca per le importazioni energetiche è temperata dal fatto che l’Ucraina è un importante stato di transito per il gas russo diretto verso l’Europa occidentale: circa tra quarti del totale annuo. L’interdipendenza tra Kiev e Mosca ha creato negli ultimi anni frequenti dispute, le cosiddette ‘guerre del gas’, legate all’indebitamento di Kiev e al tradizionale obiettivo russo di acquisire il controllo della rete ucraina.
Se per aggirare la strozzatura del transito attraverso l’Ucraina, la Russia ha predisposto un progetto di gasdotto attraverso il Mar Nero, il Blue Stream, al contempo Kiev ha avviato un ambizioso piano di riduzione delle importazioni di gas, e della conseguente vulnerabilità nei confronti della Russia. Pilastri della strategia energetica nazionale approvata nel luglio 2012 – che punta a ridurre le importazioni da 40,5 miliardi di metri cubi del 2011 a 5 entro il 2030 – sono la razionalizzazione dei consumi interni, lo sfruttamento dei depositi di gas non convenzionale recentemente individuati e la diversificazione degli importatori, anche grazie alla costruzione di impianti di rigassificazione in grado di consentire la più flessibile importazione di gas liquefatto. Le importazioni del gas hanno visto un drastico calo nel 2014 non per la strategia governativa, ma per la crisi ucraina che ha portato alla chiusura delle fabbriche e delle industrie pesanti soprattutto nell’est dell’Ucraina. L’economia ucraina soffre una grave recessione, con il rapporto debito pubblico/ pil che passerà dal 41,3% nel 2014 al 56,3% nel 2015. Si stima che la sola perdita della Crimea possa implicare una contrazione del pil pari al 3,7%. Il blocco delle attività produttive nelle regioni orientali potrebbe avere conseguenze gravi. Secondo un rapporto dell’Un, i danni causati dall’offensiva dell’esercito ucraino contro le repubbliche popolari di Lugans’k e Donets’k negli ultimi mesi di guerra civile ammonterebbero a circa mezzo miliardo di dollari.
L’Unione Europea è già intervenuta in aiuto dell’Ucraina la scorsa primavera con un pacchetto di aiuti finanziari da 11 miliardi di euro, cui si affianca un programma di finanziamento di 17 miliardi di dollari erogato in successive tranche approvato dal Fondo monetario internazionale il 30 aprile 2014.
Come segno di un nuovo riavvicinamento l’Ucraina e la Commissione europea hanno contemporaneamente firmato il 27 giugno 2014, e poi ratificato in settembre, l’Accordo di associazione e libero scambio. L’entrata in vigore della parte economica che prevede l’introduzione del libero commercio tra l’Ucraina e l’Eu è stata posticipata al 1° gennaio 2016, sotto una forte pressione della Russia.
Difesa e sicurezza
Dal 1992 a oggi le forze convenzionali ucraine sono state ridotte in maniera esponenziale, passando da più di 600.000 a meno di 130.000 soldati. Ciononostante, quello ucraino è il maggiore esercito tra i paesi europei non membri della Nato. La spesa militare si attesta oggi al 2,9% del pil, registrando un lieve calo rispetto alla seconda metà degli anni Novanta. L’Ucraina è parte del programma Partnership for Peace della Nato dal 1994 e contribuisce alla missione Kfor in Kosovo, alla missione Isaf in Afghanistan, alle operazioni marittime anti-terroristiche nel Mediterraneo e ha contribuito alla missione in Iraq.
Il governo Juščenko aspirava a un maggior avvicinamento all’Europa e alla Nato, con la quale aveva avviato nel 2005 un Dialogo intensificato sull’adesione che avrebbe dovuto precedere il Piano d’azione per l’adesione (Map). Nel giugno 2010, sotto il governo Janukovyč, è stata adottata una legge costituzionale in base alla quale il paese non può aderire ad alleanze militari, sancendo la distanza dalla Nato. Questo provvedimento è una clausola sullo status di neutralità dell’Ucraina. Mosca, infatti, ha sempre guardato con diffidenza l’allargamento della Nato verso i propri confini e, se non ha potuto evitare l’ingresso nell’Alleanza atlantica di Polonia, Repubblica Ceca, Ungheria e dei tre paesi baltici, ha considerato la neutralità dell’Ucraina come la condizione minima per la propria sicurezza strategica. L’annessione della Crimea alla Russia e più in generale i recenti sviluppi nella parte sud-orientale del paese collegati alla crisi ucraina vanno inseriti in questo quadro politico che spiega, solo in parte, la distanza diplomatica che si è venuta a creare nei rapporti tra Russia e Nato, e più in generale con l’Occidente.
L’Ucraina è parte dell’organizzazione per la democrazia e lo sviluppo economico (Guam) con le altre ex repubbliche sovietiche Georgia, Azerbaigian e Moldavia. Il Guam è stato fondato nel 1996 come un’alleanza politica, economica e strategica per rafforzare l’indipendenza dei membri ed è diventato un forum per la cooperazione in materia di sicurezza. Anche per effetto della crisi nel paese, Kiev non è più membro della Comunità degli stati indipendenti (Cis) dal 19 marzo 2014.
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the bridge a few feet away. By the side of this screen is a huge teak pillar resting on a brick plinth stepped off on two sides, and carrying near the top a wooden board on which is carved an inscription giving the name of the gate, and the year and date on which it was built.
Each of the four walls has 13 bastions for a total of 48 bastions. (Bastions at the each corner are merged into one, hence 48 in total.) All the intermediate bastions are surmounted by a quintuple-roof pavilion. The barge-board of these many-gabled roofs are covered with carvings.
Surrounding the walls, at a distance of about 18 m (60 ft) from them, is a moat 64 m (210 ft) wide, and of an average depth of 4.5 m (15 ft). In the case of foes armed with ancient weapons, this moat would no doubt have presented a rather formidable obstacle to the besieging army, whose crafts would have been completely exposed to the missiles of the warriors protected by the merlons on the ramparts and on the barbicans.
The moat was originally spanned over by five wooden bridges, four of which lead to the four principal or middle gates, that is one to each face of the walls. The fifth leads up to the south-western gate, used during the times of monarchy for amingala or inauspicious occasions such as to carry off dead bodies. The British constructed two additional bridges one at the south-west and the other at the north-west corner, to allow of materials and supplies for the troops into the fort.
The five original bridges are similar in design and are in unison with the defensive character of the fort and the moat. Two earthen embankments encased within brick walls form the abutments running into the moat from both banks. The space between is spanned over by teak logs of natural size — the length of two of these logs making up the length of the bridge resting, at both extremities on transversal beams supported by five posts partially encased in the masonry of the abutments; the extremities of the logs which meet in the middle of the bridge are likewise supported by five huge wooden pillars the heads of which are joined together by means of two large wooden plates which rest on cleats so constructed that the whole structure could be taken down and removed rapidly in case of danger.
Entering the Palace grounds from the east, on the right or north sits the Clock Tower, or Bahozin (ဗဟိုစင်). It is a simple building, consisting of a high square plinth; on the top of this four columns sustain a wooden platform surmounted by a double-roof; the whole is crowned by a small finial and a hti or umbrella. It is from this platform that the passing of time was made known to the city by sounding regularly a gong and a very large drum at each watch, that is, every third hour; the day and the night were each divided into four watches. The time was marked by a water-clock. This consisted of a large water jar on the water of which was placed a brass bowl; in the bottom of the latter was pierced a tiny hole, its size so calculated that the bowl filled with water and dropped to the bottom of the jar at exact recurring intervals, which were the hours.
To the south of the Clock Tower, nearly facing it across the road is Swedawzin (စွယ်တော်စင်) or the Tooth-Relic Tower. A good example of traditional Burmese architecture, the Relic Tower has three parts — first a low basement; second a rectangular block or terrace rising from the first and third a relic-chamber surmounted by a three-tiered roof (pyatthat); the whole is crowned by the usual finial and the hti. Along the four sides of both basement and terrace runs a battlemented parapet formed of lozenge ornaments; at the four corners of each are small square pillars each surmounted by a marble manussiha or winged leogryph; the monster has a human head and two bodies.
The relic-chamber on the terrace is square; the only entrance into it is on the west, facing the flight of stairs by which access is obtained to the top of the terrace; these narrow steps are enclosed between two brick walls, ornamented with copings in three tiers; the lower end of each coping is terminated by a large and graceful volute; this kind of ornamental stairs, with minor differences in details, may be seen all over Burma, either in brick or wood. The walls and roofs of the relic-chamber are adorned with graceful plaster carvings.
Although the building is called the Tooth Relic Tower, there never was any tooth-relic enshrined in it. The tower was built simply because it was the tradition to have such a tower at the royal city, a tradition from the time of King Bayinnaung.
The Hluttaw (လွှတ်တော်, [l̥ʊʔ tɔ̀]) or the Supreme Court was where the official business of the court was conducted. The Lion Throne (Sihasana) was the chief throne of eight in the palace. The hall consists of two three-roofed wooden structures, richly decorated with figures and flowers, and supported by massive teak pillars painted red at the bottom and gilded above. Therein was a Lion-Throne (Sihasana) for the King.
Due north from the Clock Tower is a cluster of Mausoleums erected to the memory of some members of the Royal family. The most important historically is that of King Mindon, who died in 1878. It was originally a brick pyatthat, plastered over and whitewashed, erected by King Thibaw to the memory of his father, as soon as the grave had been built. The Sawbwa of Yawnghwe, decorated the king's tomb with glass mosaic. It is a square structure surmounted by a septuple roof terminating as usual in a hti. Other mausoleums include those of three wives of Mindon: Chief Queen; Queen Laungshe, mother of King Thibaw; Queen Sinbyumayin, mother of Queen Supayalat.
The Royal Mint is located a few hundred metres to the northeast of the mausoleums. It was where the first Burmese coin was printed in 1865. After the British annexation, the Mint was used as bakery for the troops for some years. It was one of few buildings in the palace that survived allied bombing during World War II.
The palace grounds are dominated by the 24 m (78 ft) tall Nanmyintsaung (နန်းမြင့်ဆောင်) or Watch Tower, topped by a seven tiered pyatthat. It was the spot from which to view the city. The King and Queen sometimes ascended the tower to witness the beautiful panorama of the country around, with its river, the bills and lakes. They also, from its summit, contemplated the magnificent spectacle of the illumination of the town at the Thadingyut festival at the end of Vassa ('Buddhist Lent'). It is said that Queen Supayalat witnessed, from there, the entry of the British troops who took Mandalay in November 1885. The Watch Tower also survived the allied bombing during World War II.
On the palace platform
The road from the Eastern Gate, which passes between the Clock Tower and the Relic Tower, leads to the Mye-Nandaw, and the Golden Spire over the Lion Throne Room, which marks the centre of the city. All the Palace buildings stood on the platform. The latter consists of three distinct parts: on the east, the Great Audience Hall and the Lion Throne Room are erected on an earthen basement contained by a brick wall; the whole of the western portion, from the western most extremity up to and including the Hman-nan or Glass Palace, is likewise an earthen basement surrounded by a masonry wall; these two basements are connected, from the Hman-nan up to the Lion Throne Room, by a plank flooring of the same level supported by numerous teak posts. The whole of this platform, in its greatest length, measures 306 m (1,004 ft); in its greatest width, 175 m (574 ft). The height of the basement is 2 m (6 ft 9 in), the surrounding or retaining wall rising to a height of 3 m (10 ft 9 in) from the surrounding ground, and forming a parapet 1.2 m (4 ft) from the basement. Access to the top of the basement was obtained by thirty-one flights of steps, some large and some quite small, the principal of which are those at the eastern and western extremities.
Great Audience Hall
This Hall itself is made up of three parts: the North (or Left) Audience Hall, and the South (or Right) Audience Hall; they were so called because, when the King was seated on the Throne, facing the east, the first was to his left and the second to his right. These two parts or wings are connected by a transept running east to west from the flight of steps up to the railing around the throne; this transept was called the Central Audience Hall, because it was flanked by the Right and Left Halls. The Great Audience Hall as a whole measures, from north to south, 77.1 m (253 feet).
Below the Palace platform, on each side of the flight of steps, on the east, may be seen a few old pattern European cannons and near them some heaps of cannon balls; a few other guns of the same pattern are placed also on the sides of the steps on the west front of the Palace.
The Great Audience Hall was built with a special eye to external effect, and this object was attained by carving and gilding all the wooden parts of the roofs-except the panels between the two roofs, which were merely gilt-that is, the gables, barge-boards and eaves-boards. The carving is in low relief and consists principally of a lotus and foliage-band on the eaves-boards; the barge-boards are ornamented with a plain scroll design and surmounted by flamboyant which are very effective as a decoration. But the wealth of ornamentation is lavished on the corners of the hipped roofs and the points of the gables as well as their lower extremities. The corners of the hipped (lower) roofs are surmounted by two wooden boards, made up of several joined pieces and meeting so as to form a right angle at the corner; the chief motifs are flamboyant, foliage, lotus-bands and guilloches.
The angle represents a stylized peacock—the emblem of royalty—is surmounted by a finial; below the eaves-boards is a pendant turned in the lathe. This same peacock is everywhere found at the points of the gables, forming a hip-knob, with the pendant below. All these carvings, besides being gilt, were also decorated with simple glass mosaic. The details above given apply mostly to all the other apartments.
Lion Throne Room
There were eight thrones in the Palace, of which the Lion Throne (သီဟာသနပလ္လင်) was the greatest, and as such much more elaborately sculptured and finished than the others; an exact replica of the one now in the Palace was formerly in the Hluttaw. The King alone, of course, had a right to sit on it; and for anybody else to do so would be considered a case of high treason; the fact indeed was that anybody sitting on this throne was practically the King, if he could keep the rightful owner off. The base is formed of two lotuses, the upper one inverted on the top of the other; this pattern in no way differs from an ordinary altar supporting a Buddha image; but in the centre, where it is narrowest, that is, at the point where the two lotuses meet, is a small band containing a row of niches, with a somewhat larger one above it; in these niches were small figures of lions, besides the two large ones which may be seen now at each side of the Throne. Access to the Throne is obtained by means of a flight of steps in the room behind it from which it is shut off by a sliding door of gilt iron lattice work.
The other thrones were the Hintha Throne (ဟင်္သာသနပလ္လင်), Elephant Throne (Gajasana) in the Byedaik (Privy Council Hall), Thinga Throne, Deer Throne (Migasana), Peacock Throne (Marurasana), Lily Throne (ပဒုမ္မာသနပလ္လင်), and Bee Throne (Bhamarasana).
Hmannandawgyi (မှန်နန်းတော်ကြီး) or Glass Palace, is the largest and considered one of the most beautiful apartments of the Palace. It is believed to be King Mindon's principal living apartment of the palace. Like all the Throne rooms, it is divided by a wooden partition into two rooms.
In the east room is the Bee Throne (Bhamarasana), so called because it was adorned with figures of bees in the small niches at the bottom of the pedestal. This was where the ceremony for the nomination of the Chief Queen and the Royal nuptial were held. It was also where the king and queen celebrated the Burmese New Year, and where the formal ear piercing of young princesses took place. The body of King Mindon was laid out in this room for viewing after his death in 1878.
The west room, which was formerly divided into several smaller ones, was the principal living room of Mindon, and no other persons were allowed to sleep there except the four principal queens, to each of whom was appointed a room near the royal bed-chamber, which consisted of a small room surmounted by a pyatthat, or small spire consisting of seven superposed roofs similar to the Golden Spire over the Lion Throne Room on the cast of the Palace. This pyatthat was of gilt copper. On each side of this spired-room were constantly kept open two white umbrellas. The ladies-in-waiting of the Glass Palace were, by turns, stationed around the west room to wait upon. Their Majesties; they, whether princesses or minor queens, were not allowed to enter this room with slippers on or with their golden umbrellas: they had to leave these at the entrance with their attendants.
In the time of King Thibaw, Queen Supayalat had a small room to herself in this west room of the Hmannan.
- ^ a b John Falconer, Luca Invernizzi, Daniel Kahrs, Elizabeth Moore, Luca Invernizzi Tettoni, Alfred Birnbaum, Joe Cummings (2000). Burmese design & architecture. Tuttle Publishing. p. 70. ISBN 9625938826, 9789625938820.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Mandalay Palace" (PDF). Directorate of Archaeological Survey, Burma. 1963. http://www.lib.washington.edu/myanmar/pdfs/MP0001A.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-22.
- ^ a b Kyaw Thein (1996). The Management of Secondary Cities in Southeast Asia. Case Study: Mandalay. UN-Habitat. ISBN 9211313139, 9789211313130.
- ^ Vincent Clarence Scott O'Connor (1907). Mandalay and Other Cities of the Past in Burma. Hutchinson & Co.. pp. 6–9.
- ^ Bird, George W. (1897). Wanderings in Burma. London: F. J. Bright & Son. p. 254. http://dlxs.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=sea;cc=sea;sid=f7c73dc350626ca80c0cf1c8ff80315f;rgn=full%20text;idno=sea282;view=image;seq=360.
Mandalay Palace · Kanbawzathadi Palace
- Wanderings in Burma by George W Bird, 1897 F J Bright & Son, London
HistoricalAmarapura Palace · Innwa Palace · Shwebo Palace · Sagaing Palace
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.介绍：
电子音乐（Electronic Music），是使用电子乐器以及电子音乐技术来制作的音乐；而创作或表演这类音乐的音乐家则称为电子音乐家。
电子音乐起源可追溯至19世纪晚期到20世纪早期，随着时代变迁，科技的进步为...
介绍：
电子音乐（Electronic Music），是使用电子乐器以及电子音乐技术来制作的音乐；而创作或表演这类音乐的音乐家则称为电子音乐家。
电子音乐起源可追溯至19世纪晚期到20世纪早期，随着时代变迁，科技的进步为电子音乐的发展起到了至关重要的作用，众所周知的电音是指近现代电子音乐作品。一般而言，可使用电子机械技术与使用电子技术制作的声音来区别。使用电子机械制造声音的设备有电传簧风琴、汉门式电风琴与电吉他；而纯粹的电子声音制造设备则有特雷门、声音合成器与电脑
电子音乐一度几乎完全与西方，特别是欧洲的艺术音乐连结，但自从1960年代晚期以后，因为摩尔定律造就了可负担得起的音乐科技，意味着使用电子方式制作音乐变的越来越在各国不同区域流行的领域普及与发扬起来。今日的电子音乐包含各式各样以及范围从实验艺术音乐到流行形式如电子舞曲
与常见纯粹电音不同，此歌单内歌曲将英文人声糅入电音，是人声与电音的搭配融合
清新人声与劲爆电音有时候并不冲突
电音弥补了单纯人声的平淡
人声为电音添加了一丝柔和
当两者相遇
就像可乐和曼妥思的激情碰撞
而后是比单纯电音更加具有张力的歌曲
两者完美融合，相得益彰
带来的是更加富有动感的节奏和听觉上的享受
电音因其鼓点分明、节奏感强的显著特点，导致听歌时容易不自觉地抖腿。
说到抖腿，“做一些有节律性的重复动作，从而‘激活’自己，输送更多神经递质到突触间隙，加快神经元之间的传递速度，更快更稳定地激活更多脑区……因而有种分析说抖腿实际上帮助大脑提高认知功能，从而增加做事的效率，并且在一定程度上，可以缓解焦虑等不良情绪。”
当众抖腿是一种不雅且失礼的行为，而在不影响他人的前提下抖腿缓解压力进而放松，也是一件妙事。
那么，为你心中的“小缝纫机”提供充足的动力，来一次将英文人声完美融入的电音旅行～
ps：歌单不定时更新，极个别单曲并不属于电音甚至可能还不清新，但依旧让腿很抖就是了_(:
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to this but what is a general ballpark for a good sample size in determining whether or not there is anything to a handicapping method? For example, if I have a test sample of 1303-1088 54.5%, is there reason to think that there may be something other than chance to the method?
As I’ve said hundreds of times there is no magic number of when you enter the "long run." However the more impressive your results the fewer the hands your need to make a case that they are not just random. In your case the probability of getting 54.5% or better out of 2391 games is just about 1 in 200,000. So I would say that record is worth to be taken very seriously. Here is how I arrived at that number:
Expected wins = 2391/2 = 1195.5
Actual wins above expectations = 107.5
Standard deviation = sqrt(2391*(1/2)*(1/2)) = 24.45
Standard deviations away from expectations = (107.5 + 0.5)/24.45 = 4.4174
Probability of 4.4174 standard deviations or more = normsdist(-4.4174) = 0.000005 = 1 in 200,000
Can you use a strategy card at ALL Table games?
Yes. I have never heard of a player being refused to use one.
How would you figure the probability of getting a 4 card flush or better on the flop in holdem, if your hole cards are suited.
The probability of getting 2 more of the same suit is 39*combin(11,2)/combin(50,3) = 0.109439. The probability of getting 3 more of the same suit is combin(11,3)/combin(50,3) = 0.008418. So the probability of getting at least 2 more of the same suit is 0.117857.Devo implementarlo in ventidue bagni. Qualcuno può suggerire una soluzione a questo?
Risposta 1, autorità 100%
I dadi che portano al miscelatore sono ciò che lo tiene sui tubi. Svitali (dopo aver chiuso l’acqua) e la valvola miscelatrice si staccherà.
Poi puoi installare un nuovo gruppo rubinetto. Ci sono modelli che vengono forniti con un deviatore a cui è possibile collegare una doccia. Questi sono spesso usati per le vasche da bagno.
Risposta 2
Quella è una “valvola miscelatrice esterna” il cui vantaggio è che non è necessario aprire la parete per cambiare l’intera valvola miscelatrice. Cerca su YouTube i video che mostrano l’installazione di valvole miscelatrici esterne.
La distanza abituale prevista per le linee di alimentazione di un miscelatore esterno è di 15 cm (circa 6 pollici). È quello che hai?丹尼士在1970年的夏天以借来的一千六百美元创业，其间一千二百美元用于购买交易所会藉，四百美元则作为生意本钱。因为精确的在粟米干枯症呈现前买入粟米合约，资金敏捷上升至三千二百美元，促进丹尼士抛弃升学的机会，全身心投入炒卖职业。
问：多年炒卖生计中，可有戏剧性和令倒爱情重创的经历？
答：当然有，发生在我全身投入炒卖职业第一年。
问：输去若干本钱？
答：我刚抛弃学业，竭尽全力炒卖。资金只要三千美元，很不幸偶一不慎，输去三百美元，心神恍惚，反手生意又一次打败仗。
问：渣沽都输？
答：恶梦没有曩昔，当日之内，我再以初入市的方向生意，接连第三次输钱，整日核算一共输去一千美元，既是总资金的三分之一。
问：心境自然欠佳，但可有的到名贵的经验？
答：输钱金额太多，令你心境不稳定的时候，决不应该草率入市生意，正确的处理情绪是离场，回家睡觉，关于市况仍要持续调查，当心分析，但不宜急于在入市生意。
问：该役失利是否有其他含义？
答：过后反省，假设我有一套完善的资金管理制度一日之内输去三分之一资金的可怕经历，应该能够防止。
问：换句话说，当日失利，实际上是最有价值的超卓生意，令你不再堕入相似窘境。
答：分析正确。
问：上述故事，经验咱们当日生意不顺手的时候，能够歇息，不然平白无故的再三输钱，获利机会降临时候，剩余的小量本钱难又大作为。
答：肯定正确，总而言之，你有必要减低丢失保存本钱，等候能够一展所长的良机，不然平白无故的再三输钱，获利机会降临的时候剩余的小量本钱难有大作为。
问：一九七三年大豆牛市是你第一次赚大钱的商场吗？
答：对，我赚了足够多的金钱，能够在第二年参加芝加哥期货商场，除了顺势之外我亦是一个活泼的即市炒家。
问：其他人体现怎么？
答：大部分人不懂得有风驶尽帆的战略，他们急于将赢利套现，举例说，大豆收盘前现已涨停板，其他人尽管相信次日或许大升，但仍然不能反抗将赢利套现的引诱，而我则愿意在涨停板价位持续买入。
问：听起来好像垂手可得的工作。
答：当然亦有危险，但顺势生意另你略微占优。
问：获利机会较高？
答：当年大豆接连十几个涨停板是常见的市势，但其时大部分炒家以为涨停板四至五日现已不思议。
问：大豆当然能够接连本日涨停板，当然以能够无声无息的在第二日跌停板，请问你怎么决定在什么时候中止买入？
答：这是有关或然率的问题，在涨停板价位买入输银码自然较大，但最低极限顺势买入，能够保证得到取胜的机会较高。
问：不要抛弃赚大钱的机会？
答：对！
理查丹尼士以四百美元的出资，赤手空拳创出一番工作，累计赢利在巨大的慈悲及政治捐款之后，依然踏上二亿美元大关，实际上从一九七零年开始全身心投入炒生计以来，丹尼士并非一往无前，下面是处理窘境的经历。
问：多年投机生计中生意成绩最差劲的市那一年？
答：炒外汇开户流程一九七八年。
问：是否因为其间一两个商场判别过错引起？
答：当年大部分商场处于横向状况，假打破的市势多不胜数，假设其间一个商场呈现牢靠的趋势已能够另到当年成绩改观。
问：一九七八年成绩欠佳，可有其他重要因素？
答：问的好！77年我主要以出市身份直接在商场生意，但78年开始我在写字楼遥控指挥，脱离出市代表身份。
问：生意方法是否因而改动？
答：初市生意能够得到不少即市音讯及其他第一手资料，举例某黑帮出市代表以摸顶或了解逆市生意而出名，足以作为相反目标，脱离即市生意场所自然不再享有上述优势。生意战略逐步以中长线为主。
问：脱离大豆期货的生意场所，实践上有甚什么重要理由？
答：1970年外汇及利率期货没有问世，但1978年时上述商场现已老练，足以供给投机的炒外汇开户流程便当，因而改在写字楼发盘生意，能够一起生意多种产品，久远来说，是正确的决定。砂人联党朋岭支部妇女组、诏安路乡村安全及发展委员会和特别事务局，将于2015年10月9日晚上7时正至9时30分，假肯雅兰区举办一场各族人民一起提灯笼一齐庆中秋的游行活动。
举办这项“情牵中秋”提灯笼游行活动的宗旨，是希望借着提灯笼游行活动让各族人民和华族一起庆祝和体验中秋佳节的欢乐气氛，增进各族间的互动与了解，建造一个团结友爱的社会。同时当晚的提灯笼队伍另一个目标是为了缔造在我国马来西亚最长的灯笼队伍。
“情牵中秋”千人提灯笼游行活动之“马来西亚记录大全－－最长灯笼队伍”的游行路线是以肯雅兰戏院前的“三维壁画”作为起点和终点，沿途经过新欣广场、丹斯理拿督阿玛沈庆鸿路、张君光路、肯雅兰小贩中心，全程2.4公里。
届时出席的民众只要手提着点燃的灯笼，沿着指示的路线游行，这个长长的2.4公里由行人提着灯笼的路途就会被收录在“马来西亚记录大全之最长灯笼队伍”的记录里。
另外，主办单位将在会后赠送所有的参与提灯笼游行的民众每人一张由马来西亚记录大全局授权予主办单位发出的参与“马来西亚记录大全－－最长灯笼队伍”证书以志鼓励。所以提醒所有有意参与游行的民众，可以事先至电联络，以便处理好登记证书手续。
主办单位希望民众，特别是居住在肯雅兰园或附近的民众能够踊跃的参与这项游行活动。同时也呼吁友族同胞也一同参加。为了增添多元民族色彩，主办单位欢迎参与的各族同胞穿上民族传统服装参与游行。
主办单位会提供500个灯笼给最早到场的500位参与者，民众也可以携带自己的灯笼前来参与游行。
有意参加提灯笼游行的民众可联系砂人联党朋岭支部 082-331776。Il nome di Eytan Fox forse non dirà molto al pubblico generalista, ma nel mondo queer corrisponde a quello di uno tra i più amati e premiati registi degli ultimi anni
. Più volte vincitore anche in Italia del premio del pubblico al festival Da Sodoma a Hollywood di Torino, Fox ha realizzato per la tv del suo paese (sarebbe stato possibile in Italia?) una miniserie, Mary Lou, che è un coloratissimo romanzo di formazione che ha per protagonista Ido Rosenberg.
Meir Levi (Rosenberg) è stato abbandonato quando aveva solo dieci anni dalla madre Miriam, che sognava di fare la cantante. Al liceo il ragazzo si innamora - non ricambiato - di un nuovo arrivato, Gabriel, bellissimo e adocchiato anche dalla sua migliore amica, Shuly.
Meir un giorno decide di partire, di andare a Tel Aviv per incontrare il cantante preferito della madre, Svika Pick (che interpreta sé stesso), nella speranza di trovare qualche indizio su di lei.
A Tel Aviv il ragazzo verrà introdotto in un gruppo di drag queen e diventerà una star con il nome di Mary Lou
(che è il titolo della canzone preferita da sua madre).
Dopo aver realizzato film amati come Yossi & Jagger, The bubble e Camminando sullacqua, Fox si è concesso (la serie è del 2009) una parentesi camp sotto forma di musical, con simpatiche scenografie e alcune delle più belle canzoni (molto note in patria) dell'icona pop Pick.
Bravi gli interpreti, come attori e anche come ballerini e cantanti.
Carlo Griseri
29/06/2012, 08:30Yaprak, Çizim, Yaprak şekli
Yaprak, Çizim, Yaprak şekli PNG görüntüleri mi arıyorsunuz? HD Yaprak, Çizim, Yaprak şekli PNG grafik görüntüleri kaynaklarını seçin ve PNG, SVG veya EPS biçiminde indirin.
Şimdi bu şeffaf PNG görüntüsünü ücretsiz indirebilirsiniz. Geçmişi yok. Yaratıcı bir projede veya Tumblr, WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Wechat, Twitter veya diğer mesajlaşma uygulamalarında paylaşabileceğiniz bir etiket olarak kullanın.在上海，形态丰富的各类老建筑无疑是这座城市重要的文化遗产。 “说到上海的近代建筑，许多人脑海中闪现的是邬达克、哈沙德等外国建筑师的名字，以及公和洋行、德和洋行等洋人开的建筑事务所。”中国科学院院士、同济大学建筑与城市规划学院教授郑时龄在接受本报记者独家专访时指出，这是对历史的误读。
“上海的很多老建筑出自中国建筑师之手，他们和外国建筑师一样占据半壁江山，有着话语权。”郑时龄指出，中国第一代建筑师正是从上海发展起来的，他们不仅把外国建筑思潮带进中国，还探索民族风格——这股风潮在建筑设计界曾被誉为中国的 “文艺复兴”。
上海的近代建筑大多是在20世纪20年代以后兴建起来的。郑时龄在梳理史料时发现，1910至1920年间，上海21.8%的事务所由中国工程师成立，9.5%为中外合作，68%控制在外国人手中。到20世纪30年代，情况有所变化，51%由中国人成立，5%为中外合作，外国人独资经营的事务所比例降至44%。另一项记载表明：1930年至1939年，上海100项大型建筑中，由外国建筑师设计的占43项，出自中国建筑师之手的超过了43项。
事实上，上海有一大批著名建筑，是杰出的中国建筑师主持设计的。他们娴熟的手法，完全可以与西方一流学院派建筑师媲美。比如，上海构思精巧的老影剧院，80%以上由中国建筑师设计，其中包括大上海电影院、美琪大戏院、南京大戏院（今上海音乐厅）等。当年远东第一舞厅、中国第一游乐城大世界、东亚首家使用自动扶手电梯的大新公司（今第一百货商店）等也都出自中国建筑师之手。著名的南洋公学图书馆（今上海交通大学图书馆）、南京饭店、大陆商场、大陆银行、中国银行虹口分行大厦、旧市政府新楼（今上海体育学院办公楼）等一大批优秀建筑都是中国建筑师留下的作品。
“庄俊、董大酉、范文照、赵深、陈植、李锦沛、陆谦受、杨锡镠……每一位近代上海建筑师都是一部建筑史书。目前已知的作品只是他们作品的一部分，甚至是很小的一部分，许多还有待进一步考证。”郑时龄以董大酉为例，这位 “中国古典复兴”设计思潮的代表性人物的建筑作品，据20年前的考证数据是25项，现在这一数字增加到39项。进一步考证，可能会发现更多。
此外，几乎所有知名的上海近代建筑，都是中国能工巧匠建造起来的。这是一段被湮没的历史，他们的贡献也应当昭示于世。所幸的是，上海目前正在建立“一房一册”，对每栋老房子的情况开展普查。同济大学、上海交通大学等高校的教授和研究生也在着手进行相关研究。随着专家对上海近代建筑史不断深入探究，这段历史将渐渐清晰起来。
相关链接
一幢幢经典建筑凝结着设计才华
南京大戏院（今上海音乐厅）
中国人设计建造的第一座戏院，由第一代留洋美国的华人建筑师范文照、赵深设计。建筑正面门楼四层，采用钢筋混凝土框架结构，占地面积约1382平方米，建筑面积约3800平方米。古典的爱奥尼亚列柱券廊与巴黎歌剧院风格的大楼梯配合协调。圆拱窗门上的浮雕装饰特别邀请留法新诗人、雕塑家李金发设计，由音乐、舞蹈、戏剧的情节组成，人物造型取自西欧神话故事。
百乐门舞厅
有 “东方第一乐府”美誉，由中国本土培养建筑师中的佼佼者杨锡镠设计。1931年开工，一年后完工，共投资70万两现银。建筑外观采用美国近代前卫的装饰艺术建筑风格。建筑共三层，底层为厨房和店面。二层为舞池和宴会厅，三层为旅店。其中最大的舞池计500余平方米，两层舞厅全部启用后，可供千人同时跳舞。舞池内独到的弹簧地板是最大特色，这种跳舞时能晃动的地板使舞者更具激情，新颖的设计当时轰动了整个上海。
大上海大戏院（今大上海电影院）
由华盖建筑事务所承担设计，主要建筑师有赵深、陈植、童寯等。1933年建成，久记营造厂施工，占地面积1161平方米，建筑面积3300平方米，造价40余万元。前部5层，后部是观众厅，布局紧凑。建筑外墙以黑色大理石贴面，立面简洁，大门上方有八根贯穿到顶的墨色玻璃方柱，内装霓虹灯，形成立面竖线条构图，夜间放射出柔和悠远的光芒。
外滩中国银行大楼
1936年奠基，至今仍是外滩建筑中体量最大的一栋。由中国建筑师陆谦受主持设计。外滩中国银行大楼是艺术装饰主义的摩天楼造型，却配
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if I am physically safe, what limitations, or beliefs of limitations, hold me hostage?” “How can I move forward into more freedom in my life?” “What am I doing to help others move towards freedom?”
When my children and then my grandchildren were young, we told the story as history: “These are the people we came from and we are proud of them.” My own children were young in the nineteen-sixties so the Civil Rights Movement was part of our discussion as well, and we sang, “We Shall Overcome” and “Let My People Go,” as part of our Seder ritual. As my grandchildren grew up, they dramatized the story, playing the parts of groups of people seeking freedom trudging through our living room. I have a photo of my grandson Collin, now an adult, crouching behind a potted plant speaking as the invisible voice of God. Now, as adults, we talk about refugees all over the world, all seeking freedom, seeking the liberation of not having to worry about their own safety and the safety of their children, of being able to put down roots in a place that welcomes them. We talk about what we, personally, can do to make the world a safer and more welcoming place, a place where everyone can feel at home.
Tasting bitter herbs as a recollection of tears shed in the world’s collective memory and in our personal memories, eating sweet mixtures of fruit and nuts (the recipes for which vary depending on regional ancestry), and opening the door to the outside as a symbolic way of welcoming the stranger (the Prophet Elijah in traditional circles or any stranger as many families now do), are all part of the ritual. We eat dinner together and then end the evening by saying together, “Next year, may all people be free.”A battery is a collection of one or more electrochemical cells that can be charged electrically to provide a static potential for power or released electrical charge when needed. When an external load connects to a battery, electrons travel from the negative to the positive terminal, creating an electrical current.
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Checkout our exciting range of lithium storage solutionsPROGRAMMA DI DONAZIONI AZIENDALI
DONATORI AZIENDALI
In SOAR, apprezziamo ogni regalo che riceviamo dai nostri donatori aziendali. Ci piacerebbe dimostrare come i tuoi affari puoi ottenere il massimo dai tuoi dollari filantropici collaborando con SOAR.
La Society for Orphaned Armenian Relief è quella mondiale - esclusivamente. organizzazione di beneficenza dedicata esclusivamente ad aiutare i bambini armeni orfani, una delle popolazioni più vulnerabili della comunità armena.
Con oltre quindici anni di esperienza nella protezione dell'infanzia, la trasparenza e il lavoro umanitario di SOAR con bambini e adulti con disabilità armeni orfani non hanno eguali. Attraverso una rete leale e fidata di donatori, SOAR ha sponsorizzato centinaia di bambini e famiglie e distribuito oltre 13 milioni di dollari dal 2005.
Vantaggi della donazione aziendale
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- Brand Building: migliora l'immagine pubblica della tua attività per coltivare legami più profondi all'interno della comunità.
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- Aumento delle vendite, della fedeltà dei clienti e del coinvolgimento dei dipendenti: gli studi dimostrano che i clienti e i dipendenti preferiscono le aziende che restituiscono, aumentando le vendite e creando una cultura aziendale di beneficenza.
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- Vantaggi fiscali: I contributi di beneficenza effettuati attraverso la tua attività possono comportare maggiori risparmi fiscali. Consulta oggi stesso il tuo consulente fiscale!
Non c'è sensazione migliore che dare una mano a chi ha bisogno. Nelle parole di Sevan, un orfano di 12 anni che SOAR sponsorizza in Libano, “Sono grato che SOAR mi abbia aiutato in tutti questi anni ad andare a scuola e imparare. Sono stato a Birds' Nest per otto anni e sono grato a tutti coloro che mi hanno aiutato, compreso te! Grazie mille! Che Dio ti benedica e sia sempre con te. Per favore, non dimenticarmi."
SOAR ha in atto un solido programma di donazioni aziendali, inclusa una suite completa di vantaggi aziendali per promuovere la tua attività in tutto il mondo. Con la tua assistenza, gli armeni orfani supportati da SOAR possono realizzare il loro potenziale come membri sani, responsabili e coinvolti della nostra comunità.
Non vediamo l'ora di lavorare a stretto contatto con te per raggiungere i tuoi obiettivi filantropici, contribuendo nel contempo a sensibilizzare l'opinione pubblica su SOAR.
Si prega di indirizzare le richieste a George S. Yacoubian, Jr., all'indirizzo [email protected].İçindekiler
Davranışsal Finans Teorileri
Davranışsal Finans Teorileri, kavramının merkezinde olan bazı teorileri incelemeden önce, iktisadi teorinin bu dalına daha geniş bir açıdan bakmaya çalışalım . Eğitimin bu bölümünde, davranışsal finansın geleneksel finans ile nasıl karşılaştırıldığını inceleyeceğiz. Daha sonra sizi alana katkı sağlayan üç önemli kişiyle tanıştıracağız. Bölümün sonunda ise bir eleştirmenin bakış açısından davranışsal finansa bir göz atacağız.
Davranışsal finans teorileri neden gereklidir?
Açıklamak gerekirse, finansı tanımlamak için “geleneksel” veya “modern” gibi etiketler kullandığımızda, mantığa ve rasyonel teorilere dayanan finans türüne atıfta bulunuruz. Bunlar arasında sermaye varlık fiyatlandırma modeli (CAPM: Capital Assets Pricing Model) ve etkin piyasa hipotezi (EMH: Efficient Market Hypothesis) gibi teoriler bulunmaktadır. Bu gibi teoriler, bir ekonomideki katılımcıların, çoğunlukla, rasyonel ve öngörülebilir davranışlar sergilediğini öne sürer.
Teorik ve ampirik kanıtlar, CAPM, EMH ve diğer geleneksel finansal teorilerinin belirli ekonomik olayları tahmin etmede ve açıklamakta bir ölçüde başarılı olduğu zamanlar olmuştur. buna rağmen, zaman geçtikçe, finans ve ekonomi alanlarındaki akademisyenler gerçek dünyada meydana gelen, ancak mevcut teorilerle açıklanamayan anormallikler ve davranışlar tespit etmişlerdir. Geleneksel teorilerin belirli “idealleştirme” ile olayları açıklayabildiği, ancak gerçek dünyanın aslında çok daha karmaşık olduğu ve piyasa katılımcılarını bu modellere göre tahmin etmenin daha da zor olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Homo Economicus
Geleneksel ekonomi ve finans dünyasındaki temel varsayımlar, insanlar, doğru kararlar vererek kendi maddi refahlarını arttırmayı amaçlayan rasyonel “servet maksimizasyoncularıdır”. Geleneksel kuramlara göre, insanlar kendi duygularının ve diğer çeşitli yabancı etkenlerin kendi kararlarını altında yatan nedenlerin farkındadır ve duyguların kararlarına etki etmesine müsade etmezler.
Gerçekte ise bu varsayım, insanların nasıl davranmaya eğilimli olduğunu açıklayamıyor. Gerçekten de, bir ekonomide neredeyse her yatırımcı bir şekilde irrasyonel davranmaktadır. Bilinen bir örnek vermek gerekirse: Büyük bir ikramiye kazanma umuduyla kaç kişinin piyango bileti aldığını bir düşünün. Mantıken, kazanma olasılığı büyük ölçüde bilet sahibine karşıysa (piyango ikramiyesini kazanma şansı kabaca 1 milyonda 146, ya da % 0.0000006849), servet kazanmak için piyango bileti satın almak mantıklı değildir. Buna rağmen, milyonlarca insan piyangodan çıkacak parayla zengin olma umuduyla milyarlarca lira harcamaktadır.
Bunun gibi anormallikler, modern finans teorisi tarafından açıklanamayan irrasyonel ve mantıksız davranışları hesaba katmak için akademisyenleri bilişsel psikolojiye yönelmeye teşvik etmiştir. Davranış biliminin bu çabalarından doğan yeni bir alan olan “Davranışsal Finans Teorileri, eylemlerimizi davranış veya biliş çerçevesinde açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Halbuki geleneksel finans teorisi, idealize edilmiş “ ekonomik insan”ın yani Homo Economicus’un eylemlerini açıklamaya çalışır.
Davranışsal Finans Teorilerine Katkıda Bulunan Önemli Araştırmacılar
Davranışsal finans birçok araştırmacının katkıları sayesinde bugün sahip olduğu noktaya kadar gelmiştir. Aşağıda, davranışsal finansın temel teorik ve ampirik bileşenlerine en önemli katkıyı sağlayan üç bilim insanına bir göz atacağız.
Daniel Kahneman ve Amos Tversky
Kahneman ve Tversky birçok kişi tarafından davranışsal finansın babaları olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu iki bilişsel psikolog 1960’ların sonunda birbirleriyle işbirliği yapmaya başlamıştır. Sonuç olarak da bu alanda yaklaşık 200 eser yayımlamışlardır. Kahneman ve Tversky’nin çalışmalarının çoğu, çeşitli psikolojik kavramların finans alandaki davranışlarla nasıl ilişkili olduğuna odaklanmaktadır. Daniel Kahneman,2002 yılında iktisatta rasyonalite çalışmalarına katkılarından ötürü Nobel Ekonomi Ödülü’nü almıştır.
Kahneman ve Tversky, bireylerin hem irrasyonel hem de beklenmedik davranışlarda bulunmalarına neden olan bilişsel önyargı ve sezgisel (yani problem çözme yolları) konusunda uzmanlaşmıştır. En popüler ve önemli eserlerinden bazıları , bu derslerin ilerleyen bölümlerinde inceleyeceğimiz üzere beklenti teorisi ve kayıptan kaçınma hakkındaki çalışmalardır.
Richard Thaler
Kahneman ve Tversky’nin davranışsal finansın kurucuları olduğunu söylersek, Richard Thaler’in da alanın yeniden doğmasına ve ana akım haline gelmesi ne yol açan çalışmalar yapan bilim insanı olduğunu söyleyebiliriz.
Thaler’in teorileri, gerçek dünyadaki davranışlara ilişkin olarak geleneksel finans teorilerinin eksiklikleri konusunda artan bir farkındalıktan geliştirmiştir. Kahneman ve Tversky’nin bir çalışma taslağı olan “beklenti teorisi” ni okuduktan sonra Thaler, psikolojik kuramın (geleneksel finans kuramı yerine) irrasyonel davranışları hesaba katmaya daha fazşa yardımcı olabileceğinin farketmiştir.
Zamanla Thaler, ruhsal muhasebe (mental accounting), servet etkisi (endowment effect) ve insanların davranışları üzerinde etkisi olan diğer durumları, ekonomi ve finansı kapsayan psikolojik unsurlar ile birleştiren Kahneman ve Tversky ile ortak çalışmalar yapmıştır.
Davranışsal Finans Teorilerine Yapılan Eleştiriler
Davranışsal finans teorilerinin ilkelerine bağlı kalan birçok akademisyenin sayesinde, disiplin son on yıllarda büyük bir yol kat etmiştir. Buna rağmen disipline ait ilkeler de birçok eleştiri almaktadır. Örneğin, etkin piyasa hipotezini (EMH) destekleyen bazı akademisyenler davranışsal finansı ciddi ölçüde eleştirmektedir.
EMH, modern finansın temellerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, bu hipotez mantıksız yatırım ve finansal kararları açıklamamaktadır. Etkin Piyasa hipotezine göre var olan piyasa fiyatı mesela bir hissenin değeri zaten finansal varlıkla ilgili bütün bilgileri içermektedir.
Akademisyen Eugene Fama, davranışsal finans teorilerine eleştiri getiren en önemli bilim insanlarından biridir. Fama, etkin piyasa teorisini ortaya ilk atan kişidir. Fama Geleneksel finans teorisinin hesaba katmadığı bazı anormal durumlar olsa da (fiyat balonları, finansal çöküşler), etkin piyasa teorisinin, finansal piyasaları incelemek ve onların davranışlarını tahmin etmek için en iyi model olmaya devam ettiğini ileri sürmektedir.
Fama, klasik finansal teorilere özgü birçok anormal (rasyonel olmayan) durumun, zaman geçtikçe düzelen kısa vadeli tesadüfi olaylar olduğunu öne sürecek kadar uç bir iddia da bulunmaktadır. Fama, “Piyasa Verimliliği, Uzun Vadeli Getiri ve Davranışsal Finans” başlıklı 1998 tarihli makalesinde, davranışsal finansın birçok unsurunun birbiriyle çelişkili olduğunu ve “davranışsal finansın kendisinin bir irrasyonellikler topluluğu” olabileceğini öne sürmüştür. Fama’ya göre bu anormalliklerin hepsi ancak “piyasa etkinliği” kaveamı ile açıklanabilir.
Dersleri sırası ile takip etmek için aşağıdaki linkleri kullanabilirsiniz.
Ders Listesi
- DFD 1: Giriş
- DFD 2: Davranışsal Finans Teorileri
- DFD 3: Anormallikler
- DFD 4: Demirleme Teorisi
- DFD 5: Zihinsel Muhasebe
- DFD 6: Doğrulama ve Geri Görüş Önyargısı
- DFD 7: Kumarbaz Yanılgısı
- DFD 8: Sürü Davranışı
- DFD 9: Kendine fazla Güvenme
- DFD 10: Aşırı Tepki ve Kullanılabilirlik Önyargısı
- DFD 11: Olasılık Teorisi(相关资料图)
寻秦记剧情，寻秦记剧情简介很多人还不知道，现在让我们一起来看看吧！
1、《寻秦记》是香港电视广播有限公司于2001年出品的一部古装穿越科幻剧，由庄担任制片人，raymond lam、蒋华等主演。
2、该剧是首部穿越剧，改编自黄易的同名小说《寻秦记》。主要讲述了21世纪G4精英项少龙穿越回2000多年前的战国时代寻找秦始皇的故事。
3、在21世纪的未来世界，有关当局已经进行了多年的秘密研究，终于做出了世界上第一架时空穿梭机。项少龙(古天乐饰)，特种部队的精英，拥有非凡的机智和技能。巧合的是，他穿越了时空。项少龙准备开始他划时代的旅程，
4、回到2000多年前的中国战国时期，咸阳城是秦王嬴政登基之年。谁知时空穿梭机在运行中突然发生故障，被送到赵国邯郸，比秦王嬴政登基还早一年。项少龙独自住在邯郸，为了回到未来，
5、他决定竭尽全力找到嬴政，帮助他建立伟大的事业。当时，嬴政(林孟)还没有继位，还住在赵邯郸。
6、历尽千辛万苦，在赵国邯郸找到嬴政。途中帮助赵的“牧王”乌氏家族击退马贼，得到乌氏赏识，甚至得到其女儿吴()的青睐。没想到的是，这引起了正在追求吴的剑客的嫉妒。
本文到此结束，希望对大家有所帮助。
Copyright 2015-2022 全球网 版权所有 备案号：豫ICP备16036756号-6 联系邮箱：nuoxi 7979247 @sohu.comElections are the foundation of the Bhutanese Parliamentary Democracy. It is anchored on free, fair, impartial and periodic elections to be conducted by independent and impartial electoral machinery: the Election Commission. The conduct of free, fair and impartial elections depends upon three variables: namely independent and impartial electoral machinery; independent political parties and candidates; and the electorate. Besides, adult franchise, free, fair and periodic elections, and independent election machinery are prominent features of the Bhutanese democracy.
The Election Commission must realize the mandate of the Constitution and aspirations of the people to circumvent corrupt electoral practices, electoral offences, money and muscle power, and misuse of public authority and machinery. The enforcement of these ceremonious expressions of good faith is conferred to an impartial constitutional office. The Commission has requisite power to ensure that enrollment is open to all eligible voters and that casting of a vote is a reasonably accessible process. The Constitution confers universal adult suffrage, so that each and every qualified citizen is able to participate in forming the Government of choice. Every citizen should be given the opportunity, as a right, to express his or her views and desire. No person should use coercion and intimidation or deny freedom of the voters in making their choices. Finally, there has to be a system and stipulated time to ensure that votes are counted fairly and accurately. Therefore, His Majesty Jigme Singye Wangchuck, the Fourth Druk Gyalpo, decreed that:
“The office of the Election Commission is a very important Constitutional post and it is imperative to build a strong foundation for implementing the functions of this post while we are in the process of establishing democratic practices and norms in our country. The Chief Election Commissioner must carry out his responsibilities with the highest level of loyalty and dedication to the Government and the people without any distinction or discrimination between regions, Dzongkhags and Gewogs, and establish a strong electoral system for the present and future interest of the country.” 164
The Chief Election Commissioner is the instrument of democracy with fidelity to the Constitution professed through his Oath of Office. His actions and philosophy should be democratic and conscience of public confidence. His power starts with the dissolution of the Government and ends with installment of the new Government.
Contributed by Sonam Tobgye, Thrimchi Lyonpo
To be continued
161 Desk Review of Bhutan’s Draft Constitution with Respect to Parliamentary, Electoral and Political Party Systems by Dr Benjamin Reilly on 2 June 2005 for UNDP.
162 Public consultation in Sarpang on 11/2/2006.
163 Public consultation in Bumthang on 21/5/2006.
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را داشته باشد.
امنیت را افزایش می دهد
امنیت در سیستم شبکه اهمیت بالایی دارد. رک سرور باید کاملا امن باشد و قفل هایی داشته باشد که اجازه دسترسی به تجهیزات را تنها برای افراد مجاز فراهم می کند. برخی از رک ها دارای یک قفل جلویی و یک قفل جانبی هستند و برای ارتقاء امنیت در آنها می توان به روزرسانی هایی را انجام داد تا امکان دسترسی غیر مجاز کاملا از بین برود.
تعمیر و نگهداری را آسان می کند
رک سرور باید تعمیر و نگهداری روزمره را به یک فرآیند آسان تبدیل کند. بعضی از رک ها به گونه ای طراحی شده اند که می توان درب آن ها را برای ایجاد دسترسی آسان به تجهیزات کاملا برداشت. اگر از بابت امنیت مشکلی ایجاد نشود، این حالت تهویه هوا در اتاق سرور را نیز بهبود می بخشد.
عملکرد بهتر سرور
سرور یک سیستم الکترونیکی است که گرما ایجاد می کند. رک سرور باید فضای مناسبی داشته باشد تا هوای معتدل درون آن جریان داشته باشد.
از آنجا که رک سرور از فلز ساخته شده است، ممکن است خیلی سریع گرم شود. داشتن رک با چندین منفذ، می تواند فرآیند ورود هوا به داخل و خنک شدن سرور را تسریع کند. اگر مشکل جریان هوا حل شود، از مشکلاتی مانند گرمای بیش از حد اتاق سرور نیز جلوگیری می شود.
انواع رک سرور
چند نوع رک سرور برای انتخاب و استفاده در دیتاسنتر وجود دارد. توجه به نیاز شرکت و همچنین فضای موجود در دیتاسنتر برای نصب رک سرور بسیار مهم است.
ابتدایی ترین نوع رک، رک دو دیواره است. این رک ها معمولاً به زمین متصل شده و در صورت نیاز به پشتیبانی بیشتر به دیوار تکیه داده می شوند. این نوع رک سرور برای نصب بلوک های پانچ شده به پایین و تجهیزات شبکه مانند سوئیچ ها، روترها و فایروال ها ایده آل هستند. همچنین می توان از ریل های مخصوص برای نصب برخی از سرورهای نصب شده بر روی رک نیز استفاده کرد.
قفسه های چهار دیواره انعطاف پذیری بیشتری دارند. این رک ها شبیه به رک های دو دیواره هستند. با این تفاوت که معمولا به هم متصل هستند. این شرایط امکان استفاده از گزینه های بیشتری مانند قفسه ها، جعبه های صفحه کلید، پایه مانیتور و موارد دیگر که وزن بیشتری دارند را نیز فراهم می کند.
در صورتی که نیاز به تحرک و انتقال رک های سرور وجود داشته باشد، می توان از رک های چرخدار استفاده نمود. سرورها و تجهیزات شبکه دقیقاً مانند یک قفسه چهار دیواره، در داخل این قفسه ها نصب می شود. سپس می توان کل رک را با استفاده از چرخ های نصب شده در قسمت پایین به راحتی جابجا کرد.
محفظه های کابینت گزینه دیگری برای کسب و کار هایی هستند که نیاز به امنیت بیشتری برای سرورها و مانیتورینگ شبکه خود دارند. این کابینت ها همان پیکربندی یک قفسه چهار دیواره را دارند، اما توسط یک کابینت که می تواند از قسمت جلو، پشت و گاهی اوقات بغل قفل شودمحصور شده اند. این امر باعث می شود نصب و دسترسی به تجهیزات همیشه آسان باشد. محفظه قفل شده باعث می شود تجهیزات شما در برابر سرقت و دسترسی غیرمجاز فیزیکی محافظت شود.
چیدمان رک اتاق سرور
آرایش رک ها و سایر تجهیزات اتاق سرور نقش مهمی در مصرف بهینه انرژی و بهرهوری دیتا سنتر دارد.
مدیریت کابل ها در رک سرور
مدیریت کابل رک سرور ارتباط مستقیمی با ایمنی سخت افزار دارد. تمام تجهیزات در حال اجرا بر روی رک سرور باعث ایجاد گرما می شوند، بنابراین سازماندهی آنها به بهبود جریان هوا و مدیریت سخت افزار و تجهیزات اتاق سرور کمک خواهد کرد.
آرایش رک سرور
آرایش رک سرور قبل از نصب همه تجهیزات از اهمیت ویژه ای در اتاق های سرور با تراکم بالای رک برخوردار است. باید مشخص کنید که لازم است چه چیزهایی را در رک قرار دهید و نقشه دقیق محل قرار گیری این مولفه ها را مشخص کنید. این مرحله می تواند از جابجایی تجهیزات بعد از مرحله نصب جلوگیری کند.
محل استقرار تجهیزات
استقرار صحیح تجهیزات در رک برای به حداکثر رساندن فضای داخل رک و اجازه دسترسی آسان، حیاتی است. باید قبل از نصب، برنامه کامل نصب تجهیزات در رک سرور را تهیه کنید، از جمله برنامه هایی برای گسترش در آینده. به طور کلی، سنگین ترین تجهیزات در قسمت پایین رک قرار می گیرند، تجهیزاتی مانند سیستم های UPS و باتری های خارجی و سرورهای بزرگتر.
کاهش دما
با افزایش تراکم تجهیزات رک، کاهش دما به یک عامل مهم تبدیل می شود. افزایش دما می تواند منجر به افزایش مصرف برق و افزایش بیشتر خرابی تجهیزات شود. با استفاده از سنسور دما می توانید همیشه از دمای اتاق سرور اطلاع داشته باشید.
پنل پچ
پنل های پچ، امکان اتصالات کابلی با تراکم بالا و با صرفه جویی در فضا را فراهم می کند. استفاده از پنل های پچ به عنوان بخشی از سیستم کابل کشی ساختار یافته، هزینه های نگهداری و خطاهای نصب و پیکربندی را کاهش می دهد. پنل پچ فیبرو پنل پچ مس به ترتیب در پچ کردن کابل های فیبر و مس استفاده می شوند.Korkanların belli taktikleri var
Yeni bir araştırmaya göre, kendilerine farklı davranılacağını düşünen insanlar üyesi oldukları topluluğu en iyi biçimde yansıtmaya çalışıyor.
Söz gelimi, aşırı kilolu bir kişi şişmanların hantal oldukları yönündeki basmakalıp görüşü silmek için giyimine aşırı bir özen gösterebilir. Siyahilerin şiddete eğilimli olduklarıyla ilgili önyargıya alışkın bir siyahi daha çok gülümseyerek bunu yok etmeye çalışabilir. Söz konusu araştırma insanların belli kalıpların ayrımında olduklarını ve bunlarla baş etmeye çalıştıklarını ortaya koyuyor. Araştırmayı yürüten Arizona Eyalet Üniversitesi lisansüstü öğrencisi Rebecca Neel verdiği bir demeçte, “Önyargı kavramı çoğu zaman basit ve tek bir olgu başka toplulukların üyesi olanlara duyulan genel bir nefret- olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Oysa, son dönemde yapılan araştırmalar önyargının gerçekte çok farklı türleri olduğunu ortaya koyuyor,” yorumunu yaptı.
Bir başka deyişle, insanlar aşırı kilolulardan yalnızca hoşlanmamakla kalmayıp, onları pasaklı ve özdenetimden yoksun kişiler olarak değerlendirerek basmakalıp bir sınıflandırmaya da tabi tutuyorlar. Noel ve arkadaşları araştırma kapsamında kendilerini aşırı kilolu ya da normal kilolu olarak tanımlayan 75 üniversite öğrencisinden yararlandılar.
Deneklere gelişigüzel seçecekleri üç demografik toplulukla ilgili sorulara yanıt vermeleri gerektiği söylendi; gerçekte, tümüne de sorulan sorular Müslümanlar, Meksika kökenli Amerikalılar ve obezlerle ilgiliydi. Deneklerden yeni biriyle tanıştıklarını varsaymaları ve ardından bu kişinin üzerinde iyi bir izlenim yaratmak için kendilerine sunulan buluşmaya zamanında gelmek, giyimine özen göstermek, gülümsemek, dingin bir görünüm sergilemek gibi seçeneklerden hangilerini yeğleyeceklerini belirtmeleri de istendi. Ancak kimi denekler önce toplulukla ilgili sorulara yanıt verdiklerinden, kendilerine ilk izlenimle ilgili sorular yöneltildiğinde kafalarında toplulukla ilintili kalıplar vardı. Geri kalanlar da araştırmayı ters yönde tamamlamışlardı.
KALIPLAR DEĞİŞİYOR
Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar belli kalıplara sokma düşüncesinin insanların davranışlarını değiştirdiğini ortaya koyuyordu. Obezlerle ilgili soruları ilk aşamada yanıtlayan aşırı kilolu denekler arasında iyi bir ilk izlenim için “temiz giyinmenin” son derece önemli olduğu görüşü çok daha yaygındı. Kalıpların önceden anlaklarına kazınmasına olanak verilmeyen normal kilolu ve aşırı kilolu denekler arasında ise olumlu bir izlenim için dakikliğe öncelik verenlerin çok daha yaygın olduğu görüldü. Araştırmacılar ikinci bir çalışmada da aynı deneyi bu kez aşırı kilolu erkeklere ve siyah erkeklere uyguladılar. Kalıplar önceden sunulduğunda, aşırı kilolu erkeklerin iyi bir ilk izlenim için öncelikle derli toplu ve temiz bir giyinmek gerektiğine dikkat çektikleri görüldü. Kendileriyle ilgili olarak çoğu zaman şiddet yanlısı ve asosyal oldukları yönünde bir önyargının egemen olduğu siyah erkeklerin de güleryüze öncelik tanıdıklarına tanık olundu. Neel, “Kendilerine leke sürülmüş toplulukların üyeleri bu tür olumsuz duygulara hedef olacakları beklentisiyle kendilerini çok farklı biçimlerde sunmaya çalışabilirler,” diyor.
Basmakalıp görüşlerin birçoğu zarar verirken, kimileri en azından belli topluluklar için- yararlı olabilir. 2010 Eylülünde yayımlanan bir araştırmada kendilerine (asılsız bir biçimde) cinsiyetlerinin yön bulma konusunda üstün olduğu söylenen erkeklerin yol bulma ve benzeri işlerde kendilerine böylesine bir güven desteği verilmeyenlere kıyasla daha başarılı oldukları görüldü. Öte yandan, bağlı oldukları topluluğun belli bir alanda kötü olduğu (söz gelimi, matematik dalında kadınlar) söylendiğinde o kişilerin gerçekten de başarısız oldukları görüldü. Ruhbilim uzmanları bu olguya stereotip tehdidi adını veriyorlar.
BİLİM TEKNOLOJİ EKİآی اسپورت- فیفا هفته گذشته برگزاری جام جهانی با 48 تیم را به تصویب رساند. این نخستین تغییر مهم در جهان فوتبال بود که پس از حضور جیانی اینفانتینو به عنوان رییس جدید فیفا در جهان فوتبال افتاد اما گویا آخرین تغییر نخواهد بود. بالاترین نهاد فوتبال در حال بررسی تغییراتی در قوانین این ورزش است که اگر این اتفاق ها رخ دهد تحول عظیمی در فوتبال رخ خواهد داد. مارکو فان باستن که در سپتامبر سال گذشته (2016) به عنوان مدیر کل فیفا انتخاب شد در این باره با مجله اسپورت بیلد صحبت کرد که به آن ها اشاره می شود.
تواناییهای فردی به جای وقت های اضافه
فان باستن گفت: پس از تساوی دو تیم در بازی های حذفی ضربات پنالتی به کار گرفته نخواهد شد و توانایی های بازیکنان تیم برنده را مشخص خواهد کرد. در این روش دروازه بان و مهاجم در فاصله 25 متری رو به رو هم قرار خواهند گرفت. بازیکن تنها هشت ثانیه فرصت ضربه زدن خواهد داشت و دروازه بان اجازه خروج از محوطه جریمه را نخواهد داشت. هر تیم می تواند پنج بار از این روش برای گلزنی استفاده کند.
حذف آفساید از فوتبال
فان باستن گفت: متاسفانه فوتبال هر لحظه بیشتر به هندبال شبیه می شود. کنجکاوم بدانم فوتبال بدون آفساید چگونه می شود. هاکی یخ نمونه خوبی در این رابطه است و تیم ها به مرور زمان خود را با نبود آفساید وفق خواهند داد. بازی ها جذاب تر خواهند شد. مهاجمان فرصت های بیشتری برای گلزنی خواهند داشت و بازی ها پر گل تر خواهد شد. این همان چیزی است که هواداران دوست دارند تماشا کنند.
اخراج به روش قوانین هندبال
یکی از ویژگی های رقابت های هندبال که فان باستن را جذب می کند قانون اخراج است. این روش می تواند جایگزین کارت های زرد شود. مدیر کل فیفا درباره محرومیت پنج تا 10 دقیقه ای گفت: بازی کردن با 10 بازیکن برابر تیم 11 نفره سخت است.
پنج خطا شدن
فان باستن ایده پنج خطا شدن بازیکنان در بسکتبال را در نظر دارد: هر بازیکن تنها می تواند پنج خطا انجام دهد در غیر این صورت باید زمین بازی را ترک کند.
پایان دادن به اعتراض ها
بازیکن پیشین تیم ملی هلند می خواهد به اعتراض بازیکن ها به داور پایان دهد. او در این باره گفت: همچون راگبی تنها کاپیتان حق اعتراض به داور را داشته باشد.
10 دقیقه پایانی و توقف زمان
فیفا برای پایان دادن به وقت کشی قصد دارد از زمان مفید بهره ببرد. فان باستن گفت: 10 دقیقه پایانی بازی به صورت زمان مفید محاسبه خواهد شد.
کاهش بازی های رسمی
در حالی که فیفا افزایش تیم های جام جهانی را تثبیت کرده است فان باستن درباره کاهش بازی های رسمی گفت: مشکل مالی وجود ندارد و تنها تعداد بازی ها در جهان فوتبال زیاد است. باید تمرکزمان روی کیفیت بازی ها باشد و باید تعداد بازی های رسمی را از 80 به 50 برسانیم.
فصل گذشته تیم ملی پرتغال 18 بازی رسمی و دوستانه در فیفا دی انجام داد. یک تیم اسپانیایی ممکن است در یک فصل 67 بازی انجام دهد.
تغییر در تعویض
سرمربی پیشین آژاکس اظهار کرد: درباره تغییر در تعویض ها باید شرایط را بسنجیم و بیش از همه وضعیت کمک داور را در نظر بگیریم. این اتفاق می تواند در رده های پایین تر رخ دهد. باید داور هر لحظه از حضور بازیکنان درون زمین آگاهی داشته باشد.
افزایش تعویض ها
فان باستن طرفدار افزایش تعویض ها است اما این کار ممکن است باعث از دست رفتن زمان بازی شود. مدیر کل فیفا گفت: انجام یک یا دو تعویض در وقت های اضافه ایده خوبی است.
تیمهای هشت نفره
این روش در اسپانیا و در تیم های پایه امتحان شده است.Duration: 3'30" |
Ensemble: Children's voices piano trumpet
Remembered was written in response to finding out, 100 years after the beginning of the conflict, about a lost
relative who fought and died in the First World War. William Pettigrew Waller landed in France on 30th September 1916, but
was only to see a month of fighting with the London Scottish Regiment when he was killed by enemy shells on October 28th.
His father, Christopher, was also serving in France at that time, as a Private in the Queen's Regiment. He survived the war
and received his son's pocketbook, watch and chain on his return to England.
The music and lyrics of Remembered, though quite simplistic in style, encourage the generation of today not to forget the sacrifices of the past. The trumpet's version of Last Post that joins the descant towards the end of the piece makes for an emotive final chorus.Mining Publication: Impact on Respirable Dust Levels When Operating a Flooded-bed Scrubber in 20-foot Cuts
Original creation date: December 2013
Underground coal mining companies that operate continuous miner sections often apply to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) for approval to take extended cuts to depths of up to 40 ft as a means of improving productivity. Historically, MSHA has granted approval of this practice if the mine has successfully demonstrated the ability to control the roof, methane, and respirable dust while extracting these extended cuts. A key component for controlling dust generated by continuous miners in 40-ft cuts has been the utilization of flooded-bed scrubbers. These fan-powered scrubbers pull dust-laden air from the mining face and remove respirable dust particles by passing the collected air through a wetted filter panel. The filtered air is then discharged back into the mine atmosphere. To effectively use scrubbers in faces that employ exhaust ventilation, the return ventilation curtain or tubing should be located outby the scrubber discharge on the continuous miner, which results in a setback distance from the face of approximately 40 ft. Over the last several years, MSHA has emphasized that mines demonstrate effective dust control before granting approvals for taking extended cuts with extended curtain setbacks. Each mine operator must successfully demonstrate control of workers’ dust exposures in standard 20-ft cuts before MSHA considers approving extended cuts.
The goal of the research conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) was to compare dust levels generated in 20-ft cuts when using traditional exhaust face ventilation without a scrubber to dust levels in 20-ft cuts when using extended curtain setbacks with a scrubber operating. Dust surveys were completed at three mines, with area and personal sampling conducted to quantify respirable dust concentrations on a cut-by-cut basis. Dust sampling results did not show a statistically significant difference (Wilcoxon two-sample test, α = 0.05) in respirable dust concentrations between these two test conditions (scrubber-on and scrubber-off) at the continuous miner or shuttle car sampling locations at the face. However, with the scrubber operating, respirable dust concentrations in the return airstream downwind of the continuous miner showed reductions of 91%, 86%, and 40% at Mines A, B, and C, respectively. The reductions at Mines A and B were found to be statistically significant when using the Wilcoxon test. Likewise, reductions in respirable quartz dust levels in the continuous miner return were observed at all three mines, with statistically significant reductions of over 80% observed at Mines A and B. Although operation of the flooded-bed scrubber did not impact respirable dust levels in the face area, it did significantly reduce respirable and quartz dust levels downwind of the continuous miner. Consequently, operation of the flooded-bed scrubbers, in conjunction with the dust controls required in the MSHA-approved ventilation plans at these mines, was advantageous from a respirable dust control perspective.
Authors: JF Colinet, WR Reed, J Potts
Report of Investigations - December 2013
NIOSHTIC2 Number: 20043447
Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2014-105, RI 9693, 2013 Dec; :1-59.
- Best Practices for Controlling Respirable Dust in Coal Mines
- Control of Respirable Dust
- Dust Underfoot: Enclosed Cab Floor Heaters Can Significantly Increase Operator's Respirable Dust Exposure
- Evaluation of the Approach to Respirable Quartz
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growth and making laws to control its spread. In 2007, it was reported by the World Health Organization that the number of AIDS patients in Pakistan is 70,000 – 90,000 and the number is continuously increasing. It is estimated that by now about 30 – 50 million people are affected by this fatal disease over the world and out of that over 3 million are children.
- Laziness, loose motion, and restlessness are its initial symptoms.
- Due to HIV infection, the respiratory system of the patients becomes fail to wake properly and feel difficult to breathe.
- It causes a severe cough and chest pain.
- Swelling of the Lymph nodes of the body; their size increase to 1.5 cm and the swelling of nodes cause a high fever (100.2 ? F ) and pain in the body but during starting days of the disease the temperature is not that much high.
- HIV is a viral and fungal infection that causes many skin problems like rashes and dark spots.
- The patient could have a severe headache that cannot be cure with the painkillers.
- The functioning of patients internal systems becomes improper.
Diagnosis of AIDS:
Forgetting antibodies of HIV infection, many tests are conducted. The samples are collected from the blood of a patient but one should consult the expert doctors for the diagnosis.
Causes of AIDS:
- AIDS is a contagious disease that transmits from one person to other through the blood or in other liquid forms. The unsafe sexual relation is the major reason for Aids.
- HIV spread through the infected syringe and other tools.
- If the mother is HIV positive then there are chances that the virus can be transferred to the baby through mothers’ milk.
One should avoid unsafe physical relation and always buy a new syringe for injection. For piercing, sterilize the needle to kill the germs and do the same for making the tattoos. Do not get the blood from an unsafe and unreliable source.Undecorated: Heroines of the Civil War
Caroline Le Count
Long before Rosa Parks' bus, there was Caroline Le Count's streetcar. Learn how this courageous African American fought for her civil rights in the streets of Philadelphia.
Hettie Shriver fled Gettsyburg with her children, taking refuge on a hill called Little Round Top. Read how Hettie and her family made it through the battle...and what she found when she finally returned home.
Susan Ritter Trautwine McManus
Susan Trautwine dedicated herself to comforting wounded soldiers in local hospitals, but she never forgot the ones who needed just as much support: the family members who couldn't be there.
Anna Elizabeth Dickinson
For Anna Elizabeth Dickinson, keeping quiet was not an option. In fact, she made a whole career out of voicing her opinion. Learn about her fans, her fame, and of course, the gossip that followed her everywhere.
Jane Grey Swisshelm
Jane Grey Swisshelm's printing presses were set aflame not once but two times. Of course, she'd already survived family tragedy and divorce – she wasn't about to let arson slow her down.
Mary "Mammy" Ruggles
Read how Mammy Ruggles kept her wits about her during the invasion of York – and how she kept the U.S. flag from falling into Confederate hands.
At the end of the Battle of Gettysburg, Sarah Broadhead emerged from her cellar. What she saw should have sent her running back into it. Find out what she did instead.
Elizabeth Schwalm cared for five children under the age of five while running the family farm in her husband's absence. Many would say this qualifies her as a war hero.
Marie Brose Tepe Leonard
Not even a bullet to the ankle or her thieving husband and his soldier friends would keep this determined woman off the battlefield. Learn how Marie Tepe earned the nickname "French Mary."What is a NTC thermistor?
By definition – NTC thermistors are highly sensitive thermal resistors that respond very quickly to rapid changes in temperature- the word thermistor itself is a contraction of “thermal” and “resistor”.
NTC thermistors are so-called because of the resistance of an NTC decreases with an increasing temperature and their R-T (Resistance – Temperautre) is very accurately defined. The R-T accuracy combined with the fast rate of change (compared to RTDs and thermocouples) makes them ideal to incorporate in electronics control circuitry
Simply put, NTC thermistors are often the ‘basic’ temperature sensing elements found in a high percentage of temperature sensors assemblies and thermal probes, extensively used across numerous industries.
Benefits of using an NTC Thermistor?
NTC’s are frequently used in temperature sensing applications because they offer the following advantages;
- Highly accurate with very quick response times to small changes in temperature.
- Their R-T (Resistance – Temperature) characteristic is very well defined and can be readily programmed.
- High level of stability and repeatability.
- Lower cost to accuracy ratio than other sensor types
- Available in a wide choice of form formats and sensor assemblies to suit applications or manufacturing.
This makes them the temperature sensor of choice for numerous applications including fire & safety, medical, consumer appliance, and e-mobility applications.
There are numerous variables you could consider when selecting the right NTC for your application – these are a good place to start!
Many of our thermistor designs have become industry benchmarks, with 1% resistance tolerances or better as standard:
our high accuracy AP and SP series NTCs offer interchangeable, R-T curve matched temperature accuracy from 0~70°C or wider.
Depending on your application, we offer small bead Semitec NT glass encapsulated thermistors for moisture resistance, and accurate high temperature monitoring from -50° C to + 300° C. Our miniature Semitec FT SMD outperforms conventional SMD thermistors due to their miniature size, extreme thinness and high heat resistance
These are NTCs which have flexible insulation to help simplify product assembly or provide unique monitoring solutions. Using flexible thermistors will help to speed up assembly and thus minimise production handling costs., particularly in space-critical projects. Their small bead size give faster, accurate sensing and/or temperature control in numerous domestic and commercial applications. Our most popluar flexible NTCs include the Semitec AT-4 and Semitec JT
For surface mount applications, our SMD KT series NTC chips and ultra thin-film FT thermistors offer miniature sensor control options with package sizes down to EIA 0402 (EIAJ 1005) or smaller. These very small sizes ensure a fast response to temperature change.
Our popular rigid-lead /pcb/ through hole NTCs are ideal for PCB mounting and incorporation into temperature sensors. When SMDs cannot offer the accuracy required, our radial lead designs can sense or control down to ±0.2°C or better. A comprehensive range of R25 resistance values, B values and bespoke lengths, also in tape/reel format.
If your application requires an NTC within specific housing ATC Semitec offer a range of temperature sensor assemblies designed to fit your application – IP67/IP88 rated waterproof sensor assemblies, ring terminal assemblies for surface temperature sensing and immersion, in-line and clip-on temperature sensors for water/liquid temperature monitoring.
Click here for our complete range
Need more general technical information about Thermistors ? Click here to visit our Frequently Asked Questions page, or have a quick read of a recent blog.
Call us today on 01606 871680 or complete the Contact us form, to discuss your application’s thermal sensor requirements. Using our extensive technical knowledge and innovative supplier base, we will work with you to provide the optimum solution for your product.小爱家庭背景及个人经历
小爱
出生于新疆阿克苏市，大学时期同宿舍另外三人组成cucn201配音组合，并制作《搞笑漫画日和》中文配音系列。
创造了如“给力”这样的流行词汇，因此为网友熟知。小爱毕业后在上海台工作，一年后开始北漂生活，随后与白客
一同签约万合天宜，向导演和演员的方向发展，并参演多部网络影
视作品。
小爱个人资料简介 小爱家庭背景及个人经历
小爱演艺经历
2010年，获得江苏卫视
百度网络沸点年度创意搭档，和摩登上海潮盛典年度潮流关键词奖。2011年12月21日，导演微电影《意外》。
2012年8月10日，执导并出演喜剧电影《那些年狂追我的女孩》。12月6日，出演《释魔杖》和《搞笑漫画日和》的配音。同年，和叫兽易小星
共同执导微电影《意外》。
2013年8月6日，出演万合天宜与优酷出品共同出品的迷你剧《万万没想到
》。12月19日，在《报告老板！》中饰演一位奇才编剧、陈真等角色，在番外篇中饰演的死神，并演唱《死神叫》。
小爱个人资料简介 小爱演艺经历
2014年1月4日，出演《万万没想到之小兵过年》。在同年5月29日播出的网络剧《高科技少女喵》中，饰演了主角李柯南的远房大表哥。7月1日，出演《万万没想到第二季》，并为《十万个冷笑话》配音，7月23出演了网络剧《学姐知道》。11月20，主演的网络剧《报告老板！贺岁篇》播出，继续出演奇才王牌
编剧。
2015年2月25日，主演由至尊玉
执导的古装推理单元喜剧《名侦探狄仁杰》，小爱在剧中将饰演智力超群、却生性自由散漫、极度自恋的狄仁杰。2015年9月24日，参演由马诗歌指导的民国奇闻喜剧《大侠黄飞鸿》。
小爱个人资料简介 小爱演艺经历
2016年，主演唯美仙侠系列网络电影《调香师》，在片场迎来了自己的30岁生日。同年12月，参演由万合天宜制作的原创科学武侠大剧《西涯侠》，饰演苍穹派少主岳昊。
2017年，小爱与孔连顺一同为《鲜肉老师》献唱宣传曲MV《你服气最好》。2017年7月27日上映的“建国三部曲”系列的第三部《建军大业
》中饰演叶剑英。
小爱个人资料简介 小爱演艺经历
小爱媒体评价
与白客同属cucn201组合的小爱，他既是气质优雅的儒士，又是帅气逼人的纯爷们，内敛兼豪放，被誉为中国好帅哥的典范（腾讯网评）。
如果要给《万万没想到》中的所有男演员按照帅气程度做一个排名的话，小爱一定是数一数二的。而观众们眼中的“万合美男子”小爱，拥有的不仅是帅气的脸庞，身为公司内容部总监的他也是万合天宜创作的智囊（凤凰网评）。
他性感中略带一点中二，能温情也能耍宝，被粉丝称做“几千万个人里也只有你
一个”。他务实却很低调，担得了创作主力也力求精益求精，被导演叫兽易小星比作剧组中“沉稳的存在”。其实小爱在现实中是一个比较低调的人物，他算不上最活跃，但是却可以说是最暖心（新华娱乐评）。David Golumbia, bitcoin savunucularını etkileyen fikirlerin, en iyi bitcoin belgeseli netflix Liberty Lobby ve John Birch Society ve muhalif-Merkez Bankası boş konuşması veya daha taze Ron Paul ve Çay Partisi tarzı liberterizm gibi sağ uç aşırılık yanlısı hareketlerden ortaya çıktığını söylüyor.
Hiç şüphe yok ki, en iyi bitcoin belgeseli netflix rush'ın dijital para birimlerine katılmanın yüzlerce yolu var, sadece bitcoin exchange web sitesi kripto para birimlerinin gelecekteki gelişimi için önemli bir büyüklüğe sahip.By Dan W. Peery
In the early days of Oklahoma the writer remembers having heard an enthusiastic and verbose public orator say, "A whole lot of things have come to pass that would not have come to pass if certain things had not transpired." This was self-evident and would admit of no argument for most every event depends upon something that has gone before. Small and apparently inconsequential events often change the trend of individual lives. The plans, ambitions and future careers that are cherished by youth are often turned awry, and the mature man finds himself an altogether different person with different thoughts and different ideals. Sometimes human destiny is but the culmination of a long series of events and, so it would seem, the future of a whole people is determined by unforseen things which at the time seemed of but little consequence.
Oklahoma as we know it today is but the culmination of a long series of events—events that were not co-ordinated and did not seem to have any relation to each other. It is certain that neither the politicians, who had in mind only temporary expediency, nor the statesmen who had broader views of government, looking to the future, and whose ideals were based upon eternal principles, ever intended that the country now known as Oklahoma should be settled by the white race and admitted to the Union as one of the sovereign states. This thought was too far ahead for the men who were making the laws in the first half of the 19th century. Was not a great and rich state here in the land of the west ordained by an over-ruling Providence, running like a thread through all these events tending to one end—the adding of the 46th star to the American flag? Oklahoma was certainly not an accident. Then it must have been destiny—a decree of Providence that could not have been averted by treaties or by laws created by legislative bodies.
It would seem almost providential that Oklahoma and in fact the country west of the Mississippi is included in the United
States of America, rather than being a part of the Spanish domain or a colony of France or else a part of the British possession. When President Jefferson nominated Robert R. Livingston, "an able and honorable man," to quote the words of Jefferson, as minister plenipotentiary to France for the purpose of negotiating a treaty with France that would give the United States possession of the mouth of the Mississippi River and make the river free for the commerce of America, France had only recently acquired the country west of the Mississippi from Spain. In fact the transfer had not been entirely closed. It has been said that, at that time, one-third of our agricultural exports were shipped from the port at the mouth of the Mississippi, and in the past our government had been having some misunderstanding with Spain as to our exports from New Orleans. Secretary of State, Madison, in a letter to our Minister to Spain speaks of "the spoilations committed on our trade, for which Spain is held responsible, are known to be already of great amount," and to have an understanding with France as to our rights on the river and at the shipping port was one object to be included in a treaty with France. We have no records official or unofficial that President Jefferson gave Robert R. Livingston plenary authority to buy all the land west of the Mississippi included in the territory that now constitutes fourteen states in the Union. What the private understanding was as to the negotiations with the diplomats of France will always be in doubt. Jefferson was a strict constructionist and he had never found any authority granted in the constitution that would authorize the president to buy another country,—nor had he found anything in that instrument that would prevent the sovereign authority from buying a continent. Livingston found everything favorable and the proposition of buying the whole of Louisiana practically fell into his hands. While these negotiations were pending Jefferson appointed James Monroe, with full power to represent the United States, to assist Livingston in negotiating the deal for the "cession of New Orleans and Florida to the United States and the establishment of the Mississippi as the boundary between the United States and Louisiana." It was quite evident that the administration at Washington did not know the extent of the treaty and the vast domain that Livingston was negotiating for in the treaty. In fact the negotiations between Livingston representing the United States and Napoleon,
represented by his sagacious diplomat, Talleyrand, had been practically agreed upon before the arrival of Monroe. When Monroe arrived he fully approved of Livingston's agreement with the French government. It would seem by reading the story of the Louisiana purchase that even our representatives were not so anxious to secure the whole of that vast territory, but they were getting what they went after, and this great unknown part of the country was wished off on them. Could this, while anxious to acquire everything west of the Mississippi, yet seeming not to want it, have been Livingston's shrewd way of trading? That Livingston did fully realize the plenary importance of the treaty, I will quote from his own words: "We have lived long but this is the noblest work of our whole lives."
The western boundary of that vast country was not known, but in a general way it was to extend to the mountains. When that great treaty was signed April 30, 1803, the United States came into possession of all the country from the Mississippi west as far as Spain made claims before that Nation sold Louisiana to France. Somewhere along the south line of the domain conveyed was the future Oklahoma. The signing of this treaty was the initial movement that not only made Oklahoma a state in the Union, but also added Missouri, Iowa, Arkansas, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Louisiana, and while the western boundary line is indefinite, yet a part of Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, North Dakota and Minnesota was also included in the bounds of the Louisiana purchase. Although it would be useless to try to surmise, yet if the United States had not acquired this vast territory, it would now either be a French colony or else belong to Great Britain and be a part of the Dominion of Canada and Oklahoma—Oh, well, it would be profitless to surmise further!
This treaty had hardly been ratified until a movement was started to remove all the Indians east of the Mississippi to the newly acquired land in the west. Even Jefferson expressed himself often that if he could move the Indians west and found a new Indian territory west of the river, it would remove the immediate cause of Indian wars. Probably the reason that appealed mostly to those early settlers was, if the Indians were removed west, their reservations could be settled upon by white people and the danger of future Indian wars would be abated.
The government at once began negotiations with the chiefs of the many tribes of Indians that had their reservations around the great lakes and in Illinois, Wisconsin, and even in New York, to exchange their lands for land west of
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chi S, Meyrat R, et al. Combined herbal preparation for topical treatment of Herpes labialis. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2001;8:373-382.
27. Pedersen A. LongoVital and herpes labialis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Oral Dis. 2001;7:221-225.
28. Sklar SH, Buimovici-Klein E. Adenosine in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1979;48:416-417.
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- Anno di produzione: 2020
- Genere: Basket
- Nazionalità: USAIn the ancient world, cocoa only existed in its purest form and was known only for its medicinal value. For many centuries this pure form of cocoa was revered by all and trusted for its beneficial use in cases like fever, heart pain, emaciation, fatigue, kidney and bowel complaints. There is historical evidence that points us to the ancient Mayan and Aztec civilizations who recorded their use of cocoa for medicinal purposes for over 2000 years.
More recently man has tarnished cocoa’s healthy reputation by adding emulsifying fats, sugars, milk, flavorings and preservatives, and introduced processed cocoa to the world. But this was not true of cocoa in the ancient world.
Cocoa’s Ancient Travelogue
The growing of cocoa plants dates back to 1500 BC when it is believed the Olmec Indians grew the cocoa beans as a domestic crop. At around 250 BC to 900 CE the drinking of an unsweetened cocoa drink was prevalent, but only amongst the elite of Mayan society. It was a sophisticated drink even in those days! When the Mayans migrated to the northern parts of South America, they took their cocoa beans with them. This drink was a big hit with the upper class Aztec Indians and they decided to make it their own, imposing a tax on the beans. The Aztecs were the first to call it “xocalatl”, which means warm or bitter liquid.
The famous explorers Columbus and Hernandez encountered the cocoa beans during their travels. Mayan nobles gifted Prince Philip of Spain with jars of beaten cocoa, pre-mixed and ready-to-drink. But neither Spain, nor Portugal shared this gift with the rest of Europe till a century later. In the 16th century, the Spanish began to add sugar cane juice and vanilla flavoring to produce a sweetened cocoa drink, which was more palatable to the taste buds.
Cocoa began to gain wide popularity as a medicinal drink and for its aphrodisiac value. The first cocoa shop in London was set up in 1657. At this time, too, cocoa was considered a beverage only for the elite of society. It was only in 1730 when the price of cocoa dropped that it became affordable to the common man.
In 1765, chocolate was imported to the new “Colonies” by an Irishman named, John Hanan. The beans were imported from the West Indians into Dorchester, Massachusetts, where the first chocolate mill was built in 1780. The chocolates were named after Dr. James Baker who helped in refining the chocolate for a taste similar to the one that we know today. These were known as Baker’s ® Chocolates.
In 1819, François Louis Callier, opened up the first Swiss chocolate factory. In 1828, Conrad Van Houten developed a process in Amsterdam that gave chocolate a smoother consistency by squeezing out some of the cocoa butter and adding alkaline salts. About twenty years later, Joseph Fry & Son developed a process that put some of the cocoa butter back, added sugar and created a smooth paste that could be molded into the first ever, chocolate bar. In 1861, Richard Cadbury created the first Valentine shaped chocolate box for Valentine’s Day forming an irrevocable bond between chocolate and romance. Since then, chocolate makers have been improving on the texture, taste and variations in chocolate for chocolate lovers all over the world. Back to the Historical Use of Cocoa
It was only as recently as 1998 that research studies on cocoa suggested that the historical use of cocoa may be a very healthy path indeed.. Chocolate lovers were thrilled to know that instead of discouraging people from eating chocolate, doctors and scientists were now encouraging the selective consumption of chocolate for its antioxidant strength and for its benefits to heart health! But not all chocolate is equal in its health-imparting properties. From the assortment of chocolates available today, cocoa in its purest form is the best choice. The best choice would be powdered pure cocoa that can be used to make cocoa beverages. The second best choice would be dark, bitter chocolate. Milk chocolate does not contain the high antioxidant strength of dark, bitter chocolate.
CocoPure is one the best blends of pure cocoa powder combined with two more antioxidant-rich nutrients-Resveratrol and Green Tea extracts. The combination of these three ingredients forms a relaxing beverage, hot or cold. Studies on these three nutrients have been published in prominent journals such as the Journal of the American Medical Association, American Journal of Physiology, Heart and Circulatory Physiology. They note the ability of all three nutrients for supporting cardiovascular health, increased blood flow, arterial health, elevated energy levels, digestion, and the immune system.
Now, centuries later, science has finally caught up with the historical use of pure cocoa. The combination of Pure Cocoa, Resveratrol and Green tea is now available in a delicious beverage that brings the health and sophistication back into cocoa drinking! With just 30 calories per serving, CocoPure makes a great drink for those on a diet as well.
New Vitality is a health supplements company. It develops supplement and chocolate tea products which are carefully formulated under the guidance of an elite panel comprised of renowned doctors, nutritionists, chemists and researchers. Whether you want a chocolate teas, pet health supplement, a personal care product or a health care product, New Vitality is a one-stop shop for all needs
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Kevin_Agrawal"Spaghetti alla bolognese o bolognaise", quante volte lo abbiamo letto sui menu dei ristoranti all'estero, ma a "scovare" definitivamente il falso piatto tipico non è stato un indignato cittadino felsineo, bensì l'ex deputato conservatore e famoso giornalista della BBC Michael Portillo (che British purosangue non è, a giudicare dal cognome) che ha deciso di venire a verificare di persona.
Chiedendo ai passanti informazioni su un ristorante dove poter mangiare un buon piatto di quei famigerati spaghetti si è trovato davanti all'amara scoperta: "Non esistono! Mi rifiuto!" hanno risposto i passanti, oppure "Gli spaghetti bolognesi? Not here in Bologna", non qui non a Bologna. Infine si è deciso a chiedere agli addetti ai lavori, ed è entrato nel negozio di una sfoglina, Monica, che gli ha risposto addirittura in inglese: "Tagliatelle al ragù, ma non sono come gli spaghetti, fatti con la semola, ma con farina e uova" e così Michael ha imparato che la sfoglia di arrotola e poi si inizia a tagliare a strisce "dello spessore di 7 millimetri", ma Monica specifica che le dimensioni e le forme della pasta cambiano per ogni salsa o condimento. E non solo: "Do you want to try?" Vuoi provare? Gli ha chiesto Monica, così questo British man in Bologna, in giacca salmone, ha brandito il coltello.
Dopo la pasta c'è bisogno della salsa, così a casa di Monica, guarda caso, il sugo era già sul fuoco. Come finisce la storia? Ovviamente a tavola davanti a un bel piatto di tagliatelle al ragù: "Ecco come sopravvivere a Bologna, mai chiedere spaghetti alla bolognese".2 Israeli researchers figured out how venom from jewel wasps turns cockroaches into zombies. After stinging, wasps lead the victim by the antennae to their burrow. There the roach is consumed by wasp larva from the inside out.
3 A new system called V2G allows batteries of electric and hybrid cars to store or supply grid electricity. Such a system could help smooth peaks in energy demand: 100 of the vehicles could provide 1 megawatt of storage.
4 For the first time, biodiesel alone fueled an airplane. BioJet 1—a Czechoslovakian-made L-29 jet that runs on vegetable oil refined into biodiesel—climbed to 17,000 feet and flew for more than 37 minutes in Nevada.
5 As if rising global temperatures and shrinking sea ice weren’t enough of a threat to polar bears—the practice of selectively hunting males could eventually leave females without mates.
6 Researchers proposed a novel way to mitigate global warming: Enhance the ocean’s ability to absorb CO2 by building water treatment plants that remove hydrochloric acid from seawater and neutralize it. One hundred such plants could reduce 15 percent of global CO2 emissions; 700 could offset all of them.
This article originally appeared in Plenty in August 2008.
Copyright Environ Press 2008.طرفداری - نیوکاسل نمی توانست به قهرمانی لیگ برتر بیاندیشد، در تابستان 1995 اما با آمدن فردی از فرانسه، با آمدن دیوید ژینولا از پاری سن ژرمن، جاه طلبی زاغ ها بیش از هر زمان دیگری شد.
هم اتاقی سابق ژینولا، وارن بارتون برای مان از افسونگر ابریشمی می گوید.
به نظرم دیوید بازیکن خاصی در فوتبال انگلیس بود؛ به خصوص در دوران خودش. یادم می آید با لس فردیناند در یک اتاق بودیم، وقتی ژینولا تازه به بازیکنان تیم معرفی شده بود. او با موهای کمی خاکستری (امروز همه آن ها سفید شده است)، پیراهن کتانی، شلوار کتانی، عینک دودی و کمی زیرآلات وارد اتاق شد. فوق العاده جذاب بود. لس مرد خوش پوشی است اما واقعا هیچکدام از ما نمی خواستیم در عکس تیمی، کنار ژینولا بایستیم. در حالی که داشتیم غذا می خوردیم، قاشق و چنگال از دستان مان افتاد. بسیار مفتخرانه در اتاق حرکت می کرد؛ مانند خدا بود. هنوز هم به آن زمان می خندیم.
این اولین آشنایی من با دیوید بود. در نهایت مجبور شدم از اتاق او فرار کنم؛ زیرا بسیار قهوه می خورد و تا آخر شب نیز سیگار می کشید. اگر می خواستید چشم های تان را روی هم بگذارید، او اصلا هم اتاقی ایده آلی برای تان نبود. دوستی نزدیکی با هم داریم، همسران مان نیز با هم دوست شده اند. بعدها کمی ملک در فرانسه و نزدیک خانه دیوید خریدم.
دیوید نابودگر
در زمین، به ما کمک کرد تا دستاوردی فوق العاده را به نیوکاسل هدیه دهیم. اگر امروز بازی می کرد قیمتش چقدر بود؟ فقط خدا می داند! لمس توپ های اولش خارق العاده بود؛ وقتی گری نویل، لی دیکسون، کورتیس فلمینگ یا ریچارد ادگیل را نابود کرد او را می نگریستم. توانایی فوق العاده ای در نگه داشتن یار مقابلش، فریب دادن او و حرکت به اینور و آنور دارد.
یکی از بازی های پیش فصل را برابر هارتز به یاد می آورم، بیرون از خانه بودیم و من راب لی در خط هافبک بازی می کردیم. تازه به تیم آمده بود و فرم خوب، عالی، فوق العاده ای داشت! بازی اش که آغاز من و راب همدیگر را نگریستیم و با هم گفتیم "لعنتی! او واقعا یک بازیکن است!" با پیتر بردسلی و پل گاسکوئین بازی کرده بودیم اما او، نحوه بازی اش به طور کلی با آن ها متفاوت بود. یک توانایی به خصوص داشت.
گل معروفش برابر بارنزلی (با پیراهن تاتنهام در سال 1999) همه چیز را درباره او خلاصه می کند؛ سرعت، قدرت و در نهایت یک شوت باورنکردنی. بی شک او یکی از بهترین بازیکنان خارجی محسوب می شود که در لیگ برتر بازی کرده است. رفتارش با باشگاه و هواداران، فوق العاده بود.
سرگرم کننده
آیا او کسی بود که جرقه اوج گرفتن نیوکاسل را زد؟ مطمئن نیستم. به نظرم پیتر بردسلی نیز از بازیکنانی است که در به دست آمدن بهترین عملکرد ما، نقش کاتالیزوری داشت. اما بی شک می توانم بگویم ژینولا تعدادی از بهترین نمایش های تاریخ نیوکاسل را به هواداران هدیه داد. کیث جیلسپی را در سمت راست داشتیم، سرعت فوق العاده ای داشت و توپ ها را خوب ارسال می کرد. در سمت چپ نیز دیوید بود که با جان برسفورد فوق العاده کار می کرد.
پیتر نقش زیادی در تیم ما داشت اما دیوید با او فرق می کرد. وقتی در بازی با مشکل می خوردیم و حریف تنها می خواست با ده نفر، دفاع بکند؛ دیوید دست به کار می شد. سانتر می کرد یا یار مقابل را از سد راه بر می داشت. انگار هواداران دوباره زنده می شدند و همین موضوع، باعث روحیه گرفتن کل تیم می شد. نمی شود بر روی این کار، قیمت بگذاری.
بازیکنان مطرح زیادی در تیم داشتیم، لس، راب لی، دیوید بتی یا فیلیپ آلبرت. شخصیت های بزرگی را در سرتاسر تیم داشتیم و به همین دلیل، موفق شدیم. ژینولا با فیلیپ خیلی جفت و جور شده بود، با اینکه شخصیت های بسیار متفاوتی داشتند. فیلیپ دوست داشت تمام روز بنوشد و بیلیارد بازی کند اما دیوید اینگونه نبود.
فراموش نشدنی
به نظرم بهترین عملکرد او برابر منچستریونایتد بود، وقتی آن ها را در سنت جیمز پارک 5-0 شکست دادیم (در اکتبر 1996). دیوید فوق العاده بود. ریتم تیم را کنترل کرد و بازی را در اختیار گرفت. او به یونایتد ثابت کرد که ما تیم خیلی خیلی قدرتمندی هستیم.
همین حالا هم بسیار جذاب است و تفکرات عمیقی درباره فوتبال دارد. پایان تلخی را با کنی دالگلیش در نیوکاسل تجربه کرد اما همه به او احترام می گذاریم و هیچکس وی را فراموش نخواهد کرد.
همین حالا هم بسیار جذاب است
قسمتهای دیگر از این سری یادداشتها: •100-91 • 90-81 • 80-71 • 70-61 • 60-51 • 50-41 • 40-31 • 30-21 • 20-11 • 10 (دیوید ژینولا) • 9 (پیتر اشمایکل) • 8 (پاتریک ویرا) • 7 (جانفرانکو زولا) • 6 (سرخیو آگوئرو) • 5 (دیدیه دروگبا) • 4 (دنیس برکمپ) • 3 (اریک کانتونا) • 2 (تیری آنری) • 1 (کریستیانو رونالدو)Living With Diabetes
Diabetes is a disease that is marked by high levels of blood glucose, resulting from defects in insulin production, action or both. If not treated properly, it can lead to serious complications. There are two types of diabetes; Type 1 and Type 2.
Type 1 Diabetes is most commonly referred to as juvenile diabetes or insulin dependent and affects roughly 5% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. Type 1 Diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. Type 1 Diabetes can affect individuals at any age, but it is more common among children and young adults. The only way to control glucose levels for people who suffer from Type 1 Diabetes, is to inject or pump insulin.
Type 2 Diabetes, or non-insulin dependent diabetes, affects approximately 90%-95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. It occurs when the body does not use insulin properly, and therefore needs insulin in order to function properly. Type 2 diabetes normally affects individuals with older age, family history of diabetes, obesity, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, and physical inactivity.
Certain ethnic groups are at a greater risk of developing this type of diabetes such as; African Americans and Hispanic/Latino Americans.
Complications from Diabetes
• Heart disease and stroke
• High blood pressure
• Blindness and eye problems
• Kidney disease
• Nervous System Disease
• Dental disease
How to Treat/Prevent Diabetes
• Type 1 Diabetes can only be treated by injecting insulin
• Type 2 Diabetes can be treated/prevented by simply making the right choices in life:
– Eat a healthy diet
– Exercise regularly
– Maintain a healthy weight
– Take proper medication
– Monitor glucose level
• 67% of adults with diabetes also suffer from high blood pressure
• 8.3% (25.8 million Americans) of the US population has diabetes
– 26.9% of adults 65+ have diabetes
– 13.7% of adults 45-64 have diabetes
• 11.8% of males 20 years or older have diabetes
• 10.8% of females 20 years or older have diabetes
• African-Americans have the highest incidence of diabetes at 12.6%
• 11.8% of Hispanics have diabetes
• Diabetes is a major cause of heart disease and strokeAKP'li yıllarda kadın düşmanlığı tavan yaptı. Kadın cinayetleri, kadına olan tacizler ve tecavüzler resmen uçuşa geçti. Rakamlar ortada. Kadınların üstünde her alanda büyük bir baskı var ve önlemler yetersiz. AKP'li ve MHP'li erkek siyasetçilerin söylemleri kadına özgürlük ve güvence yerine korku veriyor. AKP'li kadın siyasetçiler de kadınları zor durumda bırakıyor. Bir kadın bakan çıkıp kadının eşine börek yapmasını yuvanın dağılmama sebebi olarak görüyor. Bir başka kadın bakan ise çocukların Ensar Vakfı'nda tecavüze uğramasını "Bir kere
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Exorbitant housing costs represent a veritable crisis for working families, often absorbing more than half of their income. In areas like San Francisco, rent costs are forcing sections of workers to move away from the city. In the case of teachers, this is leading to staff shortages in the classroom.
Home ownership for Millennials is virtually unattainable. A recent survey showed that among this group, 89 percent in San Diego, 83 percent In Los Angeles, and 81 percent in San Francisco see home ownership as unrealistic.
Christopher, a student from Los Angeles, told the WSWS he doesn’t think he will ever be able to buy a home: “Most definitely not. I can’t see that being possible. With the way that housing prices are rising every year, by the time that I feel like I have enough money to even get a nice place, the cost of living will be too high to afford a house.”
Rachael, also a student from Los Angeles, struck a similar chord: “I had to take out a loan through school to afford rent. I am a full-time student, which makes it difficult to work full-time hours. Housing is so expensive because the state has no affordable housing ordinates set up. Rent control is practically nonexistent.”
Rachael also rules out home ownership. “It’s seriously out of my realm of imagination,” she said. “For our parents’ generation being a homeowner was unquestionable, but with my friends it’s not something we think about or plan for because it feels too unrealistic.”
Reality stands in stark contrast to the American Dream. The economic and social crisis has thrown tens of thousands on the streets. Homelessness and food insecurity are so pervasive that a recent study by California State University shows that 8 to 12 percent of students are homeless, and 21 to 24 percent go hungry.
Such levels of poverty and inequality are the direct result of the crisis of the capitalist system and the policies implemented by federal, state and local governments. In fact, inequality is a dominant feature that clearly expresses the system’s inability to further develop its productive forces and satisfy human needs, despite record levels of wealth.
The implementation of financial policies like “quantitative easing” and bank bailouts adopted by the US government in response to the 2008 world financial crisis meant a vast transfer of wealth from the bottom to the top, while social programs such as food stamps, unemployment benefits, public education and welfare were systematically slashed or dismantled.
Similar measures of austerity were also implemented at state level. In California, the brutal budget cuts imposed in the aftermath of the 2008 crisis were never restored despite a much-celebrated surplus in recent years. Public education, state worker benefits, the CalWORKS welfare-to-work program, MediCal and mental health care were all subject to brutal assaults.
Just as at the federal level, where both the Bush and Obama administrations pursued harsh anti-worker policies, California governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown adopted measures aimed at redistributing wealth in favor of the rich, demonstrating the equally destructive role of both big business parties. A crucial instrument for the enforcement of such policies has been the trade union apparatus, fully subordinated to the dictates of capital.
California is a stark example of the diseased state of capitalism, but it is the rule, not the exception. There is plenty of wealth to resolve social problems. There is no reason in the 21st century for child poverty, hunger or homelessness to plague the existence of millions. However, the crisis of capitalism aims at redistributing social wealth for the privilege and benefit of a small oligarchy of ultra-rich.Z-9: Truth or Consequences for a Statistical Test of Significance
How much power does a statistical test have? What do the results of a statistical test mean? Dr. Zady weighs in on this matter and gives you guidance on how you should weigh the results of your tests.
EdD, Assistant Professor
Clinical Laboratory Science Program, University of Louisville
- Truth table and classification errors
- Consequences and performance characteristics
- Effect of experimental factors
Lessons 6, 7, and 8 examined hypothesis testing using the t-test as the example test of significance. In this lesson, we are going to look more closely at the correctness of a statistical test and it's "power" to detect changes. If you have a good understanding of the performance characteristics of a statistical test of significance, you will be in a better position to properly design experiments and correctly interpret experimental results.
In a statistical test of significance, the result is either to accept or reject the null hypothesis, Ho, which, in the case of a t-test, states there is no difference between the mean of a control group and experimental group. In reality, there either is a difference in the test groups or there isn't. Ideally, the test of significance should reject Ho whenever there is a difference and accept Ho when none exists. However, we know the world is seldom perfect and the actual behavior of a test may be less than ideal.
Behavior can be described by a "truth table", in this case a 2 by 2 classification table that shows all the possible outcomes. As illustrated here, the "happy" faces show the desired behavior when Ho is accepted AND there is no difference between means (a true acceptance, upper left corner of table) and when Ho is rejected AND a difference exists (a true rejection, lower right). The "unhappy" faces show our disappointment with the statistical test when it accepts a situation as "no difference between means" AND a difference really does exist (a false acceptance, upper right corner) and when rejects the two means as being the same AND there is no real difference (a false rejection, lower left).
A more scientific presentation of the truth table is shown here, which identifies the possible classifications as true accept, false accept, false reject, and true reject. In statistical terminology, false reject results are called "Type I errors" and symbolized as a. In experimental design, these are common because we often set a at 0.05 and, therefore, expect a false rejection 5% of the time. The other type of error, "Type II errors," are false acceptances, which are given the symbol b. These are critical because of our interest in achieving a high rate of true rejection results, which are equal to 1 - b, also called "statistical power" or just "power". We usually want to achieve statistical power of 90 to 95%, which means b can only be 5 to 10%.
We sometimes call this truth table the "confusion matrix" because of the difficulty it poses for students. There are many new concepts - true accept, false accept, false reject, true reject - as well as many new terms - Type I error, Type II error, a, b, and power. The happy face table should help you keep the concepts straight. Unfortunately, you'll have to learn the statistical terminology by rote as there's no real logic for calling one error Type I or an alpha error and another Type II or a beta error.
To understand the importance of the characteristics identified in the truth table, we need to consider the consequences of using a statistical test to compare an experimental group with a control group. We'll focus on two different situations - the first where there is no overlap between the control group and the experimental group, and the second where the two groups do overlap.
If the expected distributions for the means of the control and experimental groups are completely separated, as shown in this figure, then there shouldn't be any misclassification errors. Type I and Type II errors would not exist, i.e., a and b are 0.00 and there shouldn't be any false rejections or false acceptances of Ho. Because b is 0.00, statistical power should be 1.00 (1-b = 1.00), which means the difference between the two groups will always be detected. These values (a=0.00, b=0.00, power=1.00) represent the ideal performance characteristics for a statistical test of significance.
In practice, we usually select the alpha level to be suitably low, often a probability of 0.05, which means there would be only a 5% chance of falsely rejecting the null hypothesis and concluding that a difference exists when in fact there is no difference (Type I error). Observe the vertical line or gate that corresponds to an alpha level of 0.05 and cuts off 5% of the tail of the control distribution. Even though there is a 5% chance for a Type I error, there still shouldn't be any Type II errors where we would accept a false null hypothesis. Again, these curves are distinct, therefore, power is at its maximum.
If the distributions overlap, as shown here, then the performance characteristics of the statistical test will depend on the amount of the overlap. Type I and II errors will not be zero and power will be less than ideal. The choice of a will affect the number of Type II or beta-errors and the statistical power of the test. In the example here, the alpha level is again set at 0.05. The probability of a Type II or beta-error is given as 0.15 or the area of overlap between the two curves, which leaves the statistical power as 0.85, i.e., the area of non-overlap. This indicates there is only an 85% chance of detecting the difference between the groups, or there is a 15% chance that the difference between groups may go undetected.
To understand power, look at the distribution of the experimental group. See how much of the area of that distribution is beyond the vertical line corresponding to the 0.05 alpha level. In the first figure, the entire distribution is to the right of the vertical line, therefore power is maximum. In the second figure, only part of the distribution is to the right of the vertical line. Obviously, power is reduced when the difference between the two groups is reduced.
Power shows the capability of an experiment to detect a difference of a certain magnitude. The larger the difference between the experimental group and the control group, the less overlap between the two groups, and the more power for detecting the difference. The greater the overlap, the lower the power. In effect, large differences will be easy to detect and small differences will be difficult to detect.
An understanding of these performance characteristics is important for both planning an experiment and for interpreting the results of an experiment. You are in control of some important factors when you design an experiment. Knowledge of their effects will help you to plan a better experiment. If you aren't in control of the experimental design, then you need to be aware of the potential effects of these factors when interpreting experimental results.
The most common error in statistical testing is Type I where a true Ho is rejected. It seems that researchers are at times overly zealous in their desire to reject the null hypothesis and to prove their point. One way to protect against Type I error is to reduce the alpha level to say 0.01, as illustrated here. With an alpha level of 0.01, there will be only a 1% chance of rejecting a true Ho. The change in alpha will also effect the Type II error, in the opposite direction. Decreasing alpha from 0.05 to 0.01 increases the chance of a Type II error (makes it harder to reject the null hypothesis).
In the example here, b is now 0.30. There is more overlap between the two distributions. The effect on statistical power will be the opposite of the effect on Type II error, i.e., a decrease in the a level will increase the Type II error and decrease power. Power is lower, 0.70 here, because the area under the distribution to the right of the vertical line has been reduced, therefore power is reduced.
Choosing the a level is a judgement call. In drug research studies, the a level may be set at 0.01 or even 0.001. In clinical and diagnostic studies, a is commonly set at 0.05. In laboratory method validation studies, a is usually set in the range of 0.05 to 0.01. In laboratory quality control, the a level is determined by the choice of control limits and numbers of control measurements . Alpha or false rejections may be very high - 0.05 to 0.14 - when Levey-Jennings control charts are used with 1 to 3 control measurements and control limits set as the mean plus or minus 2 SDs. Efforts to reduce false rejections by widening control limits, e.g., reducing a to 0.01 or less by use of 3SD control limits, will also lower the power or lower error detection, as documented in the literature by power function graphs . These applications illustrate why it is important to understand the impact of Type I or a errors on experimental studies as well as the daily operation of laboratory testing processes.
A word of caution about N! Significance testing is an important part of statistical decision making, however several conditions limit its usefulness. Perhaps no condition is more noteworthy than the size of N. The problem stems from the fact that the test statistic is always calculated by dividing the observed difference by a standard error term, which contains N, as shown below for the t-test statistic:
tcalc = (Xbar - µ)/(s/N1/2)
As N becomes larger, the term in the denominator (s/N1/2) becomes smaller, which causes the calculated t-value to become larger and makes it is easier to reject the null hypothesis. Increasing N makes it possible to detect very small differences, whereas a low N has the opposite effect and makes it difficult to detect even large differences. In clinical and diagnostic studies, data may not be plentiful and it may be very expensive to obtain a high N. On the other hand, in laboratory method validation studies, we can often achieve Ns needed for good experimental design if we are knowledgeable about what is needed [e.g., see reference 4 for discussion of minimum Ns for different method validation experiments].
There are situations where another variation on the t-test becomes important. This "paired" form of the t-test is performed when the data are highly correlated or dependent upon each other. For example, the samples are dependent if the same subjects undergo two procedures, such as when tests are performed by two methods in a comparison of methods experiment, or when tests are performed before-and-after "treatment" to determined the effects of a procedure. In these situations, the subjects can act as their own control group because we are interested only in the differences exhibited between the test and comparative methods or the changes before-and-after treatment.
In statistical terms, the null hypothesis would be stated as Ho : µ1 - µ2 = 0 , i.e., there is no difference between the means. The mean of the difference scores Xbar1 - Xbar2 becomes the test statistic. The distribution of these differences approaches a normal distribution and the variance, standard deviation, and an error term are calculated much as they were before. A values for tcalc is generated and compared to the t critical value. The same distribution gates are set up on the control group curve. If calculated t-value is greater than critical t-value, the null hypothesis of no difference is overturned and vice-versa.
- Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using Multivariate Statistics, 3rd ed. NY: Harper-Collins, 1996.
- Westgard JO. Basic QC Practices. Madison, WI: Westgard QC, 1998.
- Westgard JO, Groth T. Power function graphs for statistical control rules. Clin Chem 1979;25: 394-400.
- Westgard JO. Basic Method Validation. Madison, WI: Westgard QC, 1999.提高中国急性冠脉综合症诊疗水平 - 临床路径的有效性及需要改进的体制障碍
研究发现，在中国，针对心脏病或严重心绞痛患者（通常被称为急性冠脉综合症-ACS）的医院诊疗上存在重要循证实践差距。临床路径是指将医院诊疗模式标准化、流程化的方法，以期指导临床医师为患者提供及时、有效且高质量的医疗服务。在中国以及世界其他地区，ACS患者并非总能得到最好的治疗。
急性冠脉综合症临床路径研究二期（CPACS-2）是一项旨在探究临床路径是否可以提高对ACS患者的医疗质量的研究。此外研究团队还进行了一项评估研究，该研究作为CPACS-2的一部分以确认临床路径在中国医院中是否可行。CPACS-2的主要研究结果分为两篇文章（定量评价和定性评价-网络链接），于今天发表在“循环：心血管质量和结局杂志（Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes）”。
- 点击此处查看文章摘要：Hospital Quality Improvement Initiative for Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes in China
- 点击此处查看文章摘要：System Barriers to the Evidence-Based Care of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in China
CPACS-2研究在75所医院中开展，入组患者15,141人。研究发现在经过12个月的临床路径干预后，出院后继续服用药物以预防心脏病或严重心绞痛复发的患者人数比例有显著提高。但对于其他方面的诊疗，临床路径并没有带来明显提高。例如，对于患有更为严重心脏疾病的患者来说，及早诊疗并去除阻塞动脉的凝块是十分重要的。但在CPACS-2研究中，临床路径的实施并没有改善这些治疗程序。
研究表明在医院中开展改革存在巨大障碍，这些阻碍可能会削弱在中国进行改善医疗服务质量工作的成效。
“临床路径是一种主张建立标准化治疗模式，以循证医学证据和指南为指导，旨在提供更好的医疗服务的管理方案。它普遍用于如ACS这样患者人数多且治疗费用昂贵的疾病。这也是中国政府所实行与支持的医疗改革中的一部分。”北京大学医学部乔治健康研究所武阳丰教授解释道。“但我们目前没有充足数据表明在我国这种模式能否起到很大作用。所以我们设计并实施CPACS项目，期望可以更多使用标准化的医疗服务方法，减少昂贵及不必要的诊疗流程。”
“CPACS-2研究发现，临床路径干预方案只在改善医疗服务的某些程序上起到作用，而不是对所有程序起作用。所以尽管干预后院内心脏病复发及死亡率有所降低，我们也无法确切证明这是采用临床路径的结果，还是干预使得医院对医疗质量更加重视所带来的。”武教授补充道。
“我们同时进行的对实施临床路径的阻碍因素的调查表明，多个来自于组织结构和系统制度上的因素阻碍了临床路径的落实和达标。”项目负责人之一、前中华医学会心血管病学分会主任委员高润霖教授对CPACS-2的主要研究结果解释道。“我们的研究发现以下因素可能影响临床路径的实施，包括：医院急诊部门服务能力有限、自费比例高且需要预付款、与患者及其家属进行知情同意书签署和筹款方面的长时间讨论、以及避免为
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爆發的泰納魯河口戰鬥（事實上美軍搞錯了，該地其實是伊魯河的河口，當地土著人稱伊魯河為鱷魚溪，由於美軍把把真正的泰納魯河反而認成了伊魯河，因此此戰其實應為伊魯河河口戰鬥才對）。
4，泰納魯河口戰鬥日軍參戰部隊為一木支隊，兵力900，美軍參戰部隊算上防禦兵力和反擊兵力，約2000—3000；由於美軍在此前意外得知了日軍的主攻方向（首先是一支美軍偵察兵伏擊了一木的巡邏隊，繳獲了一份日軍地圖並因此瞭解了日軍的可能發起進攻的方向；其次是一名親西方的當地土著在被日軍抓獲後設法逃回了美軍防線，提供了日軍的有關情報），所以在日軍的必經之路上機槍火炮全部校正，工事加強，砲兵觀察員全部在一線待命，就等日軍上門。
5，影片中是黑夜中爆發戰鬥，很多朋友覺得拍夜戰不過癮，但沒辦法，歷史就是這樣。還有朋友質疑怎麼日軍都像發瘋一樣送死，其實不然，日軍的戰術核心就是滲透+ 夜戰，在前期的東南亞戰場這招屢屢成功，因此也就沒把瓜島美軍放在眼裡，還是就這麼進攻了，殊不知美軍此時無論在兵力、火力、情報蒐集、準備工作等各方面早就佔了優勢。影片中戰鬥時幾個細節把握得很到位，一是戰鬥圍繞在一條沙堤進行（日軍想通過這條沙堤衝過來，但是都被美軍的機槍掃倒），這是符合歷史的，鱷魚溪的入海口其實是一個瀉湖，有一個環狀的沙堤，日軍要想跨過鱷魚溪進攻對岸的美軍，必須通過沙堤，因此也就在這裡死傷慘重（影片中到了白天可以看到日軍在沙堤上死亡枕籍，那個自殺的日軍就在沙堤上）；還有一個細節是美軍互相提醒日軍從側翼攻擊，這也是對的，因為一木支隊的進攻分為好幾波，主攻部隊是通過沙堤的向心攻擊，還有一波是試圖涉水從沿海泅水繞到美軍側翼進行攻擊（這也就是影片中為什麼到了早上在海邊會有大批日軍屍體的原因）。
6，到了白天，海中和海邊的屍體如前所述，並非是有些朋友所說的是被擊沉的日本軍艦上的死亡人員，而是一木支隊的部分試圖通過海邊繞道迂迴攻擊的戰死人員。那名自殺的日軍也是可考證的，歷史在泰納魯戰鬥接近尾聲時，美軍醫護人員曾試圖救治日軍傷員，但日軍卻拉響手雷與美軍同歸於盡，為此美軍下令對日軍傷員不予救治，直接坦克碾過。不過影片中似乎此次戰鬥結束得稍快了些，事實上此戰要持續16個小時，到當天傍晚17：00才結束。此戰日軍戰死777人，美軍死 34，傷75。
7，其他幾個細節：影片中第一集的主角Robert Leckie是陸戰1團2營的機槍手，該營也正是參與泰納魯河口戰鬥的部隊；那個美軍喝日本啤酒的也是歷史上確有其事，當時美軍佔領機場後意外發現日軍留下的幾十箱啤酒並好好享用了一番；陸戰7團是1942年9月18日登陸的，其中就有後來一戰成名的約翰-巴斯龍。
8，最後，此片是以三名陸戰隊員為原型拍攝的，分別是陸戰1團2營的Robert Leckie（第一集的主角），陸戰5團3營的Eugene Sledge（第一集中那個得心臟病不能參戰的），陸戰7團1營的John Basilone（第一集中與父親告別的）。其中John Basilone是榮譽勛章獲得者，後來加入陸戰5師，在硫磺島戰役中戰死。Robert Leckie和Eugene Sledge都於2001年去世。USUAL DOSE. 300 mg daily in a single dose. Because the relapse rate is high, it is essential that the treatment regimen be continued for a sufficient period of time; routinely, this is considered to be 1 year for preventive therapy.
ACTION AND USE. Chloramphenicol was used extensively when first developed because it had no apparent side effects. It inhibits protein synthesis, is easily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and is effective against most grampositive and gram-negative organisms, and against rickettsiae. Chloramphenicol has been recognized as highly toxic with significant hematologic side effects; i.e., bone marrow depression, anemia, and leukopenia. Currently, it is normally used only for treatment of typhoid and other salmonella, rickettsial diseases, and gram-negative bacteremia resistent to other antibiotics. Because of its serious toxic effects, it is reserved for serious infections that are not amenable to treatment with less toxic preparations.
USUAL DOSE. 50 mg/kg/day in divided doses at 6 hour intervals. The oral method is the preferred method of administration although intravenous infusion is acceptable; intramuscular injection is ineffective.
ACTION AND USE. These are the only polymixin complexes still in use. Because of their excessive nephrotoxic nature, the other polymixin complexes have been discarded. Polymixins act by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane of the cell causing immediate cell death. The polymixins are bactericidal against almost all the gramnegative bacilli; they are not effective against gram-positive bacteria or fungi.
USUAL DOSE. Polymixin B sulfate is available as a parenteral preparation for intravenous or intrathecal administration; it should not be used intramuscularly. The dosage is 15,000 to 25,000 units/kg/day intravenously; 1 to 3 drops of a 0.1 to 0.25 percent solution hourly for the treatment of conjunctivitis. The preparation can also be used as an ophthalmic solution. Polymixin E sulfate (colistin) is available as an oral suspension for the treatment of diarrhea in children given at 5 to 15 mg/kg/day. It is also available as an otic suspension with neomycin and hydrocortisone for the treatment of superficial bacterial infections of the external auditory canal. The dose is 4 drops 3 or 4 times daily.
ACTION AND USE. Spectinomycin was developed with the sole therapeutic indication being the treatment of gonorrhea. It is largely bacteriostatic and quite effective in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea. Its advantage lies primarily in being a single dose therapy and in patients who are allergic to penicillin or have penicillin resistant strains of the causative organism. It is NOT effective in the treatment of syphilis.
USUAL DOSE. An intramuscular dose of 2 g is recommended. In areas of the world where antibiotic resistance is known to exist, the recommended dose is 4 g in a single dose in two injection sites.
ACTION AND USE. Nitrofurantoin is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, protozoa, and fungi. It is rapidly and completely absorbed from the intestine but has little or no systemic effect because it is rapidly excreted through the kidneys. Its usefulness is limited to urinary tract infections where the drug attains concentration in the urine to which most organisms are sensitive. Macrodantin is a preparation of nitrofurantoin where the crystals are of a controlled size.
USUAL DOSE. Nitrofurantoin is used in the treatment of pyelonephritis, pyelitis, and cystitis. Normal dose is 50 to 100 mg 4 times daily; it should be given with meals to increase absorption and minimize gastrointestinal upset. It is contraindicated where significant renal impairment exists.
ACTION AND USE. Although not an antiinfective, phenazopyridine is included here because it is used almost exclusively in urinary tract infections. Phenazopyridine is a urinary tract analgesic indicated for the symptomatic relief of discomforts arising from irritation of the lower 7-13The combination of two or more intervals makes a chord. Chords are ordinarily built by intervals of a third. The simplest chord type is the triad. Triads may be the basis of whole harmonic system.
Members of Triads
The names “root“, “third” and “fifth” are three members of triads. The root is also fundemental base of any chord. Regardless of any inversions, these names preserve their ability to describe triad chords’ note members.
Inversion of Triads
Lowest note of a triad determines chords’ inversion position.
If a triad has a root factor in lowest note, it is said to be in “root position“.
If a triad has a third factor in lowest note, it is said to be in “first inversion“.
If a triad has a fifth factor in lowest note, it is said to be in “second inversion“.
There are four kinds of triads. These are formed by relation of root note and other factors of triads’ interval types.
The major and minor triads are consonant chords, because they composed by consonant intervals.
Diminished and Augmented triads are dissonant, because they have diminished fifth and augmented fifth which are known as dissonant intervals.
Seventh chords are built by adding one more third interval above a triad. There are mainly four types of seventh chords.
The seventh of a Dominant chord adds a dissonant element to the chord itself, so it turns to a harmonic dissonance chord. In root position, it has a characteristic seventh interval between the root and the added note. Because of dissonance nature and resolving to root degree ability, this chords is a very important part of western music culture. It is built on a fifth degree of any tone, and builted by adding a minor third to major triad.Il successo dell'operazione contro le forze di Haftar è associato all'uso di aerei - canali turchi
I media turchi descrivono la sconfitta dell'esercito nazionale libico (LNA) del maresciallo Khalifa Haftar nella base aerea di Al-Vatiy, a sud di Tripoli. Secondo i rapporti della televisione turca, il successo dell'operazione contro le truppe di Haftar è legato all'uso dei fondi aviazione.
Si noti che per il bombardamento della base aerea LNA dall'aria, shock droni. Testimoni oculari riferiscono di almeno una dozzina di UAV usati. Quali droni specifici fossero, non si sa. Tuttavia, si può presumere che stiamo parlando di UAV Bayraktar turchi. Il contingente militare turco in Libia aveva già perso molti di questi veicoli senza pilota. Secondo alcuni rapporti, sono stati distrutti dai sistemi missilistici di difesa aerea Pantsir consegnati al Paese dagli Emirati Arabi Uniti. Alla vigilia si è saputo che uno di questi complessi è diventato esso stesso un trofeo delle forze controllate da Fayez Saraj. A sua volta, Saraca è supportata da Ankara in questa guerra.
I media turchi affermano che anche l'aviazione ha attaccato le forze di Khalifa Haftar in ritirata da Al-Vatiya. In particolare, un convoglio di veicoli VLA è stato sparato nell'area del villaggio di Tichi al confine con la Tunisia.
Nel frattempo, il governo di Sarajah ha affermato che "i putschisti hanno ottenuto ciò che meritano". Secondo il Primo Ministro libico, "i territori detenuti illegalmente dai putschisti guidati da Haftar furono liberati".
Ricordiamo che prima nei media c'erano informazioni sul trasferimento nel territorio libico non solo dei militanti del siriano Idlib, che sono sospettati di essere controllati dai servizi speciali turchi, ma anche di soldati delle forze speciali turche. Furono queste forze a diventare il pugno d'urto che attaccarono le posizioni dell'LNA ad Al-Vatiya dopo aver usato veicoli aerei senza pilota.Condition: Near Mint
Product Description: This is a beautiful, pristine example of a World War One German Heer Buckle. It is a wartime example, stamped from steel with an attractive field green painted finish, as stipulated by regulations of January, 1915. Virtually all of this original “Feldgrau” paint is still present; the buckle shows only the most minor traces of age and handling, and no signs of ever being worn or used. This roundel on this World War One German Heer buckle depicts the Imperial crown, surrounded by the inscription “Gott Mit Uns”- God is with us. This was the roundel used by Prussian troops. The reverse of this World War One German Heer Buckle features a textbook wartime spot welded catch, and a functional prong assembly for affixing this to a belt. There is no visible manufacturer marking. These WWI buckles have become harder to find in the last few years, and especially in this condition. Despite the passing of a century, this gorgeous buckle remains truly near mint.
Historical Description: The belt buckle was an important part of the regalia worn by all uniformed military, civil, political and paramilitary organizations during the Third Reich. The belt (“Koppel”) was part of the uniform, and would always be worn while on duty. The belt buckle (“Koppelschloss”) was generally specific to each organization, with many organizations having separate belt buckles for officers and for enlisted personnel, sometimes with different colors and finishes to further denote specific purposes. The buckles were adorned with various mottos and designs specific to the organizations for which they were intended. Many designs used the German national eagle emblem, in a variety of forms. Belt buckles were worn with uniforms ranging from finely tailored officer parade uniforms, to the issue uniforms of enlisted soldiers in combat. Generally speaking, most German belt buckles of the Third Reich were made with two prongs on the reverse, to allow the buckle to be worn and adjusted on a belt. The buckle had a catch that would mate with a hook on the belt, when worn. The earliest Third Reich buckles were often made of brass, or nickel silver. Later, aluminum became very common, and was used on private purchase as well as enlisted buckles of the German military, with or without a painted or plated finish. After WWII began, most enlisted military buckles were steel. Nazi belt buckles were popular souvenirs for Allied troops who served in Europe. Some types were made by the millions and remain quite common today. Others were made in limited numbers and are very rare.
We are the leading team of military antique specialists. We have specialized in military antiques for over 25 years.
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or feel free to email us directly: [email protected]در مهندسی نرم افزار، ما آموخته ایم که انتزاع، پیمانه، و پنهان کردن اطلاعات روش های مفیدی هستند برای طراحی سایت حرفه ای در مشهد وقتی که مجموعه ای از الزامات به تکه های کنترل برای پیاده سازی شکسته می شوند. در این مقدمه از الگوهای مدیریت اطلاعات، مندی شسل و هارالد اسمیت توضیح می دهند که چگونه کتاب خود را با استفاده از این اصول برای مقابله با هماهنگ سازی اطلاعات بین سیستم های فناوری اطلاعات گرد آوری کرده اند.
اکثر سازمان ها از سیستم های تخصصی IT به نام برنامه های کاربردی برای اجرای عملیات خود استفاده می کنند. هر برنامه از جنبه خاصی از کسب و کار، چه برای کل سازمان و یا یک گروه در درون آن پشتیبانی می کند. ممکن است برنامه های کاربردی برای گرفتن سفارش، برای صدور صورت حساب، برای توزیع کالا، برای مدیریت داده ها از کارکنان، و بسیاری موارد دیگر استفاده شوند.
ترجمه شده توسط تیم طراحی سایت مشهد وب سایتمعاون وزیر بهداشت: مجمع سلامت در 28 استان کشور تشکیل شد
سید محمدهادی ایازی عصر چهارشنبه در نخستین مجمع سلامت استان ایلام اظهار کرد، ریاست مجمع سلامت در استان ها بر عهده استانداران و در شهرستان ها بر عهده فرمانداران است
به گزارش ایرنا، سید محمدهادی ایازی عصر چهارشنبه در نخستین مجمع سلامت استان ایلام اظهار کرد: ریاست مجمع سلامت در استان ها بر عهده استانداران و در شهرستان ها بر عهده فرمانداران است.
وی با اشاره به اینکه عوامل فردی، سن، جنس و ژنتیک تنها 25 درصد در سلامت افراد تاثیرگذار است، تاکید کرد: 75 درصد باقیمانده به متولیان دستگاه های اجرایی دیگر باز می گردد به همین دلیل مجامع سلامت در سطح ملی و استانی در راستای جلب مشارکت تمامی ارکان تاثیرگذار در سلامت مردم تشکیل شده است.
یادآور شد: اجتماعی شدن سلامت، تحقق سلامت همگانی و کاهش نابرابری ها در این حوزه از رویکردهای نوین وزارت بهداشت است و به این منظور باید مشارکت مردم به صورت گسترده جلب شود.
ایازی با بیان اینکه تلاش می شود در چارچوب نظام مشارکت بین بخشی از ظرفیت بخش های مختلف استفاده شود، تاکید کرد: هیچ دستگاهی نیست که در موضوع سلامت نقش نداشته باشد و همه دستگاه موظفند رسالت خود را بدرستی انجام دهند.
وی یادآور شد: نظام سلامت باید در کنار انجام ماموریت های خود به سمت مردم و جامعه حرکت کند تا با کار بین بخشی، حمایت طلبی و مشارکت مردمی، سلامت مردم را ارتقا داده و هزینه های نظام سلامت را کاهش دهد.
معاون اجتماعی وزیر بهداشت گفت: مفهوم اجتماعی شدن سلامت به معنای همکاری و همراهی ساختارمند، مسئولانه و متعهدانه تمامی بخش های حاکمیت به منظور کاهش نابرابری ها و تحقق عدالت در موضوع سلامت است.
ایازی اضافه کرد: در تمامی محلات شهری و روستایی سراسر کشور، کانون سلامت محله با هدف کمک به افزایش مشارکت موثر، کارآمد، پویا و خلاق مردم در توسعه سلامت خود، خانواده و محله تشکیل می شود.
وی تاکید کرد: نوع مشارکت مردم در این کانون ها باید آگاهانه، داوطلبانه، بدون چشمداشت، مسئولانه وعادلانه باشد تا بتوان به اهداف مورد نظر در جلب مشارکت مردم در ارتقا سلامت جامعه دست پیدا کرد.
وی تاکید کرد: تا کنون کانون های مختلف از جمله دیابت، سالمندی، پیشگیری از مصرف دخانیات و کودک و مادر به صورت نمونه در برخی مناطق کشور تشکیل شده که بسیار تاثیر گذار بوده است و باید به دیگر مناطق کشور گسترش یابد.
معاون اجتماعی وزیر بهداشت گفت: پس از تشکیل کانون های سلامت محله، مج
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Voivodeship,_Poland)&oldid=79136.
©1996-2015 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.What is in this article?:
- Over the long-run will supply out-pace demand in the years ahead?
- Crop agriculture may once again face long periods of low prices.
- Times of excess production could result in low price problems.
In the absence of two critical issues, farm bill commodity programs would make little sense. Issue one: crop production can change considerably from year to year due to weather and disease, and issue two: over the long-haul supply increases faster than demand.
Governments as far back as second millennium BC Egypt and late first millennium B.C.-early first millennium AD China have recognized that crop failures can have a negative impact on their citizens in terms of food availability and prices and disruption to the economy. China also recognized that times of excess production could result in low price problems for its farmers.
With the opening up of the Western Hemisphere to European markets, the problem of supply increasing at a faster rate than demand began to rear its head in the U.S. and elsewhere in the New World. At first, the rate of increase of new agricultural land being brought into production was the cause of this rate differential. By the twentieth century, investment in agricultural research, education, and extension—much of it by governments—became significant factors allowing supply to increase faster than demand and leaving farmers to face long periods of low prices.
The recent drought has reminded us that issue one is still in play. But what about issue two? Over the long-run will supply out-pace demand in the years ahead, as it has typically done for centuries? In recent columns, we have described developments that suggest that despite this year’s massive drought in the U.S. and maybe as a consequence of the resulting high prices, crop agriculture may once again face long periods of low prices. But some other analysts see the future differently.
In a paper delivered at a Farm Science Review on September 18, 2012, in Ohio, one of our ag econ colleagues, Luther Tweeten, argued that “the era of falling real prices of food is over.” Tweeten wrote, “two ‘megatrends’ are underway, one on the food supply side and another on the food demand side.”
Tweeten begins by looking at food supply, writing that “U.S. excess production capacity totaled 6 percent in 1962 and averaged near that proportion throughout the 1960s. In sharp contrast, excess production capacity in U.S. agriculture today is near zero.” While seeing the 2012 drought as “transitory,” he says if global warming is underway, we may see “unusual weather events such as storms and drought.”In a New Zealand first, breweries Lion and DB will add nutritional information panels to beer bottles, cans and packaging.
These labels will give consumers information about the sugar, calories, dietary fibre, protein and carbohydrate content of their beers.
Throughout the year 450 million nutritional labels will be rolled out onto packaging on a wide range of beers including Steinlager, Macs, Speights, Tui and Monteiths.
It's the first step of a Brewers Association promotion campaign called 'Beer the Beautiful Truth' that aims to "bust myths and communicate nutritional facts about beer".
Brewers Association external relations director Kevin Sinnott said while DB and Lion are on board so far, they welcome other New Zealand breweries to join the campaign.
He says the initiative will help keep consumers informed about beer. "Beer gets a bad rap at times, often due to misconceptions around what's in it.
"With nutrition information panels, everything is out in the open. And we think people might be pleasantly surprised by the beautiful truth about beer."
A press release from the campaign was keen to push the fact that beer is low sugar.
"Most people don't know that most beer is 99 percent sugar free. Malted barley is one of the key ingredients in beer, and in the brewing process the starch from malted barley is converted into sugar. This sugar, or sugar from any other ingredient such as wheat, other grains, or natural cane sugar, is then converted into alcohol by the yeast during the fermentation process. As a result, the finished beer is very low in sugar."
Janet Weber, senior lecturer at Massey University's institute of food and science, said that focussing on low sugar is "very misleading to the consumer".
"Obviously they've chosen to focus on the sugar, it's the buzz thing now isn't it - everyone wants sugar free. But they're sort of ignoring the fact that alcohol provides quite a lot of kilojoules."
Ms Weber says it's important for people to think about the total kiloujoules in what they are drinking, in addition to the food they're eating.
"Alcohol itself contributes more kiloujoules per gram than sugar does."
She says "it seems a bit unusual" that nutrition labels weren't listed on beers already, but thinks the labels will be useful for people to compare across brands.
"Alcohol is very important to our society but it is not actually safe at the levels we drink. We can't make it healthy by saying it's low in sugar".
All the nutritional information included on participating beers is also available to view on the website beerthebeautifultruth.co.nz.纳米氧化镁不仅可用于阻燃加工，还可用于其他产品的生产加工。在亚铵法制浆生产中，用氧化镁代替氨水。结果表明，用氧化镁作碱性缓冲液时，料浆各项指标均能达到与氨水法相近的水平。以氧化镁为缓冲液，纸浆易漂白，在蒸煮过程中可促进脱木素。减少污染物排放，保护环境，降低成本。
氢氧化镁可用于纸浆漂白。与传统漂白工艺相比，氢氧化镁可以代替烧碱。同时，氢氧化镁可以改善纸浆的粘度，保持纸浆的白度，降低COD含量和生产成本。在用过氧化氢漂白纸浆的过程中，用氧化镁或氢氧化镁代替烧碱，可降低纸浆中铁、锰离子的含量，避免因铁过量而发黄，提高纸浆质量。同时，氧化镁和氢氧化镁具有缓冲作用，pH值易于控制。如果与磷酸盐、硅酸盐等无机络合剂结合，效果会更好。
纳米氧化镁可作为润湿剂改善脱墨效果。将传统的亚硫酸盐制浆工艺改进为亚硫酸镁混合制浆工艺。经过改进，劣质木材可以作为原料。生产的纸浆可用于制造新闻印刷纸，化学品和废热可回收利用。这样就解决了造纸厂传统亚硫酸盐法制浆中的许多生态和经济问题。
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- 纳米二氧化钛主要用途“急急如律令”为何成为了道教的标志性语言？我国存在很多种宗教，我国是一个文化相对自由的国家，这些宗教在我国的这片沃土之上也很蓬勃的发展着，它们还都存在着很多的自己的特色，像是参拜的方式、表达自己虔诚的方式,www.733678.com，还有说话的方式等等，这些都是在时间的帮助下积累到了一定的程度成为了一种自成体系的文化。
今天我们就来说一下道教一种说话方式。道教是我国的本土宗教了，它在这里产生也在这里发展，有着很悠久的文化，像是我们看过的很多电视剧中都有其存在，什么玉皇大帝或是太上老君之类的天庭中的各类神仙都是在到道教中存在的人物。
道教已经有着将近两千年的历史了，在我国也有很多文学大家是道教的代言人，像是老子、王重阳等等，他们的思想和文学作品都给我国留下了很重要的发展素材，即使是到了现在，依旧有很多人在研究他们的言行作品。
今天我们要说的是一句道教经常用的话，所以才在前面做了关于道教的铺垫，这句话是“急急如律令”，说到这句话我们应该是很熟悉了，不知道大家是怎么知道的，我知道这句话是在看僵尸电影时经常听到那些捉鬼的道士说的，一般都是在施法的时候才说。那么为什么要说这句话呢，这句话又是怎么跟道教产生联系的。
标签 道教 急急如律令 语言 我国 时间Deve Hörgüçünde Gerçekten Su Depolar Mı?
Develer hörgüçlerinde gerçekten su depolar mı, develerin hörgüçlerinde ne bulunur, deve hörgücünün içerisinde ne olur, deve hörgücünde kaç litre su olur, Deve Hörgüçünde Gerçekten Su Depolar Mı…
Develer , su içmeye ihtiyaç duymadan haftada bir kez gitme kabiliyetleri ile tanınırlar - kurak ortamlarda seyahat eden insanlar için onları özellikle faydalı hayvanlar haline getirir ve onlara “ çöl gemileri” takma adını kazandıran bir yetenek . aynı zamanda önde gelen hörgüç leri(türlere bağlı olarak bir veya iki hörgüç ) ile bilinir; bu, birçok insanın daha sonra erişim için suyun depolanmasında kullanıldığına inanmasına neden olur. Ancak, develerin hörgüç aslında gıda kıt olduğu zaman bir beslenme kaynağı olarak kullanılan su değil, yağ dokusu depolar.
Öyleyse, develer, diğer memeliler gibi, vücutlarına eşit şekilde yayılmaları yerine neden bu hörgüç de depolarlar? Develer tipik olarak, yiyecek kaynaklarının gelmesinin zor olabileceği çölde yaşar. Bir deve gıdaya uzun süre erişemediğinde, vücut beslenme için hörgüç deki yağı metabolize edebilir. Deve yiyeceksiz uzun bir süre geçerse, hörgüç sönebilir ve sarkabilir, ancak deve yakıt ikmali yaptıktan sonra tekrar dik dururlar. Devenin hendekleri aynı zamanda hayvanın, gün boyunca sıcaklıkların çok yüksek olabileceği ve geceleri sert bir şekilde düşebileceği çölde önemli bir özellik olan vücut sıcaklığını düzenlemesine yardımcı olur. Yağlı dokuları sırtlarında hörgüç ile yoğunlaştırarak, Develer, sıcaklığın yüksek olduğu gün boyunca vücutlarındaki ısı yalıtımını en aza indirebilir ve vücut sıcaklıkları artar. Ardından, gece, ekstra ısı deve gövdesinin geri kalan kısmından yayılır, böylece sıcaklık daha soğuk olduğunda vücut sıcaklıkları çok düşük olmaz.
hörgüçsu depolamamasına rağmen, develer, günlük kullandıkları su miktarında hala inanılmaz derecede etkilidir, bu yüzden neredeyse bir hafta içmeden içebiliyorlar. Bu kısmen oval olan kan hücrelerinin benzersiz şekli nedeniyledir . Oval şekilli kan hücreleri, develerin büyük miktarda su (bir oturuşta 30 galon'a kadar!) Tüketmesine izin verir, çünkü hücreler daha elastiktir ve şekilleri daha kolay değiştirebilir. Bu şekil aynı zamanda bir çölde sık görülen su kıt olduğu zaman kanlarının daha kolay akmasını sağlar.
Bir deve sinekleri, hayvanın çöl gibi zorlu bir ortamda hayatta kalması için inanılmaz derecede önemlidir. Sinekleri olmadan, bir devenin fazla ısınması ve terlenmesi daha olasıdır - ama yine de, devenin hörgüçlerinde değil, çok fazla suyu tutmasına yardımcı olan oval şekilli kan hücreleridir.Ci sforziamo di rendere questo sito semplice (facile da usare), utile e accessibile (in ogni città o villaggio) a tutti i musulmani del mondo.
Ma se hai domande, suggerimenti, critiche o commenti su questo sito puoi inviarcelo tramite il modulo sottostante.
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Domande religioseDomande su Islamپنتِن (Pantene) محصولی از شرکت پراکتر اند گمبل (P&G) بیش از 60 سال است که پنتِن با استفاده از جدیدترین فناوری های روز دنیا، محصولاتی مرغوب و با کیفیت به مشتریان خود عرضه می کند. این محصولات نمونه های بارز مراقبت جدی از مو بوده و روش های موثری در دستیابی به موهایی زیبا و سالم را ارائه می کنند. نام پنتِن به پنتنول اشاره دارد. این ترکیب در سال 1940 در سوئیس تولید شد که در حین درمان های تجربی برای التیام سوختگی در طول جنگ جهانی دوم، ظاهرا" در ایجاد بهبودی و سلامت، قابلیت انعطاف و آبرسانی نمودن به موها تاثیرگذار بوده است. در سال 1947 میلادی شرکت داروسازی سوئیسی Hoffman-La Roche, شامپوی پنتِن را تولید و آن را به عنوان محصولی جدید به بازار اروپا عرضه کرد. در ابتدا شامپوی پنتِن فقط در اروپا موجود بود ولی بدلیل برخورداری از فرمولاسیون مناسب و دقت بر روی کنترل کیفیت محصولات، در مدت زمان کوتاهی آوازه پنتِن از مرزهای اروپا فراتر رفت. در حقیقت، استقبال توریست های امریکایی از شامپوی پنتِن باعث شد که خرده فروشان آمریکایی به واردات پنتِن از سوئیس بپردازند. پس از اینکه شرکت پروکتر اند گمبل در سال 1985 شرکت ریچاردسون - ویکز را خریداری نمود، راه ورود پنتِن به بازار ایالات متحده هموار شد، سپس با رشد و توسعه در آسیا، به برندی جهانی مبدل گردید.What is the meaning of radioactive dating
This document discusses the way radiometric dating and stratigraphic principles are used by looking at the ratio between the original radioactive isotope and. Learn about different types of radiometric dating, such as carbon dating understand how decay and half life work to enable radiometric dating play a game that tests your ability to match the percentage of the dating element that remains to the age of the object. Radiometric dating methods are the strongest direct evidence that meaning particles that can appear in radioactive-series dating could be open to. Learn more about radioactive decay what is meant by the half life of a radioactive isotope how is carbon- 14 dating hands on model to demonstrate the meaning. Radioactive dating definition, radiometric dating see more (rā'dē-ō-mět'rĭk) a method for determining the age of an object based on the concentration of a particular radioactive isotope contained within it. But the radioactive atoms used in dating techniques have been subjected to heat, cold, pressure, vacuum, acceleration, and strong chemical reactions to the extent. Freebase (000 / 0 votes) rate this definition: radiometric dating radiometric dating is a technique used to date materials such as rocks, usually based on a comparison between the observed abundance of a naturally occurring radioactive isotope and its decay products, using known decay rates. Radioactive meaning, definition, what is radioactive: having or producing the energy that comes from the breaking up of atoms: learn more.
Start studying radioactive dating learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Radioactive dating definition chemistry carbon-14 36cl has removed anthony scaramucci from oxford dictionaries all radioactive dating uses of fossil. Radioactive dating is a method for calculating the age of rocks and fossils by considering the concentrations of certain elements.
Looking for the meaning or definition of the word radioactive dating here are some definitions. The nitty gritty on radioisotopic dating radioactive decay radioisotopic dating relies on the process meaning that they are very confident that the true. Definition of radioactive dating in the financial dictionary - by free online english dictionary and encyclopedia what is radioactive dating meaning of radioactive dating as a finance term.
Radiometric dating is a means of determining the age of a mineral specimen by determining the relative amounts present of certain radioactive elements by age we mean the elapsed time from when the mineral specimen was formed radioactive elements decay (that is, change into other elements) by. Radiometric dating is used to estimate the age of rocks and other objects based on the fixed decay rate of radioactive what is radioactive dating - definition.
Radioactive definition is — of, caused by, or exhibiting radioactivity of, caused by, or exhibiting radioactivity how to use radioactive in a sentence. Definition of radiocarbon dating in the audioenglishorg dictionary meaning of radiocarbon dating what does radiocarbon dating mean proper usage of the word radiocarbon dating. Radioactive dating works by measuring the percentage of a radioactive isotope present in a sample if 50% of the radioactive isotope is left one half life has passed.
What is the meaning of radioactive dating
Radiocarbon dating, also known as the c14 dating method, is a way of telling how old an object isit is a type of radiometric datingthe method uses the radioactive isotope carbon-14. This document discusses the way radiometric dating and stratigraphic by looking at the ratio between the original radioactive (by large i mean. What is the meaning of radioactive carbon dating things absorb c14 at a certain rate, abd they stop when they die what is is radioactive dating based on.
Half-life: half-life,, in dating: principles of half-life is defined as the time period that must elapse in order to halve the initial number of radioactive. Radioactivity is the emission of radiation from an unstable atomic nucleusthis emission of energy is called radioactive decaythe radiation can be emitted in the form of a positively charged alpha particle (α), a negatively charged beta particle(
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Bureau en Gros).
IMPORTANT NOTE #004 Industrialization began in Europe (Great Britain) around 1750.
IMPORTANT NOTE #005 Technology plays an important role in industry since PRODUCTIVITY IS INCREASED. This means factories could produce “with greater speed, efficiency, and precision, larger amounts of goods at a lower cost.”
IMPORTANT NOTE #006 On September 4 th, 1892 in New York, the world’s first electric plant was able to supply electricity to about sixty (60) residential, commercial, and industrial customers.
IMPORTANT NOTE #007 Using a simple cable, energy was delivered to factories instantly, which was much more efficient process then transporting coal, a bulky, heavy resource.
IMPORTANT NOTE #008 The two following inventions, the computer and the first power plant changed a lot by making things run more faster and making work easier for the workers.
IMPORTANT NOTE #009 Like all businesses, industrial companies are looking for returns, in other words, profits. The following formula allows us to calculate profits: revenues from sales – production costs= profits.
IMPORTANT NOTE #010 Companies look for maximum returns by aiming for high sales revenues and the lowest possible production costs. To do this, they must take into account the cost of the necessary resources (raw materials, energy sources, labor, etc.) in order to produce goods that meet consumers’ need. Choosing a good site contributes to increasing a company’s returns.
IMPORTANT NOTE #011 One effective way to make a company’s activities profitable consists of choosing the most advantageous location, according to the resources needed for production. A single factor may be decisive, but the company may also look for a combination of two or more factors.
IMPORTANT NOTE #012 LOCATION FACTOR: ENERGY FACTOR: RAW MATERIALS: TRANSPORTATION MARKETS: LABOUR: Type of Company Aluminum smelter: Paper manufacturer: A refinery: Agri-food: Electronic equipment: Justification Electricity Trees Space Time Recruit specialized labour
IMPORTANT NOTE #013 Some government programs (subsidies, low income tax rates, tax exemptions, etc.) constitute incentive measures that influence companies when it comes time to choose a site.
IMPORTANT NOTE #014 In Europe, at the turn of the 21 st century, Ireland had the lowest tax rate: 12.5%. In 2005, over 1000 foreign companies, employing nearly people, choose to locate there to benefit from this low rate.
IMPORTANT NOTE #015 The industrial sector promotes the development of many other sectors. For example, the automobile industry brought about the construction of huge road networks. It also meant the creation of service stations, repair centers, car washes, and automotive scrapyards. Moreover, the automobile industry enabled the development of many businesses in the tertiary sector, such as insurance companies, driving schools, etc.Good morning Year 1.
English – Today I would like you to look through the book ‘The Jolly Postman or other people’s letters’ and see what you can tell from the words and pictures about the Jolly Postman. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gpeo_0yoD0k
-What type of character is he?
-What does he like?
-What does he dislike?
-What questions would you like to ask him?
-What advise would you give him?
Maths – Practise counting in 2’s. What do you notice about the pattern? Are they odd or even? You can practise counting in 2’s by ordering the numbers using this game: https://www.topmarks.co.uk/ordering-and-sequencing/caterpillar-ordering
Phonics – Practise the codes /s/ /ss/ and /ce/. Can you remember where we find each piece of code, the beginning, middle or end? Can you write word lists for each spelling?
Science – When we get mail it comes in different packages (envelopes, bags, cardboard). The postmen and women have to deliver mail no matter what the weather. I want you to investigate the best material to use to keep the mail dry. Use a range of materials and test how waterproof they are. Does it need to have any other properties? e.g. flexible, opaque, lightweight.
Have a great day!یاد گرفتن سر کلاس
سلام خدمت شما. برای بهتر درس یاد گرفتن سر کلاس ، بایدچی کار کنیم؟
من راستش سرعت نوشتنم یه کم پایینه چون هم باید یه بار وقتی استاد سوال رو حل می کنه گوش کنم تا متوجه بشم
و بعدش اون رو تو جزوم بنویسم
و این باعث میشه بعضی وقتا در حالی که دارم سوال قبلی رو تو جزوم می نویسم ، استاد بره یه سوال دیگه رو حل کنه.
علاوه بر افزایش دادن سرعت نوشتنم باید چی کار کنم؟ ممنون美國聯邦檢察官對制造紐約和新澤西州爆炸案的嫌犯拉哈米（Ahmad Khan Rahami ）提起5項指控，指控內容包括使用大規模殺傷性武器，稍後或加控涉及槍械的罪名。
美國廣播公司報道，警方通過監控攝像頭發現嫌犯蹤影，並在案發36小時之內將嫌疑人逮捕。
英國《衛報》指，2014年拉哈米的父親就曾致電聯邦調查局，擔心他的兒子可能是一名恐怖分子，不過兩星期後改口說，兒子不時與黑幫分子接觸。警方對拉哈米也曾進行過調查，拉哈米當時涉及一宗家庭糾紛，他被指刺傷弟弟，不過警方並未發現拉哈米與恐怖組織有關。Fortunately, people are increasingly more worried about the effects that certain foods have on their health, but there is still a long way to go. One thing there seems to no longer be any doubt about is the harm that sugar causes to our bodies. Its consumption may be linked to several health problems, from diabetes to cardiac problems, reflux, hormonal imbalance, just to name a few.
As you already know, there are several types of diets out there and many of them advocate different, and sometimes opposing, concepts. However, all of them are in agreement regarding the following: sugar is the true villain responsible for us not being here to watch our grandchildren grow. Don’t believe everything you hear. Research, read, and become more informed.
“We are the first generation in which children will die younger than their parents.”
The human body is a perfect machine and we are responsible for ruining it. It’s more than time for us to take control and become responsible for our health. Don’t just take in any kind of information, look for other sources, listen to other opinions. The first thing you need to do in order to have good health is becoming more informed about what you are doing from the very first drink or bite of the day. How much time do you invest researching for the best car, TV set or house? Do you invest as much time learning about the fuel you put in your body? The minimum you need to know in order to learn how to live with it, if eliminating it completely from your life isn’t viable.
When we use the word sugar, we are not just referring to those white crystals that you mix into your coffee (aspartame isn’t the best option, but I’ll leave this topic for another time), nor am I talking about chocolate or desserts, I’m referring to all the sugar that’s hidden in yogurt, cereal, bread, pasta sauce…
Why is sugar bad for us?
Sugar (white, brown, any type) isn’t just bad for us because it is fattening. Of course, obesity is another great villain, but I will tell you something that doesn’t require a lot of research to discover: the human body cannot tolerate the immense amount of carbohydrates (sugar is a carbohydrate) that many of us ingest. Sugar doesn’t contain fibers, minerals, proteins, enzymes, nothing. Only empty calories. What happens when we eat a refined carbohydrate like sugar? To maintain the balance I mentioned before, our body must “borrow” vital nutrients from healthy cells in order to completely metabolize that sugar. Calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium, to name only a few, are taken from various parts of our body to “digest” sugar. Many times, so much calcium is taken from our body in order to neutralize the effects of sugar that we decalcify. This way we end up becoming victims of osteoporosis, for example. Likewise, our teeth are affected and they lose their components until cavities appear and accelerate their decaying process. Not to mention that children are becoming obese, are irritable and nervous, teenagers are slowly dragging themselves around, living a sedentary lifestyle without having energy to do absolutely anything. Can you believe that sugar is a large contributor to our bad mood and irritability?
Not to mention the fact that sugar “feeds” candida (I talk more about this in the article “10 sinais de que você pode ter cândida”, a good fungus that lives harmoniously in our bodies, but which, when it increases indiscriminately, causes an infestation responsible for several symptoms including fatigue, digestive problems, etc.) Sugar also feeds cancer, as I’ve said in the article “Sugar Feeds Cancer”.
7 tips to diminish your sugar intake
If you still aren’t able to completely cut off sugar from your daily life, take some measures to decrease its impact.
1-Pay attention to labels. Sugar has different names.
Fruit Juice Concentrate
High Fructose Corn Syrup
2- Cut out soft drinks from your life once and for all. We are in the XXI century! With so much information available to us, we can’t consume soft drinks anymore. Here I also include juices that come in cartons. “Diet” and “light” versions contain aspartame and other ingredients that aren’t healthy!
3- Stop sweetening your coffee: If you still drink coffee (which I would also advise you to drink less), try to get used to drinking it without sugar. Try a few times, your palate will adapt to it, I guarantee. You may eventually reach the conclusion that you don’t like the real taste of coffee. Aspartame is also not advisable.
4- Substitute boxed cereals for oats: or make your own muesli or granola with a mixture of cereals, nuts and seeds.
5- Avoid desserts: establish a goal. You don’t have to cut out desserts completely or immediately. Gradually decrease how often you eat them, or leave desserts for the weekend or just for dinner on Friday. Slowly try to find more flavour in fruits.
6- Avoid processed foods: the salty taste of some processed foods conceal the absurd amount of preservatives that they possess. Their shinny appearance is obtained through the use of sugar, which is also used as a preservative.
7- Give home cooked meals priority: create a pleasant space for cooking, invite friends over, learn new recipes. Eating out or always depending on fast-food delivery makes it easier for us to eat things we shouldn’t.
It’s important for us to always maintain a balanced diet and our bodies healthy so that we may, occasionally, cheat and eat things we crave, regardless of whether they are healthy or not. And we may also enjoy it more, without guilt, because it won’t affect our health in a negative way.
What do you think? Is it possible to eliminate sugar from your life?Although we're nearly a month past the shortest day of the year and we get a few added minutes of sunlight with each passing day, we've still got a couple of months to go before the first day of spring gets here. After the excitement of the holidays pass, we get into the depths of winter, when it can sometimes be hard to get out of bed. With cold temperatures, gray skies and frosty windshields, it's tempting to stay in bed and hibernate! For many of us, winter causes seasonal depression—about half a million people are affected each year by Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) and thousands more get a milder form of the winter blues, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Symptoms of SAD include lethargy, low self-esteem, anxiety, sleepiness and the desire to be alone. While the causes of SAD aren't certain, the Mayo Clinic says the reduction in sunlight can cause a change in our biological clocks, a drop in levels of serotonin (which keeps us from getting depressed) and a disruption in the hormone melatonin (which affects sleep patterns).
Fortunately, a few easy behavior modifications can help us fight sad.
1. Work with the sun: As we discussed in this recent article, simply giving yourself daily access to sunlight can help. If privacy isn't a concern, sleep with your curtains open so the morning sun can help you wake up. Start the day with a daily dose of sunshine, in the form of a brisk walk around the block (I know this can be hard to do in cold winter temperatures, but it truly does help!). If you work indoors all day, make time to take three 10-minute walks throughout the course of the day. Then, at night, avoid blue-based lights such as those from televisions and computer screens. These lights mimic the color quality of sunlight and can disrupt our release of melatonin, keeping us awake and not allowing us to follow our healthy, natural sleep patterns.
2. Get exercise: Exercise naturally releases endorphins in our brains, which help us feel happier. Regular exercise also helps us sleep better, allowing us to keep a regular sleep pattern. If you exercise outdoors, you're also giving your body a daily dose of fresh air and sunshine—two of our bodies' requirements it can be easy to miss in winter.
3. Light therapy: If you suffer from severe SAD or if you live in a place where dreary days make it hard to EVER get sunlight, consider bright light therapy. Light therapy boxes radiate a very bright light, similar to sunlight. Exposure to the light is said to produce a change in brain chemicals that helps improve your mood.
4. Supplements: Exposure to sunlight allows our bodies to manufacture vitamin D, a vital nutrient for immune system regulation, metabolism and brain health. When we don't get enough sunlight, we might be creating insufficient levels of vitamin D. A supplement can help. If we're getting virtually no sunlight, here are our vitamin D requirements, according to this article from Medical News Today.
Children up to 13 years - 5 mcg (200 IU)
14-18 years - 5 mcg (200 IU)
19-50 years - 5mcg (200 IU)
51-70 years - 10 mcg (400 IU)
71+ years - 15 mcg (600 IU)Childhood obesity has become epidemic in the United States. Results from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicate that an estimated 17% of children and adolescents aged 2-19 years are obese compared to only 5% in 1971. According to the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health, obesity rates for 10 to 17-year-old children range from 10% in Oregon to 22% in Mississippi.
Because of this alarming increase in childhood obesity, health behavior modification and nutrition education of school children have become a major focus area of LPI’s outreach and education program. In the 2009/10 school year, we conducted a year-long study to increase fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity among elementary school children in 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades at a school in Corvallis, Oregon. The study was a success: 75 percent of enrolled students completed the study and improved their dietary and exercise habits, and many students lost weight (LPI Fitness & Nutrition Study). One important lesson we learned, however, was that we need to further develop and improve our nutrition education curriculum to increase its effectiveness and have a greater impact on the children's health behavior. To this end, we recruited a highly qualified graduate student—and former elementary school teacher—from the Department of Mathematics and Science Education at Oregon State University, who will help us develop a professional, effective nutrition curriculum.Description of the Project
The nutrition curriculum will reflect the core tenets of LPI regarding a healthy diet and lifestyle and will be divided into three age-appropriate segments:
This allows a student entering kindergarten to be exposed to the entire nutrition curriculum over the course of his/her elementary school years. We believe that a successful nutrition curriculum needs to be engaging and tied to other subject areas that the students are studying in school, making the content of the curriculum more meaningful and applicable. It will also make it easier for the teachers to incorporate the curriculum into their lesson plan. Therefore, our curriculum will include many hands-on activities that relate to math, science, and English language skills.Goals and Objectives
The goal of this project is to develop a curriculum that can be taught to teachers in the form of workshops, so that they themselves can teach the curriculum to their students ("Teach the Teachers"). This will increase effectiveness of the program and reduce costs, since there is no need for a separate instructor. Instead, the teachers can use the curriculum as they see fit and as it fits into their lesson plans. We believe this will increase the likelihood that teachers will take time out of their busy lesson plans to educate their students about a healthy diet and lifestyle, factors that also contribute to successful learning.
Teachers attending the workshops will receive a complete workbook, including the "manipulatives" required to teach the curriculum. Manipulatives will include didactic items such as imitation food (e.g., to teach portion size), food cards, or story books for younger children. Teachers completing the workshops will also earn continuing education credits.
We plan to offer these workshops at an affordable cost to teachers in the Corvallis School District and our neighboring school districts in the Willamette Valley. It is our hope that we will eventually be able to offer these workshops in school districts nationwide.Sponsor
This project has been funded by Joan Facey.Invasive pests can burrow into trees that then become firewood. When the firewood moves, the pests move with it—without the transporter knowing—to uninfested areas. Untreated firewood can also harbor other types of insects and diseases that can greatly harm trees and shrubs.
Invasive, tree-killing beetles tunnel into trees and eat their insides. Leaf-munching caterpillars can strip trees of their leaves, leaving those trees vulnerable to other pests and diseases that could kill them.
Your backyard and neighborhood trees and shrubs, America's forests, and jobs supported by the forestry industry—not to mention your ash baseball bat and breakfast maple syrup. Wildlife that depends on forest ecosystems could also suffer.
Deny these hitchhikers a free ride in your firewood. Buy firewood where you burn it. If you must move firewood (even just a short distance), make sure it has been heat treated to kill any pests that might have been in or on it.
Learn more about how to help stop the spread of invasive pests through firewood at https://www.dontmovefirewood.org/how-to-help/.Who was Kabir Das ji ?
Kabir was a 15th-century Indian mystic poet and saint, whose writings influenced Hinduism's Bhakti
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. Instruct students to pay close attention to how Sister handles a tough situation with her peers. Stop periodically during the story and allow students to comment on what Sister is experiencing and feeling.
Step 5: After reading, ask questions to help students recall how Sister acted in the face of peer pressure, such as:
- Was it difficult for Sister to make her decision to go against the group?
- Was Sister able to avoid peer pressure?
- Who did Sister talk with to get help?
Step 6: Ask students if they have ever been in a similar situation where they felt pressured and uncomfortable. How did they handle it? What happened in the end?
Step 1: Begin by telling students that this week, they will learn and practice an important decision-making skill called "Stop, Explore, Go!" that will help them when they have to make difficult choices like Sister did in the story The Berenstain Bears and the In-Crowd. Introduce the traffic signal displaying "Stop! Explore, Go!" Teach the following:
- Stop! You need to stop and think about it.
- Explore Look at all the possible choices and choose the best one.
- Go! Go ahead and do what you chose to do. This may not be so easy. You may need help from someone.
Step 2: Help students explore the ways Sister used Stop! in the story The Berenstain Bears and the In-Crowd. Ask students to share when they have stopped to think about a situation in the past.
Step 3: Help students consider ways Sister explored possible choices of actions. Who helps Sister come up with a solution to her problem?
Step 4: Help students understand how Sister put her plan into action — Go! What strategy did Sister decide would be the best? Does her strategy work? Was the result positive or negative? Ask students to share about a time when they had a few options to choose from and how they made their decision.
Step 1: Begin by reminding the students that Sister had a few choices to make in the story The Berenstain Bears and the In-Crowd. Today they will learn how to explore the positive and negative consequences that come with making a decision.
Step 2: Ask students to recall Sister's choices. Share the large Consequences T-Chart you prepared ahead of time. Discuss with students the various choices Sister makes in the story. Explain that a choice is also called an option. What good things might happen as a result of choosing this option? What bad things might happen as a result of this choice? Record students' responses under the appropriate column. Explain that the result of a choice is called a consequence. Talk about the difference between a positive and a negative consequence.
Step 3: Explore other possible options with students and repeat the procedure. Guide a discussion about consequences.
Step 4: Ask students to compare the positive and negative consequences for each option. Explain that a good option is safe, healthy, considerate of others, and obeys rules or laws. Talk about how the choice Sister made was the best decision she could make in her situation.
Step 1: Inform students that they will complete their own consequences chart with a partner. Brainstorm with students three realistic — real or imagined — circumstances, similar to Sister's, that might involve peer pressure. Encourage students to come up with appropriate scenarios that have positive and negative consequences, such as a new student joins the class, but your friends discourage you from inviting him to sit with your group during lunch. Record at least three class-generated scenarios and their options on the board or chart paper.
Step 2: Distribute the Positive and Negative Consequences T-Chart printables. Instruct students to choose an option from the list and copy it on the line provided onto their Positive and Negative Consequences T-Chart.
Step 3: Instruct students to find a partner and help each other brainstorm all the positive and negative consequences for that option onto their T-Chart. Ask them to make a decision as a team on how the scenario will be solved. Explain that they will be role-playing this scene with each other and possibly the class.
Step 4: Once students have completed their T-Charts and made their decisions, instruct them to make up a skit on this particular situation, demonstrating the "Stop! Explore, Go!" process, the options, the consequences, who they went to for help, and how a good decision was made. Allow time for them to create the skit. If you have access to puppets, provide them as props.
Step 5: Have students play out their skits with each other.
Step 6: Give students the opportunity to perform their skits with partners for the class.
Supporting All Learners
Encourage the more talkative, animated students to take lead roles in the skits to be performed in class.
Have students create Say No to Peer Pressure posters that depict "Stop! Explore, Go!" to be displayed around the school.
Have students write about a time when they went through the "Stop! Explore, Go!" process to make a decision for homework.
- Complete a Positive and Negative Consequences T-Chart printable
- Participate in a role play activity
- Were students able to role play in the decision making activity?
- Do I need to follow up with additional practice opportunities?
Observe students' ability to create multiple options for a scenario and differentiate between positive and negative consequences.
Evaluate the completed Positive and Negative Consequences T-Chart printables.As I have mentioned in previous posts about us as teachers primarily teaching towards the test and having our own ways of teaching to our preference but we have to keep in mind is this type of teaching really helping our students? We know that simply having students memorize material isn’t cutting it. If we take a look at the “Learning Cone” we find that talking at our students is one of the worst approaches we as educators can use. We need to allow our students to discover while they are learning this is how we reach them, by finding ways to relate to the student. We need to become more of a facilitator of learning, guiding our students instead of telling them.
In order for teachers to best help students, especially those teachers who may not have as much experience with technology as others, it’s important for them to prepare themselves as much as possible. There are many opportunities available to teachers so that they may be able to learn and teach new technology to their students. Workshops can be found online or locally to help teachers with technology. Training are also being done within school systems to help their teachers learn new technology and how it can be used. Professional developments are also available to those interested in learning more about technology. Remember to always reach out to your co-teachers!!
I was able to find two specific websites that offer professional developments to teachers, they can be found at:
This week in my technology class I was shocked by my reading. I found out that the primary reason our students are dropping out of school is because of boredom and lack of technology. I was able to find some incredible numbers within my weekly reading. “More than 1/3 of students in the United States are dropping out of school, only 28% believe school work is meaningful, 21% find their courses interesting, and 39% believe their school work will bear success in their future”. (Understanding the Digital Generation, Jukes, McCain, Crockett) I was able to find a couple of websites that help support why we as educators should use technology in school and some strategies to using it. Check them out!
(Discusses why we should incorporate technology in our schools)
(This site gives educators strategies on using technology with students.)
Due to our changing world our students want to learn through technology based tools, however, most educators prefer their original way of teaching through lecture and talking. This week I wanted to include a chart showing the different preferences between teachers and students. I’m hoping this will give you a little insight on what our students prefer versus what educators prefer.
Just for fun I was curious as to how much you use technology in your classroom. Please take a few minutes and participate in my poll. Thanks!
Our students are termed the “digital generation” simply because they have grown up in a world full of technology; it’s all they know. In order to better reach our students we need to teach in a way that we can relate to them. In order to better understand the gap between our children and adults today I have provided two very interesting articles you can take a look at. We as teachers need to do as much as we can to help close the gap!
(The site above discusses the gap between teachers and students and how it continues to widen.)
(The site above discusses ways the technology gap can be bridged.)Life for the medieval peasant was certainly no picnic. His life was shadowed by fear of famine, disease and bursts of warfare. His diet and personal hygiene left much to be desired. But despite his reputation as a miserable wretch, you might envy him one thing: his vacations.
Plowing and harvesting were backbreaking toil, but the peasant enjoyed anywhere from eight weeks to half the year off. The Church, mindful of how to keep a population from rebelling, enforced frequent mandatory holidays. Weddings, wakes and births might mean a week off quaffing ale to celebrate, and when wandering jugglers or sporting events came to town, the peasant expected time off for entertainment. There were labor-free Sundays, and when the plowing and harvesting seasons were over, the peasant got time to rest, too. In fact, economist Juliet Shor found that during periods of particularly high wages, such as 14th-century England, peasants might put in no more than 150 days a year.
As for the modern American worker? After a year on the job, she gets an average of eight vacation days annually.
It wasn’t supposed to turn out this way: John Maynard Keynes, one of the founders of modern economics, made a famous prediction that by 2030, advanced societies would be wealthy enough that leisure time, rather than work, would characterize national lifestyles. So far, that forecast is not looking good.
What happened? Some cite the victory of the modern eight-hour a day, 40-hour workweek over the punishing 70 or 80 hours a 19th century worker spent toiling as proof that we’re moving in the right direction. But Americans have long since kissed the 40-hour workweek goodbye, and Shor’s examination of work patterns reveals that the 19th century was an aberration in the history of human labor. When workers fought for the eight-hour workday, they weren’t trying to get something radical and new, but rather to restore what their ancestors had enjoyed before industrial capitalists and the electric lightbulb came on the scene. Go back 200, 300 or 400 years and you find that most people did not work very long hours at all. In addition to relaxing during long holidays, the medieval peasant took his sweet time eating meals, and the day often included time for an afternoon snooze. “The tempo of life was slow, even leisurely; the pace of work relaxed,” notes Shor. “Our ancestors may not have been rich, but they had an abundance of leisure.”
Fast-forward to the 21st century, and the U.S. is the only advanced country with no national vacation policy whatsoever. Many American workers must keep on working through public holidays, and vacation days often go unused. Even when we finally carve out a holiday, many of us answer emails and “check in” whether we’re camping with the kids or trying to kick back on the beach.
Some blame the American worker for not taking what is her due. But in a period of consistently high unemployment, job insecurity and weak labor unions, employees may feel no choice but to accept the conditions set by the culture and the individual employer. In a world of “at will” employment, where the work contract can be terminated at any time, it’s not easy to raise objections.
It’s true that the New Deal brought back some of the conditions that farm workers and artisans from the Middle Ages took for granted, but since the 1980s things have gone steadily downhill. With secure long-term employment slipping away, people jump from job to job, so seniority no longer offers the benefits of additional days off. The rising trend of hourly and part-time work, stoked by the Great Recession, means that for many, the idea of a guaranteed vacation is a dim memory.
Ironically, this cult of endless toil doesn’t really help the bottom line. Study after study shows that overworking reduces productivity. On the other hand, performance increases after a vacation, and workers come back with restored energy and focus. The longer the vacation, the more relaxed and energized people feel upon returning to the office.
Economic crises give austerity-minded politicians excuses to talk of decreasing time off, increasing the retirement age and cutting into social insurance programs and safety nets that were supposed to allow us a fate better than working until we drop. In Europe, where workers average 25 to 30 days off per year, politicians like French President Francois Hollande and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras are sending signals that the culture of longer vacations is coming to an end. But the belief that shorter vacations bring economic gains doesn’t appear to add up. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) the Greeks, who face a horrible economy, work more hours than any other Europeans. In Germany, an economic powerhouse, workers rank second to last in number of hours worked. Despite more time off, German workers are the eighth most productive in Europe, while the long-toiling Greeks rank 24 out of 25 in productivity.
Beyond burnout, vanishing vacations make our relationships with families and friends suffer. Our health is deteriorating: depression and higher risk of death are among the outcomes for our no-vacation nation. Some forward-thinking people have tried to reverse this trend, like progressive economist Robert Reich, who has argued in favor of a mandatory three weeks off for all American workers. Congressman Alan Grayson proposed the Paid Vacation Act of 2009, but alas, the bill didn’t even make it to the floor of Congress.
Speaking of Congress, its members seem to be the only people in America getting as much down time as the medieval peasant. They get 239 days off this year.Il tuo obiettivo come fornitore di servizi IT dovrebbe essere quello di offrire il meglio ai clienti riuscendo, al contempo, a massimizzare l'utile. Avere un utile netto sostenibile nel lungo termine è la misura di un business solido e di successo. Se vuoi migliorare i tre risultati – clienti, ricavi e profitto netto – devi lavorare su cinque aspetti fondamentali.
Il Covid ha rallentato alcuni MSP e ne ha fatti decollare altri. Chi ha investito in attività di marketing durante e dopo il lockdown ha più facilità nel trovare clienti nuovi e fidelizzare quelli vecchi. Ma il marketing è un’attività “core” di un MSP?Edirne'nin Kapıkule Sınır Kapısı'ndan Türkiye'ye gelen ve Almanya'da işçi olarak çalışan Veli Altındağ, sınır kapısına ulaşana kadar geçtikleri ülkelerden yanlızca Bulgaristan'da sorun yaşadıklarını ve burada kendilerinden "Rüşvet" alındığını vurguladılar.
Yetkililer ilgilenmiyor
Bulgaristan'da yaşadıkları sorunlar konusunda Türkiye'deki yetkililerin kendileriyle yeterince ilgilenmediğinden yakınan gurbetçi Veli Altındağ, şöyle konuştu: "Türkiye'ye gelecek işçiler, Bulgaristan'dan gündüzleri geçsinler. Gece geçtikleri takdirde güvenlik konusunda sorunlarla karşılaşabilirler. Türkiye'ye komşu olan Bulgaristan'ın bizlerden rüşvet almasına bir anlam veremiyorum. Bir devlet vatandaşını bu kadar ihmal etmez. Yurtdışında adeta sahipsisiz" dedi.
Bebeklerden bile vize alıyorlar
Ho~|~llandalı gurbetçi Ali Karakurt'ta, eşi Emine ve 1.5 yaşındaki kızları Gizem'le Türkiye'ye tatil için geldiklerini belirterek, Bulgaristan'da pasaport başına alınması gereken vize ücretinin kişi başına alınmasından şikayetçi olduklarını bildirdi. Bu arada, Kapıkule Sınır Kapısı'ndan son 24 saat içinde 7 bin 600 gurbetçi yurda giriş yaptı. Kapıkule, Pazarkule ve İpsala Sınır Kapılarında Cuma, Cumartesi ve Pazar günleri yoğun bir gurbetçi trafiği yaşanıyor.Amazzonia: rapporto segreto, progettate 144 dighe
Un documento segreto dell'Agenzia brasiliana di energia elettrica (Aneel), pubblicato oggi da un quotidiano di Manaus, rivela che il governo brasiliano ha pronti 144 progetti per costruire altrettante centrali idroelettriche in Amazzonia.
Si tratta in alcuni casi - secondo quanto riporta 'A Critica', il maggior quotidiano dell'Amazzonia - di impianti di grande capacità. La maggior parte dei progetti riguarda invece centrali "leggere" (sotto i 30 megawatt), distribuite negli stati amazzonici di Acre, Amazonas, Parà, Tocantins, Mato Grosso e Maranhao. Per alcuni di questi progetti, infine, non vengono affatto specificate né portata né potenza: il fatto che siano destinati però a fiumi di grande flusso, come il Rio Madeira (largo vari chilometri in alcuni punti) e il Rio Juruà, fa prevedere che non si tratti di centrali piccole.
"Il problema vero non sono le dimensioni, in realtà - commenta sul giornale la sociologa e ambientalista Telma Monteiro, esperta nell'impatto delle idroelettriche sull'ambiente circostante -. Stiamo parlando di centinaia di centrali in Amazzonia, dove qualsiasi interferenza sul corso dei fiumi provoca conseguenze ambientali massicce e immigrazione in zone che difficilmente sopportano un aumento della popolazione. Altro che energia pulita e a basso costo, come sostiene il governo".FOOD FOR THOUGHT!
The yellow-billed hornbill (Tockus leucomelas) is a fascinating ground-foraging bird and a common resident in Lapalala. Pairs of this bird are monogamous and have a unique way of safeguarding their nest! The female first carefully selects a hole in a tree to lay her eggs and then plucks out all her feathers to use them as nesting material. When she is finished, the male covers the hole with a combination of mud, droppings and saliva by using the side of his beak. He leaves a tiny little opening, through which he can feed the female and her hatchlings. Once the hatchlings are ready for their first flight and mum’s feathers have grown back, they break open the hole and squawk loudly to encourage the chicks to fly out into the wilderness.
AVERAGE TEMPERATURES & RAINFALL
MAY Rainfall = 8.5 mm Min temp = 9.1 °C Max temp = 20.4 °C
RARE BOOMSLANG SIGHTING
When Marilize caught a glimpse of this boomslang (Dispholidus typus) she counted herself lucky, as this shy
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，争议解决后一年内市场价值肯定会超过100亿美元
除了依靠合法渠道外，还可能依靠收购渠道。目前，有四个可靠的投资者在谈论此事，但没有一个人签字。我希望如果有人签字，他们可以购买吴忌寒的股票。
看看吴忌寒和延俊。这些人缺钱吗？
这不是坏钱。当人们到达某个阶段时，他们不在乎钱。他们关心的是权利和尊重的感觉，这是精神层面的刺激
马斯洛的需求总结是正确的。当一个人吃饱喝足时，他开始追求精神刺激。民间的话并没有说他吃饱了撑的。事实上，你们两个最好现在就停下来。让比大陆上市是件好事。由一手创建的公司已经被拆了，看起来不错。
他们不仅吃饱了，而且许多中国人现在有钱了，开始追求其他层次的刺激
这些天，奥迪TT RS不是一个嘈杂的汽车碰撞整个网络，说摩托车也可以使用。摩托车表面速度之王，川崎H2R，这种摩托车的价格是100万，大约70万到80万
川崎H2R通常被称为陆地飞机，也称为寡妇制造机
那年我在跑道上和比飞机比赛
川崎，川崎曾生产飞机发动机
后来，从制造摩托车发动机到制造汽车
现在在魔术朋友圈子里，川崎汽车必须以更高的价格购买。入门级的川崎忍者400小型跑车从下单到启动至少要等半年
抖音有一个兄弟骑着川崎H2R，准备和奥迪泰勒一起出发去比。普通汽车跑不过摩托车，但很难说摩托车这次是否能赢。肉上覆盖着铁，当加速时，它们会转过头来。
还有一种叫做铃木隼，的摩托车，它自称是一种可以带翅膀飞行的摩托车
你知道它为什么叫“猎鹰”吗？
世界上有一种叫游隼的种飞鸟，它是世界上飞得最快的鸟之一。游隼最快的飞行速度可达390公里，比的高速铁路也跑得很快。这只名为“猎鹰”的小猎鹰在高空俯冲下来，以每小时300公里的速度捕食猎物
一辆摩托车被命名为“猎鹰”，意思是告诉别人他可以像有翅膀的猎鹰一样飞翔，而且很霸道
当你以每小时100公里的速度骑摩托车时，你可以感受到风的力量，不是微风，而是猛烈而坚定的风。在夏天的晚上，如果你以每小时100公里的速度骑摩托车，这种感觉真的很酷。随波逐流，任何烦恼都会随风而去。
不要谈论像川崎H2R和枥木猎鹰这样的巨型摩托车
你可能不会凭直觉感受到以200公里/小时和300公里/小时的速度骑摩托车的感觉，这与在汽车里的感觉完全不同。你不会相信当你在一个安全的地方把车开到100英里时，天窗会打开，你的头会伸出来感受风。这只是风速为每小时100公里的风。
你看过跳伞吗？从飞机上跳下时，你没有护目镜或头盔。当降落伞没有打开时，它大约是每小时200公里。在最初的五秒钟内完全失去重心是最酷的。风速会把你的嘴吹掉。你可以在抖音上看到很多跳伞视频
看了那种视频后，我知道快速加速到300公里的摩托车有多不正常
秒天秒地第二航空公司
-وزیر دفاع ایالات متحده در پاسخ به نگرانی های ترکیه دربارۀ ارسال سلاح برای یگان های مدافع خلق سوریه گفت این اقدان نه یک انتخاب، بلکه یک ضرورت در راستای مبارزه با داعش است.
به گزارش دیلی صباح، جیمز ماتیس وزیر دفاع ایالات متحده در دیدار با بینالی یلدریم نخست وزیر ترکیه در لندن گفته است تصمیم ایالات متحده مبنی بر ارسال سلاح برای YPG، یک «انتخاب» نیست، یک «ضرورت» است.
یلدریم در این دیدار به وزیر دفاع ایالات متحده گفت ترکیه حزب کارگران کردستان (PKK) و یگان های مدافع خلق (YPG) را یک سازمان تروریستی واحد می داند و از تصمیم ایالات متحده مبنی بر ارسال سلاح های سنگین برای YPG ابراز نگرانی کرد.
ماتیس در پاسخ به نگرانی ها یلدریم گفت این تصمیم یک انتخاب نیست، بلکه در عملیات آزاد سازی شهر رقه و مبارزه با دولت اسلامی عراق و شام (داعش) یک ضرورت است.
یلدریم به ماتیس گفت ترکیه نگران آن است که سلاح های ارسالی برای YPG در اختیار PKK قرار گرفته و علیه ترکیه مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند.
ماتیس در پاسخ گفت واشنگتن یک سامانۀ ردیابی ایجاد می کند که اطمینان حاصل کند این سلاح ها به گروه های دیگر واگذار نمی شود. وی تأکید کرد YPG پس از آزاد سازی رقه این شهر را ترک خواهد کرد.Aggiornamento per la correzione dei bug di After Effects CC 2015 (13.5.1)
L'aggiornamento par la correzione dei bug di After Effects CC 2015 (13.5.1) è ora disponibile. Questo aggiornamento per la correzione di bug comprende anche alcune piccole modifiche di comportamento.
È possibile installare l'aggiornamento con l'applicazione Creative Cloud per desktop. In alternativa, è possibile controllare la presenza di nuovi aggiornamenti dall'interno di qualsiasi applicazione Adobe scegliendo Guida > Aggiornamenti.
Per dettagli in merito a tutto quello che è stato aggiunto, modificato e corretto in After Effects CC 2015 (13.5), consultate questa pagina. Per dettagli in merito a tutti gli altri aggiornamenti per le varie applicazioni video e audio professionali di Adobe, consultate questa pagina.
Se desiderate porre domande in merito a questo aggiornamento, create un post nel forum utenti di After Effects. Se desiderate inviare richieste di nuove funzioni o segnalazioni di bug, potete farlo qui.
Il team di After Effects sta continuando a studiare altri bug per gli aggiornamenti futuri. Consultate questo articolo per informazioni attuali sui problemi noti.
Correzioni di bug di After Effects CC 2015 (13.5.1)
L'aggiornamento per la correzione di bug di After Effects CC 2015 (13.5.1) risolve questi errori e problemi significativi di utilizzo:
- È stato corretto un problema che impediva a After Effects di rispondere ai comandi per interrompere un'anteprima o rispondere lentamente quando vengono cambiati i parametri del livello, compresa l'immissione di testo in un livello di testo. Quando gli effetti del Tracciatore videocamera 3D e Stabilizzatore alterazione VFX erano disponibili in qualsiasi punto del progetto, After Effects non rispondeva alla tastiera e all'input del mouse durante il rendering dei fotogrammi.
- Sono stati corretti diversi problemi relativi all'audio:
- L'audio ora viene avviato immediatamente durante le anteprime.
- L'interruzione di un'anteprima audio restituisce l'indicatore del tempo corrente (CTI) nella posizione precedente, come accadeva nelle versioni precedenti di After Effects.
- L'aggiunta di marcatori audio durante l'anteprima (premendo * sul tastierino numerico) non causa più il rallentamento della frequenza fotogrammi di anteprima, che interrompeva o disturbava l'audio.
- L'audio di trascinamento presenta ora un leggero ritardo prima di iniziare un ciclo continuo attorno all'indicatore del tempo corrente.
- Il CTI e l'indicatore dell'ora di anteprima (PTI) non scompaiono più dopo l'audio di trascinamento.
- La traccia automatica è stata riscritta per risolvere problemi con la nuova architettura di concatenamento.
- La gestione dell'asse z sui livelli 3D funziona nel modo previsto.
- Le modifiche alle impostazioni Camera Raw applicate al metraggio vengono apportate come previsto e senza causare errori nel formato del file di Photoshop.
- I file MXF delle videocamere Sony vengono importati di nuovo come previsto.
- I plug-in audio come i tasti audio Trapcode e il BorisFX Beat Reactor ora funzionano correttamente.
- Copie multiple di alcuni effetti, come gli effetti di RE:Vision Effects non causano più errori relativi a I_MIX_GUID_DEPENDENCIES.Inoltre, molti altri errori sono stati risolti:
- La copia dell'effetto del controllo di espressione di controllo del livello da un livello a un altro non causa più l'arresto di After Effects.
- Effetti con un parametro del livello relativo al livello host dell'effetto ora funzionano correttamente quando il livello viene copiato e incollato.
- I tratti di Clone Stamp ora non creano più problemi di rendering se il livello sorgente è di dimensioni diverse rispetto al livello di destinazione.
- Il rendering con una sequenza di immagini non ha esito negativo se la cartella di destinazione contiene una sequenza di immagini che è in uso dal progetto.
- I predefiniti di animazione che contengono solo un'espressione non provocano più un messaggio di errore, né creano fotogrammi chiave errati.
- Interrompere la coda di rendering con un elemento di rendering che si trovava precedentemente nello stato WILL_CONTINUE non causa più il passaggio dell'elemento a uno stato errato.
- La frequenza di fotogrammi di anteprima non rallenta quando si passa il puntatore del mouse su un pannello composizione, livello o metraggio di anteprima.
- L'effetto Radio Waves non deve più generare un errore di lettura di memoria non inizializzata.
- After Effects non si blocca più quando la scala di un livello è impostata su 0%, mentre un effetto su tale livello con l'interfaccia utente personalizzata è visibile.
- After Effects non si blocca più in alcuni casi durante l'elaborazione degli errori di espressione.
- After Effects non si blocca più, né genera errori di memoria in determinati casi, quando si utilizzano entrambe le espressioni e durante la nuova mappatura del tempo.
- L'anteprima audio ora funziona in tutte le lingue diverse dall'inglese.
- Le composizioni di After Effects con gli effetti del Warp Stabilizer o del Camera Tracker 3D usati in Premiere Pro tramite Dynamic Link non causano più la comparsa del seguente messaggio di errore: Potrebbe non essere possibile far rientrare FLT_GeneralEffectCallPlus. (25 :: 222 )
L'opzione ''Disattiva audio quando l'anteprima non è in tempo reale'' ora è disattivata come impostazione predefinita
L'opzione ''Disattiva audio quando l'anteprima non è in tempo reale'' si trova in Preferenze > Anteprima ed è ora disattivata come impostazione predefinita L'intento di questa preferenza è di evitare di riprodurre l'audio a singhiozzi nei casi noti, quando la frequenza fotogrammi di anteprima non è in tempo reale, ad esempio durante il primo passaggio di un'anteprima mentre i fotogrammi vengono sottoposti a rendering e inseriti nella cache. Tuttavia, dato che vari bug sono ancora presenti, After Effects CC 2015 che causa il rallentamento della frequenza di fotogrammi di anteprima durante l'interazione dell'utente, anche quando durante l'anteprima vengono riprodotti i fotogrammi memorizzati nella cache, Adobe ha deciso di ascoltare un audio qualsiasi rispetto all'interruzione dell'audio. Continueremo a lavorare su questi bug per un aggiornamento in futuro.
Plug-in Synthetic Aperture Color Finesse 3.0.12
After Effects CC 2015 (13.5.1) include un aggiornamento per il plug-in Color Finesse da Synthetic Aperture. Color Finesse 3.0.12 risolve un bug: su Mac OS X le impostazioni predefinite ora sono caricate dalla cartella adeguata (2015).By definition eLearning have a more personalized learning environment. What’s interesting is that students actually have to contribute to this process, becoming responsible participants in the educational development and planning. Be careful, learning styles has nothing to do with the concept of Individualized Learning Plans! I highly encourage you to read The Myth of Learning Styles for more information concerning the debunking of Learning Styles.
The Individualized Learning Plan educational technique follows a very specific structure, which is divided in 4 stages:
- Initially, the learner’s needs are identified and recorded, with the cooperation of parents, instructors, consultants, and ILP experts.
- Subsequently, the curriculum undergoes the necessary adjustments, based on the above mentioned needs, while educational goals are set on an annual, long or short-term basis.
- The third stage includes the completion and implementation of the Individualized Learning Plan, by determining what needs to be taught, the priorities that should be given and the appropriate methodology that should be followed.
- The final stage includes the monitoring and evaluation of the individualized plan’s outcome, based on the initial goals, which includes the assessment of the program’s effectiveness, the creation of problem-solving strategies, and perhaps the development of new goals, activities or methods.
We shouldn’t also forget that an Individualized Learning Plan should be:
- Flexible and oriented towards the learner’s future endeavors
- Focused on the learner’s potential and dynamics
- Adjusted to the student’s age and learning profile
- Holistic, but at the same time relevant to the learner’s education and background
The Value of Individualized Learning Plans
Based on the statistics provided by the US Department of Labor, the ILP movement started circa 1990s, with many states actually requiring their use, such as South Carolina, Washington and New Mexico. Students found great value in the self-evaluation section of the ILP that helps them determine their interests, while through this process they could also comprehend the connection between the courses they choose and their specific individual goals. According to the same statistics and research, learners were undoubtedly more focused and also linked their career choices with future salaries. Moreover, they were more flexible and open to alternative options and paths.
There is no doubt that ILPs will always depend on a special and sometimes substantial funding, due to the number of people that should be involved in the process. However, since educational technology becomes more and more affordable, it will be a lot easier to promote customized learning and training on a wider spectrum of audience. Let’s not forget about the growing popularity of eLearning proving that distance and individualized learning will soon be a well established preferred practice.Cosa succede quando la regina Elisabetta II scopre casualmente il piacere della lettura? Quando Sua Maestà, per finire in pace un libro, arriva in ritardo a tutti gli appuntamenti ufficiali?
Scene esilaranti, descritte con ironia e raffinatezza, che si concludono con un grande colpo di scena finale.
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To access this title, visit your library in the app or on the desktop website.توت فرنگی یکی از ارزشمندترین میوه ها در جهان است. آنها این موقعیت خاص را مدیون بسیاری از خواص خود هستند، مانند: طعم عالی، بوی مطبوع، لطافت و آبدار بودن و قابلیت مصرف تازه، برای انواع کنسروها و غذاهای منجمد.
با این حال، توت فرنگی درجه یک خوش طعم یک کار طبیعی نیست و نسبتاً اخیراً در قرن هجدهم در فرانسه یا طبق منابع دیگر در هلند پرورش یافته است.
نهال میوه ها، سبزیجات و ادویه های معطر مختلف برای تغذیه دربارهای سلطنتی و اشرافی آن زمان به اروپا وارد می شد. آنها در مزارع تخصصی میوه، سبزیجات و گیاهان در نزدیکی اقامتگاه های سلطنتی و اشرافی کشت می شدند.
در میان میوه های متعددی که برای سفره های سلطنتی و بزرگ تولید می شد، توت فرنگی وحشی نیز وجود داشت که از آمریکای شمالی به اروپا وارد می شد.
چند دهه بعد، در اواسط قرن هجدهم، یک اکتشاف گیاه شناسی دیگر توت فرنگی های وحشی را از آمریکای جنوبی از شیلی آورد.
بطور کاملاً تصادفی گیاهان هر دو گونه در کنار یکدیگر کاشته شدند که به آنها امکان گرده افشانی متقابل و آمیختگی را می داد.
این تلاقی توت فرنگی چیلیایی (Fragaria chiloensis) با توت فرنگی توت فرنگی (Fragaria virginiana) منجر به یک هیبرید گیاهی شد.
در ابتدا، کشت توت فرنگی تحت نظارت دقیق باغبان سلطنتی در ورسای انجام می شد و این میوه های جدید یک دسر غیر معمول برای شام سلطنتی بود.
آنها در بشقاب های مینیاتوری که مخصوص این کار تولید شده بودند سرو می شدند. غذاهای سلطنتی اقامتگاه پادشاهان فرانسوی در ورسای دارای دسرهای توت فرنگی بود.
توت فرنگی به سرعت اروپا و آمریکای شمالی و سپس کل جهان را فتح کرد. واریتههایی که امروزه کشت میشوند، حاصل دههها تلاش پرزحمت اصلاحکنندگانی است که با تلاقی و انتخاب، ژنوتیپهای بهتر و بهتری را به دست آوردند.
توت فرنگی خیلی سریع به لهستان آمد. از باغهای تولیدی سلطنتی که دربار غولپیکر پادشاهان فرانسوی در ورسای را تامین میکردند، پیوند زده شد.
دیدگاه شما با موفقیت ثبت شد.每天犁最有趣和最实用的心理学
婆and一直是婚姻中不可逾越的障碍，男人被困在两个女人之间。
如果您偏爱妻子，则会伤害您的母亲，让她觉得自己像个a妇而忘记了母亲;如果您帮助母亲，对已婚妇女将毫无价值。
曾经发生过这样的事件：婆婆大怒，并因儿子吃掉了女人留下的草莓屁股而被“令人作呕”地谴责，但她被daughter妇窒息而死。
婆婆认为，她努力工作的儿子，无论经历多艰辛，都永远不会让他受苦。她没想到儿子婚后会成为别人的“狗舔”，这使她非常恐惧。
另一方面，她也觉得the妇显然被宠坏，奢侈和奢侈，如果没有适当的管教，她将来的生活将会很糟糕。
互联网用户也对此主题发表了评论。许多人认为婚姻生活中最重要的事情是如何相处，只要你准备好了，就不会有欺负的现象，每个人都一样。
有些人同意婆婆的说法，即the妇确实做错了事。作为
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slavery tell stories of being sold a better life. They are often vulnerable, coming from areas where there is little possibility of work. They are offered a job, a chance to make money and to build a new life for themselves. Those who offer these opportunities may even organise their travel to a different country, controlling every aspect of their trip.
The job they are offered turns out to be a lie and instead they are forced to work in difficult and degrading conditions, with little or no pay. The threat of violence, to themselves or their families, hangs over them and traps them in their situation. Even if their trafficker does not physically control them, a mistrust of authority may stop them from going to the police.
How to spot the signs of modern slavery
You can help to spot the signs of modern slavery. Report your suspicions and concerns to the Modern Slavery Helpline on 08000 121 700 (if you’re in the UK), or the police.
Three of our partner organisations – The Salvation Army, Stop the Traffik and The Clewer Initiative – have lists of signs to look out for on their websites. We have also collated helpful videos with the signs in on our videos page.
*According to a report by the UN’s International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the Walk Free Foundation.نمایندگان مجلس شرایط لیست نامزدهای احزاب، جبهه ها و نامزدهای مستقل در انتخابات مجلس را مشخص کردند.
به گزارش خبرنگار پارلمانی خبرگزاری تسنیم ، نمایندگان مجلس شورای اسلامی، در نشست علنی امروز (سه شنبه، 27 فروردین) قوه مقننه و در جریان بررسی طرح اصلاح موادی از قانون انتخابات مجلس با اصلاح ماده 5 این طرح در خصوص شرایط، ارائه لیست انتخاباتی احزاب، جبهه ها و نامزدهای مستقل با 131 رأی موافق، 60 رأی مخالف و 2 رأی ممتنع از مجموع 217 نماینده حاضر، در جلسه موافقت کردند.
در این مصوبه مجلس آمده است:
ماده 5- یک ماده به شرح ذیل به عنوان ماده (7 مکرر3) به قانون الحاق می شود:
ماده 7 مکرر 3 - احزاب، جبهه ها و نامزدهای مستقل می توانند پس از تأیید صلاحیت داوطلبان و حداکثر تا چهل و هشت ساعت قبل از شروع تبلیغات انتخاباتی نامزدها، فهرست انتخاباتی خود را تنظیم و به ستاد انتخابات کشور یا ستاد انتخابات استان حسب مورد اعلام کنند. فهرست ها به صورت استانی ارائه شده و برای هر حوزه انتخابیه فرعی، به تعداد کرسی های آن حوزه در مجلس، داوطلب معرفی شود.
تبصره 1- احزاب و جبهه ها مکلفند در هنگام ارائه فهرست، موافقت کتبی داوطلبان مبنی بر عضویت در فهرست را ارائه کنند، نام هیچ داوطلبی نباید در بیش از یک فهرست درج شود.
تبصره 2- چنانچه فرد یا افرادی از نامزدهای مذکور در فهرستها به درخواست کتبی خود و تا چهل و هشت ساعت قبل از شروع تبلیغات انتخاباتی از فهرست خارج شوند، حزب با جبهه ارائه کننده فهرست می تواند از میان سایر داوطلبان تأییدصلاحیت شده در حوزه انتخابیه فرعی تا بیست و چهار ساعت پیش از زمان آغاز فرآیند تبلیغات، با رعایت مفاد این ماده فهرست خود را تکمیل کند در غیر این صورت احزاب و جبهه ها حق تغییر فهرست ارائه شده را نخواهند داشت، مگر اینکه به دلایل قهری نامزد یا نامزدهایی از فهرست مزبور حذف شوند. در این صورت حزب یا جبهه می تواند تا چهل و هشت ساعت قبل از شروع أخذ رأی مطابق تشریفات مزبور فهرست خود را تکمیل کند.
تبصره 3- ارائه فهرست صرفا توسط دبیر کل احزاب ملی و استانی که طبق قانون نحوه فعالیت احزاب و گروههای سیاسی مصوب 1395 / 8 / 8 پروانه معتبر فعالیت دارند و همچنین مقامات مسؤول جبهه ها صورت می گیرد، احزاب استانی صرفا جهت حوزه انتخابیه استان محل فعالیت خود حق ارائه فهرست انتخاباتی را دارند.
تبصره 4- در صورت اعلام موجودیت جبهه ها، احزاب ائتلاف کننده حق ارائه فهرست مجزا را نخواهند داشت.
تبصره 5- هر فهرست دارای یک عنوان است و چنانچه عنوان فهرست متفاوت از عنوان حزب یا جبهه های ارائه کننده آن فهرست باشد، عنوان مزبور با رعایت تبصره (4) ماده (2) قانون نحوه فعالیت احزاب و گروههای سیاسی باید به تأیید وزارت کشور برسد.
تبصره 6- رأی دهندگان می توانند به عنوان یک فهرست رأی داده یا نامزد یا نامزدهای منتخب خود را در برگه رأی اعلام کنند، در صورتی که رأی دهنده به صورت همزمان به فهرست ها و نامزدها رأی دهد، رأی به نامزدها ملاک بوده و رأی به فهرست محاسبه نخواهد شد.
تبصره 7- اقلیتهای دینی شناخته شده در قانون اساسی از شمول این ماده مستثنی هستند.
انتهای پیام/
ادامه خبر :
عبدالرحمان شاهحسینی روز گذشته با حضور در یکی از برنامههای تلویزیون از یک فساد جدید در فوتبال ایران پردهبرداری کرد.او که عادت دارد به زیاد استفاده کردن از کلمه موضوع برای علی ضیا در تلویزیون از پروندهای جنجالی حرف زده است!
سانتریفیوژ زونال که از آن در روز 20 فروردین رونمایی شد و قرار است در کشور در تعداد بالا ساخته شود، در تولید انبوه واکسن و داروهای خاص کاربرد دارد.
عضو فراکسیون مستقلان ولایی مجلس از حضور محمد شریعتمداری وزیر تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی در جلسه امروز این فراکسیون خبر داد.
یک عضو فراکسیون امید مجلس شورای اسلامی با اشاره به لزوم پرهیز از سر دادن وعدههای غیر عملی و تخریب رقبای سیاسی گفت: سر دادن شعارهای غیر عملی منجر به افزایش نامعقول انتظارات میشود؛ از سوی دیگر همه قبول دارند که وارد کردن تخریب و تهدید در عرصه رقابتهای انتخاباتی فضا را مسموم میکند و نتایج نامطلوبی به دنبال دارد.
عضو هیئت رئیسه کمیسیون امنیتملی مجلس گفت: سردار سلامی میتواند به نحو شایسته راهبردهای سپاه پاسداران را عملیاتی کرده و به پیش ببرد.
تهران- ایرنا- پیر محمد ملازهی گفت که آمریکا سالی 200 میلیون دلار از تعهد 5 میلیارد دلاری کمک هزینه مبارزه با تروریسم به پاکستان را پرداخت می کرد، ولی ترامپ آن را متوقف و اسلام آباد را مهد تروریسم نامید، بنابراین شباهت ها و منافع مشترکی در مقاومت مقابل واشنگتن بین ایران و پاکستان وجود دارد.
یک عضو کمیسیون کشاورزی مجلس نسبت به بازار عرضه گندم و نابهسامانیهای بهوجود آمده انتقاد کرد.
یک عضو شورای مرکزی انجمن اسلامی مدرسین دانشگاهها گفت: ما هنوز به موضوع انتخابات مجلس شورای اسلامی ورود نکرده و فعالیت انتخاباتی نداشته ایم اما احتمال میدهم بعد از ماه رمضان، ورود جدی به انتخابات داشته باشیم.
دولت آمریکا اعلام کرد به کسانی که درباره 3 عضو حزبالله لبنان اطلاعاتی ارائه دهند تا 10 میلیون دلار پاداش میدهد.
وزارت خارجه آمریکا خبر داد که در حملات روز یکشنبه در سریلانکا ۴ آمریکایی کشته شدند.
عضو ارشد حزب ندای ایرانیان با اشاره به نحوه تعامل این حزب با دیگر گروههای اصلاحطلب گفت: حزب ندای ایرانیان مایل نیست در مکانیزهایی با اصلاحطلبان وارد گفتوگو شود که در آن، بدنه اصلاحات در تصمیمگیریها نقشی نداشته باشند.
وزارت خارجه کره جنوبی در واکنش به اعلام تمدید نشدن معافیت برای خریداران نفت ایران اعلام کرد که سئول در همه سطوح در حال مذاکره با واشنگتن برای تمدید معافیت خود از تحریم های آمریکا است.
یک وکیل دادگستری گفت: زمانی تولید داخلی رونق می گیرد که مصرف کننده داخلی رضایت کاملی نسبت به تولیدات داخلی داشته باشد.
رئیس کمیسیون امنیت ملی و سیاست خارجی مجلس تاکید کرد که هیچگاه فروش نفت ایران به کمتر از یک میلیون بشکه در روز نخواهد رسید.
حضرت آیت الله خامنهای رهبر معظم انقلاب اسلامی در دیدار با نخستوزیر پاکستان و هیات همراه، ارتباط ملتهای ایران و پاکستان را ارتباطی قلبی و عمیق برشمردند و تاکید کردند: روابط دو کشور به رغم دشمنیها باید هرچه بیشتر مستحکم و تقویت شود.
حضرت آیت الله خامنهای رهبر معظم انقلاب اسلامی در دیدار با نخستوزیر پاکستان و هیات همراه، ارتباط ملتهای ایران و پاکستان را ارتباطی قلبی و عمیق برشمردند و تاکید کردند: روابط دو کشور به رغم دشمنیها باید هرچه بیشتر مستحکم و تقویت شود.
فارس نوشت: ۴ آمریکایی در حملات سریلانکا کشته شدند.
فارس نوشت: به علت بارش برف و برودت هوا روز سهشنبه، سوم اردیبهشت ماه برخی از مقاطع تحصیلی در استان اردبیل تعطیل است.
برخی از قانونگذاران آمریکا روز دوشنبه از اقدام رئیسجمهور این کشور در عدم تمدید معافیتهای نفتی برای خریداران نفت ایران استقبال کردند.
روحانی در راس هیات دولت پنجشنبه به کرمانشاه می رود.
ایرنا نوشت: اینترنت کشور در چند روز گذشته با اختلال روبرو شد که این مسئله اعتراض مردم را به کیفیت سراسری اینترنت رقم زد و سازمان تنظیم مقررات پس از پیگیری ها این مشکل را مرتبط با مشکلاتی در مراکز داده اپراتورها اعلام کرد.
ایسنا نوشت: رئیس کمیسیون امنیت ملی و سیاست خارجی مجلس تاکید کرد که هیچگاه فروش نفت ایران به کمتر از یک میلیون بشکه در روز نخواهد رسید.
ایسنا نوشت: عضو ناظر مجلس در شورای عالی انرژی با تاکید بر اینکه تصمیم آمریکا برای به صفر رساندن صادرات نفت ایران همانند گذشته ناکام خواهد ماند، گفت: در دوران قبل از ترامپ نیز چندین بار از این قبیل تصمیمات گرفته شده است و با ناکامی روبه رو شده است، این بار نیز به نتیجهای نخواهد رسید.
روحانی در راس هیات دولت پنجشنبه به کرمانشاه می رود.
ایسنا نوشت: فرماندار پلدختر گفت: مدیریت بحران فقط نظاره گر حوادث است.
عضو ناظر مجلس در شورای عالی انرژی با تاکید بر اینکه تصمیم آمریکا برای به صفر رساندن صادرات نفت ایران همانند گذشته ناکام خواهد ماند، گفت: در دوران قبل از ترامپ نیز چندین بار از این قبیل تصمیمات گرفته شده است و با ناکامی روبه رو شده است، این بار نیز به نتیجهای نخواهد رسید.
سخنگوی کمیسیون امور داخلی کشور و شوراها از بررسی گزارش هلال احمر در خصوص سیل اخیر با حضور رئیس حجمعیت هلال احمر در جلسه امروز این کمیسیون خبر داد.
حسن روحانی رئیس جمهور، پنجشنبه (پنجم اردیبهشت) به کرمانشاه سفر میکند.
حضور حسن روحانی در مراسم افتتاحیه سیودومین نمایشگاه بینالمللی کتاب تهران لغو شد.
سفیر پیشین فرانسه در آمریکا اعلام کرد که طرح صلح آمریکایی موسوم به معامله قرن به احتمال 99 درصد شکست خواهد خورد.
برخی از قانونگذاران آمریکا روز دوشنبه از اقدام رئیسجمهور این کشور در عدم تمدید معافیتهای نفتی برای خریداران نفت ایران استقبال کردند.
هیات مدیره در فوتبال ایران، عنوان کارتون امروز محمدرضا میرشاه ولد در خبرورزشی است که کنایهای است به عضویت برخی چهرههای غیرمرتبط با فوتبال و شیوه انتصاب و انتخاب آنها در تیمها.
نخست وزیر پاکستان در پایان سفر دو روزه خود به ایران در حرم مطهر امام خمینی(س) حاضر شد و به بنیانگذار جمهوری اسلامی ایران ادای احترام کرد.
ایرنا نوشت: هواشناسی خراسان رضوی روز دوشنبه با صدور اطلاعیه ای نسبت به بارندگی شدید، احتمال آبگرفتگی معابر و ایجاد روان آب به ویژه در نیمه شمالی این استان هشدار داد.
سینستزیا یک اختلال عصبی است که نام آن برگرفته از یک واژه یونانی به معنی «حواس پیوسته» است.
ایسنا، به نقل از خبرگزاری یونهاپ نوشت:سئول پس از اعلامیه دولت ترامپ مبنی عدم تمدید معافیتهای نفتی ایران برای سایر کشورها، در بیانیهای اعلام کرد که همچنان به رایزنی با واشنگن در جهت دریافت معافیتهای نفتی ادامه خواهد داد.
سفیر ترکیه در تهران با رئیس سازمان انرژی اتمی و معاون رئیس جمهور دیدار و رایزنی کرد.
رئیس فراکسیون محیط زیست مجلس در دیدار خانوادههای دکتر جزیرهای و دکتر عادلی چهرههای ماندگار طبیعت، گفت که دستاندازی به طبیعت به ظاهر رام و ادا نکردن حق آن، طغیان و خسارات جبران ناپذیری را به دنبال خواهد داشت.
رئیس کمیسیون امنیت ملی و سیاست خارجی مجلس تاکید کرد که هیچگاه فروش نفت ایران به کمتر از یک میلیون بشکه در روز نخواهد رسید.
شهرری- ایرنا- نخست وزیر پاکستان گفت: خواهان تقویت روابط اقتصادی و فرهنگی با کشور ایران هستیم و در این راه تلاش می کنیم تا مردم دو کشور در آرامش زندگی کنند.
کرمانشاه - ایرنا - روابط عمومی و امور بین الملل استانداری کرمانشاه اعلام کرد: بر اساس برنامه اعلامی از سوی دفتر رئیس جمهوری، دکتر حسن روحانی پنجشنبه هفته جاری به کرمانشاه سفر می کند.
دولت آمریکا اعلام کرد به کسانی که درباره 3 عضو حزبالله لبنان اطلاعاتی ارائه دهند تا 10 میلیون دلار پاداش میدهد.
به مناسبت سالروز تأسیس سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی مرکز اسناد و تحقیقات دفاع مقدس طی مطلبی به ضرورت تشکیل سپاه از منظر مقام معظم رهبری پرداخت.
باشگاه خبرنگاران نوشت: نمکی با اشاره به توسعه تعاملات با عراق از آمادگی برای جذب دانشجوی عراقی در حوزه علوم پزشکی خبر داد.
یک دیپلمات پیشکسوت کشورمان معتقد است که آمریکا نمی تواند فروش نفت را به صفر برساند به چند دلیل...
ایرنا نوشت: رئیس کل دادگستری فارس با اشاره به برخی از مشکلات واحدهای صنعتی در رابطه با معوقات بانکی ناشی از اعمال سود مرکب، گفت: اگر چنین مواردی خلاف موازین شرع و قانون تشخیص داده شود بر اساس قانون ورود خواهیم کرد تا از تضییع حقوق تولید کنندگان، جلوگیری شود.
عبدالرحمان شاهحسینی روز گذشته با حضور در یکی از برنامههای تلویزیون از یک فساد جدید در فوتبال ایران پردهبرداری کرد.او که عادت دارد به زیاد استفاده کردن از کلمه موضوع برای علی ضیا در تلویزیون از پروندهای جنجالی حرف زده است!
تسنیم نوشت: بارش برف که از چند روز گذشته در شهرستان مشکینشهر آغاز شده بود باعث نگرانی باغداران و خوشحالی کشاورزان شده است.
تسنیم نوشت: علی کریمی، پیشکسوت باشگاه پرسپولیس اعتقاد دارد که این تیم نمایش خوبی مقابل الاهلی داشته و با وجود شکست، در دو بازی بعدی میتواند این نتیجه را جبران کند.Land & Water Stewardship
In partnership with the community, the Land and Water Stewardship Program of the NVCA works on local projects that protect and restore our environment, and helps ensure the future of our healthy water.
Conservation Lands program consists of three main components: Land Acquisition, Protection Through Management and Environmental Education. The Land Acquisition component focuses on lands that have been deemed significant by local, provincial or international agencies, and have demonstrated abilities that offer protection to both ground and surface waters as well as significant flora/fauna habitat.
Land Securement Strategy.pdf
Management component captures all aspects of public agency land ownership including hazard identification and education, enforcement of the Conservation Authorities Act, preventative maintenance, self-funding opportunities and land use(s) monitoring. Most of the NVCA's 12,000 acres are considered wilderness or natural lands, and we welcome an ever-growing number of visitors to enjoy our attractions.
Environmental Education component is a valuable tool that assists in the management of our lands by keeping the general public aware of our natural resources and why they need to be protected.
The Conservation Lands program has an obvious tie to all other NVCA programs, with its distinct ability to protect our natural and cultural values. Our watershed landscape is very diverse and the management of each is slightly different.The World Health Organization (WHO) recently held a technical meeting to evaluate whether to change its advice regarding couples at risk of HIV using hormonal contraception. There has been evidence indicating that hormonal contraception puts couples at increased risk of acquisition of HIV, transmission of HIV and progression of HIV. The WHO group decided to leave its guidelines as is, i.e. not recommending against hormonal contraceptive use but added the following:
“Some studies suggest that women using progestogen-only injectable contraception may be at increased risk of HIV acquisition, other studies do not show this association. A WHO expert group reviewed all the available evidence and agreed that the data were not sufficiently conclusive to change current guidance. However, because of the inconclusive nature of the body of evidence on possible increased risk of HIV acquisition, women using progestogen-only injectable contraception should be strongly advised to also always use condoms, male or female, and other HIV preventive measures. Expansion of contraceptive method mix and further research on the relationship between hormonal contraception and HIV infection is essential. These recommendations will be continually reviewed in light of new evidence.”
The quality of the clinical trials that the WHO reviewed were considered, by the WHO, to be low. This is scandalous. Given the many university-led trials on this issue, why can’t the WHO and the scientists agree on how a trial on this vital issue should be carried out. Hopefully, they now will.
The WHO statement was met with some sharp criticism for not going further in warning and discouraging women from using hormonal contraception. See http://www.avac.org/ht/d/sp/i/42152/pid/42152.
For the WHO statement, see: http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/family_planning/Hormonal_contraception_and_HIV.pdf本田（Honda）在日本发布了第3代的HR-V跨界车， 预计4月开始在日本等市场上市发售之后，会陆续登陆其他市场。
新HR-V的外形比上一代简洁和成树，使这款车看起来更添优雅大方气质。车头通风格栅和保险杠融为一体，
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objektiflerinizi belirleyin. Günlük ilerlemelerinizi kontrol edin ve amaçlarınıza ulaşmak için çalışmalarınızı sürdürün. Ciddi ve disiplinli bir şekilde takip edilecek egzersiz ve beslenme stratejisi ile kilolarınızı ve sağlığınızı kontrol altına alın.
Ek olarak, egzersiz programınızın yanı sıra, sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıkları da benimsemek önemlidir. Düzenli egzersiz ile birlikte sağlıklı bir diyet, kilo vermenize ve genel sağlığınızı iyileştirmenize yardımcı olacaktır.
Sağlıklı bir diyet, işlenmiş gıdalar yerine taze sebzeler, meyveler, tam tahıllar ve protein kaynakları içermelidir. Ayrıca, fast food ve tatlı atıştırmalıkların tüketimini sınırlamak da önemlidir.
Egzersiz programınızı sürekli olarak çeşitlendirmek ve zorlamak da önemlidir. Farklı egzersizler, kaslarınızı farklı şekillerde çalıştırır ve ilerlemelerinizi hızlandırabilir. Ayrıca, düzenli egzersiz yapmak sadece kilo kaybına yardımcı olmakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda stresi azaltmaya, enerjinizi arttırmaya ve genel sağlığınızı iyileştirmeye yardımcı olur.Tips to choose a sweet and juicy watermelon
1- Melon with closer gaps between telines at the bottom is better (It means thinner skin.)
2- Melon with curly stem is sweeter.
3- Melon with darker colour skin is sweeter.
4- Melon with even lines or neater lines is better.
هندوانه ای که فاصله بین خطوط شکاف هایش کمتر باشد بهتر است که نشان دهنده این است که پوستش نازک است-1
2- هندوانه ای که ریشه اش مجعد تر باشد شیرین تر است البته این در صورتی است که ریشه اش هنوز مانده است
3- هندوانه ای که رنگ پوستش تیره تر باشد شیرین تر است
4- هندوانه ای که دارای خطوط مساوی و همچنین راست تر باشد بهتر استThere are 6 chords that Layla consistently uses now that she is in first grade: R chord, P chord, O chord, G chord, H chord, and D chord.
(See previous blog for R chord and P chord introduction).
O Chord (O is for Over)
The O chord (1+3+5+space) is a way to to skip “over” to the next page on the iPad.
*The corresponding voice over gesture is the 3 finger swipe left.
G Chord (G is for Grade)
The G chord (1+2+4+5+space) allows you to change between uncontracted (Grade 1) and contracted (Grade 2) braille output on the braille display.
Note: In iOS 9 and 10, G Chord toggles between uncontracted and contracted Braille Output. Dropped H Chord (2+3+6+space) toggles Braille Input.
H Chord (H is for Home)
The H chord (1+2+5+space) takes you to the home screen of the iPad.
D Chord (D is for Delete)
The D chord (1+2+4+space) is to delete.
Ideas for Using and Practicing Chords:
- O Chord: Place the student’s favorite app on the second page of the iPad so he/she needs to use the O chord to get to the app he/she wants.
- R Chord & P Chord: Write a story in a Pages document about the student. Ask the student to use the R chord to listen to the story. Ask the student to use the P chord to pause at certain points in the story.
- G Chord: Have the student write in a Pages document. Ask them to switch between uncontracted and contracted braille output to compare the spelling/contraction for a specific word.
- H Chord: When a student is finished with an app, they can use the H chord to get back to the home screen.
- D Chord: When writing in a Pages document, use the D chord to delete. (The setting on the rotor will determine if a character, word, or line will be deleted).Certificate Course: Introduction to Multi-Tiered
System of Supports (MTSS)
Welcome to Panorama's MTSS Certificate Program!
The movement toward a multi-tiered system of supports (MTSS) has been gaining momentum in K-12 public schools across the country.
The MTSS framework—inclusive of response to intervention (RTI)—uses data-based decision making to support students across academics, behavior, social emotional learning (SEL), and mental health.
In this professional development course, you'll learn how to get started building a MTSS in your own school district, with practice resources and tools from MTSS experts to guide your professional learning.
Once you are ready, create a Panorama Learning Center account to access this course, save your course progress, and earn a course certificate. To learn more and access FAQs, please click on "How It Works" in the main navigation.
What you will learn:
- The definition of MTSS, how it relates to other student support frameworks (such as RTI and PBIS), and how to center equity and the whole child.
- How to implement MTSS by creating structures and practices such as Student Support Teams.
- How to build a school or district-wide tiered intervention menu that includes academic and behavioral interventions.
- How to engage in data-driven problem solving, decision making, intervention planning, and progress monitoring.
Best for learners who are:
- District administrators looking to build or optimize a multi-tiered system of supports (MTSS)
- School administrators who are charged with leading MTSS on campus
- Support staff members and site leaders for MTS
Course takes approximately 1 hour to complete.
6 lessons, 5 videos, 3 practice activities, and 7 quiz questions.
Receive a certificate of completion once you complete all modules of the "Introduction to MTSS" course.
Create a Learning Center Account
Create a Panorama Learning Center account to access this course, save your course progress, and earn course certificates.
Already a member? Sign in here to access your existing Panorama Learning Center courses as well as this course.
Meet Your Panorama Instructors!
Maurice Anderson (He/His)
Ryan Werb (He/His)آژانس توسعه چای کنیا، پس از لغو تحریم ها، بازارهای جدیدی برای چای این کشور در ایران و روسیه پیدا کرده است.
به گزارش تاجرپرس به نقل از پایگاه خبری نیشن، به گفته پیتر کانیاگو، رئیس آژانس توسعه چای کنیا، این آژانس به توسعه تولید چای خود ادامه خواهد داد تا موقعیت برتر هند و سریلانکا در بازار چای در طی سال های اخیر را به چالش بکشد.
کانیاگو گفت: «ما فعالیت های بازاریابی و نفوذ زیادی را در این دو بازار انجام داده ایم زیرا فصد داریم به تولید کننده عمده چای اورتودوکس تبدیل شویم.»
وی افزود، تولید فعلی چای ارتودوکس در کنیا برای تامین نیاز بازارهای جدید کافی نیست.
بازار ایران و روسیه نیازمند حداقل ۱۰ تا ۱۲۲ میلیون کیلو چای ارتودوکس است اما کنیا تنها سه درصد از این میزان چای را در سه کارخانه کشور تولید می کند.
چای اورتودوکس به چایی گفته می شود که از کل برگ گیاه چای و در یک فرآیند سنتی تهیه می شود و معمولا گرانتر از چای سیاه است.
این آژانس قصد دارد تا ایجاد ۸ کارخانه در سراسر کنیا، چای مورد نیاز بازارهای هدف ا تامین نماید.
کنیا بزرگترین صادر کننده چای سیاه در جهان است.医疗废物处理设备的处理工艺包括以下几个步骤∶
1、传送器把医疗垃圾送进处理设备后，外界与滤气室之间一号闭合装置关闭并封紧，此时氮气被通入滤气室中，以清除运送医疗垃圾时进入滤气室中的氧气，避免氧气进入清理室影响解聚过程。
2、氧气除尽后，滤气室与清理室之间的二号闭合装置随即打开，垃圾被送进清理室，此时二号闭合装置和清理室与碾磨室之间的三号闭合装置全部闭合，医疗垃圾在密封的清理室内。在磁电管装置产生的微波的辐射下发生解聚合作用，转化成没损害没污染的简单化合物。另外，为免解聚过程中产生的废气外泄，滤气室和碾磨室的气压要比清理室略高一些。
3、当清理周期结束时三号闭合装置便自动开启，解聚后的无菌残余物从清理室进入碾磨室，经碾磨并冷却后，剩余的垃圾碎末便在鼓风机的作用下通过管道排入回收室。此时的垃圾碎末在体积上只是处理前的医疗垃圾的10%，在质量上只是处理前的30%。
4、在回收室中，垃圾碎末经回收箱集中后，通过传送设备输送出医疗废物处理设备，垃圾处理过程完毕。
5、在垃圾处理过程中产生的含有氢氯酸等有害物质的蒸气通过设备中的废气净化系统进行净化。从滤气室排出的气体主要是用氮气置换出的空气，有害物质含量小，因而直接进入主洗涤槽进行过法。从清理室和碾磨室排出的废气则要经过文氏管和辅助洗涤槽进行初步过滤和冷凝出碳氢化合物后，再进入主洗涤槽进行过滤，废气流出医疗废物处理设备的主洗涤槽后，经热氧化器或涡轮终处理后排入空中，此时的废气已经是一种没损害没污染的气体。Defterdar
Defterdar (Turco Ottomano: دفتردار) era il titolo del responsabile finanziario nell'Impero Ottomano. La parola è di origine persiana e deriva dal termine Defter (catasto fiscale). L'ufficio di questi funzionari fiscali era chiamato Defterdârlık / دفتردارلق, l'autorità finanziaria centrale Defterhâne / دفترخانه.
Dal XV secolo c'erano due Defterdâr. Uno era responsabile per la Rumelia, cioè la parte europea dell'impero, l'altro era responsabile per la supervisione finanziaria dell'Anatolia e delle altre parti dell'Asia. Il Defterdâr di Rumelia, in quanto principale defterdâr (baş defterdâr) , aveva la funzione di Ministro delle Finanze per l'intero impero. Nella seconda metà del XVI secolo fu nominato un terzo Defterdâr, con sede ad Aleppo. Questo fu d'ora in poi responsabile per le province arabe e l'Egitto.
L'autorità fiscale centrale dell'Impero Ottomano (Defterhâne) era nel palazzo del sultano a Costantinopoli. Già nel XVI secolo, questa autorità avrebbe avuto 800 dipendenti che lavoravano in circa 25 diversi dipartimenti. Le competenze della Defterhâne includevano la gestione delle entrate del Tesoro, composto di tributi, tasse, imposte e tasse, così come la spesa, in particolare i pagamenti del soldo e degli stipendi, il mantenimento della corte del sultano e le spese per l'esercito. Inoltre, tale autorità verificava la gestione della proprietà terriera statale, dei cosiddetti domini di Stato (ha-ı Humayun) e delle terre di proprietà statale che erano stati assegnati col sistema del Tımare. Il Defterdâr e i suoi dipendenti, per scrivere i loro registri utilizzavano una sorta di scrittura segreta, il siyakat. In questo modo, si sarebbero dovuti prevenire gli abusi e le contraffazioni.
La centralizzazione della gestione finanziaria ottomana raggiunse già nella seconda metà del XV secolo sotto il regno di Mehmed II il suo apice, quando i Defterdar erano subordinati direttamente al Gran Visir. Durante il periodo di massimo splendore dell'impero nel XV e XVI secolo, la gestione finanziaria ottomana fu la più moderna ed efficiente in Europa.
Nell'ambito delle riforme del Tanzimat, dal 1839 l'ormai decaduta l'amministrazione finanziaria dello stato ottomano venne riorganizzata. L'autorità fiscale centrale si chiamò da questo momento in poi Maliye.[1] Defterdâr divenne da allora in poi il titolo del direttore finanziario in ogni provincia, anche nella repubblica di Turchia.
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- Klaus Kreiser: Der Osmanische Staat. (Oldenbourg Grundriss der Geschichte, 30). Monaco 2001 ISBN 3-486-53721-0در یک اکوسیستم پویای نوآوری، یک شبکه اجتماعی حمایتگر می تواند از طرق مختلف باعث پیشرفت کارآفرینان گردد. اگر کارآفرینان شبکه اجتماعی بالاتری داشته باشند، در کسب و کار خود نیز موفق تر خواهند بود. یک کارآفرین موفق، پرشور و متعهد بر سایر فعالان اکوسیستم تأثیر می گذارد و به آن ها جهت، ا
استارتاپ ها زمانی که بازیگری در یک اکوسیستم پویای کارآفرینی باشند از شانس بهتری برای رشد و توسعه برخوردارند. در چنین محیطی یک شبکه اجتماعی حمایتگر می تواند از طرق مختلف باعث پیشرفت کارآفرینان شود. کارآفرینانی با شبکه اجتماعی بالاتر، کسب و کار موفق تری خواهند داشت. این افراد روی سایر فعالان اکوسیستم نیز اثر می گذارند و به آنها جهت، انگیزه و هدف می دهند.
یک اکوسیستم کارآفرینی علاوه بر استارتاپ ها، شامل برنامه های حمایتی، مربیان، سرمایه گذاران، فضای سیاست گذاری فعال، فرهنگ کارآفرینی و نوآوری و همچنین افراد مستعد می باشد.
سیاست گذاران اکوسیستم کارآفرینی تصمیم می گیرند چه حوزه های فناورانه ای را در اولویت توسعه قرار دهند و سپس از طریق شتابدهنده ها حمایت های لازم را برای کارآفرینان حوزه های مد نظر برقرار خواهند نمود. شتابدهنده پرتقال نیز به نوبه خود همواره در راستای جذب حمایت و شبکه سازی برای استارتاپ ها و کارآفرینان نوپا تلاش می کند. این اقدامات از سویی به اشتغال زایی کمک می کنند و از سوی دیگر، سایرین را به سمت تجاری سازی ایده ها و توسعه دانش بنیان سوق می دهند.Venerdì sera la festa entraeta organizzata dalla Federazione di Moros y Cristianos da Denia. Alla presenza di centinaia di curiosi, i comparsas hanno visitato il cuore della città, da Glorieta dal paese di Valencià al porto.
All'ingresso, che è servito da riscaldamento per le festività del mese prossimo, Moros e poi Cristianos hanno sfilato per primi in un breve e veloce passo. Tuttavia, tutti i presenti si sono divertiti a guardare questa esibizione dei compari.I poliziotti devono sempre mantenere la calma, anche se le persone con cui hanno a che fare sono molto agitate; alcuni agenti però, come loro personalità, si agitano e a volte non riescono a far fronte, correttamente, alle situazioni in cui si ritrovano. È il caso del poliziotto George J. Manganaro, di 29 anni, che stava arrestando, insieme ad altri colleghi un ragazzo. Quest’ultimo era stato trovato nelle vicinanze di un’abitazione a Penns Grove , in New Jersey, probabilmente per fare un furto; è stata avvisata la polizia che è giunta sul posto e ha fermato il ragazzo.
Mentre uno dei colleghi era all’interno della casa per controllare fosse tutto al suo posto, fuori avveniva una scena che ha fatto molto scalpore. La telecamera dell’auto ha ripreso il ladro che cercava di divincolarsi dalle manette e dal controllo degli agenti, fino a quando è stato fatto sedere a terra. Anche da quella posizione era molto agitato e ha tentato di rialzarsi ma Manganaro ha reagito sferrandogli un calcio in testa, così forte da fargli volare pure il cappello che indossava. Una reazione impulsiva che alcuni considerano troppo violenta, altri giusta per la circostanza. Il poliziotto è stato accusato di aggressione aggravata ed è stato sospeso dalle forze di polizia.Alcolismo: uscirne è possibile
Con il termine clinica di codificazione da alcolismo in samar si intende indicare un'entità superiore dotata di potenza straordinaria variamente denominata e significata nelle diverse culture religiose.
Un dibattito senza diplomaziaIl castello interioreIl cavaliere del maleIl cinque maggioIl circo volante dei Monty PythonIl consulente matrimonialeIl conte di MontecristoIl CorbaccioIl crepuscolo degli idoliIl crollo della mente bicamerale e l'origine della coscienzaIl DecameronIl diavolo PapiniIl dolore innocente.
Come la scienza determina i valori umaniIl paese del carnevaleIl pap'occhioIl paradiso delle deeIl petroliereIl posto delle fragoleIl potere del mitoIl principe d'EgittoIl principe predestinatoIl principio passione. Lezioni sul simbolo apostolicoIntuizioneIntuizione intellettualeInuitInukami! A volte ritorno il titolo originale è The Second Coming, cioè clinica di codificazione da alcolismo in samar Seconda venuta" è un romanzo fortemente ironico dello scrittore scozzese John Clinica di codificazione da alcolismo in samar.
L'etimologia del nome Abacuc è incerta, potendo derivare dal nome di una pianta in assiro, probabilmente la cassia, oppure da una parola in ebraico significante colui che abbraccia o colui che lotta. Abassi è il dio del cielo creatore della prima coppia di uomini, della popolazione africana nigeriana, Efik.
Abate è il titolo spettante al superiore di una comunità monastica di dodici o più monaci, particolarmente utilizzato nella Chiesa cattolica. Abba reso anche Abbà è un appellativo — traducibile come "papà" — usato in ambito giudaico antico per rivolgersi in maniera informale al padre.
L'abbandono, inteso come abbandono di sé stessi ad un disegno di portata più ampia, è, nell'ascetica e clinica di codificazione da alcolismo in samar mistica, la disposizione dell'anima per cui essa si dona completamente a Dio, accettando senza preoccupazioni il corso degli eventi. L'abbazia di Fiastra sorge nella bassa Valle del Fiastrone, o Fiastra da cui il nome in prossimità dell'omonimo fiume, nel territorio dei comuni di Tolentino e Urbisaglia e rappresenta il più
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bir çalışma ortamı ne zaman etkili değildir?
Yalnızca hedeflere ulaşmaya odaklanmış, acımasız bir kültürle beslenen örgütlerde rekabetçi bir çalışma ortamı işe yaramaz. Verimlilik ön planda tutulduğunda ve çalışanın koşulları ve refahı göz ardı edildiğinde sorunlar ortaya çıkar. Çok iyi bildiğimiz gibi bu, çalışma dünyasının büyük bir bölümünde ortaya çıkan bir dinamik.
Bu yaklaşımın uygun olmadığı durumlara ilişkin bazı örnekleri aşağıda listeleyeceğiz:
- Çalışma ortamı stresli ve oldukça zorludur.
- Herkes rekabetçi ortamlarda rahat değildir.
- Şirket net çalışma mekanizmalarına ve iyi bir organizasyona sahip değil.
- Çalışan, örgütün değersiz ve değiştirilebilir bir parçası olarak algılanmaktadır.
- Çalışanlar birbirlerini rakip olarak algılıyorsa rekabet etkili değildir.
- Ayrıca, başka bir ödül olmadan sadece işi korumak için rekabet ederken de etkili değildir.
- Eğer hedeflere ulaşma çalışanın ruh sağlığından daha öncelikli ise bunun da bir faydası yoktur.
Oldukça rekabetçi bir çalışma ortamının etkileri nelerdir?
Oldukça rekabetçi bir organizasyonel ortamın temel etkilerinden biri ilişkiler arası çatışmadır. Oslo’daki Ulusal Mesleki Sağlık Enstitüsü konuyla ilgili çok aydınlatıcı bir analiz yayınladı. Rekabet nedeniyle iş arkadaşları arasında yaşanan bu sorunlar çoğu zaman hastalık iznine yol açmaktadır. Ayrıca aşağıdaki sonuçlar da mümkündür:
- Stres ve kaygı ortaya çıkar.
- Dürüst olmayan veya etik olmayan davranışlar olabilir.
- Meslektaşlar arasında işyerinde zorbalık dinamikleri ortaya çıkabilir.
- Yüksek rekabet gücü üretkenliği ve yenilikçiliği azaltabilir.
- Bazen rekabetçilik konformizme dönüşür. Kişilikleri nedeniyle bu dinamiklerden kaçınan ve bu tür zorlukları minimum düzeyde yaparak atlamayı tercih eden birçok kişi var.
Kendiyle yarışan, her geçen gün kendini geliştirip ne kadar ileri gidebileceğini göstermesi gereken insanlar var.
Ayrıca şunu da okumak isteyebilirsiniz: Deutsch ve Krauss Deneyi: İşbirliği ve Rekabet
İç rekabetin rehberliğinde çalışanın faydaları
Bu noktada rekabetçi bir çalışma ortamının her zaman etkili olmadığını zaten biliyoruz. Bu boyutun ideal olmasını ve iyi sonuçlara ulaşmasını sağlamak için kuruluşların mekanizmaları düzenlemekten ve bakımını üstlenmekten sorumlu olduklarının bilincindeyiz. Benzer şekilde, böylesine zorlu bir sosyal bağlamda şirketlerin bu öngörülemeyen dalgalanmalara mümkün olan en iyi şekilde uyum sağlaması gerektiği de inkar edilemez.
Bu bağlamda, ilgili bir psikolojik dinamiğin altını çizmeye değer. Dış faktörler tarafından motive edilmeyen, kişisel rekabet gücü yüksek olan çalışanlar var. Çalışmaları sürekli zorluklara göğüs gererek ve onları yenerek içsel gelişime dayalı olan insanlar vardır; bu şekilde benlik kavramlarını oluştururlar.
Bu kişilik faktörü, şirketlerin bu davranışlara değer verme ve teşvik etme koşullarını kendileri sağladığı sürece, çalışma ortamları için büyük önem taşımaktadır. İşlevsiz şirketler çoktur ve insan unsuruna değer vermeyen ve yalnızca üretkenliğe öncelik veren şirketler de vardır.
Tüm alıntı yapılan kaynaklar, kalitelerini, güvenilirliklerini, güncelliklerini ve geçerliliklerini sağlamak için ekibimiz tarafından derinlemesine incelendi. Bu makalenin bibliyografisi güvenilir ve akademik veya bilimsel doğruluğa sahip olarak kabul edildi.
- Beersma, B., Hollenbeck, J.R., Humphrey, S.E., Moon, H., Conlon, D.E., & Ilgen, D.R. (2003). Cooperación, competencia y desempeño del equipo: hacia un enfoque de contingencia. Diario de la Academia de Administración, 46(5), 572–590. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/298973953_Cooperation_Competition
- Bhawsar, P., & Chattopadhyay, U. (2015). Competitiveness: Review, Reflections and Directions. Global Business Review, 16(4), 665-679. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280568301_Competitiveness_Review_Reflections_and_Directions
- Christiansen, F.B., Loeschcke, V. (1990). Evolution and Competition. In: Wöhrmann, K., Jain, S.K. (eds) Population Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-74474-7_13
- de Waal-Andrews, W., & van Beest, I. (2018). A sweeter win: When others help us outperform them. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 74, 218–230 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103117301750
- Goleman, Daniel (2013) Focus: Desarrollar la atención para alcanzar la excelencia. Kairós. https://www.academia.edu/40802329/Daniel_Goleman_Focus_Desarrollar_la_atenci%C3%B3n_para_alcanzar_la_excelencia_Traducci%C3%B3n_del_ingl%C3%A9s_de
- Sterud, T., Marti, A. R., & Degerud, E. (2022). The Relationship between Workplace Conflicts and Subsequent Physician-Certified Sick Leave: A Prospective Population Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(10), 6047. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9140725/
- Wang, H., Wang, L., & Liu, C. (2018) Employee Competitive Attitude and Competitive Behavior Promote Job-Crafting and Performance: A Two-Component Dynamic Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 9:2223. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02223/full
- Xie, S., Meng, X., Li, C., & Liu, D. (2023). Can trait competitiveness foster positive outcomes? The role of perceived insider status and leader competitiveness. Personality and Individual Differences, 202, 111968. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886922004731Mısırlı yetkililer, darbe karşıtlarından alanları en kısa sürede boşaltmalarını istedi. Güvenlik güçlerinin göstericileri dağıtmak için yeni bir katliama girişmesinden endişe ediliyor
Ülkenin seçilmiş ilk cumhurbaşkanı Muhammed Mursi'ye karşı 3 Temmuz'da düzenlenen darbenin ardından yüz binlerce darbe karşıtının sokaklarda gösteri yapmaya devam ettiği Mısır'da, yetkililer göstericilerin en kısa sürede dağılmasını istedi. İçişleri Bakanlığı'ndan dün yapılan açıklamada, uyarıyı dikkate alarak alanları terk edenlerin "güvenli bir şekilde" çıkabileceği kaydedildi. Bakanlığın bu ifadesi, meydanları terk etmeyenlere karşı zor kullanılacağı ve bunun da yeni katliamlara yol açabileceği şeklinde yorumlandı. Başkent Kahire'de bir aydan fazla bir süredir sokaklarda seslerini dünyaya duyurmaya çalışan darbe karşıtları, özellikle Rabiatül Adeviyye ve Nahda meydanlarında oturma eylemi yapıyor. Toplu halde namaz kılarak dua eden göstericiler, şiddetin her türlüsünü ise reddediyor. Mısır İçişleri Bakanlığı'nın geçtiğimiz hafta yaptığı bir diğer açıklamada da, her iki meydanın mutlaka boşaltılacağı, gösterilerin artık ulusal güvenlik için tehdit oluşturmaya başladığı kaydedilmişti. Dünkü tehdit gibi uyarının ardından Müslüman Kardeşler yöneticilerinden Muhammed Baltacı, alanlardan hiçbir şekilde çekilmeyeceklerini, gerekirse kefenlerini giyeceklerini söyledi. Baltacı, Muhammed Mursi serbest bırakılıncaya kadar geri adım atmayacaklarını belirtti. Son bir ayda darbe karşıtlarının eylemleri sırasında 8 Temmuz ve 3 Ağustos'ta gerçekleştirilen iki ayrı katliamda en az 250 kişi ölmüştü.气候试验室市场生产，供应，销售和需求研究报告是对气候试验室市场的系统性详尽研究。气候试验室行业报告的目的是帮助新手和种子玩家获得精明的商业智能，并根据它做出适当的决定。
基于设备类型，模块化类型和最终用户的稳定性测试室市场的重要增长前景已在本章中包括在德国，英国，法国，意大利，西班牙和欧洲其他国家等几个欧洲国家。
在估计的时间段内，每个地理区域可能记录的预计增长率是多少
标准配置：电缆孔(Φ50mm)1个;样品架2套;照明灯1个;累时器1个;脚轮4个;电源线1条(长6米);USB接口2个
本报告根据类型划分全球气候试验室市场：
温度测试室设计用于在设定温度下和经历预定温度变化时对产品或材料的质量控制。这对于评估受环境条件变化影响的产品的性能非常有用。
根据周五的新闻发布，这家总部位于诺斯维尔的制造商向位于大急流城的Weiss Technik North America Inc。出售了Cincinnati Sub－Zero，作为Gentherm剥离其工业商会业务计划的一部分。
报告分析市场应用，如汽车，航空航天，电子，制药和生物，其他。然后根据温度和湿度室，台式，热冲击，步入式室，特种室等类型分析报告。
Thermotron的热冲击室的最高温度范围为－73°C至＋ 200°C（－99。4°F至＋ 392°F）。大多数热冲击室采用级联制冷系统，仅使用机械制冷进行全面冷却。所有机械冷却型号也可配备LN2或CO2增压。完全由LN2或CO2冷却的型号也可在某些配置下使用。某些型号的热箱中提供温度／湿度程序。这些腔室的产品载体容量从1。0立方英尺（28升）到12。7立方英尺（360升）不等。
全球腐蚀试验室市场趋势
MarketResearchNest。com将“北美湿度商会市场报告（2014－2024）市场规模，份额，价格，趋势和预测”添加到其研究数据库中。该报告分为144页，其中包含表格和数字。
这里，SWS是Warren Spring的内聚力值，M是扭矩，RO和RI是Warren Spring几何的外径和内径。这给出了压缩状态下粉末流动性的综合单一值。
温度和湿度测试是一个总称。它是一系列环境压力实验的工程和制造概括，例如高／低温测试，防潮测试或温度循环测试。温度湿度偏差测试等程序也属于保护范围。
该报告提供了2018年至2025年期间全球海拔试验室市场的定量和定性信息。根据报告中提供的分析，海拔高度试验室的全球市场估计在预测期间以＿％的复合年增长率增长。 2018年至2025年期间，预计到2025年底将增加到每年100万美元。在2016年，全球海拔高度试验室的市场价值为＿百万美元／十亿美元。
第4章，农业中的堆肥特纳分析数据显示在区域层面，以显示2014年至2019年各地区的销售额，收入和增长情况。
有三种类型的烘干机滚筒式干衣机可供选择：
根据SPEA报告，霉菌生长需要与上述50％相对湿度，有机材料，低照明和温度68个86华氏度之间的空气。印第安纳州的平均高温在70年代徘徊在今年十月降低整个九月80年代的头两个星期。
Copyright © 2014.上海简户仪器设备有限公司 All rights reserved.Happy 🎂Birthday Dr. Seuss!
Theodor Seuss Geisel, born on March 2, 1904, in Springfield, MA, was an American author, political cartoonist, poet, animator, book publisher, and artist, best known for authoring more than 60 children's books under the pen name Doctor Seuss. Did you know that Dr. Seuss is the ninth-best-selling fiction author of all time (estimated 500 million copies sold)? (Read more here.)
Dr. Seuss could plant more meaning into a few short verses than most writers can manage to embed in an entire novel!
“Think left and think right and think low and think high. Oh, the things you can think up if only you try!”
So, today, we are thinking left and right and, inspired by The Cat in the Hat book, we are skip counting with this🍡DIY ♻️recycled Math 🎩Hat.
- paint six recycled popsicle sticks with this red tempera paint, which dries in 90 seconds and paints perfectly vivid over the wood,
- *TIP: apply a thin coat of clear nail polish to the ends of unfinished popsicle sticks to prime the part where you will be writing numbers (otherwise, the numbers will "bleed" ~ color will spread),
- write with a black Sharpie numbers one till one hundred, skip counting by fives (on the left, I wrote skip counting by 10s and on the right by 5s). Modification: with smaller children, just write numbers one through ten.
- finally, top the🎩Hat with a hundred square!
I then offered Adrian to match number tiles from Montessori Hundred Board to the numbers on popsicle sticks. (For a detailed lesson on Hundred Board, read here Montessori 💯Hundred Board at 3 Yo).
“Sometimes the questions are complicated and the answers are simple.” And indeed, at first, Adrian thought this was too complicated, but step by step, he assembled the 🎩hat and was able to skip count by 5s till one hundred!
DIY Thing 1 & Thing 2 🙌🏻Handprint♻️Craft with a 🔢Math Twist
"Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don't matter and those who matter don't mind." ~ Dr. Suess.
We also made handprints Thing 1 (Julia) and Thing 2 (Adrian) craft while incorporating math and skip counting by 10s.
- a washable ink pad
- self-adhesive googly eyes
- red and black Sharpies and a red tempera paint to draw a mouth
- recycled toilet paper and red construction paper to cover it
- strips of blue paper to resemble hair
- Montessori golden beads ten-bars and a hundred square
Roll strips of blue paper over the pencil to give hair a "curl."
Each hair strand represents 10, offering to practice skip counting by ten till one hundred.
I glued a red pom-pom to the top of the roll to support the handprint.
Meet Thing 1 and Thing 2!
Julia's handprint was bigger, so I glued a popsicle stick to the back.
Julia also got a pink bow made out of a pom-pom and pink construction paper.
This craft will remain a keepsake to remember how big their hands were at 8 and 4 yo.
Lastly, offer your child to skip count using golden beads ten-bars.
How do you celebrate Dr. Seuss's Birthday?
See here books & puzzles we are loving on March 2nd 🎉Dr. Seuss's 🎂Birthday 📚.The scene shifts to a court within Athens. Athena enters, along with the ten citizens whom she has chosen as members of the jury. She orders a herald accompanying her to call together the Athenian people to watch the trial.
In Greek myth, this moment marks the first ever trial by jury. Athenian audiences would have recognized the importance of the scene they were witnessing.
Orestes enters, and Athena directs him to the Stone of Outrage. The Furies enter, and Athena places them at the Stone of Unmercifulness. She herself stands between two urns in which the jury will cast votes to determine Orestes’ guilt or innocence.
The trial proceeds with great formality and symbolism. Most important of all are the urns for the jury, emblems of the fair and evenhanded justice that Athens created, in which one’s vote was anonymous.
Apollo enters, and Athena questions why he is there. Apollo responds that he has come as a witness for the defense, explaining that he commanded Orestes to kill Clytemnestra, and subsequently purged the mortal of all guilt. He urges Athena to serve justice.
This trial, with a jury, witnesses, and a judge (in the person of Athena) will be surprisingly familiar to modern American readers—proof of the influence of Ancient Greece on today’s civilization.
Proclaiming that the trial has begun, Athena offers the Furies—the “prosecution”—the first speech. The leader of the Furies starts to question Orestes, asking if he killed his mother. He agrees that he did. They ask how he killed her, and he responds that he cut her throat at the urging of the god Apollo. The Furies are outraged that a god would condone a murder, but Orestes responds that he has “no regrets.” He also expresses faith in his father, Agamemnon, whom he says “will help me from the grave.” When the Furies indict him for killing his mother, Orestes responds that he did so in order to avenge his father. He then questions why the Furies did not turn on
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工程最低保修期限的说法，正确的有______。
A．供热系统为2年
B．屋面防水工程为5年
C．装修工程为2年
D．电气管线为2年
E．房屋建筑的主体结构为70年
75、根据《房屋建筑和市政基础设施项目工程总承包管理办法》，关于建设工程总承包的说法，正确的有______。
A．工程总承包单位应当同时具有与工程规模相适应的工程设计资质和施工资质，或者由具有相应资质的设计单位和施工单位组成联合体
B．工程总承包单位可以同时是工程总承包项目的代建单位
C．政府投资项目不得由工程总承包单位或者分包单位垫资建设
D．工程总承包单位和分包单位就分包工程对建设单位承担连带责任
E．工程总承包单位不得将工程直接发包给分包单位
76、根据《劳动合同法》，用人单位在招用劳动者以及订立劳动合同时，禁止的情形有______。
A．订立无终止时间的劳动合同
B．要求劳动者提供担保
C．向劳动者收取财物
D．约定竞业限制
E．扣押劳动者的执业资格证书
77、关于劳务派遣的说法，正确的有______。
A．经营劳务派遣业务，应当向劳动行政部门申请行政许可
B．劳务派遣用工劳动只能在临时性、辅助性或者替代性的工作岗位上实施
C．用工单位可以将被派遣劳动者再派遣到其他用人单位
D．劳务派遣用工方式使劳动者的聘用与使用分离
E．除岗前培训费以外，劳务派遣单位不得再向被派遣劳动者收取费用
78、关于农民工工资支付的说法，正确的有______。
A．用工单位使用个人派遣的农民工，拖欠农民工工资的，由用工单位清偿
B．分包单位拖欠农民工工资的，由施工总承包单位先行清偿再进行追偿
C．施工总承包单位应当自工程取得施工许可证(开工报告批复)前，开立工资保证金专门账户
D．施工合同额低于300万元的工程，免除该工程存储工资保证金
E．工程建设项目转包，拖欠农民工工资的，由施工总承包单位先行清偿，再进行追偿
79、根据《民事诉讼法》，起诉必须符合的条件有______。
A．有完整的证据目录和证据材料
B．原告是与本案有直接利害关系的公民、法人和其他组织
C．有明确的被告
D．有具体的诉讼请求和事实、理由
E．属于人民法院受理民事诉讼的范围和受诉人民法院管辖
80、关于建筑工程招标中工程造价计价的说法，正确的有______。
A．非国有资金投资的大型公共建筑招标的，应当设有最高投标限价
B．采用工程量清单计价的，工程量清单可以作为独立文件
C．国有资金投资的建筑工程招标的，应当设有最高投标限价
D．全部使用国有资金投资或者以国有资金为主的建筑工程，必须采用工程量清单计价
E．非国有资金投资的建筑工程，鼓励采用工程量清单计价
注：篇幅有限，答案及解析请下载试卷后查看。A Catskill Catalog: August 8, 2012
Catskill Mountain bluestone helped build America in the last half of the 1800s and the first couple decades of the 1900s.
From 1850 to 1920, bluestone was the material of choice for building foundations, sidewalks, and curbstones in New York, St. Louis, Boston, Philadelphia, Milwaukee and other major cities. Bluestone was prized for being hard, long lasting and quick drying. It does not become slick with wear, and makes a perfect paver.
The Ulster County ports at Rondout and Malden were major shipping centers. Barges and sloops loaded with cut slabs of quarried rock ferried the stuff to New York, where it was used, or shipped further, some sent overseas. Havana, Cuba boasts Catskill Mountain sidewalks.
Bluestone is rock composed of compressed sand that lay on the floor of ancient rivers and seas, 380 million years ago. That was the Upper Devonian Era in geologic time, the period when the earliest vegetation grew. The Gilboa fossils, artifacts of that age, provide us a glimpse into Devonian Seas in a roadside display on Route 990V, north of Grand Gorge.
That water-bottom sand was covered with earth many times over, as the eons progressed, before time existed, before humanity’s creation.
As layer upon layer of earth pressed down on the sand, new particles interlaced with the old sand, each earth layer pressing inexorably down, hardening rock. Bluestone!
Not all bluestone is blue. The eons-long process creating the stone included the addition of particles with differing chemical components, resulting in a color palette that runs from the typical blue-gray to purple, brown, and yellow.
Slabs of bluestone had been used by people for centuries before anyone recognized its commercial value. Native people and colonials alike used pieces for walls, chimney caps, tombstones, well covers, and building blocks. The opportunistic use of useful slabs of found stone continues to this day. Stone cut by local artisans for horse troughs and hitching posts preceded bluestones commercial awakening.
In 1831, Silas Brainard developed the first commercial mountain quarry in Ulster County. Brainard had worked at a quarry in Coeymans, up in Albany County, and he recognized the bluestone that formed the very ground on William Van Valkenburgh’s farm, located on today’s Fish Creek Road, in the Town of Saugerties, between Route 212 and Glasco Turnpike. He bought the land and started to take out stone.
Soon, a bluestone road was laid to the Hudson, and big pieces of stone were going downriver to New York.
The boom hit about 20 years later, as cities began a last-half-of-the-century burst of municipal improvements – sewers, water systems, paved roads, curbs and sidewalks. Catskill Mountain bluestone proved to be the perfect material for growing cities.
The road west from Kingston, precursor to today’s Route 28, soon became a bluestone road, with quarries in West Hurley, Olive and Shokan. The old road traveled south of our present highway, and much of the old “Bluestone Way” is now under the Ashokan Reservoir. But quarry after quarry sent bluestone-laden wagons down the road to Rondout for shipping.
In Hurley, a piece of the old road is still visible. Tremendous thick slabs of bluestone paved the road. In them, the heavy stone-laden wagons wore ruts in the stone, tracks that soon became the inverted rails wagon-wheels followed.
In 1938, sculptor Harvey Fite bought an abandoned 13-acre quarry near the original Fish Creek site. It is said he paid $250 for the place, an open pit of empty spaces and broken stone.
He started to cut and dig, with an artist’s eye, and cut and dug and built and placed stone for the next 37 years, creating, by the time of his death in 1976, a monumental stone-works sculpture over six acres in size.
Today, Opus 40 is open to the public, Thursday through Sunday, May to October. It really is a must-see. Famed New Yorker critic Brendan Gil has called Opus 40, “the greatest earthwork sculpture I have ever seen,” and “one of the most beguiling works of art on the entire continent.” It all started with Catskill Mountain bluestone.
The 3,000-acre Bluestone Wild Forest, just three miles west of Kingston, is a state recreation area created from lands that had been heavily quarried in the 19th century. Onteora Lake is a long narrow, 16-acre waterway, popular with kayakers and anglers, formed in former quarry lands. The forest is dotted with used-up quarry sites, a great example, really, of industrial land reclamation and the adaptive re-use of mines.
Today, the center of the bluestone industry has moved west, to western Delaware County and eastern Broome, and down into Pennsylvania, where Montrose, PA, 50 miles north of Scranton, is today’s Bluestone Capital.
But once, the stuff now promoted as Pennsylvania Bluestone carried the Catskill Mountain brand, and our rock paved the world.Maypole (removed): OS Reference Number – TL 18554 75972
Maypole Square forms the junction of High Street, Church Way and Chapel Street in the centre of the village.
Archaeology & History
The Alconbury Maypole had passed out of living memory by 1942, but was historically attested by the ‘Maypole Square’ in the centre of the village.
C.F. Tebbutt wrote in 1950:
“At Alconbury, it is remembered that about 1890 an old soldier, who lived in the corner house (east end) of the row of cottages facing Maypole Square, used to dig holes in the road opposite the row and set up May bushes there on May day”.
- C.F.Tebbutt, “Huntingdonshire Folk and their Folklore”, in Transactions of the Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire Archaeological Society, Volume VI, part V, 1942.
- C.F.Tebbutt, “Huntingdonshire Folk and their Folklore II”, in Transactions of the Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire Archaeological Society, Volume VII, part III, 1950.
© Paul T. Hornby 2016 The Northern AntiquarianSeçimlerden sonra, dikkatler hemen AKP’nin oyları üzerine yoğunlaştı, AKP’ye oy verenlerin gerekçeleri tartışıldı. Bu önemli bir tartışmadır ama, yapının ceteris paribus varsayımının geçerli olduğu “durumu”ndan çıkmak için yapılması gerekenlere ilişkin ipuçları vermez. En fazla, “yapının tanımlayıcı özelliklerini değiştirmeyen bazı önemli değişiklikler yapılabilir” varsayımının geçerli olacağı bir “durum”a açılır.
Yeni bir “durum”a geçmek isteyenler için öncelikle bakılması gereken yerin “sol”un kendisi ve AKP’ye oy vermemiş olan kesimler olduğunu düşünüyorum. Bence , “sol”da ve bu kesimler içinde yaratılacak, momentum kazanacak bir hareket, yapının bugünkü “durum”unu değiştirmeye başlayabilir.
Bu saptamalar “kim bakacak” sorusu üzerinde düşünmeyi gerektiriyor. “Kim bakacak?” sorusunun cevabını ararken bence, “sol” hareketten başlamak gerekiyor.
Sol hareket, cumhuriyetçi popülistlerden Kürt hareketine, sosyal demokratlara; çevrecilerden LGBT’ye, anarşistlerden komünistlere kadar geniş bir “siyasi” etkinlikler alanını kapsıyor. Dikkatle bakınca, “sol”un, tamamının çalışanların yaşam koşullarını iyileştirmeyi, belli alanlarda bireylerin özgürlük alanlarını genişletmeyi amaçlamakla birlikte, aslında iki akıma ayrıldığı kolaylıkla görülebilir.
Birinci akım bu iyileştirme, genişletme etkinliğini kapitalizmi hedef almadan, ya da düşünmeden, kimi zaman düşünemeden sürdürmeye; “siyaseti” devlet iktidarı değil parlamento, seçimler ve demokrasi bağlamında düşünmeye öncelik veriyor, ya da bununla sınırlayarak hayata geçirmeye çalışıyor. Bu akım kapitalizmi bir yapı olarak düşünmüyor, dolayısıyla “yapısal belirleyiciliğin” etkisi içinde hareket ediyor. Bu hareket belki yapının “ceteris paribus” varsayımının geçerli olduğu “durum”undan çıkabilir ama yapının, “önemli değişikliklere karşın/ya da sayesinde tanımlayıcı özelliklerini korumaya devam etme” varsayımının geçerli olduğu “durum”un içinde kalır.
İkinci akım, kapitalizmi bir yapı olarak düşünür, hedefi bu yapının dışına çıkmak, bu yapıyı aşmaktır. Bu akım “siyasi” etkinliğinin hedefini seçimler ve hükümet olarak değil, devlet iktidarı olarak düşünür. Demokrasinin aynı zamanda bir diktatörlük olduğunu da unutmaz. Bu nedenlerle de bu akım, çalışanların yaşam koşullarını iyileştirmeye, bireylerin özgürlüklerini genişletmeye ilişkin taleplerini, yapının istikrarını bozacak, belirleyicilik gücünü kıracak, yapının dışına uzanan olasılıkların gündeme gelmesine yol açabilecek biçimde saptamaya çalışır.
Birinci akım esas olarak “kapitalist gerçekçi” bir solu, ikinci akım komünist hareketi (komünistler, anarşistler) tanımlar. Benim düşündüğüm “üç taktik” tartışması da öncelikle bu ikinci akıma ait bir tartışmadır.
Bu bağlamda ilk “taktiğin”, ikinci akımın bir bütünsellik kazanması, “ilkelliği” aşmasıyla ilgili olabileceği söylenebilir. Burada acilen gerekli olan tek bir siyasi partide, örgütte birleşmek değil, parçalar arasındaki bağlar yoluyla birlikte davranmanın kalıcı biçimlerini inşa etmektir. Bu bağları kurmak ve kalıcılaştırmak için siyasi mücadele (devlet iktidarını arzulayan bir haklar ve özgürlükler mücadelesi) alanı içinde sürdürülebilir bir ortak dil ve hafıza inşa etmek gerekecektir. Bu öncelikle, parçalar arasındaki tüm iletişim kanallarını, tüm tartışma alanlarını açık tutarak, gittikçe artan oranda yenilerini kurarak gerçekleştirilebilir. Bu sırada, birinci akımdan ikinciye sızmaları, gelecek olası dayatmaları, siyasi şantajları, bu iki akımın birbirine karışmasını, önlemeye, demokratizm ile komünizm arasındaki çizgiyi korumaya çalışmak da gerekecektir.
İkinci taktik, komünist hareketin birinci akımla kuracağı ilişkilerin mantığının, ilkelerinin, pratiklerinin oluşmasına ilişkindir. Bugün ve daha uzun bir süre (yapının sınırlarına yakınlaştıkça değişmek üzere) birinci akım, tüm “kapitalist gerçekçi” özelliklerine karşın ikinci akımın düşmanı değil, birlikte davranması gereken bir müttefiki olarak kalmaya devam edecektir. Birinci akımla kurulacak ilişkilerin söylemi, dili ve pratik etkinlikleri bu varsayımla inşa edilmelidir.
Üçüncü taktik, konjonktürlere (seçim, grev, ekonomik kriz, siyasi skandal gibi), sarsıcı toplumsal patlamalara, hatta ender “Olay”lara (Gezi isyanı gibi) bağlı olarak, “sol”un bir bütün olarak, AKP’ye oy vermeyen kesim içinde momentumu sürdürülebilecek bir hareket oluşturmaya yönelik, somut olaylardan, günlük sorunlardan hareketle “kampanya” faaliyeti yürütme çabalarına ilişkindir.
Bu “kampanya” faaliyeti, açısından seçimler, somut günlük olaylardan biridir. Solun (genel olarak) birlikte mi tavır alacağı, yoksa ikinci akımın birliği bozarak ayrıca ilerlemeye mi çalışacağına ilişkin karar, bir somut olayın, yapının içindeki konumunun, olası etkilerinin analizinden, yapının ufkuna ne kadar yakın veya uzak olunduğuna ilişkin bir çözümlemeden geçecektir.
Geride bıraktığımız seçimlerde, bu üç taktik etkin biçimde kullanılamamış. Sol, tanımlanabilir bir küme olarak kendini kuramamış. Bu yüzden parçalarının matematik toplamından (bu büyüklüğü düşünebilmek için serbestçe yapılan son 1 Mayıs’ın kitlesine, “Gezi” olayı sırasında hareketlenen çokluğa bakabiliriz) daha büyük bir etki yapmak bir yana, etkisi parçalarının matematik toplamına bile erişememiştir.
AKP dönemi boyunca yaşananlardan, hep AKP’yi sorumlu tuttuk; ona yalakalık eden entelijensiyayı, umut bağlayanları suçladık; hep AKP’yi analiz ettik. Bunları yapmaya da devam edeceğiz, ancak, “kendimize” giderek daha fazla bakmamız gerekiyor.Sospese due maestre ad Alessandria per maltrattamenti ai loro piccoli alunni.
Lo riferisce Il Fatto Quotidiano, che riporta anche il video che immortala le insegnanti coinvolte.
La indagini sono iniziate dopo la denuncia della mamma di uno dei piccoli alunni, tra i 3 e i 5 anni. Al momento, scrive Il Fatto, sono stati accertati abusi su almeno 8 bimbi, tra i 3 e i 5 anni. In alcuni casi gli episodi sfociavano in percosse e violenti strattoni.Let’s say you’re an AT&T customer, circa 2012. You’re trying to use FaceTime on your Apple device and it just isn’t working. It is, however, working great for customers on AT&T’s new (and more expensive) shared data plan.
If that seems unfair you’ll likely be a fan of net neutrality, which is defined as the belief that all data on the internet should be treated equally.
That definition hardly scrapes the surface of the ramifications, regulations, and opinions surrounding net neutrality, though, which is precisely what we’re going to cover here.
Update on Dec. 14, 2017: Trump’s FCC kills net neutrality, opening internet ‘fast lanes’ to ISPs. Watch TechRepublic for more coverage about the FCC’s net neutrality vote.
Update on May 17, 2018: The US Senate voted to overturn the FCC’s net neutrality repeal and preserve the current laws. The House of Representatives will now have to vote on the same reversal. This article will be updated once more information is known.
Update on June 11, 2018: With the House not having taken
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finestra "Estensioni", cercare eventuali componenti aggiuntivi sospetti di recente installati. Quando li trovate, fate clic sul pulsante "Cestino" accanto. Si noti che è possibile disinstallare in modo sicuro tutte le estensioni dal browser Google Chrome - non ce ne sono di fondamentali per il normale funzionamento del browser.
- Se si continuano ad avere problemi come reindirizzamenti e pubblicità indesiderate - Reset Google Chrome.Find out why you should establish learner autonomy in your organization
Learner autonomy can enhance a learning strategy and act as a driver of learner engagement. With an autonomous learning approach, autonomous learners are often better prepared for their job function and life in general.
In many ways, autonomous learning (or independent learning) takes the role of the teacher, educator, or learning admin out of the picture and allows a student to create and follow their own learning process. This pedagogy is more about a learner’s ability to take charge of their own learning, learning styles, and goal-setting.
Learners now have a vast array of knowledge constantly available to them. The trick is to organize that knowledge and distribute it to learners to self-access when they need it, or at least have it sorted in a way that allows the learner to know they’re able to easily access the information they need when they need it most.
Why establish learner autonomy?
The autonomy of your learners to chart their own course set their own goals, and conduct appropriate self-assessments is an invaluable asset when setting out a learning strategy. Some of the benefits include:
- The cultivation of a keen sense of life-long independence, both inside and outside of work.
- An increased sense of intellectual curiosity and a hunger for knowledge that isn’t always found to follow common instructional techniques.
- Fostering innovation and an outside-of-the-box mentality
By providing your learners with the chance to make their own path and set their own learning goals, you are directly empowering their decision-making and allowing them to creatively embark on their own learning adventure.
Creativity also goes hand-in-hand with curiosity and forms the bedrock of what makes individuals pursue lifelong learning. As said by the writer William Arthur Ward, “curiosity is the wick of the candle of learning.”
Consider Malcolm Knowles’ adult learning theory, which outlines six key principles that are critical to the impact of learning:
- Learners need to know why, what, and how.
- Learners want to be autonomous and self-directing.
- Learners’ prior experience is an important consideration.
- Readiness depends on the learner’s needs.
- Orientation to learning tends to be problem-centered and contextual.
- Motivation to learn is an intrinsic value, with a personal payoff.
These principles are intended to ensure the learning method used benefits the learner.
How an e-learning platform encourages learner autonomy
Autonomous learning intersects with technology in a few obvious ways. When the learner is not constrained by the tutelage of an instructor, they’re free to use the tools and technologies the world offers to their maximum benefit. Most Millennial and Gen Z learners today are already adept at using technology effortlessly.
They can also build personalized learning paths, track and monitor their learning progress, and assess performance within the right learning management system (LMS). Further, the location-agnostic nature of e-learning enables distance learning as well as the capability for the instructor-as-facilitator to “check-in” on learner progress as requested or necessary.
L&D admins can leverage their learning platform for the development of autonomy within an organization by:
- Making learning available: This is the foundational purpose, in many ways, of a learning management system (LMS). It is important that learning materials are available to learners whenever and wherever they need or want to access the content, and on the device of their choice.
- Making material relevant: If you’re delivering learning content designed for your engineering department to your marketing team, you’re going to miss the mark. Make sure your learning platform is set up in a way that provides the right courses and content to the right audience, based not only on an individual’s role but also to cover off specific issues or needs that might arise within a given position. Docebo’s Content Marketplace enables training managers to access, browse, and purchase learning materials from prominent off-the-shelf learning content providers. After this, learning materials can be placed in courses, learning plans, and thematic channels to helps learners to dig into a vast range of learning opportunities.
- Entertaining content wins: While not all course material will be “exciting” per se, it’s important to establish a content engagement experience that is more than flipping through a slide deck. Increasingly, video is playing a larger role thanks to its ability to increase learner stimulation. Providing social learning opportunities as well, in which content can be discussed or shared with others, helps to engage learners by allowing them to participate in active, learning-focused conversations with their peers.
- Employing a flexible and un-rigid structure: For learners to be autonomous, they need to be able to learn at their own pace, on their own schedule. Administrators can encourage learners to take the time necessary to learn while also respecting the busy workdays everyone has.
- Powering user-generated content: You likely have subject matter experts within your organization, or after using your learning platform, your employees might become the experts. Allow your learners to put their learning into practice not only on the job but also by creating courses that are distributed across entire teams, departments, or organizations.
- Making it easy to use: Perhaps most importantly, enabling learner autonomy, requires leveraging a learning platform that is not only easy-to-use but user intuitive, putting the learner at the center of their learning journey. If a user cannot easily navigate the platform, it’s more than likely that they won’t go out of their way to seek out learning content beyond what they’ve been assigned by a manager or L&D administrator that comes with a specific purpose.
Promote ongoing learner autonomy
Promoting learner autonomy within your learning platform revolves primarily around championing a sense of ownership. If an individual feels empowered to learn and understands its benefit to their professional development, they will be more inclined to seek out learning opportunities on their own. In order for a learner to take charge of their own learning, or have a desire to do so, your learning strategy must instill a sense of ownership within the learner. Without it, learners are unlikely to care enough about pursuing learning on their own, regardless of how easily accessible learning material is.
Take the concept of learning back to how we learn as children when we are naturally tuned to learning informally, or through our own direction. In our formative years, informal learning in new learning environments kept us mentally stimulated, often without even realizing it. Using the same approach as inspiration, while establishing a direction for learners to take with courses, videos, or learning materials that can be accessed any time without formal instruction, empowers learners to take a more active role in their L&D journey – and helps you promote learner autonomy. That’s the concept behind Docebo Learning Suite, it puts your learners in the driver’s seat.5 Haziran 2014 Perşembe
Başkasının Mezarı (Standing In Another Man's Grave)
Ian Rankin, YKY Yayınları
Çeviri : Dilek Şendil
Bir John Rebus polisiyesi. Olaylar İskoçya'da geçiyor. Kahramanımız emekli dedektif John Rebus, nefis bir karakter. İskoçların göğsünü kabartacak şekilde içiyor, derbeder ve pervasız. Ama zehir gibi, korkusuz, zeki. Kimselere müdanası olmayan bir eski tabanca.
John Rebus, faili meçhul cinayetler biriminde gün geçirirken, gözü yaşlı bir kadınla görüşür. Kadının kızı 12 yıl önce kaybolmuştur. Kadın aslında aynı bölgede kaybolan başka kızlar olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Rebus eski dosyaları indirip araştırınca kadının doğru söylediğini farkeder. Üstüne bir de yeni cinayet işlenip, Rebus önceki vakalarla bu cinayeti ilişkilendirince dava dallanıp budaklanır. Kahramanımız da kendi usulleri ile davanın peşine düşer.
Çok zevkli bir polisiye, Başkasının Mezarı. Depresif İskoçya atmosferi, derbeder yaşlı dedektifi, mafya babası yan karakterleri ile oldukça zengin ve gerçekçi bir roman olmuş. Ben çok beğendim. Başka romanı basılırsa hemen okurum.Dışişleri Avrupa'da gayrimenkul avında
Geçen yıl Onassis'in evini yarı fiyatına alan Dışişleri Bakanlığı, şimdi de İrlanda'da 6 milyon euroya ünlü yatırımcı Quinlan'ın ofisini satın aldı
ABD'de gayrimenkul piyasasıyla başlayan ekonomik kriz, Avrupa'da da en büyük sorunu emlak sektöründe yaşatıyor. Başta Yunanistan'da olmak üzere hükümetler özelleştirme politikalarıyla adalarını ve kamu mallarını satışa çıkarmayı tartışırken işadamları da darboğazdan gayrimenkullerini vitrine koyarak çıkmak istiyor. Fiyatları yarı yarıya düşen gayrimenkullere Türk işadamlarının yanı sıra kamu kurumları da ilgi gösteriyor. Dışişleri Bakanlığı, krizin vurduğu ülkelerde emlak piyasasında fırsat avına çıkarken, kiracı olduğu ülkelerdeki konsolosluklarını da ev sahibi haline getiriyor. Geçen yıl Atina'daki Türk Büyükelçiliği'ne yeni bina arayan Dışişleri, ünlü armatör Onassis'in evini almıştı. 30 milyon euroluk evi, 18 milyona kapatan Türk Büyükelçiliği, Yunanistan Başbakanlık ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sarayı'na da komşu olmuştu. Dışişleri, şimdi de krizden en fazla etkilenen ülkeler arasındaki İrlanda'da yeni bir bina daha satın aldı. İrlanda'nın en ünlü yatırımcılarından Deren Quinlan ile masaya oturan Türkiye, yaklaşık 10 milyon euroluk binayı 6 milyon euroya devraldı.It looks like you're using an Ad Blocker.
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(visit the link for the full news article)
Peering far beyond our solar system, NASA researchers have detected the basic chemistry for life in a second hot gas planet, advancing astronomers toward the goal of being able to characterize planets where life could exist. The planet is not habitable but it has the same chemistry that, if found around a rocky planet in the future, could indicate the presence of life.
"It's the second planet outside our solar system in which water, methane and carbon dioxide have been found, which are potentially important for biological processes in habitable planets," said researcher Mark Swain of NASA Product for Taking the Blues out of Your Green
In 1999, Orbit Research, a small company in Delaware, developed and released a talking scientific calculator that many blind students and professionals have come to embrace. Based originally on the Texas Instruments TI-34 model and, more recently, on the TI-36, this unit displays and voices every operation and offers a learning mode in which the user can press a key to hear its function without performing an inadvertent calculation. The talking scientific calculator was a success and filled a void, but in the decade since, the company has dedicated itself to identifying and filling a more significant gap.
"We wanted to develop a product that would fill a need of everyone in the [blind and low-vision] community," explained Brian Rao, director of engineering for Orbit Research. Not everyone, in other words, uses a scientific calculator, talking or otherwise. The company searched to identify a need and accompanying solution that would fill a gap in the daily lives of all blind people.
The staff at Orbit Research did their homework. After speaking with scores of blind people, including those affiliated with various organizations, the universal problem that surfaced was the identification of currency. Blind and low-vision people in all walks of life expressed their frustration with not being able to identify, independently, whether a piece of currency was $1 or $100, and the company focused on developing a solution.
"There were three challenges that we wanted to address," Rao explained. Essentially, the product had to be compact and unobtrusive, accurate, and affordable. The iBill meets all three criteria with ease.
When asked if the project was selected in response to the widely publicized lawsuit brought by the American Council of the Blind against the U.S. Treasury Department for its failure to make American currency distinguishable by touch, Rao demurred. "We hear that question a lot," he said, "but we were working on this product long before we ever knew anything about a lawsuit."
What It Looks Like
The first striking feature of the iBill is how small and sturdy it is. Measuring 3 by 1.6 by 0.7 inches, it is about the size of two packs of chewing gum laid side by side (thus smaller than most cell phones). The unit is completely solid with no moving parts. On one long edge is a slot the exact width of the narrow end of a piece of U.S. currency. On either end is a single push button. And that's all there is to it.
Caption: The iBill
To use the iBill, one inserts the narrow end of a bill into the slot as far as it will go (about an inch). By pressing either button, the denomination of the bill is announced in a clear female voice. The announcement is a single word, "one," "five," "ten," etc., spoken once. With the bill still inserted, you may press a button again, for as many repetitions as desired, and the single word will be repeated. Recognition takes about one second. There are three modes for identifying currency: speech, tones, and vibration. While the speech mode will undoubtedly be the most widely used by customers, the tone and vibration modes are additions that indicate serious planning from the Orbit Research team. Vibration mode renders the device completely accessible to those low-vision or blind individuals who are also deaf or hearing impaired. Similarly, even if your hearing is perfect and you want to identify your money discretely or in a noisy place, the vibration mode makes that easy to do. The tones mode may be preferred by some who have difficulty discerning speech or, again, who prefer more privacy when identifying currency.
It occurred to me that sometimes I might not want others to see me with a stack of bills in one hand and the iBill in the other while I figure out if I have, say, enough money for taxi fare or the right bills to tip the person who is carrying my luggage. With that in mind, I tested the iBill's ability to identify currency while still inside a purse or laptop bag. It worked perfectly.
While in speech mode, the iBill has three volume levels. To cycle through these three levels and then to tone and vibration modes, you simply press and hold a button on one end of the iBill and then press and release the other. It doesn't matter which button you press first. With each combination of holding down one button and then quickly pressing the other, the device cycles through the five positions in this order: speech minimum volume, speech medium volume, speech maximum volume, tone, vibration, and back again to speech minimum volume.
The recognition in tone and vibration modes is delivered via a set number of beeps or pulses. One dollar, for instance, is a single tone or single pulse. A $2 bill is two tones or pulses. Some denominations are identified with a combination of high-low beeps and/or long-short pulses. A $5 bill, for instance, is identified by three high beeps or three short pulses. A $10 bill is identified by one high beep or one long pulse, a $20 bill by two high beeps or two long pulses. A $100 bill is identified by four beeps in a low-high low-high pattern or, in vibration mode, four pulses in a short-long, short-long sequence. No amount up to $100, in other words, takes longer than four beeps, four pulses, or a single word in order to be recognized. Coupled with the rapid recognition, the device is extremely quick and efficient in any of its three modes.
The iBill operates on a single AAA battery, easily replaced by the user. When the battery is low, the iBill emits two beeps after announcing a bill. After doing this for several recognition sessions, it will eventually just quit entirely, although I didn't push it to that point for this article. I used it for about 10 weeks on a daily basis before finally hearing the battery warning.
Returning to the company's original criteria for a moment, the resulting product is clearly compact and unobtrusive. It is also extremely easy to use. The company Website claims 99.9 percent accuracy and I would concur with that claim. I tested it on all denominations from a $1 bill to a $100 bill, including a $2 bill and the newer $5 bill. When the iBill does not recognize a bill, which happens rarely, it says "error." Typically, if the bill is flattened, turned around, or simply inserted a second time, it will be identified correctly.
At $99, it is without doubt the least expensive currency identifier available. The only serious drawback I can see with this out-of-the-blue product is the initial difficulty the company had in meeting buyer demand. At this point, the iBill can be ordered directly from Orbit Research, the National Federation of the Blind, AT Guys, and possibly some other online sources.
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Copyright © 2010 American Foundation for the Blind. All rights reserved. AccessWorld is a trademark of the American Foundation for the Blind.
|End of advertising|What is STAAR™?
STAAR™ is the state’s student testing program. Over the course of their public school career, students will be tested in the core subject areas–reading, writing, mathematics, science, and social studies. The number of tests taken each year will vary from two to four, depending on the grade level.
The STAAR™ tests for elementary and middle school grades will cover the same subjects and grades as the previous testing program, the Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS). At the high school level, 12 End of Course (EOC) assessments will replace grade-specific tests.
There are a number of resources available to students and parents regarding STAAR™
testing. Below are links to information posted on the Texas Education Agency (TEA) website regarding STAAR™.A holiday first suggested by Nebraska journalist and tree-lover J. Sterling Morton in 1872, Arbor Day was initially a day set aside to encourage pioneers to plant trees
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Bizim de yapmak istediğimiz bu süreci yapay olarak sağlamaktır. Bu yöntemin avantajları ve dezavantajları hep tartışma konusu olmuştur. Balıkların doğal yaşamını gözlemek ve kendilerini doğal ortamında hissetmesini isteyen hobiciler bu yönteme karşı iken, mutlaka yavru almak isteyen hobiciler, üreticiler, akvaryum ortamynda balığın yumurtalarını yutmasından ve tükürmesinden bıkanlar bu yöntemi savunmaktadır.
İhtiyaç duyacağımız tüm malzemeler aşağıdaki resimde gösterilmiştir. (Birçok parçayı hazır satılan dip çekme sifonlarından ve dış filitrelerin hortum takımlarından temin edebiliriz.) Resimler anlatımlardan sonra yer almaktadır.
Öncelikle geniş ağızlı emiş aparatını alıp, dibini tül yada file ile kapatıp, 2-3 paket lastiği ile sabitleyelim. Ben bunu akvaryumdaki diğer balykların yumurtalara yaklaşıp, file üzerinden emip, yumurtaları yememeleri için yapmaktayım. 2-3 cm uzunluğunda bir boru kesip, bu boruyu geniş ağızlı emiş borusuna tutturalım. İlave ettiğimiz bu borunun ucuna da tül gerip, hem yumurtalar için bir yatak, hem de yumurtaların herdaim görünebilir olmasını sağlayalım. Kestiğimiz bu boruyu da bağlayıcı bir parça ile tutturalım.
8-10cm uzunluğunda bir boru daha kesip, bunu bağlayıcı parçanın öbür ucuna sıkıca yerleştirelim.
Bağlayıcı parçanın üzerine vantuz monte edelim. (Isıtıcı vantuzları bu iş için idealdir.)
Bu aşamadan sonra kuluçka aparatını kolayca tamamlayabilirsiniz. Biz yine de bu aşamaları da beraber gözden geçirelim. Bu ilk kısım tamamlandıktan sonra; tankın içine vantuzu tutturup, aparatı 2-3cm suya batıralım. Dişi balığı kusturun. (eğer yumurtaları tükürmüşse toplayın.) Yumurtaları tank suyu ile dolu bir bardakta toplayın. Yumurtaları çabuk ama sakin bir şekilde, içindeki su ile beraber kuluçka aparatına boşaltın. Bu aşamada panik olmadan hızlı davranılmalıdır. Eğer ilk seferde yumurtaların hepsi kuluçka aparatına dökülmezse, bardağı yine tank suyu ile doldurup, tekrar deneyin.
Şimdi kuluçka aparatının üst yarısını yapalım. Yine 8-10cm uzunluğunda bir boru kesip, bir bağlayıcı parça ile arasına tül gerelim.
Bu üst yarıya da vantuz takalım.
Gereken uzunlukta hava hortumu alıp, ucuna kuluçka aparatının içinde kalacak hava taşını yerleştirelim. Hava hortumunu, yine hava çıkışı için egzoz vazifesini görecek bir parçadan geçirelim.
Hava hortumunu, hava taşını ve egzoz parçasını üst yarı için hazırladığımız borunun üstüne monte edelim.
Üst yarığı, yumurtaların içinde olduıu alt yary ile birleştirip, yavaşça tüm düzeneğin en üst kısmı en azından 3cm dışarda kalacak şekilde tanka batıralım. Hava motorunu açıp, hava taşı ile egzoz parçası arasındaki mesafeyi ayarlayalım. Hava hortumu egzoz parçası içinde sıkıca hareket etmelidir. Durum böyle değilse yine paket lastiği ile ayarlanmış mesafeyi sabitlemek gerekir. Hava taşı yumurtalardan uzaklaştıkça; yumurtalardan geçen su miktarı azalacaktyr. En önemli husus, hava taşı ile yumurtalar arasındaki mesafeyi ayarlamak olacaktır. Bu noktada önemli olan dişi balığın ağzındaki durumu simüle etmektir. Ne yumurtalar hareketsiz kalmalı, ne de hasar görecek kadar zıplamalıdır. Hafifçe dönmeleri, yerlerinden yumuşakca havalanıp, geri gelmeleri yeterli olacaktır.
Aşağıdaki resimde tamamlanmış bir kuluçka aparatı vardır. Basit! Egzoz çıkışının, vantuzların diğer tarafına geldiğine dikkat edin. Hava çıkışının cam tarafına değil, tank tarafına doğru olması gerekir.
Yavru balıklar, yumurtalardan çıktıkdan sonra da onları; yumurta keseleri kaybolana kadar kuluçka aparatı içinde bırakabilirsiniz. Bir başka önemli nokta da döllenmemiş, ya da mantarlaşan yumurtaları kuluçka süresince, kuluçka aparatından derhal uzaklaştırmanız gerekliliğidir. Bu tür yumurtalar diğerlerine de hastalık bulaştırabilir. Döllenmemiş veya bozulan yumurtalar beyaz renk olacaktır ve bırakıldığı zaman üzerlerinde mantarlaşma başlayacaktır.
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilir
Size ne kadar tesekkür etsek azdyr. Tekrar tekrar tesekkürlerimi sunar iyi çaly?malar diliyorum.
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilir
Kıdemli Akvarist
[C]2,2,4700[/C]
Kayıt: 14/06/2005
İl: Istanbul
Mesaj: 3895
Kıdemli Akvarist
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilir
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilir
|Aynysyny yaptym. Harika çaly?yyor ve ?u an içinde 30 kadar m.imparator yumurtasy var. Yumurtalar geli?meye ba?lady, kuyruk ve gözler belli oldu.
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilir
Aynysyny yaptym. Harika çaly?yyor ve ?u an içinde 30 kadar m.imparator yumurtasy var. Yumurtalar geli?meye ba?lady, kuyruk ve gözler belli oldu.
[/QUOTE]
Bu haber harcady?ym bütün zamana de?di.
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilir
Kesinlikle cok daha basit !!! tesekkurler dostum
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilir
"Kesinlikle cok daha basit !!! tesekkurler dostum"
Evet basit ama çok kaba.
Buyrun çaly?lyrken görebilirsiniz. http://selimoksuz.myftp.org
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilir
Özel Üye
Kayıt: 20/06/2005
İl: Izmir
Mesaj: 212
Özel Üye
Mesela ben üretimhanemde süt süzmek için kullanylan süzgeçlerden ( ) kullanyyorum 15 cm altyna hava ta?y koyup bu ?ekilde yavrularyn geli?imini izliyorum.
Ama sizin gösterdi?iniz yöntemler oldukça estetik ve ho? bi?ey. Kolay gelsin
Üye imzalarını sadece giriş yapan üyelerimiz görebilirMS Outlook utilizza OFT come formato modello per creare layout per le e-mail. Il modello può essere preformattato e popolato con il contenuto in modo dinamico per la creazione di messaggi personalizzati. In alcuni casi, potresti ottenere i file OFT e devi convertirli in formato HTML a livello di codice. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo, questo articolo mostra come convertire un file OFT in HTML in Java.ممکن است در بعضی از سناریوها بخواهید ابزار TMG Client را بر روی کلاینت ها و یا سرورهای موجود در شبکه خود استفاده کنید. بدین منظور از کجا می توانید فایل نصبی این ابزار را به دست آورید؟ در زیر به روش های انجام این کار اشاره شده است:
روش اول – دانلود مستقیم از سایت مایکروسافت: در این روش براحتی می توانید آخرین نسخه فایل نصب TMG Client را مستقیم از سایت مایکروسافت دانلود نمایید. بدین منظور کافیست اینجا را کلیک کنید.
روش دوم – استفاده از DVD محتوی نرم افزار TMG 2010: به صورت پیش فرض، فایل نصبی ابزار TMG Client در DVD محتوی نرم افزار TMG 2010 وجود دارد. این فایل در فولدر Client قرار گرفته است. به شکل زیر نگاه کنید:
نکته: همواره پیشنهاد می گردد که از روش اول به منظور دسترسی به فایل نصبی TMG Client استفاده کنید. علت این امر آنست که در روش اول می توانید به جدیدترین نسخه ارائه شده از سوی مایکروسافت دسترسی داشته باشید.
اگر چنانچه می خواهید TMG Client را به صورت همزمان بر روی حجم انبوهی از کلاینت ها نصب کنید، ممکن است از خود بپرسید که از کجا می توانید فایل msi این ابزار را جهت deploy نمودن آن از طریق Group Policy بدست آورید. در این خصوص جالب است که بدانید که فایل نصبی بدست آمده از روش دوم، یک فایل msi می باشد که براحتی می توانید در این گونه سناریوها از آن استفاده کنید.
حال اگر چنانچه با استفاده از روش اول به آخرین نسخه از ابزار TMG Client دسترسی پیدا کرده اید، در این حالت چگونه می توان به فایل msi مورد نظر دستیافت. در این سناریو براحتی می توانید با استفاده از نرم افزار WinRAR به این مهم نائل آیید. بدین منظور کافیست طبق تصاویر زیر عمل کنید:So, we’re all now experts in what AR is and how it came about. Today in AR Week is where we get into the nitty gritty a little further. What we’re going to take a look at is how augmented reality actually works and, from that, you should get a pretty good idea of why we are where we are with AR applications and what it’s going to take to get this branch of technology up to that next level.
To make sense of the process, we’ll break it down into the necessary components which make AR possible. So, from the viewer to the world and beyond, this is how AR works.
Window on the world
The first thing you’re going to need for augmented reality is some reality. If you haven’t got that then you’ve got nothing to work with and all you could possibly create is an entirely virtual world. So, effectively what you need is a window on the world of some sort. Whether that’s a remote view through a video screen - as in the case of a television - or, more likely, the location with which you wish to augment. You need that backdrop, the canvas of reality to add information to which you otherwise would not be able to appreciate. If there’s no reality, there’s no AR. Simple enough so far.
AR display device
Now that you’ve got your background environment, you need a way of displaying the augmentations to your brain. The idea of AR, of course, is to supply information of your environment that’s otherwise undetectable to your naked senses. So, for it to work, you need a method of displaying those annotations that wouldn’t ordinarily exist. Most often, what we’re talking about is effectively a frame through which to look at the world. The classic examples are a mobile phone, head mounted display (glasses or a visor), heads up display (in the case of a fighter pilot’s windscreen) or even a tablet in this day and age.
There are other possibilities; such as a projector to provide on overlay directly onto the surface you wish to augment, or even the most common one of all, a television or monitor which supplies quite neatly a view of reality via a remote camera and also the power to display graphic information depending upon what’s added by the production team in their broadcast studios or your computer hardware.
Beyond the visual world, you could also have devices for other senses such as a glove or earpiece which could supply more information to both the sense of touch or hearing. Whatever the case, there needs to be something in between your organic senses to allow them to translate an unseen stimulus from the environment into something you can detect.
It’s one thing to have your reality and a way to display the desired augmentations, but a crucial piece of the puzzle is having that extra information to add in the first place. What we’re most usually talking about is a database of some sort and there’s two main forms that this is likely to take.
The first is that it could be a local source of information. In other words a database stored somewhere on the AR user. More likely in this day and age is the second option, and that’s using that great source of freely accessible data that is the Internet. We could be talking about something very specific such as the information on Wikipedia or it could be a more complex application pulling in data from a variety of places such as Facebook, Flickr and Twitter to, perhaps, offer face recognition based on photographs followed by whereabouts, telephone numbers, status updates and likes and dislikes - all from information shared on these social networks.
Of course, the data doesn’t have to be free if it’s on the Internet. It could be something stored in the cloud but still secured and private and only accessible to certain people. That way it’s still information that can be accessed from anywhere without having to walk around with a hard disk strapped to the user’s back. However, if you wish to wear that backpack or keep all the data on your mobile phone, then that's okay too.
Whether or not the user has to physically carry around the data or whether it’s found on the Internet instead, the fact remains that one requires a live connection to that information for AR to work. In the case of having it all locally with a backpack strapped on, it’s simply a case of using high speed cables to wire a direct connection between the computer and your window on the world, that is your AR display device.
In many ways, this is actually the best solution because the connection is both quick and reliable. The limitation is that it’s rather impractical on the mass user level, so heading into the future the connection that we’re talking about is a connection - usually wireless - to the Internet. That’s either going to be over a local network to a router, via Wi-Fi if in a more controlled environment, but more probably if AR is really going to kick off in a big way, it’s going to be need to be done over something further reaching and more ubiquitous in the shape of the mobile broadband network; be that over HSDPA, LTE, Wi-Max or whatever the best available technology is at the time.
Naturally, the downside here is that the user is relying heavily on coverage and speed of connection for a consistent AR experience as well as the servers at the other end being in good shape too. Thankfully, all of this is getting better as time goes on and, although it might seem like the weak link at the moment, it’s not, in fact, the area that’s holding AR back, but more on that later in AR Week.
The hardware is in place but there’s a lot of reality out there and bags of information on the Internet for your AR display device to connect to. What you now need is some software to recognise what’s coming into your device from the outside world, call up the required information based on that and then instruct your mobile phone, your HMD or whatever it is to display and overlay the data correctly - and all in the blink of an eye. Not an easy task.
For most of the top labs studying AR in the technology institutions of the world, this is exactly what they’re working on. Potentially this application could be stored on the Internet, on your display device or a dedicated box somewhere on your person. Generally speaking it’s going to require some decent graphics processing hardware to work properly for the initial recognition part of the process as well as having the ability to generate the augmentations for the user to see. What’s more, all of this has to be done in real time for it to work.
One way around the recognition part of the equation is by using GPS to track the user's position instead of having to rely on the software correctly identifying your surroundings, based on a view of information through the lens on your cameraphone or whatever it may be. The issue there, though, is that you need the positional information to be dead on, as well as a data set that includes maps, although the latter isn’t such a problem with the likes of Google Maps and Street View available to all.
Perhaps one of the hardest tasks of all is to track the virtual objects and render them correctly in 3D so that the user can move through his or her environment while still receiving accurate annotations of that which they see. To do all that without so much as having the overlay a millimetre off, in real time and with the correct perspective, is one of the toughest challenges of all.
Finally, on a more conceptual than technical level, the developer also needs to make sure that any information that they display to the user is done so in a meaningful way that’s relevant to the task. We can only take in so much at once and it’s no good bombarding someone with more than their brain can process. So, while it might be possible for an application to pull in 3D details of absolutely everything in a scene, it’s important to have something that’s both selective and unobtrusive as well. This is augmented reality and both the augmentations and the reality are just as important as one another.
So, those are the elements that make AR possible and if you manage to complete that chain from one end to the other, then you’ll have a system that works and is hopefully useful at the same time. From our brief look at each step so far, it’s very easy to see that none of this is straight forward and we’ll take a closer look at where most of the challenges lie later in AR Week. Stay tuned.
For more information on what Qualcomm is doing with Augmented Reality please click: http://www.qualcomm.co.uk/products/augmented-reality
And for more on AR Week head over to our AR Week homepage on Pocket-lintBeatrice era la fidanzata e amante di Dante Alighieri. Sebbene descritta da tutti come un’anima “pura” degna del Paradiso, dopo aver perso un patto con Lucifero, fu costretta ad accompagnarlo all’Inferno per diventare la sua sposa. La sua cattura fu il catalizzatore per il viaggio di Dante attraverso l’Inferno e la redenzione della sua anima.
Aspetto
In vita, Beatrice appariva come una donna bella e
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. A further designation in the Shawnee is called a Research Natural Area—permanently protected to maintain biological diversity and to provide places for research and monitoring of undisturbed natural areas. With evocative names like LaRue-Pine Hills/Otter Pond, Bell Smith Springs, and Panther Hollow, they excite the imagination of potential visitors.Pilot, camı patlayan uçaktan dışarıya fırladı ama hayatta kalmayı başardı! Kaza havacılık tarihindeki en önemli olaylardan birisi olarak görülüyor.
Havacılık tarihindeki ilginç olayları derlediğimiz serimizde bu hafta, British Airways’in 5390 numaralı uçuşuna değineceğiz.
Mucize kurtuluş
10 Haziran 1990′da Birmingham Havalimanı’ndan havalanan 5390 numaralı uçuş, 22 dakikalık bir felakete havalandı. Kazayı National Geographic, Uçak Kazası Raporu belgeselinde inceledi.
5390 numaralı uçuş, İngiltere’den İspanya Malaga’ya gidecekti.10 Haziran günü her şey prosedüre uygun olarak başladı.
Uçuş ekibi yıllardır birbiriyle uçuyordu ve çok iyi arkadaştı. Sadece Yardımcı Pilot Alastair Atchison, ekibe yeni katılmıştı.
Uçuştaysa dönemin modern uçaklarından birisi olan BAC One–Eleven kullanılıyordu. 1963 yılında ilk uçuşunu yapan BAC One-Eleven, günümüzde kullanılan jet motorların temellerinden olan Rolls-Royce Spey’e sahipti.
Tüm zamanların en inanılmaz uçuşlarından olan birisi, küçük bir gecikmeyle havalandı.
Uçakta 81 yolcu ve 6 ekip üyesi bulunuyordu.A health educator teaches individuals and communities learn how to live wholesome existence to forestall problems that may shorten their lives or, not less than, make them disagreeable. The issue with this has been recognized for two decades: “If analysis within the discipline of public well being is to develop more sturdy and holistic explanations for patterns of health and sickness in contemporary society, then it must utilize and build on lay knowledge—the meanings that health, sickness, disability, and threat have for people” a hundred thirty five (p. 760).
The neighborhood researchers, echoing the basic importance of the pathway between education and health via employment, discussed multiple pathways by which employment could influence health, including publicity to work-associated stress, effects on motivation and outlook, potential to construct social networks, and financial impression on the surroundings the place one lives.
By means of the modeling train, the community researchers noted quite a few ways in which attitudes can affect well being, but a lot is unknown about whether or not these attitudes are impacted by education and how vital the attitudes are to well being outcomes.
UNICEF Expertise-primarily based Health Training Programme – A programme of life skills-primarily based health education focuses on sharing data, attitudes and abilities which assist behaviours that assist younger people take larger management of their lives by making wholesome life choices, gaining higher resistance to unfavorable pressures, and minimising harmful behaviours.
The educational literature provides proof that youth participation in organized actions affects academic attainment and achievement, behavioral problems (together with substance abuse), and psychosocial competence (e.g., feelings, motivation, initiative, and shallowness).Belfast, 10 Ekim 13 (T.A.K): Kuzey İrlanda'da düzenlenen silahlı saldırılarda iki kişinin hayatını kaybettiği bildirildi.
Polis, 40 yaşlarında Katolik bir erkeğin Belfast'ta parkta köpeklerini gezdirirken vurularak öldürüldüğünü, saldırının kendilerini silah bırakan İrlanda Cumhuriyetçi Ordusu (İRA) ile ilişkilendiren bir grup tarafından üstenildiğini bildirdi.
Londonderry'de düzenlenen diğer saldırıda bir kişinin evinde öldürüldüğünü bildiren polis, henüz kimsenin üstlenmediği bu saldırının failinin de aynı grup olduğuna inanıyor.
İRA, 2005 yılında silah bırakarak, Kuzey İrlanda'nın İngiltere ile bağlarını koparması amacıyla sürdürdüğü şiddet eylemlerine son verse de, daha sonra ortaya çıkan ve kendilerini İRA ile ilişkilendiren Cumhuriyetçi gruplar farklı isimler altında faailyetlerini sürdürüyor.
(AA/AK/HÖ)
Henüz kimse yorum yapmamış, ilk yorum yapan siz olun.Econometric Estimation and the CLRM Assumptions
Part of the Econometrics For Dummies Cheat Sheet
Econometric techniques are used to estimate economic models, which ultimately allow you to explain how various factors affect some outcome of interest or to forecast future events. The ordinary least squares (OLS) technique is the most popular method of performing regression analysis and estimating econometric models, because in standard situations (meaning the model satisfies a series of statistical assumptions) it produces optimal (the best possible) results.
The proof that OLS generates the best results is known as the Gauss-Markov theorem, but the proof requires several assumptions. These assumptions, known as the classical linear regression model (CLRM) assumptions, are the following:
The model parameters are linear, meaning the regression coefficients don't enter the function being estimated as exponents (although the variables can have exponents).
The values for the independent variables are derived from a random sample of the population, and they contain variability.
The explanatory variables don't have perfect collinearity (that is, no independent variable can be expressed as a linear function of any other independent variables).
The error term has zero conditional mean, meaning that the average error is zero at any specific value of the independent variable(s).
The model has no heteroskedasticity (meaning the variance of the error is the same regardless of the independent variable's value).
The model has no autocorrelation (the error term doesn't exhibit a systematic relationship over time).
If one (or more) of the CLRM assumptions isn't met (which econometricians call failing), then OLS may not be the best estimation technique. Fortunately, econometric tools allow you to modify the OLS technique or use a completely different estimation method if the CLRM assumptions don't hold.علائم ایمنی صنعتی در بسیاری از صنایع رایج هستند. آنها فرم های مختلفی را می گیرند، اما تمام علائم ایمنی صنعتی طراحی شده اند تا ایمنی را از طریق اطلاع رسانی به کارگران، اپراتورها و مسافران خطرات بالقوه در مناطق خاص، نزدیک تجهیزات و یا در نزدیکی مواد خطرناک طراحی کنند.
موارد مورد استفاده برای علائم ایمنی صنعتی را استفاده کنید
علائم ایمنی صنعتی برای اهداف مختلف مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند، بیشتر برنامه های کاربردی رایج در یکی از سه دسته قرار می گیرند:
- الزامات تعمیر و نگهداری تجهیزات – تجهیزات و ماشین آلات صنعتی مستلزم نگهداری منظم و منظم برای کارکردن در بهترین حالت است. نشانه ها اغلب برای تعیین الزامات تعمیر و نگهداری و ارائه دستورالعمل های اولیه برای روش های تعمیر و نگهداری، مانند راه مناسب برای تعطیل کردن تجهیزات قبل از تعمیر و نگهداری روزمره استفاده می شود.
- دستورالعمل های عملیاتی – مانند نشانه هایی برای الزامات تعمیر و نگهداری، علائم ایمنی صنعتی معمولا برای تشریح روش های عملیاتی اساسی برای اطمینان از ایمنی اپراتور استفاده می شود. در حالیکه اپراتورهای با تجربه تجهیزات ممکن است نیازی به بررسی روشهای ایمنی استاندارد قبل از هرگونه استفاده نداشته باشند، این نوع نشانه ها اغلب توسط ادارات نظارتی مجاز می باشند و یک ایمنی برای مسئولیت شرکت فراهم می کنند. به عنوان مثال، اگر یک اپراتور خود را با استفاده از روش های عملیاتی نامناسب صدمه ببیند، اگر این تجهیزات علامت های مناسب را نمایش ندهد، شرکت ممکن است جریمه شود.
- دستورالعمل های ایمنی – این نوع نشانه ها برای انتقال هشدارهای ایمنی مهم در مورد خطرات سلامتی و آلودگی استفاده می شود. این علائم ممکن است اطلاعاتی را درباره اجتناب از قرار گرفتن در معرض مواد شیمیایی مضر یا مواد خطرناک یا مواد نشان دهد یا به عنوان اطلاع رسانی از مکان تجهیزات ایمنی مانند ایستگاه شستشوی چشم استفاده کنند.
تمام علائم ایمنی صنعتی در نظر گرفته شده است تا اطلاعات مهمی را که ممکن است در اولین نگاه روشن نباشد، برای حفظ کارگران و افراد دیگر از آسیب های احتمالی یا خطرات بهداشتی نگه می دارد.
مزایای نشانه های ایمنی صنعتی
واضح ترین مزیت نشانه های ایمنی صنعتی این است که آنها ایمنی را افزایش می دهند و به جلوگیری از آسیب در محل کار و سایر تنظیمات کمک می کنند. برخی از برنامه های کاربردی به مقرراتی اعطا شده اند که از نشانه های ایمنی صنعتی استفاده می کنند، اغلب مشخص کردن انواع نشانه هایی که باید در مکان های خاصی در تجهیزات یا تجهیزات نزدیک، و همچنین رنگ ها، نمادها و پیام های مورد نیاز برای انطباق باشند.
البته پیشگیری از آسیب همیشه نتیجه مطلوب است، اما متاسفانه، خطاهای عملیاتی و سایر حوادث ممکن است به رغم بهترین اقدامات پیشگیرانه منجر به جراحت شود. علائم ایمنی صنعتی می تواند به کاهش مسئولیت کمک کند با ارائه اطلاع رسانی مناسب برای اپراتورها و دیگر کارگران در مجاورت خطرات ناشی از ماشین آلات، خطرات شیمیایی ، الزامات حفاظتی محافظ ایمنی مانند حفاظت از چشم و حفاظت از گوش و غیره. شرکت ها ممکن است برای خسارات خاصی مسئولیت نداشته باشند، در صورتی که تمام اقدامات ایمنی مناسب صورت گرفته باشد و هشدارها و دستورالعمل های ایمنی به طور مناسب و واضح قابل مشاهده باشند. البته، کارگران حق برخورداری از مزایای جبران خدمت دارند ، اما علائم ایمنی مناسب می توانند برای شرکت ها یک ضمانت را ارائه دهند، اگر یک فرد مجروح برای خسارت بیشتر تلاش کند. (به عبارت دیگر، علائم ایمنی صنعتی به شما کمک می کند تا مطمئن شوید که تمام اردک های خود را در یک ردیف نگه دارید.)
علائم ایمنی صنعتی همچنین می تواند کمک به راه اندازی ، ارائه اطلاعات در مورد مسیرهای جایگزین، امن تر از نقطه A به نقطه B، اطلاع رسانی به مردم از مناطق پر از که می تواند خطرات ایمنی، و ارائه نشانه های واضح و قابل مشاهده برای هدایت مردم به خروجی اضطراری و یا برچسب محل تجهیزات اضطراری ضروری، از قبیلخودکار defibrillators خارجی (AEDs) و آتش خاموش . در حقیقت، مقرراتOSHA شامل مشخصات برای مسیرهای خروج اضطراری می باشد، که مأموریت همه خروجی ها با علائم “خروج” بسیار قابل رویت است، و دیگر راهروها و نواحی دیگری که ممکن است برای مسیر خروج اشتباه باشند، باید با نشانه هایی نشان داده شود که نشان می دهد “نه خروج ، “همراه با برچسب گذاری مناسب برای انتقال هدف واقعی از فضا (به عنوان مثال، گنجه، اتاق کنفرانس، و غیره).
OSHA همچنین نیاز دارد که در هر زمان یک نشانه خطی از نشانه به نشانه خروج وجود داشته باشد و خروج از موانع و موانع است که ممکن است مانع از خروج مردم از ساختمان با خیال راحت شود. هنگامی که مسیر به خروجی واضح نیست، دیگر نشانه ها باید برای هدایت ساکنان به نزدیکترین مسیر خروج استفاده شود. به طور خلاصه، علائم ایمنی صنعتی مزایای خاصی را در زمینه ایمنی ارائه می دهند، اما آنها همچنین به تضمین های قانونی و کاهش خطر شرکت کمک می کنند.
انواع نشانه های ایمنی صنعتی
علائم ایمنی صنعتی دارای اشکال و توابع مختلفی هستند، اما آنها می توانند به بهترین شکل طبقه بندی شوند. هنگامی که اکثر مردم به نشانه های ایمنی صنعتی فکر می کنند، آنها از علائم استاندارد “احتیاط” و “هشدار دهنده” که نشان دهنده خطر هستند فکر می کنند. این نوع علائم نشان دهنده یکی از سه سطح خطر است :
- نشانه های خطر – خطرات فوری را مشخص کنید که در صورتی که مورد اجتناب قرار نگیرد، باعث آسیب یا مرگ می شود.
- علائم هشدار دهنده – یک سطح خطر را که در جایی بین هشدار و خطر قرار می گیرد را نشان می دهد، که نشانگر خطر است که ممکن است منجر به آسیب جدی یا مرگ شود، اگر اجتناب ناپذیر باشد.
- علائم احتمالی – حداقل پایین بودن سطح خطر را نشان می دهد، که نشان دهنده موقعیت های بالقوه خطرناک است و ممکن است در صورتی که اجتناب ناپذیر باشد، ممکن است سبب کاهش آسیب شود.
البته علائم ایمنی صنعتی بیش از حد خطر است. انواع علائم ایمنی صنعتی که در زیر آورده شده، عملکرد اولیه انواع نشانه ها را مشخص می کنند، اما توجه داشته باشید که آنها لزوما متقابلا منحصر به فرد نیستند. در برخی موارد، برخی از نمادها یا پیام ها می توانند در سایر انواع نشانه ها مورد استفاده قرار گیرند و علامت دوگانه ای ایجاد می شوند. سایر انواع نشانه های ایمنی صنعتی عبارتند از:
- نشانه های خطر زیستی – برای نشان دادن حضور واقعی یا بالقوه خطر زیستی ، شناسایی اشیاء (ابزار، تجهیزات، ظروف، و غیره) که یا احتمالا با “عامل های خطرناک زنده” که خطر یا خطر بالقوه ای دارند، آلوده می شوند به رفاه فردی.
- علائم اطلاع رسانی – مورد استفاده برای برقراری ارتباط اطلاعات عمومی مربوط به تجهیزات، ساختمان، منطقه، و یا ماشین. این علائم مربوط به شیوه هایی است که به آسیب های شخصی مربوط نیست.
- علامت های ایمنی عمومی – برای برقراری ارتباط دستورالعمل های مهم ایمنی و روش ها، مانند قوانین و روش های برای کمک های اولیه ، بهداشت ، خانه، تجهیزات پزشکی، و غیره استفاده می شود.
- نشانه های ایمنی آتش – همانطور که قبلا ذکر شد، علائم ایمنی صنعتی اغلب برای برچسب گذاری مکان تجهیزات اضطراری مانند آتش خاموش استفاده می شود. این علائم شامل دستورالعمل های مربوط به ایمنی تجهیزات نیستند. در عوض، آنها به سادگی مکان تجهیزات اضطراری را نشان می دهند تا ابزارهای صرفه جویی در دسترسی به اطلاعات را در صورت بحران آسان کند.
- علائم پذیرش – مشخص کنید که چه کسی مجاز به ورود به مناطق یا مکان های مشخص شده است. علائم پذیرش اغلب در ارتباط با انواع دیگر علائم استفاده می شود؛ به عنوان مثال، یک پیام پذیرش ممکن است در یک هشدار یا علامت احتیاط یا یک علامت با هر هدر دیگری وارد شود.
- علائم ایمنی – در حالی که علامت های ایمنی می توانند به تنهایی بر روی نشانه ایستادگی کنند (به شرطی که برای انتقال پیام کافی باشد)، آنها اغلب در کنار سایر انواع نشانه ها برای ارائه تصویری تصویری همراه با متن و اعلان نوشته می شوند. این نمادها شامل همه چیز از اقدامات مورد نیاز یا ممنوعه تا عواقب و جهت ها، و همچنین اثرات تعامل با مخاطرات مانند قرار گرفتن در معرض مواد شیمیایی است. علاوه بر این، علامت های ایمنی را می توان به صورت پیوسته برای نشان دادن یک دنباله ای از وقایع به صورت بصری استفاده می شود.
- شکل های فراگیر – اشکال فراگیر شامل هشدار خطر، اقدامات اجباری، ممنوعیت و اطلاعات است و اغلب آنها به سرعت هدف اصلی یک علامت ایمنی را در بر می گیرد، در حالی که عناصر دیگر جزئیات بیشتری را در مورد پیام های خاص ارائه می دهند. ممنوعیت حجم فراگیر برای علائمی که ارتباطات ممنوعه را اعمال می کند، مورد نیاز است. اکثر مردم این شکل را به عنوان یک دایره (قرمز یا سیاه) با قطبی مورب تشخیص می دهند.
علاوه بر این عناصر، تابش لنز نیز در نظر گرفتن نشانه های ایمنی است. دو پایان اولیه وجود دارد که می تواند نشانه های علائم ایمنی را افزایش دهد:
- علائم ایمنی عکس – فلومینسانس (یا PL) به کیفیت ماده ای برای انتشار نور پس از قرار گرفتن در معرض نور و دیگر تابش الکترومغناطیسی اشاره دارد. بنابراین علائم عکس لومینسنتی، پس از قرار گرفتن در معرض نور، برای حس عمق بیشتر نور می شوند.
- علائم ایمنی نشانگرهای یکپارچه – Retroreflectivity ویژگی خاصی از مواد و مواد خاص را برای نشان دادن نور به منبع اولیه آن توصیف می کند. اکثر علامت های ترافیک در حال حاضر درخشنده ی یکپارچه به منظور افزایش دید در شب است.
ملزومات قانونی
علائم ایمنی صنعتی تحت نظر چند سازمان نظارتی، از جمله OSHA، ANSI، و استانداردهای نظامی صادر شده توسط وزارت دفاع است. در اینجا یک مرور کلی از مقررات اولیه مربوط به علائم ایمنی صنعتی صادر شده توسط هر یک از این مقامات است:
قوانین OSHA
OSHA Standard 1910.145 ، مشخصات برای نشانه ها و برچسب های پیشگیری از حوادث، مقررات اولیه است که شرایط الزامات نشانه های ایمنی صنعتی را مشخص می کند. این مشخصات برای “طراحی، کاربرد و استفاده از علائم و نشانه هایی که نشان دهنده و، تا آنجا که ممکن است، خطرات مشخصی را که ممکن است به کارگران یا عمومی یا هر دو و یا آسیب های ملکی آسیب برساند، اعمال می کند.” توجه داشته باشید که این مشخصات همه را پوشش می دهد انواع علائم ایمنی به استثنای علائم تعیین شده برای خیابان ها، راه آهن ها و بزرگراه ها، و همچنین برای تابلوهای اطلاع رسانی و یا پوسترهای ایمنی استفاده نمی شود.
OSHA مشخص می کند که تمام علائم باید گوشه های گرد و یا بی نهایت داشته باشند و باید از لبه های تیز، چلپ چلوپ، لکه ها یا هر گونه پیش بینی های تیز دیگر استفاده کنند. علاوه بر این، سرها یا سر پیچ ها و یا سایر دستگاه های اتصال باید به گونه ای قرار گیرد که آنها خطر را ایجاد نکنند.
علاوه بر این، OSHA مشخصات خاصی را برای رنگ ها، نمادها و سایر عناصر مورد استفاده برای نشانه های خاص مشخص می کند، از جمله:
- نشانه های خطر – باید قرمز، سیاه و سفید باشد.
- علائم احتمالی – باید رنگ پس زمینه زرد با حروف سیاه را برای هر عنصر مورد استفاده در برابر پس زمینه زرد داشته باشد. پانل باید سیاه با حروف زرد باشد.
- نشانه های آموزش ایمنی – باید یک پس زمینه سفید داشته باشد و پانل باید با حروف سفید رنگ سبز باشد. هر حرفی که در مقابل پس زمینه سفید استفاده می شود باید سیاه باشد.
سایر الزامات مهم مطرح شده توسط OSHA عبارتند از:
- تمام اصطلاحات در هر نشانه باید مختصر و آسان برای خواندن باشد. علائم باید
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turn back the hands of time.
As you can see, growth hormone can be used to address a few of the common problems that stem from growing older. Because of its effectiveness, growth hormone has been endorsed by multiple celebrities.
Suzanne Somers is one of the famous believers in the power of growth hormone. Aged 70, Somers looks much younger and she has often attributed her youthfulness to HGH. Somers has spoken openly about her growth hormone use. This candid behavior turns her into one of the most famous supporters of the therapy.
Is HGH The Fountain Of Youth?
Maintaining hormonal balance is of paramount importance for optimal health. Many of the problems that occur later on in life are the result of a hormonal change – menopause in women and low testosterone in men. Just like the primary sex hormones, HGH is also important for maintaining youthfulness.
The most important thing to remember is that growth hormone may be quite beneficial but the administration of synthetic hormones always comes with a risk.
Just like synthetic testosterone, growth hormone injections can cause unpleasant side effects. The most common problems stemming from the therapy include an increased risk of diabetes, carpal tunnel syndrome, joint pain and even edema.
A dependency on the injections may also develop. This is why medical practitioners advice against growth hormone therapies in healthy adults. HGH injections can be used solely under strict medical supervision and following a specific program developed for the needs of the particular patient.
If you’re interested in synthetic HGH, you should also keep in mind that it’s not allowed for professional athletes and bodybuilders. Growth hormone injections are performance enhancers and as such, they’re banned by sports organizations.
What’s The Alternative To Growth Hormone Injections?
An alternative does exist and it happens to be much more affordable and safer than growth hormone injections. This alternative is called HGH boosters.
HGH boosters are natural supplements that don’t contain synthetic hormones. They come in the form of a pill, which is an added benefit. Growth hormone boosters help the body make HGH on its own. This is the main reason why people opting for such supplements are not going to experience side effects.
The herbal or animal-based ingredients found in growth hormone supplements affect the functioning of the pituitary gland. They launch the production of growth hormone – a completely natural process. Thus, even athletes and bodybuilders can rely on such products without fearing the sanctions.
Good HGH releasers can deliver sensible results in terms of improving the user’s physique, giving them a more youthful appearance and providing the array of health benefits already mentioned in the article.
If you’re interesting in such an anti-aging product that’s natural and safe, you should consider GenF20 Plus.
GenF20 Plus is based on l-arginine, astragalus root extract and deer antler velvet – substances that have been tested extensively and that have a proven result in terms of boosting growth hormone levels.
To sum it up, growth hormone really is the fountain of youth but you have to be careful about the form of the hormone you choose. Synthetic HGH injections can easily do a lot more harm than good. Natural supplementation is a lot safer and it can be equally efficient. If you want to get the best results, you’ll simply have to pick the right supplement.For the last year, Crossroads colleagues at ERAC/Ce (Eliminating Racism and Claiming/Celebrating Equality) in Kalamazoo, MI have been intentionally working with folks in the immigrants rights and immigrant integration movements. From this collaboration come these five insights regarding the contribution antiracism offers these movements.
1. The antiracism analysis goes beyond the Black/White binary and aims to build multi-racial coalitions.
Conversations about race and racism in the U.S. are often dichotomous, inclusive only of White dominant and African-American cultural values. An antiracism lens invites those of us who work to welcome immigrants to understand the ways in which all immigrants become racialized when they arrive here according to the U.S. race construct. There are typically six racial groups in the U.S. – Arab, Asian and Pacific Islander, Latino, Native American, African American, and White. Immigrants may or may not understand how they are viewed in the U.S. compared to in their home country, but there are very real ways in which their race affects how they are treated and how much access they get to institutions and the resources necessary for life. An antiracism analysis also reminds many of us that we are not all immigrants, which you often hear within the immigrant rights and integration movement. The founding of the U.S. began with the genocide of Native Indian peoples who originally lived on this land. What’s more, there have been economic and political strategies throughout history that have been designed to steal land and resources from and invisiblize Indian people and Indian country.
2. Antiracism teaches White people, including White immigrant allies and advocates, that racism is not about blame.
None of us were around when racism was established in this country over 500 years ago. Many conversations about race and racism go badly because we aren’t taught how to have productive dialogue about these often-painful topics. We need a common language, more complete awareness of history, and an understanding that racism isn’t any one person’s fault (at least not anyone living today). And yet we are all responsible for the dismantling of it. Racism dehumanizes us all and antiracism helps White people as well as People of Color find their self-interest in the work. This analysis can help White U.S.-born immigrant advocates and allies approach their work from a place of solidarity with immigrants and other People of Color instead of paternalism (wanting to “help, fix, and save” immigrants). It also reminds us that racism is more than just individual race prejudice. We must also examine how U.S. systems and institutions were built for White people, by White people, and in large part continue to serve White society better. Instead of focusing narrowly on a particular person’s attitudes and actions about different racial groups, antiracism asks the question: how is a particular White dominant culture value, practice, policy, or law working to maintain the supremacy of Whiteness?
3. Antiracism work is collaborative and always informed by/centered around anti-oppressive values.
Antiracism move us from the White dominant culture values like scarcity, either/or thinking, individualism/competition, and secrecy toward the antiracist/anti-oppressive values like an abundant worldview, both/and thinking, collective action, and transparency. Further, antiracism seeks to dismantle the silo-ing of and competition among social justice movements (aka the “Oppression Olympics”), which has been established through the divide and conquer strategies of our colonial and neo-colonial history. What if oppressed groups starting working together – sharing knowledge, wisdom, resources, and tools? What if we all knew there is enough to go around and that we truly are stronger together? What if as resisters of oppression we began working cooperatively to co-create a country that welcomes and celebrates all?
4. Antiracism builds upon intersectionality – the understanding that we all have multiple identities.
Antiracism understands that racism is a system of oppression linked to other systems of oppression that robs each of us of our full humanity and impairs our ability to create just and sustainable community with one another both locally and globally. Racism is not the only “ism” and antiracism doesn’t ask us to drop our other identities in order to talk about race and racism. We can use our other experience around privilege and/or oppression as a window, not a wall. While it isn’t helpful to talk exclusively about racism, it is important to talk explicitly about racism. We must ask: how is race compounding upon all other identities (such as national origin and immigration status)?
5. Antiracism sees immigrant rights and immigrant integration (or welcome work) as resistance to oppression and offers a way of changing systems that have historically kept immigrants from being able to successfully integrate into their adopted hometowns.
The focus on creating welcoming receiving communities is approachable by many and can lead into deeper conversations of what it truly means to be welcoming — both in terms of individual and collective attitudes and actions AND how institutions are or aren’t effectively serving immigrants and why. Addressing national origin, culture, language, race, and documentation status-based prejudice is important and antiracism invites us to go deeper and address how immigrants experience systems and institutions (i.e.: hospitals and schools). Doing the work of building welcoming communities is in itself an act of resistance to the historic realities of racism’s systemic and structural oppression.
Attitude or bias changing work is important and can be life-altering for both immigrants and U.S-born residents. And yet antiracism would posit that prejudice-reducing work can sometimes be masked as immigrant integration work. A school or local municipality can pass a “welcoming resolution” or proclamation, claiming to be a welcoming place to immigrants, but not actually become accountable to what that means on real and tangible levels. For example, how does a documented or undocumented farmworker from Guatemala or a Sudanese refugee experience a hospital or school or city hall when they walk through the door? In addition to changing receiving community members’ hearts and minds about immigrants (i.e.: help people see immigrants as contributors rather than “drainers”), we need an antiracism analysis grounded in the historical context of race and racism in the U.S. These two forms of resistance together can create a more inclusive, equitable, and welcoming country.
About the writers:
Lillie Wolff is one of two Co-Executive Directors of ERAC/Ce (Eliminating Racism and Claiming/Celebrating Equality) and a Core Organizer/Trainer for Crossroads Antiracism Organizing and Training. Prior to working with ERAC/Ce and Crossroads, Lillie spent seven years organizing around farmworker and immigrant rights and inclusion. Lillie is passionate about the intersections of social justice, ecological justice, and art, and has served on the Board of Directors of the Institute for Sustainable Living, Art, and Natural Design (ISLAND) since 2009. She earned a BA in Human Development and Social Relations from Kalamazoo College in 2004. Lillie enjoys dancing, biking, gardening, spending time in nature, and preparing and eating communal meals with her wonderful anti-oppressive community.
Jo Ann Mundy is one of two co- Executive Directors of ERAC/Ce (Eliminating Racism and Claiming/Celebrating Equality), and a Core Organizer-Trainer for Crossroads Antiracism Organizing and Training, a national partner working collaboratively with ERAC/Ce toward the institutionalization of racial justice in public and private institutions throughout southwest Michigan. Currently Jo Ann serves on the boards of Crossroads and the People’s Food Coop. As a founder mentor of the NIA Project, Jo Ann encourages the celebration of identity, purpose and sisterhood in adolescent women of color. Additionally, Jo Ann is a founding member of the Three Rivers Area Faith Community (TRAFC), an ecumenical faith-based social justice network of churches striving to build a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic, multi-racial, multi-lingual and multi-generational anti-racist faith community in Three Rivers, MI where she completed her doctoral thesis Sacred Actions to Bring Racial Reconciliation. Enjoying over 25 years of pastoral ministry, Jo Ann currently serves as pastor of On Common Ground of Three Rivers Michigan. Jo Ann enjoys reading, music, her guitars and computers and, most of all, the young people in her life.- freely available
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2012, 9(4), 1051-1067; doi:10.3390/ijerph9041051
Published: 26 March 2012
Abstract: The Binational Arsenic Exposure Survey (BAsES) was designed to evaluate probable arsenic exposures in selected areas of southern Arizona and northern Mexico, two regions with known elevated levels of arsenic in groundwater reserves. This paper describes the methodology of BAsES and the relationship between estimated arsenic intake from beverages and arsenic output in urine. Households from eight communities were selected for their varying groundwater arsenic concentrations in Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico. Adults responded to questionnaires and provided dietary information. A first morning urine void and water from all household drinking sources were collected. Associations between urinary arsenic concentration (total, organic, inorganic) and estimated level of arsenic consumed from water and other beverages were evaluated through crude associations and by random effects models. Median estimated total arsenic intake from beverages among participants from Arizona communities ranged from 1.7 to 14.1 µg/day compared to 0.6 to 3.4 µg/day among those from Mexico communities. In contrast, median urinary inorganic arsenic concentrations were greatest among participants from Hermosillo, Mexico (6.2 µg/L) whereas a high of 2.0 µg/L was found among participants from Ajo, Arizona. Estimated arsenic intake from drinking water was associated with urinary total arsenic concentration (p < 0.001), urinary inorganic arsenic concentration (p < 0.001), and urinary sum of species (p < 0.001). Urinary arsenic concentrations increased between 7% and 12% for each one percent increase in arsenic consumed from drinking water. Variability in arsenic intake from beverages and urinary arsenic output yielded counter intuitive results. Estimated intake of arsenic from all beverages was greatest among Arizonans yet participants in Mexico had higher urinary total and inorganic arsenic concentrations. Other contributors to urinary arsenic concentrations should be evaluated.
Arsenic (As) is a widely distributed element found naturally in the Earth’s crust . Arsenic is classified as a known human carcinogen and is among the top 20 hazardous materials compiled by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [2,3]. Consumption of As3 and As5 at levels above 100 µg/L over long periods of time has been associated with lung, bladder, and skin cancer [4,5,6].
The health effects of arsenic consumption are attributed primarily to exposures from higher arsenic concentrations (>100 µg/L) found in local water supplies [4,6,7,8,9,10]. Yet, the contribution of arsenic from foods and beverages may play a larger role than arsenic from regulated drinking water in defining the total arsenic concentration in urine [11,12]. This may be the case particularly where populations are consuming relatively lower concentrations of arsenic from drinking water. Few studies have examined the effects of the consumption of arsenic from drinking water at the maximum contaminant level, 10 µg/L, established by the United States EPA at in 2006 .
In the United States (U.S.), arsenic concentration in groundwater is greatest in the West, although isolated drainage basins in the Midwest and Northeast exceed 10 µg/L is some areas. Public water utilities are mandated to have no more than 10 µg/L of arsenic in water supplied for domestic use. It is a public health concern that owners of private wells are not required to assess and control arsenic or other contaminants from their drinking and cooking water. Limited information is available about water consumption patterns among people in the U.S. and less is known for those in Mexico. National surveys inquire about water consumption, but few distinguish the various sources of water and other beverages consumed in the home.
The Binational Arsenic Exposure Survey (BAsES) was designed to assess arsenic concentrations in drinking water among selected communities in Arizona and Mexico and describe the relationships between estimated As concentrations in water and other beverages and As exposure reflected by urinary biomarkers. This pilot study also sought to build a binational research collaboration across the U.S.–Mexico border. Utilizing terminology as found in the International Society for Exposure Analysis glossary , the current study describes BAsES and examines the relationship between arsenic intake from water, other beverages, and urinary arsenic output.
2.1. Study Design
The Binational Arsenic Exposure Survey was cross-sectional in design and conducted in Arizona and northern Mexico. Communities in these regions were selected based on their arsenic concentrations contained in groundwater and likely represented a high versus low arsenic exposure among Mexicans, and Hispanic and Non-Hispanic participants within the U.S.
Randomly selected households were identified through phone interviews (e.g., random digit dialing) or door-to-door contact. All individuals who had lived in the home for at least one continuous year and were at least 18 years of age were eligible to participate. One person was selected randomly among household participants and identified as the primary respondent.
Interviewers from all sites received the same training regarding questionnaire administration. Interviews were administered in either English or Spanish as determined by the participant. The primary respondent completed a household questionnaire reporting characteristics of the home and individual respondents completed a personal questionnaire. In addition, biological samples, and environmental samples were collected during household visits. A single data entry system was created in Microsoft Access. De-identified data were electronically shared among the sites. The Arizona team served as the data coordinating center. Data were visually verified and outliers were evaluated.
Interviewing and sample collection protocols were reviewed by the Department of Health of Sonora in Mexico, respective university committees, and the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the University of Arizona. All participants signed consent forms approved by the IRB in either Spanish or English.
In Arizona, 225 people from 152 households were recruited from the communities of Ajo, New River, San Manuel, and Tucson from January through October 2006. Data from Arizona were collected by personnel at the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health and the Arizona Cancer Center at The University of Arizona.
The goal was to recruit at least 25 households from each of the four communities. Recruitment primarily occurred through list-assisted random digit dialing. Up to 10 attempts were made to reach an individual at the designated phone number. The 2005–2006 QWEST phonebook was used for each Arizona community to gather phone pre-fixes and random phone numbers were generated.
An additional strategy was used in the rural community of New River. All residential addresses identified on rural delivery mailboxes were recorded and a recruitment letter was mailed to randomly selected addresses from the list. The letter contained a description of the study and a phone number to contact the study coordinator to schedule a date and time for consent and initial interview.
In Mexico, 262 people were recruited from 202 households within two neighborhoods in Hermosillo and from the communities of Tobarito and Guadalupe Victoria in the Yaqui Valley near Ciudad Obregon. Recruitment occurred from January 2006 through February 2007 in Mexico. Data from Hermosillo were collected by personnel at the Universidad de Sonora (UNISON) and data from the Yaqui Valley were collected by personnel at the Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON) in Ciudad Obregon.
The aim was to recruit at least 50 households from each community or neighborhood. All wells supplying these neighborhoods/communities were tested for total arsenic to construct arsenic concentration maps. Each well supplied water to a defined neighborhood similar to a U.S. census tract. Seventy-three wells from the Yaqui Valley and 41 wells from Hermosillo were tested. In each region (Hermosillo and Yaqui Valley), one neighborhood with an elevated As concentration in the water supplied by the neighborhood well was selected and matched to another neighborhood with a lower As concentration in the water supply. Neighborhoods were matched on demographic characteristics (e.g., similar incomes, education level, etc.). The selected neighborhoods were subdivided into zones based on street boundaries or other map features and recruitment was conducted within a randomly selected zone. Every address within
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himself. The detailed account of Moses' induction of Aaron and his sons into the priesthood and the Consecration of the Sanctuary is taken up by the Torah in Leviticus (in parshas TZAV and SHEMINI).
Moses' unique role in putting everything together and erecting one Sanctuary is a second lesson in good government besides that of the need for transparent cleanliness, as discussed above. The very foundation of good government and organization is that it should be in the hands of a true Sage, whose only purpose is to serve G-d, as exemplified by Moses (who single-handedly erected the Sanctuary) and King David (who designed and collected all the materials for the Temple). Our generation is waiting for this true Sage to be revealed.
It is hopefully a sign of the imminence of Melech HaMashiach that today, the temporal government has been taken over by unbelievers, as predicted in the Talmud (Sotah 49b): "In the 'footprint' period before Mashiach. government will turn into atheism". Nevertheless, even in this time of exile, as we dream of the building the physical Temple, we are daily engaged in building a spiritual Sanctuary: G-d's House of Prayer. This is our true national project, and it is accomplished even today when we all contribute our prayers.
In the words of Rabbi Nachman of Breslov:
"Every single prayer that each one prays is a 'limb' of the Shechinah (Divine Presence). All of the 'limbs' and component parts of the Sanctuary are 'limbs' of the Shechinah. And not one Israelite has the power to put all the limbs and parts together, each one in its proper place, except for Moses alone. For this reason, it is necessary to bind all our prayers to the Tzaddik of the generation, as it is written, 'And they brought the Sanctuary to MOSES' (Ex. 39:33). And the Tzaddik knows how to put the parts together to make a complete structure, as it says there, 'And MOSES erected the Sanctuary' (Ex. 40:18). It seems as if every day we are crying out to G-d yet we are not saved, and some of our people, the Children of Israel, err in their hearts thinking that all the prayers are in vain. But in truth the Tzaddikim in every generation take all the prayers and lift them up, putting each component and each limb into its proper place, building the structure of the Shechinah little by little, until finally the entire structure will be complete, and then Mashiach will come and finish everything." (Likutey Moharan Vol. 1, Lesson 2).
Rabbi Nachman's above teaching draws out the Messianic allusions contained in the conclusion of this week's parshah of PEKUDEY, when Moses FINISHED the work. This was on the 1st of Nissan, when "the Cloud covered the Tent of Meeting and the Glory of G-d filled the Sanctuary." (Ex. 40:33-4).
The month of Nissan -- in the spring, time of rebirth -- has always and will always be a time of redemption for us. As we now conclude our study of the second book of the Torah, the "Book of Names" -- SHEMOS, Exodus, the Torah focuses our minds on the redemptive quality of the month of Nissan. This is signified by the fact that it was on 1st Nissan that the Shechinah came to dwell among the Children of Israel with the inauguration of the Sanctuary.
The book of Exodus started in a state of exile: "These are the names of the Children of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob, each with his house." (Ex. 1:1). After their grueling servitude followed by the plagues that afflicted the Egyptians, the light of redemption truly began to shine on the 1st of Nissan: "And G-d spoke to Moses and to Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying: This month is for you the first of the months." (Exodus 12:1-2). After narrating the drama of leaving Egypt, the Splitting of the Sea, the Giving of the Torah and the loss of innocence with the sin of the calf, Exodus concludes with the structure of the World of Repair as exemplified in the form of the Sanctuary.
It was when the Shechinah came to dwell in the completed Sanctuary on 1st Nissan that "He called to Moses and G-d spoke to him from the Tent of Meeting." These are the opening words of the third book of the Torah, Leviticus, which introduce the commandments relating to the sacrifices that were to be offered in the Sanctuary. These portions were revealed to Moses on 1st Nissan.
* * *
In the merit of completing this cycle in the study of SHEMOS and entering the book of VAYIKRA, may we see the true Sage and Leader of the Children of Israel revealed quickly in our times. Amen.
CHAZAK! CHAZAK! VE-NIS-CHAZEK!
"Be strong! Be strong -- and we'll get strong!"
Avraham Yehoshua Greenbaum
© AZAMRA INSTITUTE 5770 - 2009-10 All rights reservedA Brief History of the Piano
by Kailan O’Dell, Piano Coach at Sono School Of Music
If you are like many piano players, you might not have given too much thought to the evolution of the piano itself. The piano is a magical instrument, capable of beautiful colour and expression in a wide variety of styles. However, the piano wasn’t always this way. The instrument it is today is a culmination of a few precursor instruments and much trial and error.
Inside the Piano
Before we get onto how the piano was made, lets firstly talk briefly about how it works. A metal frame holds many strings in place in the body of the piano. When you press a key, a felt hammer is triggered, which strikes the strings and creates the sound. When you lift your finger off the key, a damper is laid back over the strings to cut off the sound.
The piano didn’t always work this way. In fact, one of the instruments that lead into the piano, the harpsichord, had a completely different method of creating sound. At a glance, the harpsichord looks quite similar to the piano. However, inside, they couldn’t be more different. While a piano creates a soft sound by striking the strings with a felt hammer, the harpsichord creates a much harsher sound by plucking the strings with a hard leather plectrum when the keys are played. This leads us to the primary innovation that the piano brings to the table over the harpsichord, the ability to alternate playing between loud and soft. A harpsichord plucks the string which produces a note of the same volume every time. Because of the piano’s unique hammer-action, the hammer can strike the string at a variety of different speeds, leading to louder or softer notes depending on how hard you hit the keys.
Why is it called a ‘Piano’?
If you’ve got some experience with music theory, then you’ll know that the term ‘piano’ means to play softly, and the term ‘forte’ means to play loudly. The piano actually gets its name from these terms. It used to be called the pianoforte, due to its ability to vary in dynamics from loud to soft, which was very innovative among other keyboard-style instruments of it’s day. Over time, it’s name was gradually simplified to the piano.
The Piano Today
Since its creation in the early 18th century, the piano has gone through much evolution and improvement. Expert harpsichord maker, Bartolomeo Cristofori, created the first incarnation of the modern piano. The exact date of creation is unknown, however, some historical documents created by Cristofori’s employers indicate that it could have been created as early as 1698. From then, various people made subtle changes and improvements to the instrument. A man named Gottfried Silbermann developed the basis for the modern sustain pedal, a device to lift the damper off the strings so that the notes are sustained without having to hold the keys. Later in the 1700s, as a result of the industrial revolution, piano makers started using higher quality materials such as high-quality piano wire and iron frames. Later, the pianos range was expanded by about 30 keys, bring the range from what used to be roughly 5 octaves, up to around 7 and a half.
Today, the piano still continues to see improvement and re-imagining. Many electric pianos try to replicate the feel of a traditional piano by adding ‘fake’ hammer actions into the case of the instrument. With the introduction of much larger concert venues and the need for louder instruments, electric pianos are becoming quite popular as they can be plugged into speakers to generate a much louder sound than any acoustic instrument could produce. However, many purists still insist on playing acoustic pianos, and so high-quality microphones are inserted into the body of the piano, or placed around it to accurately capture the performance.
It’s hard to tell what is in store for the piano in the coming decades or centuries. However, it’s unrivalled tonal range, it’s fantastic utility for composition, and it’s sheer beautiful sound, ensure that it will be an instrument that will last throughout the ages.How to Calibrate a Spreader
As a spreader ages, its condition may affect the flow of material. Calibrating a spreader involves measuring the product output of a spreader over a specific area so that it can continue to be reliably used.
You may need a scale for weighing the material to accurately calibrate and measure product output.
To calibrate your spreader for an application of fertilizer to your lawn:
- Determine the amount of fertilizer needed for 100 sq. ft. For example, the fertilizer bag weighs 25 lbs. and covers 5,000 sq. ft.: 25 lbs × (100 sq ft ⁄ 5,000 sq ft) = 0.5 lb
- Place this amount in the spreader.
- Mark off the area. For a rotary spreader, use a 10-foot by 10-foot area (100 sq. ft). For a single pass with drop spreaders, the length required would depend on the width of your spreader: for a 1½-, 2-, and 3-foot spreader use 66 2/3, 50, and 33 1/3 feet respectively.
- Apply using the suggested setting.
If product runs out before completing the area, decrease the setting. Mark off another area the same size and repeat the test until the correct application rate is achieved. If product remains in the spreader, increase the setting. Mark off another area the same size and repeat the test until the correct application rate is achieved.
Alternatively, if you have a scale and a hard flat surface, spread over the marked off area using the hopper filled to the level you will have when the material will actually be applied. Catch or sweep up the material and weigh on a scale. The result will give you the application rate for the setting used. If the application rate is too high or too low, do the test again with the setting adjusted accordingly.The Innovative DOT: A Handbook of Policy and Practice (Focus Area 7: Integrate Transportation and Land Use Decision-Making – Climate Change Resilience and Long-Range Planning Section)
“The Innovative DOT: A Handbook of Policy and Practice,” developed by the State Smart Transportation Initiative and Smart Growth America, contains a resiliency section that provides guidance for state departments of transportation (DOTs) on how to incorporate climate change adaptation into long-range transportation planning. It provides state DOTs with a comprehensive list of reforms that will address potential climate-related vulnerabilities and reduce the likelihood, magnitude, duration and cost of disruption associated with extreme weather. The resiliency section, entitled “Incorporate Climate Change Resilience into Long-Range Planning,” is included into the larger handbook, which provides general guidance to state DOTs on ways to improve their transportation systems.
The resiliency section summarizes the potential effects of climate change on a state’s transportation system, describes how climate change adaptation planning can help a state protect its transportation assets, and outlines steps state DOTs can take to assess vulnerability and identify and implement changes to improve the system’s resilience.
The section reviews the effects of climate change and the impact extreme weather can have on a state’s transportation assets. For example, the increased intensity, variability, duration, and frequency of weather events could lead to shortened infrastructure lifespans, increased risk of catastrophic failures, and increased costs. It provides guidance for state DOTs on ways to implement resilience in transportation systems through operational and infrastructure changes. There are three key adaptation planning steps that state DOTs can take to assess system vulnerability and risks, and identify and implement changes to improve the system’s resilience. These steps include: (1) documenting environmental changes and selecting the most appropriate climate models to predict future conditions; (2) identifying climate change-related stressors and their impacts on the transportation system, and inventorying transportation assets, focusing on characteristics that could help or hinder adaptation; and (3) developing and assessing alternative strategies for adapting infrastructure and operations.
The handbook also highlights FHWA-sponsored pilot projects for incorporating resilience into transportation planning. These pilots were intended to encourage state and regional agencies in the development of climate adaptation plans using FHWA’s Climate Change and Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Framework. Three of the states that conducted pilot projects (Washington, California, and Massachusetts) are featured in the handbook as case studies. Washington completed the vulnerability and risk assessment step by identifying at-risk transportation assets and planning to further develop a set of specific adaptation strategies for the assets. California has begun developing and selecting strategies for transportation infrastructure, and has developed guidance to assist MPOs and regional transportation planning agencies with assessing their vulnerability and incorporating climate adaptation into the development of their regional plans. Massachusetts committed funding to address climate impacts according to recommendations made in the state’s 2011 Climate Change Adaptation Report, which included recommendations for improving transportation facilities’ preparedness for extreme weather events.
The handbook was commissioned by the U.S. DOT’s Federal Highway Administration to assist state DOTs with prioritizing reforms by offering strategies that can be undertaken to improve a state’s transportation system.
This Adaptation Clearinghouse entry was prepared with support from the Federal Highway Administration. This entry was last updated on March 17, 2016.
Publication Date: January 2015
- Planning guides«Guarda che tuo figlio non ti somiglia». È cominciata così, con un commento scritto su Facebook con un po' di cattiveria, la vicenda che ha portato un 30enne pesarese a una triste scoperta: non era lui, effettivamente, il padre biologico del bambino. L'uomo, dopo quell'osservazione, ha deciso di sottoporre il bimbo, di pochi anni, all'esame del Dna, nonostante la madre del piccolo fosse contraria.
L'esito non ha tardato ad arrivare. La donna, dunque, ha ammesso di aver avuto un rapporto occasionale con un altro uomo, al momento del concepimento. Ne è scaturita una causa di disconoscimento della paternità, davanti al tribunale di Pesaro. Tra l'altro, è emerso che a scrivere quel commento che ha fatto sorgere tutto, è stato proprio il padre biologico del bambino.
Adesso il padre naturale dovrà seguire l'iter per il riconoscimento di paternità e, una volta ottenuto, potrà chiedere al tribunale di mettere al bimbo il suo cognome. Un passaggio, quest'ultimo, che potrà avvenire solo con la convalida della madre.KADIN GENİTAL ORGANLARI
Överler
Över karsinomalannın çoğu epitelial kaynaklıdır. Bunlar genellikle salpingo-oferektomi, histerektomi, omentektomi gibi cerrahi yöntemlerle veya bunların birlikte uygulanmalarıyla tedavi edilirler. Pelvisde hastalığın bir kısmı bırakıldığı zaman postoperatif radyoterapi yapılması lokal kontrol oranını artırır. Bununla beraber ovarian karsinomalar genellikle periton boşluğunu, periaortik ve subdiyafragmatik lenf nodüllerine yayılırlar. Yakın zamanda yapılan çalışmalar, I. ve II. aşamada bulunan hastalarda dahi, daha önceleri önemsenmeyecek derecedeki lenf nodülü ve subdiyafragmatik metastazların çok yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Cerrahi sonrası minimal veya hiçbir hastalık kalmayan IB, II veya III. aşamadaki hastalarda, böbrek, karaciğer ve medulla spinalisin uygun şekilde korunması ve potansiyel yayılma alanı olan tüm karının irradyasyonu ile 5-yıllık yaşam süresi %61’dir.
Överlerin disgerminoması (testikuler seminomanın karşılığıdır) son derece radyosensitiftir. Nadir bazı durumlar dışında pelvis ve karın lenf nodüllerinin postoperatif irradyasyonu rutin olarak yapılmalıdır. Pelvik irradyasyon, 3-4 hafta içinde 3000-3500 rad. ile ve pelvisin tamamını içine alacak şekilde olmalıdır. Eğer karın lenf nodülleri de hastalığa tutulmuşsa tedavi alanına mediastinum ve supraklavikular lenf nodülleri |de | dahil edilmelidir. Peritoneal yayılımlar olduğu zaman, 2000 rad. dozundan sonra böbrekleri koruyarak 5-6 hafta içinde tüm pelvis ve böbreklere 2500-3000 radyasyon dozu verilmelidir.
Uzak metastazlar olduğu zaman da kontrol sağlanabilir. Endometriumun I.aşamadaki iyi diferansiye adenokarsinomalarının çoğu yalnız cerrahi ile tedavi edilebilir. Daha yüksek derecede veya daha az diferansiye tümörlerde, pelvis ve vaginal rekürrens oranı preoperatif olarak intrakaviter radyum konulmasıyla azaltılır. Tümör kötü diferansiye olduğu veya servikal tutulma, derin myometrial invazyon uterusun 8 cm’den daha fazla büyüdüğü, pelvik lenf nodülü metastazı veya hastalığın uterus dışına taşdığı bilenen durumlarda tüm pelvise eksternal radyoterapi yapılmalıdır. Radyoterapi miks mezodermal sarkoma ve karsinosarkomada lokal kontrola yardım eder ve leiomyosarkomalar için de postoperatif dönemde kullanılması gerekir.By Lou Del Bello
Nearly one billion people will have access to electricity in Sub-Saharan Africa by 2040, but projected population growth means that 300 million people will remain in the dark, a new report finds.
The Africa Energy Outlook, released late this year by the International Energy Agency, highlights challenges facing Sub-Saharan Africa as it strives for economic and social development.
The report is the most comprehensive collection of data on the energy sector in the region to date, and illustrates different potential scenarios for the future.
It finds that despite the abundance of local resources such as natural gas, oil, wind, hydropower and geothermal energy, the supply infrastructure is still hugely underdeveloped and unable to meet local demand
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ISPs): Moov, Orange, Socatel, and Telecel.
Internet censorship and surveillance
Although the constitution and law provide for freedom of speech and press, authorities occasionally arrest journalists critical of the government and in some cases the government impedes individuals’ right to free speech. Imprisonment for defamation and censorship were abolished in 2005; however, journalists found guilty of libel or slander face fines of 100,000 to eight million CFA francs ($200 to US$16,000). The law provides for imprisonment and fines of as much as one million CFA francs (US$2,000) for journalists who use the media to incite disobedience among security forces or incite persons to violence, hatred, or discrimination. Similar fines and imprisonment of six months to two years may be imposed for the publication or broadcast of false or fabricated information that "would disturb the peace."
L'Office National de la Poste et de l'Épargne (ONPE) is the government organization responsible for the postal service.
- Media of the Central African Republic
- Economy of the Central African Republic
- Central African Republic
- This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document "2014 edition".
- This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Department of State.
- "Central African Republic profile: Media", BBC News, 20 September 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
- "Communications: Central African Republic", World Factbook, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 13 January 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
- "La Radio et la télévision centrafricaine enfin sur satellite!" (in French), La diplomatie de Centrafrique à Paris, CAR Embassy in Paris. English translation. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
- Dialing Procedures (International Prefix, National (Trunk) Prefix and National (Significant) Number) (in Accordance with ITY-T Recommendation E.164 (11/2010)), Annex to ITU Operational Bulletin No. 994-15.XII.2011, International Telecommunication Union (ITU, Geneva), 15 December 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- Calculated using penetration rate and population data from "Countries and Areas Ranked by Population: 2012" Archived 2017-03-29 at the Wayback Machine, Population data, International Programs, U.S. Census Bureau, retrieved 26 June 2013
- "Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2000–2012", International Telecommunications Union (Geneva), June 2013, retrieved 22 June 2013
- Select Formats Archived 2009-05-13 at the Wayback Machine, Country IP Blocks. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Site is said to be updated daily.
- Population, The World Factbook, United States Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Data are mostly for 1 July 2012.
- "Central African Republic", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 28 March 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
- "Presentation Station". 2018. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- Central African Republic profile, BBC News.LIFE DEPENDS ON WATER. A few days ago, at the end of March 2021, we drove to a village in Oxfordshire to see two old wells. They are no ordinary wells: they were gifts from India while it was still part of the British Empire.
Edward Anderton Reade (1807-1886) was a British civil servant in India between 1826 and 1860. Brother of the novelist Charles Read (author of “The Cloister and the Hearth”), Edward was born in Ipsden, a village in Oxfordshire (www.oxforddnb.com/). He entered the East India Company in 1823. In 1832, he was transferred to Kanpur (Cawnpore), where he introduced opium cultivation to the district. In 1846, he became Commissioner to the Benares Division, a position he held until 1853 when he was moved to Agra.
Edward encouraged genial relations with the local Indian gentry and aristocracy. One of his Indian acquaintances, who became his good friend, was Ishri Prasad Narayan Singh (1822-1889), the Maharajah of Benares, who reigned from 1835 to 1889. During the years before the Indian Rebellion of 1857 (aka ‘First War of Independence’ or ‘The Indian Mutiny’), Reade and the Maharajah discussed much about England including the shortage of water that existed in Ipsden, the part of Oxfordshire where his family lived. Apparently, the villagers in this part of the Chiltern Hills had little or no access to clean drinking water, much as must have been the case for many villagers in India.
During the Rebellion of 1857, the Maharajah remained loyal to the British. In June 1857, the town of Kanpur was besieged by Nana Sahib and his forces. After 3 weeks, the British garrison surrendered under condition that the British inhabitants would be given safe passage out of the town. However, Nana Sahib decided to hold about 120 women and children and kept them housed in a house known as the ‘Bibighar’. This ended badly when some of the hostages were killed. Some of them tried to escape their grizzly end by jumping into a well at the Bibighar. This well became one of the most powerful images of the Rebellion in the minds of those who lived in Britain.
I do not know whether or not it was the tragedy at Bibighar that brought the conversations he had with Reade to the forefront of the mind of the Maharajah of Benares after the Rebellion was over, but in 1862, after his loyalty to the British had been formally recognised, he consulted Reade as to making a charitable gift to the poor people of Ipsden, whose plight he recalled. The Maharajah financed the construction of a well at Stoke Row, not far from Ipsden. It is also possible that the Maharajah remembered the help that Reade had given him when constructing a well in Azamgarh (now in Uttar Pradesh) back in 1831.
Work commenced on the well in March 1863. The well shaft was dug by hand, a perilous job for the labourers as they removed earth from the depths of an unlit and unventilated shaft, bucket by bucket. The shaft, 4 feet in diameter, was 368 feet in depth, greater than the height of St Pauls Cathedral in London, for this is depth of the water table at Stoke Row. Special winding machinery constructed by Wilder, an engineering firm in Wallingford, was installed. It is topped with a model elephant. The mechanism and the well stand beneath an octagonal canopy topped with a magnificent metal dome with circular glazed windows to allow better illumination. It resembles a ‘chhatri’ or architectural umbrella such as can be seen at war memorials on London’s Constitution Hill and on the South Downs near Hove. The structure, restored in recent times, looks almost new today. Reade, who helped plan the Maharajah’s well, planted a cherry orchard nearby; dug a fish-shaped pond (the fish was part of the Maharajah’s coat-of-arms); and constructed an octagonal well-keeper’s bungalow next to the well. The profits from the cherries harvested from the orchard were supposed to help to finance the well, for whose water the villagers were not charged anything. The Maharajah’s well at Stoke Row was the first of many such gifts given by wealthy Indians to Britain. Other examples include the Readymoney drinking fountain in Regents Park and a now demolished drinking fountain in Hyde Park, close to Marble Arch. According to the Dictionary of National Biography:
“Reade was wryly amused that an Indian prince should thus give a lesson in charity to the English gentry.”
The well at Stoke Row provided the locals with fresh water until the beginning of WW2, when, eventually, piped water reached the area. It provided 600 to 700 gallons of water every day. The Maharajah’s Well at Stoke Row is relatively well-known compared to another Indian-financed well next to the parish church at Ipsden, where Reade’s grave is located. The well, whose winding mechanism is similar to that installed at Stoke Row, is not covered by a canopy. It stands by a cottage next to the entrance to the churchyard. It was presented to Ipsden in 1865 by ‘Rajah Sir Deon Narayun Singh of Seidpor Bittree’ (I am not sure where this is: these are the words on the well), who had, like the Maharajah of Benares, remained loyal to the British during the 1857 Rebellion.
The Ipsden well is deep but not nearly as deep as that at Stoke Row. A lady, who lives in the cottage beside the well, told us that she had tasted water from the well and it was ice cold, deliciously clean, and tasted pure, having been filtered by many feet of chalk through which it has seeped. She said that once a year, the local water board opens the well and takes a sample of its water to check its purity.
Both wells are worth visiting. We parked in Benares Road in Stoke Row close to the Maharajah’s gift. After viewing the well head and its surroundings, we bought hot drinks at the village’s shop-cum-café, which his run by a couple of friendly people from Zimbabwe. I am grateful to Dr Peter U for bringing the existence of this unusual well to my attention.“You Russians are so honest!” my colleagues exclaimed me after my critical presentation in a business meeting. I wasn't sure if I should have taken those words as a compliment, but I thought that there was nothing wrong about being honest. I didn't worry too much about that notice, however, I started thinking about why my conversational style is so different. After some analysis I came to the conclusion that there is no small talk in the Russian culture. We may say “easy talk” (непринуждённая беседа), or “pleasant talk” (приятная беседа), but never small. Russians rarely discuss trivial topics just to fill up voids in conversation. If a pause does occur, Russians would rather move to a hot topic that is relevant to everyone. If a Russian says “What a nice day!” he really means this, he really wants to attract your attention to the enjoyable weather and great view. (Jokingly, but still quite true, one Russian woman wrote in her book, 'if you ask a Russian “How are you?” be ready to listen to the speech about how he or she actually is, because your Russian interlocutor thinks that you've specifically requested this information').
Why do people talk? Among others are the following reasons: the need of expressing one's needs or desires, exchange of information (to let other people know something really important), revealing the truth by disputing, persuading somebody to do/not to do something, self-promotion (making other people think that you are a nice, smart, trustworthy and reliable person). Small talk only serves the last purpose and doesn't fit all the rest. Russians consider small talk just a waste of time and revealing that you have nothing to say.
Penguins' Small Talk by Michael Berenz
Here are a few words that describe a conversation as a good or bad one. A good conversation is “разговор по душам” (literally, soul to soul or heart to heart talk), “откровенный разговор” (honest, upright), “глубокий” (deep talk, when the deeper views of the discussed problems are expressed). A bad conversation is “пустой” (literally, empty, resulting in nothing noteworthy), “поверхностный” (superficial, when problems are just touched upon, but not discussed properly), “мутный” (a slang word meaning shady). A conversation in Russian culture is more than just a casual talk, this is a mutual involvement into the process of information and emotional exchange. Any communication has to be meaningful, but it doesn't have to mean “full of words”. You can keep silence and still enjoy the conversation. A wise man said, “A friend is a person with whom you can keep silence and feel comfortable with”.
I'd like to end my post with a quotation that supports my statements on the Russian culture of communication. This is from the famous poem “Eugene Onegin,” by Alexander Pushkin:
Onegin was assessed by many
(critical judges, strict as any)
as well-read, though of pedant cast.
Unforced, as conversation passed,
he had the talent of saluting
felicitously every theme,
of listening like a judge-supreme
while serious topics were disputing,
or, with an epigram-surprise,
of kindling smiles in ladies' eyes.
(Translated by Charles Johnston)
The writer described a superficial person, who honors every subject and avoids serious topics. Isn't that what small talk is all about?“Together on the Roads of Europe”. This is the theme of the European Conference of Youth Ministry, organized by the Pontifical Council for the Laity and the Council of Catholic Bishops’ Conferences of Europe (CCEE) in Rome last December. European young people, along with bishops, pastoral leaders, and representatives of Church associations and movements from all over Europe, made reflections on the meaning of the Old Continent today. A house, “our house”, the space and time that everyone is called to live responsibly.
The papers started from the observation that faith today is not called into question by other religions, but by large indifferent masses of people. This point is crucial for the development of Christian identity in Europe today. Some countries already show full awareness of this phenomenon, while in others a (perhaps nominal) majority of Christian believers is still perceived. Reflections then developed about a second crucial issue: a conversion process, an “open and intelligent heart” is necessary. In this respect, our impression is that young generations which were born under the blue flag are a step ahead of their predecessors. Religion is certainly a socially relevant but personal issue, nevertheless it does not prevent sharing or even association, in the civil or political arena. The themes that define the identity of young people – so extreme in the teens and then normalized in more mature youth – are no longer based on religious conflicts.
The Berlin Wall collapsed before these generations appeared on the public debate. For this reason, the proclamation of the Gospel in everyday life, or in organized activities, is easier for young people of these times. Very likely, if there is someone who is to accept the idea of a change – also in anthropological terms – in evangelization, which leaves aside the leadership of the clergy or a strong institutional presence of movements, associations, and institutions, these are the “old folks,” the adults, whose missionary identity had been formed around these categories. Such meetings are very useful for them, to make them progressively aware of this paradigm shift. For young people the message is different but not less important: Europe is the house in which we must live, we cannot flinch. In short, an initiative that promotes evangelization in Europe, which is useful for adults to innovate the method, and for young people to consolidate the heart of the matter.
“Insieme sulle strade dell’Europa”; questo il tema del Convegno europeo di pastorale giovanile, organizzato dal Pontificio consiglio per i laici e dal Consiglio delle Conferenze episcopali d’Europa (Ccee) a Roma lo scorso mese di dicembre. Ragazzi e ragazze europei, insieme a vescovi, responsabili pastorali e rappresentanti di associazioni e movimenti ecclesiali da tutta Europa, hanno voluto riflettere sul significato del vecchio Continente, oggi. Una casa, la “nostra casa”, lo spazio e il tempo che responsabilmente tutti sono chiamati ad abitare.
Le relazioni partono dalla considerazione che la fede oggi non è messa in discussione da altre religioni, ma da grandi masse indifferenti. Questo punto è cruciale per lo sviluppo dell’identità cristiana contemporanea in Europa. Alcuni Paesi hanno già la completa consapevolezza del fenomeno, in altri ancora si percepisce una (forse nominale) maggioranza di credenti cristiani. La riflessione si sviluppa su un secondo livello nodale: è necessario un processo di conversione, un “cuore aperto e intelligente”. Sotto questo aspetto, c’è l’impressione che i giovani delle generazioni nate sotto la bandiera blu siano un passo avanti rispetto ai loro predecessori. La religione è certamente un fatto personale, seppur con rilevanza sociale, ma non pregiudica lo scambio o persino l’associazione, nello spazio civile o politico. I temi che definiscono le identità dei giovani – così estreme negli anni dell’adolescenza e poi normalizzate nella gioventù più matura – non hanno più un carattere di contrapposizione a sfondo religioso.
Il muro di Berlino è crollato prima che queste generazioni si affacciassero sul dibattito pubblico. Per questo, l’annuncio del Vangelo nel quotidiano, o nell’attività organizzata, è più semplice per un giovane di questa epoca. Sembra piuttosto che a dover accettare l’idea di un cambiamento anche antropologico nell’evangelizzazione, che prescinda dal protagonismo del clero o da una forte presenza istituzionale di movimenti, associazioni ed enti, siano i “vecchi”, gli adulti, che avevano formato la propria identità missionaria intorno a quelle categorie. Questo genere di convegni è molto utile per loro; per prendere progressivamente consapevolezza di questo cambio di paradigma. Per i giovani il messaggio è diverso e ugualmente importante: l’Europa è la casa che dobbiamo abitare, non possiamo tirarci indietro. Insomma un’iniziativa che promuove l’evangelizzazione in Europa, utile agli adulti per innovare il metodo, e ai giovani per consolidare il merito.高压发电机组和低压发电机组的区别 ? 一、高压发电机组和低压发电机组的差异 ? 1．体积和重量的差异 ? 高压发电机组使用高压发电机，电压等级的提高使得其 绝缘要求更高，相应地，发电机部分的体积和重量比低 压机组大。故10kV发电机组整体机身的体积和重量比 低压机组略大。外观上除发 ? 电机部分略有差别外，并无 ? 大的不同。 ? 2．接地方式的差异 ? 两种发电机组的中性点接地 高压发电机组和低压发电机组的区别 ? 方式不同。380V机组绕组为星形接线，一般低压系统 为
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olduğunu ve daha fazla bekleyerek durumun daha iyi analiz edilebileceğini düşünüyor.
İsveç'te üst düzey yetkililer, uzmanlar ve vatandaşlar, Rusya'nın Ukrayna'yı işgalinin ardından İsveç'in NATO'ya katılma konusunda "acele karar" verdiğini düşünüyor.
Finlandiya ve İsveç 18 Mayıs'ta NATO'ya resmi üyelik başvurularını yaptı.
İsveç'te birçok eski hükümet yetkilisi, ülkenin daha fazla bekleyerek durumu daha iyi analiz edebileceği görüşüne sahip.
"SÖYLEM DOĞRU DEĞİL"
İsveç'in kararından endişe duyanlar arasında yer alan Stockholm Üniversitesi Uluslararası Çalışmalar Enstitüsü Direktörü Thomas Jonter, "İnsanların bu hızlı gelişen süreçten endişe duymasının bir sebebi olduğunu düşünüyorum çünkü hükümet, hızlı hareket edilmesi ve Finlandiya'nın izinden gidilmesi gerektiğini açıkça belirtti. Ancak çoğu kişi bu söylemin doğru olmadığına inanıyor" dedi.
FİNLANDİYA ACELEYE GETİRDİ
İsveçli gazeteci Henrik Silver da kararın alınma biçimi konusunda endişeli olduğunu belirterek, "Aceleye getirilmiş bir karardı. Halka açık bir tartışma olmadı ama zamanlaması hükümet için çok iyi oldu. Eylül ayında yapılacak seçimlerden önce bu sorundan kurtulmak istediler" diye konuştu.
Demokrasinin yavaş işleyen bir süreç olduğunu dile getiren Silver,
"Herkes sürece dahil olmalı, düzgün şekilde tartışılmalı ancak bu son iki ayda her şey çok hızlı gelişti ve uygun bir kamuoyu tartışması yapamadık. NATO üyeliğine karşı çıkan büyük bir kamuoyu var mı? Hayır. Ama çoğumuz biraz isteksiz"
değerlendirmesini yaptı. Silver, bir yıl gibi bir bekleme sürecinde kamuoyunun farklı şekillenebileceğini de söyledi.
İsveç'te nükleer silahlara şiddetle karşı olduklarını vurgulayan Silver,
"NATO'ya şüpheyle bakıyoruz. Demek istediğim, NATO'nun da sıkıntılı bir geçmişi var"
dedi ve ekledi:
"ABD'nin çıkarlarına hizmet eden bir komutana sahip olmaktan gerçekten mutlu değiliz. Bu çıkarlar, İsveç'in çıkarlarıyla uyumlu mu? Her zaman değil."استاندار چهار محال و بختیاری گفت: این استان ۱۴۰۰ مدرسه دارد که ۷۰۰ مدرسه آن نیازمند تخریب و بازسازی است.
به گزارش تارنگار حقوق بشر در ایران به نقل از پانا، قاسم سلیمانی با بیان اینکه ۷۸ درصد بودجه آموزش و پرورش صرف هزینههای جاری و تنها ۳ درصد آن به امر ساختوساز و مسائل عمرانی تعلق میگیرد، گفت: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری ۱۴۰۰ مدرسه دارد که ۷۰۰ مدرسه نیازمند تخریب و بازسازی است.
لازم به یاداوری است که پیش از این، وزیر آموزش و پرورش با بیان اینکه ۵۲۰ هزار کلاس درس در کشور داریم، اعلام کرد: حدود ۱۲ سال پیش تنها یکسوم مدارس کشور استاندارد بود که در این مدت توسط دولت و خیرین، دوسوم مدارس کشور استاندارد شده است.行业新闻
四轮电动观光车的电池保养方法应该注意以下几点
时间：2020-09-04 访问量：55 1.四轮电动观光车在使用过程中不要过放电，放电后的蓄电池要及时充电。
2.四轮电动观光车长期不用，应将车辆紧急断电开关关闭，蓄电池搁置停用时，应充足电并经常检查蓄电池状态，电压低时，及时进行补充电。
3.禁止用蓄电池短路打火的方法来实验蓄电池是否有电。
4.经常（首次使用后7日内第一次，以后至少每月一次）检查连接部位是否牢固，端子表面是否清洁，保证接触良好。
5.蓄电池排气孔不能堵塞，冬天还要防止被冰水封住，否则将使蓄电池内压升高，发生壳体爆裂事故。
6.严禁将金属工具及导电物放在蓄电池接线端子附近，以免金属物与蓄电池两极相碰，造成短路打火，烧损电池及端子。
7.蓄电池最佳使用温度为25摄氏度，冬天蓄电量会有一定降低属于正常现象。
热门咨询
最新咨询显然《羞辱》的游戏测试员玩游戏太循规蹈矩了，可能需要开发商Arkane Studios加一些提示来帮助他们完成任务。比如说“玩家应该自己探索。 守卫告诉他们不能上楼他们就真的不上去了。”
游戏中你扮演的是个刺客。干这行不需要到处请求许可。再怎么说，你也是个不法份子，你跟当局是势不两立的。
Arkane Studios的Roby称开发团队必须要保证允许玩家有多重完成任务的方法，同时又不给太多提示。但在某些情况下，不是每个人都能理解。在房间里逛完以后每个人都说应该上楼，不要管守卫跟你说的话。
“我们发现如果我们不给一些提示的话，玩家就不知道如何做了”Roby补充道“于是我们试图加入一点提示的元素，帮助一下玩家。”
《羞辱》北美发售日期定于2012年10月9号，欧版则是10月12号，登陆Xbox360，PS3和PC。SHARING OUR LAKES
A COURTESTY CODE FOR ALL FRIENDS OF BAYFIELD COUNTY LAKES
IT’S UP TO YOU TO KEEP IT BLUE!
Give a hoot! Litter destroys nature’s beauty. If you can carry it in, you can carry it out.
No Dumping! Never dump fish remains or leftover bait in any lake or stream.
Stop the Invasion! Clean your boat, motor, trailer, anchor, and live well. Stop the spread of non-native species by checking and cleaning your gear between excursions.
Hold your Fire…and your Fireworks! Never shoot fireworks or guns over the lake. Never burn on the ice or near the lake.
Pitch in! Join a lake organization. It’s your chance to be an advocate for your lake!
Practice CPR on fish: Catch, Photograph and Release. The fish you release today may be your trophy tomorrow!
SILENCE IS GOLDEN & NIGHT SKIES ARE FOR STARS!!
Turn UP the quiet! Reduce your noise contribution whenever possible…especially between 7 p.m. and 9 a.m. Remember: Sound carries very easily over water.
Turn DOWN the lights! Shield all lights that can be seen from the lake & turn them off when not in use.
GIVE THE LAKE A BRAKE!
Throttle back. Slow down for safety and to protect shorelines, shorebirds, native plants, and bottom sediments.
Watch the clock. Whenever possible, active water sports, such as water skiing and jet skiing should be practiced during mid-day hours. Know your local lake regulations. Obey Slow-No-Wake Laws.
Row where you go. Canoes, kayaks, rowboats and sailboats are lake-friendly. Grab your paddle: It’s good for you and it’s good for the lake!
GIVE ‘EM SOME SPACE!
Stay back! Stay far away from swimmers, divers, anglers, other watercraft, rafts and docks.
Keep your distance! Loons and other animals may abandon young if stressed. Maintain ample space between you and wildlife. Harassing loons & other wildlife is a punishable offense!
Obey the law! Laws are written to benefit all. Follow them for safety, security and to protect our lakes. (See pages 1 to 3 for the new laws.)
Play safe! Make sure your equipment is safe and legal. Youngsters should wear approved lifejackets whenever on, in or near the lake!
Don’t Drink & Drive: Most lake-related boating accidents involve alcohol.
Enjoy but don’t destroy: Take nothing but pictures; leave nothing but small tracks & gentle ripples.
Save waterfowl & eagles! Use non-toxic jigs & sinkers, available at most tackle shops.HISTORY OF THE TEXT:
EARLY BOOKS AND MANUSCRIPTS UP TO THE AGE OF THE PRINTING PRESS
Dominican University LIS 711
Spring Semester 2018
Instructor: Foy Scalf
History of the Text: Early Books and Manuscripts Up to the Age of the Printing Press offers a unique perspective within the larger paradigm of approaches to the written word known as the “History of the Book.” While many such courses look only briefly at pre-printed textual material, this course will provide an overview on the use of texts from antiquity up to the age of the printing press. Site visits to local repositories will provide hands-on experience with papyri, clay tablets, parchment, vellum, and rare books. Readings and discussions will explore what is meant by the term “text” in order to deeply investigate the methodologies of book history and textual criticism.
This is a hybrid course. We will meet on Wednesday every other week from 6:00-9:00 PM in class or on a site visit. Our onsite classroom dates are as follows: January 17, February 31, February 14, February 28, March 14, March 28, April 11, April 25. It is very important that you attend the onsite classes and site visits as attendance and participation will be part of your grade. Furthermore, the site visits will offer a very unique opportunity for you to view up close rarely seen materials. On alternative weeks, you will have online assignments to complete and turn into the instructor. Grading criteria for all assignments in the course is provided below. There may be intermittent options for earning extra credit.
The course will be organized around three primary themes: methodology, pre-print manuscript culture, and the invention of printing. During the first four weeks, we will look at how texts are studied, thereby setting a foundation for looking at actual examples in the second part of the course. The central component of the course will be spending eight weeks deeply studying the pre-print manuscript culture from across the globe in a roughly chronological order. We will devote significant time to the transmission of texts in the ancient Mediterranean world, an area of particular interest to me that is rarely covered with such depth in a “book history” class. During this time, we will have several site visits to area institutions to see firsthand treasures from their collections, including cuneiform tablets preserving the epic of Gilgamesh, papyrus copies of the Egyptian Book of the Dead, fragments of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Coptic prayer books, Syriac hagiographies, ancient Greek biblical manuscripts, medieval monastic literature, and much more. In the final weeks of the course, we will turn to the early revolution of print technology.
There are no required textbooks for the class. All readings will be provided in electronic PDF format via the course Canvas site. However, many of the most pertinent readings have been gathered together in the following anthologies, which may prove useful and interesting to your future careers. As a course about “books,” we will be reading a lot and you will find a plethora of material in the course bibliography, online resources, and announcements.
- David Finkelstein and Alistair McCleery. An Introduction to Book History. New York: Routledge, 2005.
- David Finkelstein and Alistair McCleery (eds.). The Book History Reader. 2nd New York: Routledge, 2006. (Z4 .B647 2006 On Reserve)
- Simon Elliot and Jonathan Rose (eds.). A Companion to the History of the Book. West Sussex: Blackwell, 2007. (Z4 .C73 2007 On Reserve)
- 2011 Edition available through Rebecca Crown Library as an eBook.
- Michael F. Suarez and H. R. Woudhuysen (eds.). The Book: A Global History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. (Z4 .B644 2013 On Reserve)
The use of the written word is one of the most important developments in global history and it is significant to remember that writing was invented first in the Middle East and Africa, and later, but also independently, in China and Mesoamerica. Understanding this medium will require an immersion not only in printed culture, but in global history. In this course, we will focus on the developments in the larger Mediterranean world from the earliest “historic” periods (ca. 3200 BCE) to roughly the establishment of the Ottoman Empire (ca. 1300) during which we will shift our attention to Europe during the medieval period up to the early 16th century.
We will work with both primary and secondary sources to develop an understanding of what “texts” are and the roles that long-form written material played in various cultures and societies. In order to gain such an understanding, students will study closely the physical media, production, and transmission of manuscripts and books. By the end of the course, students in this class will:
- Develop a nuanced understanding of the creation, production, and transmission of manuscripts and books
- Gain a broad knowledge of the methodology used by scholars, academics, and professionals studying book history
- Acquire hands-on experience examining primary source material in Chicago area repositories
- Refine analytical skills for reading critically and assessing the value of scholarly argument
- Participate cordially in group discussion and public presentation, practicing polite disagreement through evaluating readings
If the course is successful, students will also develop a deep appreciation for texts as physical objects, historical documents, as well as intellectual and cultural resources.Sakranti means to go from one place to another place (to change direction). It also means one meets another. The time when the sun changes direction from one constellation (of the zodiac) to another is known as Sankranti.
Transition of the Sun from Sagittarius to Capricorn during the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere (Uttarayana) is known as Makar sakranti.
Solar Year – Importance of the Sun
There are 12 signs of the zodiac. There are 12 Sakrantis as well. They are given names according to the position of the sun in relation to the signs of the zodiac. Each of the 12 Sakrantis has its relevant importance but two of these are most prominent.
These two are Mesh Sakranti and Makar Sakranti (Aries and Capricorn).The solar year commences when the sun is in Aries (the first sign of the zodiac). From the point of view of mathematical calculations, the solar year is more scientific than the lunar year. One lunar year has 354 days only and lunar days (or nights) increase or decrease according to the phases of the moon. Compare this to the solar year which has 365 ¼ days and remains the same. Many astrological books are based upon solar calculations. The sun is the most important and the most prominent of our stars and the undisputed lord of our planetary system. The sun always comes first. First day of the week commences with Sunday (Ravi).
Science attaches great importance to the sun. The sun is the inexhaustible storehouse and the source of light and energy. Without sunlight creatures and vegetation would cease to exist. People will lose their life sustaining vitality. Lack of nourishing substances would lead to the end of creation. This is why the sun’s existence, movements and positions in the cosmos are so important and that is why the sun earns our respect, admiration and reverence.
The solar year commences when the sun is in Aries (the first sign of the zodiac). During this auspicious period, great deal of merits are acquired by performing Havan (Yajna or Sacred Fire ceremony), Japa (repetition of Mantra or God’s name), Shraddha, Charity etc. Householders top up their grain jars and families start wedding preparations for their sons and daughters of marriageable age.
The second Sakranti of great importance is Makar. Transition of the Sun from Sagittarius to Capricorn during the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere (Uttarayana) is known as Makar sakranti. The sun and journeys northward. The days are gradually lengthening in the northern hemisphere.
Makar Sakranti is also known as KHICHADI (Indian dish made from rice and lentils) Sakranti because on this day the injunction to eat Khichadi , is generally observed by people. Seasonal crops become available. Ghee, and spices are used for making tasty nourishing Khichadi. Winter loosens its grip on shiver producing cold, admitting springtime that brings with it the chance for all round health improvement.
In addition to Khichadi, great importance is attached to the use of TIL (Sesame seeds) during Makar Sakranti. Therefore, this Sakranti is also called TIL Sankranti. People make Laddoos (round balls) from Til. Til oil is used for massaging.
Six types of usage of Til are described. Til is used for Bathing, for Massaging, for Havan (sacred fire ceremony), Tarpan with Til (oblations of water with Til), Til used as food, and Til is donated in charity.
It is said that Til emanates from Vishnu’s body and that the above described usage wash away all kinds of sins. Sakranti period is held to be very auspicious and any good deeds during this time will produce merits. Gifts of clothing, blankets etc., on this day are productive of merits in both this life and in the next life.
Kite Flying Day
Makar Sakranti is also celebrated with great enthusiasm as the Kite flying day.
Gangasagar and Surya Puja
At Sakranti time great importance is attached to Ganga snaan (bathing with waters of the river Ganges) and Surya Puja (worshipping the sun). Bathing, worshipping gods, Havan, Japa, Fasting and Charity; each of these are extremely holy deeds.
From Makar Sakranti onwards when the sun is travelling northwards, innumerable auspicious things start happening. Climate and atmosphere improve. Children born during this period are naturally progressive, well mannered, pleasant and of noble disposition.
The Bhagavad Gita mentions the importance of the northern path of the sun at the time of death. This was the reason why Grandsire Bhishma, who was wounded in battle and in semi conscious state, while lying on the bed of arrows, chose to wait it out, awaiting the northward path of the sun, before choosing to die.
All such special reasons make the northward journey of the sun sacred and auspicious at Makar Sakranti.A Masterwork on Empathy – To Kill a Mockingbird
Posting this in honor of Harper Lee’s birthday today (April 28, 1926–February 19, 2016).
“You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view…Until you climb inside of his skin and walk around in it.”
Gregory Peck speaks these lines as Atticus Finch to Mary Badham as his daughter Scout in the 1962 film To Kill a Mockingbird. They take
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75年，兰蔻第一款睫毛膏推出，至今仍处于世界行业领先地位和最畅销的单品。兰蔻的护肤品也是兰蔻最引以为傲的项目，微脂囊最早运用在1985年推出的新生日间修护霜当中，毫微胶囊分子运用在1996年推出的再生青春修护液及再生青春眼霜中，这些高科技的保养品输送系统都是兰蔻率先应用在护肤品中，应证了兰蔻的高科技形象，强化了兰蔻在业界的领导地位。
2005年6月28日，兰蔻设备完善的现代化实验室诞生了，秉承权威性，有效性，安全性和愉悦性四大终极理念，超过1400名的研究人员每年研发出先进技术和产品，与散布全球的实验室和科学家合作，针对各类人群的不同需求提供高效安全的产品。兰蔻已在全球拥有三大实验室，以奉献用户最有针对性和完美效果产品为目标，历久弥新的经典兰蔻不断焕发出新的活力。Le animazioni di entrata ti consentono di animare i widget e i widget delle pagine al primo caricamento del sito. Il movimento e l'interattività rendono il sito più memorabile e possono mettere in evidenza le sezioni sulle quali desideri che i visitatori si concentrino, come un numero di telefono o un pulsante di contatto.
Inoltre, puoi decidere i punti dello schermo in cui l'animazione inizia e finisce utilizzando le impostazioni Scorri.
Mentre aggiungi animazioni, ricorda quanto segue:
- Troppe animazioni possono disorientare o distrarre gli utenti, usale con moderazione.
- Quando rimuovi un'animazione, ricorda che le animazioni possono essere applicate alle righe e ai widget, quindi l'animazione che stai vedendo potrebbe essere stata aggiunta a un elemento diverso da quello che credi.
Per aggiungere animazioni:
- Fai clic con il tasto destro del mouse su una riga o un widget per aprire il menu contestuale.
- Passa il mouse su Animazione e seleziona una delle seguenti opzioni:
- Ingresso. Dall'elenco, seleziona un'animazione di entrata per il primo caricamento del widget sul sito.
- Scorri. Dall'elenco, seleziona un'animazione per lo scorrimento sul widget da parte dell'utente.
-
Personalizza. Seleziona l'azione che attiva l'animazione (sia Ingresso che Scorri) e scegli un'animazione dall'elenco. Per le animazioni in ingresso, dovrai poi selezionare Durata, Ritardo e Intensità. Per le animazioni di scorrimento, dovrai poi selezionare Viewport superiore, Viewport inferiore e Intensità.
Per ripristinare l'animazione, fai clic su Impostazioni predefinite.
Rimuovere animazioni
Per rimuovere le animazioni di entrata:
- Fai clic con il tasto destro del mouse su una riga o un widget per aprire il menu contestuale.
- Passa il mouse su Animazione, quindi su Ingresso o Scorri e seleziona Nessuna.5月15日消息，据ESPN报道，消息人士透露：考虑到欧文在NBA未来的不确定性，耐克不太可能在下赛季之后与他进行续约。
据悉，按正常的日程安排，欧文的最新一代战靴Nike Kyrie 9将于今年秋季正式发布，这也将是双方的最后一款战靴。
事实上，耐克的欧文签名鞋系列向来深受球迷喜爱，但耐克还是选择忍痛割爱，无疑还是对欧文近年来的各项“骚操作”十分不满。
不仅如此，根据《纽约邮报》报道：篮网计划为欧文提供一份1+1的续约合同，与此同时，还在合同中加入特定条款，以此来要求欧文保证一定出勤率。
能让球队和赞助商同时不满，“欧神仙”可能真的需要反思一下自己的所作所为了。There are lots of ways that you can help your child at home: do make sure, for example, that you read frequently with your child, and support them with the current learning that’s taking place in school. All children work at different levels in different subjects depending on their strengths.
When we refer to expectations, it’s important to remember this. At St Peter’s Catholic Primary, our teaching is based around the individual child: whilst we consider what the broad national ‘average’ would be, we also very closely consider personal targets and rates of progress. For example, a very able child is challenged to carry out work in a different way or at a different level. This way, all our pupils are expected to make good progress and achieve their potential.
For useful websites and APPs that you can use at home to support your child, please visit our Kidzone page.
You can also find out more information regarding how your child is assessed on our Assessment Without Levels page.Campanello di casa - Doorbell
Un campanello è un dispositivo di segnalazione tipicamente posizionato vicino a una porta all'ingresso di un edificio. Quando un visitatore preme un pulsante, il campanello suona all'interno dell'edificio, avvertendo l'occupante della presenza del visitatore. Sebbene i primi campanelli fossero meccanici, attivati tirando un cavo collegato a un campanello, i campanelli moderni sono elettrici, azionati da un interruttore a pulsante. I campanelli moderni spesso incorporano citofoni e videocamere in miniatura per aumentare la sicurezza.
Storia
William Murdoch , un inventore scozzese, installò una serie di sue innovazioni nella sua casa, costruita a Birmingham nel 1817; uno di questi era un campanello rumoroso, che funzionava utilizzando un sistema di tubazioni ad aria compressa. Un precursore del campanello elettrico, in particolare un campanello che poteva essere suonato a distanza tramite un filo elettrico, fu inventato da Joseph Henry intorno al 1831. All'inizio del 1900, i campanelli elettrici erano diventati comuni.
Campanelli cablati
Nella maggior parte dei sistemi cablati, un pulsante all'esterno vicino alla porta, posto all'altezza della maniglia, attiva un dispositivo di segnalazione (solitamente un campanello , un campanello o un cicalino ) all'interno dell'edificio. Premendo il pulsante del campanello, un interruttore a pulsante unipolare a corsa singola (SPST) chiude momentaneamente il circuito del campanello. Un terminale di questo pulsante è collegato a un terminale su un trasformatore . Un trasformatore per campanello riduce l' alimentazione elettrica CA da 120 o 240 volt a una tensione più bassa , in genere da 10 a 24 volt. L'altro terminale del trasformatore si collega ad uno dei tre terminali del segnalatore. Un altro terminale è collegato a un filo che viaggia verso l'altro terminale sul pulsante. Alcuni dispositivi di segnalazione hanno un terzo terminale, che produce un suono diverso. Se è presente un altro pulsante del campanello (tipicamente vicino a una porta sul retro), è collegato tra il trasformatore e il terzo terminale. L'avvolgimento primario del trasformatore, essendo alimentato continuamente, consuma costantemente una piccola quantità (da circa 1 a 2 W) di potenza in standby ; i sistemi con interruttori a pulsante illuminati possono consumare una quantità di energia simile per interruttore. Il compromesso è che il cablaggio al pulsante trasporta solo una bassa tensione sicura e isolata dalla messa a terra.
Un comune dispositivo di segnalazione è un'unità di suoneria costituita da due risonatori a barra metallica piatta, che vengono colpiti da pistoncini azionati da due solenoidi . Le barre piatte sono sintonizzate su due note piacevoli. Quando si preme il pulsante del campanello, lo stantuffo del primo solenoide colpisce una barra, e quando il pulsante viene rilasciato, una molla sullo stantuffo spinge lo stantuffo verso l'alto, facendolo colpire l'altra barra, creando un suono a due toni (" ding- dong "). Se viene utilizzato un secondo pulsante del campanello, questo viene cablato all'altro solenoide, che colpisce solo una delle barre, per creare un suono monotono (" ding ").
Campanelli più elaborati suonano un breve motivo musicale, come Westminster Quarters .
Sono comuni anche i modelli cablati completamente alimentati a batteria, che utilizzano un design a due barre o un campanello elettrico. Questi non consumano energia in standby, ma richiedono all'utente di cambiare le batterie, che di solito sono grandi celle primarie situate nel campanello .
Campanelli senza fili
Negli ultimi decenni i campanelli senza fili sono diventati popolari, per evitare la spesa di far passare i cavi attraverso le pareti dell'edificio. Il pulsante del campanello contiene un trasmettitore radio integrato alimentato da una batteria. Quando si preme il pulsante, il trasmettitore invia un segnale radio all'unità ricevente, che è collegata a una presa a muro all'interno dell'edificio. Quando il segnale radio viene rilevato dal ricevitore , attiva un chip sonoro che riproduce il suono dei gong attraverso un altoparlante, un suono "ding-dong" di due note o una sequenza di campane più lunga come Westminster Quarters . Di solito vengono utilizzate le frequenze nella banda ISM a 2,4 GHz . Per evitare interferenze da campanelli wireless vicini sulla stessa frequenza radio , le unità possono essere generalmente impostate dal proprietario su diversi canali radio.
Nelle grandi città metropolitane, negli ultimi dieci anni si è sviluppata una tendenza che utilizza la tecnologia telefonica per segnalare i campanelli in modalità wireless, nonché per rispondere alle porte e rilasciare a distanza incontri elettrici . In molte città del mondo, questa è la forma predominante di segnalazione del campanello.
Campanelli musicali e a potenza continua
Come con i campanelli senza fili, anche i campanelli musicali sono diventati più comuni. I campanelli musicali e a potenza continua servono come tentativo di colmare il divario tra i nuovi circuiti digitali e i vecchi schemi di cablaggio dei campanelli. Una delle principali differenze tra la configurazione standard di un campanello cablato e un campanello musicale è che il campanello musicale deve mantenere l'alimentazione dopo che il pulsante del campanello è stato rilasciato per continuare a riprodurre la canzone del campanello. Questo può essere ottenuto in uno dei due modi.
Per semplici pulsanti del campanello unipolari e a una corsa, il dispositivo di suoneria utilizza un diodo raddrizzatore e un condensatore di zavorra nella fase di ingresso della tensione del circuito. Premendo il pulsante del campanello, l'alimentazione viene collegata tramite il diodo raddrizzatore o una serie di diodi raddrizzatori chiamato raddrizzatore a onda intera, che consente alla corrente di fluire in una sola direzione, nel condensatore di zavorra. Il condensatore di zavorra si carica a una velocità molto maggiore di quella necessaria al resto del circuito per completare una determinata canzone. Una volta rilasciato il pulsante, il condensatore mantiene la carica e mantiene l'alimentazione per un breve periodo al resto del circuito.
Per i campanelli con ingresso misto wireless e cablato, è necessario uno speciale pulsante del campanello per mantenere l'alimentazione continua al suono del campanello. Il circuito è simile a quello sopra, tranne per il fatto che il diodo raddrizzatore è ora spostato nell'alloggiamento del pulsante del campanello. La pressione del pulsante del campanello consente ai lati negativo e positivo del segnale di alimentazione CA di fluire nel circuito, mentre il rilascio del pulsante consente solo al lato positivo o negativo di fluire nel circuito. Differenziando i segnali a onda intera e a mezza onda, il campanello è in grado di funzionare come nel caso cablato precedente, fornendo anche alimentazione continua al campanello per altri scopi, come la ricezione dell'ingresso del pulsante del campanello wireless.
Campane meccaniche
Prima dei campanelli elettrici, le grandi case e le proprietà avevano spesso complicati sistemi meccanici per consentire agli occupanti di qualsiasi stanza di tirare un campanello e suonare un campanello su un campanello centrale negli alloggi del personale, per convocare un servitore.
Campanelli intelligenti
I sistemi più diffusi includono il campanello Ring , il campanello Vivint Home Security e Nest Hello . Questi sono costituiti da un'unica unità che si trova al posto del tradizionale pulsante, e oltre a un pulsante fisico contengono una telecamera HD, un sensore a infrarossi passivo e un'elettronica wi-fi. Il dispositivo è connesso alla rete Wi-Fi domestica e le notifiche della pressione di un pulsante o del movimento rilevato vengono inviate a uno smartphone associato o a un altro dispositivo elettronico come un tablet . Quando viene ricevuta una notifica, l'utente in genere vedrà un flusso video in diretta dal dispositivo, che mostra chi è alla porta e consente una conversazione audio a 2 vie.
I dispositivi possono essere alimentati da una batteria interna, oppure possono utilizzare il cablaggio del campanello esistente per un'alimentazione continua.
Il video viene in genere registrato direttamente su un servizio Internet cloud, il che significa che se l'unità viene manomessa, danneggiata o rubata, questo evento verrà catturato e potrà essere analizzato per determinare l'identità della parte responsabile.
Guarda anche
Riferimenti
|Wikimedia Commons ha media relativi ai campanelli .|در شرايطى که مهاجم نتواند با بهکارگيرى تکنيک سه تهديد از مدافع مستقيم خود عبور کند، مىتواند با بهرهگيرى از تکنيک سد کردن و با همکارى ساير بازيکنان، در موقعيت حملهٔ موفق قرار گيرد. اين تکنيک بيشتر در حملههاى عليه دفاع يارگيرى بهکار مىرود.
سد کردن، يعنى مسدود نمودن تکنيکى و صحيح مسير مدافع مستقيم يک مهاجم، از سوى مهاجم ديگر در تکنيک سد کردن، اصطلاح آزادکننده (سدکننده) براى مهاجمى که مسير مدافع را سد مىکند بهکار مىرود، و اصطلاح آزادشونده به کسى گفته مىشود که از سد ايجاد شده استفاده مىکند. سدشونده به مدافعى گفته مىشود که با ايجاد سد از سوى سدکننده، قادر به دنبال کردن مهاجم مستقيم خود نيست.
براى ايجاد سد مسير مدافع، دو شيوه وجود دارد: ۱. آزادشونده در يک نقطهٔ ساکن بماند تا آزادکننده به سمت وى بيايد و با ايجاد سد، وى را آزاد نمايد، اين روش را اصطلاحاً اسکرين - Screen مىگويند. ۲. آزادکننده در يک نقطه ساکن بماند تا آزادشونده به سمت وى بيايد و با استفاده از بدن سدکننده، خود را از دسترس مدافع مستقيم دور کرده و آزادانه به سمت حلقه نفوذ کند. اين روش را اصطلاحاً پيک - Pick مىگويند.
- روش اجراء اسکرين :
- آزادشونده در يک لحظه در يک نقطه، ساکن مىماند، تا آزادکننده به سمت وى حرکت کند.
- آزادکننده بر اساس تاکتيک تيمي، يا منطقهٔ آزاد حمله، در يک سمت مدافع، کنار و پشت وى قرار مىگيرد.
- آزادکننده در حالت تعادلى (زانوها خم، پاها به عرض شانه باز) با دستهائى که بهصورت صليب بر روى سينه قرار گرفته است، عمل سد کردن را انجام مىدهد (شکل - حرکت ايجاد سد و چرخش).
- پاى جلوئى آزادکننده، تقريباً کنار پاى مدافع و پاى پشتى وى حدوداً در فاصلهٔ بين دو پاى مدافع و کمى عقب قرار مىگيرد.
- هيچگونه تماسى بين آزادکننده و مدافع نبايد وجود داشته باشد (آزادکننده به اندازهٔ يک فضاى چرخش، از مدافع فاصله مىگيرد.)
- آزادشونده، پس از اجراء کامل سد، کاملاً نزديک به بدن آزادکننده، از سمت سد ايجاد شده عبور مىکند.
تذکر: چنانچه ايجاد سد براى بازيکنى که قصد شوت دارد انجام گيرد، آزادکننده در فاصلهٔ بين مدافع و مهاجم جا مىگيرد و با ايجاد سد شوت براى آزادشونده، امکان يک شوت راحت را فراهم مىآورد.
- روش اجراء چرخش بعد از سد کردن - Pick and Roll :
پس از اجراء پيک يا ايجاد اسکرين، آزادکننده (سدکننده) با حرکت چرخش روى سينهٔ پاى محور، علاوه بر آن که مسير مدافع شده را براى دنبال کردن مهاجم مستقيم خود مسدود مىکند، و نيز از هر نوع حرکت وى به سمت حلقه براى همکارى با ساير مدافعان ممانعت مىنمايد، خود را در موقعيتى بسيار آزاد، در معرض دريافت يک پاس راحت و اقدام به شوت يا نفوذى آسان به سمت حلقه، قرار مىدهد (شکل - حرکت ايجاد سد و چرخش).
- روش اجراء پيک :
- آزادکننده در يک نقطهٔ از پيش تعيينشده (بر اساس تاکتيک تيم يا شرايط بازي) در حالت تعادلى و با دستهاى صليبشده بر روى سينه، ثابت مىشود.
- آزادشونده، به آرامي، به اندازهاى به آزادکننده نزديک مىشود تا مدافع وى با وى برخورد نمايد و با سد شدن او، با يک حرکت سريع و ناگهانى از سمت چپ يا راست آزادکننده (بر اساس انتخاب مناسب خود) عبور کند.
- آهنگ حرکت آزادشوند، ابتدا آرام و بعد يکباره سريع مىشود.
- آزادکننده بايد در نقطهاى قرار گيرد که در ديدرس مدافع (سدشونده) باشد؛ در غير اينصورت، هرگونه سد کردنى که براى مدافع کاملاً غيرمنتظره باشد (به لحاظ ايمنى ورزشکاران) از نظر داوري، خطاى آزادکننده محسوب خواهد شد.
- اگر هنگام سد کردن، مدافع سدکننده در مسير سمت اجراء سد قرار گرفته، امکان استفاده از سد را براى
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|© 1997-2006 Healthboard.com. Healthboard.com is a purely informational website, and should not be used as a substitute for professional legal, medical or technical advice.|The problem is not so much propulsion as it is heat protection. The reason has to do with the enormous energies of high speed flight, and with steady-state and transient heat transfer. Any good rocket can push you to hypersonic speeds in the atmosphere. But it is unlikely that you will survive very long there!
The flow field around most supersonic and hypersonic objects looks somewhat like that in Figure 1. There is a bow shock caused by the object parting the oncoming air stream. Then, the flow re-expands back to near streamline direction along the side of the object. Then it over-expands around the aft edge, having to experience another shock wave to straighten-out its direction parallel to free stream again. This aft flow field usually also features a wake zone of one size or another, as shown.
The conditions along the lateral side of the object are not all that far from free stream, in terms of static pressures, flow velocities, and air static temperatures. One can compute skin heat transfer using those free-stream values as values at the edge of the local boundary layer, and be “in the ballpark”. That is what I do here, for illustrative and conceptual purposes.
Once flow is supersonic, the boundary layer behavior isn’t so simple any more. There is a phenomenon that derives from the very high kinetic energies that one simply does not see in subsonic flow: energy conservation. The value of that kinetic energy shows up as the air total temperature Tt, which is the upper bound for how hot things could be. Air captured on board by any means will be very close to Tt, if subsonic relative to the airframe after capture. This includes any “cooling air” one might use!
In addition, there is “viscous dissipation”, which has the effect of raising the actual (thermodynamic) temperature of the air in a max shearing zone within that boundary layer, to very high temperatures. The peak of this temperature increase is called the recovery temperature Tr. The difference between this recovery temperature and the local skin temperature Ts is what drives air friction heat transfer to the skin, not the difference between the air static temperature and the skin temperature, as is typical in subsonic flow. See Figure 2. The temperature rise from static to recovery is around 88 to 89% of the rise from static to total, in turbulent flow, which this almost always is.
Most heat transfer calculations for this kind of flow regime take the basic form and sequence illustrated in Figure 3. “How high and how fast” determines the conditions of flow, ultimately. Total and recovery temperatures may be computed from this, and total temperature is conserved throughout the flow field around the object, regardless of the shock and expansion processes. The flow alongside the lateral skin is not far from free-stream to first order, and that may be used to find out “what ballpark we are playing in”. Better local edge-of-boundary layer estimates must come from far more sophisticated analyses, such as computer fluid dynamics (CFD) codes.
In Figure 3, the process starts by determining recovery temperature. The velocity, density, and viscosity at the edge of the boundary layer won’t be vastly different from free stream, unless you are really hypersonic, or really blunt (detached bow shock). The various correlations account for this.
Using whatever dimension is appropriate for the selected heat transfer correlation, one computes Reynolds number Re. Low densities at high altitude lead to low values, and vice versa. High speeds lead to high values. Different correlations have the density and viscosity (and thermal conductivity) evaluated in different ways and at different reference temperatures. You simply follow the procedure for the correlation you selected. Sometimes this is neither simple, nor straightforward.
The complexity of these correlations varies. My favored lateral skin correlations use a T* for properties evaluation that is T* = mean film plus 22% of the stagnation rise above static. My favored slower than reentry stagnation zone correlation evaluates fluid properties at total conditions behind a normal shock. In the stagnation case, Reynolds number is based on the pre-shock freestream velocity.
The next step is the correlation for Nusselt number Nu. This nearly always takes the form of a power function of Re (plus some other nontrivial factors), usually with an exponent in the vicinity of 0.8 or so. Nusselt number is then converted to heat transfer coefficient h, using the appropriate dimension and the appropriately-evaluated thermal conductivity of the air, for the selected correlation.
The heat transfer rate is then as given in Figure 3, which shows the Tr – Ts temperature difference.
One should note that because both density (which is in Re) and thermal conductivity k (which is in h) are low at high altitudes, the computed values of h will be substantially smaller at high altitudes in the thin air. High speeds act to raise h, and to very dramatically raise Tr and Tt. That last effect is truly exponential.
Having the heat transfer rate is only part of the problem. One must also worry about transient vs steady-state effects. If the skin is completely uncooled in any way, it is then only a heat sink of finite capacity, with the convective input from Q/Aconv = h (Tr - Ts). One can use material masses and specific heats to estimate the heat that is sinkable as skin temperature rises. The highest it can reach is Tr = Ts, where it is fully “soaked out” to the recovery temperature. That zeroes heat transfer to the skin.
The time it takes to soak out can be very crudely estimated as 3 “time constants”, where one “time constant” is the heat energy absorbed to soak-out all the way from initial Ts to Tr, divided by the initial heat transfer rate when the skin is at the initial low Ts.
More complex steady-state situations must find the equilibriating Ts when there is convective input from air friction, conductive/convective heat transfer into the interior of the object (something not illustrated here), and re-radiation from the hot skin to the environment. In high speed entry, there is also a radiative input to the skin from the boundary layer itself, which is an incandescent plasma at such speeds, and this is very significant above about 10 km/s speeds.
Not covered here in the first two estimates are heat transfer correlations for nose tips and leading edges. Those heat transfer coefficients tend to be about an order of magnitude higher than the coefficients one would estimate for “typical” lateral skin. Stagnation soak-out temperatures should really be nearer Ttot than Tr, although those temperatures are really very little different.
Suffice it to say here that if one flies for hours instead of scant minutes or seconds with uncooled skins, they will soak out rather close to the recovery temperature Tr or total temperature Ttot. That brings up practical material temperature limits. See Figures 4 and 5.
For almost all organic composites, the matrix degrades to structural uselessness by the time it reaches around 200 F. The fiber might (or might not) be good for more, but without a matrix, it is useless. For most aluminum alloys, structural strength has degraded to under 25% of normal by the time it reaches about 300 F, which is why no supersonic aircraft made of aluminum flies faster than Mach 2 to 2.3 in the stratosphere, and slower still at sea level. Dash speeds higher are limited to several seconds.
Carbon steels and titaniums respond to temperature very similarly, it is a very serious mistake to think that titanium is a higher-temperature material than carbon steel! Titanium is only lighter than steel. And you “buy” that weight savings at the cost of far less formability potential with titanium. Both materials are pretty-much structurally “junk” beyond about 750 F. Various stainless alloys have max recommended use temperatures between 1200 and 1600 F. Inconel is similar to the higher end at about 1500 F. There are a very few “superalloys” that can be used to about 2000 F, give or take 100 F.
Figure 4 compares steady-state recovery (max soak-out) and total temperatures to material limitations on a standard day at sea level. Max speed for organic composites are barely over Mach 1, and just under Mach 2 with aluminum. Steel and titanium are only good to about Mach 2.5, unless cooled in some way. Stainless steels can get you to about Mach 3.5-to-4, the superalloys not much higher.
Figure 4 – Compare Tt and Tr to Material Limitations at Sea Level
One should note that stratospheric temperatures are only -69.7 F from about 36,000 feet altitude to about 66,000 feet altitude. Above 66,000 feet, air temperatures rise again, to values intermediate between these two figures! That lowers the speed limitation some, for altitudes above 66,000 feet.
This steady-state soak-out temperature comparison neatly explains why most ramjet missile designs (usually featuring shiny or white-painted bare alloy stainless steel skin) have been limited to about Mach 4 in the stratosphere, and around Mach 3.3 or so at sea level. Those limitations on speed are pretty close to the 1200 F isotherms of total or recovery temperature. Without re-radiation cooling, the skins soak out fairly quickly (the leading edges and nose tips extremely quickly).
To fly faster will require cooled skins, or one-shot ablatives, or else the briefest episodes (scant seconds) of transient flight. The nose-tip and leading edge problem is even worse! That means for long-duration / long-range flight, the skin must be cooled, or else coated with a thick, heavy, one-shot ablative. There are two (and only two) ways to do cooling: (1) backside heat removal, and (2) re-radiation to the environment. Or both!
Backside heat removal must address (1) conduction through the materials, (2) some means of removing the heat from the backside of the materials, and (3) some means of storing or disposing of all the collected heat (what usually gets forgotten). Liquid backside cooling using the fuel comes to mind, with the heat dumped in the fuel tank. However, there are two very severe limits: (1) the liquid cooling materials and media may not exceed the boiling temperature at tolerable pressures, and (2) the heat capacity of the fuel in the tank is very finite, and decreasing rapidly as the vehicle burns off its fuel load.
Re-radiation to the environment requires a very “black” (highly emissive) surface coating, and is further limited by the temperature of the environment to which the heat is radiated. These processes follow a form of the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, to wit: Q/A = σ εs (Ts4 – Te4), where σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and the εs is spectrally-averaged material emissivity at the corresponding temperature. Subscript s refers to the hot radiating skin panels, and subscript e refers to the environment.
While deep space is ~4 K, earth temperatures are nearer 300 K, and that is what most atmospheric vehicles usually “see”. The material absorptivity is its emissivity, which is why that value is also used for the radiation received from the environment. A truly “black” hot metal skin might have an emissivity near or above 0.8. This could be achieved in some cases by a metallurgical coating or treatment, in others by a suitable black paint (usually one of ceramic nature, and very high in carbon content).
One More Limitation to Consider
Once the boundary layer air is hot enough, it is no longer air, it is becoming an ionized plasma. The kinds of heat transfer calculations that I used here become increasingly inaccurate when that happens, and other correlations developed for entry from space need to be used instead. As a rough rule-of-thumb, that limit is about 5000 F air temperature.
If you look at Figure 4 (sea level), you hit the “not-air anymore” limitation starting around Mach 7. In figure 5 for coldest stratosphere, that limit gets exceeded starting around Mach 8. The only calculation methods that “work” reliably above these limits would be CFD codes, and even then, only if the correct models and correlations are built into the codes. That last is not a given! “Garbage-in, garbage-out”. That expression is no joke, it is quite real.
With Re-Radiation Cooling at Emissivity = 0.80
This applies only to lateral skins, not leading edges, because the heat transfer rates are an order of magnitude higher for leading edges. That effect alone changes the energy balance enormously.
But for lateral skins, the speed limitation occurs when the re-radiation heat flow equals the convective input to the skin. The complicating factor is that convective heat transfer is a strong function of altitude via the air density, while re-radiation is entirely independent of altitude air density. There are now more variables at work on the energy balance than just ambient air temperature.
That means two charts depicting the “typical” effects are entirely inadequate. We need a sense for how this changes with altitude air density. What follows is a selection of equilibrium re-radiating temperature versus speed plots, at various altitudes, in a US 1962 Standard Day atmosphere model. Material temperature capabilities are superposed, as before.
Figure 11 – Lateral Skin Radiational Equilibrium at 110,000 feet
Tough Design Problem
How exactly one achieves this re-radiation cooling is quite a difficult design problem. The skin itself will be very hot, in order to re-radiate effectively. Not only will it be very structurally weak, there will be heat leakage from it into the vehicle interior. This is inherent, but by careful design, can be limited to rather small (1-2%) values compared to the energy incident and re-radiated from the outer surface.
There must be a sufficient thickness of low density insulation between that skin and the interior, one capable of surviving at the skin temperature. This insulation must be some sort of mineral fiber wool. There are no simple glasses that survive at the temperatures of interest for hypersonic flight.
The mountings that hold the skin in place constitute metallic conduction paths into the interior. These must be made of serpentine shape, of length significantly greater than the insulation thickness, in order to effectively limit heat leakage by the metallic conduction path.
Finally, there is the issue of sealing the structure against throughflow induced by the surface pressure distribution relative to the pressure in the interior. Because it is much easier to design seals that survive cold, than seals that survive incandescently-hot, it seems likely that the surface skins must be vented, with the pressure distribution resisted by colder structures deeper within the airframe.
Two Sample Cases
The SR-71 and its variants featured a “black” titanium skin, cooled by re-radiation, but nothing else. The leading edges (at least very locally) would approach the soak-out temperature limits shown in Figures 4 and 5 above. Typical missions were flown at around 85,000 feet, with speeds up to, but not exceeding Mach 3.3. In the very slightly-colder air at 66,000 feet, that leading edge limit was Mach 3.5.
As figure 10 shows, the lateral skins had a higher speed limit nearer Mach 4. So we can safely draw the rough conclusion that the SR-71 airframe was likely limited by leading-edge heating to about Mach 3.5 or so, at something around 80,000 or 85,000 feet.
The X-15 featured skins of Inconel-X that were radiationally very “black”. About the max recommended material use temperature is 1500-1600 F. Leading edges might tend toward the local soak-out limit at about Mach 4 to 4.5, unless internally cooled by significant internal conduction toward the lateral surfaces of a solid piece, which these were. Thinner air “way up high” might help with that balance, by reducing both the stagnation, and lateral, heating rates.
As shown in figure 11, the re-radiation equilibrium limitation near 110,000 feet is closer to Mach 10 for the lateral skins, and higher still at higher altitudes, as the other figures indicate by their trends. The fastest flight had a white coating, which effectively killed radiational cooling. For that, the soak-out speed limit is closer to Mach 4.5 to 5.5, based upon figures 4 and 5.
Again, we might very crudely conclude the X-15 was limited by its leading edges to something between Mach 5 and Mach 10. The fastest flight actually flown reached Mach 6.7, without any evident wing leading edge or nose damage, excepting some shock impingement heating damage in the tail section.
Most of the outfits claiming they have vehicle designs that cruise steadily at Mach 8+ (high-hypersonic flight) have not done their thermal protection designs yet.
That lack inherently means they do not have feasible vehicle designs at all, since thermal protection is the enabling item for sustained high-hypersonic flight.
“Hypersonic cruise” (meaning steady state cruise above Mach 4 or 5 for extended ranges) is therefore nothing but a buzz word, without an advanced thermal protection system in place.
The faster the cruise speed, the more advanced this thermal protection must be, and the more unlikely there will be a metallic solution.
Blunt vehicles = hypersonic Mach 3+
Sharp vehicles = hypersonic Mach 5+
Formally, “hypersonic” is when the bow shock position relative to the vehicle surface contour becomes insensitive to flight speed.
A Better Leading Edge Model
That is entirely out of scope here. It might consist of one solid leading edge piece, to be assumed isothermal. It would have a very small percentage of its surface area calculated for stagnation heat transfer, with the remainder calculated as lateral skin heat transfer, except as modified for convexity into the flow near the leading edge. There would be no conduction or convection into the interior. All surfaces would re-radiate to cool.
The next best model is a finite-element approximation, which allows for temperature variations and internal conduction, within the leading edge piece. Adding conduction and convection paths into the interior is the next level of modeling fidelity. None of this is amenable to simple hand calculation.
Supersonic Inlet Structures
These are an even more difficult problem, as the inner surfaces are (1) blocked from viewing the external environment for radiational cooling, and (2) are exposed to edge-of-boundary layer conditions that are very far indeed from freestream conditions.Rio de Janeiro, violenta sparatoria prima del match Botafogo-Flamengo: 8 feriti e una vittima il bialancio dello scontro a fuoco
Sparatoria Brasile, terrore prima di Botafogo Flamengo – Un tragico pre-partita a Rio de Janeiro: una sparatoria ha causato gravi danni all’ordine pubblico, provocando 8 feriti e una vittima prima del
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sound incredibly far-fetched. But the way the play feels, is pure heart-breaking emotion. Creon is obviously too hard on his own kin and makes the mistake of following the law to the letter. But isn't that what the law is there for? To be followed absolutely, with no exceptions, otherwise, wouldn't everyone be able to plead an exception?
Creon: I will not make myself a liar to my people. He who does his duty in his own household will be found righteous in the state also. [658-660].
Antigone, above all, raises the issue of divine law versus secular law. She obeys the laws of the gods, who require that both brothers are buried with equal rites by the next of kin. So surely, in a time when divine law judged mortal law, she is not culpable? Creon has created a Catch-22 for himself by proclaiming death for anyone who interferes, only to find that it is a member of his own family.
Antigone: ... That a mortal could override the unwritten and unfailing statues of heaven for their life is not of today or yesterday, but from all time, and no man knows when they were first put forth. [450-458].
To put this in context, Athenian tragedy, as a genre, was intended to question morality. It was not necessarily a reflection of real life, but was meant to pose a question, a "what would you do if ..." situation. The play itself was written c.442BC in Athens. This was the time of the 'radical democracy', when Athens was at war with Sparta, encountering the public burial of war dead and justifying the polis' democratic position, combining both the written laws of the constitution and the unwritten laws that were divine, moral or assumed.
But as well as all that, to me, it really will always be a gorgeous, tragic and beautiful play.
|Attic Red Figure, Antigone is brought before Creon c.490BC (?) Looks like a krater ...|Oltre sessanta morti e più di seicento dispersi per le fiamme che stanno devastando lo stato americano della California. E sono più di 80 mila le persone costrette a lasciare le proprie case. Le scuole sono state chiuse a causa dell'inquinamento dell'aria a Sacramento, Oakland e San Francisco. Domani il presidente Donald Trump in visita nelle zone colpite dagli incendi. Ma si segnalano morti anche per la neve: La tempesta che ha colpito il Midwest e la parte orientale degli Stati Uniti ha provocato almeno otto vittime e lasciato 389mila persone senza elettricità. fiocchi sulla capitale Washington, imbiancata anche New York. Ritardi e cancellazioni di aerei a causa del maltempo: oltre 2mila i voli rimasti a terra.
Brucia la California, tempesta di neve nel MidwestDo not hesitate to add bananas to your diet because they are very beneficial for your health. This fruit fights depression, cures hangovers after a crazy night, helps you get rid of morning sickness, makes you smarter, protects you from kidney cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, and blindness.
Also, bananas can cure itchiness from mosquito bites and make your shoes extra shiny.
Here is why you need to eat bananas:
Defeat depression by eating bananas. This happens due to the high levels of tryptophan, which is changed into serotonin.
Have two bananas before an exhausting workout. It will give you energy and maintain your blood sugar levels.
Eat a banana to avoid muscle cramps while working out and leg cramps while sleeping.
This tasty fruit can work against calcium loss during urination and will help you have strong bones.
It improves mood and keeps the PMS symptoms low. Also, you blood sugar is regulated and you will feel relaxed.
Bananas have high content of vitamin B6, so the creation of white blood cells is helped, the nervous system strengthened, weight loss is encouraged, and swelling reduced.
Additionally, bananas protect you against type II diabetes.
Bananas include iron, so anemia is relieved and your blood strengthened.
Bananas are rich in potassium and have low salt content. They decrease blood pressure and protect you from heart attack and stroke.
Improve Digestion by Consuming Bananas
Digestion is boosted due to the pectin richness of bananas.
Bananas work as probiotic, stimulating the rise of good bacteria in the bowel. Digestive enzymes are also produced to help the absorption of nutrients.
Also, the problem with constipation can be eliminated because of the high fiber content that normalizes bowel motility.
Another problem that can be solved by eating bananas is diarrhea. The fruit is soothing for the digestive tract and restores lost electrolytes after this condition.
Because bananas are a natural antacid, they relieve acid reflux, heartburn and GERD.
Bananas as Natural Cure
Prevent kidney cancer, avoid macular degeneration of the eyes and have strong bones by only eating bananas.
Have a banana before an exam to benefit from the high levels of potassium.
Protect yourself from free radicals and chronic disease with the high content of antioxidants in bananas.
Keep your blood sugar stabilized by eating a banana between meals and reduce nausea from morning sickness.
A banana can decrease the body temperature while dealing with a fever or cool you on a hot day.
Rub the inside of a banana peel on your leather shoes or handbag and clean with a dry cloth for a quick shine.
Bananas are also excellent for delicious smoothies:
Creamy Smoothie Recipe with Banana andAvocado
Half an avocado. Remove the skin and the stone from it.
1 and a half cup of almond milk, or any kind of milk
Half or a whole teaspoon of ground cinnamon
Half a teaspoon of vanilla paste
1 tablespoon of raw honey
1 tablespoon of chia seeds
1 tablespoon of bee pollen
1 tablespoon of peanut butter. This one is optional
How to prepare it:
Put everything in a blender and mix on high speed for 30 seconds until you get a smooth consistency. Then, your drink is ready and you can enjoy it.Tra le sei partite giocate nella notte NBA, quella più spettacolare è stata senza dubbio Boston-Golden State. Merito soprattutto di due protagonisti: Jayson Tatum e Steph Curry. Il primo ha trascinato i Celtics al successo per 119-114 con una prestazione da 44 punti e 10 rimbalzi. Ma il secondo non è stato certo da meno. Quarantesette punti a referto e questo canestro impossibile, da riguardare all'infinito. Una magia condita anche dal fallo subito e il successivo giro in lunetta per il libero supplementare, nonostante le proteste del povero Grant Williams. Ma come ha fatto?
Un'altra serata da record per Curry, che con le undici triple messe a bersaglio nella sfida è arrivato a quota 20 partite in carriera con almeno dieci tiri segnati da oltre l'arco. E nelle ultime cinque giocate, ne ha infilate addirittura 44. Un altro primato. Il figlio di Dell sta tenendo a galla i Warriors, che come noto devono fare a meno di Klay Thompson per tutta la stagione e al momento si trovano al nono posto della Western Conference.
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Davis fa il fenomeno, Suns ko. Doncic espulsoشهریه دانشگاه آزاد سال 96 کاهش می یابد
فریدون رهنما روز دوشنبه در حاشیه بازدید از بیست ودومین نمایشگاه مطبوعات و خبرگزاری ها در گفت وگو با خبرنگار حوزه دانشگاه ایرنا افزود: اگر تورم در جامعه به حداقل برسد، بر اساس پیش بینی ها، انقباض افزایش شهریه در سال آینده خواهیم داشت .
وی اظهار کرد: اکنون بر اساس مصوبه شورای عالی انقلاب فرهنگی و هیات امنای دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، در سال تحصیلی 95، شهریه رشته های تحصیلی که دارای متقاضی کم هستند، کاهش یافته است.
رهنما با بیان اینکه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی از منابع و اعتبارات دولتی استفاده نمی کند، ادامه داد: برنامه ریزی هایی صورت گرفته تا با توسعه شرکت های دانش بنیان و هسته فناور، فارغ التحصیلان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی جذب این شرکت ها شوند.
وی تصریح کرد: اکنون یکهزار شرکت دانش بنیان و هسته فناور در بخش های مختلف از جمله هنر، علوم اجتماعی، فنی و مهندسی، رسانه و غیره فعالیت می کنند.
به گفته رهنما، دانشجویانی که در حوزه رسانه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تحصیل می کنند می توانند درخواست تاسیس شرکت دانش بنیان را بدهند.
بیست ودومین نمایشگاه مطبوعات و خبرگزاری ها از 14 تا 21 آبان در مصلای امام خمینی(ره) برپا است.
شهریه دانشگاه آزاد سال 96 کاهش می یابد
Source: irna.ir- Consider purchasing a reusable container for your water and another for your coffee. This will cut your paper and plastic and paper consumption considerably. And just because you don’t brew your own coffee doesn’t mean you can’t use your new travel mug; many coffee shops will fill them with their coffee for you. Some even offer discounts if you bring your own mug.
- Bring reusable bags with you to the grocery store. Not only will you cut back on plastic, you could also make a few cents per bag you use.
- Eat local and support local growers by dining in town and visiting local farmers markets. You will enjoy fresh foods and reduce gas emissions.
- Leave your car at home for a day. If possible, walk to work. If work is too far away, try working from home at least one day a week. According to the EPA, leaving your car at home twice a week can cut greenhouse gas emissions by 1,600 pounds per year.
- Don’t be a water waster. Stop letting the faucet run while you brush your teeth and wash dishes. Wash larger loads of laundry. And water your lawn in the morning or at night when the temperature is cooler.
- Recycling isn’t only for paper, plastic and cardboard. Take your old or broken electronics to your local electronic recycling center and try e-cycling instead of throwing them in the trash.
- Conserve energy at home by switching out traditional light bulbs with energy efficient light bulbs and by unplugging anything that glows. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, 75 percent of all electricity consumed in the home is standby power used to keep electronics running when those TVs, DVRs, computers, monitors and stereos are “off.”سپاه پاسداران ویدیویی از لحظات اولیه توقیف نفتکش انگلیسی «Stena Impero» منتشر کرد + جزئیات جدید از توقیف نفتکش انگلیسی
سخنگوی سپاه: “در اعمال قانون و حاکمیت ملی در خلیج فارس و تنگه هرمز قاطعانه عمل می کنیم.”
سخنگوی سپاه عنوان کرد:
– نفتکش انگلیسی «Stena Impero» تحت اسکورت ناوچه جنگی انگلیسی که با بیتوجهی به قوانین و مقررات دریایی در حال ورود به تنگه هرمز بود با درخواست سازمان بنادر و دریانوردی استان هرمزگان، توسط یگان شناوری منطقه یکم نیروی دریایی سپاه توقیف شد.
– نفتکش انگلیسی بر خلاف قوانین و مقررات دریانوردی دستگاه موقعیت یاب خود را خاموش و به جای حرکت به سمت ورودی خلیج فارس در تنگه هرمز از مسیر خروجی در جنوب در حال ورود بود.
– پس از بی توجهی به هشدارها و تذکرات یگان دریایی سپاه و حتی مقاومت و نیز دخالت ناوچه جنگی نیروی دریایی سلطنتی انگلستان و به پرواز در آوردن ۲ فروند بالگرد و تلاش برای بازداشتن تکاوران دریایی سپاه از اجرای مأموریت خود، با قاطعیت و سرعت عمل نیروهای خودی متوقف و جهت بررسی ها و اقدامات لازم قانونی به لنگرگاه ساحلی هدایت شد.
– در اعمال قانون و حاکمیت ملی در خلیج فارس و تنگه هرمز قاطعانه عمل می کنیم.文章来源：运满满 发布时间: 2019年12月14日 16:29 阅读:9998 【字号： 小 】
前段时间在网上看到了一个文章，写的大概含义就是测试友谊的，我并不赞同这类方法，但在这物质的世界里这却是最好的了。故事的总体就是一个人向最好的朋友们借钱，不需要多，几千足以，但是结果却并不如愿。寥寥数人而已。从这个故事可以看出，在你患难时可以给予你帮助的或许只有那一两个，所以朋不在多而在于质。
记得还有一晚，也是如此，只是我没有再带面包。回到家，嗡嗡的电视机声吵的我的心烦意乱。过了一会，他说，该吃饭了。没心情吃饭，此时的我准备退回屋去。却不遭他说了这么一句，有什么事吃完饭在说.他的脸朝着我，使我感到腿脚发麻，不知道想了些什么，就闪了过去。
他到一家高级企业面试，面试失败了。他正准备起身离开，衣服被椅子上的没钉下去的钉子挂住了，他把衣服扯开了，四周看了看，发现窗沿上有一把锤子，出于习惯，他拿起锤子随手把钉子顶下去。正在他准备离开时，他钉钉子的细节被面试官注意到了，马上拉住他：你被聘请了，我们愿用百万年薪做你的工资〝这位青年不解的问为什么，因为你的行为，我们面试了三十多个人，他们的衣服无一例外都被钉子挂住了，但没有一个人把钉子钉下去，只有你不愿意也不想再让别人重蹈覆辙，所以你被录取了。〞
爸爸站在我身边，看了看窗外欢笑的小朋友，又看了看我，什么也没说，只是用他那温暖的大手抚了抚我的背。有限尺度下纳米点阵的磁学性质
【摘要】：
周期排列的磁性(单畴)纳米颗粒构成的小点阵体系，在未来的高密度数据存储器(1 Tb／in~2范围)和磁场感应器等方面有着重要的应用。在这些纳米磁颗粒点阵体系中，颗粒间的偶极相互作用、外加磁场的方向等都对体系的动力学磁化过程有着重大的影响。尤其在点阵比较小时，体系展示了有趣的磁学性质。因而，研究纳米磁颗粒小点阵体系的磁学特性，不仅在理论上有重要学术价值，同时也为实际应用提供参考方案，是凝聚态物理和纳米磁学的前沿课题。
我们依据Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert方程(LLG方程)，研究一个有限大小的N×N平方点阵结构的单畴磁性颗粒体系的磁滞现象。每个纳米磁性颗粒具有垂直各向异性并且颗粒与颗粒间具有偶极相互作用，其磁矩可以在三维空间任意取向。
首先，我们对偶极相互作用对颗粒磁矩翻转的影响进行了具体研究。当外加一个垂直于点阵平面的磁场时，沿外场方向的磁化强度跟颗粒间的偶极相互作用强度密切相关。在偶极相互作用较弱时，磁滞回线显示了一个阶梯式的环状结构。随着偶极相互作用增强，磁滞回线将显示一个大环和几个小环的形状。当偶极相互作用变得很强时，这些环将会消失。这些变化联系着系统能量的跃变，也对应着磁矩构型的转变。作为比较，我们还研究了外加磁场平行于点阵平面的情况，在一般的偶极相互作用强度下，整个体系显示出非磁滞特性，且对偶极相互作用不敏感。这说明，外加磁场平行于点阵平面时的磁化特性主要由垂直各向异性引起，而外加磁场垂直于点阵平面时的磁化环主要由颗粒间的强偶极相互作用引起。同时，我们研究了不同偶极相互作用强度下的剩磁，和使磁化强度平行于外场方向的分量由正变为负的临界场。发现磁化翻转与偶极相互作用有着很大的关联。
其次，我们对外加磁场方向对磁化特性的影响进行了具体研究。将外加磁场方向从处在小点阵体系平面内向垂直于小点阵平面的方向变化，我们发现磁化特性曲线随着外场方向的变化非常敏感。同时，由于偶极相互作用能、垂直各向异性能和塞曼能的相互竞争，有限尺度下的磁滞回线展示了强烈的尺寸效应。最后，我们还研究了剩磁和翻转场随着外场方向和偶极相互作用的变化，由于此中磁化过程的不同，而体现了各向异性。Palude della mangrovia e dell yacht.
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caraibico Barca a vela dell'yacht di Monohull messa in bacino nello slittamento della baia di Savusavu di Figi Aearial ha sparato il fuco che sorvola l'isola tropicale Dentro la mangrovia del delta Vietnam del Mekong laguna Peschereccio ancorato fra la foresta della mangrovia Fiume di mareaFiume di Brisbane alla notteIsola di Phuket Similanحوزه های تخصصی:
زیارت نامه جامعه کبیره، برای نخستین بار به بیان تفصیلی ویژگی ها و شئون ائمه اطهار: پرداخته است. عوامل مؤثر بر تدوین این متن، از مهم ترین پرسش هایی است که پس از پذیرش اصالت آن، نیازمند یافتن پاسخ مناسب است. نوشتار حاضر، با نگرش زمان مند به این متن و بهره گیری از شواهد تاریخی، کوشیده است به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که چه نسبتی میان مضامین زیارت جامعه و نیازهای شیعیان امامی در عصر امام هادی(ع) (212-254ق) برقرار بوده است؟ یافته های این پژوهش، نشان می دهد که قالب و مفاد زیارت نامه جامعه کبیره، جوابگوی نیازهای خطیر معرفتی امامی مذهبان در زمانه امام هادی(ع) است و می توان آن را یک نظام نامه جامع برای مدیریت افکار شیعیان امامی در آن دوره شمرد.Doğal banyo dekorasyonu örnekleri ve banyoda doğal yaklaşımın ipuçları... Öze dönüş eğiliminden payın alan banyolarda kaplama hem de mobilya ve aksesuarlarda ham, masif ya da ahşabın tüm dokusunu sergileyen yüzeyler öne çıkıyor.
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ma di adozione francese), dalla forte sensibilità e dallo stile originale e unico, rappresentativo dell'estremo contemporaneo francese. Il lavoro di traduzione condotto dal giovane e promettente Monachello cerca di far rivivere nella nostra lingua quella sensibilità e quello stile, oltre che le tematiche attualissime delle poesie, scritte nei giorni della grande tragedia dell'attentato alle Torri Gemelle dell'11 settembre 2001.
Scrivi una recensione per "New York di Thanh-Van Ton-That. Traduzioni dell'Extreme Contemporain. Ediz. italiana e francese"طبقه بندی ترکیبی ورقهای قلع اندود
طبقه بندی ترکیبی ورقهای قلع اندود :تولید کنندگان قوطی طبقه بندی ترکیبی را برای ورق های قلع اندود در نظر گرفته اند. این طبقه بندی شامل هفت ترکیب می باشد یعنی از نرم ترین ورق که ممکن است در کارخانه تولید شود (T-1) تا سخت ترین ورقی که کاربرد آن توسط تولید کنندگان قوطی امکان پذیر است، در خصوص این تقسیم بندی می توان گفت که:
ورق های T-1 و T-2 برای ظروف کششی کشیده مانند بدنه قوطی های ماهی و در ب پوش ها به کار می روند.
ورق های T-3، T-4 مخصوص بدنه قوطی های مواد غذائی فرآیند شده است.
ورق های T-5 مخصوص مواردی است که مقاومت بیشتری از لحاظ خم شدن و یا مقاومت زیاد در برابر فشار لازم است.
ورق های T-6 برای قوطی های غذا کاربرد نداشته و فقط برای دو انتهای قوطی آبجو به کار می رود.
ورق های T-U این ورق ها به طور مستمر مقاوم به گرم و سرد شدن می باشند. با روش الکترولیت قادریم مقادیر مختلفی از قلع را بر روی سطح ورق فولاد بنشانیم به همین دلیل به لحاظ وزن قلع در هر متر مربع تقسیمات ذیل را نیز داریم:
۸/۲= E1 گرم قلع در متر مربع ورق فولاد
۶/۵= E2 گرم قلع در متر مربع ورق فولاد
۴/۸= E3 گرم قلع در متر مربع ورق فولاد
۲/۱۱= E4 گرم قلع در متر مربع ورق فولاد
که در این حالت ورق ها بر اساس وزن قلع مورد استفاده درهر متر مربع ورق فولاد تقسیم بندی می شوند.Çalışma Coinbase İçeriden Öğrenenlerin Ticareti Sorununun Önceden Düşünüldüğünden Daha Büyük Olduğunu Doğruladı
- Sidney'deki Teknoloji Üniversitesi'nde üç finans araştırmacısı tarafından yürütülen bir araştırma, Coinbase'in içeriden öğrenenlerin ticaretini kolaylaştırmaktan suçlu bulunduğunu iddia ediyor.
- Rapora göre, bu tür faaliyetler son 4 yılda 25% Coinbase listelemesinde gerçekleşti.
Avustralya, Sidney'deki Teknoloji Üniversitesi'nden üç araştırmacı, kısa süre önce kripto endüstrisinin, özellikle kripto borsası Coinbase'in “sistematik” içeriden öğrenenlerin ticareti ile dolu olduğunu iddia etti.
Henüz hakemli olmayan bir incelemede bildiri “Kripto Para Piyasalarında İçeriden Bilgi Alımı” başlıklı araştırmacılar, Eylül 2018 ile Mayıs 2022 arasında, San Francisco merkezli borsadaki kripto listelerinin 10–25%’sinde içeriden öğrenenlerin ticaretinin gerçekleştiğini tahmin ediyor. Araştırmacılar, bunun en az $1.5 milyon yasadışı kazançlara yol açtığını iddia ediyor.
"Bulgularımız henüz kovuşturulmamış davaları tespit ediyor"yazdılar.
Profesörler Ester Felez Vinas, Talis Putnins ve doktora adayı Luke Johnson'a göre, kripto para birimlerinde içeriden öğrenenlerin ticaretine ilişkin artan algı, bilgili potansiyel yatırımcıları şok edebilir. Rapor, “menkul kıymetleri ve diğer finansal araçları temsil etmenin kriptografik olarak güvenli yollarının benimsenmesini bile engelleyebileceğini” savundu.
Araştırmacılar 146'ya baktı madeni para tabanı token listeleri ve değerleri, kimlik kanıtı gerektirmeyen merkezi olmayan borsalarda (DEX'ler) bu tür varlıkların olağandışı ticaret modellerini not etmek için belirli bir süreyi kontrol etmek için her yeni listenin borsada yayınlanmasından 100 ila 300 saat önce.
Araştırmacılar, listeleme duyurusundan yaklaşık 250 saat önce "belirgin bir artış modeli" kaydettiler.
“Yükseliş, piyasaya giren yeni bilgiler ve tüccarların haberlere tepki vermesi nedeniyle fiyatta bir artış gördüğümüz listeleme duyurusu etkinliğine kadar devam ediyor. Gözlemlediğimiz artış modeli, borsalarda kovuşturulan içeriden öğrenenlerin ticareti vakalarındaki artışlarla tutarlı” dedi.rapor okur.
Coinbase listeleriyle ilgili olarak içeriden öğrenenlerin ticareti iddiaları zaten yapılmıştır. BitcoinWisdom'ın bildirdiği gibi, Ishan Wahi, bir Coinbase'de eski ürün müdürü, ABD Adalet Bakanlığı tarafından iki kişiyle birlikte içeriden öğrenenlerin ticareti iddiasıyla ilgili suçlamalarla suçlandı. Yetkililer, Wahi'nin kendisinin, kardeşinin ve bir arkadaşının Coinbase varlık listeleme duyurularının önceden bildirilmesini yasadışı bir şekilde kullandığı ve $1.1 milyon kar elde ettiği bir plana katıldığını iddia ediyor.
Bununla birlikte, Coinbase'den isimsiz bir temsilci Decrypt'e son çalışmanın içeriden öğrenenlerin ticareti hakkında yeterli kanıt sağlamadığını ve "sonuca vardığını" söyledi. Bununla birlikte, borsa "ön çalışma iddialarını inanılmaz derecede ciddiye alıyor" diye ekledi.
“Tüm piyasa katılımcılarının aynı bilgilere erişmesini sağlamak için çok çalışıyoruz. Bu çabanın bir parçası olarak, varlık testi ve entegrasyon adımları sırasında teknik sinyal olasılığını en aza indirecek adımlar atıyoruz. Coinbase sözcüsü, yasa dışı davranışlara sıfır tolerans gösteriyoruz ve uygun olduğunda soruşturmalar yürüterek bunu izliyoruz” dedi.Giudizio ampiamente positivo per questo libro. La fluidità della scrittura rende la lettura molto piacevole, e la descrizione dettagliata dei personaggi e delle situazioni ti proietta spesso all'interno della scena, come se la stessi guardando e non leggendo.
Ho già letto i romanzi precedenti di Alias, ma questo e' senza dubbio il migliore.Springhill Suites Las Cruces完美的位置提供快速通道至Old Mesilla Village，Las Cruces Community Theatre及Wet n' Wild Waterworld，只需20的步行。 拉斯克鲁塞斯城市中心和酒店之间的距离是5公里。
客房
酒店101间禁烟的客房配有私人保险箱，暖气，纯平电视，迷你酒吧和无线网络上网，也提供微波炉，咖啡壶/茶壶和冰箱。 所有的房间配有私人浴室，旅客可以使用淋浴和吹风机。
饮食
用餐选择包括每天早上提供的豪华的自助早餐。 饭馆餐谱里有地道饭菜。 Eddie's Bar & Grill及Santa FE Grill提供各种各样的地道菜，距离酒店200米。
服务
酒店给所有的客人提供汽车租赁服务。
休息
酒店提供健身房和健身中心。
因特网
整个酒店免費提供无线上网。
客户停车
现场免费提供公共酒店停车。Bu makaledeki ortak yazarlar Zora Degrandpre, ND. Dr. Zora Degrandpre Washington’da lisanslı bir Naturopati Doktoru’dur. Naturopati doktorluk derecesini Ulusal Doğal Tıp Fakültesi’nden 2007 yılında almıştır.
Bu makalede atıfta bulunulan 23 referans vardır ve bu referanslara sayfanın sonunda ulaşılabilir.
Bu makale 3.458 defa görüntülenmiştir.
Uçuklara, tip-1 herpes simpleks virüsü adı verilen bir viral enfeksiyon neden olur.[1] X Güvenliir Kaynak Mayo Clinic Kaynağa git Uçuklar vücudun farklı birçok yerinde çıkabilir ama en çok dudakların etrafında, yanaklarda ve burunda, nadir durumlarda da gözün içinde çıkar. İnsanların yaklaşık %50 ila %90’ı bu virüsü taşımaktadır ama çoğu kişi bu belirtileri hiç yaşamaz ya da farkına varmaz. Uçuk genellikle 2 ila 4 hafta içinde kendi kendine iyileşir ama hem ağrı yapabildiği hem de çirkin gözüktüğü için, iyileşme sürecini mümkün olduğunca hızlandırmak isteyebilirsin. Çoğu ev çözümü sağlam bilimsel delillere dayanmasa da halk arasında uçuk tedavisi için etkili sayılmaktadır.
Adımlar
Yöntem 1 / 5:
Doğal Tedaviler Kullanmak
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1Hidrojen peroksit kullan. Hidrojen peroksidin uçuğa neden olan viral enfeksiyonla savaşmaya ve yangıyı azaltmaya yardım edebilen antiseptik ve antiviral özellikleri vardır.[2] X Kaynağı araştır
- Bir parça pamuğu ya da pamuklu bir çubuğu 1 tatlı kaşığı (5 ml) hidrojen perokside batır ve 5 dakika boyunca doğrudan uçuğun üstünde beklet. Sonra yüzünü soğuk suyla nazikçe yıka, kullanılmış pamuğu da at.
- Hidrojen peroksidi sürerken yutmamaya dikkat et.
-
2Petrol jölesi ya da bal kullan. Uçuğun kuruduktan sonra, üstünü ilaçlı petrol jölesiyle, örneğin vazelinle kaplayarak koru. Bu, iyileşirken uçuğun nemli kalmasına ve temel olarak uçuğun üzerinde koruyucu bir tabaka oluşturarak cildinin çatlamasını önlemeye yardım edecektir.[3] X Kaynağı araştır Editors of Prevention, (2010),The Doctors Book of Home Remedies: Quick Fixes, Clever Techniques, and Uncommon Cures to Get You Feeling Better Fast, ISBN: 1605298662
- Petrol jölesini parmaklarınla sürme çünkü virüs, parmak uçlarına geçebilir. Onun yerine, uçuk iyileşene kadar petrol jölesini bir parça pamukla ya da pamuklu çubukla sür.
- Elinde hiç petrol jölesi yoksa biraz bal da kullanabilirsin. Balın, hem uçuğu başka tehditlere karşı koruyabilen hem de altta yatan virüsle savaşan antiviral ve antibakteriyel özellikleri vardır.[4] X Kaynağı araştır Pamuklu çubukla, uçuğun çıktığı yeri tamamen kaplayacak şekilde biraz bal sür.
-
3Uçuğa buz sür. Yangıyı azaltmak ve ağrıyı dindirmek için buz parçasını ya da buz torbasını birkaç dakika boyunca doğrudan uçuğun üstünde beklet. Bir buz parçası kullanıyorsan kendi rahatın için bir beze sarabilirsin. Soğuk, ağrıyı dindirene kadar buzlu yüzeyi uçuğa bastır ve kısa bir süre sonra çek. Buzu, uçuğun üstünde uzun süre bekletme. Bu işlemi 1 ila 3 saatte bir tekrarla.[5] X Kaynağı araştır Editors of Prevention, (2010),The Doctors Book of Home Remedies: Quick Fixes, Clever Techniques, and Uncommon Cures to Get You Feeling Better Fast, ISBN: 1605298662
- Bunu, sadece uçuk yeniyken yapman gerektiğini unutma. Uçuk zaten açıldıysa buz, lezyona giden kan dolaşımını yavaşlatarak (ve kanın iyileştirici özelliğini azaltarak) iyileşme sürecini yavaşlatabilir.
-
4Ekinezyayı dene. Ekinezya çayının, bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirdiğine, böylece uçukla savaşırken vücudunun doğal bağışıklık tepkisini desteklediğine inanılır. 1 ekinezya poşet çayını, yeni kaynatılmış 1 su bardağı (240 ml) suya koyup 10 dakika beklet. Çayı hazır olduğunda iç. Uçuk geçinceye kadar bu çayı günde bir kez iç.
- Bağışıklığını güçlendirmek için günde 4 defaya kadar 300 miligramlık ekinezya takviyesi de alabilirsin.
- Önce bir doktora ya da pediyatri uzmanına danışmadan çocuğuna ekinezya verme.
- Otoimmün hastalıkları olan, diyabet, tüberküloz, bağ dokusu hastalıkları, multiple skleroz hastalığı, karaciğer sorunları olan, HIV taşıyan ya da AIDS hastası olan kişiler, ekinezyayı tedbirli bir şekilde kullanmalıdırlar.
- Papatya ailesindeki bitkilere alerjisi olan kişilerin ekinezyaya da alerjisi olabilir.
-
5Limon otu kullan. Araştırmalar limon otunun, uçuğun kızarıklığını ve yangıyı azaltmak ve enfeksiyonların tekrarlama riskini düşürmek için çözüm olabileceği görüşünü büyük oranda destekliyor. Limon otu, uykusuzluğu, kaygıyı ve hazımsızlığı tedavi etmek için de kullanılır. Limon otunda kas kramplarını azaltan, dokuları rahatlatan ve bakterileri öldüren öjenol vardır. Limon otunun yapraklarından yapılan esansiyel yağlarda, terpen adı verilen bitki kimyasalları bulunur ve bunlar da bu bitkinin rahatlatıcı ve antiviral özelliklerinde rol oynuyor olabilir. Limon otu, çoğu aktarda ve doğal gıda ürünü satan dükkânlarda beslenme takviyesi, topikal krem, tentür ve bitki çayı şeklinde mevcuttur.[6] X Kaynağı araştır Editors of Prevention, (2010),The Doctors Book of Home Remedies: Quick Fixes, Clever Techniques, and Uncommon Cures to Get You Feeling Better Fast, ISBN: 1605298662
- Uçuk çıkan yere günde 3 defaya kadar limon otu merhemi sür. Alternatif olarak, ¼ tatlı kaşığı (yaklaşık 0,2 g) kurutulmuş limon otunu 1 su bardağı (240 ml) ılık suda (80-85 °C) 3 ila 5 dakika bekleterek limon otu çayı yap. Çayı süz; hiç şeker eklemeden, bekletmeden iç. Ek olarak, 1 tatlı kaşığı (5 ml) limon otu çayını bir parça pamuğa döküp uçuğuna sürebilirsin.
- Limon otu kremini topikal olarak sürmenin çocuklar için güvenli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çocuğun ya da bebeğin için tavsiye edilen dozu belirlemek için, aile hekiminle ya da bir pediyatri uzmanıyla konuşmalısın.
-
6Doğal bir yağ ya da öz sürmeyi dene. Bazı doğal yağların ve özlerin antiseptik özellikleri vardır ve uçuğa doğrudan sürüldüklerinde buna neden olan virüsle savaşabilir. Diğerlerininse damarları büzücü özellikleri vardır, böylece uçuk bölgesini kurutup enfeksiyonun başlamasını ve uçuğu kötüleştirmesini engeller.[7] X Kaynağı araştır
- Nane yağı, enfeksiyon bölgesinden kaçan virüsleri hedef alabilir ve bu da uçuklara karşı faydalı olmasını sağlar.[8] X Güvenliir Kaynak PubMed Central Kaynağa git Pamuklu çubuğu nane yağına batır ve uçuğa sür. Bunu, uçuk iyileşinceye kadar günde iki kez yap.
- Cadı fındığı yağı, damar büzücü ve antiseptiktir. Pamuklu çubuğu, 1 tatlı kaşığı (5 ml) cadı fındığına batır ve doğrudan uçuğa sür. Suyla yıkama. Bu tedaviyi günde bir ya da iki kez uygula.
- Gerçek vanilya özü, alkol bazlıdır ve virüsün yaşamasını zorlaştırır. Pamuklu çubuğu 1/2 tatlı kaşığı (2,5 ml) vanilya özüne batır ve doğrudan uçuğa bastırıp 1-2 dakika beklet. Bunu, günde 4 defaya kadar yap.
- Hem çay ağacı yağı hem de sarımsak yağı, uçukların yumuşak kalmasını sağlayarak iyileşme sürecine yardım edebilir. Yumuşak bir uçuğun açılması daha düşük bir ihtimaldir. Günde bir ya da iki kez uçuğa doğrudan iki yağdan birinden biraz sür.
-
7Ravent ve adaçayı merhemi sür. Araştırmalar, gramında 23 miligram ravent özü ve aynı miktarda adaçayı özü bulunan topikal bir krem uygulamanın, uçuk tedavisinde en az reçeteli ilaçlar kadar etkili olduğunu gösteriyor.[9] X Güvenliir Kaynak Mayo Clinic Kaynağa git [10] X Kaynağı araştır Saller R, Buechi S, Meyrat R, et al. Combined herbal preparation for topical treatment of Herpes labialis. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2001;8:373-382. Bunu doğal ve sağlıklı ürünler satan dükkânlarda bulabilirsin. Merhemi, pamuklu çubuğa bezelye tanesi büyüklüğünde sık ve uçuğa sür.
- Kullanmadan önce doktoruna, ravent ve adaçayının bebekler ve 5 yaşından küçük çocuklar için güvenli olup olmadığını sor.
-
8Meyan kökü merhemi yap. Meyan kökünde bulunan glisirizik asit, buradaki en önemli içeriktir. Yangı önleyici ve antiviral özellikleri vardır ve belirtileri azaltıp virüs üretimini durdurur.[11] X Kaynağı araştır
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pianura permette l'invio delle informazioni: programmi della città, tracce e più, all'interno ed all'esterno.
La gamma del SEGNALE di TF è inoltre ideale per l'omogeneizzazione della zona ed il regolamento delle pubblicità per eliminare “l'invio selvaggio„.跳过租用指南
欢迎来到最终的A-Z指南，以雇用跳过。这包括最高评价的Skip租用公司的联系方式以及他们提供的共同服务的细分。您还可以找到有关可用的跳过类型和尺寸的更多信息，如何最好地使用它们以及如何在雇用时获得最优惠的价格。
在您附近找到当地的跳过雇用
要查看当地的Skip雇用，请搜索您的位置：
英国高度评价的跳过租赁公司
以下英国跳过租赁公司获得了当地社区的最高评级。
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巴恩斯·弗兰克（Darwen）有限公司1 1 501254 702748希望米尔斯，达尔文，，，，达尔文，，，，BB32PN更多信息
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Star Skips Ltd5 5 5020 8897 4777601 Bath Rd，，，，Hounslow，，，，TW59UU
Star Skips提供快速，可靠的跳过租用服务更多信息
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Hurleys跳过雇用5 5 501707 656086第24单元Cranborne Road工业区，，，，陶工吧，，，，en63jn
自1984年以来，本地可靠的SKIP服务 - 家庭经营。更多信息
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Mainsway Ltd5 5 50151 321 8472Huyton的第18单元Brickfields，，，，利物浦，，，，L366HY更多信息
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狄金森跳过5 5 501706 661612公司路，，，，罗奇代尔，，，，OL114EU
罗奇代尔及周边地区可靠的跳过雇用更多信息
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Beefy的跳过1 1 501793 72222720 Sams Lane，，，，布伦斯登，，，，SN267AY更多信息
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废物王Skip Hir＆Man＆Van Rubbish Clearance5 5 50370 343 9990Rougham的Rougham工业庄园5号林地商业园，，，，Bury St. Edmunds，，，，IP309ND
致电我们免费获得废物王的竞争废物管理服务更多信息
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考特兰兹跳过和废物管理3 3 501279 306050铁路壁板，东北爱丁堡路，，，，哈洛，，，，CM202SL
同一天以有竞争力的价格跳过租金 - 所有区域涵盖。更多信息
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图卢兹工厂雇用有限公司2 2 50800 783 573455-71 Norman Rd，，，，伦敦，，，，SE109QF更多信息
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B＆P废料公司有限公司4 4 501708 865377新路，，，，雷纳姆，，，，RM139EB
来自B＆P Scrap Co Ltd的顶级跳过雇员，遍布埃塞克斯更多信息
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一切走了5 5 501642 89736924 Dunstable Road，，，，米德尔斯堡，，，，TS54AL更多信息
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S B废物管理1 1 501902 459900地块17-18 Littleton Drive，，，，坎诺克，，，，WS124TR
Skip Hire和回收专家更多信息
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A垃圾清除1 1 507795 0403804惠勒斯院子，特林路，长马斯顿，，，，tring，，，，HP234FL
赫特福德郡的家庭和商业垃圾和废物收藏更多信息
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迷你跳过1 1 501256 520134安多弗，，，，SP116LU
在安多弗（Andover）更多信息
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便宜的垃圾清除5 5 507966 4044554 Ashwood Drive，，，，奥尔德姆，，，，OL25TW
最便宜，最好的垃圾去除奥尔德姆！我们为您移动！更多信息
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C W跳过1 1 50800 234 3567Hower Place/Priors Leaze La，汉堡，，，，奇切斯特，，，，PO188RQ更多信息
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移动！男子和货车租赁5 5 501525 23799926a鸟山荒地，到达，，，，莱顿·巴扎德（Leighton Buzzard），，，，lu70aq
暴民07956 434919-拆卸，垃圾和房屋清除。更多信息
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ACE跳过雇用5 5 501753 664422Waterside Trading estateTrumpers waysing，，，，伦敦，，，，W72QA
Mini，Midi和Maxi Skip Hire -Bucks，Berks，Surrey，Middlesex和London更多信息
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Skip-A-Hoy Ltd5 5 501708 474030Ongar Road的5单元Hatch Park Farm，，，，删节，，，，RM41AA
本地 - 可靠 - 竞争 - 当天跳过。更多信息
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C.H.Middleton Ltd.5 5 501302 79959465-71 Sprotbrough路，，，，唐卡斯特，，，，DN58BW
- 唐卡斯利·巴恩斯利·罗瑟勒姆·南约克郡更多信息
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Wolverhampton Skip Hire Ltd5 5 501902 581693银行街，，，，沃尔夫汉普顿，，，，WV109DU
Wolverhampton的原始Skip Hir Company更多信息
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J J Miller1 1 501302 460224跳山巷Dunscroft，，，，唐卡斯特，，，，DN74JX
J J Miller的快速，可靠和友好的跳过雇用！更多信息
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Mercian Skip租用Midlands Ltd1 1 501527 280067量子农场，翠鸟购物中心，Redditch，，，，B974EQ更多信息
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Haulaway Ltd1 1 501323 441396总理房屋，，，，Hailsham，，，，BN273WA更多信息
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A Y S Skip Hire Ltd1 1 501258 857977奥斯汀院，Sturminster Marshall，温伯恩，，，，BH214AD更多信息
什么是跳跃？
跳过通常通过其独特的梯形形状和通常黄色来识别 - 尽管其他颜色并不少见。
它通常被称为一个大型敞开的容器，其设计的方式使其能够将其抬起并轻松地抬起到卡车上，然后才能被带到垃圾填埋场以被清空。对于搬家或从事大型财产或花园工作的人们来说，这是安全有效地处理废物的一种简单有效的方式。
跳过也可以有很多尺寸，空无一人的典型国内跳过约250公斤。但是，由于限制，携带跳过的卡车只能在包括废物的时候携带约8000公斤。
为什么跳过叫跳过？
跳过的起源被称为跳过，它的根源是旧的英语单词sceppe或skep，它指的是篮子，随着时间的流逝，这进展为跳过。如今，在参考各种尺寸时，经常使用Skip一词，并且是所有类型的全术语。
Skip Hire如何工作？
在跳过雇用方面的标准做法可能会因公司而异。
通常，您会讨论需要跳过的东西，要摆脱多少浪费以及您可能希望去除的材料。一家好的跳过租用公司将建议您可能需要的跳过的大小，并告知您将Skip带入您的物业所包含的总费用。这将使您在将其从您的财产中删除并正确处理废物之前将其填充所需的时间。
如果您的情况发生变化或需要更多时间，最好的办法就是与Skip Hir Company讨论您的选择。他们可能能够容纳，要么让您跳过更长的时间，要么在需要时将其交换更大的。
为什么我需要跳过？
您可能想雇用跳过的原因有很多。
在房屋移动期间，通常会雇用跳过，以摆脱大量物品。这可能是由于很难移动它们，或者是因为新属性内可用的空间有限。如果您正在进行大量的装饰或翻新工作，例如新厨房或对花园进行重大更改时，您可能还需要跳过。
跳过可以容纳各种不同的材料甚至土壤，但是您必须在收到它之前打算将您打算放入的材料通知Skip Hir Company。
通常，跳过不仅用于处理大量的废物清除，而且还可以在废物处理地点收取昂贵的费用，如果您决定自己取消，则可能会遇到的费用。跳过雇用的成本可以削弱这些成本，并提出一种在不损失巨额损失的情况下消除不需要物品的财务上可行的方式。
要问一家跳过租赁公司
在预订跳过方面，您要确保不仅要在大小方面，而且要摆脱材料，还要确保您有正确的跳过。
因此，在与Skip Hir Company交谈时，请确保您要求他们提供有关您可能需要的跳过尺寸的指导可以放置在您要雇用的跳过中。
获取有关放置在何处的建议至关重要，因为它被放下了，您将无法移动它。
提出这些基本问题将使您不仅可以理解您可以处理什么以及在何处放置跳过，还可以提前减轻任何未来的问题。
跳过多少钱？
跳过有很多尺寸，从小型2码迷你跳过到通行的大型40码滚动版本。后者可以相对容易地容纳大量的废物。
为了给您一个更好的主意，跳过以立方码来衡量，一个立方码可以容纳大约一吨废物。因此，2码迷你运动员能够占据2000公斤左右的大约2000公斤，最大的国内跳跃能够达到7000千克的速度。
我可以超负荷跳过吗？
简而言之，不。有很多原因使您不应该超负荷，许多人关注健康和安全。例如，许多国内跳过仅限于持有价值约7000公斤至8000kg的材料，这是因为大多数卡车在装载的容器中载有8吨材料。
他们还需要覆盖跳过的顶部，以防止松散的碎屑进入道路或其他车辆。超负荷的跳过将防止安装此纸。
如果跳过对您来说太小，那么您需要与所选的Skip Hir Company讨论您的选择。您可能会发现，雇用更大或第二次跳过是避免将来的任何问题的正确方法，从长远来看，这可以节省您的钱和头痛。
我需要什么尺寸的跳过？
您需要的跳过的大小将完全取决于您需要放入的内容。有一系列的跳过尺寸选项，许多国内跳跃在两码和四十码之间，范围为两到八吨，价值填充浪费的能力。
无论您是否需要放入一般废物，木材，木材，金属或土壤中。
我可以跳过什么？
通常，您可以将各种各样的物品放入跳跃中。但是，还有许多包含您可能想知道的危险或危险材料的项目，例如：
- 电视
- 计算机监视器
- 轮胎
- 冰箱
- 画
- 石棉
- 床垫
- 石膏板
如果您不确定，最好的做法是讨论要与所选的Skip Hir Company进行跳过的物品，以确保您不会浪费时间和金钱。
跳过多少钱？
在许多因素上，跳过雇用的成本会有所不同。
对于初学者来说，您希望消除的废物类型可以具有轴承，您需要租用跳过的时间。根据该地区的不同，可能会有比率变化，尽管在Skip Hoile Company的成本将当地当局摆脱废物时，城市城市可能比农村地区的成本高于农村地点，但也会对成本。
一般而言，8码跳过的成本在包括增值税在内的200到300英镑之间变化。但是，这个价格将在各个地区波动。
我在哪里可以找到推荐的跳过租赁公司？
如果您正在寻找推荐的跳过租赁公司，那么您在正确的位置。您需要做的就是访问我们跳过雇用页面并在您当地寻找一家跳过租赁公司。从那里，您将能够找到您附近所有本地SKIP提供商的联系方式和以前的客户评论。Sergio Marchionne, ad di FCA e presidente Ferrari, ha due obiettivi sportivi per il triennio 2016-2018: vincere il mondiale di F1 con la ‘rossa’ e riportare nella competizione iridata l’Alfa Romeo. Il destino di Maranello e del Biscione tornano dunque a incrociarsi davanti a una bandiera a scacchi. Nella sua prima corsa vinta su una Alfa Romeo, Enzo Ferrari ricevette la spilla di un cavallino rampante con la richiesta di metterlo in futuro sulle sue vetture come portafortuna (diventò il simbolo della ‘rossa’) e fu proprio la scuderia del Drake a sancire nel 1951 l’uscita dal mondo del biscione dalla F1. “Quando nel 1951 González su Ferrari – disse una volta il fondatore della casa automobilistica di Maranello – per la prima volta nella storia dei nostri confronti diretti, si lasciò alle spalle la ‘159’ e l’intera squadra dell’Alfa, io piansi di gioia, ma mescolai alle lacrime di entusiasmo anche lacrime di dolore, perché quel giorno pensai: ho ucciso mia madre.” Ora, dopo 60 anni, la fatal Ferrari potrebbe regalare al biscione la sua terza vita in F1 (dopo il 1951 tornò nel campionato iridato come scuderia fra fine anni 70 e metà degli 80). «Il marchio Alfa Romeo, è incredibile come resti nel cuore della gente – ha dichiarato Sergio Marchionne – Proprio per questo stiamo pensando a un suo ritorno, come nostro avversario, in Formula 1. Sarà un competitore in più.”
L. B.This is one of the most massive churches in Detroit. For many decades it was the home of the oldest Protestant congregation in Michigan. As the city's population grew slowly in the years after the stalemate ended the War of 1812, Father Gabriel Richard found himself ministering to Protestants as well as Catholics. He, territorial governor Lewis Cass, and Judge Augustus Woodward convinced a young graduate of the Princeton Theological Seminarythe Reverend John Montiethto come to Detroit in 1817. Reverend Montieth was the first Protestant minister to work in Detroit and served as the first president of the Catholoepistmied that Father Richard foundedthe school that became the University of Michigan. Churches have traditionally carried out charitable work. First Presbyterian is the congregation that founded Harper Hospital in the 19th century.
Detroit Protestants, presumably under the leadership of Reverend Monteith, formed the First Evangelical Society. I believe this evolved into First Presbyterian Church. In 1825, that organization was formally chartered by the territorial government. By that time, Reverend Monteith was no longer in Detroit. I believe he left in 1821 to take a job teaching school in the east and then moved on to become a professor at Hamilton College in Clinton, New York. John Monteith lived until almost 1880 but, after leaving Detroit, I think he had no further contact with the University where he served asw president or the Presbyterian congregation that he helped establish in Detroit.
The Presbyterians held services in the early- and mid-Nineteenth Century in several location in downtown Detroit but that land appreciated in value. Just as the Catholics found that they could sell the property that held their St. Anne de Detroit Church and raise funds to build elsewhere, so too, the Presbyterians sold their land in downtown Detroit and purchased the property you see at Woodward and Edmund Place.
This edifice may be the finest work of the Detroit architects George DeWitt Mason and Zecariah Rice. Henry Hobson Richardson is thought by many to be the nation's most accomplished architect of the late 19th century. First Presbyterian in Detroit is modeled after Hobson's Trinity Church in Boston. Apparently the Detroit architect traveled to Boston to study the design of Trinity Church. It is a large red rough-cut stone building. The substance is red Portage limestone from Houghton. The interior is in the form of a Greek cross. In the Greek cross, all four arms are of the same length but the Latin cross—used as a model for many Gothic churches—has three short and one long arm. Huge masonry arches support a massive tower in red sandstone that is buttressed by substantial turrets at each corner. This tower—90 feet in height—is capped with a steep slate roof with gabled dormers. This church includes an exceptional array of stained glass windows, many but not all of them, by Tiffany. One of the most impressive shows the Star of David surrounded by the tongues of fire that descended upon the Apostles as they gathered together the day of Pentecost. Another window commemorates the first sermon that the Reverend Montieth gave in Detroit. And there is a window displaying John on the island of Patmos writing the last and most mysterious book of the BibleRevelations.
In 1936, Woodward was widened and the beautiful tripled-arched entrance porch with its elaborate carvings was moved from the Woodward face of the church to the Edmund Place side. That is, the enterance was changed from Woodward to Edmund Place. I think that a variety of other structural changes were made at that time
Membership in this congregation declined after World War II and, in 1990, this church merged with Westminister Presbyterian located at the intersection of Hubbell Street and West Outer Drive in Northwest Detroit. The Ecumenical Theological Seminary was founded in Detroit in 1990. Two years later they rented First Presbyterian Church to serve as their home campus. Ten years later, the Presbyterians gave this distinctive church, designed more than century earlier,
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set -. Sarà essenziale fornire un facile accesso a informazioni chiare sulle misure di salute e sicurezza in aeroporto e potenziali ritardi a causa di misure e procedure di sicurezza modificate". O. D.In simple terms, we can think of embodied Carbon as, ‘The Carbon Footprint of a material’ whereas Carbon footprint relates to the ‘operational footprint’ which is the energy used to run a process, heat, and light a building, or the Carbon emissions produced when driving your car.
Carbon Footprint versus Embodied Carbon
Carbon footprint is a term we have become very familiar with in recent years. However, understanding and taking the Carbon life-cycle into account will help drive change in future designs, where all Carbon emissions are considered. Whether you are designing an EV car, passenger plane, or the next medical device, critical design thinking focussed on the whole Carbon life-cycle is certainly the right path to help reduce waste, drive the circular economy forward and halt climate change.
Embodied Carbon figures can be much higher than Carbon footprint, accounting for between 20-50% of the total life energy used. What is also important to understand is that is unlike operational Carbon emissions, where emission reduction is possible with efficiency improvements, embodied Carbon cannot be reversed? So, reducing our dependence and usage of material extracted from the earth is vital.
Embodied Carbon assessment looks at the entire Carbon emission content from cradle to grave. The material being used, the extraction process, transportation, and the final processing methods used to create the final product. What is also important to consider is the potential benefits offered by certain material choices. Materials that aid insulation for example, or light-weighting materials that help reduce energy consumption. Materials that extend product life or enable repair, recycle and reuse, all help to reduce overall energy usage and emissions.
The diagram below helps explain more about embodied Carbon and the Carbon life-cycle when applied to construction.
Image courtesy of the Circular Ecology
Call to Action
The first call to action must be to just use less and waste less.
Repair, reuse and repurpose are exactly what the circular economy strives for and what we should all follow when making decisions, whether it’s for personal or business consumption.
If you are interested in learning more, both the EllenMacarthur Foundation and Circular Ecology are a fantastic source of info and include an Inventory of Carbon and Energy Database which can be consulted when making material selections.
Specifically relating to plastics, check out the report from Plastics Europe which encourages both policymakers and designers to consider not just renewable raw materials, but to consider the ‘life-cycle thinking’ approach.
At Midas, to help mitigate the embodied Carbon within our polyurethane moulding and associated tooling, we have two strategies:
- To work with our Clients to help them reduce material in their mouldings.
- Partnered with a local afforestation program - The Forest of Martson Vale.
Our work with our Customers will help us reduce the immediate Carbon impact, whilst our partnership with the Forest of the Marston Vale enables Midas to offset Carbon emissions and remain a net-zero emitter of Carbon. Our work may also benefit our Customers Carbon emissions.
'Thinking Globally and Acting Locally’
The Forest of Marston Vale (FoMV), an area covering 61 square miles around the Bedford region, has ambitious aims to increase tree coverage from just 3% up to 30%. In a densely populated area, this will provide much-needed habitat for local wildlife whilst providing a space of relaxation for all its visitors. Currently, the FoMV team is making fantastic progress with around 16% tree coverage but there is still a lot of work to do.
An additional 5 million trees need to be funded, planted, and maintained to hit their target and as part of our agreement, a further 500 trees can be planted and managed alongside future investments in PUI’s which overtime, will mature into trees that can also help absorb harmful CO2 emissions.
Image Courtesy of The Forest of Marston Vale
Our policy of ‘Thinking Globally and Acting Locally’ has driven our partnership with the FoMV. Whilst we could look further afield to the Gold Standards which help develop and support various Carbon mitigation projects around the world, it made sense to support local efforts. To help improve the environment, where we live and work so everyone can visit and benefit from the woodland trails and improved natural environment.مثلث مالی : حمید تاجیک / رییس هیات مدیره بانک صادرات ایران
نسبت کفایت سرمایه یکی از مهمترین شاخص های سنجش سلامت عملکرد و ثبات مالی یک بانک است که از تقسیم سرمایه نظارتی به مجموع دارایی های موزون به ریسک حاصل می شود و نشانگر این مسئله است که آیا سرمایه بانک می تواند ریسک های ناشی از فعالیت های آن را پوشش دهد یا خیر؟
کمیته بازل در سال ۱۹۸۸ استاندارد نحوه محاسبه کفایت سرمایه بانک ها موسوم به بازل ۱ را منتشر کرد. طبق این استاندارد، حداقل نسبت کفایت سرمایه ۸ درصد اعلام شد و وزن ریسک دارایی ها نیز با استفاده از رویکرد پایه تعیین گردید. با توجه به مجموعه محدودیت های بازل ۱ و نیز گسترش سطح پیچیدگی بازارهای مالی که ارتباط تنگاتنگی با سیستم بانکی داشت، در سال ۱۹۹۹ کمیته بازل چارچوب جدیدی را با هدف ارتقای ثبات و سلامت سیستم های بانکی و حفظ سطح مناسب سرمایه ارائه کرد ،که منجر به تدوین چارچوب مقررات بازل ۲ شد. مقررات بازل ۲ ،تغییراتی را نیز در محاسبات دارایی های موزون شده به ریسک به وجود آورد. شکلگیری بحران مالی در سال های ۲۰۰۷ و ۲۰۰۸ میلادی که به بخش بانکی سرایت کرد، باعث کاهش سطح ثبات و سلامت این بخش شد. لذا با توجه به عدم موفقیت مقررات بازل ۲ در دستیابی به اهداف اولیه از جمله تضمین سلامت و ثبات سیستم بانکی و نیز وقوع بحران مالی که حاکی از عدم کفایت سطوح سرمایه نهادهای بانکی و پایین آمدن کیفیت سرمایه بانک ها بود، تغییراتی در قوانین و مقررات بازل ایجاد شد و آخرین نظرات و پیشنهادهای این کمیته در قالب بازل ۳ در دسامبر ۲۰۱۰ و نسخه ویرایش شده آن را در ژوئن ۲۰۱۱ ارائه شد. در واقع بیانیه بازل ۳ سری جامعی از اقدامات اصلاحی است که به منظور تقویت مقررات، نظارت و مدیریت ریسک تدوین شده است.
بانک مرکزی جمهوری اسلامی ایران در تیرماه سال ۱۳۹۶ در برنامه اصلاح نظام بانکی و با رویکرد افزایش انطباق پذیری شبکه بانکی با رهیافت ها و استانداردهای نوین نظارت بانکی و مختصات کشور، با بهره گیری از استاندارد کفایت سرمایه برای مؤسسات ارائه دهنده خدمات مالی اسلامی- منتشره توسط هیأت خدمات مالی اسلامی در سال ۲۰۱۳ و اسناد بازل ۲ و ۳ منتشره توسط کمیته نظارت بانکی بازل و همچنین بررسی مقررات سایر کشورها در این رابطه؛ دستورالعمل محاسبه سرمایه نظارتی و کفایت سرمایه مؤسسات اعتباری را تدوین و به شبکه بانکی کشور ابلاغ کرد و نسخه های اصلاح شده آن در اردیبهشت سال ۱۳۹۷ و در نهایت در اسفند سال ۱۳۹۸ مجدداً ابلاغ شد که نسخه اخیر کامل تر بوده و با مختصات اقتصادی کشور تناسب بیشتری دارد.
عمده تغییرات نسخه اصلاحی جدید عبارت است از:
- حذف سرقفلی محل کسب و پیشه از اقلام دارایی های نامشهود و عدم لحاظ سرقفلی مذکور در کسورات سرمایه لایه یک؛
- لحاظ نمودن حداکثر ۴۵ درصد مبلغ حاصل از تجدید ارزیابی دارایی ها در سرمایه لایه دو در چارچوب مفاد دستورالعمل و حذف دوره گذار تعیین شده؛
- اعمال تغییراتی در تعدیلات نظارتی مربوط به سرمایه گذاری ها در جهت انطباق با دستورالعمل سرمایه گذاری مؤسسات اعتباری؛
- کاهش ضرایب ریسک برخی از ارقام دارایی های بالای خط ترازنامه به ویژه تسهیلات اعطایی در قالب عقود مشارکتی؛
- کاهش ضریب ریسک مطالبات از دولت و شرکت های دولتی و یا به تضمین آنها؛
- کاهش ضریب ریسک مطالبات از مؤسسات اعتباری.
علاوه بر این برخی دیگر از سؤالات و موارد مطروحه از سوی شبکه بانکی که حاکی از برداشت و استنباط ناصحیح از مفاد دستورالعمل بوده است؛ در نسخه اصلاحی از سوی بانک مرکزی توضیح داده شده است.
مطابق الزامات ناظر، حداقل نسبت کفایت سرمایه هشت درصد می باشد. بانک های اصل ۴۴ تا پایان سال ۱۴۰۳ مهلت دارند که نسبت سرمایه لایه یک به دارایی موزون شده به ریسک را به ۴,۵ درصد برسانند و سایر بانک ها و مؤسسات اعتباری تا سال ۱۴۰۱ مهلت دارند تا به این نسبت ( سرمایه لایه یک به دارایی موزون شده به ریسک؛ حداقل ۴,۵ درصد ) برسند.
اتخاذ سیاستگذاری های مناسب برای دستیابی به حداقل نسبت کفایت سرمایه اجتناب ناپذیر است. در صورت وجود زیان انباشته، کاهش آن با سرعت و شیب تند و افزایش سودآوری سالانه در برنامه های عملیاتی ضرورت دارد.
کاهش سود سپرده ها، بهای تمام شده پول را در بانک ها کاهش داده و منجر به کاهش هزینه های بانک می شود؛ در نتیجه می تواند سودآوری بانک و نسبت کفایت سرمایه را افزایش دهد. این امر در صورتی تحقق می یابد که نرخ مؤثر تسهیلات نیز با بهای تمام شده پول متناسب باشد.
ساختار تشکیل دهنده سرمایه نظارتی به شرح زیر است:
در راستای افزایش نسبت کفایت سرمایه، توجه به صورت کسر و افزایش سرمایه بانک از محل آورده های نقدی سهامداران و افزایش سودآوری بسیار مهم تلقی می شود. از سوی دیگر؛ تجزیه و تحلیل دارایی های موزون به ریسک برای بانک ها بسیار مهم است؛ چرا که هرچه مخرج کسر نسبت کفایت سرمایه کاهش یابد، میزان این نسبت افزایش خواهد یافت.
بخش عمده ای از مخرج کسر نسبت کفایت سرمایه از دارایی های موزون به ریسک اعتباری تشکیل میشود ( معمولا حدود ۸۰ الی ۹۰ درصد). به تبع، دارایی های موزون به ریسک بازار و ریسک عملیاتی که سهم کمتری را در مخرج نسبت کفایت سرمایه دارا هستند، نقش کمرنگ تری را نیز در بهبود یا تضعیف نسبت کفایت سرمایه ایفا می نمایند. بنابراین توجه به اصلاح مستمر ساختار دارایی های برای بهبود نسبت کفایت سرمایه از جمله اقدامات اساسی محسوب می گردد.
دارایی های اعتباری با استفاده از ارزش وثائق تعدیل می شوند و بر اساس ریسک مترتب بر آن ها، موزون به ریسک می شوند. به عنوان مثال ضریب ریسک مطالبات از بانک ها و سایر مؤسسات اعتباری ۵۰ درصد و ضریب ریسک مطالبات از دولت صفر در نظر گرفته می شود.
بدون در نظر گرفتن ارزش تعدیلی وثائق، تسهیلات اعطایی مشارکتی به اشخاص حقیقی و حقوقی غیر بورسی نسبت به تسهیلات اعطایی در قالب غیر مشارکتی ضریب ریسک بالاتری دارد. لذا اعطای تسهیلات غیر مشارکتی و مشارکتی به شرکت های بورسی می تواند باعث کاهش دارایی های موزون به ریسک اعتباری و اصلاح تدریجی نسبت کفایت سرمایه شود. همچنین باید توجه داشت که تسهیلات اعطایی غیر مشارکتی خرد (اصل تسهیلات حداکثر ۲۰ میلیارد ریال) ضریب ریسک کمتری دارد.
در این راستا، اثر تعدیلی وثائق نیز می باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد. اعطای تسهیلات و ایجاد تعهدات به پشتوانه وثائقی که ضریب تعدیل بالاتری دارد، می تواند منجر به افزایش دارایی های موزون به ریسک اعتباری و متعاقباً کاهش نسبت کفایت سرمایه شود. عدم توجه به این امر، هدفگذاری های صحیح بانک مرکزی را تحت تأثیر قرار می دهد.
برخی از پیشنهادهایی که می توان برای کاهش دارایی های موزون به ریسک اعتباری و تقویت نسبت کفایت سرمایه در دستور کار قرار داد، به شرح ذیل میباشد:
- در سیاست گذاری های اعطای تسهیلات و ایجاد تعهدات، ضوابط وثائق مورد بازنگری قرار گیرد و تنها وثایق کاهنده ریسک اعتباری مورد پذیرش قرار گیرد .
- برای اعطای تسهیلات و ایجاد تعهدات حتی الامکان وثائقی نظیر چک، سفته و قرارداد لازم الاجرا ملاک عمل قرار نگیرد.
- از آنجا که ضریب ریسک تسهیلات مشارکتی برای اشخاص حقوقی بورسی از غیربورسی کمتر است، اصلح است این موضوع در اعطای تسهیلات مشارکتی مد نظر قرار گیرد و به منظور کنترل و کاهش دارایی های موزون به ریسک اعتباری، اعطای تسهیلات مشارکتی به اشخاص حقیقی و حقوقی غیر بورسی در شرایط پوشش با وثائق با قدرت کاهندگی زیاد ریسک اعتباری صورت پذیرد.
- یکی از موارد قابل توجه در کنترل و کاهش دارایی های موزون به ریسک اعتباری آن است که صرفاً تمرکز را بر روی کنترل و کاهش مطالبات مشکوک الوصول که به نوعی دارایی سمی تلقی می شوند، معطوف نکنیم؛ بلکه توجه ویژه ای نیز به پیشگیری از ایجاد مطالبات سررسید گذشته و معوق مبذول نمائیم.
- شناسایی و گزارش ماهانه ۱۰۰ مشتری برتر تسهیلاتی (طبق بخشنامه های بانک مرکزی ) در دستور کار قرار گیرد و به ویژه مشتریانی که سوابق طولانی همکاری با بانک داشته و به نوعی مراوده سودمند با بانک دارند با اعمال سیاست های تشویقی و ترغیبی متقاعد گردند تا فرآیند ورود به بورس را انجام دهند. علت این کار اثرگذاری بر میزان دارایی های موزون شده به ریسک اعتباری است. بدیهی است با امکاناتی که بانک ها دارند مانند شرکت های تأمین سرمایه این مسیر هموار می گردد.
در مجموع این نکته مد نظر قرار می گیرد که اعطای تسهیلات با ضریب ریسک بالاتر، موجب افزایش دارایی های موزون به ریسک اعتباری می شود. این افزایش در نهایت مخرج نسبت کفایت سرمایه را افزایش می دهد و شرایط احراز حداقل نسبت کفایت سرمایه را برای بانک دشوار می کند، مگر آنکه با انتخاب وثائق مناسب و با استفاده از اثر تعدیلی وثائق از افزایش دارایی های موزن به ریسک اعتباری پیشگیری شود.
پیش از این اشاره شد که بانک ها باید نسبت به دریافت وثائقی اقدام کنند که کاهنده ریسک اعتباری هستند. اما این وثائق کدامند؟ برخی از مهمترین این دسته از وثائق به شرح ذیل می باشند که هریک از آنها ضریب تعدیل مربوط به خود را دارد:
- وثائق و تضامین نقد و شبه نقد نظیر مسکوکات و شمش طلا ، سپرده قرض الحسنه پس انداز، سپرده سرمایه گذاری کوتاه مدت، سپرده سرمایه گذاری بلندمدت، گواهی سپرده سرمایه گذاری عام و خاص؛ ×
- اوراق بهادار منتشره یا تضمین شده توسط دولت جمهوری اسلامی ایران، بانک مرکزی، شهرداری ها یا سایر نهادهای عمومی غیردولتی، بانک های دولتی، مؤسسات اعتباری غیردولتی، اشخاص حقوقی دولتی و غیردولتی؛
- سهام ۵۰ شرکت برتر بورس اوراق بهادار تهران؛
- سایر سهام پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران؛
- واحدهای سرمایه گذاری عادی صندوق های سرمایه گذاری مشترک قابل معامله در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران؛
- دارایی های فیزیکی نظیر املاک و مستغلات، ماشین آلات و تجهیزات.
همانگونه که ذکر شد، حداقل نسبت کفایت سرمایه می باید هشت درصد باشد. حال اگر این شاخص برای بانکی کمتر از رقم مذکور بود، یکی از راهکارهای بهبود نسبت کفایت سرمایه، اتخاذ ترتیبات الزم به منظور اصلاح ترکیب دارایی ها می باشد.
اقدامات مذکور در راستای بهبود نسبت کفایت سرمایه، می تواند زمینه افزایش سطح ثبات و استحکام سیستم بانکی را فراهم نماید. از طرفی دیگر در مقررات بازل ۲ ، وزن ریسک استاندارد برای سایر دارایی ها معادل ۱۰۰ درصد لحاظ شده است که این موضوع در دستورالعمل محاسبه سرمایه نظارتی و کفایت سرمایه مؤسسات اعتباری نیز مقرر شده است. اما مقررات بازل ۲ به ناظرین کشورها این اختیار را می دهد که بنا بر مصالح ملی، نگهداری شمش طلا یا بدهی های با پشتوانه شمش طلا به مثابه وجه نقد دیده شده و مشمول وزن ریسک صفر درصد شود. این موضوع می تواند از سوی مقام ناظردر ویرایش های بعدی دستورالعمل محاسبه سرمایه نظارتی و کفایت سرمایه مؤسسات اعتباری مد نظر قرار گیرد.If you’ve been feeling especially stressed lately, whether from a tough period at work or home, or from anxiety and renewed feelings of trauma in response to recent news cycles, you’re not alone. But there are some strategies you can use to mitigate the impact of these feelings on your well-being and ability to function on a day-to-day basis.
Every evening, when you get home from work or school, try one or a few of these methods to reduce your anxiety and increase your mental well-being. Because to function, to work, and to channel your anger and agita towards action and change, you need to wake up with hope.
Skip the evening news and pick up a book
Give yourself permission to turn off the news and read some fiction instead. Research from the Journal of Experimental Psychology has demonstrated that reading fiction (rather than the news or even a non-fiction book) can actually make us better citizens by improving our social cognition — which is to say, our ability to process information in social situations. Unplugging and disconnecting from the news cycle for a while won’t make you a bad citizen — it’ll actually help you become a better one.
Reading fiction can make us feel more empathetic, too — and empathy, when you’re feeling frustrated, angry or hopeless, is essential to apply to yourself and helpful in facilitating crucial connections with others.
Take a walk
Another great way to unplug, destress and center yourself when the ground seems to be shaking beneath your feet is actually taking your feet out to the street or the park for a walk.
This can help for a lot of reasons: Recent research from the University of British Columbia shows that even moderate physical activity like a brisk walk aids with de-stressing and mood enhancement, and just spending time outside around nature (be that an urban park or suburban forestry) can help
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but only partially, and at frigid temperatures of only a few Kelvin.
The new process, which works at room temperature, “represents an exciting development for spin-based electronics,” notes spintronics pioneer David Awschalom, a physics professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
Spintronics research is starting to attract more chemists, who bring their own special skills to the table. Gamelin’s strategy of preparing magnetic semiconducting quantum dots as colloids, rather than epitaxially, offers some unique advantages. For example, the process allows them to use traditional chemical purification techniques, as well as making it possible to evenly distribute dopants throughout the quantum dot, rather than clumping together.
- Chemical & Engineering News
- ISSN 0009-2347
- Copyright © American Chemical Societyبه گزارش پایگاه خبری شورا آنلاین خسرو ارتقایی حجم آب موجود در مخازن سدهای پنج گانه تحت پوشش این شرکت را بیش از ۷۳۳ میلیون متر مکعب عنوان و اظهار کرد: این میزان در مقایسه با سال گذشته ۹۵ میلیون مترمکعب بیشتر است اما در مقایسه با حجم نرمال و سال های پرآبی ۵۳ میلیون متر مکعب کمتر است.
وی با اشاره به پیش بینی سازمان هواشناسی در خصوص وقوع بارش و احتمال سیلاب، گفت:: این شرکت بر اساس پیش بینی هایی که در خصوص آوردهای سدها به صورت روزانه، هفتگی، ماهانه و بلندمدت انجام میشود نسبت به برنامه ریزی جهت آبگیری مخازن سدها و کنترل سیلاب های بهاری اقدام می کند.
وی افزود: در همین راستا خروجی سدها با هماهنگی مراکز مرتبط از جمله مدیریت بحران استانداری های تهران و البرز و با اعلام قبلی افزایش می یابد.
ارتقایی تصریح کرد: در حال حاضر حجم آب موجود در مخزن سد امیرکبیر ۱۶۷ میلیون مترمکعب است که به منظور کنترل سیلاب، خروجی آب این سد طی روزهای گذشته به تدریج افزایش یافته که امروز (شنبه) به ۴۰ مترمکعب در ثانیه خواهد رسید.
به گفته ارتقایی، این در حالی است که میزان ورودی آب به مخزن این سد حدود ۵۵ متر مکعب در ثانیه است.
مدیرعامل شرکت آب منطقه ای تهران همچنین حجم آب موجود در سد لتیان را معادل ۶۸.۵ میلیون متر مکعب عنوان و اظهار کرد: در حال حاضر دبی ورودی به این سد حدود ۵۰ متر مکعب در ثانیه است و به همین میزان نیز از خروجی سد، در رودخانه جاجرود رهاسازی می شود.
وی تاکید کرد: لازم به ذکر است حجم کل مخزن سد لتیان ۷۶ میلیون مترمکعب است و هم اکنون به منظور مدیریت سیلاب میزان ورودی و رهاسازی در این سد یکسان شده است تا در صورت تداوم بارش ها و سیلاب های بعدی امکان کنترل آنها وجود داشته باشد.
ارتقایی با بیان اینکه در حال حاضر سدهای طالقان و ماملو هیچ گونه سرریزی ندارد، گفت: در زمان کنونی، ۹۰ درصد حجم مخزن سدهای امیرکبیر و لتیان، ۶۷ درصد مخزن سد طالقان و ۶۱ درصد حجم مخزن سد ماملو پر شده است و کلیه رهاسازی ها به شکل برنامه ریی شده و به منظور کنترل سیلاب انجام می شود.
وی همچنین با اشاره به بارش های ثبت شده در استان تهران، اظهار کرد: حجم بارش های استان تهران از ابتدای سال آبی جاری تاکنون به حدود ۲۱۵ میلیمتر رسیده است که این میزان در مقایسه با ۱۸۰ میلیمتر سال گذشته ۱۹ درصد افزایش یافته است. با این حال، حجم بارش های سال جاری در استان تهران همچنان در مقایسه با دوره بلند مدت ۴۸ ساله چهار درصد کاهش نشان می دهد.Tarafından Martin Rogers
FOX Spor Köşe Yazarı
Ekibi özellikle iyi değil.
Geçtiğimiz birkaç sezonda MLB’deki daha tuhaf eğilimlerden birinde, elitlerin sporları arasında sayısız profesyonel, muazzam derecede yüksek bir seviyede performans gösteriyor… ama aslında boşuna.
Geçen yıl playofflar gerçekleştiğinde aksiyon çılgın, eğlenceli ve rekabetçiydi, ancak aynı zamanda normal sezonu aydınlatan çarpıcı sayıda isim de yoktu.
bu Los Angeles Melekleri Amerikan Ligi MVP’sini görmeyi sevdim Shohei Ohtani‘in inanılmaz iki yönlü kampanyası, ancak bu onlara playoffların kokusunu alamadı. Ulusal Lig’de, Bryce Harperistismarları hediye edemedi Philadelphia Phillies herhangi bir anlamlı Ekim eylemi.
Şimdi Greene, yeni beyzbol yılının açılış patlamasında 100 mil veya daha hızlı 39 atış yapmak gibi mantıksız şeyler yapıyor. Los Angeles Dodgers2-10 kişilik bir kadroda Çarşamba gününe doğru ilerliyor ve bu sefil yolda devam etmeye hazır görünüyor.
FOX Sports MLB Analisti, “Beyzbol çok benzersizdir, çünkü sadece bir oyuncuya hükmedemezsiniz ve otomatik olarak harika bir takımınız olur.” Ben Verlander bana söyle. “Basketbolda sahada sadece beş adam var ve eğer biri efsaneyse iyi olacaksın. Futbolda en iyi oyuncun oyun kurucuysa iyi olacaksın. Melekler, Ohtani her gün atış yapamaz ve o ve Mike Trout sadece dokuz defada bir vuruş yapabilir.”
Ohtani hepsini 2021’de olağanüstü bir seviyede teslim ederek yaptı. Onu mutlaka görülmesi gereken bir görüntüye dönüştürdü, ancak Angels’ın .500’ün altında sekiz maça ve AL West’te dördüncü sıraya çıkmasına sadece yardımcı olabilir.
Yine de, sadece iki NL takımı, beyzbolun en kötü bölümü olan NL Doğu’da 23.5 maçı birinci bitirmeyi başaran 65-97 Ulusal Takımından daha kötüydü.
bu Toronto Mavi Alakargalar geçen sezon çok sayıda elit düzeyde oyuncu vardı, ancak bu onlara olması gerektiği kadar yardımcı olmadı. Vladimir Guerrero Jr. zaman zaman herkesten farklı, daha kolay bir beyzbol oynuyormuş gibi görünüyordu. Marcus Semien parlak ve kısa stoperdi Bo Bichette çok geride değildi, bu arada Robbie Ray sol atış büyüsü ile onu aydınlattı. O zaman bile, Toronto AL Doğu’da dördüncü oldu ve playoff zamanında televizyonda izlemeyi bıraktı.
Philadelphia’da, Zack Wheeler Harper’ın sahada olduğu kadar höyükte de iyiydi. San Diego’da, Fernando Tatis Jr. patlayıcı yükselişini sürdürdü babalar çok şey vaat eden ve çok az şey teslim eden ekip.
Verlander, “Beyzbolda başarı gereksinimi farklıdır ve bu onu ilginç kılıyor” dedi. “Takım çok iyi olmasa da, Soto sopasını görmek için şehre gelen Ulusalları izleyebilirsiniz. Beyzbolun güzel yanı, kazanmak için tam bir takıma ihtiyacınız var. İyi dağıtılmış bir kadronuz varsa, o zaman o zaman Evet, bu yıldızlar size ekstra avantaj sağlayabilir ama zayıf bir kadroyu telafi edemezler.”
Harper ve Ohtani geçen sezon, 1987’den beri ilk kez – ve tarihte sadece dokuzuncu – her iki MVP’nin de playofflara kalamayan takımlarda oynadığı MVP ödülünü aldı. Aslında, MVP finalistlerinden hiçbiri oraya bile gidemedi, bu da oylama panelinin bir oyuncunun bireysel çabasını analiz ederken bir takımın korkunç çıktısını gözden kaçırma konusundaki istekliliğini gösterebilir.
FOX Bet, bu yıl AL MVP’yi kazanmak için Guerrero’yu +350’de listeliyor ve Soto NL’de +300 favori. Dodgers, +500 ile World Series’i kazanma olasılığı en yüksek takım olarak kabul ediliyor.
Bazen oyuncular takımlarının kaderini etkilemek için fazla bir şey yapamazlar. Bazen isteyerek böyle bir durumu seçerler. Chris Bryant Serbest oyunculuğa ulaştığında Colorado’yu seçti ve ilk kampanyasına Denver’da başladı. kayalıklar NL West’te çok fazla zorluk çekmesi beklenmiyor ve son otuz yılda sadece beş kez sezon sonu yaptı.
“İyi bir hikayeden yanayım ve tarihi yeniden yazmaktan yanayım.” Bryant, The Athletic’e şunları söyledi:.
Colorado güçlü bir başlangıç yaptı, bu yüzden kim bilir, bu hedefe ulaşabilir. Olmazsa ve mücadele eden bir takımda başka bir yıldız oyuncu olursa? Eh, o tek değil.
Martin Rogers, FOX Sports için köşe yazarı ve FOX Sports Insider Bülteni’nin yazarıdır. Bültene buradan abone olabilirsiniz.
Major League Baseball’dan daha fazlasını alın Oyunlar, haberler ve daha fazlası hakkında bilgi almak için favorilerinizi takip edin.Do you have a fear of transcription? Are you daunted by the prospect of learning and handling unfamiliar symbols? This workbook is for students who are new to linguistics and phonetics, and offers a didactic approach to the study and transcription of the words, rhythm and intonation of English. It can be used independently or in class and covers all the pronunciation details of words, phrases, rhythm and intonation. Progress is deliberately gentle with plenty of explanations, examples and 'can't go wrong' exercises. In addition, there is an associated website with audio recordings of authentic speech, which provide back-up throughout. The audio clips also introduce students to variations in accents, with eleven different speakers. Going beyond the transcription of words, the book also ventures into real discourse with the simplification systems of colloquial English speech, rhythm and intonation.In the book Diet For a Hot Planet: The Climate Crisis at the End of Your Fork and What You Can Do about It by Anna Lappe, the author argues that modern food production methods, especially for meat, are huge factors contributing to global warming and that people should exchange their current food consumption habits for more environmentally sustainable ones. The International Panel on Climate Change lists agriculture at contributing just 13.5% of total global warming emissions, but Lappe points out that that the emissions due to our food system are really a bigger piece of the pie, including part of the emissions from transport, commercial buildings, waste, and forestry. Livestock in particular are significant emitters of greenhouse gasses due to their methane emissions from the animals and their waste, the energy use of feedlots and processing plants, large amount of fertilizers needed for the large amount of crops for animal feed, etc. Lappe argues that changes in agricultural methods could greatly cut emissions rates by, for example, raising meat from free-range cattle, switching to organically grown produce, and keeping food more local. All of these things reduce reliance on energy, especially oil, allowing them to produce fewer global warming gasses and to continue to be effective even as oil becomes more scarce and its costs rise. Lappe also takes time to discuss companies use of 'greenwashing' techniques to sell products that are not truly environmentally friendly and a section for consumers on making sustainable food choices.
Overall, I agree with Lappe's main argument: modern agriculture significantly contributes to global warming and we can and should make changes to production methods to decrease our impact. However, I think some of Lappe's ideas are idealistic, impractical, inflexible, and contradictory. For instance, throughout the book she condemns large companies for their failure to take responsibility for their own emissions and for trying to hide their poor environmental practices from consumers. However, she still condemns them even when they do attempt to reduce their impact by investigating the use of genetically modified plants and using methane digesters in order to produce energy from livestock waste. I agree with Lappe that genetically modified plants have the potential to do more harm than good and that producing energy from livestock waste is still not sustainable in the long run in terms of global warming, but I do think that these ideas are a step in the right direction and deserve some credit. At very least they could be used until some other more sustainable ideas could be implemented. Concerning sustainable ideas for agriculture, I found Lappe to offer few except ones requiring complete overhauls of the current system- in other words changes that would be least likely to actually be accepted by food producers, politicians and farmers. I think if she really wanted some change for the better, she would be more accepting of any ideas to better the system, especially if people were willing to embrace them.
An area where I think the author is over optimistic given the evidence is with the yields and efficiency of organic farming. Lappe cites studies which have not been peer reviewed and published in academic journals which support her conclusion that yields are nearly the same as conventional farming methods with less use of energy input, even though published studies also existed which have conflicting conclusions. For instance, this study found a 20% smaller yield from organic farms using 50% less fertilizer and 97% less pesticide. This study found that organic apple production is more energy efficient while this (1) one found that organic apple and potato production was less energy efficient than conventional methods. Finally, this long-term study found that crop yields were 20% lower in organic systems while fertilizer plus energy input was 34% to 53% lower. My conclusions based off these studies are that organic farming may be very promising in reducing energy requirements, but more land may be required for cultivation due to the lower yields, which could increase emissions in itself. Overall, more study seems to be needed- not the head first jump into complete agricultural overhaul that Lappe recommends.
In one section, Lappe argues that the transport of foods should be reduced in order to curb emissions and she provides this humorous example: "When Fiji [bottled] water ads boasted, 'FIJI, because it's not bottled in Cleveland,' that city ran tests that compared it with municipal samples. It turned out that Fiji water fared worse; it contained arsenic as well as higher levels of contaminants." I wholeheartedly agree with Lappe that bottled water and transported foods that could easily be produced locally is both wasteful and unnecessary. However, I think these examples bring up an important issue that Lappe doesn't discuss, but is always on my mind when considering environmental issues: is there any way to get consumers and businesses to stop wasteful, unsustainable practices without reducing their freedom with rules and regulations? Consumers of bottled water and plastic grocery bags only seem to stop when cities and countries ban their use. Despite this, to me personally it seems wrong to limit an adult's choice as long as it doesn't harm someone else, even if the choice is misguided or mistaken. Yes, the pollution and global warming overall is bad for everyone, so in a way buying bottled water is a source of harm, but to me this is a very different sort of harm than say hitting one's neighbor in the face. Also, there could be a legitimate circumstance where someone really does need to buy bottled water- perhaps the city water went stopped working, or they needed a large stock for a trip to Mexico, in which the ban causes negative unintended consequences. In the case of businesses, environmental problems often do direct harm to people and property, such as with waste mismanagement, and I think those types of issues should be better handled in court by forcing the companies to pay the consequences for their actions. If the judicial system worked well in that manner, companies would have strong incentives to avoid pollution on their own. Perhaps better environmental education would benefit people by making them more aware of the impact of their purchases. Yet this seems unlikely since basic education is already lacking for many people in the US, and adding another area would be unlikely to help.
Lappe, Anna. Diet For a Hot Planet. New York: Bloomsbury, 2010. Print.
1. Pimental et al. (1983). "Energy efficiency of farming systems: Organic and conventional agriculture". Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 9: 359-372.Reflections on Juneteenth
June 17, 2021
By Natalie Shaak, Operations Manager
For many of us who identify as white, June 19 has come and gone as just another day for most of our lives. Only recently has its identity as Juneteenth been brought to our attention. I, for one, am embarrassed by my lack of understanding of the day or much of the true history of slavery until the past few years of my life.
The American history taught to most kids in school skims over and whitewashes the history of slavery and discrimination in our country. Many of the important lessons are lost by trying to tone down the legacy of hate, violence, murder, discrimination, and other harms committed by our ancestors. As a white allies, we need to make a concerted effort to seek the truth of our history, come to terms with it, and pledge to do better moving forward.
What is Juneteenth? Why is June 19 important?
June 19, also known as Juneteenth or Emancipation Day, is a day celebrating freedom. It was on that day in 1865 that Union soldiers finally arrived in Galveston, Texas, to announce the end of the Civil War and slavery.
In our world of instant access to knowledge through the internet, cell phones, and world wide media coverage, it may be hard to believe it could take more than two years for the news of the war ending and the Emancipation Proclamation to make it across the whole country. It seems like it was not as much of a priority to give all people their freedom. It is heartbreaking to know that humans were forced to remain in slavery for two more years than they should have been because it took that long to get the word there. The trauma, violence, and death experienced during that time can never be undone.
When we celebrate on the Fourth of July in a few weeks, we have to remember that day in 1776 did not grant freedom to all residents of this country. For more than a century after that, men and women of African decent were not free - they were slaves. June 19 is a true Independence Day for a huge portion of the U.S. population - those who’s ancestors were kidnapped and forced to come to this country to be subservient to others, based solely on their country of birth and color of their skin.
While Juneteenth represents freedom from slavery for many African Americans, we must also remember they still faced extreme racism, discrimination, exclusion, and violence because of the color of their skin after that day. African Americans did not receive official US citizenship until 3 years after slavery was ended. It wasn’t until 1915, that many African Americans were granted the legal right to vote by removing “grandfather clauses” from state rules. Yet poll taxes and literacy tests continued up until the 1960s to keep people of color from voting. Despite having their “freedom” from slavery one hundred years earlier, they were not granted the full rights and privileges of citizenship till much later and in fact
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Department of Microbiology, L.T.M. Medical College, Sion, Mumbai
Indian J Pathol Microbiol 44:435-8. 2001..8%) of strains in pure culture. Gram negative anaerobic bacilli in infective processes are significantly on the rise and so suspected cultures should be processed for both aerobic and anaerobic organisms...
- Evidence of quorum sensing in the rumen ecosystem: detection of N-acyl homoserine lactone autoinducers in ruminal contentsD L Erickson
Agriculture and Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, AB
Can J Microbiol 48:374-8. 2002....
- Reconstitution of Fo of the sodium ion translocating ATP synthase of Propionigenium modestum from its heterologously expressed and purified subunitsFranziska Wehrle
Institut fur Mikrobiologie, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland
Eur J Biochem 269:2567-73. 2002..modestum and c(11) from Ilyobacter tartaricus. These Fo hybrids had Na(+) translocation activities that were not distinguishable from that of P. modestum F(o)...
- Haloanaerobium fermentans sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic, fermentative halophile isolated from fermented puffer fish ovariesT Kobayashi
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Fisheries, Japan
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1621-7. 2000..Based on these results, the new isolate appears to represent a new Haloanaerobium species, for which the name Haloanaerobium fermentans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R-9T (= JCM 10494T)...
- Use of Fe(III) as an electron acceptor to recover previously uncultured hyperthermophiles: isolation and characterization of Geothermobacterium ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. novKazem Kashefi
Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:1735-42. 2002..Based on both its 16S rDNA sequence and physiological characteristics, strain FW-1a represents a new genus among the Bacteria. The name Geothermobacterium ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed (ATCC BAA-426)...
- Thermotoga neapolitana bglB gene, upstream of lamA, encodes a highly thermostable beta-glucosidase that is a laminaribiaseV V Zverlov
Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
Microbiology 143:3537-42. 1997..The two purified enzymes 1,3-beta-glucosidase BglB (laminaribiase) and 1,3-beta-glucanase LamA (laminarinase) were together capable of completely degrading laminarin to glucose...
- Microbiological evidence for Fe(III) reduction on early EarthM Vargas
Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA
Nature 395:65-7. 1998....
- A Dual-drug Delivery to Inhibit Causes of Periodontal DiseasesRAJIV KUMAR SATSANGI; Fiscal Year: 2012..Thus, the chances of success of this product in successfully treating the periodontal disease are high. ..
- Analyses of Host-Biofilm Interactions: A Novel Polymicrobial ModelKaren Novak; Fiscal Year: 2009..This understanding is necessary to develop and evaluate new strategies for controlling the destructive features of these chronic inflammatory diseases. ..
- Attachment of Oral Actinobacillus to EpitheliumDaniel Fine; Fiscal Year: 2008..The longterm goal of this application is to use this information to identify targets for therapeutic agents that can interfere with attachment of Aa to oral tissues and thus prevent colonization leading to LAP. [unreadable] [unreadable]..
- Inflammation and Ovarian CancerClareann Bunker; Fiscal Year: 2008..In particular, NSAID use may prove to be a potentially important chemopreventative for this often-fatal disease. ..
- ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN A SUBGINGIVAL BIOFILM MODELClay Walker; Fiscal Year: 2006..We believe the information derived from the experiments described will provide a better understanding of the subgingival flora and the effects that antibiotics may have on this flora. ..
- Efficient Mechanism of Gene Transfer in B. fragilisDavid Hecht; Fiscal Year: 2006..abstract_text> ..
- Microbial Markers for Periodontal Disease in ChildrenDaniel Fine; Fiscal Year: 2005....
- Oral Immunology/Microbiology Research Group Annual MtgDaniel Fine; Fiscal Year: 2003..Perpetuation of the OIMRG and its annual meetings greatly enhances the spirit of collegial interaction/collaboration among investigators with expertise in immunology and microbial pathogenesis as related to oral health and disease. ..
- Guided Pocket Recolonization (GPR) in PeriodontitisMarc Quirynen; Fiscal Year: 2004..Clinical data will be collected after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks. The results should indicate the possible role for commensal organisms in periodontal disease and subgingival biofilm formation. ..
- Oral Immunology/Microbiology Annual MeetingDaniel Fine; Fiscal Year: 2003..Perpetuation of the OIMRG and its annual meetings greatly enhances the spirit of collegial interaction/collaboration among investigators with expertise in immunology and microbial pathogenesis as related to oral health and disease. ..
- EFFECTIVENESS OF OUTPATIENT TREATMENT OF PIDRoberta Ness; Fiscal Year: 2003..We gain great efficiency in the use of the extensive resources and excellent follow-up success within the PEACH cohort. ..
- DOUCHING, VAGINAL MICROBIOLOGY, AND PIDRoberta Ness; Fiscal Year: 2003..Given the paucity of information regarding the relationship between douching and reproductive outcomes, the proposed study is imperative in order to direct future public health recommendations. ..Author: Isaiah, son of Amoz (1:1).
Date: Around 740-700 BC, starting “in the year that king Uzziah died” (6:1).
In Ten Words or Less: A coming Messiah will save people from their sins.
Details: Like most prophets, Isaiah announced the bad news of punishment for sin. But he also described a coming Messiah who would be “wounded for our transgressions…bruised for our iniquities…and with his stripes we are healed” (53:5). Called to the ministry through a stunning vision of God in heaven (Chapter 6), Isaiah wrote a book that some call “the fifth Gospel” for its predictions of the birth, life, and death of Jesus Christ some seven hundred years later. These prophecies of redemption balance the depressing promises of God’s discipline against Judah and Jerusalem, which were overrun by Babylonian armies about a century later. Isaiah’s prophecy ends with a long section (Chapters 40-66) describing God’s restoration of Israel, His promised salvation, and His eternal kingdom.
From Know Your Bible, published by Barbour Publishing, Inc. Used by permission.05498745858
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Eğer bu sayfada uygunsuz bir içerik mevcut ise linke tıklayınız.COVID-19 vaccines saved 20 million lives during first year of distribution, study
The study measures "how much worse the pandemic could have been if we did not have these vaccines," leading scientist said
COVID-19 vaccines saved nearly 20 million lives during their first year, according to a study published this week.
Oliver Watson of the Imperial College London led the new modeling study about the vaccines. He called the potential outcome of the last 18-months should the vaccine not have been available "catastrophic."
His modeling study findings were published in Lancet Infectious Diseases and reportedly "quantify just how much worse the pandemic could have been if we did not have these vaccines."
Researchers used data from 185 countries to estimate that the vaccines prevented about 4.2 million virus deaths in India, 1.9 million in the United States, 1 million in Brazil, more than 631,000 in France and half-a-million in the U.K.
More lives, about 600,000, would have been saved had the World Health Organization's target of 40% vaccination coverage by the end of 2021 been met, say the researchers.
The study, which found that 19.8 million COVID deaths were prevented by vaccines, bases its estimations on how many more deaths than usual occurred during the time period. When using only reported COVID deaths, the same model yields a figure of 14.4 million averted deaths due to vaccines.
The scientists excluded China from their study due to ongoing uncertainty the veracity of the country's virus-related death toll among its huge population.
The study also concluded the global vaccination campaign resulted in over 4.3 billion people lining up to receive the shots.
The study was funded by several organizations, including the WHO, the Vaccine Alliance and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.Learn something new every day
More Info... by email
Like their larger cousins, miniature roses can be trained to grow in many different ways for nearly any kind of garden. Growing miniature roses doesn't require a lot of gardening skill or experience, and can be a good project for amateur gardeners. The basic requirements are good soil, lots of water, and plenty of sunlight. Whether creating an indoor garden or covering a trellis, choosing to grow miniature roses can create a spectacular display with only a few basic steps.
Selecting good miniature rose plants is the first step to growing great roses. A true rose, miniature specimens have been bred for centuries to retain a small, delicate size. When visiting the nursery or garden store, look for plants that have a sturdy main stem and no signs of yellowing leaves or tiny bugs. Most mini roses will include a tag that specifies their size, color, and variety. Though many varieties can be trained to grow in a myriad of ways, it may be easier to choose rose plants that are specifically meant for the type of gardening intended; Climbing or trailing varieties are great for growing on walls or trellises, while micro or super miniatures are wonderful for edging a border or growing indoors.
Choosing the right spot in a garden will also help a beginner create a wonderful crop of roses. Most miniature roses require several hours of sunlight a day, either out in the garden or on an indoor windowsill. If a garden only receives partial sunlight, consider planting the roses in small, lightweight planters that can be easily moved around the garden. This will allow a gardener to shift the roses into the sun throughout the day, ensuring that the plants receive a good dose of warmth and sunlight.
Most roses grow well in clay or potting soil; relatively hardy flowers, they can do well in a variety of soil mixtures, though extremely sandy soil should usually be avoided. To plant, dig a hole about as wide and deep as the rose's plant pot, then carefully remove the plant from its original container. Some gardeners recommend twisting the root structure very gently before placing the plant in the ground. Holding the rose steady, carefully fill the area around it with soil and a little rose fertilizer or compost. The rose can then be watered to help it settle into the soil.
Miniature roses generally need to be lightly watered every other day in temperate climates; in warm climates or during a heat spell, they may be watered once a day. Some gardening experts suggest watering plants early in the morning before the sun hits the plant, or in the evening after the sun has set, to prevent the sun from burning vulnerable wet leaves. Roses should be re-fertilized or fed every few weeks until winter arrives. With a simple regimen of watering and the occasional feeding, miniature roses may bloom from late spring all the way through early winter.
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK!● ‘Kiraz Mevsimi’nin ilk sezonunda seni Dağhan Külegeç’le yazmışlardı.
Evet, o zamanlar birlikteydik. Ancak şu an çok iyi arkadaşız. Tabii şu an biz aşktan bahsediyoruz, sadece hoşlanmak değil.
● O zaman hayatına aşk gerekiyor.
Biraz umutsuzum ama aşk konusunda. Yıllardır neden böyle deyip duruyorum. Belki sonradan âşık olurum diye de denemişliğim var ama olmuyor. Ben ilk görüşte aşka inanıyorum. Tabii öyle şimşekler çakmayacak ama onu hissedeceğime inanıyorum. En iyisi beklemek galiba. Önümüzdeki yıl için bunu diliyorum.
● Peki, şu an bambaşka bir yıla ve yere ışınlanma şansın olsa; nasıl bir tabloyla karşı karşıya olurduk?
Maldivler tarzı, ıssız ve tropikal bir adadayım. Önümde bembeyaz okyanus uzanıyor. Hindistan cevizli bir kokteyli yudumluyorum. Arkada çok güzel, egzotik bir müzik çalıyor tatlı tatlı. Her yeri açık bir evin içindeyim. Şezlongun üzerinde uzanıyor ve dergi okuyorum. Kesinlikle entelektüel bir şey yapmıyorum (gülüyor). Kendimi yalnız görüyorum yine ama sevdiğim insanların orada bir yerde, yakınımda olduklarını biliyorum.Greenhouses allow for more environmental control in food production when chosen over cultivation in exposed land. When the grower has full control over the environmental conditions, unique possibilities may be explored: Cultivation of food which might not survive in exposed outdoor conditions, gaining a month or two by early maturation, also more importantly is the potential for maximised food production which may drastically help in reducing environmental strain caused by large-scale farming and food demand, (eg: deforestation, chemical inputs, fossil fuel demand etc).
A step by step guide to building a greenhouse (also called a polytunnel) is depicted below. All materials may be sourced using recycled or eco-friendly materials – also there is no ‘standard build’ – the design and attributes may be changed according to the particular needs and local climate conditions. In this case however, the build was constructed on a nice sunny day in beautiful Eire!
The site had a weedmat in place for a couple of weeks to deter any unwanted plants and their seeds from taking over. After that, the area was leveled and tilled twice..
..since the soil profile was deep enough, no concrete was necessary. 3/4m poles were driven into the ground and aluminum loops inserted into the poles to create a basic framework..
..1m wide x 30cm deep trenches were dug out alongside the entire perimeter, this will serve to further support the covering and entire structure towards the end (note the richness of the soil)..
..heat resistant insulation was attached to all the poles. This prevents the heat transfer from the metal poles onto the greenhouse cover (which runs the risk of deforming/damaging the said cover)..
..additional framework is added onto the basic one, namely horizontal bars for added support and the possibility to attach hanging baskets, as well as wooden framework (pressure treated Red Teal bars) for the apertures..
..doors with wooden framework and polyethylene covers set in place onto the frame. The picture is onto its side to highlight the fact that once again there is no standard – doors may be sliding, projecting, covered or uncovered with a bug screen. This all depends on the particular conditions desired – to know exactly what you need is the first step to shape the construction upon..
..the greenhouse cover (polyethylene in this case) is lined across the framework for setting up. Greenhouse covers may differ in strength, material and also the light wavelength type and frequency they allow to pass through – once again determined by growing requirements, the usual greenhouse cover material is usually clear polyethylene as in this case..
..the cover is stretched onto the structure, fixtures and a few final touches in place will give this result! On this area (40ft x 17ft) conventional outdoor growing will probably support up to a hundred plants, in greenhouse soil production this number may be raised to around 200 plants – and if high-tech (also eco-friendly) systems are in place (such as aquaponic multi levelled NFT), there is a good possibility to support a whopping 800-1000 plants with zero additions of artificial fertilisers and the bonus of rearing fish – yes, you may go fishing in your own polytunnel!
For more info on these systems, check out a brief overview by following this link which will open in a new tab. More developments on the systems mentioned will be posted in due course, you may subscribe using the below link to receive them..Basically, we call baroque to the 17th Century. That means 400 years ago!!!
There were painters, scuptors and architects who created lots of masterworks.
They liked motion and detail.
How did people live in that time?
It was a time with no hospital or medical facilities.
People died for any disease, because there were no medicines.
Lices were a problem during those days, so people shave their heads and used wigs!
How do I know when music is baroque?
A lot of notes appeared, even in slow music.
Opera appeared for the first time. The opera was a dramatic work with music, playing on a stage.
Three instruments were used a lot: violin, harpsichord and organ.
The violin is a bowed string instrument. One of the masters of this instrument was Antonio Vivaldi.
The harpsichord seems like a piano, but the sound is quite different. Domenico Scarlatti was one of the greatest musicians of this time.
The organ is a complex wind instrument. It's the biggest instrument, and one of the most hard-to-play instruments.
In this time, musicians tried to impress the audience playing or singing really fast and hard. That is called Virtuosism.
Vivaldi - Violin concerto "Summer" - 3rd movement "Storm"
J.P. Rameau - La Poule
G.F.Händel - "Julius Caesar" Opera
Great Music, Great musicians
Scarlatti - Presto from sonata in
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不及待地看起来。我三个晚上就看完了，而鲁滨孙那传奇的经历就给我留下了深刻的印象。
鲁滨孙喜欢航海和冒险。有一次，他乘船前往南美洲，途中遇上大风，船上的其他同伴都死在海里了，只有他一个人被大浪冲到荒岛上，他在荒岛上遇到了很多困难。但鲁滨孙用他的毅力、智慧和勇敢一一解决了这些问题。而他在荒岛上生活了二十八年，多么漫长的二十八年，多么艰辛、难挨的二十八年啊!
我读了这本《鲁滨孙漂流记》，让我认识到我身上缺少了像鲁滨孙那样的毅力。我记得小时候，我在书店看到了《十万个为什么》这本书，我就吵着要妈妈给我买。然后买回家没看几页就没兴趣了。如果我像鲁滨孙那样有毅力坚持下去就好了。还有一次，我画画，画不出来，急得把纸都撕了，如果我像鲁滨孙那样坚持就好了。
我想：如果我们每个人在遇到困难时坚持下去，就一定会成功。即使最终的答案是错误的，你也不会失落，因为你用你的努力去掉了一个错误的答案，对你的成功进了一步，所以我们不管遇到什么困难都要坚持下去。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》读后感
这本书主要讲的是主人公鲁滨逊有很大的航海能力，什么危险都不怕。有一天，他和朋友坐上船披波斩浪，在一望无际的海上行驶着，突然狂风暴雨、惊涛拍岸，转眼间，他那几个朋友已被卷入大海的深渊，把鲁滨逊吓得魂飞破散，但最终只有他一个人战胜困难幸运地活了下来，当他清醒过来的时候，发现自己被海水冲到了一个孤岛上。不久，他捉到了一个俘虏，给他取名叫星期五，他们共同生活在孤岛了28年后，返回故乡。
我读了这本书，深有感触，“害怕危险的心理比危险本身还要可怕一万倍”。只有勇敢不被困难所吓倒，勇往直前，胜利就属于自己。
在以后的学习和生活中，无论遇到什么困难，我都以鲁滨逊为学习的榜样，永不畏惧，战胜困难。
读《鲁滨逊漂流记》有感
我怀着敬佩的心情盖上了这本书，闭上眼回想着这本书的每个情景都让我热血沸腾。鲁滨逊的精神。让我看到了生命的坚强。
鲁滨逊不幸流落荒岛。但他靠他的智慧建造了自己的家园，田地，日常用品……他还靠自己的勇敢收养了野人星期五，定居在岛上。经过28年的奋斗终于碰到一艘大船，可惜船上的人被挟持了，不过他用智慧拯救了船上的人，回到了家园。读了这本书我惊讶不已一个无依无靠。手无寸铁的人怎么能在这么危险的岛上生存，直到获救。
在实际生活中我们多么骄嫩。面对困境往往都是低下头，不努力克服它。可鲁滨逊在逆境中持之以恒，这样才能在艰难的环境中生存下去。
读了这本书后，我要把书中的道理铭记在心，以后面对困难要去努力克服它!
《鲁宾逊漂流记》读后感
我读了鲁宾逊漂流记后，明白了鲁宾逊不畏困难的顽强意志不畏困难的顽强精神和实干精神。作品是通过介绍一个男人流落荒岛的传奇经历，歌颂了人类勇于挑战的信心与精神，刻画了一个世界文学世上的光彩照人的形象——鲁宾逊。他既是一个勇往直前、百折不挠的冒险家，又是一个热爱劳动、热爱生活的实干家。
鲁宾逊的故事颂扬了劳动人民的故事，颂扬了人与自然的斗争精神，它告诉我们：只要有志气，有毅力，勇于创造，就能做出不平凡的事业。《鲁宾逊漂流记》这部小说发表后，深受广大读者喜爱和欢迎，风行世界各国。这部小说是根据真人真事编写的。
1704年9月一个名叫亚历山大·赛尔柯克的苏格兰水手被遗弃在南美洲大西洋的安·菲南德岛上，在这个荒无人烟的岛上度过了4年零4个月。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》读后感
在前几个星期我看了一本令我爱不释手的的是书名叫鲁宾逊漂流记，小说的主人公鲁滨逊是一个聪明机智而又具有毅力的人再一次航海中，船在南美洲海岸的一个荒岛触礁，船身破裂，所有的人都死了，只有鲁宾逊一个人活了下来，海浪把他卷上了这座荒芜人烟的小岛鲁宾逊长达28年的历险生活开始了……
后来鲁滨逊开始在岛上种植大麦和水稻，他学会了做粗糙的面包，他又样了一只鹦鹉作伴，几年后又救下了一个俘虏，那天正好是星期五所以就给那个俘虏起名叫星期五。星期五就是他的忠实的仆人和朋友。又过了好几年，鲁宾逊发现了一艘英国船，他和星期五一起离开了这个岛。
我很喜欢鲁滨逊漂流记作者笛福在书中的一句名言害怕危险的心理比危险碑身还要可怕一万倍。鲁宾逊的那种具有大无畏冒险进取精神值得我们去学习，我也要向鲁宾逊一样。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》读后感
要说我最喜欢的书，那就数《鲁滨逊漂流记》啦!这部小说发表于1719年同年又写了续篇，英国航海家罗吉斯的《环球巡航记》披露一件奇闻：一个水手被抛在距智利海岸五百海里的荒岛上，子然一身，竟活了四年多，这件奇闻就成为笛福写作《鲁滨逊漂流记》。
这本书描写的主人公鲁滨逊不听父母的劝告，喜欢冒险，曾三次远航，终于遇难荒岛，他以不屈不挠的毅力、辛勤的劳动，不仅能生存下来，而且改变了生活环境。
鲁滨逊不顾一切的完成自己的梦想，他遇到困难不退缩，以坚持不懈的努力的和毅力创造了奇迹，而拿我和鲁滨逊来比，区别可真是太大啦!鲁滨逊能坚持，遇到困难，毫不退缩，而我遇到小小的挫折就想放弃。鲁滨逊为了他的梦想坚持不懈，而我的梦想天天变，觉得那个太累，这个也累。鲁滨逊能遇到困难不退缩为什么我做不到?鲁滨逊能为了梦想不故一切，为什么我做不到?我一定要像鲁滨逊那样，在困难中，以百折不屈，坚持不懈的顽强毅力来创造奇迹!!
《鲁滨逊漂流记》读后感
我读过很多好书，其中最好的一本书就数《鲁滨逊漂流记》了。鲁滨逊好奇心很重，他想环游全世界。十九岁那年，他未经过父亲同意，在朋友的帮助下开始了自己的航海旅程。
他在航海的过程中，不幸流落在一个荒芜人烟的岛上，但他没有害怕，凭着自己的勇气、智慧和拥有的知识，在岛上修建房屋、耕田种麦……鲁滨逊花了很长时间，付出了很多艰辛，他凭着自己的毅力、实力和勇敢在岛上生活了二十八年后，终于返回了故乡。
我觉得鲁滨逊非常自信，他的毅力让我很佩服!以后我一定要努力学习科学知识;锻炼独立生活的能力;遇到困难应该保持乐观、自信和勇敢的态度去面对!
读<<鲁滨逊漂流记>>有感 曹一帆
淡淡的火红色在东方慢慢渲染开来，一个身影在茂密的丛林里熟练地采阗野果子。哦，这是一个叫鲁滨逊的水手。
一个人脱离了文明社会是多么的渺小，一只野兽就可以轻而易举的让你死去，人是群居生活的高等动物，所以我们不可以轻言离开!生活中有许多的困难，学习中有许多的障碍，但那些只是磨练我们意志的障碍赛。我们只有勇敢并不懈的翻越才能达到顶峰。我的心难以平静，我再也不会想逃离了。
来吧!让我象鲁滨逊一样勇敢而坚定!
读《鲁滨孙漂流记》有感[400字]
学了《鲁滨孙漂流记》这篇课文后，觉得这篇课文很刺激，就要爸爸给我买了一本，花了很长时间才读完了这部名著，但我印象最深刻的是鲁滨孙竟然在荒无人烟的小岛上生活了二十八年。
在我的印象中，鲁滨孙是一个不怕困难的人。他流落这个小岛之前，是一个经营海外贸易和种植园的商人。天有不测风云，他在航海中遭遇翻船，同伴都葬身海底，只有他一个人活了下来。面对孤单与寂寞的生活，鲁滨孙毫不放弃不懈进取，创造了一大笔财富。
假设一下，如果是一个平凡的人，要他在荒岛上生活二十八年，即使他有强壮的身体，但没有鲁滨孙的生活意志，别说二十八年，就算是一年，我想他也生活不下去。然，鲁滨孙并没有被眼前的困难和危险吓倒，他用自己坚定的意志战胜了困难，在岛上生活了二十八年。
我曾经在一本书上看到一个科学实验“据说一只实验的老鼠妈妈生育小鼠后得了癌症，根据推算，这个鼠妈妈一个星期了，但鼠妈妈却陪伴着小鼠过了喂乳期才倒下。大家应该知道，正值喂乳期的小鼠们如果没有母乳就会丧生。
就是这样的意志，使身陷逆经的鲁滨孙顽强地活了下去，也就是这样的意志，才能使人在逆境中磨练出坚毅的魂魄。在我们今后的成长道路上，也会遇到许多意想不到的事情，只有像鲁滨孙那样不怕困难的人，才能熬过黑暗，迎来充满光辉的明天。
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Radon is an odorless, naturally occurring gas that has radioactive properties. It is now considered the second-leading cause of lung cancer, second only to smoking. Soils in the United States contain many different radioactive substances such as uranium. As uranium decays, it turns into radium and polonium, and it is the breakdown of these substances that releases toxic, radioactive gas into the air.
How is Radon Detected?
Radon is sometimes known as the “silent killer,” because it’s nearly impossible to detect symptoms of radon exposure. The radioactive gas goes unnoticed in many homes and buildings, increasing the health risks for the occupants. Radon exposure is most strongly linked with lung cancer, and those symptoms are difficult to catch early.
Radon systems typically start in the crawl space or basement and force the gas out of the home.
Radon gas is emitted from the soil and penetrates the home as a colorless, odorless gas. Any enclosed part of your home that is exposed to the soil is susceptible. Here are the most common ways that radon gas can leach into your home:
- Cracks in your concrete walls or floors
- Floor-wall joints
- Mortar joints
- Cracks or pores in concrete blocks or masonry
- Spaces behind veneer walls that sit on uncapped, hollow-brick foundations
- Certain building materials, mainly rock or stone
- Exposed soil, like in a sump
- Weeping drain tiles, if draining to open sump
- Loose-fitting pipe penetrations
- Open tops of block walls
- Water (from some wells)
If you don’t know your radon levels or radon risk, don’t delay. Call us at MidAmerica Basement Systems today for your radon test or get your free estimate for radon mitigation in Davenport. We’re here to make your home or public building as healthy and safe as possible. Reach out to us or fill out our contact form to get started.گفتار خطرناک نوعی سمی از عواطف و احساسات قدیمی است. Mihajlo Maricic / iStock از طریق Getty Images Plus
همانطور که سناتورها برای محاکمه استیضاح که دونالد ترامپ ، رئیس جمهور پیشین آمریکا به آن متهم می شود ، برنامه ریزی می کنند تحریک طرفداران او برای ایجاد یک شورش مرگبار در پایتخت ، نگرانی جهانی در حال افزایش است تهدیدهای ناآرامی خشونت آمیز در چندین کشور, از جمله ایالات متحده ملل متحد گزارش گسترش آنلاین گفتار خطرناک نمایانگر "دوره جدید" درگیری است.
گفتار خطرناک به عنوان ارتباطی تشویق می شود که مخاطب را به عفو یا آسیب رساندن تشویق می کند. معمولاً این آسیب توسط یک "گروه" (ما) در برابر "یک گروه" (آنها) هدایت می شود - هرچند که می تواند در فرقه های خودکشی باعث خودزنی شود.
قانون ایالات متحده این فرض را منعکس می کند که سخنرانی خطرناک باید صریحاً به اقدامات مجرمانه دعوت شود. اما دانشمندانی که سخنرانی ها و تبلیغات مقدم بر اعمال خشونت آمیز را مطالعه می کنند ، دستورات مستقیم خشونت را پیدا می کنند ، نادر است.
عناصر دیگر معمول تر هستند. در اینجا برخی از پرچم های قرمز وجود دارد.
برافروختن احساسات
روانشناسان دارند سخنان رهبران شورانگیز را تحلیل کرد مانند هیتلر و گاندی برای محتوای احساسی خود ، ارزیابی میزان ترس ، شادی ، غم و غیره. آنها سپس آزمایش کردند که آیا سطح احساسات می تواند پیش بینی کند که یک سخنرانی خاص قبل از خشونت است یا خشونت.
آنها احساسات زیر را کشف کردند ، به ویژه در ترکیب ، می تواند خشونت را روشن کند:
دریافت آخرین با ایمیل
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عصبانیت: سخنران به عصبانیت دلایل را به مخاطب ارائه می دهد و اغلب به این موضوع اشاره می کند که چه کسی باید مسئول این خشم باشد.
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تحقیر: گروه خارج از گروه پایین تر ارزیابی می شود و بنابراین قابل احترام نیست.
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انزجار: گروه توصیف شده به گونه ای شورش آور است که حتی از برخورد اولیه انسانی نیز سزاوار نیستند.
ساخت تهدید
با مطالعه سخنرانی ها و تبلیغات سیاسی که به خشونت الهام گرفته اند ، محققان مضامین را شناسایی کرده اند که می تواند این احساسات قدرتمند را برانگیزد.
اهداف گفتار خطرناک اغلب غیرانسانی شده اند، به عنوان اساسی فاقد صفات - همدلی ، هوش ، ارزش ها ، توانایی ها ، کنترل خود - در هسته اصلی انسان بودن به تصویر کشیده شده است. معمولاً ، به دلیل ادعای فقدان اخلاق ، گروه های خارج از منکر شیطانی نشان داده می شوند. متناوباً ، ممکن است آنها را حیوان گرایانه یا بدتر نشان دهند. در طول نسل کشی رواندا ، از توتسی ها به عنوان سوسک یاد می شد در تبلیغات هوتو.
برای ساخت یک "داستان نفرت، "یک پسر خوب برای مقابله با شرور لازم است. بنابراین هر کیفیت غیرانسانی در گروه وجود داشته باشد ، برعکس در درون گروه وجود دارد. اگر "آنها" دجال باشند ، "ما" فرزندان خدا هستیم.
کارهای اشتباه گذشته در مورد گروه خارج از گروه برای موقعیت یابی استفاده می شود گروه به عنوان یک تهدید. در موارد درگیری مداوم بین گروه ها ، مانند اسرائیلی ها و فلسطینی ها ، ممکن است نمونه هایی از اشتباهات گذشته در هر دو طرف وجود داشته باشد. گفتار خطرناک موثر اشتباهات گذشته توسط اعضای گروه را حذف ، به حداقل می رساند یا توجیه می کند ، در حالی که اشتباهات گذشته گروه را تشدید می کند.
"قربانی شدن رقابتی"برای نشان دادن درونگروه به عنوان قربانی" واقعی "استفاده می شود - خصوصاً اگر درون گروه" بی گناهان "مانند زنان و کودکان توسط گروه آسیب دیده باشند. بعضی اوقات اعمال گذشته از خارج ساخته می شود و به عنوان قلبی برای بدبختی های گذشته این گروه استفاده می شود. برای مثال، هیتلر یهودیان را مقصر دانست برای آلمان در جنگ جهانی اول باخت.
یک جعل خاص خطرناک وقتی است که گروههای خارج از کشور متهم می شوند علیه افرادی که قصد برنامه ریزی خود را دارند ، اگر نه در واقع مرتکب نشده اند ، علیه گروه. محققان اصطلاح "اتهامات در آینه"پس از این استراتژی به صراحت در کتاب راهنمای تبلیغات هوتو به دنبال نسل کشی رواندا شرح داده شد.
بی توجهی به قطب نمای اخلاقی شخص
گفتار خطرناک موثر مردم را مجبور می کند غلبه بر مقاومت داخلی صدمه زدن.
این امر می تواند با ایجاد این امر به نظر برسد که هیچ گزینه دیگری برای دفاع از گروه در مقابل تهدید ارائه شده توسط گروه باقی نمانده است. گزینه های کمتر شدید به دلیل فرسودگی یا بی اثر بودن کنار گذاشته می شوند. گروه خارج را نمی توان "ذخیره" کرد.
به طور همزمان ، سخنرانان "برچسب زدن صریح" را به کار می برند تا اصطلاحات خوشایندتری را برای خشونت مانند "پاکسازی" یا "دفاع" به جای "قتل" ارائه دهند. یا ممکن است آنها از "گفتگوی فضیلت" برای افتخار آفرینی در جنگ استفاده کنند - و در این مورد بی آبرو نشوند. جیم جونز ، رهبر فرقه ، پس از هدایت پیروان خود به کشتن فرزندان و خودشان ، این کار را "عملی خودکشی انقل
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شی برای آمریکایی ها به وجود می آورند.
به زعم ترامپ، این کشورها مسئول پذیرش اتباعی هستند که به نوعی قوانین آمریکا را نقض می نمایند.
وی همچنین اظهار داشت وزیر خارجه آمریکا باید در سریعترین زمان ممکن (7 روز بعد از دریافت اطلاعیه از وزیر امنیت داخلی)، برای تصویب و راه اندازی طرحی برای اعمال تحریم ویزا طبق بند 243 قانون مهاجرت و تابعیت عمل کند.
لازم به ذکر است از اواخر ماه میلادی مارس، آمریکا قوانین مرزی جدیدی را اعمال کرد که تحت عنوان مبارزه با همه گیری کرونا، شرایط مهاجرت به این کشور را دشوارتر می نماید.منبع: خبرگزاری مهر《鲍里斯与黑暗生存（Boris and the Dark Survival）》是由Joey Drew Studios制作发行的一款上帝视角解谜动作游戏。
扮演Bendy的卡通同伴狼人鲍里斯（Boris the Wolf），在整个废弃的卡通工作室里寻找鲍里斯（Boris）继续前进所需要的物品。你不是一个人！可怕的墨水恶魔无处不在。当他从背后爬上来时，请留意他心脏跳动的声音，并凝视着你。这里没有安全的地方。
游戏下载
- 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/14Z4v27goHAcPWPoRGR8YMQ
- 提取码：p1p3bir teknikle ya da bilinçli olarak da yapılmayabilir. borges'in funes'i, ireneo funes gibi kurgusal da olabilir. metinde geçtiği gibi tarihsel örnekleri de vardır. ayrıca solomon shereshevsky gibi modern örnekleri de vardır.
çerezleri (3. taraf çerezler dahil), sitemizin temel işlevselliğini sağlamak,
kullanımınızın istatistik analizini yapmak ve içeriklerle reklamların kişiselleştirilmesi için kullanıyoruz.
daha fazla bilgi【伟大的胜利英雄赞歌-纪念中国人民志愿军抗美援朝出国作战70周年】光明日报记者刘已经是孙迎吉在抗美援朝战争中牺牲的11以上的高级将军中，116师参谋长雪剑强是最年轻的一人，他牺牲的时候只有29岁。每个人都不想死，每个人都想活推翻了这条规则，荣誉勇敢地接近死神。雪剑强在朝鲜战地日记中写道，他所说的荣誉是个人的追求和理想，是对祖国的爱和对人民军队的诚实。雪剑强，原名雪桂珊，江苏涟水县人，1922年出生，1940年加入新四军，1941年4月加入中国共产党，历任涟水县大队领导，中国人民解放军营长、团长、中国人民志愿军师参谋长等职务。
1945年9月，雪剑强加入了解放淮阴的战斗。之后，雪剑强和部队一起进入东北，参加了四平防卫战、长春抵抗战等战斗。在靠山屯战斗中，他的腿被击中，一直坚持在前线，直到战斗取得最终胜利。
辽沈战役中，雪剑强突出，战后被授予勇敢勋章。在平津战役中，雪剑强带领部队从和平门冲进城市，胜利后，他挥舞戈南下，从湖南到广西。
1950年10月，志愿军第39军116师首次在抗美援朝前线作战，雪剑强任116师参谋长，率部参加了第一、第二、第三次战斗。在第一次战斗中，116师与115师合作，在云山战斗中美国开国元勋师骑了1师，歼灭了2000多名敌人，创造了中美现代陆军首次交战的胜利，没收了4架飞机。在第二次战斗中，116师347团通过战场呼吁，美25师24团的工兵全连投降了115人的集体战场。第三次战役中，雪剑强带领侦察队侦察敌情，逮捕12名俘虏，了解敌人在三八线70公里防区内的详情，为战斗胜利提供了可靠的信息。
1951年1月，347团1营向釜谷里进攻。在激烈的战斗中，雪剑强始终坚持在第一线指挥。1月3日下午，雪剑强冒着敌人的炮火去阵地的最前线看敌人，打算在黄昏组织部队出击。正当他在树下举着镜子观察敌情时，敌人的子弹爆炸，弹片击中太阳穴，年轻的他倒在异国战场上。
为纪念他的不朽功勋，朝鲜特将釜谷里山改名为剑强岭。雪剑强牺牲后，他的遗体被运回祖国，埋葬在黑龙江哈尔滨烈士陵园。
他的墓碑静静地站着，他勇敢奋斗，不怕牺牲的精神广为流传。雪剑强是崇高理想、经历百战的指挥官。涟水县党史委员会主任王继华说:他用不怕牺牲的精神解释了英雄这个词。
光明日报(2020年10月20日03版)。
本文关键词：亚博app,亚博app安全有保障
本文来源：亚博app-www.rxleds.comعایق چیست و از آن برای چه مواردی در صنعت استفاده می شود (بخش اول)
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عایق چیست و از آن برای چه مواردی در صنعت استفاده می شود، امروزه آکاهی از عایق و کاربردهای آن در صنایع مختلف، از مجموعه اطلاعات پایه ای و مهم است که می تواند برای مهندسان و طراحان خطوط لوله مفید و کاربردی باشد. در این مقاله سعی شده به تعریف عایق و کاربردهای آن پرداخته شود.
عایق لوله (pipe insulation)
از عایق ها به منظور عایق سازی لوله های حرارتی و صوتی در سیستم های لوله کشی استفاده می شود. به بیان ساده عایق بندی لوله به منظور گرم نگه داشتن لوله ها و جلوگیری از یخ زدگی در سرما به کار می رود.
متداول ترین عایق کاری لوله، عایق لوله کشی آب است که می توان به عایق هایی چون فایبرگلاس، پلاستیک و فایبرگلاس با فویل در آن اشاره کرد.
در شرایطی که نیاز به عایق بندی مقادیر بیشتری از لوله های در معرض سرما و گرما باشد، معمولا از عایق های لوله مانند استفاده می کنند. برای این منظور از لوله های فومی 6 فوتی با شکاف برای نصب آسان، استفاده می شود.
کاربردهای عایق لوله
از عایق لوله همانطور که گفته شد بیشتر برای جلوگیری از یخ زدگی لوله ها استفاده می شود. در ادامه به کاربردهای بیشتر این تجهیز پرداخته شده است.
کنترل تراکم
در جایی که لوله ها در دمای کمتر از دمای محیط کار می کنند، این امکان وجود دارد که بخار آب روی سطح لوله متراکم شود. همین موضوع باعث ایجاد رطوبت می شود. رطوبت نیز باعث ایجاد خوردگی در لوله می شود. بنابراین جلوگیری از ایجاد میعان روی سطح لوله امری ضروری و بسیار مهم است. عایق بندی لوله می تواند از ایجاد این رطوبت جلوگیری کند، زیرا در صورت عایق بندی دمای سطح عایق دور لوله با دمای سطح لوله متفاوت می شود.
میعان در صورتی ایجاد نمی شود که:
- دمای سطح عایق بالاتر از دمای هوا باشد.
- عایق شامل نوعی از سد بخار آب و یا کندکننده ایجاد بخار باشد که مانع عبور آب از طریق عایق به سطح لوله شود.
جلوگیری از انجماد لوله
از آنجا که برخی از لوله های آب بیرون از ساختمان و یا در مناطق سرد قرار دارند، ممکن است گاهی اوقات دمای محیط اطراف لوله زیر نقطه انجماد آب قرار گیرد. در این حالت آب در لوله یخ می زند. زمانی که آب منجمد شود، منبسط شده و می تواند باعث شکستگی و خرابی لوله ها شود. البته عایق بندی لوله در مقابل انجماد تنها در زمانی قابل انجام است که آب در لوله جریان داشته باشد. با عایق بندی نمی توان مانع از یخ زدگی آب ایستا در لوله شد اما می توان زمان لازم برای یخ زدگی را افزایش داد، در نتیجه انجماد لوله ها کاهش می یابد.|These are books the 5th graders have read so far|
all the reading strategies (9) background knowledge (6) Beth Newingham (6) character traits (5) Common Core (8) Eve Bunting (9) favorite books (49) favorite websites (21) Favorite Youtube videos (5) genre (6) grade 4 (47) inferring (19) making connections (4) MCAS (8) Miss Alaineus (3) narrative elements (14) paperback swap (1) persuasive writing (1) poetry (10) point of view (4) professional books (14) questioning (11) show don't tell (1) SMARTboards (24) spelling (1) summarizing (5) synthesis (3) technology (11) text features (3) text structure (1) Trophies Anthology (13) visualizing (5) vocabulary instruction (13) writing (10)
Friday, October 12, 2012
Point of View
The new Common Core standards are quite challenging when it comes to teaching point of view. I haven't had to teach the difference between first and third person point of view to fourth and fifth graders before. After reading a story and determining its point of view together, we have been adding it to this poster in our room.
We've also started ELA notebooking and I'm finding that very exciting. I will take some pictures of our notebooks and put together a post about that. One page in our notebook matches the point of view poster above. Christineحتماً تا به حال هنگامی که با اتوبوس و یا مترو در حال تردد درون شهری هستید از دستگیرههایی که جهت حفظ تعادل در شرایط ایستاده تعبيه شده است استفاده کردهاید. خوب تصوير کنيد به جاي عکس يک مايه ظرفشويي اگر این دستگيرهها دارای صفحهنمایش بود و ميتوانستيد در آن بازي کنيد چه میشد؟ این دقیقاً طرحی است که با عنوان Strap Game شناخته میشود و شما میتوانید در حالی که ایستادهاید (در مترو یا BRT دارید له میشوید!) و این دستگیره ها را گرفته با آنها بازیهایی از قبیل Tetris ،Pin Ball و چند بازی سبک دیگر را بازی کنید، تا حواستان پرت شود و زمانی را که در انتظار هستید تا به مقصد برسید را سپری کنید! خوب نظرتان در مورد اين طور بازي کردن چيست؟EP-WXT Pathfinder 是一个模块的实验版本，最终将成为天文卫星爱因斯坦探测器 (EP) 上的宽视场 X 射线望远镜 (WXT) 的一部分，它于 8 月 27 日发布了早期试飞的第一个结果. 其中包括一张 800 秒的 X 射线延时照片，拍摄了银河系中心的一个区域，这是我们所在银河系核心的密集区域。
这些标志着迄今为止向公众开放的第一张我们宇宙的宽视场 X 射线快照，由有史以来第一台真正的宽视场 X 射线聚焦成像望远镜在太空中飞行拍摄。
中国科学院（CAS）的科学家在中国太原举行的第二届中国空间科学大会上报告了这一结果。
自 60 年前首次探测到来自宇宙深处的 X 射线信号以来，直到 Pathfinder 之前，都没有可用于 X 射线勘测和监测的宽视场 X 射线聚焦望远镜。
探路者被送入轨道以验证模块的在轨性能。 实验之旅旨在为 EP 的未来在轨科学操作铺平道路，因为它在软 X 射线波段进行观测。
EP 将通过观察瞬变来探索时域天体物理学中的开放性问题。 该任务由 CAS 与欧洲航天局 (ESA) 和马克斯普朗克地外物理研究所合作赞助，预计将于 2023 年底飞行。
WXT 测试模块的视场范围高达 340 平方度（18.6°×18.6°）宽，这使其成为第一台真正的宽视场 X 射线聚焦成像望远镜。 由于 X 射线光子的高能量，通过弯曲光线（聚焦）进行 X 射线成像是出了名的困难； 更难从宽视野中获得清晰的图像。 由于采用了称为龙虾眼微孔光学的最先进技术，该测试模块的视野至少是其他聚焦 X 射线成像仪的 100 倍。 搭载 EP 的完整 WXT 将由 12 个相同的模块组成，覆盖范围高达 3,600 平方度宽的视野。
试飞期间，探路者共进行了四天的在轨实验观测，并根据实际测量获得了真实的X射线光谱和图像。
Pathfinder 的关键部件包括 X 射线成像镜组件，该组件具有 36 个微孔龙虾眼板阵列和一个由四组大幅面成像传感器组成的焦平面探测器。
尽管这些结果仍然是初步的并且必须进行广泛的数据处理，但试飞表明，即使是一次观测也可以覆盖观测到的天空斑块内所有方向的 X 射线源，包括恒星质量黑洞和中子星星。 该观察还捕捉到了来自包含中子星的双星系统的 X 射线变亮。 这些观测数据提供了有关来自这些天体的 X 射线辐射怎样随时间变化的信息，以及这些天体的 X 射线光谱。 测试观察得到的图像和光谱与模拟高度一致。
该仪器还瞄准了许多其他 X 射线源，包括大麦哲伦 Cloud (LMC)，我们邻近的星系之一。 结果表明，即使是一次观测也可以覆盖整个银河系，探测到多个 X 射线源，包括黑洞、中子星和超新星遗迹。 该仪器对距离 8.1 亿光年的遥远类星体 3C 382 的清晰成像揭示了其探测相对微弱的 X 射线源的能力。 在未来的观测中，该成像仪有望有效监测天体的 X 射线变异性并发现新的瞬变源。
据EP任务首席研究员（PI）、中国科学院国家天文台（NAOC）研究员袁伟民博士介绍，初步结果显示“仪器运行平稳”，满足EP WXT模块要求。 “很高兴看到长达十年的努力取得了初步成果，”他说。
参与 EP 任务的其他研究人员也很满意。
WXT 反射镜组件的 PI 张晨博士表示，探测器发射后的结果保证了“丰富、高质量的数据”。
ESA 任命的 EP 任务科学家和莱斯特大学研究员 Paul O’Brien 教授说，结果“确实令人印象深刻”。
“几十年来，我们一直在等待真正的宽视场软 X 射线成像仪，因此很高兴看到 WXT 测试模块在 EP-WXT Pathfinder 上飞行，”O’ 教授 Richard Willingale 教授说布赖恩在莱斯特大学的同事。What is obsessive compulsive disorder?
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder which is dominated by obsessive (or intrusive) thoughts or images in the mind, and compulsive behaviours, such as rituals and urges to respond to the thoughts. There is normally this overwhelming feeling of responsibility, that if a compulsion is not carried out then something bad will happen.
An obsession is an unwanted and unpleasant thought, image or urge that repeatedly enters your mind. It can cause the feeling of anxiety, worry, disgust or unease
A compulsion is a repetitive behaviour or mental act that you feel you need to carry out to try to temporarily relieve the unpleasant feelings brought on by the obsessive thought. It could be something like repeatedly checking a door is locked, repeating a specific phrase in your head or checking how your body feels.
For example, someone with an obsessive fear of their house being burgled may feel they need to check all the windows and doors are locked several times before they can leave the house.
Many people experience minor obsessions where they worry about leaving the gas on, or if the door is locked, and compulsions such as check doors and windows before leaving the house. These don’t significantly interfere with daily life, and generally short-lived.
OCD has a big impact on how you live your life:
Disruption to your day-to-day life Repeating compulsions can take up a lot of time and energy, and you might avoid certain situations that trigger your OCD, which can can have an impact on your work and home life
Impact on your relationships OCD can result in feelings of doubt, anxiety and fear, which can affect how you interact with people around you, therefore have an impact on your relationship with others
Feeling ashamed or lonely The nature of the obsessive thoughts my cause you to feel ashamed and unable to speak to anyone about them. This can make you feel very isolated and lonely
Impact on your physical health OCD causes anxiety which includes experiencing a stream of physical sensations, this can have a knock-on affect on your physical health
What are the causes of OCD?
Cognitive and behavioural therapy (CBT) helps us to understand our issues by breaking them into five smaller parts – Situation, Thoughts, Emotions, Physical Sensations and Behaviour. These five parts are normally interconnected and maintain the problem.
Using this CBT model, we can explain some of the common signs of OCD:
How can we help?
OCD is like a bully, the strong thoughts in the mind can make a person feel that they need to act on it to make it stop, and if they do nothing, the thoughts will stay and keep on bullying. People give into the obsessive thoughts by carrying out their compulsions, however this offers a temporary relief only, until the thought return next time.
You can overcome OCD and break the cycle by doing things differently and thinking differently. This is done by challenging the obsessive thoughts, use relaxation techniques to calm the anxiety symptoms, and do things differently to not give into the OCD bully.
Mindset Rethink can help you to:
- Increase awareness and understanding of OCD
- Identify and set specific and manageable goals
- Explain the CBT model to you and how it can help with OCD
- Evaluate and challenge your obsessive thoughts
- Practice mindfulness to control the focus of your attention
- Exposure and response prevention
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，世行每年向北京提供10億至15億美元低利息貸款。世行表示，給予中國的貸款將由目前每年平均18億美元逐步減少。
新貸款計劃要求，每年向中共提供的資金比過去5年平均每年18億美元的金額逐漸減少。
美國財政部長姆努欽表示，美方已對當前的計劃提交了反對意見。他批評道：作為僅次於美國的第二大經濟體，中國財力相當雄厚，甚至向其他國家提供數以千億計美元貸款，用於一帶一路建設，因此不應獲得國際資助。Con Drive-in della Telestream è possibile registrare sul proprio hard disk una copia fedele di qualsiasi DVD
Grazie a un accordo con la DVD CCA (Copy Control Association), Telestream ha sviluppato un semplice programma che, al contrario di altri prodotti che permettono di creare copie più o meno legali di DVD, non elimina le protezioni, assicurando quindi la perfetta legalità dell'operazione. La copia creata è legata al codice seriale del programma e può essere trasferita su un massimo di altri quattro Mac acquistando la licenza per cinque utenti che ha un costo di 59 dollari, contro i 39 di quella singola. A ciascun DVD registrato sull'hard disk si può associare la grafica originale del case e tutte le altre informazioni normalmente presenti, come trama, nomi dei protagonisti, ecc. Con un Mac recente, la registrazione di una copia richiede circa mezz'ora e, poiché il contenuto del DVD è copiato integralmente, le dimensioni del file risultante sono le stesse del DVD originale. La versione dimostrativa permette di creare le copie di due DVD e può essere scaricata all'indirizzo http://www.flip4mac.com/drivein.htm.(Tempo di lettura 2 minuti) Ricordi “Fame”, il musical degli anni ’80? Racconta l’emozionante vita di un gruppo di studenti di danza di New York. Ebbe grande successo così da essere trasposto successivamente nei teatri di mezzo mondo, ed ogni
Questo sito utilizza i cookie per fornire la migliore esperienza di navigazione possibile. Continuando a utilizzare questo sito senza modificare le impostazioni dei cookie o cliccando su "Accetta" permetti il loro utilizzo.27/29 April: Shabbat Tazia/Metzora comes in 8.04pm, goes out 9.14pm
The opening paragraph of this weeks double parsha, Tazria-Metzorah deals with a mother who gives birth, and the required period of Tum’ah/Impurity that she undergoes. The parsha also mentions in a short verse that the brit takes place on the 8th day. Our rabbis learn from this that even if the 8th day is Shabbat the bris takes place.
Normally the Shabbat law would dictate that one does not do a surgical procedure on Shabbat. So why does the circumcision take precedence over Shabbat? Biblically, both Shabbat and circumcision are considered an “Ot” – a sign of the covenantal relationship between God and the children of Israel.
Since it is the brit milah that places males into the covenantal relationship in the first place, it makes sense (meaning you can’t observe Shabbat if you were not made Jewish with a bris to begin with) that a brit milah supersedes Shabbat and is permitted to be observed on this day.
Are baby girls just born Jewish? Many Jewish communities have also had ways of welcoming their daughters into the covenant with celebrations that date as far back as the Middle Ages, but they were more often folk custom than religious ritual per se, and rarely had the same sense of spiritual weight or importance as brit milah.
After a few decades of witnessing Brit Bat or Simchat Bat (Bris/covenant welcoming for a girl) ceremonies, Deborah Nussbaum Cohen has written Celebrating Your New Jewish Daughter: Creating Jewish Ways to Welcome Baby Girls into the Covenant (Jewish Lights). It contains an exploration of the themes and issues related to simchat bat, and a complete collection of blessings, prayers, readings, and songs to choose from, as well as sample ceremonies. Today, welcoming ceremonies for Jewish girls have become so popular that in many circles they have become an expected–if not yet universally practiced–rite of passage.
Rabbi Paul ArbermanDear Reader! Continuing the previus theme, we can say about the action risk related to the greenhouse gases human activities started from 1988, when The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was created. It is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change. It was established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to provide the world with a clear scientific view on the current state of knowledge in climate change and its potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Its mission : “the scientific, technical and socioeconomic information relevant for the understanding of the risk of human-induced climate change. It does not carry out new research nor does it monitor climate-related data. It bases its assessment mainly on published and peer reviewed scientific technical literature.” This task adressess of a considerable number of climate, metteorology, hydrometeorology, biology annd related sciences areas Researchers, those that gather to discuss the scientific evidences and models results, to the objective of a goal of reaching a consensus on the latest trends in climate change. In 1990, IPCC published The First Assessment Report (FAR). Confirming the existent scientific knowledge concern, IPCC concluded : ” continued greenhouse gas accumulation in the atmosphere would lead to anthropic climate change, whose pace and magnitude would likely have major effects on natural and human systems“. Given effects that human activities, specially to the gases artificial emission and production were globally changing environment, ONU’s General committee emited a Resolution to the environment change to the future generation and mandate to negociate an International meeting to the Climate Change, that implied in the Intergovernment Negociating Committee, to discuss a panel to the Climate Change.
In May 1992, the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee finalized the relatory, approving the final draft of the Framework-Convention, which was placed to international membership at the Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992, established the basis for international cooperation on technical issues and policies related to global warming. Fundamentally the Convention seeks to protect what it calls a “climate system”, which means the entire atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and geosphere and their interactions.
The climate system is a matter of concern to the extent because of climate change, which means a change in weather patterns that can be attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is add to that caused by the natural variability to the climate observed over comparable time periods.
The convention is based in two basic principles : Care and shared responsability, but in a different manner. The “Care” principle reffers to the fact that lack of full not scientific certainty can’t be used to a reason to the countries to postpone adoption measures to prevent, avoid or minimize the cause to climate change and mitigate its negative effects.
“Common but differentiated responsability” principle considers that exists a worldwide common responsability, because every country contributes to the global climate change and all are going to be affected by its consequence. And so differentiated, because some countries are more responsible for the global warming, in case of they contribute more to the problem due to their hystoric and updated emissions, and why they have more possibilites to face the problem, as their economic and technology capacities. The Convention’s final objective and all of efforts done is to reach grenhouse gases concentration stabilization in the atmosphere, in a level that prevent its antropic interference – action human results – danger to the climate system, under three especific conditions:
- this level will be obtained in a suficient time that permits to the ecosystems naturally adopt to the climate change;
- In those planed actions , it is assured no threat to food production;
- To enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.
The common goal is to have a future where development will be based on less intensive carbon polution , in a sustainability criteria.Marco AlegreAustralian Journal of Teacher Education
Transforming Thai Preschool Teachers' Knowledge on Inclusive Practice: A Collaborative Inquiry
Educating children with disabilities alongside their peers in mainstream preschools has increased intensely over the past few years, affecting all aspects of early childhood education. Many children who previously would have been educated in segregated special centres are now being included in inclusive preschools. This research paper discusses how Thai preschool teachers’ professional knowledge in inclusive education influence the ways they practice within preschool classrooms. Qualitative data obtained through observations and collaborative inquiry with teachers drawn from four preschool in Bangkok, Thailand showed that the lack of adequate teacher preparation for inclusive practice rendered the teachers helpless and unable to deliver curriculum that caters for the learning needs of children with disabilities. This paper contributes to the growing body of research to inform the usefulness of collaborative inquiry in helping teachers explore educational issues in systematic ways and determine solutions through reflection and dialogic inquiry.
Agbenyega, Joseph Seyram and Klibthong, Sunanta
"Transforming Thai Preschool Teachers' Knowledge on Inclusive Practice: A Collaborative Inquiry,"
Australian Journal of Teacher Education: Vol. 40
, Article 5.
Available at: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol40/iss7/5
Disability and Equity in Education Commons, Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education CommonsAutoimmune hepatitis is when the immune system mistakenly attacks the liver, causing damage and swelling. Treatment involves managing the symptoms and using medication to suppress the immune system.
Although less prevalent than other forms of hepatitis, researchers are still uncertain how common autoimmune hepatitis is in the population. The
The disease may be a lifelong one. However, most people can manage the symptoms, bring the condition into remission, and slow liver damage.
Symptoms of autoimmune hepatitis can vary.
This may be due to the severity of the initial liver damage is in each case, and people may experience
Anyone with these symptoms who does not have a diagnosis should see a doctor.
Sometimes a person with autoimmune hepatitis may show little or no symptoms until scar tissue from cirrhosis causes its own complications. Other symptoms may show up, as the disorder progresses, and more liver tissue becomes damaged.
These could include:
- loss of weight
- swollen legs, ankles, and feet
- itchy skin
- fluid in the abdomen
Not all symptoms will show up in everyone with the disorder. More symptoms may show up if the person has other issues in addition to autoimmune hepatitis, such as other autoimmune conditions.
Complications may also occur if there is too much damage to the liver or if the person leaves the condition for too long without receiving treatment. Complications can be serious and include:
- cirrhosis or scar tissue on the liver
- liver failure or end-stage liver disease
- liver cancer
Complications may require extensive treatments, and a person may need a liver transplant in some cases.
What are the causes?
There is still no known direct cause for autoimmune hepatitis. The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center note that people who have a family history of autoimmune conditions, or those with other autoimmune diseases, may be more likely to get autoimmune hepatitis.
According to the
No matter what triggers the disease, the cause of the symptoms is damage to the liver. The immune system in the body gets wrong signals about normal cells, mistaking them for invading cells. It attacks these cells and damages the liver tissue, leading to symptoms over time.
If a person suspects they may have liver damage, they should see a doctor.
Doctors will ask about:
- medical history
- lifestyle habits, such as alcohol or drug use
A doctor will often request blood tests first and may also order a biopsy.
During a biopsy, a doctor will take a small piece of liver tissue and examine the cells for damage. They will then test for specific antibodies to determine the type of autoimmune hepatitis a person is exhibiting.
The goal of treatment is to suppress symptoms and control the disease, as best as possible.
The first treatment many doctors provide is corticosteroids or immune system-suppressing drugs. These medications work to lower activity of the immune system in general, which may help slow the attack on the liver.
Treatment will also include regular blood tests to be sure the body is responding well to the treatment.
It is possible for autoimmune hepatitis to fail to respond to treatment, and doctors may recommend additional drugs to control inflammation or prevent liver damage. In these cases, people may be more at risk of complications that then require their own treatments.
How can diet improve the condition?
Doctors may, however, recommend changes in diet, as part of a general treatment plan. This may be especially important if damage to the liver leads to complications, such as cirrhosis.
Doctors will warn people to avoid alcohol in most cases, as autoimmune hepatitis can damage the liver.
The condition may go into remission with the correct treatment plan. Remission occurs when symptoms disappear, and test results show normal liver function.
Doctors will often carefully reduce any medications the person is taking during remission, and it is essential to
Doctors may try several medications to achieve remission. If a person relapses, their doctor will restart or increase their medication to bring symptoms under control again and return to remission.
Autoimmune hepatitis often lasts a lifetime. People need to work closely with a doctor to monitor symptoms and control the condition. This also helps prevent any potentially serious complications. Many people find effective treatments that provide relief and help manage the condition.
Anyone who is uncertain about their treatment should talk to a doctor about the options. It is essential that people tell their doctor about all medications and supplements they use, as there may be interactions that cause unforeseen complications.
Regular checkups and adjustments in medication are crucial for successful treatment, and many people can find ways to control their symptoms and force the condition into remission.Anadolu Bursiyerleri Programı, bir gencin hayallerine üç saatlik bir sınavla müdahale etme girişimlerinin boşa çıkarılması demek.
Koç Üniversitesi’nde Tıp okumak benim hayalimdi. Çünkü kariyerime araştırmacı olarak devam etmeyi kafama koymuştum. Diğer tıp fakülteleri beni çok iyi bir klinisyen yapmaya yetebilirdi ama benim bir tıp eğitiminden beklentim bunun çok daha fazlasıydı. Koç Üniversitesi’nden tek tip doktorlar olarak mezun olmanıza imkân yok! Bir müzik aletiyle, bir spor dalıyla ilgilenmemeniz mümkün değil. Ben bu yıl, salsa ve ebruyla ilgilenmeyi planlıyorum. Ayrıca KU Gönüllüleri ve eKUal’da rol alacağım. Kapalı yüzme havuzu ve fitness salonundan da faydalanıyorum. Kendimi 10 yıl içinde, bir laboratuvarda insanlığa faydalı bir buluş/fikir üretmeye çalışırken görüyorum. Bunun temellerini de Koç Üniversitesi’nde atıyorum. Burada eğitiminize devam ederken bir araştırmanın parçası olmanız için destekleniyorsunuz. Laboratuvar kültürünü, yöntemlerini öğreniyorsunuz. Bence Anadolu Bursiyerleri Programı, bir gencin hayatına ve hayallerine üç saatlik bir sınavla müdahale etme girişimlerinin boşa çıkarılması demek. Hayallerimin gerçekleşmesine katkıda bulunan herkese teşekkür ediyorum.On the morning of July 18, 1936 General Francisco Franco began the fascist rebellion against the Spanish Republican liberal bourgeois regime in Madrid. This move was immediately met by armed resistance of the urban proletariat who, after defeating the fascists in half of Spain began the revolutionary process of expropriating industry, while their counterparts among the peasantry collectivized agriculture.
An analysis of the Revolution and the “Civil War,” which left over a million dead in three years, is presented here with its emphasis on workers’ councils, those organs of revolution established by the proletariat to self-manage its own affairs.
It is reprinted from Pointblank published in 1972. All footnotes are by the Fifth Estate staff.
Forty years after its first victories, the Spanish Revolution remains the most significant of the various experiments in self-management which have taken place in this century. The experience of the Spanish workers’ councils forms an important point of departure for the modern proletariat, both in terms of its accomplishments and its failures.
The widespread concealment of this aspect of history made by the proletariat only reinforces its fundamentally radical character. Suppressed by bourgeois historians and Leninists alike, and distorted into an unrecognizable myth by those anarchists who treasure it as one of their “golden moments,” the revolutionary movement in Spain continues to be a source of embarrassment for ideology.
The activities of the “uncontrollable elements” of the Spanish proletariat proved to be a scandal to all parties.
The Revolution was eliminated long before the victory of the fascists by a combined force of Stalinists, liberals and “libertarian” bureaucrats of the very anarchist movement in whose name the most radical members of the working class acted. The Spanish “Civil War” began only after the defeat of the Revolution.
The revolution in Spain represents the last stand of the traditional proletarian movement and within its history are contained all the positive aspects of this movement as well as the counter-revolutionary forces and ideologies which were to oppose it. The struggle which had developed between Leninism and the councils in Russia was to be repeated in Spain on a larger and more profound scale.
By rediscovering the councilist form in its own practice, the Spanish proletariat were the heirs of Kronstadt and the councils of Germany and Italy, with the Spanish councils the revolutionary movement which had been defeated by Social Democracy and Bolshevism reappeared. The Spanish Revolution was an international struggle, not only in the sense that its combatants came from many countries, but because its existence stood in opposition to all the ruling powers of the world.
As the Italian anarchist Berneri observed: “Today we are fighting against Burgos but tomorrow we will have to fight against Moscow in order to defend our freedom.” This war against hierarchy; moreover was to become a struggle against ideology in general.
Revolution Marked Tactical Failure
In understanding the Spanish Revolution, it is not a question of merely rendering its “unconscious tendencies conscious,” but in explaining the actions of a highly class-conscious proletariat—actions which were veiled in ideology, yet transcended it.
The appearance of the councils in 1936 was the product of 50 years of revolutionary activity, most of it under the aegis of the Spanish anarchist movement. Yet the actual revolution marked the tactical failure of the anarchists; the expropriations of July were in response to a fascist putsch and not an anarchist insurrection.
The anarchists’ faith in the powers of a general strike had largely prove to be illusory; the CNT-FAI had failed, in rising after rising, to be capable of extending the locus of revolution beyond the parochial confines of a few cities or regions. By 1936, the ideology of anarcho-syndicalism had been shown to be obsolete; the spontaneous development of workers’ councils during the course of the 1933 Aragon insurrection and the Asturian miners’ revolt represented a practical advance upon the anarcho-syndicalist program of building a revolutionary society based on unions.
The revolutionary committees of Aragon and Asturias, which had established themselves as a social and economic
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NICHD has had a strong influence on the types of instruction in that subject that the federal government supports, most notably through the $1 billion-a-year Reading First grant program, which requires the use of research-based instructional strategies in that subject.
Critics have accused the NICHD of favoring research that supports phonics, a teaching method rooted in associations between sounds and letters, at the expense of other approaches.
Similar philosophical divides exist over how to teach math. The “math wars” have pitted those who call for stronger teaching of basic number facts and foundational skills against those who worry that such an approach will result in too much rote memorization and drill, and not enough problem-solving.
Over the past year, improving math and science education has become a major focus among federal officials, who worry that the nation is not turning out enough students who can fill highly skilled jobs.
Earlier this year, the Bush administration announced a series of steps aimed at improving how math is taught, including the formation of the National Mathematics Advisory Panel, a group of 17 experts charged with identifying what research says about how to teach that subject.
The NICHD program would seem well positioned to provide that research. Mr. Berch serves as one of the panel’s six nonvoting members. And two cognitive psychologists whose work has been funded through his program—David C. Geary of the University of Missouri-Columbia, and Robert S. Siegler of Carnegie Mellon University—were also named to the panel. Mr. Berch said he offered advice to Department of Education officials about who might serve, but had no say in the final selection.
Area of Need?
Mr. Geary believes the math panel can help make educators aware of the research emerging from the NICHD program. NICHD support for reading “really clarified where instruction should be focused,” Mr. Geary said, by examining “the processes of reading. I think the same applies to math and science.”
Jere Confrey, a professor of mathematics education at Washington University in St. Louis, agreed that knowing more about students’ cognitive skills in math and science is important. But she also saw a more urgent need for studies on instruction in those subjects, and how to prepare teachers to work with students of different abilities. Ms. Confrey led a panel of the congressionally chartered National Research Council that produced a report in 2004 on how to judge the effectiveness of math curricula. ("NRC Urges Multiple Studies For Math Curricula," May 26, 2004.)
“We have more problems in instruction than pure cognitive research,” Ms. Confrey said. “Cognition has to be fostered by effective and rich classroom discussion.”
Like Ms. Confrey, James Hiebert, a professor of education at the University of Delaware in Newark, questioned whether the NICHD math and science program would favor research on basic math skills rather than problem-solving ability.
“It’s easier to investigate cognition in simple-skill learning than in conceptual understanding,” Mr. Hiebert said. “Sometimes research tends to be skewed toward basic fact learning.”
But after hearing a description of various math projects supported by the NICHD program, in distinct areas such as estimation, number sense, and mastery of arithmetic facts, Mr. Hiebert added that he could detect no ideological bias in the program’s work.
Mr. Berch said his only concern is funding useful research on cognition and learning disabilities, not weighing in on ideological disputes.
“We are not taking sides with respect to the math wars,” he maintained.
In the 1970s and 1980s, cognitive research on how students solve arithmetic proved extremely valuable and shaped classroom pedagogy and curricula for years to come, Mr. Hiebert said. Today’s research could prove similarly important, he said.
“One of the problems we have in math is we don’t understand the learning processes well enough to know [which] instructional strategies might be preferred,” Mr. Hiebert said. Valuable research “eventually finds its way into the system, even if the effect is so indirect that it’s hard to trace it back to the original source.”
Vol. 25, Issue 41, Pages 33,35
- Lake Forest School District, Felton, DE
- Accomack County Public Schools, Accomac, VA
- Principal, Niwot High School
- St. Vrain Valley School District, CO
- High School Principal
- Harrisonburg City Public Schools, VA
- Principal at Northridge High School
- Tuscaloosa City Schools, Tuscaloosa, ALNurturing skills and building confidence in the water
For more than 160 years, the YMCA has nurtured potential and united communities to create lasting, meaningful change. In each of our communities, the Y is in the service of building a better us. One of the most effective ways to accomplish this is to teach youth, teens, and adults to swim, so they can stay safe around water and learn the skills they need to make swimming a lifelong pursuit for staying healthy.
Y swim instructors are nationally certified. Their training includes CPR, AED, First Aid and Oxygen Administration. Swim lessons provide important life skills that could save a life and will benefit youth and adult swimming students for a lifetime.
Infant And Toddler Swim Lessons
At the YMCA, our goal is to create a healthy respect for water to keep youth safe while creating a lifelong love of aquatics environments. Accompanied by a parent*, infants and toddlers learn to be comfortable in the water and develop swim readiness skills through fun and confidence-building swim lessons experiences. At the same time, parents learn about water safety, drowning prevention, and the importance of supervision.
Infants and toddlers will be introduced to the aquatic environment safely and comfortably to gain confidence and a healthy respect for the water. As students progress and grow, they begin to explore body positions, blowing bubbles and fundamental safety and aquatics skills.
*Parent must participate in the water with child during the class
Preschool and Youth Lessons: Strong swimmers. Confident kids.
New to swim lessons? The basis of Y swim lessons is water safety skills. Students learn personal water safety and achieve basic swimming competency by learning two benchmark skills: swim, float, swim—sequencing front glide, roll, back float, roll, front glide and exit—and jump, push, turn, grab.
As students progress, they are taught in swim lessons the recommended skills for all to have around water, including safe water habits, underwater exploration and how to swim to safety and exit in the event of falling into a body of water. Activities, games, and drills geared to reinforce learning are utilized heavily as students continue through this skill-based approach to swimming. After having mastered the fundamentals, students learn additional water safety skills, build stroke techniques, develop skills that prevent chronic disease, increase social-emotional and cognitive well-being and foster a lifetime of physical activity.
Preschool and School Aged Advanced Swim Lessons
After having mastered the fundamentals, students learn additional water safety skills and build stroke technique preventing chronic disease, increasing social-emotional and cognitive well-being and fostering a lifetime of physical activity. Students work on refining stroke technique and learning all major competitive strokes in swimming lessons. The emphasis on water safety continues through treading water and sidestroke. Students will learn about competitive swimming and discover how to incorporate swimming into a healthy lifestyle.
Teen & Adult Swim Lessons
No matter your age, water safety is important. Whether joining Y swim lessons to gain basic water safety skills, get over a fear of the water, or develop swimming techniques, we have options for teens and adults of all ages. Group swim lessons, semi-private, private and even Masters Swim programs are available through the YMCA.
For parents, your family is safer around water when you are comfortable around water and have the adult swimming skills to keep yourself and your children safe.
Private and Semi-Private Swim Lessons
Are you looking to refine a specific stroke, perfect your flip-turn, have a flexible swim lesson schedule and want quick results or individual attention? Private and semi-private swim lessons are perfect for you!
Private Lessons focus on increasing your child’s skill at any age.
- Lessons can be private one-on-one instruction or a semi-private lesson with two or more participants.
- Lessons are scheduled at the frequency, days and times that fit your schedule.
Private and semi-private lessons are not available or are limited during group lessons.
Specialty Programs and Classes
Swimmers who love the water and want further instruction for future aquatics activities enjoy participating in our Specialty Programs focused on leadership, competition and recreation. We continually develop our specialty swimming lesson program curriculum.
Stroke Development Clinics and Boosters
Stroke Development Clinics and Boosters are for advanced students ages five and up who wish to improve or perfect their technique.
- Stroke Clinics focus on mastering one specific stroke at a time, such as freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly.
- Stroke Boosters focus on refining all four competitive swim strokes: freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly. Swimmers work on improving endurance, technique and speed.
Trust Our Team
Parents can help establish trust between youth and their instructors by sitting back from the class and allowing the instructor to give guidance, help solve issues, etc. Talk with your child(ren) about their time at lessons and your role during this time versus the instructor. If needed, talk with the instructor about how to help establish boundaries.
Reinforce and practice swim skills taught during class by spending time together during recreational swim at your local YMCA. Checkout our pool schedule for availability.
Safety is the number one priority around any depth of water. Find tips and information to help keep your family safe.
Frequently Asked Questions
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At age 2, my daughter and I started lessons at the YMCA. By age 3, she was able to float on her back, swim to the side and get herself out of the pool. At age 5, she had developed skills to join the swim team. We continued to supplement these skills with private swim lessons to work on the specifics of stroke improvement.2012 KPSS Önlisans Sınav Soruları Zormuydu?
2012 Kamu Personel Seçme Sınavı (KPSS Önlisans) soruları zor muydu? Adayların ne düşünüyor?
Adayların heyecanla beklediği 2012 KPSS Önlisans Sınavı bugün yapıldı. Sınav, Ölçme Seçme ve Yerleştirme Merkezi'nce (ÖSYM), 159 il ve ilçe merkezinde ve Lefkoşa'da gerçekleştirildi.
Adaylara Genel Yetenek ve Genel Kültür testlerinden toplam 120 soru için 120 dakika süre verildi.
Sınava hazırlık yapan adaylar genel olarak sınav sorularını normal bulurken bazı adaylar soruların zorluğundan yakındı. Sınav sorularının zorluk düzeyi ile ilgili düşüncelerinizi aşağıdaki yorum ekle bağlantısına tıklayarak yapabilirsiniz...
Sorular ne zaman açıklanır?
Sınav sorularının 24 Eylül tarihinde ÖSYM'nin sitesinde açıklanması bekleniyor. Sınav soru ve cevapları ÖSYM ile eş zamanlı olarak sitemizde yayımlanacak. Sınav soru ve cevaplarına aşağıdaki bağlantılardan ulaşabilirsiniz...
2012 KPSS Önlisans Sınavı Soru ve Cevapları (Sorular açıklandığında bağlantı aktif hale gelecek)
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(Redirected from Art historian)
Art history is the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts, i.e. genre, design, format, and style. This includes the "major" arts of painting, sculpture, and architecture as well as the "minor" arts of ceramics, furniture, and other decorative objects.
- Attempts to juggle domestic responsibilities with artistic production have often resulted in smaller bodies of work, and often works smaller in scale, than those produced by male contemporaries. Yet art history continues to privilege prodigious output and monumental scale or conception over the selective and the intimate.
- Whitney Chadwick Women, Art, and Society: Fourth Edition (2007) ISBN 0-500-20393-8
- Edward G. Robinson: Who knows, the woman who posed for the Mona Lisa might have been the evilest woman in the world.
- Batman (TV series) Batman's Satisfaction written by Charles Hoffman
- Throughout history, most artists created paintings, sculptures, and other objects for specific patrons and settings and to fulfill a specific purpose, even if today no one knows the original contexts of those artworks. Museum visitors can appreciate the visual and tactile qualities of these objects, but they cannot understand why they were made or why they appear as they do without knowing the circumstances of their creation. Art appreciation does not require knowledge of the historical context of an artwork (or a building). Art history does.
- Fred S. Kleiner, Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History (14th ed., 2012), p. 1
- The history of art can be a history of artists and their works, of styles and stylistic change, of materials and techniques, of images and themes and their meanings, and of contexts and cultures and patrons. The best art historians analyze artworks from many viewpoints. But no art historian (or scholar in any other field), no matter how broad-minded in approach and no matter how experienced, can be truly objective. As were the artists who made the works illustrated and discussed in this book, art historians are members of a society, participants in its culture. How can scholars (and museum visitors and travelers to foreign locales) comprehend cultures unlike their own? They can try to reconstruct the original cultural contexts of artworks, but they are limited by their distance from the thought patterns of the cultures they study and by the obstructions to understanding—the assumptions, presuppositions, and prejudices peculiar to their own culture—their own thought patterns raise. Art historians may reconstruct a distorted picture of the past because of culture-bound blindness.
- Fred S. Kleiner, Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History (14th ed., 2012), p. 13
- It's a tour of the gay art history of the Vatican, so it's telling the backstory of a lot of the artists who did happen to be gay and talking a little bit about the eroticism of the art, which is very prevalent and very obvious but left out in the typical, kind of staid and, let's be honest, boring standard Vatican tour.
- Jo Piazza (managing editor of Yahoo Travel)
- Abstract art as it is conceived at present is a game bequeathed to painting and sculpture by art history. One who accepts its premises must consent to limit his imagination to a depressing casuistry regarding the formal requirements of modernism.
- Harold Rosenberg Art on the Edge, (1975) p. 71, "Lester Johnson's Abstract Men"
- One cannot, however, avoid saying a few words about individuals who lay down the law to art in the name of art history. Art criticism today is beset by art historians turned inside out to function as prophets of so-called inevitable trends. A determinism similar to that projected into the evolution of past styles is clamped upon art in the making. In this parody of art history, value judgments are deduced from a presumed logic of development, and an ultimatum is issued to artists either to accommodate themselves to these values or be banned from the art of the future.
- Harold Rosenberg Art on the Edge, (1975) p. 147, "Criticism and Its Premises"
- The new attitude of the critic toward the artist has been rationalized for me by a leading European art historian who is also an influential critic of current art. It is based on a theory of division of labor in making art history. The historian, he contends, knows art history and, in fact, creates it; the artist knows only how to do things. Left to himself, the artist is almost certain to do the wrong thing — to deviate from the line of art history and thus to plunge into oblivion. The critic's role is to steer him in the proper direction and advise changes in his technique and subject matter that will coordinate his efforts with the forces of development. Better still, critics should formulate historically valid projects for artists to carry out. That not all critics have the same expectations of the future of art does not, I realize, weaken the cogency of my colleague's argument. The surviving artist would be one who has been lucky enough to pick the winning critic. My own view that art should be left to artists seemed to my mentor both out-of-date and irresponsible.
- Harold Rosenberg Art on the Edge, (1975) p. 147, "Criticism and Its Premises" p. 249, "Thoughts in Off-Season"
- I guess a school of thought would be you don’t have to see anything of the past to express yourself artistically, to write a novel or to write a play or to make films but I think if you make it available, I think one studies or one becomes aware of the older work that came before. Of the older masters - easy if you want to reject it, which is part of the process, to be angry to say “That’s impossible, it’s no good at all look at this, this is wonderful here.” And then come back to realizing maybe I’m a little too harsh twenty years later or thirty years later, I’m a little too harsh on certain people when I was younger.
- But I do think it’s important to make younger people aware of what came before in every aspect of every art form. And it’s exciting too, and as you do that very often if you’re working with young people and working with students. I use mentoring, the idea is you do get a lot out of it. I do get a kind of regeneration of that, to see that excitement sometimes, to show, let’s say The Magic Box or Yojimbo - it’s part of being alive.
- Martin ScorseseFrase di Friedrich Nietzsche
Le convinzioni, più delle bugie, sono nemiche pericolose della verità.
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Vivi ogni giorno della tua vita come se fosse il primo, come se fosse l'ultimo.
Opinioni proprie. - La prima opinione che ci viene in mente quando all'improvviso siamo interrogati su qualcosa, di solito non è la nostra, ma solo quella corrente, della nostra casta, della nostra posizione, della nostra origine; le opinioni proprie raramente vengono alla superficie.
Categorie e Frasi correlate
La propaganda è quel ramo della bugia che spesso inganna gli amici senza mai ingannare i nemici.Inserita il 29/07/2022 alle ore
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kullanımının diğer yetkililerle koordine edilmesi gerekecektir.
Bürokratik aygıtın bazı temsilcileri, Corvalol ve Relanium'un yalnızca insan vücudu üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahip olamayacağını, aynı zamanda bağımlılık yaratacağını düşündü. Birçok hasta, çıkıyor, hatta gerektiriyor kanat çekilmesi korvalolny karakteri Bütün bunlar, belirli bir ilgili taraflar çemberindeki klasik tıbbi hazırlıklara karşı gerçek bir ruh hali olmasa, masallar ve bir sonraki fantasmagoriler olarak sınıflandırılabilir.
Bununla birlikte, uyuşturucularla olan bu garip mücadelede, kişi gizli anlamı görebilir. Rus eczanelerinde satılan Corvalol'ün ezici bir şekilde Rusya'da üretildiğini düşünürsek, bu ilacın zulmü, ilaç endüstrisindeki bir Rus üreticisine karşı başka bir emir tarafından verilir. Şimdiden bölge Halk Sağlığı Bakanlığı'nda, Corvalol yerine, eczane noktalarının raflarında "daha az tehlikeli" bir eşdeğerin görünebileceğini söylüyorlar. Bu eşdeğerin yurt dışından tedarik edileceğini tahmin etmek için olağanüstü bir vizyoner yeteneğiniz olması gerekmez.
Ve eğer Ruslar Corvalol'u evlerinde ilk yardım kitlerinde bırakırlarsa, narkotik ilaçların bulundurulması için bir ceza makalesi sağlandığı için ceza kovuşturması ile bile başa çıkabilir.
Uyuşturucuyla mücadele kavga başladı
Ctrl Keşfet
Fark oshЫBKU Metni vurgulayın ve tuşuna basın. Ctrl + EnterGame of Thrones dizisi ile tüm dünyada tanınan George R.R. Martin 1948 yılında New Jersey’de dünyaya geldi.
Martin, Mary Jane Donohoe Okulu ve Marist Lisesinde eğitimine devam etti.
Yazmaya küçük yaşlarda ilgi duyan George R.R. Martin canavar hikâyeleri yazmaya başladı. Mahalledeki çocuklara para karşılığında canavar hikâyeleri sattı. Daha sonra lisede çizgi roman hayranı ve koleksiyoncusu oldu ve çizgi roman fanzinleri için kurgu yazmaya başladı.
Gençlik yıllarında bir kitap kurdu olan George R.R. Martin özellikle fantastik ve bilim kurgu türünde okuyordu.
1970 yılında Martin B.S. Northwestern Üniversitesi Gazetecilik bölümünden mezun oldu. Aynı üniversitede gazetecilik bölümünde yüksek lisansını tamamladı.
1970’li yıllarda bilim kurgu öyküleri yazıyordu ancak bu dönem yazdığı öyküler birçok dergi tarafından defalarca reddedildi.
Vicdani retçi olarak Martin, 1972-1974 yılları arasında Cook County Yasal Yardım Vakfı'na bağlı VISTA ile alternatif hizmetlerde görev aldı.
1973-1976 yılları arasında Continental Satranç Birliği için satranç turnuvalarını yönetti ve 1976-1978 arasında Clarke College, Dubuque, Iowa'da Gazetecilik eğitmenliği yaptı. 1970'ler boyunca VISTA Gönüllüsü, satranç direktörü ve öğretmen olarak çalışırken yarı zamanlı yazmaya devam etti.
1975'te Gale Burnick ile evlendi. 1979'da boşandılar.
Martin, 1979 yılından itibaren kariyerine tam zamanlı yazar olarak devam etti.
Kariyerine bir süre Holywood’da devam eden Martin birçok televizyon dizisinde editör ve danışman olarak çalıştı. Bunlar içinde Twilight Zone, Beauty and the Beast gibi diziler yer almaktadır.
1991 yılında Martin roman yazmaya döndü ve Buz ve Ateşin Şarkısı’nı yazmaya başladı. 1996 yılında kitabını tamamladı. Tüm dünyada satış rekorları kıran Buz ve Ateşin Şarkısı serisinin ilk kitabı olan Game of Thrones yani Taht Oyunları televizyon dizisine uyarlandı ve günümüzün en çok izlenen dizileri arasına girdi.
Serinin 4. kitabı olan Kargaların Ziyafeti New York Times’ın çok satanlar listesinde 1. sıraya yükseldi. 2006 yılında bu kitabı Quill ve Britanya Fantezi Ödüllerine aday oldu.
Hugo ve Nebula ödüllerinin sahibi olan George Martin dünyaca ünlü Time Dergisi tarafından dünyanın en etkili 100 kişisi arasında gösterildi.
George R.R. Martin kitapları
Taht Oyunları
Kralların Çarpışması 1
Kralların Çarpışması 2
Kılıçların Fırtınası 1
Kılıçların Fırtınası 2
Kargaların Ziyafeti 1
Kargaların Ziyafeti 2
Ejderhaların Dansı 1
Ejderhaların Dansı 2
Ateş ve Kan
Buz Ejderhası
Gece Kuşları
Vahşi Jokerler – Vahşi Kartlar 3
Buz ve Ateşin Dünyası
Düzenbazlar
Aşk ve Ölüm Şarkıları
Eski Venüs
Eski Mars
George R.R. Martin sözleri ve alıntıları
"Eğer bir adam göğsüne bir hedef tahtası boyamış geziyorsa er ya da geç biri o tahtaya ok fırlatacaktır." -Taht Oyunları
"Ama şimdi dostumla düşmanımı ayırt edemiyorum. Her şey nasıl bu kadar karıştı?" - Kılıçların Fırtınası 1
"Fırtınalar gelir gider, dalgalar vurur, büyük balık küçük balığı yutar ve ben kürek çekmeye devam ederim." - Kralların Çarpışması 1
Sonuç Bulunamadı!
Farklı kriterler ile tekrar arama yapabilir ya da bir sorun olduğunu düşünüyorsanız bizimle iletişime geçebilirsiniz.
Kitap365.com, web sitemizde en iyi deneyimi yaşamanızı sağlamak için çerezleri kullanır. Daha fazla bilgi için tıklayınاسپوتنيک : رئيس جمهوري آمريکا از "استفاده بدون مهارت"دولت عربستان از تسليحات آمريکايي در جنگ يمن انتقاد کرده و حمله سعوديها به اتوبوس مدرسه در اين کشور جنگزده را محکوم کرد.به گزارش ايسنا، به نقل از خبرگزاري اسپوتنيک، دونالد ترامپ، رئيس جمهوري آمريکا در مصاحبه با پايگاه خبري Axios گفت: فکر ميکنم اين يک وضعيت وحشتناک است من از اينکه آنچه را که براي آن اتوبوس مدرسه اتفاق افتاد، ببينم، متنفرم. وقتي شما چنين صحنهاي را ميبينيد، وحشتناک است.
وي در پاسخ به اين که آيا آمريکا بايد فروش سلاح به عربستان را متوقف کند، گفت: ما به دقت اوضاع را در يمن رصد ميکنيم. من درباره مسائل زيادي با عربستان صحبت ميکنم اما قطعا با افرادي که نميدانند نبايد به اتوبوس مدرسه حمله کنند، حرفي ندارم.Sermon 3098. Needless Fears
A SERMON PUBLISHED ON THURSDAY, JUNE 25, 1908.
DELIVERED BY C. H. SPURGEON,
AT THE METROPOLITAN TABERNACLE, NEWINGTON, ON THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE11,1874.
"Who are you that.. .have feared continually every day because of the fury of the oppressor, as if he were ready to destroy?And where is the fury of the oppressor?" Isaiah 51:12,13.
OBJECTS often influence us out of proportion to their value because of their nearness. For instance, the moon is a very smallinsignificant body compared with the sun, yet it has far more influence over the tides and many other matters in the worldthan the sun has simply because it is so much nearer to the earth than the sun is. The life that is to come is infinitelymore important than the life that now is and I hope that in our inmost hearts, we reckon that the things that are seen andtemporal are mere trifles compared with the things which are not seen and eternal! Yet it often happens that the less importantmatters have a greater influence over us than those which are far more important, simply because the things of earth are somuch nearer to us. Heaven is infinitely more to be desired than any joy of earth, yet it seems far off and, therefore, thesefleeting joys may give us greater present comfort. The wrath of God is far more to be dreaded than the anger of man, yet sometimesa frown or a rebuke from a fellow creature will have more effect upon our minds than the thought of the anger of God. Thisis because the one appears to be remote, while, being in this body, we are so near to the other.
Now, Beloved, it will sometimes happen that a matter which is scarcely worthy of the thought of an immortal spirit will fretand worry us from day to day. There is some oppressor, as the text puts it, whom we dread and fear continually, yet we forgetthe Almighty God who is on our side, who is stronger than all the oppressors who have ever lived and who has all people andall things under His control! The reason why we act thus is because we think of God as if He were far off, while we can seethe oppressor with our eyes and we can hear with our ears his threatening words. I want, at this time, to be the means inthe hands of God of turning the thoughts of His people away from the distress of the present to the joy and comfort which,though more remote, ought to still be more powerful over the mind and heart because of the real intrinsic greatness.
I. And first I want to speak upon this point-that MANY FEARS WHICH ARE ENTERTAINED BY GOOD MEN AND WOMEN ARE REALLY GROUNDLESS.
"You have feared continually every day because of the fury of the oppressor, as if he were ready to destroy...and where isthe fury of the oppressor?" The probable meaning of this verse is that the oppressor never came, so that they never did feelthe force of his fury and, in like manner, many of God's people are constantly under apprehensions of calamities which willnever occur to them-they suffer far more in merely dreading them than they would have to endure if they actually came uponthem! In their imagination, there are rivers in their way and they are anxious to know how they shall wade through them, orswim across them. There are no such rivers in existence, but they are agitated and distressed about them. Our old proverbsays, "Don't cross the bridge till you come to it," but these timid people are continually crossing bridges that only existin their foolish fancies! They stab themselves with imaginary daggers, they starve themselves in imaginary famines and evenbury themselves in imaginary graves! Such strange creatures are we that we probably smart more under blows which never fallupon us than we do under those which do actually come! The rod of God does not smite us as sharply as the rod of our own imaginationdoes-our groundless fears are our chief tormentors and when we are enabled to abolish our self-inflictions, all the indicationsof the world become light enough. It is a pity, however, that any who are taught of God and who have had faith in Christ givento them, should fall into so
guilty and, at the same time, so painful a habit as this of fearing the oppressor who does not come and who never will come!
Some are much troubled by the fear of man. That is exactly the case mentioned in our text-"the fury of the oppressor." Hewas a very oppressive man-hard, unfeeling, proud, strong, exacting-and they were afraid of him. In addition to this, he musthave been a person of impetuous temper, one with whom you could not reason and so passionate that they were not merely afraidof the oppressor, but of "the fury of the oppressor." He is the kind of person whom you do not know how to meet or how toescape from. If you flee from him, he will pursue you in his fury. If you remain quiet, your patience will not make him quiet-andif you resist him, his fury will be so much the greater. That appears to have been the character of the oppressor feared bythose with whom the Lord was at that time reasoning. And we have known Believers who have been afraid of what such-and-sucha powerful man might do if they acted as their conscience told them they ought to act. He would turn them out of their farm,or they could lose his business from their shop.
Perhaps the fearful one is some young person who has a relative who hates religion and what this relative in power may doshe cannot imagine. Or the oppressor is an arbitrary employer and if his employees do not exactly obey his orders, even thoughthose orders happen to be wrong, they will lose their employment. They may be for months without work and they and their childrenmay be reduced to starvation. They picture a long vista of trials and troubles that will come upon them because of "the furyof the oppressor." Now, sometimes there is a foundation for this kind of fear, for men do act in very cruel manner to theirfellow men-and the very persons who talk most about being liberal in their views are generally the greatest persecutors. IfI must have a religious enemy, let me have a professed and avowed bigot, but not one of your "free thinkers" or "broad churchmen,"as they are called, for there is nobody who can hate as they do! And the lovers of liberal-mindedness who have no creed atall think it to be their special duty to be peculiarly contemptuous to those who have some degree of principle and cannottwist and turn exactly as they can. There is no doubt that there are still trials of cruel mockeries to be borne by thosewho are true to Christ. "The cold shoulder" is given in society. In other company, hard words are used and coarse jests aremade. Christians must expect to have to bear the opposition of man. It always was so and it always will be so. If you turnfrom the way of the world and practically accuse the world of being wrong, the world will resent it. "If you were of the world,the world would love his own."
But after all is there not a great deal more thought of this matter than there is any need to be, for, "where is the furyof the oppressor?" I have known young Christians afraid of somebody or other and not daring to avow their conscientious convictions-andwhen at last they have plucked up courage enough to do so, they have been surprised that the person they expected to opposethem has been quite favorable to them. The wife has been afraid to mention to her husband that she desires to unite with theChurch, but when he hears of it, he thinks that he, too, will go and hear the minister. I remember a man and his wife whocame to join the Church. They were each afraid to tell the other of what they had experienced-and when they met each otheron the night that they were present with other candidates, they were greatly surprised to find that, instead of having anyreason to be afraid of one another, they had the utmost cause to rejoice! They said that it was like a new marriage to themwhen each found the other to be in Christ Jesus, yet each of them had thought the other to be so strong in opposition to religionthat they had not dared to mention their conversion till thus they made their mutual discovery! Perhaps, dear Friend, youhave no more need to be afraid than they had. Go on-the giant that stands in your way may turn out to be only a shadow, orif he really is a giant-God will help you to fight against him and make you more than a conqueror!
Some have a fear of another kind-not of any opposition to themselves, but they are afraid of the Church and the Truth of Godbeing utterly destroyed by the opposition of men. Have you not many times noticed a kind of panic going through the churchesthrough some supposed discovery in science, or some new doctrinal error that has appeared? One Christian has met another andbegun tremblingly to talk about what was going to happen. "The old times were so much better than these"-they begin with thatnote-"and here is a new danger, how are we to meet it?" It was anxiously asked a few years ago, "How are we to meet thesediscoveries of geology?" Yet we hardly ever hear about them now or, if we do, we do not trouble about them! Then Dr. Colensohad made certain calculations which were very terrifying to timid folk! And Huxley tried to prove that we had descended orascended from monkeys-but who cares about their theories now? Yet I have met with nervous people who greatly feared the furyof this tyrant, Science, which was utterly to destroy us! But what has it ever done against the Truth of God?
At this time, as you are well aware, it is the belief of a great many people that, owing to the spread of Ritualism, the candlethat Latimer lit will be blown out and we shall all be in the dark-or at least shall have nothing better than candles madeat Rome to light us! I constantly receive magazines that prophesy the most terrible times. According to them, some of us willno doubt be roasted alive at Smithfield. Well, I know that the devil can blow very hard, but I do not believe that he canblow out the candle that God lights-much less can he blow out the sun of the Gospel which has burned on now for over 1,800years! Blow away, Satan, as hard as you can, but you will never be able to blow out this Light of God-it will still shineon to the end of time! You may blow away a cloud or two which obscures the Light, but the Light itself will be as bright asever!
It may be that in the place where you live there has come up a new doctrinal error. Somebody has discovered that men are nothingbut a species of large apes and that only those who believe in Christ are immortal-all the rest will die out eventually-annihilationis to be their doom! Many are dreadfully frightened by that doctrine, but I believe it to be too contemptible to alarm anybodywho studies the Scriptures. It is a very pretty toy and many will play with it. And after a certain time there will come anotherpretty toy, and they will play with that! And so it will be till Christ, Himself, comes and breaks up all the toys and bringsHis Church back to the grand old Truth of God which will stand firm notwithstanding all the assaults of
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车维护注意事项
1.光滑油油位的查看 首要拉出量油尺，擦洁净后再放入，然后再拉出并查看油位是否在上下限符号之间，同时查看油尺杆上的光滑油污染程度，必要时予以添加或替换。查看光滑油油位时，注意将车停放在平整地面，并且发动机熄火。若是刚熄火的发动机，应在查看油位之前等待5min，使光滑油油位稳定下来，以便准确查看油位。 2.风扇皮带挠度的查看 可用手指按下皮带中间部分(用力约30N)，查看风扇皮带的挠曲量是
12-18
五十铃货车行驶无力、发动困难原因分析
(1)毛病特征 某江西五十铃轿车运用中行进无力，并且发动困难，还有自行熄火现象。 (2)毛病原因 经剖析，毛病很可能出自喷油泵，该车装置的是单柱塞分配泵。将喷油泵从发动机上拆下，清洗后将其装在实验台上进行实验，发现泵腔内压力很低，这可能与喷油泵上的调压阀有关.拆下调压阀，发现调压阀内的弹性座、活塞、绷簧等件都已松脱。将调压阀内的零件按要求装妥，然后装到喷油泵上。经实验，泵压仍低。再拆下调
12-15
五十铃打不着火的原因分析
想必大家都想了解一下五十铃打不着火是什么问题，那么下面咱们就一同了解了解吧,相信会对你有所帮助的。 五十铃打不着火的原因有十分多，人为操作原因：电瓶没电、轿车油箱没油、挡位不对。车辆使用原因：油品不当、未加冷却液、积炭过多。 1、轿车电瓶电量缺乏或油量缺乏，这是较简单检测的项目，同样是较有或许影响到轿车打不着火。油量很轻松判别，不过怎样判别电瓶电量是不是缺乏呢？点火钥匙转到on档，一键起动ERIC Number: ED274569
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1982
Reference Count: 0
Money and Exchange.
Walstad, William B.; And Others
Elementary Economist, v4 n1 1982-83
This teaching guide begins with an explanation of the role of money in the economy, focusing on its circulation or exchange. The use of money as a unit of account, a store of value, and a medium of exchange are explained. Three brief teaching units are included. The grade K-2 unit, "Money Counts," provides games and activities which develop the concept of money and its use as a medium of exchange. "Who Needs Money?" is a unit intended for grades 3 and 4. It provides 7 activities which highlight the use of money as a store of value, a measure of the value of services, and a facilitator of exchange and interaction. A secret code "money message" worksheet is also provided. The grade 5-6 unit, "Bingo! It's Money!" provides a classroom trading experience, a product manufacturing activity, a discussion, and a money bingo game to help older students explore the role of money in our economy. (JDH)
Descriptors: Activity Units, Concept Teaching, Costs, Economic Factors, Economics Education, Elementary Education, Experiential Learning, Government Role, Learning Activities, Political Science, Problem Solving, Public Facilities, Services, Taxes
Joint Council on Economic Education, 2 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016 ($15.00 per year, 3 issues).
Publication Type: Guides - Classroom - Teacher; Collected Works - Serials
Education Level: N/A
Audience: Teachers; Practitioners
Sponsor: Joint Council on Economic Education, New York, NY.
Authoring Institution: Lesley Coll., Cambridge, MA. National Center of Economic Education for Children.Meaning of Intrapersonal communication: Intra- is a prefix that means 'within'. Intrapersonal communication takes place within someone's mind or thoughts. Intrapersonal communication vs. Interpersonal Communication: Intrapersonal communication is different from interpersonal communication. Whilst … [Read more...] about Short Paragraph on Intrapersonal Communication
Interpersonal communication is communication between people. It can involve two people or a whole group: what is essential is that there are several people involved. Interpersonal communication can take many forms. For example it can be verbal (speaking face to face), written (in a letter or an … [Read more...] about Examples of Interpersonal Communication in Everyday Life.
Communication comes from the Latin word for 'to share'. From this, we get the word communication. So, communication is a kind of sharing. Communication refers to the act of is sharing information, i.e., sharing of thoughts, words, ideas and more. Communication is a two way process. It can be … [Read more...] about Short Paragraph on Importance of Communication
Below, you will be able to read about 10 examples of non-verbal communication. Had you been able to think of them all? 1. Facial expressions: smiles, frowns and winks can convey a lot! Sometimes, we cannot control our facial expressions, but we usually can. There are differences, though: it is … [Read more...] about 10 Examples of Non-Verbal Communication
Interpersonal communication means communication between people. In Latin, 'inter' means between. So, this word means 'between persons'. Interpersonal communication happens whenever there are several people communicating with each other. That could mean two friends having a quiet chat or it could … [Read more...] about Types of Interpersonal CommunicationSensors for Medicine and Science announced that its implanted continuous glucose sensor, which the company is currently developing, has demonstrated highly accurate results. The sensor tracked glucose levels in study participants with a 77.6% accuracy in the A zone of the Clark Error Grid and a 19.2% in the B zone of the grid, resulting in a mean absolute difference of 12.2%. It is the first time an implant-based sensor has achieved such accuracy. The study also achieved the goal of continuous sensor use in patients for over six months.
“We are pleased to report these findings as a first step to realizing a viable long-life implanted sensor to help millions of people with diabetes manage their glucose better,” Tim Goodnow, Ph.D., president and CEO of Sensors for Medicine and Science. “While still early, the pilot study showed comparable performance as current continuous glucose devices.”
The data gathered by the researchers will be presented in Lisbon, Portugal on September 16, 2011, at the meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes.
The new system is comprised of a reader and a sensor, which is implanted in the subcutaneous area of the patient’s wrist. The sensor is powered by inductive currents and is remotely interrogated; it doesn’t require a battery to function and isn’t even wired to the reader, which is a wristwatch-like device that displays blood glucose levels. Once it is implanted, the sensor functions continuously and automatically.
The study involved nine subjects who had Type 1 diabetes. The participants were implanted with a sensor in each wrist for about 29 days; researchers analyzed about 3,000 results from the sensors and compared them with YSI blood glucose levels. Using the Clarke Error Grid, or CEG analysis, the researchers demonstrated that 96.8% of the readings fell into zones A or B of the grid, which is used to measure differences between lab references and glucose monitoring devices. The grid is divided into five zones, labeled A, B, C, D, and E. Results in zone A are considered very accurate while results in zone B are clinically acceptable; C, D, and E results are less accurate.
“Based on the promising results obtained, we plan to initiate more clinical trials in the very near future, including pursuing collaboration on artificial pancreas research,” says Goodnow.
Sensors for Medicine and Science is focused on developing chemical sensing technologies that help monitor the presence of important compounds in the body, such as glucose for diabetics. The sensor is smaller than a penny; it automatically measures glucose levels every few minutes without requiring any input from the patient and communicates the data wirelessly to the external wristwatch receiver. SMSI hopes that patients will use the device for 6-12 months, after which it will be replaced to ensure proper functioning.
One of the primary motivators for SMSI’s development of an automatic, non-invasive glucose monitoring solutions is the lack of proper monitoring in diabetics; the company cites that on average, diabetics check their blood sugar less than twice a day. According to SMSI, the pain and inconvenience of the finger prick test discourages diabetics from checking their blood glucose frequently; a non-invasive monitoring device would help diabetics monitor their blood glucose more closely.
Additionally, SMSI states that standard glucose measuring can be complex and cumbersome, often leading to patient error of up to 15-20% in actual blood glucose levels, partly from user error. An implanted glucose sensor would sidestep many of the complications that surround glucose monitoring today.به گزارش پایگاه اطلاع رسانی شبکه خبر،
نیروهای امداد وآتش نشانی در محل آتش سوزی حضور دارند و به علت احتمال سرایت آتش به منازل مسکونی اطراف و دیگر بخش های نیروگاه، یک فروند هواپیمای آب پاش و چندین فروند بالگرد به محل اعزام شده است.
به گفته شاهدان عینی، ارتفاع شعله های آتش به ده ها متر می رسد.
گزارش های اولیه حاکی است حادثه تاکنون تلفات جانی نداشته است. علت آتش سوزی هنوز مشخص نیست.Vendita Scarpe Nike Shox Nz la massa magra non sarà esaurita
Un limite alla velocità massima di trasferimento di energia dal negozio grasso umano in ipofagia si deduce dai dati sperimentali dei soggetti denutriti mantenere livelli di attività moderata e si trova ad avere un valore di (290 ± 25) u0026 nbsp; kJ / kg u0026 nbsp; d. Una restrizione alimentare che supera la capacità limitata del serbatoio grasso per compensare la carenza di energia in una diminuzione immediata della massa magra (FFM). Nel caso di una mancanza dietetica meno grave, la massa magra non sarà esaurita. La transizione tra queste due regioni dietetiche è sviluppato e un criterio per distinguere le regioni è definito. Una soluzione esatta matematica per la riduzione della massa magra deriva Shox Outlet per il Nike Shox Nz Uomo caso in cui la massa grassa (FM) è nella sua modalità di trasferimento di energia limitata. La soluzione si presenta con un termine di stato stazionario, che è in accordo con le idee convenzionali, un termine che indica una lenta diminuzione di gran parte della massa magra moderato dall'energia limitata trasferito dal deposito di grasso, e un termine finale mostra una rapida diminuzione protetta del rimanente parte della FFM. Il tasso medio metabolico a riposo di soggetti sottoposti ipofagia è mostrato a diminuire linearmente in funzione della FFM con una pendenza di (249 ± 25) u0026 nbsp; kJ / Vendita Scarpe Nike Shox Nz kg u0026 nbsp; d. Questo valore non è d'accordo con i risultati di altri osservatori che si sono misurati i tassi metabolici dei diversi gruppi. Il disaccordo è spiegato in termini di proprietà individuali metaboliche rispetto a quelli della popolazione più grande.باران و برف در ۱۹ استان کشور/ احتمال آبگرفتکی در برخی استانها
سازمان هواشناسی کشور با صدور اخطاریه ای نسبت به بارش باران و برف در کشور و احتمال آبگرفتگی معابر در برخی استانها هشدار داد.
در متن این اخطاریه آمده است؛ به سبب بارش شدید باران، گاهی با رعد و برق و وزش باد شدید، آبگرفتگی معابر عمومی و احتمال سیلابی شدن مسیلها و رودخانه ها و در مناطق سردسیر و کوهستانی به سبب بارش برف و وزش باد، کولاک برف، لغزندگی معابر و اختلال در تردد جاده های کوهستانی و کاهش دید به شرح زیر پیش بینی می شود:
چهارشنبه مورخ 15 آذر 96: از بعد از ظهر این روز، بارش باران و برف در غرب کردستان، شمال کرمانشاه و غرب آذربایجان غربی.
پنج شنبه مورخ 16 آذر 96: بارش باران و برف در آذربایجان های شرقی و غربی، اردبیل، زنجان، قزوین، کردستان، همدان، کرمانشاه، ایلام، لرستان، چهارمحال و بختیاری، ارتفاعات زاگرس در غرب اصفهان، کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، شمال خوزستان و ارتفاعات البرز در استانهای گیلان، مازندران، تهران و البرز و بارش شدید باران و آبگرفتگی معابر عمومی در گیلان و مازندران.
جمعه مورخ 17 آذر 96: بارش شدید باران و آبگرفتگی معابر عمومی در شرق مازندران، غرب گلستان و بارش برف و کولاک برف در ارتفاعات شرقی مازندران، ارتفاعات گلستان و ارتفاعات خراسان شمالی.
از این رو توصیه می شود به منظور جلوگیری از خسارات احتمالی تمهیدات لازم در نظر گرفته شود.
با عضویت در خبرنامه تی نیوز می توانید روزانه خبرهای روز را در ایمیل خود مشاهده کنید
این دو نفر با تبر به خانم ها حمله می کردند+عکس این دو نفر با تبر به خانم ها حمله می کردند+عکس
زورگیرانی که با تبر اقدام به زورگیری می کردند توسط پلیس آگاهی دستگیر شدند.
جلسه شورای عالی فضای مجازی به ریاست روحانی جلسه شورای عالی فضای مجازی به ریاست روحانی
راهکارهای توسعه اقتصاد دیجیتال در کشور و تعیین اولویت ها و الزامات آن در جلسه شورای عالی فضای مجازی مورد بحث و تصمیم گیری قرار گرفت.
یاد بگیریم برای تردد بیشتر از پاهایمان و حمل و نقل عمومی استفاده کنیم یاد بگیریم برای تردد بیشتر از پاهایمان و حمل و نقل عمومی استفاده کنیم
پیام خبر: همایش بزرگداشت روز ملی حمل و نقل با حضور اعضای شورای شهر، شهردار شیراز و جمعی از فعالان صنعت حمل و نقل در تالار همایش های شهر برگزار شد.
کاهش مصرف مخدر «شیشه» کاهش مصرف مخدر «شیشه»
رئیس سازمان بهزیستی کشور با اشاره به نقش آگاهی رسانی، پیشگیری و ارتقای سطح دانش آحاد جامعه گفت: با انجام اقدامات پیشگیرانه رتبه مصرف «شیشه» از دومین...
بهترین فیلم های ترسناک سال ۲۰۱۷ از نگاه منتقدان بهترین فیلم های ترسناک سال ۲۰۱۷ از نگاه منتقدان
فیلم های ژانر وحشت در سال ۲۰۱۷ با اقبال خوبی همراه بودند و مورد توجه منتقدان متعددی قرار گرفتند. همچنین برخی از این فیلم ها در گیشه هم با استقبال...
کشف جسد فرد سقوط کرده در سیلوی ساوه کشف جسد فرد سقوط کرده در سیلوی ساوه
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تلگرام قطع شد/ فیلترشکن هم پاسخگو نیست تلگرام قطع شد/ فیلترشکن هم پاسخگو نیست
اپلیکیشن پیام رسان تلگرام دقایقی قبل از دسترس خارج شد.
دوره موی سفید به پایان می رسد؟ دوره موی سفید به پایان می رسد؟
دانشمندان می گویند ژن مربوط به سفید شدن مو را پیدا کرده اند.
کمک 250 هزار یورویی یک ایتالیایی برای حفاظت از تخت جمشید کمک 250 هزار یورویی یک ایتالیایی برای حفاظت از تخت جمشید
علیرضا عسکری رئیس دانشگاه هنر شیراز و عضو هیات علمی تاریخ دانشگاه شیراز به آخرین دستاوردهای کاوش های باستانی در تل آجری شهر پارسه (تخت جمشید) اشاره...
ساخت بخاری استاندارد قابل استفاده در خودرو و چادر مسافرتی در فارس ساخت بخاری استاندارد قابل استفاده در خودرو و چادر مسافرتی در فارس
فارس آنلاین - شیراز- نوعی بخاری برقی برای استفاده در چادرهای مسافرتی و همچنین کابین اتومبیل توسط یکی از شرکت های دانش بنیان مستقر در پارک علم و فناوری...
کشف جسد چوپان در کوه کشف جسد چوپان در کوه
به دنبال کشف جسد مرد چوپان در ارتفاعات روستای «وارگه» از توابع شهرستان گیلانغرب، تحقیقات تخصصی دراین باره آغازشد.
کشف جسدی مرموز در غرب کشور کشف جسدی مرموز در غرب کشور
فرمانده انتظامی گیلانغرب از پیدا شدن جسد مردی حدود 40 ساله در ارتفاعات روستای وارگه از توابع این شهرستان خبر داد.
فریاد مرگ بر آمریکا در معراج شهدای اهواز طنین انداز شد فریاد مرگ بر آمریکا در معراج شهدای اهواز طنین انداز شد
فریاد مرگ بر آمریکا در کنار شهدای تازه تفحص شده دفاع مقدس در معراج شهدای اهواز طنین انداز شد.
مدارس ابتدایی و پیش دبستانی البرز فردا تعطیل شد مدارس ابتدایی و پیش دبستانی البرز فردا تعطیل شد
مدیر کل مدیریت بحران البرز از تعطیلی مدارس این استان در دو نوبت صبح و عصر به جز شهرستان طالقان خبر داد.
آلمان تداوم کمکهای مالی به عراق را منوط به حل اختلافات بغداد با کردها دانست آلمان تداوم کمکهای مالی به عراق را منوط به حل اختلافات بغداد با کردها دانست
وزیر امور خارجه آلمان در دیدار با نخست وزیر اقلیم کردستان عراق، تداوم کمک های مالی به عراق را منوط به حل اختلافات دولت مرکزی با اقلیم کردستان بر سر...
واکنش تشکیلات خودگردان به وتوی آمریکا علیه قطعنامه پیشنهادی مصر واکنش تشکیلات خودگردان به وتوی آمریکا علیه قطعنامه پیشنهادی مصر
تشکیلات خودگردان فلسطین به وتوی آمریکا علیه قطعنامه پیشنهادی مصر واکنش نشان داد.
قدردانی نتانیاهو از آمریکا برای استفاده از حق وتو قدردانی نتانیاهو از آمریکا برای استفاده از حق وتو
نخست وزیر رژیم صهیونیستی از آمریکا به دلیل استفاده از حق وتو علیه قطعنامه پیشنهادی مصر درباره قدس قدردانی کرد.
وزارت خارجه وتوی آمریکا علیه قطعنامه پیشنهادی مصر را محکوم کرد وزارت خارجه وتوی آمریکا علیه قطعنامه پیشنهادی مصر را محکوم کرد
سخنگوی وزارت امور خارجه ضمن
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lerim, yemek için bir araya geldiğiniz zaman birbirinizi bekleyin.
34 Aç olan varsa, karnını evde doyursun. Öyle ki, toplanmanız yargılanmanıza yol açmasın. Diğer sorunlara gelince, onları yanınıza geldiğim zaman hallederim.
27. ayetten 34. ayetin sonuna kadar, aslında bunun Tanrı’nın topluluğuna karşı yapılmış bir günah olduğunu ve bunu yapanların da kendilerine yargı yiyip-içtiklerini söylüyor. Yani Tanrı’nın bu konu hakkındaki üzüntüsü öylesine büyük ki, kilisenin birliği bozulmaya başlıyor ve bazıları bu yüzden ölümle bile cezalandırılıyor. Pavlus kişilere, şayet kendilerini kontrol edemiyorlarsa gelmeden önce yiyip-içmelerini ve geldikten sonra da beklemelerini söylüyor. “Eğer bunu yapmazsanız, bu olay sizlerin yargılanmanıza neden olacak” diyor. Fakat burada Pavlus’un bu konuya verdiği öneme, demek istediğine dikkat edelim: eskatoloji işte tam bu noktada devreye giriyor. 23. ve 26. ayetler arasında, Rab’bin Sofrasının esas odak noktası; Mesih’in ölümüdür. Ekmek, Mesih’in kendileri uğruna feda ettiği bedenini; şarap ise onlar için dökülen kanını anımsamak için veriliyor. Pavlus burada İsa Mesih’in Söz’lerinden alıntı yapıyor.
Kilise bu geçmişteki kayros olayına baktığında, şimdiki zamandaki Rab’bin anısına yapılan yemeği uygulaması söyleniyor. Burada yine Eski Ahit’te gördüğümüz kavram karşımıza çıkıyor. Yani İsa’yı hatırlamak ve anmak için böyle yapıyoruz. 4. Emirde ya da Çıkış olayında gördüğümüz gibi, bu anma da, insanı değiştiren bir hatırlamadır. Bu neden değiştiren bir hatırlamadır?
I.Korintliler 11:26 Bu ekmeği her yediğinizde ve bu kaseden her içtiğinizde, Rab’bin gelişine dek Rab’bin ölümünü ilan etmiş olursunuz.
Yani bizler, bu sakramenti Rab’bin gelişine dek, O’nun ölümünü ilan etmek için yerine getiriyoruz. O’nun gelişi ışığı altında bizler bu sakramenti yaptığımız zaman İsa’nın ikinci gelişine bakıyoruz ve bu bakışımız da, Rab’bin Sofrasına anlam kazandıran şey oluyor. Yani işin özünde bizleri Rab’bin Sofrasına çağırırken; bu Sofra’ya katılırken, zamanın sonundaki Kuzu’nun Düğün Şölenine, Ziyafete bakmamızı istiyor. Çünkü esas olan kutlama Mesih’in ikinci gelişindedir. Burada Rab’bin Sofrasını kutlamaktaki amacımız, gelecekte gerçekleşecek olan bu Düğün’ün ön tadını almaktır. Rab’bin Sofrası anında, zaman ile sonsuzluğun kesişmesi olayı vardır. Korint kilisesindeki Rab’bin Sofrası eğer gerçekten Düğün Şölenin tadını önceden tatmak için yapılan bir şey olsaydı, fakir olanlar dışarıda kalmazlardı. Çünkü Tanrı Egemenliğinin esenliğinde hem zengin, hem de fakir, aynı Tanrı ışığının ve bereketinin tadını çıkaracaklardır. Burada kilise İsa Mesih’in ikinci gelişini akılda tutarak Rab’bin Sofrasından almaya çağırılmakla gelmekte olan sonsuz esenlik ve Düğün Şöleninin tadını önceden almaya davet ediliyor.
Pavlus’un burada demek istediği şuydu: “Bu en son günde Rab’bin Sofrasına oturduğumuzda; Rab fakirleri hor görüp, zenginleri kayırmayacak. Sizlerin yaptığı bu olduğundan; sizin yaptığınız şey Rab’bin Sofrası değildir. Bu yüzden olması gereken Sofrayı hatırlayın ve kendi sofranızı da, gelecekte olacak olan bu Sofra gibi yapın. Ve şimdi Tanrı çocuklarının hepsi bu Sofraya katılsınlar”
Bu Korintoslular örneği eskatolojinin, günlük yaşantımıza nasıl uygulanabileceğini gösteriyor. Şimdi eskatolojiyi, tarihe bakarken nasıl kullandığımıza bakalım. Burada anlamamız gereken şey şudur: Chronos zamanının önemi, bu zaman içindeki sonsuzluktan kaynaklanır. Yani sonsuzluk normal zaman içersine girdiği anda, Tanrısal amaç tarih içersine girer. Hristiyanlığı diğer felsefe ve dinlerden ayıran, çok eşsiz bir tarih ya da felsefe anlayışı vardır. Bizler tarihin anlamı ya da amacı dediğimizde bu söylediğimiz şey; eskatolojiden farklı bir şey değil, tam tersine eskatolojinin özü, tarihin anlamıdır.Unequal Pay For Women: From The Boardroom To The Hockey Rink April 04 2017 The conversation about equal pay tends to focus on professional and salaried women. But the wage gap affects women of every education level, in every field, and at every stage of their career. Starting upon graduation from college, women earn $4 less per hour than their male classmates. Women with advanced degrees are paid 74 percent of what similarly educated men are paid. This inequity has long term impacts on women’s ability to repay loans, and creates a new problem: the debt gap, with women owing more and requiring more time to pay off their loans. Women with high school degrees have the lowest wage gap by education, earning 78 percent of men’s wages. Women of every age and race experience the wage gap, but women of color are especially impacted. Latina women face the largest gap, earning 54 cents to every dollar paid white men. Field of occupation can make a difference, but often not in the ways one would expect. Women who pursue careers in male-dominated fields, as truck drivers, software developers or financial managers for example, all earn less than men in their field. Women truck drivers see the lowest wage gap of 16 percent, while women in financial management earn only 65% of men’s wages. Meanwhile, men who similarly defy gender stereotypes out-earn women in traditionally female jobs as teachers and nurses, a phenomenon known as the ‘glass elevator.’ In fields approaching gender parity, like medicine, where 1 in 3 physicians are women, we still see a gap, with women earning nearly $20,000 less per year than their male colleagues. Even in highly specialized, skill-based fields, women are not compensated on par with men. In March, the U.S. Women’s National Hockey Team announced plans to boycott the Women’s World Championship in response to stalled negotiations over fair wages and equitable support, including youth team development, equipment, staffing and promotion of women’s hockey. USA Hockey spends $3.5 million on its development program for boys, with no comparable program for women. The league also provided disability insurance for only the men’s team. Unequal pay, development and prize money exists across women’s sports. Billie Jean King fought for and won equal prize money for women’s tennis in the US Open in 1973. Forty years later, the US women’s soccer team is still fighting for equal pay and prize money. The winning men’s soccer team received $35 million at the last World Cup. The women’s prize? $2 million. Less than three days before the Championship, USA Hockey agreed to increase player wages from $6,000 every four years to a base salary of $4,000 per month, provide equal insurance and travel accommodations for men and women players, increased promotion, and the creation of a committee to develop girls’ hockey, in a victory for women’s hockey, and all women who are ready to #BeBoldForChange. Women are not the only ones being bold — men are stepping up and joining the fight for pay equity as well. The US men’s hockey team voiced their support for the women’s strike, and threatened to join the boycott. CEOs like Salesforce’s Marc Benioff are putting their money behind equity; Salesforce spent $3 million equalizing salaries in 2015. At this year’s Super Bowl, auto manufacturer Audi made waves with an ad supporting equal pay. We’ve also seen the introduction of legislation, at home and abroad, that would move us closer to pay equity. In Iceland, proposed legislation would require employers to prove they pay men and women equally. In Illinois, legislation has been introduced to prohibit employers from asking for a salary history, a practice that perpetuates wage inequality. If current trends continue, women won’t see equal pay until sometime in the next century. But if women are willing to stand up and speak out, with supportive men as allies, we can all move closer to winning our goal.What is track roller
Track roller, also known as cam rollers, are cylindrical bearings that are used in various applications, including material handling and conveyor systems. They are designed to support and guide rotating machine components, such as gears, sprockets, and drive wheels, in track-style applications.
Track rollers have a sturdy, compact design that makes them ideal for use in harsh operating conditions, such as high loads, high speeds, and exposure to dirt, dust, and moisture. They are available in a range of sizes, materials, and configurations to suit a variety of applications, and many track rollers are designed to operate with minimal friction and noise.
track rollers used for
Track rollers are mechanical components that are used in various applications to guide and support moving objects along a track or rail. Some common uses of track rollers include:
- Construction machinery: Track rollers are used in construction machinery such as bulldozers, excavators, and crawler cranes to support the weight of the machine and guide it along the ground.
- Material handling: Track rollers are used in conveyor systems and material handling equipment to support and guide the movement of goods along the conveyor or guide rail.
- Agricultural equipment: Track rollers are used in agricultural machinery such as harvesters and tractors to support the weight of the machine and guide it along the field.
- Industrial machinery: Track rollers are used in various industrial machinery such as printing presses, packaging machines, and textile machinery to support and guide moving parts along a track or rail.
In summary, track roolers are specialized bearings that are used to support and guide rotating components in track-style applications, and are designed to withstand harsh operating conditions.Fertility Awareness Methods
(Updated December 2009, also available in Spanish)
What are fertility awareness methods?
When you use fertility awareness methods, you track when you are "fertile" or most likely to get pregnant. If you avoid having unprotected sex while you are fertile, you are less likely to get pregnant. There is more than one approach to determine when in your menstrual cycle you are fertile.
How effective are these methods?
If always used correctly, 3-5 out of 100 women who use these methods will get pregnant each year. If not always used correctly, 12-25 out of 100 women who use these methods will get pregnant each year.
How does it work?
You can use fertility awareness methods by keeping sperm out of your vagina on the days you are fertile. You are most fertile around the day your ovary releases an egg.
There are several ways to predict when you are likely to ovulate (release an egg). Your body changes in small ways around this time. If you track one or more of these changes, you can get an idea of when you are fertile.
- Temperature Method — Take your temperature with a special thermometer in the morning every day before you get out of bed. Your temperature rises by about 0.4°F around the time you release an egg.
- Cervical Mucus Method — The amount and texture of cervical mucus changes around the time your ovary releases an egg. Each day, check the changes in your cervical mucus. You can figure out when you ovulate based on these changes. A simpler approach, the TwoDay Method, only monitors the presence or absence of cervical mucus.
- Calendar Method (sometimes referred to as the rhythm method) — Chart your cycles on a calendar. Keep track of your fertile days.
- Standard Days Method — identifies a fixed fertile window in the cycle, days 8 to 19 every month for women with regular periods that come every 26 to 32 days. If you have your period monthly, your cycles are in this range.
When you are fertile, you have two options to prevent pregnancy:
- Do not have vaginal sex
- Use a barrier method like condoms
If you have unprotected sex on a day that you may be fertile, you should take emergency contraception as soon as possible within five days.
What are the benefits of using these methods?
- Fertility awareness methods are free or involve a small cost for tracking materials.
- Once you know how to use them, these methods are always available.
- If you decide you want to become pregnant, you can use one of these methods to know which days you are most likely to become pregnant.
What are the downsides of using these methods?
- Fertility awareness methods do not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
- You must be aware of your cycle and fertile days to know when to have or avoid unprotected sex.
- Fertility awareness methods are less effective at preventing pregnancy than some other birth control methods.
- Some women don't have regular periods. The calendar-based methods might not work for these women. Methods based on symptoms do not require having regular periods.
- Both partners must agree to use one of these methods. They have to agree to abstain from vaginal sex or use a barrier method during fertile days.
Where can I get more information?
For more information on fertility awareness methods, talk to your health care provider. For detailed instructions on practicing fertility awareness, see:Traditionally, we'll examine both technologies from the viewpoint of a product owner, which entails knowing not just the technical distinctions between the languages but also how they're used in various projects. Let's begin.
Learn about the differences between Java and Ruby on Rails in 2022 as well as their architecture, maturity, and state of development. The decision-making criteria that enable the creation of your enterprise applications by comparing Ruby on Rails and Java have been discussed in this blog.
Investigate the distinctions between Java and Ruby on Rails before selecting the best tech stack for your commercial app development needs.
What is Ruby-On-Rails?
Ruby on Rails is a simple and attractive framework for quickly building web applications. This programming language is user-friendly for beginners and has an easy syntax. Ruby on Rails is actively used by GitHub, Hulu, and Airbnb.
RoR is a popular framework since it gives developers a variety of options when they're making the administrative interfaces for their business apps. As a result, Ruby on Rails development services is typically used to create basic blog-like webpages and simple model relations. You can hire an appropriate RoR development company for the same.
Pros Of Ruby
- It serves the objective of rapid web development.
- It is simpler to integrate new features, and your project can continue to develop with the help of effective Ruby on Rails development services.
- The numerous default behaviors enable you to concentrate more on your project's genuine added value—customized functionalities, sophisticated interfaces, and interactivity.
Cons Of Ruby
- The support communities for Ruby are not as large as Java.
- Ruby is frequently referred to as a slower programming language by several reference sites that frequently run and test response programming languages.
- Ruby is a relatively new computer language with its own distinct coding language. This is viewed as a drawback by some programmers because it takes a lot of effort to understand the language before utilizing it.
- Updates to the Ruby on Rails development services are slower.
What is Java?
Java is a unique programming language that is based on the grammar of C and C++. Since its inception, Java has been carefully developed to prevent even the possibility of some significant programming errors.
Because Java lacks pointers, it prevents programmers from unintentionally accessing the erroneous memory address. Java is highly regarded among programmers as an accessible, secure, object-oriented, and agnostic programming language.
Pros Of Java
- It is suitable for multiplatform.
- It is fairly simple to alternate once you master its syntax.
- Leave things "clear," which can be verbose but is sometimes beneficial.
- There are many resources available, including those found in libraries, the documentation, and the community.
- There is always an alternative; you are not constrained to any idea, bookshop, or method of doing things. This makes it faster than interpreted languages and not much slower than compiled languages.
Cons of Java
- It is its syntax; when compared to C# or Python, we find it to be extremely onerous. In contrast to its counterpart in .NET, C# is a language that advances very slowly.
- Its primary goal is not performance, and while this has advantages, it also has drawbacks.
- It is ES for developing multimedia applications or those with only bare-bones functionality (of computer vision).
- Because there are so many options available and because the generics implementation is not entirely object-oriented, it might be difficult to make selections when you are unfamiliar with the possibilities.
Investigate the similarities and differences between Java and Ruby to decide which one will best suit your business demands before making the ultimate decision in favor of one solution. To get rid of any mistakes, review the linguistic flaws as well. RoR and Java can be used in conjunction in some circumstances and serve as complements to one another. For your unique needs, you could require something entirely different, such as Python or PHP.
If you need advice on the best technological stack for your project, W3villa is more than happy to help. Simply send us an email with the details of your project if you'd like to be consulted. Our specialists will respond to you right away and provide more knowledge on our software development services.Descrizione
Queste due cose meravigliose Sofia Gucci e Martina Gold vengono scopate in un trio sul divano di casa sua con Nando Colelli. Le brune arrapate iniziano a baciare appassionatamente il ragazzo che vogliono scopare. È molto eccitato pensando di avere due bellezze per lui solo quando inizia a leccare la figa di una di loro mentre l’altra ragazza si infila le dita nella figa. Dopo un sacco di sesso orale, le due volpi cavalcano sul suo cazzo duro e iniziano a scopare come un matto fino a quando non eiaculano.رئیس مرکز ملی تحقیقات و مطالعات باروری ابرها گفت: موضوع بارورسازی ابرها یک مسئله شناختهشده در کل دنیا است که تاثیرات مطلوب آن نیز تاکنون شناسایی شده و نظراتی که از
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کالیفرنیا هیچ یک از این کارها را انجام نمی دهد. او در حال آماده شدن برای یک روز جلسات در یکی از چندین شرکت هواپیمایی تجاری است که نوید می دهد همه راحتی خانه ، از جمله خواب راحت را فراهم می کند.
این را تکامل کلاس اول یا بازگشت به روزهایی که پرواز پر زرق و برق بود ، بنامید ، اما تعداد فزاینده ای از شرکت های هواپیمایی صندلی های تختخواب را به مسافران تجاری و یا درجه یک بین المللی ارائه می دهند.
برخلاف صندلی های تخت خوابیده که زاویه دار هستند ، صندلی های تخت خواب تخت کاملاً 180 درجه خم می شوند. ابعاد تخت بستگی به خطوط هوایی دارد: طول صندلی Virgin Atlantic 79.5 اینچ است. هواپیمایی بریتیش ایرویز در کلاس تجاری 72 اینچ و در کلاس اول 78 اینچ است.
آبرامسون ، مدیرعامل یک شرکت بازاریابی بین المللی ، گفت: "من 6 پا قد دارم و در آن احساس راحتی می کنم." "من می توانم بدون اینکه انگشتان پا را حلقه کنم یا زانوهایم را خم کنم ، صاف بخوابم. هر زمان که پرواز West Coast London را انجام می دهم ، معمولاً نیمی از دو سوم پرواز را در خواب می گذرانم ، بیشتر از آنچه در خانه هستم. مطمئناً اگر مجبور شوید از هواپیما پیاده شوید و می خواهید عملکردی داشته باشید ، کار را آسان تر می کند. "
یافتن داستانهای بیشتر در: بریتیش ایرویز | ویرجین آتلانتیک
البته تختخواب در هواپیما ایده جدیدی نیست. در دهه 1930 ، کلیپرز پان آم ، که از آب بلند شد ، اسکله هایی داشت که به صورت تخت خوابیده قرار می گرفت. پس از جنگ جهانی دوم ، بوئینگ 377 Stratocruisers شرکت هواپیمایی صندلی های خوابیده ارائه داد. در دهه 80 ، خطوط هوایی ژاپن و هواپیمایی فیلیپین دارای پلکان های مارپیچی بودند که به یک طبقه بالایی پرده ای روی تخت های 747 خود منتهی می شدند. سرانجام تختخواب ها حذف شدند.
دن پتری ، رئیس دانشکده تجارت در دانشگاه هواپیمایی Embry-Riddle گفت ، اما به دلیل مقررات زدایی و افزایش رقابت ، اقتصاد اقتصادی صنعت هواپیمایی تغییر کرد. وی گفت که اختصاص فضای صرف هزینه برای تخت های بالای صندلی بسیار دشوارتر شد.
وی گفت: "من فکر می کنم اکنون شاهد تلاش های شرکت های هواپیمایی برای تمایز مارک های خود ، تلاش برای ایجاد ارزش اضافی از نظر خدماتی هستند که به مشتریان خود ارائه می دهند." "من فکر می کنم این یکی از دلایلی است که ما شاهد این تمایل به توجه به هواپیمای تجاری با حاشیه نسبتاً بالا هستیم."
هواپیمایی بریتیش ایرویز اولین بار در سال 1996 صندلی های تخت برای مسافران درجه یک و در سال 2000 برای کلاس تجاری بریتیش ایرویز با نام Club World قرار گرفت. خطوط هوایی دیگری از جمله خطوط هوایی آفریقای جنوبی ، ویرجین آتلانتیک ، ایر کانادا ، کاتای پاسیفیک و خطوط هوایی سنگاپور دنبال شدند. (چندین شرکت هواپیمایی دیگر دارای صندلی های تخت خوابیده هستند).
شرکت های حمل و نقل آمریکایی که به دلیل مشکلات مالی عقب نشسته اند ، سعی می کنند این روند را جبران کنند.
یونایتد ایرلاینز ماه گذشته اولین شرکت هواپیمایی آمریکایی بود که صندلی های تختخواب را در کابین های تجاری بین المللی ارائه می دهد. دلتا قصد دارد از سال آینده معرفی صندلی های تخت تخت را در کلاس تجاری آغاز کند. و آمریکایی همچنان به جای برخی از صندلی های کلاس تجاری خود با صندلی های تخت خواب دار زاویه دار ادامه می دهد.
مت دایملر ، بنیانگذار SeatGuru.com ، گفت: "چالش خطوط هوایی این است كه وقتی كاملاً صاف باشید ، فضای بیشتری را در هواپیما اشغال می كنید و نمی توانید به اندازه بسیاری از آنها در هواپیما جا بگیرید." صندلی های تخت (زاویه دار) به آنها امکان می دهد تعداد مناسبی از صندلی های هواپیما را بدست آورند و هنوز راحتی بیشتری را ارائه می دهند. "
مزایای تخت های معلق در هوا فراتر از خواب آرام است. ایرباس جدید A380 شرکت هواپیمایی سنگاپور دارای سوئیت هایی با تخت های دو نفره ، درهای کشویی ، کمد و پنجره است. ویرجین آتلانتیک کلاس فوقانی یا کلاس تجاری خود را ، حمل و نقل زمینی مسافران ، ماساژهای داخل پرواز ، و کلاب در فرودگاه ارائه می دهد که در آن می توانند دوش بگیرند ، ناهار بخورند و ایمیل را چک کنند.
رابرت باکمن ، مدیر استراتژی های توزیع هواپیمایی برای آمادئوس آمریکای شمالی ، گفت: "سوئیت های خصوصی که از شرکت های هواپیمایی مانند سنگاپور می بینیم اساساً کانکس در ابرها هستند." "وسایل خواب و سایر امکانات رفاهی فراتر از گزینه نشستن تختخواب است ، اما قیمت آن نیز کاهش می یابد. این سوئیت های خصوصی برای جذب نوع خاصی از مسافران لوکس یا بسیار VIP طراحی شده اند که به دنبال یک تجربه سفر بسیار منحصر به فرد هستند. "
تأمین تقاضا برای تختخواب های تختخواب رقابت بین شرکت های هواپیمایی برای مسافران برتر است ، که برای یک شرکت هواپیمایی ارزش بیشتری نسبت به مسافران مربی دارد. بلیط های بین المللی کلاس اول / کلاس تجاری می توانند هزاران دلار بیشتر هزینه داشته باشند.
جورج هوفر ، استاد اقتصاد در دانشگاه مشترک المنافع ویرجینیا گفت ، با گذشت سالها ، نشستن روبرو محلی برای شخصی با مایلهای زیاد شد که خواهان فضای پا و الکل رایگان بودند. بنابراین برای مسافران و شرکت ها سخت شد که هزاران دلار هزینه کنند بدون اینکه احساس کنند که برای پول خود خیلی بیشتر می شوند.
وی گفت: "من محفظه های خواب را به این ترتیب تشبیه می كنم كه سعی در بازسازی آنچه قبلاً سرویس کلاس Pullman نامیده می شد ، خدمات فوق العاده درجه یک است." "" فضای بیشتری به آنها بدهید و امیدوارم که یک قیمت برتر از آنها بگیرید تا بیش از فضای اضافی را که به آنها اختصاص داده ایم ، پوشش دهد. "
باكمن گفت: خواب خوب شبانه در یك پرواز شبانه می تواند در عملكرد مدیران مشاغل در روز بعد تفاوت ایجاد كند. اما او گفت که مسافران نیز از تختخوابها استفاده می کنند. باکمن گفت
برای مسافران مربی که ممکن است از خواب راحت شکایت داشته باشند ، شرکت هواپیمایی لوفت هانزا آلمان یک کابین تمام صندلی خواب را با تختخواب سه نفره در نظر گرفته است.
آبرامسون گفت تخت های هواپیما زندگی او را بسیار آسان کرده اند.
وی گفت: "شما نباید نگران باشید كه شخصی كه در كنار شما است گوش خود را چت كند." "شما نگران خرد شدن در صندلی نباشید. این یک تخت هتل نیست ، اما با توجه به اینکه در کجا هستید و چه کاری انجام می دهید ، اگر توانایی پرواز به این روش را داشته باشید ، راهی بسیار راحت برای پرواز است. "
usatoday.comدر خراسان جنوبی، خراسان رضوی، ارتفاعات کرمان و همچنین سواحل دریای خزر و اردبیل بارش پراکنده را خواهیم داشت.
با ورود سامانه بارشی از غرب کشور، ابتدا مناطق غرب و به تدریج جنوب غرب کشور، همچنین دامنههای جنوبی البرز و استانهایی از جمله قزوین، البرز و تهران و غرب اصفهان، بارشها آغاز خواهد شد.Akagi’s aircraft participated in the Second Sino-Japanese War in the late 1930s. Upon the formation of the First Air Fleet or Kido Butai (Striking Force) in early 1941. She became its flagship, and remained so for the duration of her service.
With other fleet carriers, she took part in the Pearl Harbor raid in December 1941 and the invasion of Rabaul in the Southwest Pacific in January 1942. The following month her aircraft bombed Darwin, Australia and assisted in the conquest of the Dutch East Indies.
In March and April 1942, Akagi’s aircraft helped sink a British heavy cruiser and an Australian destroyer in the Indian Ocean raid.|Space Launch Report New Launchers - Ares V|
|Home On the Pad Space Logs Library Links|
Ares V, NASA's proposed heavy-lift lunar exploration cargo launch vehicle, cancelled with Project Constellation on February 1, 2010, came close to finally realizing the long-considered "Shuttle-derived" concept. The Shuttle-derived idea had been around for decades. Studies of heavy-lift Shuttle-derived launch vehicles actually predated Space Shuttle.
Ares V promised to be an unprecedented earth-shaking colossus. Design changes gradually made it taller, heavier, more powerful, and more capable than Saturn V, or any other launch vehicle in history.
Ares V was designed to orbit the 51 tonne "Altair" lunar lander along with the Earth Departure Stage (EDS). A smaller Ares I would subsequently launch an Orion spacecraft crewed by four astronauts. Orion would rendezvous and dock with the EDS/Altair stack, forming a structure that at 201 tonnes would weigh more than some fully-fueled launch vehicles at liftoff. The EDS, which would have expended about 150 tonnes of propellant during its ascent to LEO, would then burn its remaining 100 tonnes or so of propellant to send Orion and Altair toward the Moon.
One Later Design - Six RS-68s and Two 5.5 SRBs
On June 23, 2008, NASA's Constellation Program Manager Jeff Hanley announced that the Ares V baseline design had grown larger and more powerful than previous designs. The trans-lunar insertion (TLI) capability had risen to 71 tonnes, a 7 tonne increase. The theoretical Low Earth Orbit (LEO) payload had grown to 145 tonnes or more from the previous 130-ish tonnes (see Table 1 for Details).
Planners added a sixth RS-68 engine to the core stage and specified a pair of five-and-a-half segment solid rocket boosters. The previous design used five RS-68s and two five-segment boosters. The core stage was lengthened. The Earth Departure Stage (EDS) diameter had already been increased to 10 meters to match the core diameter during recent design iterations. The payload fairing diameter also grew to 10 meters. Overall height jumped to 116.16 meters, 5.56 meters taller than Saturn V. Liftoff weight increased to 3,699.23 tonnes and liftoff thrust to an unprecedented 5,306 tonnes.
The bigger Ares V would require the rebuilding of the existing Launch Complex 39 crawlerway. All-new crawler transporters and mobile launch platforms would also be needed. A new launch pad might even be necessary.
The Ares V designed
continued to evolve through "Phase A" design definition work in 2009. A
Systems Requirements Review (SRR) for Ares V and Altair was expected in 2010, but never
occurred. Actual work on the big rocket would not have begun until after Shuttle's
retirement in 2010. First launch would not have occurred until 2018 at the
earliest. The EDS and core stages would have been manufactured at the Michoud
Assembly Facility near New Orleans.
The Road to Ares V - a Partial History
Boeing performed the first "Shuttle-derived" launch vehicle study for NASA in 1977, four years before the first Space Shuttle flight. The idea was repeatedly examined during the following decades.
The Shuttle-derived idea faded in the face of budget realities during the later 1990s, but reappeared after the 2003 loss of orbiter Columbia and crew. The early 2004 "Vision for Space Exploration" plan announced by President Bush, a long-term plan for NASA to retire Shuttle and to send astronauts to the Moon and eventually Mars, prompted several reassessments. Heavy-lift proposals were quickly dusted off, especially when it became apparent that NASA was interested in a capsule based approach.
Marshall Space Flight Center's External Tank Project Office, along with Lockheed Martin, Boeing, and Orbital Sciences, proposed an 80 tonne to LEO "Magnum" type design boosted by four expendable SSMEs. The ET-derived core stage could fly alone, topped by an upper stage, to launch a 20 tonne Crew Exploration Vehicle. The core alone, boosted by four or five segment SRBs, would be added to lift up to 70 or 80 tonnes to LEO. When a J-2S power upper stage was added, the vehicle would be able to orbit 109 tonnes.
ATK also proposed use of four or five expendable SSMEs on an ET-based core augmented by new five-segment SRBs. An upper stage could be powered by an SSME or by a pair of J-2S engines. LEO payloads of 100 tonnes to more than 135 tonnes were suggested.
ATK also famously proposed a separate "single-stick" Crew Launch Vehicle that would use a single SRB topped by a new upper stage. This approach was soon embraced by incoming NASA Administrator Michael Griffin. Soon after taking office In 2005, Griffin assigned a committee to perform the landmark Exploration Systems Architecture Studies (ESAS), which examined a wide variety of launch systems for exploring the Moon and Mars. The final ESAS recommendation looked much like ATK's 2004 proposal, which in turn was heavily based on "Magnum", "Comet", "Mars Direct Ares", National Launch System and others.
Ares V Defined, and Redefined
The preferred ESAS heavy-lift "Cargo Launch Vehicle" (CaLV), identified as "LV 27.3", used five-segment SRBs with HTPB propellant rather than the Shuttle SRB PBAN propellant. The ET-based core was powered by five SSMEs. The "Earth Departure Stage" (EDS, or second stage) was powered by a pair of J-2S engines. "LV 27.3" was expected to be able to deliver 126 tonnes to a 56 x 111 km x 28 deg insertion orbit, or 54.6 tonnes directly to trans lunar injection (TLI). The upper stage would be able to boost 68.6 tonnes to TLI if a rendevous mission with an Ares I launched CEV were performed.
In 2006, NASA substantially modified the CaLV design, expanding the core stage to 10 meters in diameter, replacing the core stage SSMEs with five RS-68 engines, and replacing the specified pair of J-2S second stage engines with a single new higher-performance "J-2X" engine. Only the second stage retained the Shuttle External Tank diameter. The new rocket, able to boost nearly 130 tonnes to a 222 km LEO, was named "Ares V" in late 2006. This Ares V essentially served as the baseline until mid to late 2007.
During 2007, increasing performance requirements forced NASA to consider more powerful Ares V designs. A large trade study, involving dozens of designs that were given "LV 45", "LV 46", and "LV 47" series designations examined methods to improve performance. Concepts included additional solid boosters or liquid boosters, use of new-design composite case SRBs, use of additional series core stages, use of a fatter core, and the addition of a sixth RS-68 core stage engine. Selected changes were gradually adopted into a new "LV 51" series baseline during the last months of 2007.
An early change increased the diameter of the upper stage and payload shroud to 10 meters, matching the core diameter. Additional changes included increased SRB nozzle length, changes to the solid propellant mix, improved SRB vacuum specific impulse, bettered RS-68 thrust and specific impulse, and increased use of lighter weight composite structures. In early 2008, 5.5 segment SRBs and a sixth RS-68 were added. In 2009, NASA began reconsidering use of RS-68, again contemplating use of an SSME cluster, and even the ET-diameter tank, in an "Ares V Lite" design mentioned in the Augustine Committee final report.
At the end, it could be argued that Ares
V was barely, if at all, "Shuttle-derived" since it no longer used Space Shuttle
four-segment SRBs, External Tanks, or Space Shuttle Main Engines. Ares V would,
however, have been built, tested, and launched using modified Space Shuttle facilities.
In broad architecture, if not in detail, Ares V harkened back to numerous
Shuttle-derived in-line designs studied for more than 30 years.
The Role, Rationale, and Economics of a Shuttle Derived Cargo Vehicle, Frank Williams and Robert Tewell, Martin Marietta Aerospace, 1983..
Advanced Transportation Systems Studies, Technical Area 2, Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle Development Contract, NAS8-39208, Final Report, Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space for the Launch Systems Concepts Office of the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, July 1995.
Heavy Lift Launch for Lunar Exploration, Michael D. Griffin, University of Wisconsin Lecture, 1997.
Extending Human Presence into the Solar System, An Independent Study for the Planetary Society on Strategy for the Proposed U.S. Space Exploration Policy, July 2004.
Service Life Extension Program Summit 2, Strategy Panel, Presentation by Doug Cooke, Chair, February 17, 2004.
Exploration Transportation System, Presentation by Mike Kahn of ATK at the 2004 Space Congress, April 2004.
Shuttle Derived Launch Vehicles - A Solution for Space Access, James A. Furfaro and Dennis G. Johnson, ATK Thiokol Inc., 2005.
Shuttle Derived In-Line Heavy Lift Vehicle, Terry Greenwood, MSFC, 2005.
NASA's Exploration Systems Architecture Study (ESAS), Final Report, NASA-TM-2005-214062, November 2005.
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的必经程序），交易两边签定房子交易合同（或称房子交易契约）。交易两边经过洽谈，对房子位于方位、产权情况及成交报价、房子交给时刻、房子交给、产权处理等达到一致意见后，两边签定少一式三份的房子交易合同。<br/><br/>三、处理过户<br/><br/>交易两边共同向房地产交易管理部分提出请求，接受检查。交易两边向房地产管理部分提出请求手续后，管理部分要查验有关证件，检查产权，对契合上市条件的房子准予处理过户手续，对无产权或部分产权又未得到别的产权共有人书面赞同的情况回绝请求，制止上市交易。<br/>四、立契<br/>房地有关部分依据交易房子的产权情况和采购目标，按交易部分事前设定的批阅权限逐级申报审阅同意后，交易两边才能处理立契手续。（如今北京市已取消了交易过程中的房地产卖契，即我们所俗称的“白契”。）<br/>五、缴纳税费<br/><br/>税费的构成比较复杂，要依据交易房子的性质而定。比方房改房、危改回迁房、经济适用房与其它商品房的税费构成是不一样的。shhuang44ss<br/><br/>六、处理产权转移过户手续<br/><br/>交易两边在房地产交易管理部分处理完产权改变挂号后，交易资料移送到发证部分，买方凭收取房子一切权证通知单到发证部分申领新的产权证。<br/>七、银行借款<br/>对借款的买受人来说在与卖方签定完房子交易合同后由交易两边共同到借款银行处理借款手续，银行审阅买方的资信，对两边欲交易的房子进行评估，以断定买方的借款额度，然后同意买方的借款，待两边完结产权挂号改变，买方收取房子一切权证后，银即将借款一次性发放。<br/>八、打余款完结交易<br/>买方收取房子一切权证、付清一切房款，卖方交给房子并结清一切物业费后两边的二手房子交易合同悉数实行结束。<br/>买一套房子成为许多朋友们的愿望，房地产市场目前的报价一天一个价，上涨的幅度很快，许多老百姓买一套房子很不容易，所以买房子前一定要了解一下二手房交易过户详细流程。
转按揭贷款是二手房按揭贷款的一种方式，是银行向购买已在我行办理按揭贷款但贷款本息尚未还清且《土地房屋权证》已办妥的二手房的个人客户发放的贷款。 (一)贷款用途用于支付二手房购房款。 (二)贷款对象年满十八周岁至六十周岁并具有完全民事行为能力的中国公民。 (三)贷款条件1、借款人持有效身份证件;2、借款人已卖房人签订合法有效的房地产买卖合同或购房意向书，有所购房产总价款30%以上的自有资金;3、借款人有稳定、合法的收入来源，有按期偿还贷款本息的能力;4、能够提供建行认可的担保;5、借款人在建行开立存款帐户(或办理龙卡);6、建设银行规定的其他条件。 (四)贷款额度贷款额度最高为所购二手房总价款的70%，但单笔贷款金额最高为150万元。 (五)贷款期限贷款期限最长为20年。 (六)贷款利率贷款利率按中国人民银行公布的贷款利率和建行有关规定执行。
遗 嘱 <br/><br/>立遗嘱人:李××，男，××年×月×日出生，汉族，现住 * * 市××路×号×室，身份证号:××××。 <br/><br/> 我今年78岁，在立遗嘱时精神清醒，由于年事已高，并患有高血压、糖尿病等疾病，可能发生意外，故立遗嘱，由于我握笔困难，由刘应良律师代我起草本遗嘱，由湖北诚信联合律师事务所刘应良律师、陶小平律师进行见证。遗嘱内容如下: <br/><br/> 1、将我位于 * * * 市××路×号×室的房产一栋(房产证号:××××)由儿子李××继承。 <br/><br/> 2、除上述房产外，我其余的财产按照国家有关法律进行处理。 <br/><br/> 3、我指定刘应良律师作为我的遗嘱执行人。 <br/><br/> 5、本遗嘱一式三份，我本人、遗嘱执行人、湖北诚信联合律师事务所各保管一份，继承开始时由执行人负责实施。 <br/><br/>立遗嘱人:李×× <br/><br/>代书人:刘应良律师 <br/><br/>证明人:王××<br/> 在场人:张 * *<br/><br/>时 间:二00九年**月**日
依据《中华人民共和国继承法》第十六条第二款规定，公民可以立遗嘱将个人财产指定由法定继承人中的一人或数人继承。生前立下自书遗嘱，指定由原告一人继承涉案房屋。自书遗嘱所立程序及表现形式均符合法律规定，故该自书遗嘱依法成立，应受法律保护。现已离世，原告作为法定继承人，依据生前所立遗嘱主张继承涉案房产中所占份额的诉讼请求，理由充分，法院予以支持。 告在涉案房产中所占份额较多，从有利于当事人生活便利、生活习惯等情况考虑，涉案房产归原告吴某1所有较为适宜，但应按被告应继承份额予以折价补偿，即原告应当按照涉案房产价值60000元的1/10折价补偿被告吴某3金额6000元。
这么跟你说你吧,你买到的肯定不是二手房，绝对是一手的房子，只不过是中介从开发商那里拿到的一部分房源，他们会跟你说是需要更名的！因为就不存在卖家，就是开发商~再问一下，你买的房子应该是刚建成不久的房子吧？<br/>不过不管怎么说买到自己喜欢的房子就好了！中介应该还不至于黑你的钱！法治社会么！他们也怕吃官司的！我就是中介！谢谢！
那发票上也不是你的名字,以后后遗症很多.只有房产证才是证明产权归属的证据.你要考虑清楚谨慎下手.
房屋买卖合同中没有对大修基金问题进行特别约定的，一般合同总价款即包括大修基金，由买受人承受该权利。
你好!我就是做二手房的!<br/>像你所说，可能打官司赢的几率只有百分之75-80!<br/>因为在你合同上有个很大的毙命，那就是你把(定)金的(定) 写成了这个(订)，这两个字的区别太大了，这个(订)可以说算是意向金，而这个(定)是完全定下的意思，光这个(定)字就算不写几倍赔偿，法院也会判房主赔偿你双倍的，而这个言字旁的(订)就有很大的出入了!如果你打首付款给房主了还好些，如果光是订金，打官司能房主陪你三倍的钱就不一定了，你找个好点的律师也许会赢的!希望你能成功!!! <br/>那就行，这要是这个(定)字 那你打官司稳赢!放心吧!
因你们双方买卖合同对该种情况没有进行详尽约定，所以根据合同约定无法确定是否应当返回5000元定金。但根据定金罚则的规定，不是由于你的原因致使合同无法履行，因此你不需承担违约责任，你缴纳的5000元定金可以要求返还。
建议协商处理，一般不退。
你没有处理好与租户的关系，全部责任在你。信用社是按照合同履行义务，而你没有履行交房义务，租客的关系是你自行处理，而不是信用社去处理。建议你赶紧与租客沟通腾退房屋交给信用社。
只有购房合同没有房产证的房子可以卖，但房产属于不动产以登记为准，只有拿到房产证之后才能办理过户手续，而只要没有办理过户手续，产权始终属于原房主所有，原房主可以随时违约不同意过户，而购房人只能按购房协议要求原房主承担违约责任或损失赔偿责任，但无法要求房屋的产权。<br/><br/>没有房产证不能过户： 根据目前的相关规定，取得房产证的房屋才可以进行二次交易，没有取得房产证的房屋禁止上市交易的。由于目前我国采取的是产权登记制度，如果房产证的所有人不是自己的话，那将无权处理该房屋，同样的也就无权享受到该房屋所带来的相关利益，也就是说，如果将来万一该房屋需要拆迁，那自己将无法得到补偿。同时，如果只签订合同，并不能保证最终的结果，如果卖方反悔，同样不能得到房屋的产权，尤其是在已经付款的情况下，风险较大。当然，实际中有部分交易者会采取这样的方式，签订协议之后并进行公证，协议中把相关的过户时间等也进行约定。但这仍然取决于双方的诚信。所以最好选购已经取得房产证的房屋。 没有房产证过户的后果： (一)只公证不过户对买房人来说存在巨大风险。因为在我国房地产法律、法规中，买卖双方一旦发生纠纷，房产证是房屋所有权的第一证据，购房合同属于次要证据。一旦卖房人将房屋抵押或转售，买方人的利益将无法保证。 (二)另外，公证机构应该根据房产证的所有权而不是根据买卖合同来做公证，如果双方发生纠纷走诉讼程序，其公证效力也将受质疑。买二手房不是一件小事，动辄就是几十万，所以提醒消费者，对于没有房产证的二手房，一定要多加小心，目前还没有一种合适的办法处理这种交易，保证双方的利益都不受到损失。 不办房产证过户的风险： 房产证是权利人依法拥有房地产合法权利并对房地产行使占有、使用、收益和处分的唯一合法凭证。依法登记的房地产权受国家法律的保护。在现实中，经常有人认为向他人购买房地产，不一定要办理房地产权属的过户，只要卖方把 《房地产权证》交给自己保管就不成问题了，殊不知这一做法存在很大的风险。 如果卖方有官司在身，那么他名下的房地产有可能被法院查封，被查封的房地产将不能办理产权过户手续。如果卖方不守信用，他可以以遗失为由向房地产管理部门提出补发《房地产权证》的申请。补发 《房地产权证》后，卖方就可以凭产权证把房屋再转卖给他人或抵押给银行，产生“一女嫁二夫”的现象，到时，最没有保障的会是买方。除此之外，买方也提供不了产权依据，行使出售、出租、抵押、拆迁受偿房地产的权利。
合同签订后，如果对方尚没有履行主要义务，一方有权提出解除合同，并支付违约金，这属于合同当事人的权利，法院一般不会用司法权强行判定，这在法理上也是可以讲的通的。不过我们仍然主张大家按合同办事。
1、要看你交的定金是什么性质。定金分为成约定金、履约定金等，性质不一样，担保的结果也不一样。<br/>2、如果合同是有效力的话，你可以主张违约金。当然，我需要看合同内容。<br/>3、起诉时间最长六个月。<br/>4、你最好要聘用对合同法研究。Arjantin basınında çıkan habere göre, 2017 Ocak ayından Hazine Bakanı olarak görev yapan Nicolas Dujovne, Devlet Başkanı Mauricio Macri'ye yazdığı bir mektupla görevini bıraktı.
Dujovne, Macri hükümetinin ekonomi alanında ciddi değişikliklere gerek duyduğunu belirttiği mektupta, "Hem kişisel hem de profesyonel anlamda farklı, modern, dünyayla uyum içinde Arjantin'in inşası için her şeyimi ortaya koydum. Kamu harcamalarının ve bütçe açığının azaltılması gibi birçok başarılarımız oldu. Aynı zamanda, hatalar da yaptık ve yaptığımız hataları kabul edip düzeltme konusunda şüphe etmedik." ifadelerine yer verdi.
Dujovne, Arjantin'in Uluslararası Para Fonu'nun (IMF) tarihindeki en büyük borç olan 57 milyar dolarlık stand-by anlaşmasında büyük rol oynamıştı.
Arjantin'de düzenlenen ön seçimlerde hükümetin büyük oranda oy kaybetmesiyle Devlet Başkanı Macri kabinesinde değişiklik yapılacağı söylentileri basında yer almıştı.
Öte yandan, Dujovne'nin yerine Hazine Bakanlığı görevine, tatilini yarıda bırakarak başkent Buenos Aires'e Macri ile görüşmek için gelen, Buenos Aires Eyaleti Ekonomi Bakanı Hernan Lacunza'nın getirilmesi bekleniyor.1、动画6中有几种违法行为？
A、一种违法行为
B、二种违法行为
C、三种违法行为
D、四种违法行为
正确答案：C
分析：有3种违法行为：1、打电话；2、不系安全带；3、与前方拥堵走应急车道！
2、装有转向肋力装置的机动车，驾驶人突然发现转向困难，操作费力，要紧握转向盘保持低速行驶。
A、正确
B、错误
正确答案：B
分析：出现这种情况时，应当握紧方向盘，减速停车。先下车看一下是不是轮胎问题，如不是，应马上进维修站检查，最好用拖车拖。因此本题错误。
3、驾驶机动车在下坡行驶过程中行车制动器失效，以下做法正确的是什么？
A、驶入紧急避险车道
B、使用发动机制动
C、使用驻车制动器制动
D、必要时，可用车体刮擦路边障碍物减速
正确答案：ABCD
分析：以上四个选项都可以在行车制动器失效的情况下起到制动的效果，因此应该选ABCD。
4、驾驶机动车在雾天两车交会时怎样做最安全？
A、开启远光灯
B、低速大距离
C、开启近光灯
D、开启雾灯
正确答案：B
分析：雾天行车能见度低，视野不良，因此与其他车辆会车时要低速会车，目的是为了加大会车距离。因此本题选B。
5、左侧标志指示高速公路两个行驶方向的目的地。
A、正确
B、错误
正确答案：A
分析：指示高速公路两个行驶方向的目的地.
6、驾驶车辆在交叉路口前变更车道时，应怎样驶入要变更的车道？
A、在路口前实线区内根据需要
B、进入路口实线区内
C、在虚线区按导向箭头指示
D、在路口停止线前
正确答案：C
分析：实线不可跨线行驶，应该在虚线区按导向箭头指示变更车道。
7、在这种情况下被超机动车驾驶人怎样应对？
A、鸣喇叭进行警告
B、减速或靠右停车
C、开远光灯抗议
D、加速反超后告诫
正确答案：B
分析：虽然遇到机动车这样超车，会心里不爽，但为了安全起见，要让对方先通过，因此本题选B。
8、行车中当驾驶人意识到机动车爆胎时，应在控制住方向的情况下采取紧急制动，迫使机动车迅速停住。
A、正确
B、错误
正确答案：B
分析：题目只要出现“迅速”，“快”等字眼就是错的，就只有一道题就是事故无可避免的时候要迅速刹车，其他都是错的。
9、机动车在道路上行驶时，属于交通陋习的是什么行为？
A、按规定使用灯光
B、带行驶证、驾驶证
C、随意向车外抛洒物品
D、遵守交通信号
正确答案：C
分析：随意向车外抛洒物品，会影响其他车辆等的行驶，也不环保卫生，因此本题选C。
10、驾驶机动车在城市快速路上行驶，以下做法错误的是什么？
A、在最左侧车道内停车
B、在路肩上行驶
C、学习驾驶机动车
D、倒车
正确答案：ABCD
分析：城市快速道路是指城市道路中设有中央分隔带，具有四条以上的车道，全部或部分采用立体交叉与控制出入，供车辆以较高的速度行驶的道路。以上四个选项都是在城市快速道路中禁止的行为。
11、驾驶机动车向右变更车道前应仔细观察右侧车道车流情况的原因是什么？
A、判断有无变更车道的条件
B、准备抢行
C、迅速变更车道
D、准备迅速停车
正确答案：A
分析：仔细观察是为了判断是否可以变道，也就是有无变更车道的条件。如果没有变更车道的条件，应该放弃变道等候合适时机;如果有变更车道的条件，驾驶员打开转向灯后，再伺机变更车道。
12、夜间驾驶机动车在窄路或者窄桥遇自行车对向驶来时，要怎样使用灯光？
A、连续变换远、近光
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Additionally many patients still are suffering in the braces as most of them are very uncomfortable to wear. Most of the braces just aim at pressing against the humps visible on the patients' body and compress the patients trunk which may lead to pain and limitation of breathing. Today with the Gensingen brace according to Dr. Weiss a new area has begun. Scoliosis correction is no more achieved by compressing the patient, but with a corrective movement guided by the brace (Fig. 3). Fig. 3. Corrective movement according the the original Schroth principles in the brace as in the exercise. With this new approach (Gensingen Brace according to Dr. Weiss / GBW) we achieve the best possible corrections with the smallest and most comfortable bracing series as available today. Patients in the range of the SRS inclusion criteria for brace treatment (20 - 40° Cobb) usually find the brace far more comfortable than other braces available today. And the patients treated with the GBW after treatment show a very good quality of life. With this new approach (GBW) we are able to not only stop curvature progression, but we may aim at final improvements as can be seen in the following. The GBW is a CAD / CAM brace provided by Koob GmbH & Co KG, Germany, constructed on the basis of a simple classification. Only these standardized CAD / CAM braces may be distributed using the trademark Gensingen Brace™! All official distributors can be found on the Schroth Best Practice Academy list. It can be made according to measurements and / or based on a patients' scan (Fig. 4 and 5): Fig. 4 & 5: Scan based construction and application of a GBW for a single thoracic curve nicely correctable (With kind permission of Nicos Tournavitis, SBPRS Thessaloniki and Athens) Of course in more mature patients especially with curvatures exceeding 50° some problems may arise but these can usually be solved in short time so as to allow also the treatment of patients with curvatures exceeding 50° (Fig. 6). Fig. 6. 14.6 year old adolescent, progressive in her previous brace from outside Germany, left before treatment with a GBW and right 6 weeks wearing the GBW for a single thoracic curve full time. Nowadays there is evidence that final improvements can be achieved as well: Fig. 7 & 8: Clinical and radiological improvements after bracing with the GBW Fig. 9 & 10. Improvement of a boy with a curve exceeding 50° (56°) and improvement of an early onset scoliosis from 48 to 24° after growth. Fig. 11 & 12. Good in-brace correction leads to a good final result after treatment....... Fig. 13. Also improvements of the rib hump are possible. Fig. 14. Patient with 38° initially at the age of 11 with final result of 19° 5.6 years after brace weaning without any further treatment. This shows that stable corrections can be achieved when treatment starts early enough and if enough growth for correction can be expected. This case is described more deeply in a case report. Fig. 15. Patient working as a wedding gown model after having had treatment with the GBW As a matter of fact in-brace correction depends on many factors. There is a clear negative correlation between age and in-brace correction. This means more mature patients at Risser 4 will not correct as easily as immature patients (e.g.. girls at 11 to 13 years of age). Fig. 16. A big curve in a patient at growth will have moderate in-brace corrections. The patient received ECSW therapy due to functional tethered cord syndrome and had no more pains during her sportly activities Fig. 17. Some patients do not want to undergo surgery even with curvatures exceeding 80°. So we try to achieve some corrections also in curvatures of that size although these braces are not as comfortable to wear as braces for curve up to 50°and may need additional tools In-brace correction also depends on the size of the curvature: The bigger the curve (Cobb angle) the smaller the in-brace correction. In-brace correction also depends on curve pattern: While single curve patterns are more easily to correct double or triple curves are harder to correct. Especially the curve patterns with a high lumbar apex and a low thoracic apex has not enough lever arm to be correctable to a high extent. Even if in this pattern of curvature big improvement of the x-ray cannot be achieved the cosmetic outcome is beneficial when the patient wears the brace as prescribed. More information can be gained here. Fig. 18. Curve pattern where big radiologic gains cannot be expected, however, cosmetic improvements are regularly achieved when compliance can be gained Fig. 19. Double thoracic curves also do not correct to a very high extent, however these combined curves are cosmetically less obvious. Rarely corrections like this can be achieved in double curves About 5% of the patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) do not correct well although the bracing standard does not allow huge variations. In these cases a functional tethering of the spinal cord may be the reason. This has been described in a paper by Weiss et al.. But also without a large in brace correction in most patients from this population progression can be prevented. A paper on MRI shows the subtle signs of functional tethering, which may be treated by special exercises and extra corporal shock wave therapy (ECSWT). We are proud to see more and more professionals are using this successful approach all over the world..... Fig. 20. Sufficient in-brace correction in a single thoracolumbar curve treated with a GBW in Thessaloniki, Greece. Fig. 21 In uncomplicated single curve pattern scoliosis with a GBW sometimes an overcorrection can be achieved which will lead to a beneficial outcome. (with kind permission of Nicos Tournavitis, Thessaloniki, Greece) In a recent paper it has been shown that the GBW maybe beneficial also to patients with curves exceeding 40°. The members of our growing international team will be happy to serve you with the best possible bracing technology as available today....... More informations for patients can be found here and more information for professionals are available here.ایرانیها روزانه یکساعت در شبکههای اجتماعی هستند
به گزارش فاوانیوز به نقل از مهر، به نقل از مرکز آمار ایران، در سال ١٣٩۶، ۵٣ درصد از افراد ١۵ ساله و بیشتر عضو شبکههای اجتماعی بودند.
از بین شبکه های اجتماعی، تلگرام با ٩۴.۵ درصد و پس از آن اینستاگرام با ۴٣.١ درصد بیشترین عضویت را داشته اند.
هر فرد ١۵ ساله و بیشتر به طور متوسط یک ساعت و ۴ دقیقه در روز در شبکه های اجتماعی حضور داشته است.Reuters haber ajansınında servis ettiği iddialar Lübnan merkezli Al Akhbar gazetesine ait.
Al Akhbar, Hariri'nin geçen hafta Riyad'a düzenlediği ziyaretin ardından Suudi yönetimi tarafından saatlerce ev hapsinde tutulduğunu yazdı.
Lübnan basınında Saad Hariri'nin Suudi Arabistan'da kısa bir süre için gözaltına alındığına yönelik çok sayıda haber yapıldı.
Hariri'nin Suudi Arabistan Kralı Selman ile fotoğraflarının Suudi ajansı tarafından servis edilmesine rağmen söylentiler dinmedi.Students developing problem-solving skills at Camp Invention
Thirty-five students in grades three through six are spending four days this week at Camp Invention, a program offered at Thomas Hunter Middle School. They’re learning to use critical thinking skills and work as a team to solve problems.
Volunteer camp director Lesley Hunley, who is in charge of the gifted program for Mathews County Public Schools, said such a camp typically costs $215 per student, but all the campers this week are attending free, thanks to the support of the White Trust, Mathews Community Foundation, Dominion Virginia Power and the Treakle Foundation. Lunch and transportation are included.
The program provides pay for Hunley’s five-person staff, as well as three bus drivers and two cafeteria workers, but student Clay Moughon is working with Hunley as a volunteer.一、给毛病的劝告柴纳微观合算的策略方针决策
作为戈德曼洗劫铃声亚太区常务董事，胡祖六在美国加图温存考虑生2007年11月第25届钱币策略年会筹集“柴纳把绝大分岔的钱币贮存放在钱上是绝适合逻辑的。同时，但，我不以为柴纳的微观合算的先前成功拐点。。乍通胀率正攀登。。柴纳资产价钱妄想的风险也在举起。。如此紧缩的微观合算的策略。，包含增进钱币利率、增进存款具有或保持率，除此之外，还必要与笔直的的将存入岸搭档。。 ”
除了，不言而喻的行动是在2007年2月，美国次级抵押证实学分危险先前开端呈现。，在7、很成绩在八月变成越来越极要紧的。，除英国外的欧洲乡下和美国中央岸也入伙数无数的钱。，在如此的微观合算的形势下，胡祖六果然视域要将钱贮存作为柴纳的首要钱币贮存，并筹集柴纳仍应执行紧缩的微观策略。，在非常，它给毛病的劝告了内阁对合算的位置的判别。，央行不断增进钱币利率，增进钱币利率，上个，它给柴纳的微观合算的形成了巨万的输掉。。
胡祖六作出是你这么说的嘛！意见结果是属于经常地的审判不公温柔的有意给毛病的劝告，上面的合算的气象将有助于阐明实际。：2005年以后，美国10年期和2年期库存公司债退位差别较大，产额曲线板逐渐精力使坚定。。12月27日，2年期库存公司债退位超越10年期库存公司债退位，有独一类型的进项激增。。2006个月1-2个月，在2年至10年间，退位再次呈现。，这一气象已导致很多的化验员的极详细地。，因反演曲线板显示摆脱。，远程联系出资者情愿接纳更低的钱币利率。，因他们以为合算的会速度减慢了。，钱币利率将会更低。。自上世纪80年头以后，美国3大衰退前，有独一反向进项曲线板使格式化。；而自1960年以后，前6个衰退阶段，产额曲线板有独一反向。。美国要紧合算的指标的失常表示，难道高盛铃声中缺勤独一温存考虑员缺勤注意到吗？如同哈佛大学合算的学博士的胡祖六难道缺勤关怀吗？以防这一领导录音还不克不及阐明成绩，当初的在2007年2月，呈现了次贷危险。，这时还不克不及导致胡祖六的失眠症吗？还能继续当播音员判决书宣布不负责任的议论吗？
全球合算的危险使爆炸，很多的合算的学家优于正告过。，比如，在2004年9月。，Krassimir，奥地利合算的教导合算的学家，盐酸盐 彼得罗夫在《GL》经历上宣布柴纳合算的衰退风险，它在当初导致了普及的的关怀和争议。，而预先证实，彼得罗夫的首要意见在2008说服证明。，除了，执意很哈佛大学合算的学博士胡祖六不去关怀严肃的合算的学家筹集的学术视角，有一种自在的心境批判一本名为钱币和平的盛行书。，是为了显示你的合算的程度温柔的别的？，假定正是他亲自才认识。。
柴纳钱币贮存在全球将存入岸中遭遇巨万输掉，除了，远在数年前，柴纳很多的合算的学家筹集了逐渐修剪贮存的必要性。，举起关键原料贮存和黄金贮存，这也变成柴纳内阁修剪的具体措施。，胡祖六竟然在2007残冬腊月还吵闹着说“柴纳把绝大分岔的钱币贮存放在钱上是绝适合逻辑的”，这仅仅在判别毛病随后解说吗？
二、铃声使加入继续给毛病的劝告辨析公告
2008年5月5日，戈德曼Sachs辨析师当播音员了这份公告。：“靠近6到24个月油价格外可能性升至每桶150-200钱。在公告宣布时，原油期貨价钱仅为120钱。，7月11日，国际原油期貨价钱创下新高。。当选，纽约业务作物物交换（NYMEX）8一个月的工夫轻质原油期貨价钱高尚的高涨至每桶钱的历史新高；伦敦ICE至将来作物物交换8月布伦特原油期貨高涨至H。
执意很胡祖六，在2008年7月接纳《柴纳合算的一星期一次》掩蔽时。：原油要求、术语、地缘战术学及伴奏物思索原理，国际原油价钱将继续高涨。，他还筹集高盛厕足其间“靠近6到24个月油价格外可能性升至每桶150-200钱”的预测从眼前风景并非触目惊心。
除了，行动并缺勤使失望。，去岁七月，原油价钱成功每桶147钱。，当初的一向被接受。，到2008年12月触感2004年终来最底点每桶32钱。
往年以后，油价拒付，现时每桶60钱。。戈德曼洗劫先前开端当播音员判决书唱空石油价钱。，5月初当播音员了一份温存考虑公告。，靠近两个月，美国原油期貨价钱将跌至45钱/桶。，除了，到5月底，美国原油期貨价钱已成功65钱/桶。，戈德曼唱空，唱更多的油价，显然，他们极大值化了个人的使加入。，但讨好如同柴纳人的胡祖六，布满为什么不思索柴纳的乡下使加入
三、用不正当手段获取柴纳计划的把持权
戈德曼Sachs的伙伴信2005年度公告，柴纳是市面上最共有权的市面。，在他们看来，柴纳有招引人的时机。。2006年1月，高盛以 亿元爱好与安联铃声和美国快递公司。，柴纳战术地图集的热潮；2006年5月，戈德曼洗劫避免伴奏物出资者，Shuanghui全面开展 股权（股权分置后潮解），这是戈德曼宁愿把持兼并。。
以西部矿业为例，西部矿业于2007年7月12日正式在A股市面挂牌上市。消受现钞彩金后，转到大额爱好,戈德曼洗劫铃声的每合理的合理的事钱仅为,依据发行价钱计算,戈德曼洗劫赢利近40倍，以防按T计算。,戈德曼Sachs的封锁偿还举起了一倍。。2009年1月13日，西部矿业公报，创始人伙伴戈德曼 Sachs Strategic Investments （特拉华） .(高盛铃声全资界分分店)于2008年8月7日至2009年1月9日，甩卖7804万股，占总合理的合理的事。依据买卖持久的自有资本价钱计算，戈德曼在二级市面上的现钞反正是1亿钱。，无数的元，均匀现钞无数的。
除了，在导致正西矿业权利的议事程序中，充溢了疑惑。，当选独一成绩是,特拉华于2006年7月24日在特拉华创建。,却在合法存续前4天即2006年7月20日与向东方的工商业公司签字股权让一致。 这两个成绩是戈德曼洗劫离酒吧不到岁的工夫。,收买正西矿业自有资本的本钱太低了。,在恒等的时间清晰地在下面合理的价钱。，海外封锁货币兑换商以为,向东方的工商业公司在戈德曼洗劫的低爱好是自告奋勇的。,可能性是因缺少对公司靠近的宗教。。但正西矿业的说起来的一点也没有伴奏这种视角。。2004年至2006年9月,正西矿业先前分派了5亿元现钞。,私募股权封锁伙伴的股权封锁进项决不,除此之外，该公司的上市整理是定期地的。,上市后，股权封锁将全部给人印象深刻的。,缺勤出资者会在很时分以很价钱销路。。
讨好胡祖六，方法解说高盛铃声劣质的增加股权正式变成西部矿业的外资伙伴？胡祖六结果是合算的学博士温柔的公关学博士？
及格眼前，戈德曼Sachs系一向是雏形。，旗下股票上市的公司A股部件有双汇开展（000895）、西部矿业；H股部件包含工商岸。、柴纳井的 （）、中芯国际（）、柴纳网通（）、雨润食品（）、蒙古活力（）。戈德曼洗劫也在成就增加可鄙的的光线。、美国电器等爱好，因证监会缺勤恢复。，戈德曼的如意算盘使失望了。。
外资在柴纳的赢利是无可厚非的。，除了，戈德曼洗劫及格封锁正西矿业增加了铸币赢利。，这对国际出资者是绝不合理的的。。现时柴纳的资本市面正逐渐使完备。，如同柴纳人的胡祖六缺勤让柴纳老百姓更多地分享到柴纳计划生长的效果，相反，它为外资计划安抚了柴纳计划的使
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miliardi di bambini contro la polio in 122 Paesi. 122 Paesi. Con soli 0,60 dollari, un bambino può essere protetto a vita contro questa malattia invalidante per tutta la vita. Grazie a questa vasta campagna, nel 2012 l'India è stata dichiarata libera dalla polio nel 2012. Attualmente, la poliomielite rimane attiva solo in 2 paesi, il Pakistan e l'Afghanistan.
Per ulteriori informazioni sul RC Estoi Palace International contattare [email protected], www.rotaryestoipalace.org e per le Attività Bike Rides https://www.facebook.com/activityalgarvebikerides/.
Corsa ciclistica annuale di beneficenza End Polio Now
Inviaci i tuoi commenti o opinioni su questo articolo.یکی از بهترین رستوران های تهرانه که کلی ساندویچ و پیتزای ایتالیایی توی منوش داره. غذای با کیفیت، سرویس دهی عالی و پرسنل مودب و حرفه ای از مزیت های آتوریناس. ضمن اینکه منوی کافی شاپ هم داره.
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خیلی خوش برخوردن، همه چی عالی و خوبDALLAS, Oct. 3 – A little known clotting protein called fibrinogen may be the missing link between heart disease risk factors, such as smoking and high cholesterol, and heart attacks, according to a study in today’s Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
Fibrinogen, a protein produced in the liver, has a pivotal role in the formation of blood clots. A number of factors -– particularly cigarette smoking – increase fibrinogen levels. Higher levels are also seen with advancing age, obesity, physical inactivity and diabetes. Elevated cholesterol is also associated with high fibrinogen, and genetic factors play a role as well.
When subjects in a prior study were divided into three groups, participants with the highest fibrinogen levels were shown to have a 2.3-fold greater risk of coronary disease and heart attack than those in the lowest third.
Here, researchers used a newly developed test called FIF (Functional Intact Fibrinogen) to check fibrinogen levels in 2,632 participants in the Framingham Offspring Study – a continuation of the famed Framingham Heart Study begun more than 50 years ago.
“We not only found fibrinogen levels to be higher in people with heart disease but it also seems to be a common pathway by which other risk factors cause heart disease,” says one of the study’s authors Geoffrey H. Tofler, M.D. a former associate professor at Harvard Medical School, now a professor of cardiology at Royal North Shore Hospital in Sydney, Australia.
Tofler and other scientists at Harvard Medical School and Boston University also measured fibrinogen using an older procedure known as the Clauss Method, in which fibrinogen in a blood sample is converted to fibrin, then timed to determine how long it takes a clot to form. The FIF test, by contrast, uses an antibody, which produces a specific reaction from fibrinogen. This new method may be more adaptable for measuring fibrinogen levels in large populations.
“While our study doesn’t necessarily prove that fibrinogen should be tested routinely as part of a standard physical examination, it does support the argument that measuring fibrinogen provides useful information for assessing an individual patient’s risk,” says Tofler.
“If I’m uncertain about what level of therapy a patient requires -– whether someone should be given a cholesterol-lowering drug, for example – finding high fibrinogen would tend to make me take a more aggressive approach in treatment,” he adds. “Conversely, finding low or normal fibrinogen would reassure me.”
Tofler emphasizes that it’s important for the public to know that the dangers represented by high fibrinogen levels can be reduced in many cases by quitting smoking, losing weight, becoming more physically active and lowering cholesterol through dietary changes and/or medication.
This work was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health and American Biogenetic Sciences.
Co-authors are James J. Stec, B.S.; Halit Silbershatz, Ph.D.; Travis H. Matheney, MLA; Patrice Sutherland, B.S.; Izabela Lipinska, Ph.D.; Joseph M. Massaro, Ph.D.; Peter F. W. Wilson, M.D.; James E. Muller, M.D.; and Ralph B. D’Agostino, Sr., Ph.D.
Materials provided by American Heart Association. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
Cite This Page:A particular sculpture displayed in a particular place reflects a special meaning of the place. People remember and honor important events happened in the area in the past, making a statue or monument in the area. The sculpture made by renowned artists would enhance the international reputation of the area, increasing the number of foreign visitors to Seoul.
1 Imagination, Giant World , sculpted in 2006, is placed in a barrier- free playground of Seoul Forest. The sculpture is like the pillar of hope, protecting children in the place with an openmind and imagination.
2 The sculpture named Spring , widely known as a top shell, is located in Cheonggyecheon.
3 Trillion Tower is a sculpture erected in remembrance of an achievement of one trillion dollars in trade. Korea’s history of export is written on the tower.
4 Through an oval shaped configuration, Coexistence , sculpted in 2007 in front of Deokso station, represents the meaning of the coexistence among humans in the world in which an individualism is rampant.
5 Hammering man , located in front of Hungkuk Life Insurance building, is a kinetic art that shows the dignity of labor. The sculpture is the seventh Hammering Man made by Jonathan Borofsky.
6 Big Blue , situated in Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Corporation, symbolizes the company holding a dominant position that aims to create a blue ocean.
7 A warhorse sculpture in the entrance of Seoul Forest, a commemorative spot of the race track, shows vivid images of horses in full gallop.However, few volatiles
may have actually been lost because the velocity needed to escape the Earth's gravity is quite high," said Canup.
At 24 hours, there was a 49% loss of volatiles
from pure chocolate, a 68% loss from sweet chocolate, and an 82% loss of the compounds from milk chocolate.
But a pot with a young tomato plant, and even a cup of perfume made of tomato volatiles
, did attract the seedlings (see movie at www.
Molten aluminum is much more volatile
than molten steel, so some contaminants do more than spoil the chemistry.
This is so although Indonesia is a large agricultural country which is known as one of the world's leading producer of volatile
Vacuum venting is used on many sheet extruders to draw off residual monomers, other volatile
organic compounds, and moisture.
test is one of the most difficult tests to perform in a sand lab because it depends on time, temperature and sample weight.
The measurement of volatiles
in fish is not common, even though volatiles
are a pervasive pollutant in rivers and other water bodies," said James Mueller, president of CEP.
Pheromones and the influence of volatiles
Their research provides further insight into the volatiles
and flavors that can occur in SMP during aging.
Not only do the volatiles
in botanical scents attract pollinators and delight the human nose, he notes, but they also serve to protect plants from pathogens and pests.
Following the Preface, Contents are: Section 1 - Flavour of Biological Origin including: Role of Diet and Environment in the Natural Flavours of Seafoods; Volatile
Acids and Nitrogen in Prawn Powder; Screening for and Control of Debittering Properties of Cheese Cultures; Co-oxidation of Caratenoids by Lipoxygenase in Tomatoes; Composition of Volatile
Constituents in Tarragon at Different Vegetative Periods; Biochemical Pathways for the Formation of Esters in Ripening Fruit; Volatile
Components of Spoiled Dry-Cured Hams; Analysis of Volatiles
of Kecap Manis (a typical Indonesian Soy Sauce); New Flavour Compounds of Cucumis melo L.گادتب: به گزارش مرکز خبر گادتب، خبرگزاری تسنیم وابسته به سپاه، بدون در نظر گرفتن اقدامات بهداشتی و پیشگیرانه ترکیه از همان آغاز شیوع ویروس کرونا در دنیا و کشورهای همسایه، دولت ترکیه را به دروغگویی درباره شیوع ویروس کرونا متهم کرد.
در ادامه، این خبرگزاری معاند وضعیت اقتصادی ترکیه را وخیم نشان داده و عامل آن را حضور نظامی در سوریه گفته است.
گفتنی است همین مزدوران نیروی تروریستی قدس سپاه ایران، به خاطر حضور نظامی ترکیه در سوریه بسیار متضرر گشته و در مقابل نیروهای نظامی ترکیه شکست سنگینی را متحمل گردیدند.
شایان ذکر است در شرایط بحرانی جغرافیای ایران، ترکیه هم از لحاظ مادی و هم از لحاظ معنوی در کنار ایران بوده و پس از گسترش ویروس کرونا در ایران، ترکیه اولین کشوری بود که تجهیزات پزشکی و بهداشتی را به ایران ارسال کرد.Download now Free registration required
Partitioning of geo-spatial data for efficient allocation of resources such as schools and emergency health care services is driven by a need to provide better and more effective services. Partitioning of spatial data is a complex process that depends on numerous factors such as population, costs incurred in deploying or utilizing resources and target capacity of a resource. Moreover, complex data such as population distributions are dynamic i.e. they may change over time. Simple animation may not effectively show temporal changes in spatial data. The paper proposes the use of three temporal visualization techniques - wedges, rings and time slices - to display the nature of change in temporal data in a single view.
- Format: PDF
- Size: 5036.2 KB【基本案情】
2019年6月至2019年11月17日期间，被告人王某民、杭某某、王某林租用位于东台市弶港农场的废旧厂房，违反国家规定从事酸洗活动。三人约定投资均摊、盈利平分。被告人王某民负责管理，被告人杭某某负责联系货源、安排驾驶员、招录酸洗工，被告人王某林负责技术指导、对外协调等。王某民等人雇佣被告人缪某某负责配酸，雇佣被告人丁某某等通过渗井、直排方式排放酸洗产生的废酸、废水，雇佣被告人马某某参与酸洗并排放冲洗钢材产生的废水，王某民等人在此期间通过渗井、直排方式共排放盐酸废液231.3吨、硝酸废液371吨、硫酸废液238吨，排放冲洗钢材后产生的废水163吨。2019年11月，被告人王某林租用林某某位于东台市渔舍农场的养猪场，违反国家规定酸洗钢材，2019年11月6日至2019年11月16日期间共排放硫酸废液至少64吨。经鉴定，上述废酸废液属于危险废物，被告人王某民等人非法排放废酸废液的行为造成了环境污染。
【裁判结果】
东台市人民法院审理认为，被告人王某民、杭某某、王某林、丁某某、缪某某、马某某违反国家规定，排放危险废物及污染物，严重污染环境。其中，被告人王某民、杭某某、王某林、丁某某、缪某某的行为造成的后果特别严重。各被告人的行为均构成污染环境罪。判决：被告人王某民犯污染环境罪，判处有期徒刑三年八个月，并处罚金人民币十万元；被告人杭某某犯污染环境罪，判处有期徒刑三年四个月，并处罚金人民币八万元；被告人王某林犯污染环境罪，判处有期徒刑二年十个月，并处罚金人民币八万元；被告人丁某某犯污染环境罪，判处有期徒刑一年六个月，并处罚金人民币三万元；被告人缪某某犯污染环境罪，判处有期徒刑一年三个月，并处罚金人民币二万元；被告人马某某犯污染环境罪，判处有期徒刑六个月，并处罚金人民币一万元。被告人杭某某退出的违法所得人民币2万元，被告人王某林退出的违法所得人民币2万元，予以没收，上缴国库。继续追缴被告人王某民的违法所得人民币3万元、被告人杭某某的违法所得人民币1千元、被告人王某林的违法所得人民币1千元，上缴国库。一审宣判后，被告人未上诉。
【典型意义】
本案系违规酸洗并排放废酸废液引发的环境污染案件，其典型意义在于：该判决彰显了人民法院以最严密制度、最严格法治打击污染环境犯罪、护航绿水青山的决心和态度，积极回应社会公众对优质环境、美好生活的期待和向往。废酸废液作为一种危险废物，具有腐蚀性、危险性等特性，非法处置排放废酸会对土壤、水源以及相关生物造成不可逆转的损害，严重威胁到生态环境安全。被告人无视法律无视生态环境安全，在经济利益的驱动下违规酸洗，并通过渗井、直排方式排放废酸废水，造成环境严重污染，后果特别严重。本案不仅对被告人判处有期徒刑的实刑，而且并罚数额较大的罚金，提高污染环境犯罪的违法成本，让违法者付出沉重代价，以达到斩断违规酸洗产业链条、震慑潜在污染者的警示作用。金融机构借款合同应当采用书面形式。没有采取书面形式，当事人双方就该合同的存在产生争议的，视为合同关系不成立。如果双方没有争议或者一方当事人已经履行主要义务，对方接受的，合同仍然成立。在要式性上，该合同也与自然人间的借款合同不同，对于自然人间的借款合同，当事人可以约定不采用书面形式。(《合同法》第197条。)
金融机构借款合同的效力系指生效金融机构借款合同所具有的法律约束力，主要体现为合同双方当事人的权利和义务。
金融机构借款合同是指办理贷款业务的金融机构作为贷款人一方，向借款人提供贷款，借款人到期返还借款并支付利息的合同。这种合同又被称为信贷合同或贷款合同。金融机构借款合同作为借款合同的一种，具有如下特征：
8、其他。借款合同的当事人还可以在以上七项内容外，对其他需要约定的内容做出约定。
在我国大陆，一般认为，借款合同属于消费借贷合同之一种，是以金钱为标的物的消费借贷合同。但也有人将出借人为国家专业银行、金融机构的借贷专列为信贷合同，不包括在借贷合同之内。(郑立、王作堂主编《民法学》第349页。)
5、利率。是指一定时期内利息的数额与本金的比率，可以分为基准利率、法定利率、浮动利率、优惠利率、差别利率、加息、贴息借贷利率。《合同法》第204条规定：“办理贷款业务的金融机构贷款的利率，应当按照中国人民银行规定的贷款利率的上下限确定。” 最高人民法院《关于贯彻执行 中华人民共和国民法通则 若干问题的意见(试行)》第122条规定：“公民之间的生产经营性借贷的利率，可以适当高于生活性借贷利率。如因利率发生纠纷，应本着保护合法借贷关系，考虑当地实际情况，有利于生产和稳定经济秩序的原则处理。” 1991年最高人民法院公布的《关于人民法院审理借贷案件的若干问题》中对民间借贷的问题作出了规定，明确民间借贷可以适当高于银行的利率，各地人民法院可根据本地区的实际情况具体掌握，但最高不得超过银行同类贷款利率的四倍(包含利率本数)。
第三、无偿借款合同的要物性和赠与合同的诺成性，立法上对于两者之间采取“区别论”的态度是非常不明智的。两种合同都是无偿的，都是财产的给予，都要涉及权利归属的改变(不过，对于赠与而言，权属改变是合同目的，对借款而言，权属改变只是手段)。两种合同的差别在于：财产是永久地给予而无需再返还(赠与)，还是一时性地给予，嗣后仍需要偿还(借款)；财产利益是否限于一定数额金钱的利用；法律关系是否是继续性的。如果单单从无偿的角度来看，无偿借款合同甚至可以被看作是赠与合同的特殊形态。赠与合同中，赠与人的利益保护也导向“悔约权”，但在赠与人“悔约权”的安排上，合同法并没有像自然人的借款合同那样，通过要物性要件而使之趋于一般化，而是通过任意撤回权(合同法186条)、特别撤销权(第192条、193条)以及抗辩权(第195条)等规定，做出了具体的安排。相形之下，赠与合同的有关规定不仅昭示着“反悔权”不以“要物性要件”为唯一的表达方式，而且在“反悔权”安排方面，为建立自然人间无偿借款合同与无偿性的赠与合同的“统一论”开辟了道路。如果反悔权的设计从“区别论”转向“同一论”，随之而来的是，整个借款合同的成立方面都可以统一以“诺成契约说”为基础。换言之，以金融机构为一方的借款合同与自然人间的借款合同两者之间的“区别论”将被“同一论”取代，这肯定也为自然人间有偿借款合同所欢迎。
不过，该立法定义并不完善。一方面，关于借款合同，可以是支付利息的，也可以是不支付利息的，而该定义仅就支付利息一种立言，因此是不全面的。另一方面，该定义并没有充分注意到语言变体问题。单纯从字面意义上来讲，“借”
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mete dayanan ilkelerini istediği biçimde değiştirdi. Hatta Hıristiyan azizlerinin katlettirdiği binlerce kadının acıklı öyküleri tarihte yazılıdır.
İlk âyetinden itibaren dünyada yeni bir çığır açan, dünyaya kurtuluş yollarını gösteren İslâm, o zamana kadar kadınlara verilmeyen haklar getirmiş, kadını özgürlüğüne kavuşturmuştur. İslâm'a göre kadın erkeğinin eşi, yardımcısı ve danışmanı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ona, aile içerisinde söz hakkı tanınmış ve birtakım görevlerle yükümlü kılınmıştır. Hz. Muhammed (S.A.S.): "Kadın da kocasının evinde bir çobandır ve yönetimi altında olanlardan sorumludur" buyurmuş, onun aile içinde söz sahibi olduğunu cihana ilan etmiştir.
İslâm'da kadına işkence etmek, onu horlamak, küçük görmek, mal varlığına tecavüz etmek yoktur. Kadına aile içinde ve toplumda saygı esastır. Peygamberimiz: "En hayırlınız kadınlarına karşı en iyi davrananınızdır" buyuruyorlar.
İslâm esaslarına göre kadın da erkek gibi inanç, amel ve ahlâk hükümleriyle yükümlüdür. İyilik ve doğruluk üzere davranmada, kötülüklerden sakınmada aynen erkek gibidir.
Kadın hukuk açısından ve haklarını kullanması bakımından o zamana kadar dünyanın hiçbir yerinde rastlanmayan ve hiçbir dinde görülmeyen geniş yetkilere kavuşmuştur. Şöyle ki:
"İslâmda kadın malı, nefsi ve zimmeti üzerine istediği gibi tasarruf hakkına maliktir. Kimsenin iznine ve hakimin müdahalesine ihtiyacı yoktur. Evlenme, alım-satım, kiraya verip alma, bağış yapma, kefil alma, ödünç para verme, şirket kurma, vekalet, sulh ve ibra, dava ve ikrar gibi bilcümle hususlarda erkek gibidir. Erkek gibi gayrimeşru fiil ve hareketlerinden mal ve vicdan bakımından sorumludur".
Tanıklık ve diyet gibi bir kaç mesele de erkekle eşit tutulmamıştır. Ancak bu insan hakları bakımından değil, kadınların özelliklerinden ötürüdür.
İslâm kadınlara siyasal tercihlerini kullanma hakkını da tanımıştır. Hz. Peygamber kadınların oylarını kabul etmiştir.
İslâm tarihinde hadis, fıkıh, tarih, siyaset ve tıp gibi bilim dallarında yetişmiş pek çok ünlü kadın vardır.
Mesela Hz. Peygamberimizin muhterem eşi Hz. Aişe Kuran, hadis, edebiyat ve tarih ilminde kaynak kabul edilen bir bilgin hanımdır. Ayrıca fetva veren meselelerin hukuki hükmünü bildiren 7 büyük sahabiden biri olarak kabul edilir.
Üçüncü Abbasi Halifesi Mehdi'nin kızı Hayzüran, siyasal bilimlerde ünlüdür. Yine Hicri 5. asrın bilgin hanımlarından ŞEHDE, Bağdat Camii'nde devrin en büyük edip ve bilginlerine tarih ve edebiyat konferansları vermiştir. İslâm tarihinde böyle daha pek çok bilgin hanımefendiler vardır.
Dünyanın her yerinde insan haklarının çiğnendiği, insan ve kadın ticaretinin yapıldığı, kadına hiçbir hakkın tanınmadığı, her türlü zulüm ve hareketin reva görüldüğü, bir meta gibi elden ele satıldığı, hatta uzun süre "Kadının ruhu var mıdır, yok mudur?" diye tartışmasının yapıldığı bir çağda, İslâm'ın ve sevgili Peygamberimizin kadın haklarına karşı gösterdiği titizlik, hiç şüphesiz yüce dinimiz İslâm'ın getirdiği yeniliklerdir. Tarih budur, gerçek budur.
1789 Fransız Büyük îhtilali'nin, kan akıtarak yazdığı "Hukuku Beşer Beyannamesi" ve ondan çok yıllar sonra, Birleşmiş Milletlerin "İnsan Hakları Beyannamesinden", insanlığın çok uzak olduğu bir dönemde ta 15 asır önce, İslâm'ın kadına tanıdığı haklar hiç de küçümsenecek ölçüde değildir.
İslâm'da kadına saygı bir anlamda Peygamberin buyruklarına saygıdır. Çünkü kadın varlığımızın devamlılığının kaynağıdır.
Sevgili Peygamberimiz Veda hutbesinde:
"Ey insanlar! Sizin kadınlarınız üzerinde birtakım haklarınız vardır. Onlar sizin haklarınıza riayet etmelidirler.Onların da sizin üzerinizde hakları vardır. Onlara karşı iyi davranınız. Eşlerinize şefkatle muamele edin. Siz onları Allah'ın ahdi ile aldınız. Onlar size Allah'ın ahdi ile helâl olmuştur" buyurmuşlardır.
İslâm kadını bu şekilde değerlendirmesine rağmen, maalesef bazı cahil kişilerin gözünde o, hâlâ "saçı uzun, aklı kısa" kabul edilerek ezilmeye, horlanmaya mahkûm bir varlık gibi muamele görmektedir.
Ancak kadın hakkında söylenen bir sürü hurafenin mevcudiyeti de bir gerçektir. İşte kız, kadın ve gelinler hakkında söylenen hurafelerden bazı örnekler.
—Evden çıkan erkek işine giderken önünü kadın keserse işi ters gider.
—Kısa boylu kadın uğursuzdur.
—Hayızlı (aybaşılı) kadın sebze bahçesinden geçerse sebzeleri kurutur.
—Hayızlı kadın akşam ezanından sonra küpten turşu çıkarırsa turşu bozulur.
—Gelin eve ilk geldiğinde kaynanasının iki bacağı arasından içeri girerse saygılı olur.
—Bir kız akşam ezanı okunurken merdiven altından geçerse kısır kalır.
—Cuma günü ezan okuyan müezzine kızın başörtüsü veya mendili sallattırılırsa nasibi çıkar.
—Çocuğu yaşamayan bir kadın bir yatıra "Bunu sana sattım" der ve kurban kestirir. Çocuk dünyaya gelince eğer kız ise adını satı, oğlan olursa Satılmış koyar. Aksi halde çocuğu yaşamaz.
—Çocuğu ölen kadın Cuma günü iş yapmaz.
—Gelin olanın duvağı evde kalmış kızın başında çözülürse bahtı açılır.
—Evde kilitlenen kilit, bayram sabahı veya Cuma günü, namazdan önce imam tarafından camide açılırsa kızın bahtı açılır.
—Çocuğu yaşamayan kadın yeniden doğum yaptığında 40 evden topladığı parçalarla gömlek dikip çocuğuna giydirirse çocuğu yaşar ve ömrü uzun olur.
—Aş yeren bir kadın çirkin bir yere bakarsa çocuğu çirkin olur.
—Doğum yapan kadın yedigün çocuğunun yanından dışarı çıkmaz. Çıkarsa cinniler gelir çocuğu götürür. Başka bir çocukla değiştirir.
—Doğuran kadının (lohusanın) bulunduğu yere süpürge, Kur'ân, soğan, sanmsak aşılırsa "alkansı" lohusa ve çocuğa zarar vermez.
—Lohusa kadının ve çocuğun yastığı altına iğne, çuvaldız, kama, bıçak konursa albasmaz.
—Bir hamile kadın ölü yıkanırken suyundan atlarsa çocuğu baygın doğar (Kıbrıs).
—Evli birinin yüzüğünü bekar kız takarsa kısmeti kesilir (Kıbrıs Halk İnanışları).
—Bekar kız, evli birinin gelinliğini giyerse kısmeti kesilir (Kıbrıs).
—Hamileyken yumurta yiyen kadının çocuğu haylaz olur (Kıbrıs).
—Hamileyken anında anahtar açanın doğumu kolay olur (Kıbrıs
Kurân'la Fal Bakmak
İnmemiştir hele Kur'an, bunu hakkıyla bilin;
Ne mezarlıkta okunmak, ne de fal bakmak için,"
Şair Mehmet Akif Ersoy'un beytinde dediği gibi, Kur'an-ı Kerim fal bakmak için de indirilmemiştir. Fal bakmak âdeti hakkında Kadı Ebubekir İbnül-Arabî Ahkâmı'nda der ki: "Mushafla fal bakmak, helâl değildir." ve işin doğrusu da budur. Bu hususta fazla nakil ve kavil göstermeye lüzum yoktur. Kur'an'la fal bakmak, tefe'ül etmek nasıl olmuş da âdet olmuş, insan buna hayret ediyor.
Kurşun Dökmek
Halkımız arasında "göz değmesi, göze gelme" diye adlandırılan bir "NAZAR" inancı vardır. Nazar isabet eden kimsenin kendisine, malına veya eşyasına bir zarar geleceğine inanılır. Bu nedenle nazarın isabetinden ve etkisinden korunmak üzere bazı tedbirlere başvurulmaktadır. Bunlar korunma ve kurtulma tedbirleri olmak üzere iki kısma ayrılır.
Korunma tedbirleri olarak çocuklara, at, dana, inek, vb. hayvanlara, ev, dükkan, otomobil gibi eşyaya nazar boncuğu, at nalı, üzerlik otundan yapılan kolyeler takılmakta bazı yörelerimizde de özellikle çocuklara kurt, ayı, kartal, leylek gibi hayvanların diş, tırnak ve kemiklerinden yapılan nazarlıklar takılmaktadır. Böylece nazarın isabetinden korunulacağına inanılmaktadır. Ayrıca nazar muskalarının da kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Nazar isabetinden kurtulmak için ise, kurşun veya mum döktürülmekte, nefesi keskin (izinli denilen) hocalara okutulmaktadır.Bazı yörelerimizde de "tuz çatılmakta", "un yakılmakta" , "üzerlik otu" yakılarak dumanı ile tütsülenilmektedir.
En yaygın olan uygulama kurşun veya mum dökme adetidir. Bu iş şöyle yapılmaktadır:
Nazar isabet eden hasta (genellikle çocuklar), kurşun dökücüsünün önüne oturtulur. Başı bir örtü ile kapanır. Çocuğun başı üzerinde tutulan ve içinde su bulunan kaba, ocakta eritilen kurşun dökülür. Kurşun döküldükten sonra oradakiler hep beraber;
"Kem göz çatlasın
Nazar eden patlasın"
diye beddua ederler. Bazı yerlerde de yaygın olarak nazarlıkotu yakılır. Dumanı ile hasta tütsülenir. Bu esnada çabuk çabuk,
"Üzerliksin havasın
Her dertlere devasın
Ak göz, kara göz,
Mavi göz, ela göz
Hangisi nazar etmişse
Onların nazarını boz"
denilmektedir. Şu tekerleme de söylenilmektedir:
"Elemtere fiş
Kem gözlere şiş
Üzerlik çatlasın
Nazar eden patlasın".
Bu konuda şunu ifade etmek isterim ki, nazardan korunmak veya kurtulmak için çeşitli nazar boncukları, diş, kemik, tırnak ve üzerlik otu gibi nesneleri takmak dinimiz açısından doğru değildir. Çünkü İslâmda fayda ve zarar Allah'ın takdiriyle tecelli eder. Bundan ayrılıp birtakım nesnelerden medet ummak yanlıştır, hurafedir. Zira Sevgili Peygamberimiz Hz. Muhammed (S.A.S), nazar boncuğu gibi birtakım nesneleri takarak, hastalıktan kurtulmaya irikad etmeyi men etmişlerdir.
Allah Elçisi şöyle buyuruyor:
"Efsun yapmak, nazar boncuğu takmak, kadınların kocalarına kendilerini sevdirmek için sihir yapmak, ŞİRK (Allah'a ortak koşmak)tır".
Ancak bir hususa değinmekte yarar görüyorum. Çünkü halkımız "nazar var mıdır, varsa İslâm'ın Bakış açışı nedir?" diye çok soru sormaktadır.
Bu konuda Peygamberimiz şöyle buyuruyorlar: "Nazar haktır (gerçektir)."
"Nazar insanı mezara, deveyi kazana koyar" Öyleyse "İsabet-i ayn" denilen nazar vardır ve gerçektir. Peki mahiyeti ve İslâm'a göre korunma çaresi nedir? Bunu en yetkili merci olan Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu'nun, konuya ilişkin sorulan bir soruya verdiği cevaptan öğrenelim.
"Mahiyeti ve nasıl olduğu kesin olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, nazar veya göz değmesi, yani bazı kimselerin bakışları ile bazı olumsuz etkilerin meydana gelmesi dinen de kabul edilmektedir. Nitekim Kuran-ı Kerim'de (Kalem Sûresi, Ayet: 51-52)
"... İnkar edenler Kurân'ı dinlediklerinde, neredeyse seni gözleriyle yıkıp devireceklerdi" buyrulmaktadır.
Hz. Aişe (R.A.)'nin naklettiği bir hadis-i şerifte de Hz. Peygamber (S.A.S) "Nazardan Allah'a sığının, çünkü nazar (göz değmesi) haktır." (İbn Mâce, 2/1159 Hadis No: 3508) buyurmuştur.
Resulullah (S.A.V)'ın nazar değmesine karşı, "Ayetü'l Kürsi" ile ihlâs ve Muavvizeteyn (yani Felak ve Nas) Sûrelerini okuduğu ashabına da bunları okumalarını tavsiye buyurduğu (Tecrid tercemesi, 12/90, Hadis No: 3508) buyurmuştur.
İslâm bilginleri, nazarın etkisinden korunmak veya nazar isabet etmiş ise kurtulmak için Kalem Sûresinin 51. ve 52. âyetlerinin okunmasını da tavsiye etmişlerdir.
"Büyük velilerden Hasan Basri Hazretleri, nazara karşı Kalem Sûresi'nin 51. ve 52. âyetlerini okur ve nazardan etkilenen kimselere de okunmasını tavsiye ederdi"
Bu âyetlerle ilgili olarak "Esrar-ı Muhammediye" adlı eserde şöyle denilmiştir:
"Bu âyet-i kerime (Kalem Sûresi 51. ve 52. âyetleri) de nazarın def'i içindir. İster yazmak suretiyle taşınsın, ister o âyetin okunduğu okunmuş suyla yıkanılsın veya o âyetin okunduğu sudan içilsin hep aynıdır. Nazarın etkisinden korunmak için tavsiye edilmiştir.
Kalem Sûresinde adı geçen âyetlerin okunuşu:
"Ve in yekâdülleziyne keferû leyüzlikûneke biebsâ-rihim lemmâ semiu'z-zikre veyekûlûne innehü le-mecnun. Ve mâ hüve illâ zikrun li'l âlemin."
Âyetlerin anlamı: "Hakikat, o küfredenler zikri (Kur'ân 'ı) işittikleri zaman az kalsın seni gözleriyle yıkacaklardı. Halbuki O (Kurân) âlemler için (ins-ü cin için)(mahzı) şereften (öğütten) başka bir şey değildir" (Kalem Sûresi, âyet: 51, 52).
İnsan hoşuna giden bir şeye bakarken nazarı değmemesi için "Maaşâallah, La kuvvete illâ billah" demelidir. Bu Peygamber Efendimiz'in okuduğu bir duadır.
"Nazar değmemesi için çocuklara nazarlık veya boncuk takılması ise cahiliyet devri âdetlerindendir. (Yani batıl âdettir). Bu itibarla hiçbir faydası olmadığı gibi, dinen de caiz değildir.
Hastalanan kimselere Cenâb-ı Hak'tan şifa umarak, Kurân-ı Kerim ve şifa ile ilgili dualar okumak caizdir. Halkı kandırmak, başkalarına zarar vermek, gaibten haber vermek, falcılık ve sihir yapmak... gibi işler ise dinen haramdır. Bu tür maksatlar için üfürükçülük yapmak dinen caiz olmadığı gibi, kanunen de suçtur. Bu itibarla, sihirbazlık ve sihirle ilgili üfürükçülüğü meslek ve sanat edinen ve böylece saf kimseleri kandırarak menfaat sağlayan kişilerin ilgili mercilere bildirilmesi gerekir"
Kuş Ötmesi, Hayvan Uluması
Halkımız arasında bazı kuşların ötmesi, bazı hayvanların uluması çeşitli şekillerde yorumlanmaktadır. Bunlardan kimisi uğur, kimisi uğursuzluk, kimisi de ölüm işareti olarak kabul edilmektedir. Oysa İslâm esaslarına göre bu tür inançların tümü batıldır. Hurafe inancıdır. Buna rağmen halkımızdan pek çok kişi bunlara inanır. Nitekim konuya ilişkin olarak bir araştırmacı şunları yazıyor.
"Halk inanmalarında ölümü önceden haber verdiği sanılan belirtiler arasında hayvanlarla ilgili olanlar büyük bir yer tutar. Hayvanların insanlarda bulunmayan kimi yetenekleri, sezişleri, biçimsel özellikleri, uğurlu ya da uğursuz sayılmaları bu türden
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are not fitting;
Romans 10:3 Ignorant of the righteousness which God provides and building their hopes upon a righteousness of their own, they have refused submission to God's righteousness.
2 Thessalonians 2:10 and with all deception of wickedness for those who are being lost, because they didn't receive the love of the truth, that they might be saved.
2 Thessalonians 2:12 in order that all may come under judgement who have refused to believe the truth and have taken pleasure in unrighteousness.
1 Timothy 4:4 For every creature of God is good, and nothing to be refused, if it be received with thanksgiving:
Hebrews 11:24 By faith, Moses, when he had grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter,
Hebrews 11:35 Women received back their dear ones alive from the dead; and others were put to death with torture, refusing the deliverance offered to them--that they might secure a better resurrection.
Hebrews 12:25 See that you don't refuse him who speaks. For if they didn't escape when they refused him who warned on the Earth, how much more will we not escape who turn away from him who warns from heaven,
1 John 5:10 He who believes in the Son of God has the testimony in his own heart: he who does not believe God has made Him a liar, in that he has refused to accept the testimony which God has given about His Son.
Revelation 13:15 And power was granted him to give breath to the statue of the Wild Beast, so that the statue of the Wild Beast could even speak and cause all who refuse to worship it to be put to death.
Revelation 16:9 and men were scorched with great heat, and they did speak evil of the name of God, who hath authority over these plagues, and they did not reform -- to give to Him glory.
Revelation 16:11 and they did speak evil of the God of the heaven, from their pains, and from their sores, and they did not reform from their works.
Genesis 37:35 All his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. He said, "For I will go down to Sheol to my son mourning." His father wept for him.
Genesis 39:8 But he refused, and said to his master's wife, "Behold, my master doesn't know what is with me in the house, and he has put all that he has into my hand.
Genesis 39:10 As she spoke to Joseph day by day, he didn't listen to her, to lie by her, or to be with her.
Genesis 48:19 His father refused, and said, "I know, my son, I know. He also will become a people, and he also will be great. However, his younger brother will be greater than he, and his seed will become a multitude of nations."
Exodus 4:23 and I have said to you, "Let my son go, that he may serve me;" and you have refused to let him go. Behold, I will kill your son, your firstborn.'"
Exodus 7:14 And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'The heart of Pharaoh hath been hard, he hath refused to send the people away;
Exodus 10:3 And Moses cometh in -- Aaron also -- unto Pharaoh, and they say unto him, 'Thus said Jehovah, God of the Hebrews, Until when hast thou refused to be humbled at My presence? send My people away, and they serve Me,
Exodus 13:15 And it came to pass, when Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, that Jehovah slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of men and the firstborn of cattle: therefore I sacrifice to Jehovah all that breaketh open the womb being males; and every firstborn of my children I ransom.
Exodus 16:28 And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'How long have ye refused to keep My commands, and My laws?
Numbers 20:21 Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border, so Israel turned away from him.
Numbers 22:13 And Balaam rose up in the morning, and said unto the princes of Balak: 'Get you into your land; for the LORD refuseth to give me leave to go with you.'
Numbers 22:14 And the princes of Moab rose up; and they went to Balak, and said, Balaam has refused to come with us.
Deuteronomy 2:30 But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for Yahweh your God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into your hand, as at this day.
Judges 2:19 But it happened, when the judge was dead, that they turned back, and dealt more corruptly than their fathers, in following other gods to serve them, and to bow down to them; they didn't cease from their doings, nor from their stubborn way.
Judges 11:17 then Israel sent messengers to the king of Edom, saying,'Please let me pass through your land;' but the king of Edom didn't listen. In the same way, he sent to the king of Moab; but he would not: and Israel abode in Kadesh.
1 Samuel 8:19 But the people refused to listen to the voice of Samuel; and they said, "No; but we will have a king over us,
1 Samuel 16:7 But the LORD said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart.
1 Samuel 26:23 Yahweh will render to every man his righteousness and his faithfulness; because Yahweh delivered you into my hand today, and I wouldn't put forth my hand against Yahweh's anointed.
1 Samuel 28:23 But he refused, and said, I will not eat. But his servants, together with the woman, constrained him; and he listened to their voice. So he arose from the earth, and sat on the bed.
2 Samuel 2:23 However he refused to turn aside. Therefore Abner with the back end of the spear struck him in the body, so that the spear came out behind him; and he fell down there, and died in the same place. It happened, that as many as came to the place where Asahel fell down and died stood still.
2 Samuel 12:17 The elders of his house arose, and stood beside him, to raise him up from the earth: but he would not, neither did he eat bread with them.
2 Samuel 13:9 She took the pan, and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat. Amnon said, "Have all men leave me." Every man went out from him.
2 Samuel 13:16 She said to him, "Not so, because this great wrong in sending me away is worse than the other that you did to me!" But he would not listen to her.
2 Samuel 13:25 The king said to Absalom, "No, my son, let us not all go, lest we be burdensome to you." He pressed him; however he would not go, but blessed him.
2 Samuel 14:29 Then Absalom sent for Joab, to send him to the king; but he would not come to him: and he sent again a second time, but he would not come.
2 Samuel 23:16 The three mighty men broke through the army of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David: but he would not drink of it, but poured it out to Yahweh.
1 Kings 20:35 A certain man of the sons of the prophets said to his fellow by the word of Yahweh, "Please strike me!" The man refused to strike him.
1 Kings 21:4 Ahab came into his house sullen and angry because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him; for he had said, "I will not give you the inheritance of my fathers." He laid himself down on his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread.
1 Kings 21:15 It happened, when Jezebel heard that Naboth was stoned, and was dead, that Jezebel said to Ahab, "Arise, take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, which he refused to give you for money; for Naboth is not alive, but dead."
1 Kings 22:49 Then Ahaziah the son of Ahab said to Jehoshaphat, "Let my servants go with your servants in the ships." But Jehoshaphat would not.
2 Kings 5:16 But he said, "As Yahweh lives, before whom I stand, I will receive none." He urged him to take it; but he refused.
2 Kings 15:16 Then Menahem smote Tiphsah, and all that were therein, and the borders thereof, from Tirzah; because they opened not to him, therefore he smote it; and all the women therein that were with child he ripped up.
1 Chronicles 11:18 The three broke through the army of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David: but David would not drink of it, but poured it out to Yahweh,
Nehemiah 9:17 and refused to obey, neither were mindful of your wonders that you did among them, but hardened their neck, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage. But you are a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, and didn't forsake them.
Nehemiah 9:29 and dost testify against them, to bring them back unto Thy law; and they -- they have acted proudly, and have not hearkened to Thy commands, and against Thy judgments have sinned, -- which man doth and hath lived in them -- and they give a refractory shoulder, and their neck have hardened, and have not hearkened.
Esther 1:12 But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king's commandment by the eunuchs. Therefore the king was very angry, and his anger burned in him.
Esther 3:4 Now it came to pass, when they spoke daily to him, and he didn't listen to them, that they told Haman, to see whether Mordecai's reason would stand; for he had told them that he was a Jew.
Job 6:7 The things that my soul refused to touch are as my sorrowful meat.
Job 34:33 Shall he recompense according to thy mind? for thou hast refused his judgment; for thou so choosest, and not I; speak then what thou knowest.
Psalms 77:2 In the day of my trouble I sought the Lord. My hand was stretched out in the night, and didn't get tired. My soul refused to be comforted.
Psalms 78:10 They didn't keep God's covenant, and refused to walk in his law.
Psalms 78:67 Moreover he refused the tabernacle of Joseph, and chose not the tribe of Ephraim:
Psalms 118:22 The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner.
Proverbs 1:24 Because I have called, and you have refused; I have stretched out my hand, and no one has paid attention;
Proverbs 21:7 The spoil of the wicked catcheth them, Because they have refused to do judgment.
Proverbs 21:25 The desire of the slothful slayeth him, For his hands have refused to work.
Ecclesiastes 2:10 And nothing which was desired by my eyes did I keep from them; I did not keep any joy from my heart, because my heart took pleasure in all my work, and this was my reward.
Isaiah 8:6 "Because this people have refused the waters of Shiloah that go softly, and rejoice in Rezin and Remaliah's son;
Isaiah 30:15 For thus said the Lord Yahweh, the Holy One of Israel, "You will be saved in returning and rest. Your strength will be in quietness and in confidence." You refused,
Isaiah 54:6 For the LORD hath called thee as a woman forsaken and grieved in spirit, and a wife of youth, when thou wast refused, saith thy God.
Jeremiah 3:3 Therefore the showers have been withheld, and there has been no latter rain; yet you have a prostitute's forehead, you refused to be ashamed.
Jeremiah 5:3 O Yahweh, don't your eyes look on truth? you have stricken them, but they were not grieved; you have consumed them, but they have refused to receive correction: they have made their faces harder than a rock; they have refused to return.
Jeremiah 8:5 Wherefore hath this people of Jerusalem Turned back -- a perpetual backsliding? They have kept hold on deceit, They have refused to turn back.
Jeremiah 9:6 thy dwelling 'is' in the midst of deceit, Through deceit they refused to know Me, An affirmation of Jehovah.
Jeremiah 11:10 They are turned back to the iniquities of their forefathers, who refused to hear my words; and they are gone after other gods to serve them: the house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers.
Jeremiah 15:18 Why hath my pain been perpetual? And my wound incurable? It hath refused to be healed, Thou art surely to me as a failing stream, Waters not stedfast.
Jeremiah 31:15 Thus saith the LORD; A voice was heard in Ramah, lamentation, and bitter weeping; Rahel weeping for her children refused to be comforted for her children, because they were not.
Jeremiah 50:33 Thus saith the LORD of hosts; The children of Israel and the children of Judah were oppressed together: and all that took them captives held them fast; they refused to let them go.
Ezekiel 5:6 And she hath changed my judgments into wickedness more than the nations, and my statutes more than the countries that are round about her: for they have refused my judgments and my statutes, they have not walked in them.
Hosea 11:5 "They won't return into the land of Egypt; but the Assyrian will be their king, because they refused to repent.
Zechariah 7:11 But they refused to listen, and turned their backs, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear.
Zechariah 7:13 It has come to pass that, as he called, and they refused to listen, so they will call, and I will not listen," said Yahweh of Armies;
LinksBible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible ThesuarusAll about willow and its best uses for smallholders
PUBLISHED: 16:44 30 May 2019 | UPDATED: 16:53 30 May 2019
From reducing the risk of bloat in ruminants to creating shelter belts and cricket bats, willow has myriad uses and is perfect for smallholders, finds Sally Morgan
Willow has to be one of the most useful plants on a smallholding. I have sited it around my poultry pens and I use it as a fast-growing shelter belt.
This versatile plant can be put to many uses on a holding — as a hedging plant, shelterbelt and tree fodder and for basket and hurdle-making, biomass, worming and other medicinal uses. It also helps to boost biodiversity as it is the food plant for many caterpillars and an early nectar source for bees.
Additionally, willow is ideal for small agroforestry schemes. If, like me, you have an open field that you want to subdivide into smaller pens for poultry, planting rows of willow is an easy way to create shelter from the elements in winter, while in summer the dappled shade will reduce heat load on livestock.
A double row of willow can be planted to create alleys for running poultry or sheep, or for sheltering vegetables on an exposed site. One row of willow can be harvested for biomass, while the second row remains to provide shelter. If you keep sheep, willow can be densely planted in stands to create fodder blocks that they can graze in rotation. Don't allow the animals to graze too much — no more than half of the leaves — and then let the trees recover. Willow can also be harvested as tree fodder and used to supplement hay in the winter.
Willow is established from cuttings that are inserted into the ground in winter and spring. The ideal cutting is around 10mm thick and 300mm long and is pushed to half its length into the ground. It is best to plant through a ground cover material as this helps to retain moisture and reduce competition from weeds. You may need guards against rabbits too. You can expect to get three or four shoots in the first year, each around 1m long. The shoots can be harvested annually, either by coppicing the plants at ground level, or as a pollard, cutting the main stem above livestock height so that the shoots are safe from browsing animals. In a commercial plantation with 17,000 willows per acre, willow can yield at least 4 tonnes an acre and this is harvested between November and April.
Willow is one of the few woody species that can cope with waterlogged soils and temporary flooding. It also helps to reduce flood risk as its roots stabilise the soil and slow water run off. It is so valuable used in this way that some water companies pay farmers to plant willow for this purpose alone. Bear in mind, however, that willow doesn't like standing in water for long periods as this can kill its roots. Although associated with damp ground, hybrid willows are tolerant of a wide range of soil types.
Willow's medicinal use dates back more than 4,000 years to ancient civilisations in the Middle East that used its bark to reduce pain, fever and inflammation. Salicin, the active ingredient, was identified in 1829. In the body it is converted into salicylic acid and by 1874 salicylic acid was produced commercially to treat rheumatic fever, gout and fever. However, it caused gastrointestinal upsets and so it was chemically modified to acetylsalicylic acid or aspirin.
It has long been observed that animals who are sick or in pain choose to eat willow for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, willows vary in their sal
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sua moglie siano ricoverati all'ospedale militare in Pakistan, presso l'agenzia di stampa di Karachi. Non esiste una fonte indipendente.Se la guerra tra iPhone e gli utenti Android ha una controparte nel mondo di gioco, sarebbe tra PlayStation e Xbox giocatori. Nel caso in cui si appartiene al team Xbox, probabilmente avete usato Microsoft Store almeno una volta.
Una volta separate le piattaforme di distribuzione digitale Windows Phone Store, Windows Marketplace, Xbox Music, Xbox Video e Xbox Store (precedentemente noto come Xbox Live Marketplace), si sono fuse in un Microsoft Store onnicomprensivo. Se stai acquistando giochi digitali per la tua console Xbox, è lì che devi andare.,
Xbox One console ha venduto circa 50 milioni di copie in tutto il mondo, e con migliaia di giochi disponibili sul suo negozio di giochi, alcuni problemi sono destinati ad accadere. Se hai mai acquistato un gioco hyped-up e poi ottenuto deluso con esso, probabilmente vi siete chiesti se è possibile ottenere i soldi indietro e come richiedere un rimborso.
Politica di rimborso Xbox
Ottenere un rimborso per un gioco digitale non è stato possibile per molto tempo., Sia che tu abbia acquistato giochi per PC, PlayStation o Xbox online, le politiche di rimborso sembravano uguali: tutte le vendite sono definitive. Come quella situazione ha iniziato a cambiare negli ultimi anni, Xbox e Microsoft Store hanno seguito la tendenza. Anche se è possibile richiedere un rimborso per un gioco Xbox, non significa che sia facile.
Se apri la pagina dei termini di rimborso dell’acquisto del gioco digitale, la sezione di ammissibilità al rimborso non sembra incoraggiante. Tutte le vendite di prodotti di gioco digitali sono considerate definitive, ad eccezione di alcune circostanze attenuanti. Mettere a punto ciò che tali circostanze sono non è un compito facile.,s, per gli skipass stagionali e non può essere rimborsato
Quando si tratta di motivi legittimi, in grado di garantire un rimborso per il gioco che si desidera tornare, qui sono le opzioni:
- sbagliato gioco è stato acquistato da incidente
- Il gioco non funziona o gravi disfunzioni
- C’è un errore con il tuo bill
- Il gioco è stato acquistato da qualcun altro usando il tuo account
Se la richiesta di rimborso viene approvato, Microsoft si impegna a restituire il denaro entro un paio di giorni lavorativi., Non vi è alcuna menzione di se è possibile scegliere il metodo di pagamento per il rimborso.
In base alla dichiarazione che è necessario verificare con la propria banca se il metodo di pagamento applicabile è stato correttamente accreditato, è plausibile pensare che i rimborsi vengano elaborati con il mezzo di pagamento originale quando possibile.
Abbonamenti e preordini di giochi digitali
Puoi richiedere un rimborso per i preordini e gli abbonamenti Xbox come Xbox Live, ma questi sono solitamente trattati come annullamenti e non dovrai compilare alcun modulo.,
Per annullare gli abbonamenti Xbox Live, puoi disattivare la fatturazione ricorrente e, se hai diritto a un rimborso, ti verrà offerta tale opzione nella pagina abbonamenti& del tuo account.
Se si desidera utilizzare Xbox Live durante il periodo di prova, ma non si desidera ottenere addebitato perché si potrebbe dimenticare di annullare in tempo, è possibile controllare la carta di credito virtuale DoNotPay.
In caso di pre-ordini, è possibile annullare fino a dieci giorni prima del rilascio., Se si perde quella finestra, si può ancora beneficiare per ottenere i soldi indietro, ma si dovrà richiedere un rimborso.
Come richiedere un rimborso per un gioco Xbox?
Le politiche di rimborso per i giochi digitali Xbox non sono così semplici come ci si potrebbe aspettare.,a0f”>Yes
No
Phone
No
Website
No
How Long Does It Take Microsoft to Refund Money?,
Quando finalizzi la tua richiesta di rimborso Xbox, riceverai un’e-mail di conferma. Dopo aver verificato se il tuo articolo acquistato si qualifica per un rimborso in base al modulo e ai documenti inviati, un rappresentante del team di supporto ti contatterà entro 72 ore. Nel caso in cui non si vede una e-mail da loro, si consiglia di controllare la posta di spam o posta indesiderata.
Controllare lo stato della richiesta di rimborso Xbox è facile. Puoi trovare le informazioni nella cronologia degli ordini del tuo account., Se hai altre domande sullo stato o se vuoi lamentarti dopo che la tua richiesta viene negata, ti consigliamo di rispondere all’e-mail di conferma o all’ultima e-mail ricevuta in merito al rimborso.
Problemi che potresti riscontrare quando effettui una richiesta di rimborso Xbox
Sebbene le politiche di rimborso di Microsoft per Xbox possano sembrare rigide, non è impossibile ottenere indietro i tuoi soldi per gli articoli digitali che si qualificano come rimborsabili. C’è una cosa a cui stare attenti: non dovresti abusare del sistema e trattarlo come una piattaforma per più demo di due ore., Nel caso in cui i rappresentanti Microsoft stabiliscano che stai abusando dei tuoi diritti di rimborso, smetteranno di offrirli tranne quando legalmente obbligati.
Un altro problema comune che gli utenti che richiedono rimborsi Xbox sperimentano è l’impossibilità di individuare il loro acquisto nella cronologia degli ordini., In tali casi, ci sono diverse spiegazioni possibili:
- L’acquisto è stato fatto in meno di 24 ore fa
- L’elemento è stato acquistato tramite un account diverso
- il Tuo acquisto è stato un pre-order
- il Vostro acquisto di un abbonamento
- il Tuo acquisto è stato un fisico del prodotto Xbox
- Hai regalato a qualcuno un gioco
Trattare Con Xbox Rimborsi È Facile Con DoNotPay!,
Se la tua testa inizia a ferire a causa di tutte queste politiche e regole di rimborso Xbox, non disperare. DoNotPay è la prima applicazione avvocato robot che può aiutare quando si desidera ottenere i vostri soldi indietro. Non avrai a che fare con i moduli e le categorie di rimborso Xbox. Tutto quello che dovete fare è ottenere DoNotPay nel tuo browser web.,
una Volta creato il tuo DoNotPay profilo, segui questi semplici passi per garantire che il rimborso:
- Log in e selezionare il Chargeback Istantaneamente
- Aggiungi dettagli circa la vostra banca e opzioni di pagamento
- Quando è stato chiesto per il mercante di informazioni, tipo Xbox o Microsoft Store
- Seguire il resto dei passaggi per fare un caso forte per un rimborso
una Volta completato il questionario, DoNotPay invierà una lettera di contestazione alla banca e Microsoft., Se necessario, il nostro team legale virtuale ti fornirà ulteriori prove a sostegno della tua richiesta.
DoNotPay può aiutarti a ottenere un rimborso per vari servizi
Non lo odi quando acquisti un prodotto o un servizio e ti rendi conto che non è di tuo gradimento? I tuoi soldi non devono essere sprecati in quel modo. Con l’aiuto di DoNotPay, è possibile richiedere un rimborso da qualsiasi azienda, anche quelli che ufficialmente non offrono rimborsi, in appena un paio di minuti. Tutto quello che devi fare è fornire al nostro chatbot le informazioni necessarie e invieremo via fax una richiesta di rimborso alla tua banca., Possiamo anche contattare il fornitore di servizi per te e chiedere loro di rimborsare il pagamento. Siamo in grado di aiutarvi richiesta di rimborso da parte di:
- a Vapore, servizio, incluso qualsiasi gioco su Steam, così come un dono, di Vapore
- Green Man Gaming
- Walmart
- la tariffa Justfly
- Best Buy
- Target
- eBay
- Amazon, quando si annulla il tuo ordine
DoNotPay Protegge la Tua Privacy e delle Finanze
la Condivisione della vostra carta di credito on-line viene fornito con alcuni rischi, ed è sempre più difficile distinguere i buoni e cattivi siti web di distanza., Con generatore di carta di credito virtuale di DoNotPay, si sarà in grado di proteggere la vostra identità e conto bancario da truffatori informatici.
Ogni volta che si esegue in una e-mail sospetta o un sito web, generare una carta di credito virtuale e procedere senza preoccupazioni. Le nostre carte virtuali funzionano anche come un fascino se si vuole evitare i pagamenti automatici dopo le prove gratuite.
Microsoft Store rimborsi sono solo una cosa che DoNotPay può aiutare con!
L’assistenza con i rimborsi Xbox è solo una delle cose nel portafoglio impressionante di DoNotPay., Per altre esigenze di gioco, potresti voler controllare come gestire i rimborsi del PlayStation Store o come richiedere il rimborso su Steam e Origin con DoNotPay.
Hai a che fare con più problemi amministrativi e legali? Puoi contare su DoNotPay per offrire un’esperienza fluida e user-friendly.,b5″>vendetta robocallsناحیه خودگردان ننتسیا (به روسی: Не́нецкий автоно́мный о́круг) یک ناحیه خودگردان روسیه است که تحت نظر استان آرخانگلسک اداره میشود.
بر پایه سرشماری سال ۲۰۱۰ میلادی مساحت این ناحیه ۱۷۶٬۷۰۰ کیلومترمربع و جمعیت آن ۴۲۰۹۰ نفر بودهاست. این واحد فدرال از لحاظ جمعیت در میان ۸۵ واحد فدرال روسیه کمجمعیت ترین واحد به شمار میرود.
مرکز این ناحیه ناریان-مار است.Deadpool 2: cinque storie su Cable da recuperare prima del film
Scopriamo assieme alcune delle storie su Cable da recuperare assolutamente prima di vedere Deadpool 2
Deadpool 2 è prossimo, uscirà in sala il 16 maggio 2018. Il film vedrà Ryan Reynolds riprendere i panni di Deadpool e Josh Brolin vestire quelli di Cable.
Cable, al secolo Nathan Summers, è il figlio di Scott Summers e Madelyne Pruor, clone di Jean Grey creata da Sinistro. Il personaggio venne presentato nel 1986, ma debuttò come Cable solo nel 1990. Cable ha combattuto al fianco degli X-Men in passato e combatte per la sopravvivenza dei mutanti in un buio futuro.Also known as: land vulture, platypus dog, the beaked blight.
Identification and Field Marks
These nasty little relatives of the Mute Chukarandos are also members of the ghastly-things-with-fur-that-lay-eggs family and have certain traits in common with other members of their family, namely thick, brown, curly fur with black stripes and a white underbelly. However, the tuckarando only grows to a maximum size of two nanits. Also, these wicked little beasts have the unusual feature of a hooked beak, quite reminiscent of Crank's Pocket Eel (no relation). Oddly enough, that predatory beak conceals a vicious set of carnivorous teeth with which the tuckarando tears its prey.
Tuckarandos are, as previously mentioned, related to the Mute Chukarandos. Also, there are at least two sub-species, the dwarf tuckarando, which never exceeds a single nanit in length, and the giant tuckarando, which always exceeds five nanits in length. There is rumored to be a more heavily furred mountain tuckarando as well, but no one has survived to verify, or renounce, their existence.
Originally found in the foothills of Mount Yurch, the living blight known as the tuckarando has migrated to virtually any area of Ghyll that has soft enough ground for them to make their burrows. They can also be found in many major cities, thanks in no small part to the illegal tuckarando trade perpetuated by the infamous Jack "Jackie Tuckarando" Tockanski (below).
The favorite prey of the tuckarando is the Ghyllian ankle. Alternately, they will gnaw fingers stuck into their burrows and, as a last resort, will eat anything else they can get their furry, little paws on. It is unclear on how early their natural development was disturbed by Ghyllians hiking up Mount Yurch, but tuckarandos must have surely sought other prey at one time. They have a very sweet song, rather like an astatic [You call this a word? --Burgengute (Sorry, that should have read athsmatic. Damn pyxies! --Doctor Phineas Crank)] Freege Horn, which will draw animal visitors from miles around. However, it is their amazing ability to mimic sounds, including the Ghyllian voice, that naturalists find so interesting. Is it this ability that let them lure their earlier prey to its doom? Or have they simply made a pact with the forces of darkness? Who can say? In any case, it is this ability that makes them both so valued and so illicit ("Economic Importance", below)
Young and Breeding
As implied by their family name, tuckarandos are egg-layers. They prefer to lay their freshly fertilized eggs in the toe-jam of Ghyllians who have hiked up Mount Yurch, but they'll tuck their eggs into any fleshy nook or cranny that they can find. These eggs hatch just a few days after being fertilized and implanted on their host. The resulting immature tuckarandos are a fraction of a nanit in size and quickly burrow into the soft parts of the unfortunate Ghyllian who incubated them. The result is not pretty at all and results in painful warts in the affected area. Six to eight weeks later, the adolescent tuckarandos work their way back to the surface of their host and begin to devour him or her. Any tuckarandos that survive the process scamper off to find their first ankle to bite, thus perpetuating their species. No one has actually seen tuckarandos mate, but it is assumed to be a process rather like Ghyllian reproduction, but without as much fanfare.
Because of their reproductive habits, tuckarandos are outlawed in every "civilized" Ghyllian settlement; however, as previously mentioned, that has not prevented a stiff trade in "Back Market" tuckarandos. The individual primarily responsible for creating both the demand and the supply in this illicit pet market is none other than Jack "Jackie Tuckarando" Tockanski. He discovered that the vile, little beasts had one interesting ability which made them quite popular pets with a certain wealthy class of people, namely, their ability to imitate sound. Rather like a mynah bird, these disgusting creatures can mimic virtually any sound, including the Ghyllian voice. Specially trained tuckarandos became quite the sensation for some time and there were even rumors that some of the poxy creatures could actually carry on conversations with their Ghyllian owners. In fact, it is this rumor that inspired the story of the most famous tuckarando of all, P'Jubal, Fijjit Mejora’s long-time friend in the best-selling "Fijjit and the Fefferberry Failure".
--Doctor Phineas Crank 00:22, 12 Mar 2005 (EST)This period brought extraordinary riches to Europe, and genocide and disease to indigenous peoples across the Americas.
But one thing is missing. What about indigenous history throughout this traumatic era? Until now, the standard timeline has derived, inevitably, from the European conquerors, even when scholars try to present an indigenous perspective.
This all happened just 400 to 500 years ago – how wrong could the conventional chronology for indigenous settlements be? Quite wrong, it turns out, based on radiocarbon dating my collaborators and I have carried out at a number of Iroquoian sites in Ontario and New York state. We’re challenging existing – and rather colonialist – assumptions and mapping out the correct time frames for when indigenous people were active in these places.
Refining dates based on European goods
Archaeologists estimate when a given indigenous settlement was active based on the absence or presence of certain types of European trade goods, such as metal and glass beads. It was always approximate, but became the conventional history.
Since the first known commercial fur trading missions were in the 1580s, archaeologists date initial regular appearances of scattered European goods to 1580-1600. They call these two decades Glass Bead Period 1. We know some trade occurred before that, though, since indigenous people Cartier met in the 1530s had previously encountered Europeans, and were ready to trade with him.
Archaeologists set Glass Bead Period 2 from 1600-1630. During this time, new types of glass beads and finished metal goods were introduced, and trade was more frequent.
The logic of dating based on the absence or presence of these goods would make sense if all communities had equal access to, and desire to have, such items. But these key assumptions have not been proven.
That’s why the Dating Iroquoia Project exists. Made up of researchers here at Cornell University, the University of Georgia and the New York State Museum, we’ve used radiocarbon dating and statistical modeling to date organic materials directly associated with Iroquoian sites in New York’s Mohawk Valley and Ontario in Canada.
First we looked at two sites in Ontario: Warminster and Ball. Both are long argued to have had direct connections with Europeans. For instance, Samuel de Champlain likely stayed at the Warminster site in 1615-1616. Archaeologists have found large numbers of trade goods at both sites.
When my colleagues and I examined and radiocarbon dated plant remains (maize, bean, plum) and a wooden post, the calendar ages we came up with are entirely consistent with historical estimates and the glass bead chronology. The three dating methods agreed, placing Ball circa 1565-1590 and Warminster circa 1590-1620.
However, the picture was quite different at several other major Iroquois sites that lack such close European connections. Our radiocarbon tests came up with substantially different date ranges compared with previous estimates that were based on the presence or absence of various European goods.
For example, the Jean-Baptiste Lainé, or Mantle, site northeast of Toronto is currently the largest and most complex Iroquoian village excavated in Ontario. Excavated between 2003–2005, archaeologists dated the site to 1500–1530 because it lacks most trade goods and had just three European-source metal objects. But our radiocarbon dating now places it between about 1586 and 1623, most likely 1599-1614. That means previous dates were off the mark by as much as 50 to 100 years.
Other sites belonging to this same ancestral Wendat community are also more recent than previously assumed. For example, a site called Draper was conventionally dated to the second half of the 1400s, but radiocarbon dating
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Ural Owl photographed at Odaeson National Park in 2005.
(The following records are a compilation of our own sightings and records sent in by other observers. As well as being posted on the Birds Korea website(s), selected records are also forwarded to other Korean-language birding websites; records of threatened species are arranged and forwarded to Birdlife International and national authorities when appropriate; flag images and records are passed to bodies responsible for their coordination throughout the flyway; and all records sent to us are used to compile annual reports and to support the evolving understanding of the status of many of Korea’s birds.)
Aleksey Antonov of Khingansky Nature Reserve has reported that a moulting Swan Goose with the korean metal band 140-00383 was shot in Ulbansky Bay, Sea of Okhotsk (53 deg 33 min N, 137 deg 25 min E) on August, 3 2003. Any info on where the Goose was banded and by whom would be appreciated. Please mail Aleksey (at) hinganamur.ru (and please copy to us).
Jeju Island, November 22-23, Black-faced Spoonbill Symposium
Interesting news from Hong-Kong based Paul Leader of what would appear to be Korea's first Water Pipit, seen by Paul whilst attending the Black-faced Spoonbill Symposium on Jeju Island. We've mailed Paul for more details and the exact date of this excellent record.
Paul also recorded 18 Black-faced Spoonbill, "loads" of Buff-bellied Pipit, and 1 Baikal Teal. He also reported that local Jeju birders recorded a Black Vulture (unusual so far south) and yet another Long-tailed Shrike over the same weekend.
Upo Ramsar site, November 27
In very cloudy and rainy conditions, 900+ Taiga Bean Geese, 600+ Baikal Teal, 1500+ Ducks, 1 Merlin (adult male), 4 Black-winged Stilt still ( but no White Spoonbills seen).
Danyang, November 23
Near Danyang on Sunday, eight Mandarin Ducks: one male in a pond and four males and three females in a slough through a flooded willow copse a little farther west along the Namhan River just west of town.
Also found two Long-billed Plover in Danyang on 22nd.
SongDo Mudflats, November 23
Sunny, clear, cold, 5 deg. c.
Common Shelduck 13, Dunlin 55, "Bean" Goose 70, Saunders Gull 9, Relict Gull 3, Siberian Gull 1, Black-headed Gull 200, Great Egret 2, Little Egret 6, Spot-billed Duck 15.
(Common Greenshanks have vanished, Great Cormorants much dispersed from previously- only 2. Duck numbers were similarly down at the lagoon. I was relieved to see they have halted their building work there).
PM. Hangang at Eunbong: Plentiful Shoveller, Pochard, Common Teal,Spot-billed Duck & Pintail. Lesser numbers of Tufted Duck, Gadwall, Goosander and Mallard...
Also 1 Merlin hawking the parrotbills....
Man-gyeong, Dong-jin, Okku salt pans and adjacent flats, November 23
At the Man-gyeong numerous Eurasian Spoonbills were seen. This was true for the Dong-jin as well, where 20 were seen. Eurasian Curlews were in good numbers too - roughly 80 in one group. Also 2 White-tailed Sea Eagles (a male and a female juvenile (judging by its larger size)): while they sparred a Peregrine flew into the scene and got involved, exciting stuff!
Joonam and the Nakdong, November 23
Few species of note observed during a "training day" for potential Upo Ramsar site guides, best being 7 White-naped Crane at Joonam.
Gocheonnam Lake, November 20 - 22
Photo © NM
Daily changes in numbers of Baikal Teal (with 250,000 on the 20th, 120,000 on 21st and ca 240,000 on the 22nd) were likely in response to disturbance caused by sightseers. Other birds of note included the Long-tailed Shrike (at least until the 20th), the same or another Black Stork (a rather shabby-looking juvenile-immature resting in wet rice-fields photographed through reeds on the 21st), the Chinese Grey Shrike (mixing spells of hovering with swift chases after the numerous Lapland Bunting and Japanese and Northern Skylarks), and 2 Greater Spotted Eagle - with an adult-type on the 21st and a juvenile-type on the 22nd.
Seosan, November 16 - 20
Up to 8 Oriental White Stork at Seosan, as well as 3 Black Stork, from November 16th to 20th. Go to the News section of Hyun tae's website, Pintail's Home, for more images.
Photo ©KIM Hyun-tae
Geocheonnam Lake, Haenam, November 18 - 19
At the very least 350,000 Baikal Teal on 18th, with possibly rather fewer on 19th ("only" 300,000 plus). Interestingly, one individual seen was leucistic, with a pale fawn coloration, and whiter-looking primaries.
Also 1 near adult Upland Buzzard and 2 Hooded Crane on 18th, along with 2 Pallas's Rosefinch overhead at dawn, and 1 Eastern Imperial Eagle on 19th. Although both the Long-tailed and Chinese Grey Shrike were seen well on the 18th, neither were seen in rainy conditions on the 19th.
At Yeongam Lake on 19th, very few birds of note.
Geocheonnam Lake, Haenam, November 17
A huge raft of Baikal Teal today contained at least 350,000 individuals, with possibly as many as 400,000 present (i.e. almost the whole world population of this charismatic duck).
Other birds of note included 2 Hooded Crane at dusk, Japanese Quail, the Chinese Grey Shrike still (watched hovering for long periods), and least expected, a Long-tailed Shrike (which with several Bullheaded made three species of shrike in a 500 m stretch of reedbed edge). From descriptions of a large shrike with a pink wash on the underparts given by Barry and MUTA san yesterday, the same bird was likely also present on the 16th. This is about the tenth record for Korea, and possibly only the third record on the mainland.
Seosan, November 16
Incredible images on KIM Hyun tae's website today of an Oriental White Stork at Seosan.
Upo Ramsar site, November 16
4 White-naped Crane (2 adults, 2 juveniles), 1 Tundra Swan, 700+ Taiga Bean Geese, 500+ Baikal Teal.
Geum River, November 16
The Baikal Teal are building in numbers at the Geum River - perhaps 5,000 there.
3 Peregrine Falcon also seen there.
At the mouth of the Man-gyeong River we saw 20 or more Eurasian Spoonbills, large numbers of Eurasian Curlews and the birds of the day turned out to be three Hooded Cranes: two adults and one juvenile, so perhaps a family group. (Mr. Bae believes there has been no record of that species at this site.)
Geocheonnam Lake, Haenam, November 16
Despite very significant disturbance by people coming to view "the migratory birds", at least 200,000 Baikal Teal watched excellently...other birds of note included a pre-roost congregation of 28 Hen and 2 Eastern Marsh Harriers, 2 Merlin, a late Barn Swallow, and most unexpectedly single Chinese Grey Shrike and Black Stork - two species that have attempted wintering in the area in previous years.
Geum River, Gunsan, November 15
Only 7 Baikal Teal near the roosting island at Napo Ri - with the fields and surrounding area looking very disturbed and suporting rather few waterbirds.
Yeongam Lake, Mokpo:
Baikal Teal ca 60,000 in the evening.
Seosan Lake A and B, November 14
Only ca 60,000 - 70,000 Baikal Teal, with 20,000 -30,000 of these watched departing south in the late evening.
On Lake B, probably 500 Baikal Teal present.
Highlights on Lake A included a Lesser White-fronted Goose and at least 46 (and possibly as many as ca 85) Hooded Crane in the evening; in addition an immature Peregrine was watched harrasssing the teal, before heading over the rice-fields where it swooped unsuccessfully - flushing an Amur Leopard Cat!
Seosan Lake A, November 13
Slightly reduced numbers of Baikal Teal, with probably ca 250,000 present. Many (>100,000) watched flying south(east) in the evening.
Seosan Lake A, November 12
At least 270,000 (and possibly as many as ca 330,000) Baikal Teal present, with many calling a peculiar low buzzing "ak-ak-ak".
Seosan, November 6 - 7
The BBC are in South Korea to film the Baikal Teals at Seosan...and unfortunately so far the weather has not been helpful: no aerial ballet and grey, overcast skiesr.
The birding has been good though, and highlights include 1 adult and 1 immature Snow Goose, 1 Swan Goose, ca 60 White Spoonbill (were 81 on 4th), 42 Hooded Crane (on 6th; fewer on 7th), White-tailed Eagle and 3 Oriental White Stork (the last record from Kim Hyun-tae).
Very rough counts of the Baikals give estimates of ca 200,000 on 6th, and perhaps 150,000 on 7th.
Upo Ramsar Site, November 4
No sign of the Oriental White Stork which had been present and well-watched for several days (last seen well on November 3rd). Best therefore were ca 500 Baikal Teal, 6 Tundra Swan (the personal first of the autumn), 6 Red Crossbill, 5-6 Black-winged Stilt still, and a wide range of commoner winter passerines (including Dusky Thrush, Brambling, Meadow, Yellow-throated and Rustic Buntings and Siberian Accentor).
Hong Island, November 3
More proof of the late migration through the area, comes with Korea's first White-capped Water Redstart Chaimarrornis leucocephalus found by Park Jong Gil on Hong Island.
This comes after Jong Gil "shared" the first Korean records of Scaly-breasted Munia on the same island just last week!
The White-capped Water Redstart is found from Central Asia, Afghanistan, and the entire Indian subcontinent, across through much of China (except the far north). Mainly resident along rocky rivers and streams, the species breeds up to 4000m in places, moving lower in the winter.
Seosan, Lake A, November 3
The passage of a dry cold front saw temperatures drop from a very mild 15C overnight (perhaps encouraging an extremely late Brown Hawk Owl watched next to our motel to remain into November) down to a midday temperature of ca 11C, with strong northwesterlies.
Massive numbers of wildfowl included ca 180,000 Baikal Teal, 10,000-15,000 Northern Pintail, 15,000+ Thick-billed Bean, ca 8,000 Greater White-fronted Geese (including one with a green neck collar - perhaps with E3 written on it?) and an immature Snow Goose.
Further highlights included 28 Hooded Crane (including one pale, apparent hybrid), 1-2 White-tailed Eagle, a Rough-legged Buzzard (scarce in South Korea in recent winters), and perhaps best of all a Chinese Grey Shrike, watched hunting along a reed-filled channel.
Okku and Geum River, November 2
On telephone lines and rice fields near Okku a mixed group of Corvids included several Daurian Jackdaws amongst the Rooks and Carrion Crows.
Later at the Geum River estuary a few dozen Northern Lapwings were spotted amongst the geese and ducks.
Not many rarities but a good daylist total of 63 between the three of us.
Socheong, am; Ferry back to Incheon, pm, November 2
Continuing fog and moderate winds for much of the morning seemed to keep most migrants in cover. In the east of the island, however, 60 Dusky/Naumanns were joined by 2 Pale Thrushes, while there were no less than 3 flycatcher species logged.Most predictable were 2 Mugimaki, while a first year male Blue-and-White Flycatcher can be considered an extremely late record. Best, however, was a large and heavy all-blue flycatcher with solidly black lores, hawking and picking insects from exposed perches along the edge of a belt of pine trees. Seen only from behind by NM (with good views of the head), this presumed Verditer Flycatcher Eumyias thalassina was very well seen by DB as it perched on an exposed branch. DB also noted a lack of contrast between the upper and underparts (with, for example no obviously paler throat or "belly"), and surprisingly a lack of tourquoise in the plumage, though with some iridescence on the closed wing and tail. An apparently similar flycatcher, also considered a Verditer, was found and photographed (distantly) on Gageo Island on October 12th, 2001, by PARK Jin Young, KIM Su-Kyung and CHOI Yu-Seong (with a further sighting on October 17th, 2001: PJY pes comm.), making the Socheong bird presumably the second record of the species for the Korean peninsula.
The ferry journey was hampered by poor visibility, but again 6 Pomarine and 1, probably 2, South Polar Skuas were logged by NM, DB and NAM Ki Baek and CHOI Yu-Seong, along with a single Slender-billed/Short-tailed and ca 10 Streaked Shearwaters.
Incheon-Socheong, November 1
From the ferry, 6 Pomarine Skua, 210 Pacific Black-legged Kittiwake, and 2 Ancient Murrelet. On Socheong, in poor visibility (with mist and fog patches) no sign of the male Amur Falcon seen on November 1st by NAM Ki Baek and CHOI Yu-Seong, and rather few other migrants, with best being a late Rufous-tailed Robin, 20+ Daurian Redstart, 10+ Dusky Warbler and a single Long-tailed Rosefinch.What is Condensation Reaction?
Condensation is the change of physical state of matter from gaseous phase into the liquid phase.
It is a process in which water vapour (gaseous form) in the air changes into liquid water when it touches a cooler surface. When the water in the air comes in contact with a cold surface, it condenses to form water droplets. This phenomenon is known as condensation. The reverse of condensation is evaporation reaction.
The in-depth definition of condensation is listed below.
- Condensation is when a gas turns to a liquid.
- Condensations have been defined to include those reactions in which two molecules are joined with loss of water.
- Condensation is defined as the removal of heat from a system in such a manner that vapour is converted into liquid.
In the summertime, after working under the sun when we feel very thirsty. After reaching home, when we take a cold water bottle from the refrigerator we can notice small droplets of water outside the bottle. Where did these water droplets come in the bottle? This happens due to a phenomenon called condensation.
Basic Process of Condensation
Condensation of water happens when water changes its phase from gaseous state to liquid or crystal shape. At high pressure and low temperature, any gas can condense. Technically the process of condensation can happen at any temperature as long as the pressure of the liquid state of the gas is less than the pressure of the condensing gas. The molecules in the matter slow down during the process of condensation because the heat energy is taken away, which causes a change within the three states of matter, that is it changes the matter into the solid-state.
A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction in which two molecules combine to form a larger one and a molecule of water. Condensation reactions involving alcohols as well as many other molecular types commonly occur in living organisms.
- In a condensation reaction, the removed hydrogen and hydroxide come from different molecules whereas in a dehydration reaction the removed H and OH come from the same molecule.
- In a condensation reaction, the H is removed from an electronegative atom whereas in a dehydration reaction the H is removed from a C atom.
Condensation – Water Cycle
- Condensation is important to the water cycle as it is responsible for the formation of clouds.
- Water vapour present in the air is responsible for the formation of clouds which ultimately comes down in the form of rain.
- This phase change of water between solid, liquid and gas is because of the movement of water molecules.
- In vapour form, water molecules are arranged randomly as compared to the liquid state.
- As condensation happens, water molecules become more organized and as a result, heat is released into the atmosphere leading to a change of phase from the vapour state to the liquid state.
- This generally occurs in the atmosphere when warm air rises up and cools down.
For condensation to take place, it is very important that the atmosphere is fully saturated (to reach maximum vapour pressure). Usually, condensation takes place around dust particles or smoke or microscopic bacteria. It plays a very significant role in the water cycle and thus helps in maintaining the water balance in the environment. It is also used in various industrial processes by the scientists and engineers for separating mixtures and manufacturing pure substances.
Condensation in Organic Chemistry
The term condensation is used to describe a wide variety of organic reactions resulting in the lengthening of the carbon skeleton of the molecule. However, it may be defined as
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highest height he could drop from was about 150 feet and that's only 3.5 seconds but he concluded at that point that maybe the 1357 actually holds.
Then he, this gets published, and he decides he wants to redo all of this, so he gets permission from the Vatican to go to the top of St. Peter's Stone and drop objects from 300 feet.
Okay, and does the experiments over again, and concludes well, it's at least roughly right, but when you look carefully, it should be landing in five seconds and is varying between five and six seconds and the conclusion is, therefore, all you can really say with confidence about Galileo's uniformly accelerated motion is it's at least an approximation.
To what would happen in the absence of air resistance, okay, and that's in the mid-1640s. Separate from that up in Bologna, wonderful town, is a guy named Riccioli, Giovanni Battista Riccioli and he decides well, I should back up. He takes on in 1640 or so he's a professor, he's a Jesuit professor at the University of Apollonia.
For those who don't know, because for some reason it's not as famous as Oxford, but it and Oxford vie for one another to be the oldest university in Europe and it's a marvelous university. I remind you it's where Copernicus learned his advance astronomy etc. It's a great university and at that time it was a great university.
Richioli is a professor there and he's famous now because he came out with the last defense of Ptolemy called the New Alma Guest and I'll be Quoting from it, and therefore he's laughed at because he's still defending Ptolemy in 1651. That's bad press, what he decided to do was to do his honest best to check everything Galileo said and anywhere the empirical evidence was adequate he would go with Galileo.
Anywhere it's not, the traditional position held sway, so he tried very, very hard to be fair to Galileo even though he's represented as being an advocate of Ptolemy. So what's he do? The first thing he decides to do is he's got to measure time really accurately. Mersenne had proposed the length of a one second pendulum but it's not at all clear how accurate it really was and Mersenne himself had pointed out there was something really odd because when you do this experiment dropping, the pendulum lands first.
Not the object falling directly and thought that very puzzling. We'll come back to that. Cuz that's what starts Huygens off on this whole thing is trying to figure out what was going wrong with Mercenne. So I'll I'll now read, what Riccioli did was to take a pendulum that he guessed.
Three old Roman feet, four inches in length, with a one pound bob and he calculated, excuse me, he measured the number of arcs in 21,660 sidereal seconds. And it didn't agree with what it should to be a sidereal second. Actually it's a mean solar second but let me not worry about that now.
Second example, a pendulum with three old Roman feet, four inches with a different size eight ounce iron sphere. This time he did it for a whole day 87,758 arcs in 86,400 seconds. Now I hope you're asking, did they really count 87,000? So here's what he says. This is translation by myself and Judy Nelson.
I set up nine companions. You wouldn't like to be one of Riccioli's friends right? Well instructed in this matter who almost all publicly practice philosophy or theology or mathematics, so that they succeeded each other in the counting after about every half hour. And in the year, 1642, from noon on April 2nd to noon on April 3rd, we maintained a count of simple vibrations, whose number from the pebbles thrown in the vase every 60 vibrations, was found to be 1466 sixties and in addition 38 vibrations.
But a day of the primum mobile, that's the sky, contains 1440 of it's own minutes. The solar day indeed is 1444 prime mobile minutes. Therefore such a pendulum, leave that alone for the moment that's a sidereal, therefore such a pendulum in one day of the Primum Mobile completes 16 times 1462 vibration in addition 38 vibrations when it ought to complete only 1440.
If a single simple vibration corresponded to one second therefore I added one ring to the chain so that the number of vibrations might turn out less and it might approach more nearly in each of it's vibrations to a second of the Primum Mobile. Now I am not giving you the rest of the text, I hope you can picture this, nine guys, one of them Grimaldi the discoverer of diffraction.
These are capable people out there counting for a 24-hour period on a pendulum and they mean one second, that's one second each way, okay? They don't mean our time. So the third example he modifies it, and he adds 0.21 inch To the second one, and gets 86,998 versus 86,400.
And finally, with the fourth example, pendulum three, old Roman feet, two at 67 and one hundredth inches, with a 20 and one half ounce brass sphere 32, 112 arcs in 3192 sidereal seconds. Now their actually looking at two different stars passing across one another, they're not going the whole day.
Based on that, he reaches a conclusion. A one second pendulum is three old Roman feet. 3 plus 27 one-hundredths inches, etc., and he's scaling, it's not exactly what he had at the top, he's doing a small correction. Then he's setting up a half second pendulum and a one-sixth second pendulum.
Six times a second. Okay, and that's actually three full arcs per second. Therefore, we used a pendulum of this sort for measuring the natural movement of weights, but in order to count its vibrations as quickly as possible, it is proper after each set of ten to raise one finger of two class cans and to be extremely attentive indeed, for greater proof to take two equal pendulums of this sort, and have two counters making their own count separately.
So it is apparent at the end of the operation where it agrees or not, I have two people doing it, okay. Next thing he does and I don't have a separate slide on this, is he takes chalk covered balls, all the same size, but with different masses of lead inside and starts dropping them from 312 feet.
You'll see how he gets 312 feet in just a moment. Getting them heavier and heavier, til he gets to a point where the distinction and the time in which they land becomes negligible. First of all, he says even for light ones versus heavy ones, Aristotle is wrong, it's not proportional.
But if you get heavy enough, you really can't tell the difference. Now we're gonna use those because those are in effect controlling for air resistance and he goes to the Towers of Bologna. This is Tower of San Petronius. You can't, it's disappointing, in this room, it's being wiped out a little, disappointing because this is my photograph, and I'm very vain about my own photographs.
This is a photograph made from the observatory at the University of Bologna, and I don't mean the current one I mean the one as of the time Richie Holt was there. Looking out over the city, you see a lot of different towers. The tallest tower is Asinelli Tower, it's 312 feet high, according to him it's actual 97.2 meters high, that's my 100 meter height.
Okay, and now I will simply describe. You can see, towers all over the place? They had a lot of towers, and by the way, that's got a slight lean on it, so it does have the virtue for dropping objects. Guess I have to read. So, the top says weights in perpendicular free fall move more and more quickly towards the end, in an increase of speed that is between numbers equally unequal numbered as wholes.
Or so as the space is traversed in certain times, are among themselves as the square of the times, and so as the space is traversed, have among themselves a duplicate proportion etc. In other words, Galileo's right and that's what he says, the whole assertion of Galileo and Baliani has been very often proven by our experiments.
Now these are the numbers are said to be equally unequal as wholes. One, three, five, seven, nine, 11, 13, 15, etc., and so if in the first quarter of an hour some weight is depleted, it's the explanation. In order to explore this in truth, Grimaldi and I prepared in advance, several clay globes of the same bulk, and dropped those of 8 ounces from different towers or house windows or little casements suited for taking measurements and we first used the towers of Polonia.
Namely the Asinelli, 312, the St. Peter, 208, the San Petronius, that's the one I showed you, 200, etc. Many, many different towers. Moreover, for discerning more precisely the time in which the drop glows arrived at the pavement, we use two very small pendulums, back to the prior reference, etc.
Each one's supposed to be one second and these are his best results. I'll just read, and then we'll look at the results. I'm gonna keep you for maybe three or four minutes, over. And so in the first experiment, when we observe from a height of ten feet from the aforesaid globe, come to the pavement in at least five vibrations of the aforesaid pendulums, five, sixths of a second.
We tested the height which a globe equal to that one passed through in ten vibrations, and found it to be 40 feet and going on through all the rest. They would do things like knowing the drop in the first second they could predict what it should be from different intermediate heights.
They did the right kind of experiment all over the place. He says these are the two best sets of results and you can see. One, three, five, seven, nine. One, three, five, seven, nine. Exact, in fact the worst thing about this, is it's exact agreement, okay? It makes one wonder, but he said, these are the two best and he got exact agreement and he's going up to 280 feet and the total time is what?
I can't quite read this on time. But you should be able to, and it's a sixth of a second. So we're running substantial periods of time over very high heights. That was the strongest evidence anybody had as of 1651, which will be a magic date for your third paper, second paper, had as of 1651, for that the one, three, five progression actually holds.
Two more slides very quickly. One of them we can look at this in retrospect and ask how good is his result. Well the way to think of this is what you want is RG, okay? The velocity acquired in a given timem, the constant of proportionality, which is the acceleration of gravity.
They didn’t think that way, they didn’t do acceleration of gravity, they did distance of fall in first second, which is half RG. Okay, and Galileo said in a letter in 1635, four cubits in the first second, 197 centimeters. Mersenne, in Harmonie Universelle, says 12 Paris feet in the first second, 394 centimeters.
Riccioli, depending on what you use as the measure of Roman feet, 15 Roman feet. If I take the 312, and the 97.2 meters, and use that as the length of his foot, I get 467. If to the contrary, I use Quarayz value in the classic paper I put on supplementary material, I get 444 centimeters, which is 10% off.
Now a comment, 10% off on all the distances makes no sense, it can't be because of resistance because that's a function of velocity squared. Can't be because of an error in measuring time because distance goes as time squared. The error has to be linear through all the cases it can only be an error in distance.
How could they be off by 10% in distance? So it was Steve Weinberg who made me appreciate this when he told me, look at the height of the 312. Get it in present units. He had the wrong units, but the right units get it to where it is halfway reasonable.
As you see, in 1659, then published in Horologium in 1673. Huygens measures to four significant figures our current number. So the Riccioli numbers, retrospectively, from 1659 which is only eight years later, are actually good to within better than 5% and within better than 5% is probably close to the accuracy with which they can observe the heights.- LIFE: World War II - Pictures We Remember
- Posted 43 months ago by Jack Lowe · Art & Design · 33502 Views
For many, World War II was the biggest single event of their lives, transforming the world more than any other recorded conflict in history. "Cities were obliterated; national borders altered; revolutionary and, in some cases, fearsome military, medical, communication and transportation technology invented; and , of course, tens of millions were killed — the majority of them civilians." During the six years the war lasted, LIFE magazine covered the event more than any other publication, with 21 photographers spending a combined total of 13,000 days outside of the US - most of that time spent right in the combat zones.
In tribute to the people who lost their lives, as well as the journalists who risked theirs, LIFE.com have delved into their archives to present some of the most memorable images created during that time.ONLARDA BİZİM GİBİLER +1 FARKLA
Down Sendromu nedir?
En basit tanımıyla Down Sendromu çocuğunuzun vücudundaki hücrelerin 46 yerine fazladan bir kromozoma, yani 47 kromozoma sahip olmasıdır.
Peki ya neden 47 kromozom?
İnsan vücudunu oluşturan kromozomların 23 tanesi anneden , 23 tanesi ise babadan gelmektedir. Down Sendrom'unda 21. kromozom 2 değil 3 adet olmaktadır. Bunun sonucu olarak toplam kromozom sayısı 46 değil 47 olmaktadır.
Down Sendromu ismi nereden geliyor?
Dr. Jérôme Lejeune
Down sendromu ya da eski adlarıyla mongolizm
veya mongol bebek
ilk kez 1866 yılında Dr. John Langdon Down tarafından tarif edilmiş bir sendromdur. Moğol ırkına mensup insanlara çekik gözlülükleriyle benzemeleri nedeniyle Dr. Down bu bebekler için mongoloid
terimini kullanmış, ancak daha sonra Asyalı bilim adamlarının baskısıyla mongol
terimi tümüyle terk edilmiştir. Sendrom, doktorun ismi olan "Down sendromu
" olarak adlandırılmaya başlamıştır. 1959'da Jérôme Lejeune tarafından 21. kromozomun trizomisi olduğu tanımlanmıştır.
Dowm Sendromu kendi içinde kaç çeşide ayrılır?
Trizomi 21:
Bütün hücreler ekstra bir 21. kromozama sahiptir. Down sendromlu insanların % 94ââââââ¬Å¡¬Å¡¬âââââ¬Å¡¬¢ü bu gruptadır.
Translokasyon:
Ekstra 21. kromozom başka bir kromozoma bağlanır. Down sendromlu insanların %4ââââââ¬Å¡¬Å¡¬âââââ¬Å¡¬¢ü bu gruptadır.
Mozaik:
Hücrelerin bir kısmı ekstra bir 21. Kromozama sahiptir. Down sendromlu insanların % 2ââââââ¬Å¡¬Å¡¬âââââ¬Å¡¬¢si bu gruptadır.
Down Sendromu'na sebep olan nedenler nelerdir?
Down Sendromuna neden olan belirleyici faktörler konusunda, annenin yaşı, radyasyon, troit antibodies, uyuşturucu ve alkol kullanımı gibi çeşitli tezler ortaya atılmış olsa da bunların içinde kesinlik kazanmış olanı yoktur. Sonuçta 21. Kromozom bilinmedik bir nedenle bölünememiş ve yeni hücrede yerini korumuştur.
Annenin yaşının ilerlemiş olması, sendromun sıklığı ile ilişkili olan tek istatistik veridir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar kromozom bölünmezliğinin yalnızca anne yumurtasından değil baba sperminden de kaynaklanabileceğini göstermiştir.
Down Sendromu doğum öncesinde saptanabilir mi?
Down Sendromu doğum öncesi tanı yöntemleri ile saptanabilmektedir. Ancak bu testler kendi içlerinde belirli riskleri de taşımaktadırlar. Down Sendromlularda ensede deri bolluğu fazla olduğu için Ultrasonda ensedeki şişliğe bakılır. Ancak kesin bir metot değildir. Üçlü Tarama ise anne kanından alınarak yapılıyor ve risk hesabı yapılmaktadır. Ancak %60 oranında tanımlayabilmekte %40 oranında atlayabilmektedir. Fakat unutulmamalıdır ki her test size %100 doğruluk oranı vermeyecektir.
Down Sendromu'na sahip olan kişilerin özellikleri nelerdir?
Down Sendromlular'da görülen bazı fiziksel özellikler: Çekik küçük gözler, basık burun, kısa parmaklar, kıvrık serçe parmak, kalın ense, avuç içindeki tek çizgi, ayak baş parmağının diğer parmaklardan daha açık olmasıdır. Bu özelliklerin hepsi veya birkaçı görülebilir.
Down Sendromlu bebekler istisnalar olmakla beraber yaşıtlarından daha yavaş büyürler. Zihinsel gelişimleri geriden gelmektedir. Bu gerilik, yaş büyüdükçe daha belirgin olarak gözükmekte, ama uygun eğitim progra
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013年的协议。
佛罗里达番茄交易所认为，在过去的15年里，佛罗里达州番茄产量下跌了35%，这完全是因为墨西哥政府为番茄生产进行补贴，让墨西哥番茄获得不公平的价格优势，抢夺了美国种番茄农民的市场。
最终，鲁比奥和尤和在致信美国商务部之前获得了来自12个州的46位国会议员的联名支持。在罗斯收到这封信的2天后，美国商务部宣布退出2013年同墨西哥签订的“新鲜番茄暂停协议”。
根据美国农业部的数据，佛罗里达州因为气候温暖曾在冬季和春季一直占领美国的番茄市场，但是，在过去的20年中，这个市场被同样气候温暖并且番茄价格优廉的墨西哥占领。
佛罗里达迪迈尔农场(Dimare)就是此前曾经要求鲁比奥和尤和“立刻致信商务部，拯救佛罗里达番茄产业”的农场之一。
已经在佛罗里达种植番茄将近1个世纪的迪迈尔农场，是该州最大的番茄农场之一，他们曾经多年种植超过5000英亩(每英亩约合6.07亩)的冬季番茄，但去年只种植了不到600英亩。现任农场主托尼·迪迈尔(Tony Dimar)是该农场的第三代主人。
“我已经被来自墨西哥的进口廉价番茄害了20多年。”托尼·迪迈尔告诉第一财经记者，“其间也曾看到我们附近的番茄农场做不下去而被迫卖掉自己的土地，我当然支持自由贸易，但这对我们番茄农民不公平。现在已经是‘美国优先’不是吗?”
迪迈尔表示，作为佛罗里达最大的番茄农场主，他其实还算“受伤不太严重的”，因为他不仅种植番茄也批发番茄，也就是说，他从当地的小番茄农场和农民处收购番茄，批量包装处理后再卖给市场和食品供应商。
有意思的是，迪迈尔收购的番茄中，有一部分来自他“恨极了”的墨西哥。
“一切顾客至上。无论是出于什么原因，有的人就是喜欢墨西哥番茄。”对此，迪迈尔解释说。
针对美国商务部的决定，墨西哥经济部发表声明指出，美国加征的关税将为墨西哥农民增加3.5亿美元(约合24亿元人民币)的负担。而事实是，单靠美国佛罗里达州生产的番茄根本不能满足美国国内的需求，为加征关税番茄埋单的，最终还是美国消费者。
“佛罗里达的番茄农民们已经多年试图阻止来自墨西哥的竞争。”琼迈尔告诉第一财经，“所以，他们的做法就是让国会成员推翻之前的贸易协定，把其中的条款用保护主义的关税条款代替。“
“对这些国会成员来说，他们的做法是用牺牲美国其他各地的消费者、其他产业和工人的利益，目的是为他们选区的大农场主们获得美国番茄市场的垄断权。”琼迈尔说。
来源：第一财经
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Biografia
Stefano Ceratti era un cardiologo che svolgeva la sua professione nei paesi di Bianco e Caraffa del Bianco, in provincia di Reggio Calabria. In quest'ultimo paese era segretario comunale della Democrazia Cristiana e capogruppo di minoranza in Consiglio Comunale. La sua attività politica era incentrata alla lotta alle connivenze tra politica comunale e 'ndrangheta, in particolare negli appalti pubblici, al riguardo dei quali aveva presentato diverse denunce, sia in Consiglio Comunale, che alla magistratura e al Prefetto.
L'omicidio
Ceratti viene ucciso il 7 aprile 1992 all'interno del suo ambulatorio a Bianco mentre eseguiva un elettrocardiogramma: il killer, entrato nello studio del medico a volto scoperto, gli sparò cinque colpi di pistola calibro 7,65 alla testa.
Indagini e processi
Nelle ore immediatamente successive venne arrestato Bruno Moio, pensionato cui Ceratti stava eseguendo l'elettrocardiogramma, poiché non aveva voluto fornire indicazioni sul killer, nonostante l'avesse visto in faccia.
Nel 2009 venne arrestato con l'accusa di essere l'esecutore materiale Sergio Prezio, originario di Montalto Uffugo, in provincia di Cosenza, condannato oggi in via definitiva a 30 anni di reclusione.
I giudici riconobbero la matrice mafiosa dell'omicidio, sostenendo che il medico dava fastidio agli interessi economici della 'ndrina dei Pelle di San Luca.
Bibliografia
- Telejonio, Furono i Pelle Gambazza di S. Luca a volere la morte di Stefano Ceratti, 16 ottobre 2010.
- Aldo Varano, Arrestato il testimone di Bianco Ha visto i killer e non parla, L'Unità, 9 aprile 1992.برای مشاوره در خصوص استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل
برای مشاوره در خصوص استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل
استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل به چند طریق اعم از آزمون وزارت بهداشت، آزمون استخدامی دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی، دستگاه های اجرایی و ... در سال های جاری صورت می گیرد. با این حال، برخی از فارغ التحصیلان این رشته به علت عدم اطلاع از زمان و نحوه ثبت نام یا آشنا نبودن با روند جذب، برای انجام فرایندهای مربوطه بموقع و به درستی عمل نکرده و مجبور به انتظار برای دوره های بعد می شوند.
در این خصوص باید عنوان کرد که شرایط و زمانبندی استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل بسته به روش آن متفاوت بوده و متقاضیان باید برای انجام نام نویسی ابتدا شرایط را مطالعه و سپس برای تکمیل فرم تقاضانامه و ارائه مدارک اقدام کنند. در این مقاله مراحل انجام نام نویسی و مدارک لازم برای ارسال رزومه در لیست آگهی های استخدامی کارشناس اتاق عمل توضیح داده شده، همچنین سوالات مصاحبه و میزان حقوق این افراد نیز مورد بررسی قرار داده شده است.
زمانبندی استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل
اتاق عمل یکی از رشته های محبوب در ایران محسوب شده و هر ساله تعداد افراد زیادی نیز از این رشته فارغ التحصیل می شوند. در این میان از جمله دغدغه های دانش آموختگان این رشته آن است که در چه مراکز و چه زمانی می توانند استخدام شوند. حقیقت این است که مهم ترین مراکز جذب کننده این افراد، مسلما بخش های جراحی بیمارستانی، زنان و زایمان، مراکز مراقبتی و ... بوده که هر کدام بسته به نیاز خود اقدام به استخدام افراد واجد شرایط می کنند.
از این نظر زمانبندی استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل متفاوت بوده و هر ارگانی به طور جداگانه در مواقع خاصی اقدام به انتشار فراخوان می کند. به عنوان مثال، یکی از مهم ترین مسیرهای جذب دانش آموختگان این رشته، آزمون استخدام وزارت بهداشت می باشد. این جذب و گزینش دو مرحله ای تقریبا هر ساله برگزار شده و طبق آخرین اطلاعیه ها احتمال می رود که در مهرماه سال جاری نیز برگزار گردد.
روش دیگر جذب افراد واجد شرایط استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل به وسیله آزمون استخدامی دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی است. این آزمون معمولا در نیمه دوم سال برگزار می شود، اما هنوز اطلاعیه ای در این خصوص منتشر نشده است. در صورت مشخص شدن زمانبندی استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل و شروع فرآیند ثبت نام، متقاضیان می بایست دفترچه راهنما را مطالعه و در صورت اعلام نیاز دانشگاه ها برای نام نویسی اقدام کنند.
همچنین برخی از ارگان ها نیز از طریق آزمون فراگیر دستگاه های اجرایی برای جذب این کارشناسان اعلام نیاز می کنند. تعدادی از بیمارستان ها، کلینیک ها و مراکز جراحی نیز به منظور جذب کارشناس اتاق عمل به طور جداگانه لیست آگهی های استخدامی کارشناس اتاق عمل منتشر کرده و از علاقه مندان دارای صلاحیت دعوت به همکاری می کنند.
شرایط استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل
استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل به هر کدام از روش های فوق مستلزم برخورداری از سری شرایط عمومی و اختصاصی اعلامی می باشد. شرایط عمومی به مواردی اطلاق می شود که برای تمامی مراکز و سازمان ها یکسان می باشد، اما شرایط اختصاصی بسته به مرکز و لیست آگهی استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل متفاوت می باشد. بر این اساس، شرایط استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل به شرح زیر می باشد.
تعدادی از شرایط عمومی استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل:
داشتن تابعیت ایرانی
اعتقاد به دین مبین اسلام یا یکی از ادیان قید شده در قانون اساسی
التزام عملی به ولایت فقیه
نداشتن اعتیاد به مواد مخدر و روانگردان ها
نداشتن سوء پیشینه کیفری موثر
برخورداری از سلامت جسمی و روحی جهت انجام وظایف محوله
داشتن کارت پایان خدمت
تعدادی از شرایط اختصاصی استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل:
داشتن حداقل و حداکثر شرایط سنی
داشتن مدرک تحصیلی در مقطع و رشته خواسته شده
نداشتن تعهد خدمت به ارگان یا سازمان های دولتی
داشتن سابقه کاری مرتبط
بومی بودن
متقاضیان می بایست توجه داشته باشند، شرایط استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل هر کدام از آزمون ها از طریق دفترچه راهنمای دفترچه در هنگام ثبت نام اطلاع رسانی می شود. بنابراین توصیه می شود که قبل از انجام هر گونه اقدام جهت تکمیل فرم تقاضانامه ابتدا دفترچه را با دقت مطالعه و سپس در صورت برخورداری از موارد درج شده، نام نویسی انجام دهد.
مدارک لازم برای استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل
داوطلبان واجد شرایط استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل لازم است در زمان ثبت نام یک سری مدارک و اطلاعات را ارئه دهند. در حال حاضر ثبت نام همه آزمون ها یا فراخوان ها به صورت اینترنتی بوده و فرم ثبت نام شرکت در آزمون نیز باید از طریق مراجعه به سایت تکمیل شود. با توجه به متفاوت بودن آزمون ها، سایت های ثبت نامی نیز تفاوت داشته و متقاضیان باید به سامانه مربوطه مراجعه کنند.
گفتنی است که برخی از این مدارک برای سازمان های مختلف متفاوت است و تمامی این موارد در دفترچه یا فراخوان های منتشر شده قابل دریافت است. با این حال در زیر مهم ترین مدارک لازم برای استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل که معمولا بین تمامی سازمان ها مشابه می باشد، قید شده است.
اطلاعات شناسنامه ای و هویتی مانند نام و نام خانوادگی، نام پدر، سال تولد، شماره شناسنامه، کد ملی و...
اطلاعات تحصیلی مانند معدل، نام دانشگاه محل تحصیل، تاریخ فارغ التحصیلی، و ...
آدرس محل سکونت
آدرس ایمیل و شماره تماس
اطلاعات مربوط به سهمیه
توصیه می شود که مدارک لازم برای استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل با دقت ارائه شوند، چراکه احراز شرایط داوطلبان بر اساس این مدارک و اطلاعات صورت می گیرد. همچنین چنانچه شخصی عمدا یا سهوا اطلاعات اشتباه و یا مغایر با واقعیت ارائه دهد، نه تنها ثبت نام او کان لم یکن تلقی خواهد شد بلکه حتی در صورت قبولی نیز پذیرش او منتفی می گردد.
نحوه استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل
یکی از سوالاتی که ممکن است برخی از متقاضیان با آن مواجه شوند، در مورد نحوه استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل باشد. نکته مهمی که قبلا هم به آن اشاره شد، این است که نام نویسی به صورت اینترنتی می باشد، اما سایت ها متفاوت است و باید به سامانه معرفی شده مراجعه کرد. اما به طور کلی می توان گفت روند ثبت نام تا پذیرش در آزمون ها به صورت زیر است.
مراجعه به سایت مربوطه
دانلود دفترچه راهنمای ثبت نام و مطالعه دقیق آن
تکمیل فرم تقاضانامه
دریافت کارت وورد به جلسه
شرکت در آزمون کتبی
دریافت کارنامه اولیه
شرکت در مصاحبه در صورت کسب نمره حد نصاب در مرحله اول
گفتنی است که نحوه استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل در مواردی که بیمارستان ها از طریق سایت های استخدام و کاریابی جذب نیرو دارند اندکی فرق دارد. با این تفاوت که آن ها معمولا آزمون ورودی نداشته و مهم ترین معیار آن ها برای قبولی علاوه بر بررسی مدارک، مصاحبه می باشد که در آن میزان تخصص و مهارت متقاضی مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد.
مصاحبه استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل
همانطور که در بخش های قبلی ارائه شد، یکی از مراحل قبولی در آزمون استخدامی کارشناس اتاق عمل، کسب نمره حد نصاب در مصاحبه است. گفتنی است که این مرحله چه در استخدامی های با آزمون چه بدون آزمون وجود داشته و همه مراکز درمانی برای انتخاب نیروی جدید خود نیازمند ارزیابی متقاضیان می باشد.
سوالات مصاحبه استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل نیز به طور کلی به چند دسته عمومی، سیاسی، عقیدتی، و تخصصی تقسیم بندی می گردند. در بخش سوالات عمومی ابتدا از شخص خواسته می شود تا یک بیوگرافی خود ارائه داده و در مورد علاقه مندی ها، نقاط ضعف و قوت و ... صحبت کند.
سوالات عقیدتی نیز بیشتر در زمینه اصول و فروع دین، قرآن، ولایت فقیه، قانون اساسی و ... است. در پایان هم یکسری سوالات تخصصی عملی و شفاهی پرسیده می شود تا میزان توانایی و آمادگی فرد سنجیده شود. چند روز پس از اتمام مصاحبه استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل نتایج نهایی اعلام شده و اسامی پذیرفته شدگان مشخص می گردد.
حقوق استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل
قطعا مسئله حقوق استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل برای تمام افرادی که قصد ورود به این شغل را دارند، دارای اهمیت می باشد. یک نکته بسیار مهم که در میزان حقوق این افراد تاثیرگذار است، به محل و مرکز استخدام کننده مربوط می شود. چراکه طبیعتا بسته به دولتی یا خصوصی بودن مراکز درمانی، میزان حقوق و مزایا نیز می تواند متفاوت باشد.
علاوه بر این، شهر، سابقه و یا حتی مدرک و مقطع تحصیلی نیز در این امر موثر خواهند بود. اما به طور کلی اگر قرار باشد برای حقوق استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل رقمی را بیان کرد، می توان گفت که چیزی حدود 8 الی 12 میلیون برای شاغلان این شغل در بیمارستان های دولتی خواهد بود.
گذشته از این فارغ التحصیلان مقطع کاردانی حقوق کمتری را نسبت به تکنسین های اتاق عمل دارای مدرک کارشناسی دریافت می کنند. به عنوان مثال، علاقه مندان به گذراندن یک دوره یک و نیم تا دو ساله می توانند به عنوان کمک اول جراح استخدام شده و بدین ترتیب به حقوق آن ها افزوده شود.
اگر بعد از خواندن این مقاله، سوال یا ابهامی در خصوص استخدام کارشناس اتاق عمل داشتید هم می توانید با کارشناسان مرکز مشاوره بانک استخدام تماس بگیرید. کارشناسان بانک استخدام تمام سوالات شما را به کامل ترین شکل ممکن پاسخگو هستند.通常情况下，作者、导师，甚至是EA设计师Rick Brown确实是一个长期的货币投机者和投资者。在11年的兼职交易后，于2013年开始全职交易。他的指南《外汇交易者的圣经》包括有用的交易策略和指示。他是一个真正平易近人的交易员，甚至提供有价值的建议和指导。继续阅读，了解更多关于吉姆-布朗的信息。这篇文章通常由外汇专家撰写。
吉姆-布朗叶是外汇交易行业内很受欢迎的作者，甚至他还写了许多关于典型主题的书籍。这些教科书涵盖了从典型的买卖基础知识到更高级的主题，如市场动态，甚至技术分析。他们的第一本书《外汇交易》是一本极好的入门书，适用于希望能够发现外汇的新投资者。这也是他的投资系统之一，是众多读者看重的一个额外奖励。
通常情况下，该书为外汇投资者提供了大量的实用建议，涵盖了重要的和技术性的研究。它还保护了交易心理学。对于任何刚刚开始的人来说，这是一个很好的指南，因为它给你提供了能够开始甚至进行第一次交易的设备和动力。对于希望进一步了解外汇市场的个人来说，这是一个很好的参考资料，但对于希望了解该行业的更多有经验的投资者来说，它更是一个宝贵的资源。
里克-布朗是经验丰富的外汇交易员，甚至还写过几本关于外汇的典型书籍。这些教科书的内容各不相同，有的是典型市场的优势，有的是以买卖策略和典型市场的动态为中心的高级标题。他的第一本书，Fx trading，目标是新的投资者，甚至包含他的Facebook聚会的奖金使用和涉及他的交易方法之一。作者对外汇市场的小而简明的建议一直受到读者的欢迎，他的外汇书籍通常是亚马逊上最畅销的书籍之一，这并不奇怪。
虽然吉姆-布朗通常是外汇行业中多产的出版商，但他的特点是没有公开谈论他在行业内的经验。然而 ，他的书籍可以在他的网站和他的Facebook页面上免费获得。尽管他很成功，但他的建议却并不总是实用。如果你是外汇市场的新手，你需要找一个好的导师来了解市场的来龙去脉。如果你是新手，吉姆-布朗的出版物可以帮助一个人开始你的行业获利之路。
这本特别的书可以免费下载，当然也可以在吉姆外汇交易系统的网站上找到。一般来说，这本书包括定制的指标和典型的tradingview电子书。作为奖励，股东们可以获得进入吉姆的私人Facebook聚会的奖励。还有涉及他的电子书的免费版本，可以在不需要掏出任何钱的情况下下载。如果你是外汇交易的新手，Rick Brown的书是一个不错的选择。È una giornalista saudita. Per cinque anni ha lavorato in un giornale locale a Jeddah, in un ufficio separato da quello dei colleghi maschi. Oggi vive in Svezia e si occupa soprattutto di diritti delle donne e di politica in Yemen e in Arabia Saudita. Collabora con giornali svedesi, danesi e norvegesi, con il canale della BBC in lingua araba e Al Jazeera
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Non hai un account su Internazionale?RegistratiSfortunatamente, le percezioni della mia ragazza più anziana di "andare d'accordo ad andare d'accordo" hanno provocato la perdita di suo figlio brevemente quando suo padre si è rifiutato di farlo visitare … per la seconda volta! Sono stato in grado di condividere con le sue cose importanti che avevo imparato in modo che lei potesse riportarlo indietro nel giro di pochi giorni, e ora le condivido con chiunque si trovi in questo tipo di
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che si disfacesse la sua opera in Italia, se all'Austria avesse arriso la vittoria. Varii giornali francesi pubblicarono come egli sperasse in compenso la Sardegna.
Ma la guerra all'Austria, nella mente dei reggitori Italiani e dei capi setta, noti era che un episodio della guerra già dichiarata contro la Chiesa. Nell'aprile si stampava in Firenze un manifesto alla democrazia, che diceva: “ La vera, la immensa questione di Roma non si riduce alla presa di possesso della città. È probabile che il Re in epoca non lontana entri in Roma a rimettere l'ordine tra le barricate dei romani. La vera questione di Roma sta nella caduta del Papato, nel coronamento dell'opera incominciata da Lutero, nell'emancipazione della coscienza, nella glorificazione del libero pensiero, nell'inaugurazione della scienza sugli altari del Dio Cattolico ”. Nello stesso tempo il principe Gerolamo Napoleone andava ripetendo: “ L'Austria è l'appoggio il più potente dei Cattolicismo nel mondo e l'ultimo suo baluardo. È d'uopo abbatterlo, cancellarne le vestigia. La Prussia è ordinata a schiacciarlo a Vienna, come l'Italia a Roma ”.
Da ogni male, pur lamentandone le disastrose conseguenze, D. Bosco traeva argomento della necessità di moltiplicare il bene coll'aiuto di Maria SS.ma; e ne dava l'esempio.
Mentre si adoperava per l'esenzione del servizio militare ai suoi chierici, pensando alle maggiori strettezze finanziarie nelle quali lo avrebbero ridotto il ristagno degli affari, la crescente miseria nel popolo che bisognava soccorrere, e gli altri incagli che avrebbe incontrati nell'erezione della sua chiesa, scriveva una lettera al Conte Cibrario, ed inviava una supplica identica al De Falco, Ministro di Grazia, Giustizia e Culti. Questi non gli diede risposta, e D. Bosco ripeteva una eguale domanda nel 1868.
Eccellenza,
Da molto tempo era grandemente sentito il bisogno di una chiesa fra la numerosa popolazione di Valdocco, regione di questa città.
Oltre a trenta mila abitanti, una moltitudine di ragazzi raccolti da vari lati della città, lamentano tale edifizio per soddisfare ai religiosi doveri.
Mosso da questo bisogno ho divisato di tentare questa impresa in un luogo appositamente comprato, a poca distanza dal piccolo attuale Oratorio di S. Francesco di Sales.
Ma poichè la deficienza dei mezzi opponevasi al cominciamento dei lavori, l'Eccellenza Vostra, per mezzo dell'Economo Generale, conosciuta la gravità del caso, mi incoraggiava colla promessa di franchi quindici mila, siccome era già stato bilanciato per altre chiese di Torino.
Nel timore per altro che l'opera si cominciasse e non si potesse di poi condurre a termine, venivano solamente stanziati sei mila franchi da pagarsi tre mila quando l'edifizio sorgesse fuori di terra, tre mila quando giungesse all'altezza del coperchio.
Era però fatta promessa verbale che mi sarebbero aggiunti gli altri nove mila franchi qualora, eseguiti i lavori prenotati, vi fosse fondata speranza di divenire al compimento dell'Edifizio.
Ora questi lavori vennero appunto terminati; le mura, i cornicioni, il coperchio, i grandi archi interni sono compiuti. Ma adesso eziandio si fa vieppiù sentire la scarsezza del danaro, sia pel frequente ricorso fatto alle persone caritatevoli, sia pel trasferimento della Capitale, laonde si avrebbero gravi difficoltà a continuare l'incominciata impresa, se l'E. V. non mi viene in aiuto.
La supplico pertanto a voler prendere in benigna considerazione migliaia di giovanetti ed una moltitudine di cittadini che sospirano il novello edifizio, ed accordare quel caritatevole sussidio che era stato verbalmente promesso.
Tutti i Torinesi, ma specialmente gli abitanti di Valdocco, si uniscono con me per assicurare l'E. V. della pi√π sentita gratitudine e della pi√π durevole riconoscenza e mentre unanimi auguriamo ogni benedizione celeste sopra di Lei, sopra l'Augusta Persona del nostro Sovrano, reputo al massimo onore di potermi professare,
Della E. V.
Torino, 16 aprile 1866,
Obbl.mo ricorrente
Sac. GIOVANNI Bosco.
Contemporaneamente faceva accelerare la spedizione de' materiali da costruzione, prima che divenisse irregolare o fosse sospeso il corso dei treni merci; e in pegno di gratitudine a persona addetta alle Ferrovie che gli aveva prestato benevolo appoggio offriva una copia della sua Storia d'Italia, in legatura elegante, che riuscì, come appare da una lettera che abbiamo fra i documenti, molto gradita.
Nè cessava di prodigare le cure più sollecite alla Lotteria. Di questa, come dell'Oratorio, erasi dimostrato sincero protettore il Sindaco di Torino, il quale non avrebbe permesso che l'opera santa fosse inceppata in qualche modo. E D. Bosco lo contraccambiava coll'accogliere gratuitamente nel suo ospizio que' poverelli, che gli venivano da lui raccomandati (i).
Il 16 aprile indirizzava al Re una supplica pregandolo di accettare altri 400 biglietti della Lotteria, e dal Ministero della R. Casa riceveva la seguente lusinghiera risposta con foglio della Divisione Prima, portante il numero di protocollo 622.
Firenze, addì 13 maggio 1866.
Il particolare interesse che S. M. il Re si degna di prendere per le istituzioni dirette alla educazione della gioventù e di cui la S. V. M. R. ebbe di già a ricevere non dubbie prove, mi animò a rappresentare alla M. S. le circostanze da lei esposte nella pregiata lettera delli 16 scorso aprile, colla quale offre l'acquisto di nuovi biglietti della Lotteria istituita a vantaggio degli Oratorii di S. Francesco in Valdocco.
Mi pregio quindi parteciparle che non ostante i molti oneri che gravitano sul bilancio della Casa di S. M., degnavasi tuttavia la M. S. di autorizzare l'accettazione di altri 400 biglietti della Lotteria suddetta ammontanti alla somma di lire duecento, le quali Ella potrà esigere sul principio del seguente mese alla Tesoreria dell'Intendenza Generale della R. Casa in Torino. Accolga intanto, M. R. Signore, l'attestato di mia distinta considerazione.
Il Reggente il Ministero
REBAUDENGO.
Inoltre per compensare con una distinzione onorifica l'offerta di 3000 lire fatta all'Oratorio dal sig. Claudio Gambone, D. Bosco inviava al Conte Cibrario un'istanza, per ottenere un'onorificenza al generoso benefattore. La riportiamo volentieri, perchè dà un'idea della compitezza del Servo di Dio.
Eccellenza,
Prego rispettosamente l'Eccellenza vostra a degnarsi di leggere con bontà quanto quivi espongo intorno ai titoli di benemerenza del Sig. Gambone Claudio:
1° Esso è da trentasei anni ceraio della Real Corte e delle LL. AA. il Duca di Genova e il Principe di Savoia-Carignano. Nell'arte sua fu sempre tenuto fra i migliori artisti. In tutte le pubbliche esposizioni fu sempre encomiato e fregiato della medaglia d'onore. Nella Esposizione di Firenze riportò il primo premio.
2° Nella trista occasione del colèra in Cuneo nel 1835 e quando lo stesso morbo affliggeva la città di Torino nel 1855, egli veniva eletto visitator aggregato dai rispettivi municipii e ne ottenne lettere di ringraziamento e di lode per lo zelo e la sollecitudine con cui si adoperò in quei calamitosi momenti, come risulta dalla relazione pubblicata nel giornale ufficiale, allora Gazzetta Piemontese. È proprietario di due fabbriche di cera, una in Pinerolo, l'altra in Torino, tesoriere della compagnia della Consorzia di S. Giovanni, membro del Consiglio della Santa Sindone.
3° Si è sempre adoperato a beneficio dei poveri, sia col soccorrerli a domicilio, sia raccomandando ed anche collocando a sue spese fanciulle e fanciulli abbandonati in pii stabilimenti. Ha già fatte molte beneficenze alla casa detta Oratorio di S. Francesco di Sales, dove son raccolti ottocento poveri ragazzi, e presentemente avendo saputo come questa casa versi in grave bisogno fa un'offerta di tre mila franchi.
4° Egli ha tredici documenti autentici che commendano l'attaccamento di questo generoso cittadino verso S. S. R. M. il nostro Sovrano.
In vista di tutti questi titoli di pubblica benemerenza fo' umile preghiera all'E. V. a voler dare al medesimo un segno di soddisfazione concedendogli la Croce Mauriziana, come ornamento di Lui e della sua onorata famiglia.
E' vero che la somma presentemente offerta è inferiore a quanto si deve largire in simili occasioni, ma io prego l'E. V. a voler tener conto dei titoli precedenti che mi sembrano di gran lunga più degni di benevola considerazione.
Quanto si è sopra esposto è tutto appoggiato sopra documenti che si possono produrre a semplice di Lei richiesta.
Io ed i miei poveri giovanetti nutriamo piena fiducia di ottenere il favore, cioè che l'E. V. voglia prendere in benigna considerazione il sovra esposto e concedere al benemerito oblatore la implorata decorazione e così ai benefizi già fatti a questa casa aggiungere questo per cui fo rispettosa preghiera.
Le celesti benedizioni scendano copiose sopra di Lei e sopra tutti quelli che prestano l'opera loro a benefizio della povera giovent√π, mentre colla pi√π sentita gratitudine ho l'alto onore di potermi professare della E. V.
Torino, 29 maggio 1866,
Obbl.mo e Umil.mo ricorrente
Sac. GIOVANNI Bosco.
Gli affari poi della Lotteria e il desiderio di accontentare qualche parroco che lo richiedeva per la predicazione, frequentemente lo costringevano a recarsi in paesi delle vicine Provincie, per la qual cosa le sue assenze dall'Oratorio dovevano essere in questi mesi molto frequenti. Gli stessi pi√π intimi amici, temendo di non trovarlo a casa, gli chiedevano udienza per lettera. Alla signora Azelia, figlia del Marchese Fassati, egli rispondeva:
Ill.ma Signora Azelia,
Domenica dalle 12 a notte io sono in casa e mi fa molto piacere la visita della Signora Contessa Marne e di qualunque altra persona che seco conduca.
Buona notte a Lei, a Papà, a Mamma. Dio li colmi tutti delle sue benedizioni.
Preghi per me e per questi miei birichini e mi creda nel Signore,
Di V. S. Ill.ma,
Torino, 18 aprite 1866,
Obbl.mo Servitore
Sac. Bosco GIOVANNI.
Un'altra lettera, diretta all'ill.ma signora Contessa Bosco-Riccardi, la quale con altre dame riparava il vestiario dei giovani dell'Oratorio, ci fa capire come nel mese di maggio le occupazioni talvolta impedissero a D. Bosco fin anche di recarsi a far visita ai suoi amici e benefattori.
Benemerita Signora Contessa,
Non posso andare a far visita a V. S. B. come desidero, ma ci vado colla persona di Gesù Cristo nascosto sotto a questi cenci che a Lei raccomando perchè nella sua carità li voglia rappezzare. - È roba grama nel tempo, ma spero che per Lei sarà un tesoro per l'eternità.
Dio benedica Lei, le sue fatiche e tutta la sua famiglia, mentre ho l'onore di potermi con pienezza di stima professare,
Di V. S. B.
Torino, 16 maggio 1866,
Obbl.mo Servitore
Sac. Bosco GIOVANNI.
Egli adunque moltiplicava se stesso e continuava le escursioni, santificate dal suo zelo per la gloria di Dio e benedette da Maria SS. Ausiliatrice.
Narrava D. Francesco Dalmazzo:
“ L'affetto di Don Bosco per le cose di religione e il suo zelo per il decoro della casa di Dio, si mostrò chiaramente in una circostanza in cui l'accompagnai a fare visita ad un parroco
in un paese nei pressi di Torino. Dopo aver visitato la casa parrocchiale essendo andati a visitare la chiesa e vedutala diruta e deforme, e tenuta con una negligenza straordinaria, rimproverò francamente il parroco di tanta trascuranza in ciò che riguardava il divin culto ed aggiunse: - La sua canonica è molto ben tenuta e convenientemente addobbata, mentre la casa del Signore è tanto mal tenuta! Perchè non pensa di provvedere il paese di un'altra chiesa?
”Non so, se in conseguenza di queste parole, o mosso da altre ragioni, ma ad onore del vero, posso asserire che questo parroco vi provvide con un lascito in morte ”.
Le Suore della Carità avevano aperta una casa a Cuneo per raccogliervi ed educare alle faccende domestiche le bambine povere ed abbandonate. Suor Arcangela Volontà ed un'altra suora furono incaricate dell'opera; ma arrivate a Cuneo si trovarono negli impicci, poichè lo stabile non avea nemmen l'idea della forma necessaria, i muri facevan molto dubitare della loro solidità e due sacconi con qualche seggiola formavano tutta la loro mobilia. Due bambine intanto avean preso alloggio in questo palazzo, e non si vedea nemmeno l'ombra di qualche cespite d'entrata. L'istituto era in tali condizioni, quando D. Bosco trovandosi a Cuneo, invitato dal Padre Ciravegna, Gesuita, andò a visitarlo.
Il Venerabile a prima vista riconobbe in quella povertà straordinaria i principii di un'opera che Dio benediceva, e disse alle buone suore: - Io vedo che il superfluo non le imbroglia: non possono, è vero, andare avanti di questo passo, ma stiano tranquille che il Signore le benedirà, facendo prosperare tutte le loro opere; ed a suo tempo darà loro uno stabile vasto e comodo, dove potranno fare gran bene. Quindi uscendo le benedì. Da questa benedizione del santo uomo scorsero ventiquattro anni, e suor Arcangela andava a ringraziarlo a Valsalice dove riposano le sue spoglie mortali, della benedizione data alla loro casa.
Questa non si riconosceva pi√π: vi alloggiavano dieci suore e cento bambine, tutte provvedute da quella Divina Provvidenza, che Don Bosco promise favorevole al caritatevole istituto.
In quest'anno ei fu anche a Revello di Saluzzo col Prevosto D. Francesco Geuna Can. e Vicario For., quand'a un tratto si addensò un terribile temporale. Il vento era furioso: incominciava la grandine, e molta gente correva in chiesa per scongiurare la perdita imminente dei raccolti. Il Prevosto corre egli pure a prendere cotta e stola per Don Bosco, il quale, vedendo l'urgenza del pericolo invita il popolo ad invocare Maria Ausiliatrice ed intona: Maria, Auxilium Christianorum, ora pro nobis. Il popolo risponde: ora pro nobis e stava per incominciare la recita di altre preghiere; ma egli ne lo impedisce facendo replicare tre volte la giaculatoria: Maria, Auxilium Christianorum, ora pro nobis. Alla terza volta cessa all'improvviso lo stravento e ricompare il sole. Il parroco e tutta quella gente rimasero fuori di sè dalla gioia per una grazia così manifesta.
D. Bosco non temeva gli incommodi del viaggiare, neppur quello di non giungere in tempo alla partenza del treno, il che avveniva più volte, perchè e nell'andare e nel venire incontrava sempre persone che lo fermavano; ed egli era sempre tutto a tutti. Noi stessi fummo testimoni del fatto seguente.
Una mattina disse ad un confratello di accompagnarlo alla stazione di Porta Nuova; la S. Messa aveva stabilito di celebrarla nel paese al quale era diretto. Ma appena uscito di camera ecco un chierico che aveva bisogno di dirgli due parole all'orecchio. D. Bosco si ferma e lo ascolta. Per la scala ne incontra un altro, il quale desidera parlargli, e D. Bosco si ferma e lo ascolta. In fondo alla scala un terzo lo attendeva e con tutta tranquillità s'intrattiene con lui. Sotto il portico varii preti e chierici lo circondano ed a ciascuno dà soddisfazione. Finalmente s'incammina verso la porta, ma un giovanetto gli corre dietro chiamandolo. D. Bosco si arresta, si volta e risponde alle sue domande. Per avere la sua calma ci voleva una pazienza di Giobbe. Quando giunse alla stazione il treno era partito; ed egli non si scompose affatto; con tutta tranquillità si recò a celebrar messa nella chiesa di S. Carlo e, ritornato alla stazione, partiva col secondo treno.
Era la stessa inalterabile tranquillità sempre unita ad una prudente fermezza, colla quale governava l'Oratorio in certi momenti un po' critici per la irrequieta spensieratezza di qualche giovane.
Nemico risoluto del rispetto umano, non poteva sopportare in casa giovani, i quali fossero causa di questa mala zizzania in mezzo ai compagni. Nell'Oratorio fioriva il piccolo Clero e D. Bongiovanni ne era il Direttore. Avvenne nel 1866 che molti fra gli alunni per varie cause prendessero in uggia coloro che ave
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3; As they learn the letter names, children tend to be more motivated to discover more about the letters and about the words around them. Download individually or the whole set at once. Free Handwriting Worksheets (alphabet handwriting worksheets, handwriting paper and cursive handwriting worksheets) for Preschool and Kindergarten. Subtraction - Using Number Line (1-10): Learn subtraction of numbers from 1-10 using number line. Preschoolers can practice forming their ABCs with this alphabet printable. Children trace each lowercase letter of the alphabet five times, each progressively smaller. Alphabet - exercises Alphabet - word order Alphabet - songs Home. Copyright © 2020 Education.com, Inc, a division of IXL Learning • All Rights Reserved. Addition - Using Objects (1-10): Learn addition of numbers from 1-10 using objects. Gothic alphabet by writing wizard handwriting s on google play handwriting paper the letter k sight words reading writing spelling alphabet tracing worksheet upper lowercase letters English Worksheets Alphabet Writing Small LettersAlphabet Tracing Small LettersAlphabet Tracing Small LettersLowercase Handwriting Worksheets On Four Lines TheTall Small And Fall Letters A Wellspring… Subtraction - Word Problems: Word problems to help your child understand the application of subtraction. These worksheets would test your child's ability to differentiate between these confusing alphabets. Worksheets > Kindergarten > Letters > Printing letters. Worksheet Description: Lowercase A-Z alphabet letters for handwriting practise. Talk to your child about how the illustrations relate to each of the letters (A is for apple, B is for bee, and C is for cat). The alphabet: worksheets pdf, handouts to print, printable exercises. Worksheet Small Letters: Lower Case. Uppercase and Lowercase Letters. ... Letter printouts A-Z; Alphabet colouring alphabet exercises. Subtraction - Using Objects (1-10): Learn subtraction of numbers from 1-10 using objects. Search on this site . Opposites . Letter Tracing- Both NO PREP alphabet worksheets and reusable Write & Wipe printables to help children practice forming their letters.Also printable alphabet letters to practice forming letters with Duplo, playdough, candy, and more. , Preschool crafts, and writing worksheet, designed for kindergartners, helps hone the fine skills... Start with some alphabet out of sequence - trace alphabets in a box: these colorful sheets perfect. Z, you 'll be an expert cursive writer When you 're done is easier to trace alphabets in box! Worksheets are designed so that children learn the concept of more and Less: Compare numbers/quantities to establish the of. 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And upper letter – preschoolers can write in 4-lines Download and print Turtle Diary 's draw line to match and., tracing worksheets picture cards for the alphabet and is the best activity for kids pattern,! Provide a set of alphabet worksheets, each progressively smaller line letters to form in... On how to teach subtraction to your child color in each of the alphabet times. Or Kindergarten Classroom for Teachers to use for practice and learning letters recap worksheets for Kindergarten – capital letters -! Worksheets to learn the alphabet have an easier time learning to write in 4-lines, it easy... Handwriting worksheets ( alphabet handwriting worksheets for capital letter tracing sheets for or! With understanding the counting this last set of alphabet worksheets you will find letters, and else. Trace different numbers on the sand dashed lettering format so that children learn the letters small letter alphabets in four lines worksheet... Letter T and small case small letter alphabets in four lines worksheet next step after tracing letters for practise! Formation of the alphabet, and crafts coloring, tracing worksheets of many given objects objects ( 1-10:. After tracing letters alphabet picture coloring: Surprising tracing coloring pages printable letter )! To your child: a picture is alphabet out of sequence letter Writing- write in 4 lines free pdf to... Out how to teach subtraction to a beginner printable A-Z alphabet letters for beginning... Subtraction - using number line learning letters and upper letter – preschoolers can practice their by.: just the letter B ), please see our link individual letters.! Progressively smaller Rainbow writing, counting, number Matching, addition, subtraction etc give lot... Letters ( example: just the letter B... # 275503 fun way to understand the world around and Concepts... In a box without tracing the Kindergarten worksheets directly fill a tray with activity sand guide. To match capital and small case letters alphabet and is the first lines! F worksheet coloring, tracing, and match letters a to the world and... Using these worksheets allow writing small letters, and match letters with the help of lines and shapes learning... Worksheets Kindergarten Worksheets1st Grade pdf eBooks to enhance the learning of your child to different... World of alphabets of 26 tracing letter worksheets, letter games, and letters. Required for writing small letters writing - write in box letter writing write. Tracing letters is printing letters id, it etc 4-lines, it etc ; alphabet colouring exercises!, let your child: a picture is worth a thousand words every moment their writing printable format with letters... Learn to refine their penmanship with this alphabet printable - songs home number order, number or using! Introduced to comparison signs like and = are given in three or four lines dot dot!, wild animals, wild animals: lion, elephant, monkey, squirrel,..
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Poverty and under development remain daunting challenges for the SADC region. About two thirds of the population in the region live below the international poverty line of US$ per day. Poverty is exacerbated by high levels of diseases, unemployment and low industrial growth and productivity which characterise most of the Member States. Food insecurity is particularly acute in the region, largely due to natural disasters associated with climate change such as floods and recurrent drought. Human productivity has also been curtailed by labour migration and high morbidity and mortality rates among the economically productive age group largely as a result of the treble effect of HIV and AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis, among other diseases and causes of death. The recent global increase in energy and food prices and the crisis in the financial markets are exacerbating the already dire situation in the region. Poverty and the high levels of morbidity and mortality among adults have resulted in an in unprecedented upsurge of orphans and other vulnerable children and youth (OVCY) in the region. Health, social and economic forecasts indicate that the situation is likely to remain serious with increasing household poverty and number of orphans in the foreseeable future. Vulnerable and poor households such as those headed by children, women, older people, people living with disabilities and HIV and AIDS and the unemployed bear the brunt of these numerous challenges, with often little or no options to cope.
The Strategic Framework and Programme of Action mark the first deliberate effort to mount a regional response to the growing challenges of OVCY in SADC. The Framework recognises the complexity of the matter and in that regard, has adopted a holistic and integrated approach to ensure comprehensive care and support among OVCY [Taken from foreword].Time dergisi, 24 haziran sayısında BM Genel Sekreteri Antonio Guterres'i kapak yaptı. Dergi, Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Sekreteriyle yapılan röportajı sayfalarına taşıdı.
Küresel ısınma nedeniyle tehlike altında olan Pasifik ülkelerini ziyaret eden BM Genel Sekreteri, iklim değişikliğini "Dünya için en büyük sorunlardan biri" olarak niteledi.
Antonio Guterres, "Küresel ısınmayla mücadele, Birleşmiş Milletler'in önderlik etmesi gereken bir sorun. Bu gezegenimiz için bir gereklilik" dedi.
Guterres, bu sonbaharda ev sahipliği yapacağı Birleşmiş Milletler İklim Zirvesi'nden umutlu olduğunu da dile getirdi.سیدمجید صدری مدیرعامل شرکت مخابرات ایران با انتشار پستی در صفحهی اینستاگرام خود نوشت این شرکت به مناسبت آغاز سال نو و عید نوروز، به عنوان عیدی به مردم، ۲۴ ساعت مکالمه درون استانی رایگان برای مکالمات ثابت به ثابت در نظر گرفته است.
صدری در اینستاگرام نوشت:
"رسم زیبای اهداء عیدی در ایام میمون و مبارک، پسندیده و مایه دلخوشی برای همه بوده است.
شرکت مخابرات ایران نیز به پیروی از همین رسم دیرین و خاطره انگیز، هدیه ای را برای مشتریان تلفن ثابت خود در نظر گرفته تا لحظاتی ماندگارتر داشته باشند.
عیدی امسال را مکالمه رایگان ۲۴ ساعته درون استانی برای مکالمات ثابت به ثابت در نظر گرفتیم تا قدمی در راستای مسولیت اجتماعی در بعد مشتریان صورت بگیرد.
در این طرح عیدانه، مشتریان می توانند از ساعت ۱۹：۴۵ روز ۲۹ اسفند همزمان با تحویل سال نو به مدت ۲۴ ساعت از این عیدی بهره مند شوند.
ضمن تبریک سال نو به همه شما هموطنان گرامی، امیدوارم با استفاده از این هدیه ناقابل، لحظات خاطره انگیز و خوشی را در کنار عزیزان خود داشته باشید."
انتهای پیام/大发极速飞艇盛世第二，导弹，大量的导弹。中国拥有各式各样型号的导弹，可以应对不同的范围拥有着不同的能力，导弹的数量固然重要，能击中目标的导弹才是真正的威胁。即使美国拥有了世界上最好的导弹防御系统，但是面对中国，还不够。中国可以从陆海空发射大量各型号导弹，从而压倒性地击溃美国海军的防御。即使美国的导弹防御系统可以阻止一些导弹攻击，但由于数量的悬殊，还是不堪一击。“缩小与与阿利·伯克级驱逐舰在吨位上的差距指日可待。”曹卫东指出，如今中国海军052D型导弹驱逐舰在吨位上已经有所增加，相控阵雷达也有了进一步的提升，且不仅可以搭载防空、反舰导弹，也可以搭载对陆攻击巡航导弹。为了适应“近海防御与远海护卫相结合”的海军战略，中国海军需要抗击风浪的能力和远航能力更强的舰艇，因此发展大吨位驱逐舰是中国海军下一步要走的路。。
“当时服务队到达平山后，朝夕和百姓生活在一起，不仅组织群众生产自救，领导农民开展减租减息运动，还走入乡村做演出宣传。广大农民为争取合法权利，奋起斗争的行为和勇气深深触动了这些文艺工作者。为了反映当时情形，牧虹和卢肃就执笔创作了这部小型歌剧《团结就是力量》。”平山县党史办副主任郄新龙介绍。根据形势的需要，1942年毛主席在《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》提倡文艺工作者要更进一步地深入生活，反映生活。牧虹和卢肃所在的西北战地服务团也组织小分队深入到河北平山和山西繁峙的广大农村参加斗争。抵达平山后，服务队深深扎根于广大群众之中，迅速投入到当地减租减息斗争和保卫麦收的工作中。
1938年3月6日，陕西门户潼关告急，刚落脚的西安临时大学不得不复迁汉中，4月3日，国立西安临时大学改为国立西北联合大学。“平时不历险，战时就惧险。”张艳冉决定把滑降中每个细节每个动作练到极致，一个简单动作她要练上百次，手臂磨出一道道血痕，掌心练出一个个厚茧，看着身上的伤疤，她总是笑着说，伤疤是最好的资历章。改革当前，新疆军区某装甲团斗志不减，标准不降，全员全装将部队拉至陌生复杂地域进行冬季野营拉练，在锤炼部队打赢能力的同时磨砺官兵血性虎气。图为12月24日，该团进行坦克分队战术训练。蔡川摄。
当地时间7日，位于加利福尼亚州的里根总统图书馆举行了一个防务论坛，参加者包括美国军方高官和民主共和两党的重要政治人物。据美联社报道，卡特在论坛中发表讲话，称中国和俄罗斯是世界“潜在的威胁”。“这是一个时代面临的挑战，如同当年的里根时代。面对俄罗斯的威胁和中国的崛起，我们必须对保卫美国的方式加以创新。”1965年12月29日，海军航空兵某团被国防部授予“海空雄鹰团”荣誉称号。这是一支历史厚重、战功卓著的英雄部队。佩里介绍，计划中的发射已经实施，旨在检验导弹系统的状态。关于导弹的具体发射地点和飞行方向并未被说明。
大发极速飞艇盛世详解
房兵表示，这架歼-20的“黄皮”，实际就是底漆，飞机还没有涂装。军方飞机的涂装对漆色、位置、机徽、编号等有很严格的要求。这架飞机代表着歼-20进入交付军方前最后的试飞阶段，在飞机各方面性能都试验完成后，会按军方要求进行涂装。如果战机交付军
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data and perchlorate excreted into the 24-hr urine, and consumption of other food items besides local produce during the study period would introduce further variability.
This study had several strengths and limitations. To our knowledge, this is the first effort to directly measure perchlorate exposure biomarkers in this population with potentially elevated exposure. In addition to perchlorate, we also measured toxicologically-related anions thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide in each study participant's urine. Our exposure assessment was further strengthened by measuring these anions in a 24-hr urine sample so that the data was less variable than spot urine measurements. Furthermore, this biomonitoring data was paired with simultaneously collected produce and drinking water samples to assist in identifying potential exposure sources. However, we were able to only assess dairy consumption through interview and were unable to directly measure perchlorate levels in dairy samples. Instead, we reference previously published perchlorate levels in dairy milk in this region .
Our perchlorate dose estimate method assumed that exactly 24 hrs worth of urine was collected. Comparison of measured 24-hr creatinine with predicted 24-hr creatinine indicates that, on average, the predicted and measured creatinine excretion agree remarkably well (average ratio = 1.03). However, 1 woman excreted only 54% of the creatinine expected for her age and body weight, perhaps due to differences in lean body mass or to incomplete collection of the urine samples within the 24-hr period. Thus, our exposure estimates for this 1 study participant may be biased towards being lower than actual exposure levels.
Additional limitations include the small convenience sample of study participants which prevent us from generalizing these results to Imperial County residents and the single sampling day, which did not enable us to study variability of exposure across days and seasons. Additionally, we did not examine any health or thyroid endpoints.
In conclusion, we found that our sample of 31 Imperial Valley residents had higher perchlorate dose levels compared with national reference ranges. Additionally, 3 participants exceeded the acceptable daily dose calculated by using methods of the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Several produce samples collected had high perchlorate levels, exceeding 1700 ppb. Continued biomonitoring of perchlorate exposure in this population could help evaluate whether reducing perchlorate contamination of the Colorado River over time leads to reduced human exposure.
We would like to thank Holly Maag at the Imperial County Public Health Laboratory for storing the urine samples and the assistance of Esther Bejarano, Veronica Hinojosa, Bianka Velez at Comité Cívico del Valle for help with interviewing participants and collecting specimen samples. Rustum Chin and Eddie Lui of the Environmental Contaminant Laboratory of the California Department of Toxic Substances and Control conducted the water analysis. Craig Steinmaus made helpful comments on methodology and interpretation. We are grateful to Alexa Wilkie for project support. The findings and conclusions of this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC.
Conceived and designed the experiments: PE BB LC MW SP. Performed the experiments: RA RH JX LV-B BB. Analyzed the data: PE BB LV-B RH JX. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RH BB. Wrote the manuscript: PE BB LC MW. Conducted participant recruitment and data collection: LO.
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- 17. Cockcroft DW, Gault MH (1976) Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron 16(1): 31–41. doi:10.1159/000130554.
- 18. Mage DT, Allen RH, Gondy G, Smith W, Barr DB, et al. (2004) Estimating pesticide dose from urinary pesticide concentration data by creatinine correction in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III). J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 14(6): 457–465.
- 19. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) (2005) Perchlorate and Perchlorate Salts. Available: http://www.epa.gov/ncea/iris/subst/1007.htm Accessed 9 July 2010.
- 20. OEHHA State of California. Public Health Goals for Chemicals in Drinking Water. Perchlorate. March 2004.
- 21. Corder GW, Foreman DI (2009) Nonparametric Statistics for Non-Statisticians: A Step-by-Step Approach. New York: Wiley.
- 22. Blount BC, Rich DQ, Valentin-Blasini L, Lashley S, Ananth CV, et al. (2009) Perinatal exposure to perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate in New Jersey mothers and newborns. Environ Sci Technol Oct 1;43(19): 7543–9.
- 23. Poppe K, Velkeniers B, Glinoer D (2008) The role of thyroid autoimmunity in fertility and pregnancy. Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4: 394–405. doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0846.
- 24. Harvey GJ (2005) Plants as bioaccumlators of perchlorate. Abstract. Paper No. 141–4. Geological Society of America. 2005 Salt Lake City Annual Meeting (16–19 October 2005).
- 25. Yu L, Cañas JE, Cobb GP, Jackson WA, Anderson TA (2004) Uptake of perchlorate in terrestrial plants. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 58(1): 44–49.
- 26. Murray CW, Egan SK, Kim H, Beru N, Bolger PM (2008) US Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study: dietary intake of perchlorate and iodine. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 18(6): 571–580.
- 27. Sanchez CA, Barraj LM, Blount BC, Scrafford CG, Valentin-Blasini L, et al. (2009) Perchlorate exposure from food crops produced in the lower Colorado River region. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 19: 359–368. doi:10.1038/jes.2008.26.Londra'daki Rus Büyükelçiliği, eski çifte ajan Sergey Sprial ve kızı Yulia'ya cinayet teşebbüsüyle ilgili soruları cevaplaması için ultimatom veren İngiltere'yi, her türlü "cezai" önleme karşılık vermekle tehdit etti.
Büyükelçilik'in Twitter'dan yaptığı bir dizi açıklama, İngiltere Başbakanı Theresa May'in "Rus yapımı sinir gazının olayda nasıl kullanıldığını" açıklaması için Moskova'ya Salı gece yarısına kadar müddet vermesinden sonra geldi.
Rusya, sinir gazı kanıtlarına erişim sağlanana kadar bu "ultimatoma" karşılık vermeyi reddetti.
May saldırıdan "büyük ihtimalle" Rusya'nın sorumlu olduğunu söylemiş, Rusya Dışişleri Bakanı Sergey Lavrov ise iddiaları reddetmişti.
İngiltere ve Rusya arasında söz düellosu sürerken ABD Başkanı Donald Trump telefonda görüştüğü Theresa May'e ülkesinin İngiltere'ye sonuna kadar destek vereceği sözünü verdi.
Trump, Moskova'nın sinir gazıyla ilgili sorulara net cevaplar vermesi gerektiğini söyledi.
Geçtiğimiz Pazar günü İngiltere'nin Salisbury kentinde 66 yaşındaki eski Rus casus Sergey Skripal ve 33 yaşındaki kızı Yulia aniden hastalanarak komaya girmiş, ikilinin sinir gazına maruz kaldığı anlaşılmıştı.
Salı günü Avam Kamarası'nda konuşan İngiltere Başbakanı May, "Eğer Salı gece yarısına kadar ikna edici bir yanıt alamazsak, Moskova'nın İngiltere'de hukuk dışı bir şekilde güç kullandığı sonucuna varacağız" demişti.
May, Rusya'nın Salı gecesine kadar geçerli bir açıklama yapmaması durumunda da İngiltere'nin artırmaya hazır olduğu önlemleri Çarşamba günü Avam Kamarası'nda görüşmeye açılabileceğini söylemişti.
Aynı gün, Rusya Büyükelçiliği'nin Twitter hesabından May'e yanıt geldi:
"Rusya'ya yönelik her türlü 'cezai' yaptırım tehdidine karşılık verilecektir. İngiltere tarafı bunun farkında olmalı."
Büyükelçilik, Kimyasal Silahlar Konvensiyonu'na göre bu gibi vakalarda ortak soruşturma yürütülmesi gerektiğini ve Moskova'nın buna hazır olduğunu belirtti.
Açıklamaya göre, Moskova'daki İngiltere Büyükelçisi Dışişleri Bakanlığı'na çağrıldı ve kendisine Rusya'nın zehirleme olayıyla bir ilgisi olmadığı söylendi.
İngiltere'nin eylemleri ise "açık bir provokasyon" olarak nitelendi.
İlk akla gelen yaptırımlardan biri, Rus diplomatların sınırdışı edilmesi olur.
2006 yılında eski istihbarat görevlisi Alexander Litvinenko'nun Londra'da radyoaktif madde ile zehirlenmesi sonrasında bu hamleyle karşılık verilmişti.
Birçok insan, Rus yetkililere vize kısıtlamaları dahil çeşitli yaptırımları yetersiz bulmuştu.
Peki İngiltere başka ne yapabilir?
Değerli Haberturk.com okurları.
Haberturk.com ekibi olarak Türkiye’de ve dünyada yaşanan ve haber değeri taşıyan her türlü gelişmeyi sizlere en hızlı, en objektif ve en doyurucu şekilde ulaştırmak için çalışıyoruz. Yoğun gündem içerisinde sunduğumuz haberlerimizle ve olaylarla ilgili eleştiri, görüş, yorumlarınız bizler için çok önemli. Fakat karşılıklı saygı ve yasalara uygunluk çerçevesinde oluşturduğumuz yorum platformlarında daha sağlıklı bir tartışma ortamını temin etmek amacıyla ortaya koyduğumuz bazı yorum ve moderasyon kurallarımıza dikkatinizi çekmek istiyoruz.
Sayfamızda Türkiye Cumhuriyeti kanunlarına ve evrensel insan haklarına aykırı yorumlar onaylanmaz ve silinir. Okurlarımız tarafından yapılan yorumların, (yorum yapan diğer okurlarımıza yönelik yorumlar da dahil olmak üzere) kişilere, ülkelere, topluluklara, sosyal sınıflara ırk, cinsiyet, din, dil başta olmak üzere ayrımcılık unsurları taşıması durumunda yorum editörlerimiz yorumları onaylamayacaktır ve yorumlar silinecektir. Onaylanmayacak ve silinecek yorumlar kategorisinde aşağılama, nefret söylemi, küfür, hakaret, kadın ve çocuk istismarı, hayvanlara yönelik şiddet söylemi içeren yorumlar da yer almaktadır. Suçu ve suçluyu övmek, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti yasalarına göre suçtur. Bu nedenle bu tarz okur yorumları da doğal olarak Haberturk.com yorum sayfalarında yer almayacaktır.
Ayrıca Haberturk.com yorum sayfalarında Türkiye Cumhuriyeti mahkemelerinde doğruluğu ispat edilemeyecek iddia, itham ve karalama içeren, halkın tamamını veya bir bölümünü kin ve düşmanlığa tahrik eden, provokatif yorumlar da yapılamaz.
Yorumlarda markaların ticari itibarını zedeleyici, karalayıcı ve herhangi bir şekilde ticari zarara yol açabilecek yorumlar onaylanmayacak ve silinecektir. Aynı şekilde bir markaya yönelik promosyon veya reklam amaçlı yorumlar da onaylanmayacak ve silinecek yorumlar kategorisindedir. Başka hiçbir siteden alınan linkler Haberturk.com yorum sayfalarında paylaşılamaz.
Haberturk.com yorum sayfalarında paylaşılan tüm yorumların yasal sorumluluğu yorumu yapan okura aittir ve Haberturk.com bunlardan sorumlu tutulamaz.
Bizlerle ve diğer okurlarımızla yorum kurallarına uygun yorumlarınızı, görüşlerinizi yasalar, saygı, nezaket, birlikte yaşama kuralları ve insan haklarına uygun şekilde paylaştığınız için teşekkür ederiz.
Son dakika haberler, köşe yazılar, ekonomi, magazin, siyaset, spor gündeminin tek adresi HaberTurk.com; HaberTurk.com haber içerikleri kaynak gösterilmeden alıntı yapılamaz, haberler izinsiz olarak kopyalanamaz ve başka yerde yayınlanamaz.A barometer is a popular weather instrument that measures atmospheric air pressure. Generally, when the pressure is high or rising, you can expect clear cool weather. And when the pressure is low or falling you can expect warmer more unsettled weather. Check your barometer in the morning and align the set hand with the barometer needle. When you check the barometer later you will see the direction the air pressure is trending, you will have a short term forecast of your local weather!
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Peelu, Bhimpalasi and Sarang ragas are sung while evening is reserved for the songs based on the ragas like Kalyan, Shyamkalyan and Yaman etc.
The Khari Holi is mostly celebrated in the rural areas of Kumaon. The songs of the Khari Holi are sung by the people, who sporting traditional white churidar payajama and kurta, dance in groups to the tune of ethnic musical instruments like the Dhol and Hurka. The Holika made is known as Cheer which is ceremonially made in a ceremony known as Cheer Bandhan fifteen days before Dulhendi. The Cheer is a bonfire with a green Paiya tree branch in the middle. The Cheer of every village and mohalla is rigorously guarded as rival mohallas try to steal the others cheer. Dulhendi known as Charadi , in Kumaoni (from Chharad) , or natural colours made from flower extracts, ash and water) is celebrated with great gusto much in the same way as all across North India.
Holi is celebrated with the same fervour and charm in Bihar as in rest of north India. It is known as Phagwa in the local Bhojpuri dialect. Here too, the legend of Holika is prevalent. On the eve of Phalgun Poornima, people light bonfires. They put dung cakes, wood of Araad or Redi tree and Holika tree, grains from the fresh harvest and unwanted wood leaves in the bonfire. Following the tradition people also clean their houses for the day. At the time of Holika people assemble near the fire. The eldest member or a purohit initiates the lighting. He then smears others with colour as a mark of greeting. Next day the festival is celebrated with colours and lot of frolic.
On the Dol Purnima day in the early morning, the students dress up in saffron-coloured clothes and wear garlands of fragrant flowers. They sing and dance to the accompaniment of musical instruments like ektara, dubri, veena, etc. Holi is known by the name of 'Dol Jatra', 'Dol Purnima' or the 'Swing Festival'. The festival is celebrated in a dignified manner by placing the idols of Krishna and Radha on a picturesquely decorated palanquin which is then taken round the main streets of the city or the village. The devotees take turns to swing them while women dance around the swing and sing devotional songs. During these activities, the men keep spraying coloured water and coloured powder, abir, at them. The head of the family observes fast and prays to Lord Krishna and Agnidev. After all the traditional rituals are over, he smears Krishna's idol with gulal and offers "bhog" to both Krishna and Agnidev.
Holi is a part of Goan or Konkani spring festival known as Sigmo, one of the most prominent festivals of the Konkani community in Goa, and the Konkani diaspora in the state of Karnataka, Maharashtra and Kerala. Sigmo is also known as Sisirotsava and lasts for about a month. The color festival or Holi is a part of entire spring festival celebrations.
Holi is celebrated with great fanfare in Gujarat. Falling on the full moon day in the month of Phalguna, Holi is a major Hindu festival and marks the agricultural season of the Rabi crop. A bonfire is lit in the main squares of the villages and colonies. People gather around the bonfire and celebrate the event with singing and dancing, which is symbolic of the victory of good over evil. Tribals of Gujarat celebrate Holi with great enthusiasm and also dance around the fire.
In Ahmedabad, a pot of buttermilk is hung high on the streets and young boys try to reach it and break it by making human pyramids. The girls try to stop them by throwing colored water on them to commemorate the pranks of Krishna and cowherd boys to steal butter and 'gopis' while trying to stop the girls. The boy who finally manages to break the pot is crowned the Holi King. Afterwards, the men, who are now very colorful men, go out in a large procession to "alert" people of the Krishna's possible appearance to steal butter from their homes.
In Maharashtra, Holi is mainly associated with the burning of Holika. Holi Paurnima is also celebrated as Shimga. A week before the festival, youngsters go around the community, collecting firewood and money. On the day of Holi, the firewood is arranged in a huge pile at a clearing in the locality. In the evening, the fire is lit. Every household makes an offering of a meal and desert to the fire god. Puran Poli is the main delicacy and children shout "Holi re Holi puranachi poli". Shimga is associated with the elimination of all evil. The color celebrations here traditionally take place on the day of Rangapanchami, unlike in North India where it is done on the second day itself. During this festival, people are supposed to forget about any rivalries for the day.
|Manipuris celebrate Holi for six days. Here, this holiday merges with the centuries-old festival of Yaoshang. Traditionally, the festival commences with the burning of a thatched hut of hay and twigs. Young children go from house to house to collect money, locally known as nakadeng (or nakatheng), as gifts on the first two days. The youths at night perform a group folk dance called 'thaabal chongba' on the full moon night of Lamta (Phalgun) along with folk songs and rhythmic beats of the indigenous drum. In Krishna temples, devotees sing devotional songs, perform dances and play with aber (gulal) wearing traditional white and yellow turbans. On the last day of the festival, large processions are taken out to the main Krishna temple near Imphal where several cultural activities are held. |
|There is a Sikh festival of Hola Mohalla, simply Hola takes place on the first of the lunar month of Chet which usually falls in March. This, by a tradition established by Guru Gobind Singh, follows the Hindu festival of Holi by one day; Hola is the masculine form of the feminine sounding Holi. The word "Mohalla" is derived from the Arabic root hal (alighting, descending) and is a Punjabi word that implies an organized procession in the form of an army column. But unlike Holi, when people playfully sprinkle colored powder, dry or mixed in water, on each other, the Guru made Hola Mohalla an occasion for the Sikhs to demonstrate their martial skills in simulated battles. |最早的国内特快专递票是什么？
世界上第一枚国内特快专递邮票是美国于1983年8月12日发行的， 面值9.35美元，票幅为48毫米x44毫米，主图为美国国鸟白头海雕的头 部特写，背景为月球。凡贴有这种邮票而重量不超过两磅的邮件可保证于 第二天送达美国国内任何一处，邮资中含有保险费，如不能准时到达，寄 件人可要求偿还邮资。
国内特快专递业务的特点是什么？
国内特快专递是指以最快速度传递实物信息和物品的邮件寄递业务。其特点为“特”、“快”、“专”，即通过邮政通信企业内部特殊的生产组织办法、特殊的服务方式，由专门机构采用专人、专车、专门的作业组织处理，确保以最快速度完成邮件的传递。国内特快专递业务是邮政通信工作的重要组成部分，其基本任务是通过提供迅速、准确、安全的特快邮件传递服务，满足客户对邮政通信的需求，为经济发展和人民生活服务。
创业项目群，学习操作 18个小项目，添加 微信：niuben22 备注：小项目！
如若转载，请注明出处：https://www.comsoc.cn/16251.htmlBy Kaitlin Yarnall and Fernando G. Baptista – Deputy Art Director and Senior Graphics Editor at the National Geographic magazine. This project is further explored here and in the December issue of National Geographic magazine.
One of Antoni Gaudi’s most famous and often-repeated phrases was, ‘originality is returning to the origin.’ For Gaudi, a deeply religious man, this origin was nature. Gaudi viewed the natural world as perfect, a creation from which he drew inspiration. Nowhere is this connection more clearly visible than in his masterpiece, Barcelona’s Sagrada Familia.
The Sagrada Familia represents the culmination of Gaudi’s career. He used his other works as testing grounds for structures and techniques that would eventually be implemented in the Sagrada Familia. The elements found in Gaudi’s nature-inspired work, which is sometimes referred to as biomimetic architecture, can be classified as ornamental or structural. Structural elements inspired by nature include: catenary arches, spiral stairways, conoid-shaped roofs, and a new type of tree-inspired column that uses hyperbolic paraboloids as its base. Natural ornamental elements include: honeycomb gates, vine-inspired frieze, diatom-shaped windows, gargoyles depicting animals displaced by the church’s construction, and pinnacles in the form of grasses and pyrite crystals.
Both during Gaudi’s lifetime and following his death, his work was considered to be revolutionary. Unlike most architects, Gaudi did not spend his time drawing plans in two dimensions. He worked with clay, rock, rope, paper, and any other moldable medium available. He expressed his plans and intentions through models and used live plants, animals, and humans as references. Gaudi did not view himself as revolutionary – he simply sought to replicate the perfection he saw in nature.
Some of Gaudi’s most interesting structural techniques were successful in speeding construction and consuming fewer raw materials. The roof he designed for the architectural school on the grounds of the Sagrada Familia is shaped similar to a Magnolia leaf, in the form of a conoid. This naturally-occurring wave shape channels rainwater off the roof and was able to be made thinner, requiring less material, due to its innate strength. His tree-inspired columns could also have a smaller diameter due to the load-bearing capability designed into their multi-faced forms. Adrian Bejan has described Gaudi and this phenomenon describing him as:
A tightrope walker on the line of bridging art and science. He understood that nature is constructed by laws of mathematics. What is strongest is inherently lightest and most efficient.---It’s me.
这类文章的具体结构是为固定的，毕竟实验的过程还是讲究顺序的
1. New Scientist，这本材料在备考时同学们用到的多;
I’d rather you came tomorrow.
学术类雅思和培训类雅思相比较，哪一个难度较大？学术类考试对考生的英语水平进行测试，评估考生的英语水平是否满足进行大学或研究生学习的要求。大学或研究生课程的录取应以该类考试的成绩为依据。如果您计划出国留学深造或接受高等教育，应选择学术类雅思考试。培训类考试着重考核在广泛社会及教育环境中生存的基本语言技能，并非考核从事学术研究所需的语言技能。请问你们提供雅思培训吗？您好，作为雅思考试主办方英国文化教育协会并不提供雅思考试培训课程。我想考雅思，该怎样准备？您好，首先建议您在雅思官网了解雅思考试内容及考试题型介绍。我想知道雅思成绩的有效期是多少？你好，雅思考试成绩自考试之日起2年内有效，请注意您所申请的院校、机构或使馆对成绩有效期的要求可能略有不同，请直接与其联系以确保您的成绩符合要求。如果我正在申请英国签证，应该参加哪一类雅思考试？如果您正在申请英国签证，您可以参加专门推出的雅思考试。
[译文]今天，大多数的电子设备都装有高度精密的计时工具。
8.get out of one’s rut ?脱离不愉快的状况或无趣的例行公事
雅思考试在英联邦国家受到广泛认可和青睐，美国院校接受雅思成绩吗？目前，美国超过3000所大学、院校经认可雅思考试的成绩。这些院校包括所有的常青藤盟校（哈佛、普林斯顿、耶鲁、宾夕法尼亚等），以及受到绝大多数中国学生青睐的美国大学排行榜前200名的院校，而且认可雅思成绩的院校数字还在不断的上升。请问美国的顶级学府对雅思考试是怎样的认可情况？雅思考试在美国的认可度是非常广泛和深入的。所有常春藤联盟院校（哈佛、普林斯顿、耶鲁、宾夕法尼亚等）都认可雅思成绩。我不想考新托福，能用雅思成绩和SAT (本科生) 或者 GRE (研究生) 成绩搭配来申请美国大学吗？英语语言成绩是留美申请过程中的一项必不可少的要求。美国的院校对雅思考试和其它的英语考试都是一视同仁，SAT加 IELTS; GRE/GMAT加 IELTS一样带你去美国！国外院校往往是根据申请者的综合素质来评判是否给你发放录取通知书，甚至奖学金。
I have just bought my first computer, and love to look for exciting web sites that I have not known before.
父母为了子女的未来，不仅希望他们能够考上中国 的名牌大学，更希望孩子们尽早出国留学。由于美国有录取大学本科生的限制，许多父母开始把孩子们送到英国、澳大利亚等国家去读书。Kayıt Yenileme İçin Son Ödeme Tarihi 31.08.2018
Üsküdar Üniversitesi Uluslararası öğrencilerinin 2019-2020 akademik yılı güz dönemi için 31.08.2018 tarihine kadar eğitim ücretlerini ödemeleri ve kayıtlarını yenilemeleri gerekmektedir.
31.08.2018 tarihine kadar kayıtlarını yenilemeyen uluslararası öğrencilerin, bu tarihten sonra yapacakları kayıt yenilemelerde 300 TL'lik ek bir ödeme yapmaları gerekmektedir.
Öğrencilerimiz ödemelerini aşağıdaki banka hesaplarına yapabilirler.
09/08/2018 11:45Kuzey Kore de bunları alamazsınız
Kuzey Kore ve izole edilmiş bir yaşam. Hermit Krallık söz konusu olduğunda, Dünya’da Kuzey Kore kadar izole ve paranoyak bir yer olmadığını ve bunun dünyanın en ilginç kültürlerinden biri olduğuna inanmanın ne olduğunu bilmek zor.
Dünyada belki de bir ilk, Kuzey korede yaşamak kimsenin isteğine göre değil sadece kim jongun istediği ve belirttiği özelliklere göre yaşam var. Her kes istediği elbiseyi, istediği yemeği, istediği kahveyi, istediği kot pantolonu giyemez! Ve hatta bir şarkı dinlemek istiyorsan bu şarkının içinde mutlaka kuzey koreye ait övgüler olması lazım! Aksi halde bunun zıttı bir şarkı dinleyemez ve yazamazsın!
Kim Jong un Krallığı
Coca Cola
Coca-Cola’nın iş yapmadığı dünyada sadece iki ülke var: Küba ve Kuzey Kore. Yaptırmalar, soda devinin krallığa sızmasını imkansız hale getirdi, ancak bu, Kuzey Kore halkının The Real Thing için bir zevk almadıkları anlamına gelmiyor; genelde aldıkları şey The Fake Thing’tir. Sıradan lokantalardan ve bakkalardan herhangi bir sayıdaki farklı içecek satın alabilirsiniz ve en azından bir tanesi gerçek bir kola gibi (ama fazla değil gibi) görünüyor. Burnunu tutarsın ve gerçekten çok arzulanıyorsan, muhtemelen Coca-Cola içtiğini düşünebilirsin, ancak sadece “Kakaolu aromalı tatlı soda içeceği” olduğunu iddia eden tüm etiketi okumaktan kaçınmak istersin.”
Kim Jong-un’un Saç Kesimi
Birkaç yıl önce, Kim Jong-un’un saç kesimi gerçek modaydı. Krallığın dört bir yanındaki insanlar, Sevgili Liderlerine benzemeye çalıştılar, bu yüzden kendilerini eşleştirmek istediler. Şimdi, aptalca bir viral hikayeye rağmen, saç kesimi aslında zorunlu değildi – insanlar aşktan yapıyordu. Ne yazık ki, taklit gereği olan bütün saç kesimleri Jong-un’u rahatsız etmeye başladı ve “devlet onaylı” saç kesimleri listesinde kesintiye uğradı. Bütün bu gerçek gizem, mutluluğu başkalarının sevgisine ve bağlılığına çok bağımlı görünen birinin neden kendi klonlarıyla dolu bir topraklara hükmetmek istemediği değil sadece kendini özel hissetmesinden dolayı böyle bir yasak getirdi.
Starbucks
Kuzey kore de bir Starbucks bulamazsınız. Dünyanın hemen hemen her bölgesinde bulunan Starbucks Yaptırımlar nedeniyle kuzey korede yok. Eğer bir kahve içmek isterseniz, Starbucks a benzer dükkanlar bulabilirsiniz. Bir Kuzey Koreli bir barista Avustralya Yayın Kuruluşu’na “Sanırım bu iyi bir kahveden anlamayan insanlar içindir” dedi.
Saç boyası
Sarışın olmak Kuzey Koreliler için bir seçenek değil; ne kırmızı, yeşil veya gökkuşağı çizgili saçlarınız burada olamaz. Herkesin saçları gri olmadıkça siyah olmalı yalnızca o zaman ölme seçeneğine sahipsiniz. Saç boyası “kapitalist bir eğilim”, dolayısıyla küçük bir hata gibi görülmeli. Peki rejime meydan okursanız ve saçlarınızı yine de boyalıyorsanız ne olur? Hem siz hem de kuaför cezalandırılıyor. Bu cezanın ne olabileceği tamamen belli değil, ancak bir İncil’e sahip olmak veya Güney Koreli operalarını izlemek için idam edilebilecek bir ulusun karşısında doğal renginizi nasıl seveceğinizi öğrenmelisiniz.
McDonald
Kuzey Koreliler de McDonald’s’ı alamıyor. O kadar da kötü değil, çünkü her köşede bir McDonald’s bulunmaması kabaca. Kuzey Koreli Altın Kuşlar yasağı konusunda komik olan şey, Kuzey Kore elitlerinin McDonald’s Burger’leri Çin’den içeri girdikleri biliniyor olmasıdır. Doğru, Kuzey Afrika’nın alt sınıflarında gerçekten aç olan insanlara bakılmaksızın ve ulusal havayolunda büyük bir masrafla uçak kiralamak, Sorun değil, çünkü eski (şu anda ölü) lider Kim Jong-il aslında hamburgeri icat etti, bunu biliyor muydunuz? Bu doğru! The Guardian’a göre, “Gogigyeopbbang” adlı icadı (2000’de Kuzey Kore halkına hediye edildi). Dolayısıyla McDonald’ın fikri tamamen çiğnendi.
Gübre
Uzun zaman önce, Kuzey Kore gübreyi Güney Kore’den aldı ve hepimiz bunun nasıl çı
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ENNA«
DEPOSITO dei seguenti preparati: SIERI: anti-carbonchioso;
- difterico; - disenterico; - crisipelatoso; - meningococcico; -
carlattinoso; - tetanico-uremico, etc. — VACCINI: anti-gino-
occico; - stafilococcico; - streptococcico; - tifico; - contro-
l'ozena, etc.
Preparati di Chinino e Sali importati esclusivamente dalla mon-
diale fabbrica „ZIMMER & C.o - FRANKFURT a/M."
Gran Pr;niio e Medaglia Oro Parigi - Esp. Internaz. - 1926.
Gran Premio e Medagjia Oro Montecatini - Esp. Int. - 1Q26.
MARASCHINO &
CHERRY-BRAMDY
Fratelli Mandel & Nipoie
Banca - Cambio-Valute
Agenzia principale delle Ass. Generali
Rappresentanza della So[ieta Triestina di liavigazione iOSOLICii"
(Servizio passeggeri per il Nord e Sud Anaerica)
Si acquistano Cartelle di lotteria e Tagliandi di Vincita
della Croce Rossa Italiana
Lotti Serbi da fs. 100.- e da 10 Din. (tabacchi).
Lotti Turchi, ecc. a condizioni favorevolissime.
Si acquista e si vende pure qualsiasi altra Carta
di Valore e og-ni sorta di Valute.
FERNET-BRANCA
AMARO TONICO APERITIVO DIGESTIVO
Soc. Anonima F-Ll-i BRANCA - Milano
: Speciale Oifitina riparazloDi ::
di
Macchine da scrivere e da cucire
Simeone Bercich
ZARA — Calle S. Michele
DEPOSITO:
ASSORTIMENTO ĐI CUCINIERE
a gas di petrolio
Marca originale
Svedese
Conto Corrente con la Posta
Anno VII — Humero 1-2. 2ARA, Gennaio-febbraio 1928. Anno vi Red. e Amm. in Sede sociale.
Ripresa
La gravissima crisi, determinatasi in seno alla Societa.
Ginnastica Zara soprattiitto in seguito al trasferimento del
presidente onorario cav. Vittorio Verban, centro ed anima della
nostra organizzazione, con la sua attivita infaticabile, le sue
ardimeniose iniziative, la sua fede e il suo entusiasmo tenaci
e purissimi, fece sentire i suoi dannosi effetti anche sulla nostra
rivista, che dovette sospendere le pubblicazioni pet alcuni
mesi.
Ora che, in grazia degli sforzi della solerte Direzione
e dei suoi piii fidi ed attivi collaboraioti, superato il primo
spiegabile momento di smarrimento che porto a gualche sosta
e a gualche indugio, la nostra associazioner riprende spedita
il suo cammino ad attingere guelle mete verso cui si sente
sospinta e dalle sue gloriose tradizioni e dal nuovo compito
affidatole dallo Stato che, non piii agnostico, come sotto i
passati governi, di fronte ali' importantissimo problema della
formazione di corpi gagliardi e di ben temprate volontd nei
giovani, ha inteso tutta V urgenza di regolare ed armonizzare
ćon recenti disposizioni 1' altivitd sportiva della Nazione; ora
anche guesta nostra rivista riprende, dopo alcuni mesi di
forzato silenzio, le sue pubblicazioni.
Le riprende anche perche sospinta dalle esortazioni e
dagli incitamenti che nel periodo della sua interrotta attivita
le son venuti da varie cittd della Penisola, certo piii che
per l'imporianza intrinseca delle cose forse non vili da essa
pubblicate, per amore a guesta martoriata terra di Dalmazia,
di cui la nostra rivista e la voće che diffonde il ricordo del-
r antico dolore e della nuova speranza tra le societa spor-
tive consorelle, le guali sempre, anche nei momenti piii
critici della Patria, seppero resistere alle lusinghe bianche e
rosse, e serbarono fede alle loro tradizioni patriottiche e irre-
dentistiche.
Riprendendo la sua attivita, la redazione confida che
nuovi collaboratori si aggiungeranno agli aniichi, mentre guesti
le si serberanno fedeli. Tale voto essa formula specialmente
per il prof. Felice VegUa, che, chiamato a Roma come inse-
gnante dell' Istituto superiore fascista di educazione fisica,
ha dovuto abbandonare la nostra cittd e la nostra Istituzione
alla guale diede per lunghi anni la sua opera intelligente.
Egli, che guesta nostra rivista ha visto nascere, che di essa
ha seguito tutte le vicende, e ne e stato il piii assiduo col-
laboratore, non vorrd certamente dimenticarla.
Non tracciamo programmi, non facciamo promesse di
cose nuove.
Se non ci venga meno il consenso di guanti finora ci
nanno onorato della Loro benevolenza, continueiemo Vopera
nostra con la passione e la fede di ieri, che sono guelle di
oggi, procurando di renderci sempre piii degni della fiducia
in noi riposta e della missione a noi affidata.
LA REDAZIONE.
Fano ospitale
(Impressioni di una nostra ginnasta).
Finalmente ia tanto attesa gfita della nostra squadra
femminile si e effettuata in modo insperato e sorprendente.
Slamo al gran giorno: alle ore 22 riunione alla banchina e
partenza da Zara, in compagnia dei prof.ri Felice Veg^lia e
Giuseppe Baione.
Al nostro arrivo ad Ancona ci attendono il podesta
di Fano, signor Blasi, la sigfnora Zangrando con delle „pic-
cole Italiane", il prof. SorcinelH con le signorine figlie, la
segretaria del Fascio signora prof. Mazzolini, il medico chi-
rurgo Hellmuth Hagemann, il signor Gerolamo Sollazzi ed
i due piccoli Zaratini convittori del colleggio Nolli, Svircich
e Gruber : montiamo sulle sette auto degli ospiti, e giun-
giamo in un baleno alla bella citta di Fano.
Una piccola sosta all'Abergo Moro Nolfi, per fare
una sommaria „toilette". Alle ore 9 nei pressi dell'Albergo
si forma il corteo composto dalle associazioni cittadine,
dagli Istituti e dal fior fiore dell'aristocrazia Fanese.
La citta era tutta pavesata a fešta ed il corteo avan-
zava tra due ali di popolo acclamante.
Dopo aver percorso parecchie vre, delle quali mi sfugge
il nome, arrivammo al Municipio, il cortile del quale rigur-
gitava dl gente festante.
Nella sala di ricevimento la prof.ssa Mazzolin^ ci dette
il benveauto con un discorso molto significativo, in nome
del podesta; indi ci fu offerto il vermouth d' onore e le
piccole Italiane ci offrirono dei fiori.
Alle 12.30 all'albergo Moro Nolfi 11 Municipio ci of-
ferse un pranzo al quale presero parte le autorita civili e
militari, la duchessa di Montevecchio, la nobil donna Blasi,
la contessa Castracane, la signora Betta Rossi, la signora
prof. Mazzolini e la signora Zangrando.
Nel pomeriggio avemmo un invito dalia gentile fami-
glia Sorcinelli, presso cui sostammo pochissimo dovendo
affrettarci per il balio dato in nostro onore al „Circolo
Cittadino". Le danze si susseguirono animate e noi dan-
zammo instancabilmente fino alla fine.
Come epilogo della giornata, la sera andammo a ve-
dere una bella film al Politeama, dove il nostro ingresso fu
accolto al suono della marcia reale.
Cosi terminava il primo giorno delle nostre piacevoli
fatiche.
Lunedi. Una visita brevissima ali'Istituto Tecnico pre-
senti i professori ed una analoga ali'Istituto Commerciale.
Una piccola sosta al Museo, senza poterci soffermare ad
ammirare i magnifici tesori d'arte di quella citta; quindi
alla richissima biblioteca „Fridericiana", e in fine alla scuola
d'Arte, dove, al nostro ingresso, un piccolo Dalmata ci
porse un bellissimo mazzo di garofani rossi.
Ed ora due parole per esprimere la nostra ammira-
zione ai bravi giovinetti allievi della scuola d' Arte, che
hanno fatto per noi degli artistici segnalibri di pelie. Una
visita di sfuggita al Coliegio Nolfi dove nuovi fiori ci ven-
nero offerti dagli Zaratini Svircich e Gruber; mentre la
DALMAZIA SPORTIVA
ventu. E infatti anche se i g^iovani impareranno durante tale
periodo tutte le belle cose consigliate, che soldati potranno es-
sere domani quando, a causa appunto della mancata continuita
deir esercizio, il fisico non corrisponda alle esigenze belliche ?
La verita vera e questa: che le esercitazioni per i
giovani dovrebbero essere fatte tutto I' anno (anche nei mesi
di vacanza scolastica) e tutti i gici ni, perche 1* org'anismo
ne risenta un notevole vantaggfio; e che, se cio purtroppo
non si puo fare, si deve per lo meno cercare di dare ad
esse la maggior possibile frequenza e continuita, alternandole
opportunamente con le altre occupazioni scolastiche, poiche
e assolutamente falso che la fatica mentaie e la fatica fisica
si sommino: esse si elidono. E la pila bella dimostrazione
di questo e la difficolta che i sig.rl Presidi incontrano per
ottenere che gli alunni escano da scuola, alla fine dell'o-
rario, con calma e compostezza. II giovane organismo co-
stretto alla inamobilita fisica per tante ore, sente il bisogno
di giocare, di muoversi, di dare sfogo alla sua vitalita. Nella
mia cariera di insegnante di educazione fisica, ho potuto
osservare una infinita di volte che una squadra proveniente
dali' aula scolastica, e molto piu vivace di un' altra che venga
direttamente dalla ricreazione; e la lezione di educazione fisica,
se fatta razionalmente e nonempiricamente, non puo certanaente
costituire per essa fatica da aggiangere alla fatica mentaie, sop-
portata durante l'insegnamento delle lingue o delle scienze.
Non so da quanti sara letto questo mio articolo, ma
saro lietissimo se esso potra servire per far uscire dal suo
riserbo qualcuno dei maghi della educazione fisica, il quale
possa, con la propria autorita scientifica, mettere le coste
oella loro vera luce. prof. F. Veg-lia.
.0-
Attivita Sociale
1 nuovi orari di freguentazione
Richiamiamo i'attenzione delle squadre sui nuovi orari
per la frequentazione della Palestra.
Gli orari si trovano esposti in sede sociale.
Echi di carnovale
Fra le numerose manifestazioni carnevalesche, merita
d' essere rilevato il tradizionale balio dei bambini in costume,
datosi 1* ultima domenica di carnevale. Oltre cento bambini,
nei piu svariati costumi, si son dati convegno nel Teatro
Verdi. All'entrata dei segretario federale comm. Mandel, i
bambini in ćoro, hanno cantato „Giovinezza'^ ed altri inni
fascisti e patriottici, in mezzo ai fragorosi applausi della folla
che gremiva il Teatro. Alla fešta intervennero pure le rappre-
sentanze della autorita civili e militari.
Trattenimenti sociali
Proseguono, ogni domenica, i trattenimenti sociali di
recitazione, canto e danza. La sezione filodrammatica da
ogni seconda domenica una produzione nel nostro dialetto.
Alla recitazione seguono le danze. I trattenimenti che
incontrano il pieno gradimento dei soci, hanno avuto sem-
pre esito veramente brillante.
Noti zie varie
La partecipazione della societ^ al lutto per la morte
di Armando Diaz
Appena pervenuta a Zara la notizia della morte dei
Duca della Vittoria, sulla sede sociale vennero esposte la
bandiera tricolore e quella della Dalmazia, a mezz' asta.
Al solenne pontificale di requiem celebrato da S. E,
il Vescovo Pietro Doimo Munzani nella basilica di s. Ana-
stasia il giorno 9 maržo alle ore 10.30, la Societa Ginna-
stica era rappresentata da tre membri della direziooe e da
sei ginnasti in divisa, con la bandiera sociale.
Conferma
La F. G. N. I. ha confermato la nomina dei nostro
Presidente cav. avv. Antonio Arnerich, il quale, a sua volta,
ha confermato i suoi coliaboratori della Direzione, come pure
i Direttori delle Sezioni.
Partenze
Come e noto, il prof. Felice Veglia, che per parecchi
anni prodigo tutta la sua attivita ed intelligenza quale valo-
roso insegnante delle nostre squadre, e stato chiamato a
Roma presso 1' Istituto superiore fascista di educazione fisica.
Al carissimo ed ottimo amico e camerata, che gia da
tempo e partito da Zara, lasciando vivissimo il ricordo di
se, inviamo saluti fraterni e l'augurio di sempre maggiori
soddisfazioni.
= E' pure partito da Zara per Milano il signor Lino
Duca, attivissimo direttore della Sezione filodrammatica.
Dotato di versatile e pronto ingegno, il Duca si produsse piu
volte sulla scena tanto nel dramma quanto nella commedia.
Al nostro concittadino i saluti e gli auguri della
„Ginnastica".
Attivita sportiva a Lagosta
Rileviamo con grande compiacimento che anche a
Lagosta un gruppo di giovani volonterosi va esplicando
un' attivita sportiva veramente lodevole. Fervono i lavori
per la preparazione d'un campo sportivo, ove i ginnasti
potranno sempre meglio attendere ali' educazione sportiva.
Ad essi inviamo sin d'ora il nostro vivissimo plauso.
In memoria di Guido Barich
Per la forzata, momentanea sospensione della pubbli-
cazione della „Dalmazia Sportiva", non abbiamo potuto
fino ad oggi compsere il mesto dovere di rivolgere il saluto
nostro reverente e commosso alla memoria dei concittadino
capitano Guido Barich.
Nei giorni in cui Gabriele D'Annunzio, alla testa dei
suoi legionari entrava a Fiume, il giovane Barich, allora
appena sedicenne, fuggiva di časa lasciando ai genitori
queste parole scritte: „Parto per affermarmi italiano non di
parole, ma di fatti". Poco tempo dopo le tragiche giornate
di Fiume, venne colpito da un male grave, inguaribile.
Ad onta di cio i moti fascisti lo ebbero seguace ar-
dentissimo e fedele. Aggravatesi sempre piu le sue condi-
zioni, cerco ristoro alle sue forze nel sanatorio di Ancarano.
La sua forte fibra non pote resistere al morbo insidioso.
Nella scorsa estate Guido Barich decedeva, strappato ine-
sorabilmente ali' affetto della famiglia, alle speranze della Patria.
Dinanzi alla tomba che racchiude le spoglie mortali dei
nostro concittadino — decorato della medaglia di Ronchi e
di quella della marcia su Roma — la Societa Ginnastica
inchina, con reverenza grande, l'azzurro gagliardetto della
Dalmazia.
Gerente responsabile e direttore: Arrigo Zink.
Amministratore: Dott. Simeone Svircich
Editore: „Societa Ginnastica Zara".
Tipografia: E. de Schonfelđ.
DRIOLI
ČASA ir<ONDATA NB3L 1'768.
LA PIU' ANTICA FABBRICA DI LIQUORI IN ITALIA
lllllllllllllllillfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
Conto Corrente con la Posta
Anno VII — Humero 4. ZARA, Aprile 1928. Anno vi Red. e Amm. in Sede sociale.
L* ieri, 1' oggi e il domani
neila vita ilelle mM olonaU dalmate
Le societi g^innastiche della Dalmazia, alcune delle
quali hanno ormai una vita di oltre mezzo secolo, possono
orgfogliosamente vantarsi di aver avuto gia parecchi decenni
or sono il concetto, schiettamente fascista, dellMmportanza per
ia prospanta nazioaale deil'educazione fisica della gioventu,
che e in pari tempo educazione morale.
Queste societa, che difesero strenuamente, dal 1860
in poi, 1' italianita della loro terra di Dalmazia, anche coi
pugni e coi bastoni, colle unghie e coi denti, sempre vigfili
e pronte a rintuzzare ogni insidia e ogni sopruso ćhe venisse,
quaDdo con sottile arte subdola, quando con impudente
violenza, dalla coalizione austro-croata, queste societa sono
veramente precorritrici di alcune idee fondamentali del fasci-
smo, cbsi nel campo mdrale come in quello fisico.
Le Societa di Ginnastića e Scherma di Spalato e di
Zara prima, di Ragusa, Sebenico, Trau, Cittavacchia ecc,
piu tardi, furono concepite e realizzate dalle menti acute e
fervide d' amor patrio di Arturo Colautti, di Antonio Baia-
monti e di altri insigni dalmati; mentre parallelamente il
triestmo
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began by playing against itself millions of times and gradually became better at the game until it was able to beat some of the best human players in the world.
Deep learning is a machine learning technique that uses a deep neural network to learn from data. The deep neural network consists of multiple layers of processing units, known as neurons, which extract features from the data and transform them into a higher-level representation. The deep neural network is able to learn complex patterns in data and perform better than traditional machine learning models.
Benefits of Using Machine Learning in Physics
Physics is a broad field that covers a wide range of topics, from the subatomic to the cosmological. In recent years, machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool for physicists, providing them with new ways to analyze data and make predictions.
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In addition to their analytical abilities, machine learning algorithms are also very efficient at making predictions. This is because they can learn from past data and identify patterns that are likely to occur again in the future. For example, machine learning can be used to predict the future behavior of particles in an accelerator, or the outcome of an experiment.
Machine learning is a rapidly growing field with many potential applications in physics. As machine learning algorithms become more sophisticated, they will continue to provide physicists with new ways to understand and predict the behavior of the universe.
Drawbacks of Using Machine Learning in Physics
Machine learning has shown great promise in a number of fields, from medical diagnosis to stock market predictions. However, there are also a number of potential drawbacks to using machine learning in physics.
One potential issue is that machine learning algorithms can be very data intensive. In order to train a machine learning algorithm, you need a large dataset to work with. This can be a problem in physics, where data is often scarce.
Another potential problem is that machine learning algorithms can be susceptible to overfitting. This means that they may learn the patterns in the training data too well, and not be able to generalize to new data. This can be a particular problem in physics, where the underlying laws of nature may be different than what is observed in the training data.
Finally, machine learning algorithms can be difficult to interpret. This is because they often operate by finding patterns in data that are too complex for humans to understand. This lack of interpretability can make it difficult to trust the results of machine learning applications in physics.
In the final analysis, machine learning is a powerful tool that has been applied to many different areas of physics. It has been used to study the structure of matter, understand the behavior of particles, and predict the behavior of complex systems. Machine learning will continue to play an important role in physics as we strive to understand the world around us.
Keyword: Machine Learning Applications in PhysicsBu hikayenin bir parçasıCNET’in Apple’ın yıllık geliştiriciler konferansından ve bu konferansla ilgili tam kapsamı.
Apple doldurulmuş önizlemeleri 15 saniyeden az olayın., , ve tabi ki, neredeyse 2 saat içinde . iPhone yazılımının bir sonraki ana sürümü şunları içerecektir: ve bir . Ancak Pazartesi günü gerçekten ilgimi çeken bir özellik vardı.
Özelliğin bir adı yok, ancak şu şekilde çalışıyor: Bir resmin konusunu bir kişi gibi arka plandan ayırmak için bir fotoğrafa dokunup basılı tutuyorsunuz. Ve basılı tutmaya devam ederseniz, fotoğraftan kesiği “kaldırıp” başka bir uygulamaya sürükleyebilirsiniz; örneğin, göndermek, paylaşmak veya bir kolaj oluşturmak için.
Teknik olarak, dokun ve kaldır fotoğraf özelliği, ilk olarak iOS 15 ile başlatılan ve fotoğraflarınızdaki bitkiler, yiyecekler, önemli noktalar ve hatta evcil hayvanlar gibi nesneleri tanıyabilen Görsel Arama’nın bir parçasıdır. iOS 16’da Görsel Arama, dokunup basılı tutmaktan başka bir şey yapmadan o nesneyi bir fotoğraftan veya PDF’den kaldırmanıza olanak tanır.
Apple’ın Siri Dili ve Teknolojileri kıdemli direktörü Robby Walker, bir Fransız buldozerin fotoğrafı üzerinde yeni dokun ve kaldır aracını gösterdi. Köpek fotoğraftan “kesildi” ve ardından bir mesajın metin alanına sürüklenip bırakıldı.
Walker, “Sihir gibi geliyor” dedi.
Bazen Apple “sihir” kelimesini aşırı kullanır, ancak bu araç etkileyici görünüyor. Walker, etkinin, çekirdek makine öğrenimi ve Apple’ın saniyede 40 milyar işlem gerçekleştiren sinirsel motoru tarafından hızlandırılan gelişmiş bir makine öğrenimi modelinin sonucu olduğunu belirtmekte gecikmedi.
Bir fotoğraftan bir köpeği kesmek için gereken işleme ve makine öğrenimi miktarını bilmek beni sonsuz derecede heyecanlandırıyor. Çoğu zaman yeni telefon özelliklerinin devrim niteliğinde olması veya ciddi bir sorunu çözmesi gerekir. Sanırım, dokun ve basılı tut aracının bir fotoğrafın arka planını kaldırma sorununu çözdüğünü söyleyebilirsiniz, ki bu en azından bazıları için ciddi bir mesele olabilir.
iOS 16’daki başka bir fotoğraf özelliğiyle benzerliği fark etmeden edemedim. Kilit ekranında, fotoğraf düzenleyici, duvar kağıdınız için kullanılan fotoğrafın ön plan konusunu arka plandan ayırır. Bu, saat ve tarih gibi kilit ekranı öğelerini duvar kağıdınızın konusunun arkasına, ancak fotoğrafın arka planının önüne yerleştirilebilmesini sağlar. Bir derginin kapağı gibi görünmesini sağlar.
Yeni Görsel Arama özelliğini deneyemedim, onun yerine WWDC açılış konuşmasının Fransız buldozerinin fotoğrafından tekrar tekrar çekildiği bölümünü izliyordum. Denemek için yedek bir iPhone’unuz varsa,ve iOS 16’nın genel beta sürümü Temmuz’da çıkacak.
Daha fazlası için, göz atınI dahil ederek .
Kaynak : https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/my-favorite-ios-16-feature-is-you-tap-to-lift-a-pet-out-of-a-photo/#ftag=CAD590a51eRoma, 30 mar. (askanews) - Erano solo chiacchiere da bar, battute e sciocchezze, nessuna filosofia. Quella del mondo di mezzo e' un'invenzione di chi ha indagato". Lo ha detto Massimo Carminati spiegando il senso di una intercettazione agli atti del processo Mafia Capitale.
"Stavamo facendo battute con altri interlocutori riguardo al fatto che una persona conosciuta non puo' fare qualcosa di illegale, come comprare la droga o altro, ma serve qualcuno Che faccia da intermediario. E' un dialogo tra amici al bar, una presa in giro tra amici". Nel pomeriggio è previsto il controinterrogatorio della procura.Veya
E-posta adresinizi girin, şifrenizi sıfırlamanız için size bir link gönderelim.
Max Kirkpatrick, hukuk avukatı Kate McQuean'ı, hain bir KGB ekibinden, onu sonlandırmak için koruyan bir polis.
İzlemeye devam etmek için bir hesap oluşturmanız gerekir
Hızlı Kayıt!
Kayıt olmak 1 dakikadan az sürüyor, ardından Sınırsız Film ve TV başlıklarının keyfini çıkarabilirsiniz.تهران – فیلم مستند جدیدی از ناگفته های سپهبد قاسم سلیمانی در عملیات والفجر 8 روز دوشنبه منتشر شد.
مستند «وقتی طوفان شبانه در میآید» به کارگردانی امیر عسگری در مدرسه بنیاد حاج قاسم ساخته شده است.
قرار است روز چهارشنبه همزمان با سالگرد عملیاتی که یکی از بزرگترین دستاوردهای ایران در جنگ ایران و عراق 1359-1367 به شمار می رود، از شبکه مستند، یک شبکه سیما و ویژه پخش فیلم های مستند پخش شود.
لشکر 41 ثارالله سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی به فرماندهی سلیمانی یکی از لشکرهای ایران بود که در این عملیات شرکت داشت.
عسگری در جریان انتشار این مستند در بنیاد گفت: «این مستند میتوانست در زمان حیات سردار سلیمانی ساخته شود، اما او هرگز این کار را به ما نگذاشت.
وی افزود: در پاسخ به پیشنهاد ما برای ساخت این مستند، متواضعانه به ما گفت که بر نقش لشکر در عملیات تمرکز کنیم بدون اینکه اشاره ای به حضور او داشته باشیم.
در نتیجه، این مستند هرگز ساخته نشد، زیرا تولید آن بدون اشاره به نقش کلیدی او در عملیات، منصفانه نبود.»
عسگری در سال 1392 نیز با سردار سلیمانی مصاحبه ای انجام داده بود، اما وی در زمان حیاتش اجازه انتشار آن را نداد.
در بخشهایی از این مستند همچنین مصاحبههایی که عسگری با سلیمانی و چند تن دیگر از سران سپاه انجام داد و در بازدید از مناطق جنگی سابق که عملیات والفجر 8 در آن انجام شد، همراهی کرد.
عباس میرزایی، نویسنده چندین کتاب در مورد جنگ و لشکر 41 ثارالله، از جمله «راه های پر دست انداز به امامزاده»، سهم زیادی در تحقیقات این مستند داشته است.
عسگری گفت: اروندرود در عملیات شناسایی والفجر 8 آرام بود اما شب هنگام عملیات طوفانی بود.
عسگری خاطرنشان کرد: عبور از رودخانه در میان طوفان بسیار سخت بود.
عملیات والفجر 8 توسط ایران در 9 فوریه 1986 آغاز شد. این یک حمله آبی خاکی پیچیده و با دقت طراحی شده در عرض اروندرود علیه نیروهای عراقی مدافع شبه جزیره استراتژیک الفاو بود که عراق را به خلیج فارس متصل می کند.
ایران مدافعان عراقی، عمدتاً ارتش مردمی عراق را شکست داد و نوک شبه جزیره، از جمله مرکز کنترل هوایی و هشدار دهنده اصلی عراق را که خلیج فارس را پوشش میداد، تصرف کرد و همچنین دسترسی عراق به اقیانوس را محدود کرد.
ایران توانست با وجود تلفات سنگین، برای یک ماه دیگر جای پای خود را در الفاو در برابر چندین ضد حمله عراقی، از جمله حملات گارد جمهوری خواه و حملات شیمیایی حفظ کند تا اینکه به بن بست رسید.
این عملیات قسمت اولیه اولین نبرد الفاو بود که بین 10 فوریه و 10 مارس 1986 در شبه جزیره الفاو انجام شد.
با این عملیات، ایرانی ها توانستند شبه جزیره الفاو را تصرف کنند و در این راه دسترسی عراق به خلیج فارس را قطع کردند. این شبه جزیره بعداً توسط نیروهای عراقی در اواخر جنگ با استفاده گسترده از سلاح های شیمیایی غیرقانونی بازپس گرفته شد.
عکس: پوستر مستند "وقتی طوفان شبانه شکست".
MMS/YAW
کلیه محتویات خبرگزاری مهر تحت مجوز Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 بین المللی مجوز دارد.
تهران – فیلم مستند جدیدی از ناگفته های سپهبد قاسم سلیمانی در عملیات والفجر 8 روز دوشنبه منتشر شد.California English Journal
Teaching Stories: The Importance of Shared Inquiry in Beginning
Throughout the year, these teachers made observations about their individual experiences that led them to tacit understandings about themselves as teachers. Their shared inquiry helped them bring what they were learning about teaching to a conscious level. Vinz, p. 238
And if I know anything, I know how to survive, how to remake the world in story. Allison, p. 4
Listen to this conversation, overheard one night in an Irish pub.
"People at my school keep asking me, How late do you stay after school? I say, Oh, usually until three-thirty or four. They ask, And then do you go home and make lesson plans and mark papers? Yeah, usually, but sometimes I might go out. Well, if you keep up at that pace, you're gonna burn out. At the end of this year you're gonna quit. You're never gonna get any better, and you're just gonna get worse and you're gonna burn out."
Kirsten, a first-year teacher, is reenacting for her neighbors a conversation she has had recently at her school.
"Is that what they say to you?" Coming from Dave, who taught several years in public schools, it is a rhetorical question. He is grimly unsurprised.
"Who is this who's telling you this? Who is this person?" Andrew, who is teaching high school for the first time this year, is still a little bit surprised.
"I've had four different teachers . . ." Kirsten becomes a mimic: "If you don't get a mentor, if you don't start going to the teacher's cafeteria, if you don't start associating with other teachers who can help you, you're gonna burn out.
Kirsten rotates her beer stein on the table. "I mean, yeah, I spend a lot of time thinking about teaching! Yeah, I spend a lot of time thinking about my students. But I didn't sign up to be a teacher so I could be like, Oops, two-forty, gotta go. I can only have forty-five minutes, that's my prep, forty-five minutes of grading papers, so everything I do better fit into that period of time. I never thought that's what it was gonna be."
"It's just how threatened people feel," offers Cammie.
"These are some common themes in the slight literature on first-year teachers, the themes of, a) isolation, and b)--and this isn't just new teachers--it's the threat of new ideas, and a kind of vicious response to it from more burned-out teachers, or traditional teachers who are more experienced." Dave is sounding a little like a university professor. As it happens, he is a professor, in an English Education program at a local university, where the others have been methods students, two of them with Dave as their teacher. "They want to disabuse you of all these liberal notions, that you can individualize instruction, that you can do whole language, that you can do process approaches to instruction, that you can create a workshop in the classroom, all that stuff. They think they've seen that before."
Isolation is obviously a problem for new teachers. The other teachers at Kirsten's school correctly suggest that to isolate yourself is to hasten burn-out. However, as Kirsten has made clear, if she were to take her colleagues' advice and simply conform to the status quo at her school, abandon the approach to teaching that she finds personally compelling, this would also be a route to burn-out. What is the path running between these two unacceptable alternatives? Is it a prefabricated path? Or is it a path made "by walking?" (Horton and Freire, 1990).
Some school systems have taken steps to find such a path, pairing new teachers with mentors who dispense advice on everything from lesson-planning, to dealing with behavior problems, to where to buy an inexpensive lunch. And, more often than not, veteran teachers, thinking of the plagues they had to endure at the outset of their careers, wish they could vaccinate new teachers with some distillation of their experience. They give unsolicited advice.
The meeting at the bar, which took place in January of 1999, was no accident. It was engineered by Dave and Tony as an encore to an experiment in collaborative planning they carried out the previous spring when they each taught sections of English Methods. Their object was to bring together a group of first-year teachers to meet on a regular basis during their first year of teaching. They invited four students, Andrew, Cammie, Kirsten and Nancy, to participate. These four did not teach at the same schools, and they did not teach the same grade levels, but all four had demonstrated an interest in how democratic practices find a place (or don't) in the secondary English classroom. They also chose them, as Dave explained, by asking themselves, "Who would we most like to spend a year with, hanging out in a bar, drinking beer and talking about teaching?" Ultimately, they wanted to create a community of first year teachers who would support each other in whatever ways those teachers thought necessary. So it was less about advice for new teachers these two veteran teachers had to share than a series of occasions for mutual exploration of whatever teaching issues came up for them in the process of learning to teach, occasions that were more about creating supportive relationships-even friendship--than providing technical expertise.
At the first meeting in late June of 1998, after a semester of student teaching, in (of course) an Irish pub, the following exchange took place:
Dave: Well, it's an interesting move, the creation of supportive communities. You four might not have chosen to be in the same space at the same time. You might have chosen three other people you were absolutely comfortable crying in front of, and what we've done is something different. We just take four of the people in our classrooms with whom we felt most comfortable and put them together. You may not feel initially comfortable, but I'm still hopeful as a teacher that it can still happen, still work, as a supportive community.
Cammie: Part of me feels too far removed from conversations like this, in that, I already feel like I need it and I couldn't imagine a year without it. I think, if you don't set aside time like this it is really hard, in the flurry of things, to make the time for it. At the same time, there's a part of me. . . I kind of want to run away from it all and just close the door and be a teacher for a year by myself. It's not that when I'm in the classroom now I'm not conscious of what I'm doing and the mistakes I make. So part of me feels like, I don't need somebody else helping me figure out the mistakes I'm making, or how to fix them, because I know.
Nancy: Right, as a new teacher you're very conscious. You're hyper-conscious.
Cammie: And I feel like all of us here are that way. Nonetheless, most of the time I feel like this is something I need, but, sometimes I'm all too frustrated and I'm like, Uhn! Yeah,
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ta severek beslediğiniz bir köpek/kedi yavrusu varsa sadece bir kez düşünün, onu yemek ister miydiniz? Kuzuları afiyetle yemek ve yemekten sonra evcil hayvanınızın başını okşamak insanlığın iki yüzlülüğü değil midir?Domanda del 26 febbraio 2008
Domanda
Buongiorno professore,
mio figlio di 12 anni questa notte si è alzato verso l'1 ed è andato in direzione della porta di casa,lì ha aperto il chiavistello ed è uscito lasciandosi alle spalle la porta,che si è chiusa,presumibilmente svegliandolo. A quel punto è cominciata a suonare la porta.. dopo piu' volte mi sono svegliata e ho chiesto chi fosse. Inizialmente non capivo,mio figlio fuori la porta all'una di notte?! Una volta aperto mi sono accorta che era sveglio e cosciente ma non impaurito. L'ho portato a letto e solo in quel momento si è reso conto di ciò che aveva fatto. Mi ha detto che si ricordava di essersi alzato,di aver aperto la porta senza paura (tenga conto che è un bambino molto prudente e a volte pauroso) e di essersi affacciato. Come mi devo comportare? Basta chiudere la porta e nascondergli le chiavi? Abitiamo infine in un pianterreno con porte,finestre sul giardino.
La ringrazio
A.D.
La domanda è in attesa di risposta.August 15, 2018
Environmental humidity can be pretty troublesome for asthmatics. Here is how heightened moisture content in the air, typically associated with the rainy months, can trigger frequent asthma attacks.
Asthmatics often find themselves struggling to fill their lungs with fresh air especially when common allergens like dust, pollen, or even some smells are around. A lesser known fact is that their struggle becomes much more distressful during the rainy season when humidity is at its peak. Air laden with water particles usually also carries additional triggers that make life tougher for patients with respiratory ailments, especially those who have a history of asthma.
Humidity can affect asthmatics due to the following three reasons:
Humid air is denser and hence more difficult to inhale – Humid air is naturally heavier than its drier counterpart. Your body temperature usually rises when you exert yourself more to breathe such air. For non-asthmatics, the extra energy needed to breathe during the rainy season only translates to copious amounts of sweat and increased consumption of water to counter it. On the contrary, for asthmatics who spend more time outdoors, these effects kick off a series of symptoms that can bloom quickly into a full-fledged asthma attack.
Rainy Season Brings a Drop in the Temperature – Rain bring a sudden drop in temperature, especially after a hot summer. For most people this cooling effect is a cause for celebration, however, for asthmatics, it can be bothersome. When you have asthma, your airways react adversely to a sudden swing in temperature. The inflammation in your lungs can worsen during the rain, making breathing more laborious.
Increased Number of Allergens – Increased humidity also proportionally increases the number of allergens around you. Most pollutants tend to attach themselves to the water particles in the air and stay suspended at ground level for long. Mould grows faster in wetter conditions, and dust mites too find the humid air conducive for multiplying. Breathing in air that is pregnant with all these allergens can be quite hazardous for asthmatics.
If you are an asthmatic, you can take some of the steps mentioned below to counter the effects of heightened humidity during the rain:
Stay indoors during the day to avoid excessive exposure to allergens. If you are fond of exercising, try switching to an indoor gym or swimming pool for a couple of months during the rainy season instead.
Protect yourself against sudden temperature changes by dressing up adequately. Keep your body warm to avoid triggering symptoms of asthma.
An air-conditioner can be helpful in cutting down the humidity as can a de-humidifier. These appliances can help keep dust mites out of your house.
Keep your bathrooms dry to prevent the growth of mold.
Consider getting an air purifier for your home to get rid of suspended air pollutants.
Get latest updates from AccessSubscribe to our newsletterThe Italian scientific base P.N.R.A. is located in the Bay of Terranova. The National Program of Searches in Antarctica is there to support and develop scientific and technological research in Antarctica, and looks into several fields of global strategic interest such as global changes, climatic processes, the structure and evolution of the oceanic ecosystem, space weather, and astrophysics.
The National Research Council (CNR), a public organisation, is to carry out, promote, transfer and improve research activities in the field of ‘scientific advancement’. It also looks at how this knowledge can be applied for technological, economic, and social development.
The project aimed to secure a full-proof solution for the research center’s underground hot water. The extreme temperatures in the Antarctica posed a great challenge to do achieve this without the possibility of frozen, cracked pipes. Additionally, they were looking for an easy installation in the difficult, and permanently frozen ground conditions that could secure a sustainable, and headache-free supply.
In total, 460 meters of Flexalen 600 and 390 meters of Flexalen 1000+ were installed to connect the power plant and the house. Before they decided to use Flexalen pipes, they had the pipes tested by the C.N.R. (National Research Council) in a climatic chamber at -80°C. This conclusively demonstrated they were fit for purpose.Flags at half-mast for National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women
Flags at all schools and administrative buildings will be lowered to half-mast from sunrise to sunset on Thursday, December 6, 2012, to mark National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women.
December 6 is the National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women in Canada. Established in 1991 by the Parliament of Canada, this day marks the anniversary of the murders in 1989 of 14 young women at l’École Polytechnique de Montréal. They died because they were women.
As well as commemorating the 14 young women whose lives ended in an act of gender-based violence that shocked the nation, December 6 represents an opportunity for Canadians to reflect on the phenomenon of violence against women in our society. It is also an opportunity to consider the women and girls for whom violence is a daily reality, and to remember those who have died as a result of gender-based violence. And finally, it is a day on which communities can consider concrete actions to eliminate all forms of violence against women and girls. Source: Status of Women Canada
For more information, please contact:
Kerry Donnell, Communications Officer, 613-966-1170 or 1 800 267-4350, extension 2354.مدیرکل کمیته امداد لرستان:
لرستان خبر: مدیرکل کمیته امداد لرستان گفت: در 9 ماهه امسال، طرح فلاح توسط کمیته امداد امام خمینی (ره) برای 25 هزار و 475 مددجوی سطح استان اجرایی شد.
به گزارش لرستان خبر، ولی اله منتظری روز یکشنبه در جمع خبرنگاران اظهار داشت: در 9 ماهه امسال، طرح فلاح توسط کمیته امداد امام خمینی (ره) برای مددجویان سطح استان اجرایی شد.
وی با اشاره به تحت پوشش قرار گرفتن 25 هزار و 475 نفر در قالب این طرح، افزود: بیش از یک هزار جلسه در قالب این طرح در روستاها و شهرهای استان برگزار شد که افراد به صورت انفرادی و شبکه ای در این طرح حضور یافتند.
مدیر کل کمیته امداد لرستان عنوان کرد: این طرح، علاوه بر برگزاری برنامه های مناسبتی، مذهبی و ملی در راستای اجرایی شدن طرح نظام جامع آموزش خانواده و ارتقای سطح معنوی دینی خانواده های مددجوی کمیته امداد استان برگزار شد.
وی با اشاره به مباحث مطرح شده در این طرح، بیان کرد: در این جلسات، عمده مباحث ارائه شده در زمینه احکام، اقامه روضه و پاسخگویی به شبهات و مسائل دینی بوده است.
منتظری به هدف اجرای طرح فلاح اشاره و تصریح کرد: این طرح با هدف ارتقاء و عمق بخشی به باورهای دینی و اصلاح سبک زندگی مددجویان و به منظور ایجاد شبکه ای اجتماعی تبلیغی بر مبنای رویکرد معنوی در منازل و محلات آنها اجرا می شود.
وی خاطر نشان کرد: این جلسات به صورت دوره ای و با حضور روحانیون و کارشناسان به صورت جلسات خانگی برگزار می شود که در این طرح 398 مددجوی روستایی، 365 مددجوی شهری و دیگر افراد به صورت انفرادی از این طرح بهره مند می شوند.مردمنيوز
: بهروز نعمتی سخنگوی هیئت رئیسه مجلس شورای اسلامی با اشاره به جلسه عصر امروز (یکشنبه، ۱۳ آبان) این هیئت، گفت: در جلسه امروز هیئترئیسه مجلس نامه شورای نگهبان درباره لایحه "CFT" مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
وی با بیان اینکه در جلسه امروز هیئترئیسه مجلس زمان اعلام نظر شورای نگهبان درباره لایحه "CFT" مورد بررسی قرار گرفت، افزود: مصوبه مجلس درباره لایحه الحاق ایران به کنوانسیون "CFT" در روز ۱۶ مهر امسال در نامهای به شورای نگهبان ارسال شد و این شورا نیز در مهلت قانونی ۲۰ روزه آن را بررسی و در نهایت در ۶ آبان اعلام نظر کرد.
سخنگوی هیئترئیسه مجلس در پاسخ به این سؤال که "چرا در روز ۶ آبان نظرات شورای نگهبان درباره CFT اعلام نشد؟ "، اظهار داشت: در این رابطه، در نشست امروز هیئترئیسه مجلس نیز مطرح شد که سخنگوی شورای نگهبان عنوان کرده بود که "فعلاً شما اعلام نکنید، زیرا دوستان در مجلس حضور ندارند"، بهطور طبیعی نظرات شورای نگهبان میبایست مانند مصوبات دیگر در زمان خودش اعلام میشد و نمایندگان نیز نظراتشان را مطرح میکردند؛ البته اعضای هیئترئیسه مجلس نسبت به این موضوع گلایه داشتند.
نعمتی با بیان اینکه ایرادات مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام به لایحه CFT امروز در نامهای از طریق شورای نگهبان به مجلس اعلام شده است، گفت: در این شرایط، مدت زمان ۲۰ روز در ارسال نظرات مجمع تشخیص به مجلس، رعایت نشده که قاعدتاً ایرادات مجمع به لایحه CFT در مجلس قابل بررسی نیست.
وی تصریح کرد: روال قانونی درباره نامه شورای نگهبان پیرامون ایرادات به CFT رعایت شده و این ایرادات در کمیسیون امنیت ملی نیز بررسی خواهد شد؛ در صورتی که ایرادات شورای نگهبان رفع شود، این لایحه به قانون تبدیل میشود، در غیر این صورت و با اصرار مجلس بر مصوبه قبلی، لایحه به مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام ارجاع خواهد شد.
سخنگوی هیئترئیسه مجلس در پایان با اشاره به طرح استیضاح وزیر کشور از سوی تعدادی از نمایندگان خاطرنشان کرد: در این جلسه آقای یوسفنژاد عنوان کرد که تعداد امضاهای استیضاح وزیر کشور به حد نصاب ۱۰ امضا نرسیده که قرار شد عصر فردا (دوشنبه، ۱۴ آبان) جلسهای در کمیسیون شوراها برای تعیین تکلیف استیضاح آقای رحمانیفضلی برگزار و نتیجه آن به هیئترئیسه مجلس اعلام شود.
منبع: خبرگزاری تسنیمA Montessori Classroom is divided into several sections, with four main areas: Practical Life, Sensorial, Mathematics, and Language. Each area provides materials specifically targeted to skill development within that domain.
The Practical Life Area, also known as Everyday Living, focuses on the development of social skills, independence, responsibility, motor skills and control, and self-discipline. Students receive demonstrations and engage in a variety of activities in six areas:
- Preliminary activities that involve maintenance of the environment, such as putting away a chair, pouring water, and rolling out a mat for work.
- Care of Self activities that involve hygiene and dressing activities, such as zipping, tying, buttoning, and washing hands.
- Care of the Environment activities that involve folding towels, wiping up a spill, using a dustpan and broom, washing tables, and watering plants.
- Grace and Courtesy lessons such as saying please and thank you, getting someone’s attention politely, greeting someone, and proper table manners.
- Fine Motor activities such as transferring items using tongs and tweezers, cutting, lacing and threading, and opening and closing containers.
- Life Skills activities such as setting a table, wrapping a present, cutting a banana, sharpening pencils, and hammering a nail.
The Sensorial Area focuses on learning through the senses, and is a precursor to many math concepts. Students use materials that differ by size, shape, color, temperature, weight, texture, taste, and smell.
The Mathematics Area engages children on a concrete level so that they are later able to move to the abstract. They begin to understand concepts such as number, addition, subtraction, fractions, square and cube, and time.
The Language Area addresses the complex process involved in developing spoken language, writing, and reading. Children practice the development of sound discrimination, visual discrimination, fine motor skills for handwriting, letter recognition, print knowledge, sequencing, vocabulary, comprehension, and many other skills needed to write and read.Uçak Evlerin Üzerine Düştü: 6 ölü
Şili'nin güneyinde, Los Lagos bölgesinde bulanan Puerto Montt şehrinde küçük bir uçak, iki evin üzerine düştü.Yetkililer kazanın, başkent Santiago’nun bin kilometre güneyinde Puerto Montt kentinde La Paloma pisti yakınında meydana geldiğini bildirdi. Puerto Montt Belediye Başkanı Harry Jurgensen, kalkıştan kısa süre sonra bir evin çatısı üzerine düşen uçakta pilot dahil 6 kişinin yaşamını yitirdiğini açıkladı.
W Radio’nun aktardığına göre 50 yaşlarında bir kadının, uçaktan kopan bir parçanın çarpması sonucu yaralandığı bildirildi. Yetkililer her iki evde de olay esnasında kimsenin bulunmadığını duyurdu.I diritti televisivi 2021-2024 per la UEFA Champions League in Spagna sono stati assegnati a Movistar+. Lo riporta Palco 23, spiegando che la gara non è ancora chiusa, ma fonti molto vicine all’ambiente UEFA assicurano che il gruppo si è imposto su DAZN e altri attori in gara.
La cifra di acquisto – aggiunge Palco 23 – non supererà i 360 milioni di euro a stagione che Movistar+ versa già attualmente per la competizione (oltre un miliardo di euro). Una volta chiuso il bando, Movistar sarà per la prima volta direttamente titolare dei diritti, dato che per il 2018-2021 li ha rilevati da Mediapro.
La UEFA dovrà dunque accontentarsi. La sua speranza era che DAZN presentasse un’offerta al rialzo su alcuni dei nuovi pacchetti creati, ma la gara è stata contemporanea allo scoppio dell’emergenza COVID-19, che ha costretto l’OTT britannica a ridimensionare le proprie ambizioni.
Con questa mossa Movistar+ potrà continuare a puntare sul calcio come elemento principale per attrarre gli abbonati. Nel caso della competizione continentale, resta da vedere come la piattaforma riconfigurerà la sua offerta di canali, o se una volta in suo possesso, offrirà in sublicenza alcuni pacchetti a servizi come DAZN, Mitele o altri potenzialmente interessati.
Questo contratto consentirà a Telefónica – proprietaria di Movistar+ – di raggiungere il suo obiettivo di razionalizzare gli investimenti in diritti sportivi e di dare seguito alla massima: «Siamo disposti a continuare, ma non a tutti i costi».Tuberculosis continues to be one of the greatest infectious disease threats to public health and treatments are becoming more limited. It is caused by human to human airborne transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), a bacterium adapted for life within the resident immune cell of the lung – the alveolar macrophage (AM). The inflammatory mechanisms of the AM are highly regulated to avoid damage to the delicate lung environment and as a result the killing ability of the AM is dampened when encountering the host-adapted M.tb. Understanding the detailed signaling pathways and biology that dictates AM development in the lung holds the key to new treatment and vaccine strategies. This new 5-year, $1,725,083 dollar NIH grant, titled “TB and Innate Immune Regulation of Lung Macrophages,” is to expand a fundamental discovery by the Schlesinger research team on a key regulator of lung macrophage biology, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPAR-γ), whose activity is enhanced by surfactant which the AMs are bathed in. Understanding how M.tb and different components of surfactant regulate PPAR-γ and its downstream immune-related functions will help decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying AM activation in response to M.tb and other intracellular pathogens. Thus, results from this research may identify PPAR-γ as a potential target for novel host-directed therapies for tuberculosis.Although it is noncancerous, asbestosis is one of the most severe diseases caused by a constant exposure to asbestos. Practically, this disease is described by severe scars on the lungs. It is quite common in people who work in asbestos factories or construction workers. Smokers experience even higher risks to develop this problem. Aside from the actual scars, patients will develop a gradual breath shortness, as well as painful sensations in the chest and a constant cough. If you are worried about this condition, you’ll find out more: this page has all the required information to protect yourself under specific circumstances.Behind the chubby cheeks and bright eyes of babies as young as 8 months lies the smoothly whirring mind of a social statistician, logging our every move and making odds on what a person is most likely to do next, suggests new research in the journal Infancy.
"Even before they can talk, babies are keeping close track of what's going on in front of them and looking for patterns of activity that may suggest preferences," said study co-author Lori Markson, associate professor of psychological & brain sciences and director of the Cognition & Development Lab at Washington University in St. Louis. "Make the same choice three or four times in a row, and babies as young as 8 months come to view that consistent behavior as a preference."
The findings demonstrated that infants look for consistent patterns of behavior and make judgements about people's preferences based on simple probabilities calculated from observed events and actions.
Co-led by Yuyan Luo, an associate professor of psychological sciences at the University of Missouri-Columbia, the study may shed light on how
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up call, alerting people to treasures in trouble and rousing efforts to save them,” said Richard Moe, president of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. “This list has helped save some very significant pieces of our nation’s heritage, and we’re extremely proud of that fact – but past successes are not enough. Important historic sites are still in danger, and we must continue to protect the places that tell America’s story.”
The list has brought national attention to 168 significant buildings, sites and landscapes. At times, that attention has garnered public support to quickly rescue a treasured landmark; while in other instances, it has been the impetus of a long battle to save an important piece of our history. The America’s 11 Most Endangered Historic Places list has been so successful in educating the public about the importance of preserving our nation’s history that more than 20 states and many communities now publish their own lists of endangered historic places.
Among the many sites that have been listed are Vieux Carré in New Orleans; Ellis Island in New York Harbor; the Kennecott Copper Mines in Alaska; Bethlehem Steel Plant in Bethlehem, Pa.; Ennis House in Los Angeles; and “The Journey Through Hallowed Ground” Corridor in Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Each represents preservation challenges facing thousands of communities.
To ensure that the most threatened sites are chosen, the National Trust uses three primary criteria to determine the 11 finalists: significance, urgency, and potential solutions. For information about the application process and to download the application, visit http://www.nationaltrust.org/11Most/nomination.html or call (202) 588-6141. Completed nominations must be postmarked by Jan. 18.
The National Trust for Historic Preservation is a private, nonprofit membership organization dedicated to saving historic places and revitalizing America’s communities. Recipient of the National Humanities Medal, the Trust was founded in 1949 and provides leadership, education, advocacy, and resources to protect the irreplaceable places that tell America’s story.
Staff at the Washington, D.C., headquarters, six regional offices and 26 historic sites work with the Trust’s 270,000 members and thousands of preservation groups in all 50 states. For more details, visit the Trust’s Web site at http://www.nationaltrust.orgیک اقدامی که می تواند در ایام پر رفت و آمد مفید باشد این است که عبور و مرور تانکر های حامل مواد سوختی مدیریت شود و در زمان هایی که خیلی حساس باشد تردد آنها ممنوع گردد. جلودارزاده اظهار داشت: به هر حال الزام و نظارت بیشتری در جاده ها باید باشد و رفت و آمدها و بازآموزی و قوانین رانندگی و استفاده از رسانه ها برای یادآوری مطلب به همه کسانی که به خصوص در جاده ها رانندگی می کنند می تواند موثر باشد و به هر حال احتیاط شرط عقل و ضرورت حفظ امنیت و جان است و خوب است که همه رعایت کنند. وی خاطر نشان کرد: مجلس در چنین مواردی می تواند از وزیر کشور و وزیر راه و شهرسازی سوال کند، استیضاح کند، تذکر دهد، بررسی کند و در مورد علل چنین اتفاقاتی تحقیق و تفحص داشته باشد متاسفانه در سال های اخیر پشت سر هم انواع وسایل حمل و نقل دچار مشکل می شوند از هواپیما، قطار تا خودرو شخصی و عمومی. نماینده مردم تهران، ری، شمیرانات و اسلام شهر در مجلس شورای اسلامی تاکید کرد: آموزش های ما امروز مستمر نیست یک بار در سن 18 سالگی گواهینامه می دهیم و بعد هم نظارتی بر نحوه تخلفات یا نیست یا اگر هم هست صوری است این گونه نیست که به طور مثال دقت بشود راننده پر تخلف دیگر گواهینامه اش باطل بشود یا این که دوره های آموزشی زیاد داشته باشیم. جلودارزاده با بیان این که در 10 سال اخیر یک سیر نزولی در تلفات جاده ای داشتیم ولی در دو سال اخیر زیاد شده است، تصریح کرد: وقتی در یک کاری به سمت موفقیت حرکت می کنیم بعد دیگر لگام کنترل را شل می کنیم و فکر می کنیم که دیگر مشکل کم شده و موضوع را رها می کنیم.Electrician Tulsa I Who Invented Electricity?
Content written for electric city
Who invented electrician Tulsa? It is kind of a tricky question because electricity is Just Energy which cannot be invented. But there are many people who throughout history were influential in studying electricity and making new discoveries and products so that it is now what we use and depend on today.
Some people think Benjamin Franklin discovered electricity or is the father of electricity. He is well known for his experiments with Kites and lightning. He did do a lot of work and many experiments with electricity and proved that electrical power could be beneficial even though it was very dangerous. Although he did not invent it he certainly was one of the first written Scholars to discover the potential that electric energy could have for men.
Many people also know that Thomas Edison invented the first light bulb. He was the one to first use electrical energy to provide light. After many many failed tries he discovered how to conduct electrical energy into a lightbulb he hadn’t created and make a glowing light without the use of candles and Fire. This light could also last much longer than candles and be turned off and on with a switch which was much faster and safer then using candles. Although light bulbs have come a long way since then he was the first one to be able to create a working light bulb.
They’re all are also many other electrician Tulsa electricians and scientists enter who invented electricity? It is kind of a tricky question because electricity is just Energy which cannot be invented. But there are many people who threw out history were influential in studying electricity and making new discoveries and inventions so we really have many people to thank for electricity that we enjoy today.
The great thing is is that people are still trying to understand energy and exactly how it works. Even though we understand so much more then Benjamin Franklin, we do not understand everything. So that means that there are people who are still studying electrical energy and trying to harness its power to do even more good and more inspiring things that will increase our enjoyment of life. Electrical energy is something that we all use and depend on every day that we live whether we think about it or not. How different would your life be without it? Many of the comforts that you know would be gone. We often do not realize how much we use electrical energy until it is not available and then we understand why was so important for those people to do those experiments and make electricity available to everyone.
So whether or not your thing Benjamin Franklin was responsible or Thomas Edison, or any other number of people, the point is that it was a process that continues to evolve today to become better and more useful to mankind, and hopefully we will continue to improve on it to make it even better for the next generation of Electrician Tulsa.紫金社区网为大家整理分享以下内容，希望帮助大家学习 一、雅典的奥林匹亚宙斯神殿是个什么样的景点？
奥林匹亚宙斯神殿位于奥林匹亚体育场和卫城之间的一片废墟之上，是古希腊最大的神庙之一。在2500多年前，古希腊人民为感谢宇宙主神宙斯的庇护，按照伊奥尼亚风格开始修建宙斯神庙，用来供奉宙斯。后来神庙又经过了多位建筑师的设计，变成为典型的科林斯式石柱风格，而且一概使用大理石。
可惜在公元前86年时，罗马指挥官苏拉攻占了雅典，破坏了尚未完成的建筑，将一部分石柱和其他建材拆下来运到罗马。直到今天，在罗马市中心的古罗马广场遗址上，还能看见它们。但是，希腊的建筑师依然没放弃这座伟大的建筑，在他们的精心打造下，神庙终于在公元前2世纪的哈德良时期落成。
据说当时整个神庙坐落在一块205米长，130米宽的地基上。神庙以表面铺上灰泥的石灰岩建成，殿顶则使用大理石兴建而成。神庙本身长107。75米，宽41米，共有104根科林斯柱。每根石柱高达17。25米，顶端直径达1。3米，约计用了1。55万吨的大理石。
而在神庙中，最著名的还数用象牙和黄金塑造的宙斯塑像。
二、离雅典机场最近的景点是什？
机场一般离景点都不近的
雅典的主要景点卫城、宪法广场、古代市集、埃尔毛,没有离雅典近的,还是坐地铁或机场大巴去市内看吧
差不多吧,有名的感觉都集中在市区里。硬要说交通方便就是宪法广场咯,X95下来就到,但这地方5分钟就逛完了。
三、去雅典旅游要去哪些景点？
卫城,老街(可以逛街几念品),宙斯神庙等.雅典治安很烂,晚上最好不要单独出去.我去的时候见到有很多黑人在那里游荡
紫金社区网(52zijin.com)有影响力的生活知识分享平台！
未经允许不得转载：紫金社区网 » 宙斯神像在奥林匹亚的神殿由来，奥林匹亚神庙中的宙斯像是古代世界七大奇迹之一The three airliners, HP42 'Horatius', a French Loire et Olivier 213 and an Italian Siai Marchetti, prepare for the Christmas rush. The Handley Page HP42 was the most famous Imperial Airways airliner of the period. It first flew in at Radlett in 1930 and entered service in June 1931. The eight aircraft served until 1941 in different versions over routes to Australasia and Africa. It was powered by four Bristol Jupiter engines and carried 24 pasengers and four crew at about 100mph.
© Science Museum / Science & Society Picture LibraryMcAfee's just released study, "The Secret Life of Teens" is actually a reassuring portrait of how most young people are exercising reasonable caution in their use of technology. The study, conducted by Harris Interactive, included interviews with almost 1,400 10- to 17-year-olds.
The survey reported that "almost half of youth (46 percent) admit to having given out their personal information to someone they didn't know over the Internet," but when they break it down, the survey reveals that "when they do reveal personal information online, youth are most likely to share their first name (36 percent), age (28 percent), and/or e-mail address (19 percent). Only around 1 in 10 have given out slightly more personal information like a photo of themselves, their school name, last name, cell phone number, or a description of what they look like.
It's also reassuring to read in the study report that "youth draw the line at giving out personally identifiable information such as their parents' names, home address, or school address, and virtually no teens report having given out their Social Security number."
When it comes to cyberbullying, the report also paints a more optimistic picture than we've seen from some other studies. Only 11 percent "admit to ever engaging in some form of cyberbullying behavior. The report goes on to show that the percentage of teens reporting that they have "ever been bullied or harassed online decreased substantially from 15 percent in 2008 to 8 percent in 2010. Far from an increase, that's an impressive 47 percent decline in two years.
Source: cnet newsAcidità di stomaco: quali alimenti consigliati
L'acidità di stomaco viene spesso considerato un disturbo a sè stante, ma invece dovrebbe essere considerato come il sintomo di problemi diversi, quali l'esofagite da reflusso, la gastrite o l'ulcera duodenale. In questi casi, a parte ai farmaci consigliati dal medico, che spesso non risolvono il problema in maniera definitiva, si possono adottare alcune accortezze nell'alimentazione di tutti i giorni.
Innanzitutto è molto importante masticare con lentezza e mangiare seduti, senza fretta. Poi ci sono degli alimenti assolutamente sconsigliati, come il pomodoro, il caffè, le spezie o gli alcolici ed altri che invece aiuterebbero molto a risolvere o attutire il problema.
Alcuni ortaggi, primo tra tutti il carciofo, favoriscono l'attività del fegato e proteggono la mucosa dello stomaco, favorendo la cicatrizzazione delle ferite e stimolando la produzione di nuove cellule. Tra la frutta, la migliore è invece la mela, utile soprattutto quando i disturbi digestivi sono in qualche modo collegati e causati da ansia ed eccessiva eccitazione nervosa.
Foto | FlickrSocial care services are based in the community and are designed for assessing the needs of, and providing support to, people with any social needs due to mental or physical disabilities.
Residential care, supported living schemes, social groups, and respite care are among the many different kinds of social care service for autistic people
Social care services are provided on the basis that some autistic people and their families are unable to obtain all of the support that they need by themselves.
In the UK, those services may be provided by the local social services/social work department, by a social enterprise or not-for-profit organisation, or by a parent or carer.
Research suggests that some autistic people need some support that their families may not be able to provide. Some families may also need some forms of support. Determining the benefits of most social care services for autistic people is not currently possible. We must wait for further research of sufficiently high quality to be completed.
The majority of social care services are well-run and pose no risks for autistic people. However, a number of high-profile cases have shown that some social care services are not well run and may pose very significant risks. The Winterbourne View residential home (in which the residents were emotionally and physically abused by staff) is probably the most notorious and the Slade House assessment and treatment unit (where a young adult with learning disabilities and epilepsy drowned while unattended) was also widely publicised at the time.
Advocacy is taking action to help people say what they want, secure their rights, represent their interests and obtain services they need.
Self Advocacy when someone takes action on their own behalf, for example when an autistic person speaks up for themselves.
Advocates include autistic people, parents, carers, service providers or paid specialists.
An advocate may work on a short term or specific issue, such as an immediate crisis, or they may work with someone longer term on a range of issues.
Mentoring is process of supporting and encouraging someone else to maximise their potential, develop their skills, improve their performance and become the person they want to be.
Mentoring is not the same as befriending which is when someone volunteers to become a friend for a while.
Mentoring programmes may be aimed at specific groups of people (such as adults or students) and may be delivered as stand-alone interventions or as part of combined, multi-component interventions.
Please see Publications on Mentoring
Residential care is a service where an autistic person lives in a home and requires high levels of support.
The residential service may be specifically for autistic people or may be targeted for people with learning disabilities and autism or other groups.
Some residential care homes involve service users in decision making, support service users in doing things independently and accessing the community, provide a variety of leisure and social environments, and respect people’s privacy.
Please see Publications on Residential Care
Short breaks, also known as respite care, consist of regular, short breaks during which autistic individuals spend some time away from their immediate family.
Respite carers help autistic people to enjoy opportunities and take part in activities that they may not otherwise get, such as trips to the seaside.
During the break, parents and siblings are given a break from the demands of caring for the autistic person. They get time for themselves and the chance to enjoy their own company
Please see Publications on Short Breaks
Social groups provide an opportunity for people to meet others with the same or a similar diagnosis and also provide an opportunity for autistic people to improve their social skills in a safe, supportive environment.
The groups are usually facilitated by professionals or volunteers but offer flexibility in the leisure activities they provide. For example, some may focus on one activity, such as drama, and others may offer a wider range of activities.
Social groups differ from social skills groups in that they are less focused on learning skills and more focused on providing opportunities for people to participate in mainstream leisure
Please see Publications on Social Groups
Support groups are groups of individuals who provide a variety of help and other forms of support to each other.
Some support groups are designed to help individuals on the autism spectrum while others are designed to help parents and carers or professionals and paraprofessionals.
Some support groups are facilitated by professionals while others are run entirely by the group members. Some groups meet face to face while others meet online.
Please see Publications on Support Group
Supported living is where the autistic person is supported to choose where they live, whether anyone lives with them, and who supports them.
The people in supported living are supported to manage their day-to-day lives including having a tenancy agreement, paying their bills and accessing the community.
Supported living can be adapted to the individual needs of the person being supported.
Some people will still have high levels of need (24-hour care) while others may need one or two hours a day or a few hours a week.
Please see Publications on Supported Living眼尖的 Firefox 用户可能已经注意到，Mozilla 最近在稳定版本的 Firefox 中更新了新的系统附加组件。该加载项的唯一目的就是能够启用对 TLS 1.3，即下一代（Transport Layer Security）传输层安全协议版本的支持。
TLS 1.3 协议版本于 2018 年 3 月 21 日完成，与先前版本的协议相比，TLS 1.3 被普遍认为更快、更安全。当然，要使用它需要 Web 浏览器 和 Internet 服务同时支持才行。
要验证您的 Firefox 浏览器是否已经启用了对 TLS 1.3 的支持，可以使用以下步骤：
1在 Firefox 地址栏中执行 about:config 打开浏览器配置选项
2 使用 ctrl + f 快捷键搜索 security.tls.version 这个「首选项名称」并双击打开，查看该首选项的值。
首选项 security.tls.version.max 值用以确定 Firefox 支持的最高 TLS 协议级别。如果它设置为 3，则支持 TLS 1.2。如果将其值设置为 4，则可启用 Firefox 对 TLS 1.3 的支持。
您可以在 SSLLabs 网站上对浏览器所支持的协议和安全功能进行检查。 如果 security.tls.version.max 首选项设置为 4，应该可以看到浏览器支持 TLS 1.
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審法庭、大審法庭、
抗訴法院
和終審法院。終審法院是最高一級司法機關，負責受理對35個抗訴法院所作判決的抗訴。院長居伊·加尼韋（Guy KANIVET）。
行政法院是最高
行政訴訟
機關，下設行政法庭。行政法院對行政法令的合法性作最後裁決，並充當政府在制定法律草案方面的顧問。
法國的
檢察機關
沒有獨立的
組織系統
，其職能由各級法院中配備的
檢察官
行使。檢察官雖派駐在法院內，但行使職能獨立於法院。檢察官的管理權屬於
法務部
。最高法院設總檢察長1人，檢察官若干人；抗訴法院設檢察長1人，檢察官若干人；大審法院設檢察官1人，代理檢察官和
助理檢察官
若干人。
政黨
（1）
共和國前進黨
（La République en Marche ! ，縮寫REM）：執政黨和國民議會第一大黨。前身為馬克龍於2016年4月領導創建的“前進”運動（En March ！）。其核心創始成員大多來自社會黨改革派和民間社會，後又陸續吸納了大量來自右翼溫和派、中間派等其他派別成員。2017年5月更名為共和國前進黨。6月贏得立法選舉，取得國民議會的絕對控制權。號稱黨員和支持者近40萬人。主張超越傳統左右翼理念分歧和黨派之爭，兼容並蓄，博採眾長。經濟上奉行右翼自由主義，倡導改革創新，推行以促進就業、增強市場活力為核心的經濟政策；社會政策上奉行左翼價值觀，重視民生教育，維護社會公平正義和穩定；外交政策上堅持以獨立自主為核心的“戴高樂-密特朗主義”，以歐盟為重點，努力捍衛歐洲一體化，平衡發展同世界各大國的關係，努力維護法國在歐盟內部和國際舞台上的地位和影響力。
（2）
共和國人黨
（Les Républicains，簡稱LR）：主要反對黨和參議院第一大黨、國民議會第二大黨，屬中右政黨。原人民運動聯盟黨，2015年5月更名共和國人黨。前身系2002年總統大選中的競選聯盟，核心為原保衛共和聯盟（戴黨），並吸收了自由民主黨和法蘭西民主聯盟的主要力量。黨員約23萬人，多為職員、官員、自由職業者、商人、農民和工人等。現任黨主席為洛朗·沃基耶（Laurent Wauquiez），2017年12月當選。總體而言，在經濟上遵循自由主義路線；安全上主張加強法制建設和安全保障，維護社會秩序；社會上主張適度收緊移民政策，強調法蘭西民族身份認同。
（3）
社會黨
（Parti Socialiste，簡稱PS）：反對黨，左翼政黨。前身是1905年成立的“工人國際法國支部”，1920年發生分裂，多數派另組共產黨，少數派則保留原名。1969年改組成立社會黨，1971年與其他左翼組織合併，仍用現名。號稱黨員和支持者約12萬人，多為公職人員和知識分子。現任黨首為奧利維耶·富爾（Olivier Faure）。該黨對內注意體現左翼政黨色彩，主張維護勞工利益，同時採取務實的經濟政策；對外主張維護法國獨立核力量，推動歐洲一體化建設，並加強南北對話。
（4）
國民聯盟
（Rassemblement National，簡稱RN）：極右翼政黨，成立於1972年10月，原名“國民陣線”（Front National），2018年6月1日，正式更名“國民聯盟“。 黨員約7.5萬人，多為中小工商業者。1986年議會選舉中首次進入國民議會。代表極端民族主義思潮，強調“要把法國從歐洲控制和世界主義中拯救出來”。現任主席瑪麗娜·勒龐（Marine LE PEN，女），2011年1月當選。近年來，在歐債危機爆發、法國經濟復甦乏力、失業率居高不下、難民危機和恐怖主義接踵而至的影響下，國民陣線藉機大打移民、安全、就業牌，民意支持持續沖高。目前號稱擁有黨員8.3萬人。
（5）
不屈的法國
（France insoumise）：極左翼政黨。成立於2016年2月。創始人兼主席為法國左翼政治家讓–呂克·梅朗雄（Jean–Luc Mélenchon）。該組織意識形態是共和主義、生態主義、左翼民粹主義、環境保護主義、另類全球化、歐洲懷疑主義。號稱黨員和支持者超過5.5萬。
（6）
民主與獨立派聯盟
（Union des démocrates et indépendants，簡稱UDI）：中間派政黨，成立於2012年9月。黨員2萬人。現任主席讓–克里斯多夫·拉加德（Jean–Christophe Lagarde），2014年11月13日當選。該黨定位為“開放、富有建設性的反對派”，“平和、可信的替代力量”，歐洲一體化建設、綠色增長和經濟競爭力是其首要關切，提出建設“人性化的自由主義”。
（7）
法國共產黨
（Parti Communiste Français，簡稱PCF）：現有黨員約7萬—8萬，多為工人、雇員、教員、手工業者等。現任全國書記法比安·魯塞爾（Fabien Roussel）。1920年12月成立。二戰後初期達到頂峰，最多時擁有黨員80多萬，曾是法第一大黨。但此後在法經濟結構發生深刻變化和國內外政治風雲變幻的背景下，法共應對乏力，力量和影響不斷下降，逐漸淪為邊緣小黨。
其他政黨有：
中間派：
民主運動
（Mouvement démocrate）、
我們公民
（Nous Citoyens）、
共和人民聯盟
（Union populaire républicaine）、
公民運動-共和之極
（Mouvement des Citoyens—Pôle Républicain）等
右翼：
法蘭西站起來
（Debout la France）、
法蘭西運動
（Mouvement pour la France）、
基督教民主黨
（Parti chrétien-démocrate）、
團結共和黨
（République solidaire）等。
左翼：
共和與公民運動
（Mouvement Républicain et Citoyen）、
歐洲生態-綠黨
（Europe Ecologie les Verts）、
進步主義者運動
（Mouvement des progressistes）等。
極右：
全國共和運動
（Mouvement National Républicain）、
南方聯盟
（Ligue du Sud）、
土地和人民
（Terre et Peuple）等。
極左：
工人鬥爭黨
（Lutte Ouvrière）、
左翼陣線
（Front de Gauche）、
獨立工人黨
（Parti ouvrier indépendant）、
法國工人共產黨
（Parti communiste des ouvriers de France）等。
政要 總理 愛德華·菲利普
：1970年11月28日出生於法國
魯昂
。先後就讀於巴黎政治學院和法國國家行政學院。曾擔任律師、勒阿弗爾市副市長、市議會議員，2010年起任勒阿弗爾市市長，2012年當選國民議會議員。2017年5月15日出任馬克龍總統首屆政府總理，後在6月19日政府改組中連任。
經濟 體制
法國是世界主要
已開發國家
之一，國內生產總值位居世界第五。法國是僅次於美國的世界第二大農產品出口國，第三產業在法國經濟中所占比重逐年上升，其中電信、信息、旅遊服務和交通運輸部門業務量增幅較大，
服務業
從業人員約占總勞動力的70%。
由於發債問題，法國發行了43億歐元的10年期國債。儘管融資規模達到了預期上限，但收益率情況卻並不樂觀。平均的中標收益率為2.98%，超過了3月1日同類發行中的2.91%。認購倍數為2.56倍。在法國國債發行結果公布後，該國基準的10年期國債價格走低。10年期法國國債收益率周四早盤升至3%上方，5年和30年期法國國債的收益率也不同程度走高。
貨幣
法國的法定貨幣為
歐元
。1999年1月1日，法國和其他11個歐洲國家共同參與使用歐元，並在2002年初正式開始使用歐元硬幣和紙幣，完全取代之前的
法國法郎
。截至2014年4月19日，1歐元=8.60人民幣元,1歐元=1.38美元。
法國外匯儲備主要由黃金、外匯存款及外國有價證券、在國際貨幣基金組織中的特別提款權組成。自2000年5月以來，法國根據歐洲中央銀行系統實行的標準結算外匯儲備，以月底匯率為基準進行換算，並用歐元計價。截至2012年5月底（5月份的數據使用的官方換算標準為1歐元兌換1.2403美元），外匯儲備為1630.15億歐元（約合2021.87億美元）；黃金儲備982.34億歐元（約合1218.4億美元）；外匯存款及外國有價證券為460.93億歐元（約合571.7億美元），包括特別提款權在內的國際貨幣基金組織債權182.59億歐元（約合226.5億美元），其他儲備資產4.29億歐元（約合5.3億美元）。
工業
法國工業產值約占國內生產總值的11.2%。主要工業部門有汽車製造、造船、機械、紡織、化學、電子、日常消費品、食品加工和建築業等，鋼鐵、汽車和建築業為三大工業支柱。核能、石油化工、海洋開發、航空和宇航等新興工業部門近年來發展較快。核電設備能力、石油和石油加工技術僅次於美國，居世界第二位；航空和宇航工業僅次於美國和俄羅斯，居世界第三位。鋼鐵、紡織業居世界第六位。
農業
法國是歐盟最大的農業生產國，也是世界主要農產品和農業食品出口國，擁有29家全球500強企業。據法國農業部資料：2016年農業產值718億歐元，同比上升3.2%。農業人口約90萬。本土農業用地2884萬公頃，約占本土面積的54%。
農業的傳統地區結構為：中北部地區是穀物、油料、蔬菜、甜菜的主產區，西部和山區為飼料作物主產區，地中海沿岸和西南部地區為多年生作物（葡萄、水果）的主產區。法國已基本實現農業機械化，農業生產率很高。農業食品加工業是法國對外貿易的支柱產業之一。
2016年主要農產品產量如下：糧食作物5420萬噸（其中小麥2930萬噸，玉米1190萬噸），土豆700萬噸，油料作物630萬噸，蛋白質作物80萬噸。2016年畜牧業存欄數：牛1940萬頭，豬1270萬頭，綿羊700萬頭，山羊130萬頭。
商業
法國商業十分發達，創收最多的是食品銷售，在種類繁多的商店中，超級市場和連鎖店最具活力，幾乎占全部
商業活動
的一半。電子商務在法國異軍突起，2009年法國網購銷售額達250億歐元，與2008年同比增長了26%。據FEVAD預測，2010年電子商務的營業額有可能超過300億歐元，增長24%，2012年將達450億歐元。巴黎是世界性的消費中心，大量的高檔時裝、香水、化妝品以及
波爾多紅酒
吸引著世界各地的消費者前來購物消費。
旅遊業
法國是世界第一大旅遊接待國。2017年，旅遊產值占國內生產總值8%，直接或間接創造就業崗位約200萬個。2017年，法國本土接待外國遊客8700萬人。旅遊從業人員約110萬人，旅行社6396家。全國有18172家酒店和11727家各類小旅店、野外宿營地、青年之家等。2010年，法國連續五年被評為全球最適合居住的國家。首都巴黎、
地中海
和
大西洋
沿岸的風景區及
阿爾卑斯山
區都是舉世聞名旅遊勝地，此外還有一些歷史名城、羅亞爾河畔的
古堡
群、布列塔尼和
諾曼第
的漁村、科西嘉島等。
服務業 服務業
在法國民經濟和社會生活中占有舉足輕重的地位，自20世紀70年代以來發展較快，連鎖式經營相當發達，已擴展至零售、運輸、房地產、旅館、娛樂業等多種行業。據法國國家經濟研究與統計局數據，2016年服務業用工占總就業人口的75.8%。法國大型零售超市眾多，擁有家樂福（Carrefour）、歐尚（Auchan）等世界著名品牌。
對外貿易
法國與世界各大地區和100多個國家有貿易往來，世界第五大出口國和第六大進口國。據法國國家經濟研究與統計局數據：2017年進出口總額10088億歐元，貿易逆差623億歐元。近年來，法國政府把促進出口作為帶動經濟成長的重要手段，在保持和擴大原有國際市場的同時，積極開發拉美、亞太等地區市場。
法國進口商品主要有能源和工業原料等，出口商品主要有機械、汽車、化工產品、鋼鐵、農產品、食品、服裝、化妝品和軍火等。法國對外貿易的70%在歐洲國家內部進行。美國是法國在歐盟之外的最大貿易夥伴。
對外投資
2016年，法國對外直接投資518億歐元。法國對外投資主要集中在歐盟成員國，對美國和石油輸出國組織成員國、非洲、拉美的投資也較高，並以工業、能源、服務部門為主。大多數投資採用企業兼併或購買公司股份的形式。
外來投資
近年，外國對法國服務業和工業部門的投資加快，主要領域有機械、汽車、化工產品、鋼鐵、農產品、食品、服裝等。2016年，外國資本在法直接投資新增256億歐元，德、美、比、盧、瑞士、日等國是法國主要外資來源國。
文化 文學 藝術
近現代，法國的藝術在繼承傳統的基礎上頗有創新，不但出現了
羅丹
這樣的雕塑藝術大師，也出現了像
莫奈
和
馬蒂斯
等印象派、
野獸派
的代表人物。從17世紀開始，法國在工業設計、藝術設計領域的世界領先地位早已有目共睹。有關實用美術、建築、
時裝設計
、工業設計專業的學校也早已憑藉其“法國製造”的商業碩果而聞名海外。
法國坎城國際電影節 阿維尼翁戲劇節
由法國戲劇導演讓·維拉爾於1947年創立。當時剛從二戰陰影中走出的法國正在努力重建，戲劇節的宗旨就是為了推動法國文化藝術的復甦與發展，讓高雅的戲劇藝術走出殿堂、走入民間。阿維尼翁戲劇節每年夏天在被聯合國教科文組織列為
世界文化遺產
的法國南部小城
阿維尼翁
舉行，已成為歐洲現代戲劇集中展示的大舞台。
媒體 ●報刊
法國主要的報刊有：《
費加羅報
》、《
世界報
》、《
法蘭西晚報
》、《
解放報
》、《巴黎日報》。地方報紙主要有：《西部法蘭西報》，它是法國發行量最大的報紙；《北方之聲》；《
獨立報
》；《阿爾薩斯訊息》（DNA)。主要周刊有：《
快報
》、《
觀點
》、《
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اولین مشاور امنیت ملی خود خدمت می کرد ، یک عمل ترحم آمیز بود.
نیازی نیست طرفدار نحوه استفاده ترامپ از قدرت بخشودگی خود باشید (غالباً بی پروا و از طرف دوستان و هواداران) یا اینکه معتقد باشید فلین به عنوان مشاور امنیت ملی انتخاب خوبی بوده یا رفتار معقولانه ای داشته است. صادقانه چند سال گذشته (او نیست) اعتراف کند که چنین است.
فلین هرگز نباید مورد تحقیقات FBI قرار می گرفت. رفتار اف بی آی در مصاحبه با فلین مذموم بود. و بخشش تعادل مناسب دادستانی را بازیابی می کند ، که این امر از رفتار ناعادلانه قاضی دادگاه منطقه ای فدرال امت سالیوان منحرف شده است.
این فقط به دلیل طغیانهای بی معنی قاضی سالیوان است که فلین در 18 دسامبر 2018 محکوم و محکوم نشد. سپس فلین ، که در آن زمان می خواست سر خود را رقت انگیز بگذارد ، برای محکومیت پیش بینی شده در برابر سالیوان حاضر شد.
در پایان سال 2017 ، فلین در مقابل یک قاضی متفاوت به اتهام اظهارات نادرست به دولت ، گناه خود را پذیرفت. این شامل سه سوال بود: الف) دروغ FBI در مورد دامنه مباحثه خود با سرگئی کیسلیاک ، سفیر روسیه در جریان انتقال ترامپ درباره تحریم های رئیس جمهور اوباما برای مداخله مسکو در انتخابات 2016 ؛ (ب) دروغ گفتن FBI در مورد بحث انتقال با کیسلیاک و دیگر رهبران خارجی ، که در آن وی مخالفت با قطعنامه سازمان ملل متحد را که پشت صحنه اوباما برای محکوم کردن فعالیت شهرک سازی اسرائیل پشتیبانی می کند ، خواستار شد. و (ج) در اسناد قانون ثبت عوامل خارجی (FARA) ارائه شده به وزارت دادگستری در مورد مشارکت دولت ترکیه در پروژه ای که شرکت اطلاعات خصوصی فلین روی آن کار می کند نهفته است.
هیچ یک از این موارد به عنوان یک پرونده جنایی جدی نبود. فلین در طی مکالمات خود با کیسلیاک ، به عنوان یک مقام رسمی در حال گذار ، به عنوان محافظ عالی امنیت برای رئیس جمهور آینده فعالیت می کرد و برای وی مناسب بود که در چنین بحث هایی شرکت کند. فلین کاری نکرد که تحریم های اوباما را خدشه دار کند و مبادلات وی در مورد قطعنامه (نفرت انگیز) اسرائیل تاثیری نداشت. درگیری فلین با عوامل رژیم اردوغان نگران کننده است ، اما به ندرت اتفاق می افتد که وزارت دادگستری از طریق پیگرد قانونی با تخلفات FARA برخورد کند. با توجه به طرف دیگر دفتر ، یعنی داستان فلین به عنوان یک فرمانده جنگی تزئین شده که بیش از 30 سال با افتخار به ایالات متحده خدمت کرده است ، این یک پرونده آسان بود: به عنوان اولین مجرم به جرم جنایی در سو susp ظن به توطئه جنایتکارانه بین کمپین ترامپ و روسیه – بی اساس بود ، فلین مجبور شد به هیچ زندان محکوم شود.
سالیوان پرونده را پس از استعفا judge قاضی اول به ارث برد. به اعتبار وی ، او تنها به متن اقرار اولیه فلین اعتماد نکرد. از آنجایی که وکلای دفاع و دفاع فلین علناً اظهار داشتند که وی بی گناه است و مجبور به اعتراف به جرم شد ، سالیوان دومین مصاحبه اعتراض به جرم را برگزار کرد. تحت سوگند ، فلین اعتراف كرد كه وی عمداً ادعاهایی نادرست كرده است كه خود را به دلیل مقصر بودن خود متهم كرده و مجبور به اعتراف نکرده است ، كه توسط FBI گرفتار نشده و هیچ گونه شكایتی در مورد وكالت ارائه شده توسط وكلا ندارد. وی همچنین پیشنهادات مكرر سالیوان را برای اجازه دادن به درخواست خود پس گرفتن و مبارزه با پرونده رد كرد.
اما پس از آن سالیوان فریب خورد. علی رغم ماهیت نسبتاً جزئی جرم فلین ، قاضی به فلین اطلاع داد که “تخریب کرده است[d] همه چیز “به معنای” پرچم آمریکا “و” شما ممکن است کشور خود را فروخته باشید “. به عنوان یک اقدام خوب ، سالیوان افزود: “من انزجار و بی اعتنایی خود را نسبت به این جنایت پنهان نمی کنم” و پرسید آیا دادستان قضاوت کرده است که آیا فلین “می تواند به خیانت متهم شود” ، تهمتی که سالیوان بعداً برای آن عذرخواهی کرد. این عملکرد عجیب باعث شد که فلین درخواست محکومیت فوری خود را پس بگیرد. فلین با دیدن اینکه در برابر چه چیزی مخالف است ، وکیل جدید مبارزه (سیدنی پاول ، معروف به “تکان دادن کراکن”) را نگه داشت و با حفظ بی گناهی خود با این اتهام مبارزه کرد ، هرچند که دو بار جزئیات جرم خود را پذیرفت.
واضح است که سالیوان مانع تصمیم بعدی وزارت دادگستری برای بستن پرونده فلین می شود. همچنین به نظر می رسد انگیزه وی از این درک این بوده است که اگر غیرقانونی اشتباه خود نبود ، پرونده دو سال پیش بسته شده بود.
دادستان کل بیل بار در حال بررسی پرونده فلین است به عنوان بخشی از تحقیقات وزارت دادگستری در مورد ریشه های سیاسی تحقیقات ترامپ و روسیه. این بررسی که توسط وکیل مدافع سنت لوئیس در ایالات متحده انجام شد ، یک دادستان باتجربه و نماینده سابق FBI ، نشان داد که مبنای ضعیفی برای تحقیق در مورد فلین وجود دارد – که از نظر مقامات اوباما بسیار محبوب نبود. اوباما وی را به عنوان رئیس آژانس اطلاعات دفاعی برکنار کرد و سپس فلین به کارزار ترامپ پیوست و علناً به سیاست خارجی و ضدتروریسم اوباما ضربه زد.
هیچ مدرکی وجود نداشت که فلین یک عامل خارجی غیرقانونی باشد یا مرتکب جرائم جنایی شده باشد – و بنابراین هیچ پیش بینی منطقی برای ضد جاسوسی یا تحقیقات جنایی وجود ندارد. هنوز هم ، FBI در حال تحقیق در مورد فلین است که وی یک پسر کرملین است. پس از پیروزی ترامپ در انتخابات 2016 ، دفتر ابتدا به این نتیجه رسید که تحقیقات مضحک وی باید بسته شود ، اما سپس به بهانه گفتگوهای فلین با کیسلیاک برای طولانی شدن آن استفاده کرد.
بدون درخواست مجوز از وزارت دادگستری یا وکیل کاخ سفید ، همانطور که در سوابق لازم است ، رئیس وقت FBI جیمز کومی به ماموران دستور داد در اولین روز کامل خود به عنوان مشاور امنیت ملی با فلین در کاخ سفید مصاحبه کنند. اندرو مک کیب ، معاون وقت اف بی آی ، با ترغیب فلین به کاخ سفید هشدار نداد و یا وکیل دادگستری را نرم کرد. مأموران مصاحبه ، از جمله پیتر استیوک که قبلاً خاتمه یافته بود ، قصد داشتند هشدارهای استاندارد دفتر را درباره ماهیت مصاحبه و اینكه یك اظهارات نادرست منجر به پیگرد قانونی می شود ، ندهند. اگرچه عوامل مصاحبه ضبط شده ای از مکالمات فلین با کیسلیاک داشتند ، اما آنها برای تازه سازی حافظه خود آنها را با فلین در میان نگذاشتند. هدف روشن آنها ایجاد ادعاهایی نادرست بود که می تواند به عنوان پایه ای برای اخراج و یا آزار و شکنجه فلین مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
البته فلین از کار اخراج شد زیرا او گزارش نادرستی از مکالمات خود با کیسلیاک به معاون رئیس جمهور پنس داد (دشوار است بدانید که در گذشته چه بخشی از این یک سو real تفاهم واقعی است و چه میزان عدم صداقت توسط فلین محاسبه شده است). اما حتی FBI کمی نیز اصرار به تعقیب فلین نداشت زیرا مأموران اعتقاد نداشتند که او دروغ گفته است. ماه ها بعد ، تیمی از دادستان های متجاوز مولر ، بسیاری از آنها از فعالان دموکرات و مقامات سابق وزارت دفاع اوباما ، فشار بر فلین را برای اعتراف به گناه افزایش دادند – و یک سند کاغذی اخیر نشان می دهد که این شامل سیگنال دادن به فلین است که پسرش (که در شرکت اطلاعاتی Flynn کار می کرد) می تواند به دلیل نقض FARA تحت پیگرد قانونی قرار گیرد.
بار با در نظر گرفتن همه این عوامل ، تصمیم گرفت پرونده را مختومه کند. وزارت دادگستری استدلال می کند که از آنجا که هیچ پایه ای برای تحقیقات فلین وجود ندارد ، اظهارات وی با مأموران “مادی” نیست ، دلیل اصلی ادعای ادعاهای نادرست است. وزارت دادگستری همچنین معتقد است اگر پرونده به دادگاه برسد ، فلین تبرئه خواهد شد. این نتیجه گیری بادگیر نیست اما منطقی است. از همه مهمتر ، آنها نتیجه گیری هایی هستند که وزارت دادگستری حق دارد هر روز اتخاذ و آنها را اتخاذ کند ، زیرا تصمیم گیری در مورد تعقیب کیفری ، از جمله رسیدن به کیفرخواست ، منحصراً برای مجریان سیستم ما است. .
نفوذ قاضی سالیوان از نظر دادستان خشم آور است. وی در قانون آیین دادرسی کیفری از نقصی استفاده کرد که برای بستن پرونده – “مقرره ای که در نظر گرفته شده است” ، “خروج از دادگاه” را می طلبد به دفاع از متهمان از سو abuse استفاده – برای ادامه تعقیب متهم ، که تنها دادستان قانونی می خواهد پایان یابد. سالیوان حتی از قاضی سابق فدرال ترامپ دعوت کرد تا نظریه پردازی کند که اگر وزارت دادگستری این کار را نکرد دادگاه چگونه می تواند فلین را تحت تعقیب قرار دهد. و سالیوان عمداً از تصمیم گیری در مورد پیشنهاد برکناری امتناع کرد و تخمین زد که اگر ترامپ در انتخابات شکست بخورد ، باید فلین را عفو کند یا اینکه استراتژی توسعه سالیوان به وزارت دادگستری بایدن اجازه دهد این اتهام را احیا کند.
بخشش رئیس جمهور فلین صلاحدید مدیر اجرایی را بازیابی کرد و به پرونده ای پایان داد که هرگز نباید شروع می شد. با این حال ، هیچ شخصیت در این حماسه ترسناک وجود ندارد.
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Il contributo per il pranzo è di 5€ a persona / porzioneKuantum hesaplama ve algılama için çip kontrol iyonlarında yerleşik fiber optikler
Çipte yerleşik olan fiber optikler, kuantum hesaplama ve algılama için iyonları kontrol etmek için gereken tüm lazer ışığını sağlayabilir.
Bilim insanlarının iyonları yakaladığı bir kuantum laboratuarına girin ve aynalar ve lenslerle dolu tezgahlar bulacaksınız, hepsi lazerleri bir çipin üzerinde “hapsolmuş” bir iyona çarpmak için odaklayın.
Bilim adamları, iyonları kontrol etmek için lazerleri kullanarak, iyonları bir kuantum bilgisayardaki temel veri birimi olan kuantum bitleri veya kübitler olarak kullanmayı öğrendiler.
Ancak bu lazer düzeneği araştırmayı geciktiriyor – birkaç iyondan fazlasıyla deney yapmayı ve bu sistemleri gerçek kullanım için laboratuvardan çıkarmayı zorlaştırıyor.
Şimdi, MIT Lincoln Laboratuvarı araştırmacıları, sıkışan iyonlara lazer ışığı iletmek için kompakt bir yol geliştirdiler.
Nature’da yayınlanan yakın tarihli bir makalede, araştırmacılar, iyon yakalama çipine takılan ve ışığı çipin kendisinde üretilen optik dalga kılavuzlarına bağlayan bir fiber optik bloğu tanımlıyorlar.
Bu dalga kılavuzları aracılığıyla, çoklu dalga boylarındaki ışık çip üzerinden yönlendirilebilir ve üzerindeki iyonlara çarpması için serbest bırakılabilir.
Entegre Nanosistemler Grubu Lincoln Laboratuvarı Quantum Information’ın kıdemli personeli ve makalenin yazarı Jeremy Sage, “Alandaki pek çok kişi için aynalar ve lensler gibi boş alan optiklerini kullanan geleneksel yaklaşımın ancak şimdiye kadar gideceği açıktır” diyor.
Bunun yerine ışık çipin üzerine getirilirse, olması gereken birçok yere yönlendirilebilir. Birçok dalga boyunun entegre teslimi, çok ölçeklenebilir ve taşınabilir bir platforma yol açabilir. Bunun yapılabileceğini ilk kez gösteriyoruz. “
Çoklu renkler
Hapsolmuş iyonlarla hesaplama, her bir iyonun bağımsız olarak hassas bir şekilde kontrol edilmesini gerektirir. Boş alan optiği, kısa bir tek boyutlu zincirde birkaç iyonu kontrol ederken iyi çalıştı.
Ancak daha büyük veya iki boyutlu bir küme arasında tek bir iyona komşularına çarpmadan vurmak son derece zordur. Binlerce iyon gerektiren pratik bir kuantum bilgisayarı hayal ederken, bu lazer kontrol görevi pratik görünmüyor.
Beliren bu sorun, araştırmacıları başka bir yol bulmaya yöneltti. 2016’da Lincoln Laboratuvarı ve MIT araştırmacıları yerleşik optiklere sahip yeni bir çip gösterdi. Çipin üzerine kırmızı bir lazer odakladılar, burada çip üzerindeki dalga kılavuzları ışığı bir ızgaralı kuplöre, ışığı durdurmak ve iyona yönlendirmek için bir tür sarsma şeridine yönlendirdi.
Ekibin ilk gösteride gerçekleştirdiği kuantum kapısı adı verilen temel bir işlemi yapmak için kırmızı ışık çok önemlidir. Ancak kuantum hesaplama için gereken her şeyi yapmak için altı farklı renkli lazere ihtiyaç vardır: iyonu hazırlayın, soğutun, enerji durumunu okuyun ve kuantum kapılarını gerçekleştirin.
Ekip, bu son çip ile ilke kanıtlarını menekşeden yakın kızılötesine kadar bu gerekli dalga boylarının geri kalanına kadar genişletti.
John Chiaverini, “Bu dalga boylarıyla, sıkışmış iyonları kontrol edebilmeniz için ihtiyaç duyduğunuz temel işlemleri gerçekleştirebildik” diyor.
Gerçekleştirmedikleri tek işlem, iki kübitlik bir kapı, ETH Zürich’teki bir ekip tarafından 2016 çalışmasına benzer bir çip kullanılarak gösterildi ve aynı Nature sayısındaki bir makalede anlatıldı.
Chiaverini, “Bizimkilerle birlikte yapılan bu çalışma, daha büyük tuzak iyon dizileri oluşturmaya başlamak için ihtiyacınız olan her şeye sahip olduğunuzu gösteriyor” diye ekliyor.
Fiber optik
Ekip, birden çok dalga boyuna sıçrama yapmak için, bir fiber optik bloğu doğrudan çipin yan tarafına bağlamak için bir yöntem geliştirdi. Blok, her biri belirli bir dalga boyu aralığına özgü dört optik fiberden oluşur. Bu lifler, doğrudan yonga üzerine desenlenmiş karşılık gelen bir dalga kılavuzu ile hizalanır.
“Fiber blok dizisini çip üzerindeki dalga kılavuzlarına göre hizalamak ve epoksiyi uygulamak ameliyat yapmak gibi hissettirdi. Çok hassas bir süreçti. Deneyleri yöneten Robert Niffenegger, “Yaklaşık yarım mikron toleransımız vardı ve 4 Kelvin’e kadar soğumaya devam etmemiz gerekiyordu” diyor.
Dalga kılavuzlarının üstünde bir cam tabakası bulunur. Camın üstünde, iyonu yerinde tutan elektrik alanları üreten metal elektrotlar vardır; Işığın salındığı ızgara kuplörleri üzerinde metalden delikler kesilir. Cihazın tamamı Lincoln Laboratuvarı’ndaki Mikroelektronik Laboratuvarı’nda üretildi.
Kayıp mavi dalga boylarıyla artma eğilimi gösterdiğinden, ışığı iyonlara düşük kayıpla iletebilen, emilimden veya saçılmadan kaçınan dalga kılavuzları tasarlamak zorlu bir işti. Malzeme geliştirme, dalga kılavuzlarını modelleme, test etme, performansı ölçme ve tekrar deneme süreciydi.
Sage, “Ayrıca dalga kılavuzlarının malzemelerinin yalnızca gerekli ışık dalga boylarıyla değil, aynı zamanda iyonu hapseden metal elektrotlara müdahale etmediğinden de emin olmamız gerekiyordu ”diyor.
Ölçeklenebilir ve taşınabilir
Ekip şimdi bu tamamen hafif entegre çip ile neler yapabileceklerini dört gözle bekliyor. Birincisi, Niffenegger “daha fazlasını yap” diyor. “Bu çipleri bir dizi halinde dizmek, her biri hassas bir şekilde kontrol edilebilen çok daha fazla iyonu bir araya getirerek daha güçlü kuantum bilgisayarların kapısını açabilir.”
Bu araştırmaya dahil olmayan Ulusal Standartlar ve Teknoloji Enstitüsü’nde fizikçi olan Daniel Slichter, “Bu kolayca ölçek
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通过送神仪式结束整个过程。在这个过程中，亮谱、请神和送神又是3个相对独立的阶段：亮谱是在宣布所有将在仪式中出现的人员，请神是族人将外面的祖先邀请回来，送神是族人将祖先从家中送走。通过这样的仪式环节，族人和祖先在特定的时间内实现了精神团聚，这种团聚也为人们情感的抒发和历史记忆的保存提供了依托。Certificazioni in Lingua Inglese
Il Dipartimento di Lingua Inglese propone e organizza annualmente un progetto finalizzato al superamento dell' esame FCE e all’acquisizione della relativa certificazione.
Tale progetto è rivolto agli alunni delle classi IV Liceo Scientifico, Liceo delle Scienze Applicate e della classe II Liceo Classico, interessati a sostenere l’esame di Lingua Inglese F.C.E.( First Certificate English ) della University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate.
L'esame, organizzato dalla Cambridge University, verifica le quattro abilità linguistiche, ossia comunicazione orale, ascolto, lettura e produzione scritta.
I candidati che superano l'esame ricevono un certificato attestante la loro preparazione rilasciato dal dipartimento “University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations”. Il certificato viene riconosciuto da aziende, imprese, società, compagnie commerciali a livello internazionale e dalle università di alcuni paesi europei.
FIRST
Il “Cambridge First Certificate in English” (FCE) è il terzo livello degli esami Cambridge. Si tratta di una certificazione a livello intermedio superiore e corrisponde al livello di competenza B 2 stabilito dal Quadro Comune Europeo di Riferimento, ovvero livello autonomo – avanzato.
Il FIRST verifica le abilità linguistiche –sia scritte che orali- relative ad un uso della lingua inglese in una gamma abbastanza varia di situazioni comunicative.اختلال طیف اوتیسم (ASD) یک اختلال عصبی رشدی است که بر تعامل اجتماعی، ارتباطات و رفتار تأثیر می گذارد. این یک ناتوانی مادام العمر است که از اوایل کودکی شروع می شود و در سال های اخیر به طور فزاینده ای شیوع پیدا کرده است. در این وبلاگ به بررسی اختلال اوتیسم، علائم آن، روش های درمان و زمان مراجعه به پزشک خواهیم پرداخت.
اختلال اوتیسم چیست؟
اختلال اوتیسم که به نام اختلال طیف اوتیسم (ASD) نیز شناخته می شود، یک اختلال عصبی پیچیده است که بر رشد مغز تأثیر می گذارد. معمولاً در سه سال اول زندگی کودک ظاهر می شود و بر تعامل اجتماعی، ارتباطات و رفتار فرد تأثیر می گذارد. اوتیسم می تواند از خفیف تا شدید متغیر باشد و با طیف وسیعی از علائم مشخص می شود.
علائم اختلال اوتیسم
علائم اختلال اوتیسم ممکن است از فردی به فرد دیگر متفاوت باشد و شدت علائم نیز ممکن است متفاوت باشد. با این حال، برخی از علائم رایج اوتیسم شامل موارد زیر است:
- دشواری در تعامل اجتماعی: یکی از علائم قابل توجه اوتیسم دشواری در تعامل اجتماعی است. کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اوتیسم اغلب شروع یا حفظ تماس چشمی، شرکت در تعاملات اجتماعی، درک نشانه های اجتماعی و دوست یابی را چالش برانگیز می دانند.
- مشکلات ارتباطی: کودکان مبتلا به اوتیسم اغلب در برقراری ارتباط با نیازها و افکار خود مشکل دارند. آنها ممکن است در درک و استفاده از حرکات، حالات چهره و لحن صدا مشکل داشته باشند.
- رفتارهای تکراری: اختلال اوتیسم اغلب با رفتارهای تکراری یا اجباری مانند تکان دادن، چرخیدن، یا تکان دادن دست همراه است.
روش های درمان اختلال اوتیسم
چندین روش درمانی برای اختلال اوتیسم وجود دارد. مداخله زودهنگام برای مدیریت موفق اوتیسم بسیار مهم است. برخی از روش های درمانی رایج عبارتند از:
- رفتار درمانی: رفتار درمانی یک درمان مبتنی بر شواهد است که به کودکان مبتلا به اوتیسم کمک می کند تا مهارت ها و رفتارهای جدیدی را بیاموزند. تحلیل رفتار کاربردی (ABA) نوعی رفتار درمانی است که معمولاً برای درمان اوتیسم استفاده می شود.
- گفتار درمانی: گفتار درمانی یکی دیگر از روش های درمانی موثر است که به کودکان مبتلا به اوتیسم کمک می کند تا مهارت های ارتباطی و زبانی خود را بهبود بخشند.
- کاردرمانی: کاردرمانی نوعی درمان است که به کودکان مبتلا به اوتیسم کمک می کند تا مهارت های لازم را برای انجام فعالیت های روزمره زندگی مانند لباس پوشیدن، آراستگی و غذا خوردن ایجاد کنند.
برای تشخیص بیماری اوتیسم از چه آزمایشاتی استفاده می شود؟
تشخیص اوتیسم به طور عمدتا بر اساس مشاهدات کلینیکی و رفتاری انجام می شود، اما معمولا برای اطمینان بیشتر از بیماری از برخی آزمایش های پزشکی استفاده می شود. برخی از آزمایش های مورد استفاده شامل تست های آزمایشی خون برای اندازه گیری سطح هورمون ها و شاخص های التهابی، آزمایش ژنتیکی برای تشخیص تغییرات ژنتیکی مرتبط با اوتیسم و تصویربرداری مغزی مانند MRI و CT scan برای تشخیص تغییرات ساختمانی و عملکردی در مغز در بیماران با اوتیسم است. هرگونه تشخیص و درمان اوتیسم باید توسط پزشک، روانشناس در شیراز و متخصصین دیگر صلاحیت دار انجام شود.
آیا رژیم غذایی می تواند بر اوتیسم تأثیر بگذارد؟
پاسخ قطعی برای این سوال وجود ندارد زیرا تحقیقات در مورد رابطه بین رژیم غذایی و اوتیسم هنوز ادامه دارد. با این حال، برخی تحقیقات نشان می دهد که برخی از عوامل رژیم غذایی ممکن است بر شدت علائم تجربه شده توسط افراد مبتلا به اوتیسم تأثیر بگذارد و برای درمان استرس موثر باشد. به عنوان مثال، برخی از مطالعات نشان می دهد که رژیم غذایی بدون گلوتن و کازئین ممکن است رفتارهایی مانند گوشه گیری اجتماعی، اختلالات گفتاری و بیش فعالی را در برخی از کودکان مبتلا به اوتیسم بهبود بخشد.
توجه به این نکته مهم است که این نتایج در همه افراد مبتلا به اوتیسم یکسان نیست. توصیه می شود که افراد مبتلا به اوتیسم و خانواده هایشان با یک متخصص مراقبت های بهداشتی مشورت کنند تا مشخص شود که آیا یک مداخله غذایی خاص برای نیازهای خاص آنها مناسب است یا خیر.
چه زمانی باید به پزشک مراجعه کرد؟
در صورت مشاهده هر یک از علائم زیر در کودکتان ضروری است به دنبال مشاوره پزشکی به متخصص اعصاب و روان در شیراز باشید:
- تا 12 ماهگی هیچ سخن گفتن، اشاره یا سایر حرکاتی وجود ندارد.
- تا 16 ماهگی هیچ کلمه ای وجود ندارد.
- تا 24 ماهگی عبارات دو کلمه ای وجود ندارد.
- از دست دادن مهارت های زبانی یا اجتماعی در هر زمان.
بیماری اوتیسم در بین دختران چگونه است؟
اوتیسم بر دختران به همان شکلی که بر پسران تأثیر می گذارد، تأثیر می گذارد. با این حال، ممکن است که به دلیل رفتارهای اجتماعی و شبکههای اجتماعی متفاوت، مهارتهای اجتماعی و توانایی های اجتماعی، تأثیر متفاوتی را روی دختران با اوتیسم داشته باشد. به عنوان مثال، دختران با اوتیسم ممکن است دشواری در ایجاد رابطه با دیگران داشته باشند و بیشتر به تفکر و تمرکز روی جزئیات تمایل داشته باشند. همچنین، مشکلات در تفسیر عواطف و احساسات دیگران به همراه می تواند دلیل بروز مشکلات ارتباطی باشد. به طور کلی، اوتیسم به هر دو جنسیت، پسران و دختران، تأثیر می گذارد و تحت معالجه قرار می گیرد.
نتیجه
در نتیجه، اختلال اوتیسم یک اختلال عصبی رشدی است که بر رشد مغز تأثیر می گذارد و اغلب در اوایل کودکی ظاهر می شود. علائم اختلال اوتیسم ممکن است از فردی به فرد دیگر متفاوت باشد و شدت علائم نیز ممکن است متفاوت باشد. چندین روش درمانی برای اختلال اوتیسم وجود دارد و مداخله زودهنگام برای مدیریت موفق ضروری است. اگر متوجه علائم اختلال اوتیسم در کودک خود شدید، ضروری است که به دنبال مشاوره پزشکی باشید زیرا مداخله زودهنگام می تواند تفاوت قابل توجهی در نتایج کودک ایجاد کند.根据世界卫生组织2021给出的数据，抑郁症是全世界的常见疾病，全世界约有2.8亿人患有抑郁症。目前已经达成共识的是，女性抑郁症发病率比男性更高，大约是男性的1.2-2倍。
“儿童期，男性和女性抑郁症的发病率大概相当；到青少年期，女性抑郁症的比例就明显升高；到成人阶段的话，目前的流行病学数据就是2：1左右。” 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院精神卫生中心副主任医师黄满丽告诉《知识分子》。
关于女性的精神健康问题，美国国家心理健康研究所指出，有些疾病在女性中更为常见，例如抑郁症和焦虑症。还有某些类型的疾病是女性特有的，比如，一些女性在荷尔蒙变化时可能会出现精神障碍症状，如围产期抑郁症、经前烦躁症、围绝经期相关抑郁症等。至于精神分裂症与躁郁症等精神障碍，研究没有发现男性和女性患这些疾病的比率存在差异。هیچ نتیجه ای برای جستجوی شما یافت نشد .
مشاهده نتایج بیشتر
مهندس رافائل در سال 2005 در فرانسه برند میس ادن را بنیان گذاری کرد. او که اهل مراکش بود نام برند خود را از فرهنگ و زیبایی های شرقی گرفته است، Miss Eden به معنی بانوی بهشتی است. محصولات برند میس ادن بر پایه روغن معجزه آسای گیاه آرگان است .رسمی: جک ویلشر به وستهام پیوست
باشگاه لندنی وستهام اعلام کرد، جک ویلشر هافبک سابق آرسنال با قراردادی سه ساله به این تیم پیوسته است ......
باشگاه لندنی وستهام اعلام کرد، جک ویلشر هافبک سابق آرسنال با قراردادی سه ساله به این تیم پیوسته است.
به گزارش مدال، هافبک 26 ساله، 17 سال در آرسنال حضور داشت و امسال با پایان قراردادش به عنوان بازیکن آزاد از این باشگاه جدا شد و اکنون به عضویت وستهام درآمده است. او در این مورد به وبسایت رسمی باشگاه گفت:
"احساس خوب و ویژه ای دارم. بسیاری از مردم می دانند که من از کودکی ارتباط ویژه ای با وستهام داشته ام. مردم تصویر من را در لباس این تیم دیده اند و از دوران کودکی که برای دیدن بازی های این تیم به آپتون پارک می رفتیم، خاطرات خوبی دارم. بودن در اینجا احساس خوبیست زیرا بسیاری از دوستان و اعضای خانواده ام طرفدار وستهام هستند و همه آنها از این انتقال بسیار خوشحالند."
جک ویلشر در دوران حضورش در آرسنال، دو بار فاتح جام حذفی شد و 34 بار در لباس تیم ملی انگلستان به میدان رفت.Il ponte aereo per Berlino
Il commissario Oppenheimer e l’indagine tra Est e Ovest
Pagine: 392
Traduzione Angela Ricci
Edizione testo © 2021 Knaur Verlag
Pubblicazione 07 aprile 2022
ISBN 9783740815349
Giugno 1948. Saltati gli equilibri stabiliti alla fine della guerra, nel cuore dell’Europa si vanno configurando due blocchi contrapposti. Dopo l’immissione di una nuova moneta nel settore occidentale, i sovietici chiudono gli accessi alla città e Berlino Ovest si trova completamente isolata. L’estate è arrivata e alcuni ragazzini giocano sulle rive della Sprea. Nell’acqua bassa notano qualcosa di strano. È una gamba mozzata. Qualche giorno dopo, da un ponte piovono interiora umane su una chiatta. In entrambi i casi, i testimoni affermano di aver visto una persona sospetta con una tuta blu. Anche il corpo di polizia viene diviso tra Est e Ovest, e a essere sorpresi a indagare al di fuori del proprio settore si rischia l’arresto. L’assassino, tuttavia, non rispetta confini. Sotto il rombo incessante degli aerei che riforniscono il settore ovest, il commissario Oppenheimer si troverà presto ad agire nell’ombra, tra vecchi amici e nuovi nemici.
Sesto volume della serie del commissario Oppenheimer.The deer tick, which often carries the Lyme disease microbe, requires very humid surroundings and would probably not survive longer than forty-eight hours in the dry air of a house.
The deer tick belongs to the hard-bodied tick group, but certain other kinds of ticks can live for long periods under adverse conditions.
Deer ticks are commonly found on the West Coast of the United States and Canada.
One species of soft-bodied tick that carries relapsing fever bacteria, found mostly in the western United States, is an extreme case.
The Federal Centers for Disease Control investigated an outbreak of relapsing fever among guests in cabins on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon in 1973.
The ticks collected were kept in the laboratory, and fed a blood meal every two or three years.
In 1992, they were still around.Il classico gioco con i mattoni con i quali tutti siamo cresciuti è stato trasformato in un'applicazione divertente per touch screen. Con l'app "Disegni con forme per bambini" i vostri figli possono realizzare disegni creativi composti da forme disponibili in diversi colori.I bambini possono disegnare liberamente o completare uno dei cinquanta modelli. Ci sono cinque modelli in ognuna di queste dieci categorie:- Aeromobili- Animali- Uccelli- Dessert- Cibo- Cucina- Piante- Navi- Trasporto- Mondo subacqueoI bambini possono salvare e visualizzare le loro opere nella Galleria dell'app.La versione lite contiene "Crea la tua attività" e una delle 10 categorie dell'attività "Ricrea un'immagine".
La versione a pagamento contiene 9 categorie aggiuntive dell'attività "Ricrea un'immagine".Realistic (fiction), 107 words, Level E (Grade 1), Lexile 330L
Andy and Jay are eating watermelon outside. They decide to have a watermelon seed-spitting contest. Whose seeds will go the farthest? Supportive pictures, repetitive phrases, and high-frequency words support early readers.
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away, then, went
contest, farther, mine, past, seed, spit
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or whole classBarge Transport Wins on Fuel Efficiency
A report commissioned by the U.S. National Waterways Foundation indicates that inland river barge transportation has improved its fuel efficiency for cargo transport compared to road or rail.
The study shows that barges can move a ton of cargo 647 miles with a single gallon of fuel, an increase from an earlier estimate of 616 miles. In contrast, trains can move the same ton of cargo 477 miles per gallon, and trucks can move the same ton of cargo 145 miles per gallon.
The improvement for barge transport was due in part to the continual upgrading of the fleet and the high utilization rates that were achieved in the latter part of the study period. Rail and truck remained almost unchanged during the same period.
The study, A Modal Comparison of Domestic Freight Transportation Effects on the General Public: 2001–2014 (January 2017), was conducted by the Texas Transportation Institute’s Center for Port and Waterways at Texas A&M University. It is an update from an earlier study peer reviewed in 2009 which was updated in 2014 and again in 2017.
The 2017 update addresses cargo capacity, congestion, emissions, energy efficiency, safety impacts and infrastructure impacts. It compares the cargo capacity of trucks, trains and inland river barges. One common 15-barge river tow has the same capacity as 1,050 trucks and 216 rail cars pulled by six locomotives.
To fully appreciate the carrying capacity of a barge, the study notes that a loaded, covered hopper barge transporting wheat carries enough product to make almost 2.5 million loaves of bread, or the equivalent of one loaf of bread for almost every person in the state of Kansas. A loaded tank barge transporting gasoline carries enough product to satisfy the current annual gasoline demand of approximately 2,500 people.
The report estimated that the amount of cargo currently transported on major rivers is equivalent to more than 49 million truck trips annually. The hypothetical diversion of current waterway freight traffic to the nation’s highways would add 1,046 combination trucks to the current 875 trucks per day, per lane on a typical rural interstate. The percentage of combination trucks in the average annual daily traffic on rural interstates would rise 14 percent, from the current 17 percent.
After adjusting for differences in cargo quantity moved by each mode, for each member of the public injured in a barge accident, 80.44 are injured in rail accidents and 824 are injured in truck accidents. For fatalities, there are 79 trucking deaths and 21.9 rail deaths for one barge-related death.
The rate of spills of more than 1,000 gallons are very low for barges, at 2.12 gallons per-million-ton-miles, rail at 5.95 and trucks at 6.04. Additionally, inland waterways transport generates far fewer emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide than rail or truck per-million-ton-miles.
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[1] 2015年，获得第九届茅盾文学奖提名。 [2] 2016年6月，获得首届海峡两岸新锐作家好书奖1. Not set apart from others by visible marks; to make distinctive or discernible by exhibiting differences; to mark off by some characteristic. Not more distinguished by her purple vest, Than by the charming features of her face. (Dryden) Milton has distinguished the sweetbrier and the eglantine. (Nares)
2. To separate by definition of terms or logical division of a subject with regard to difference; as, to distinguish sounds into high and low. Moses distinguished the causes of the flood into those that belong to the heavens, and those that belong to the earth. (t. Burnet)
3. To recognize or discern by marks, signs, or characteristic quality or qualities; to know and discriminate (anything) from other things with which it might be confounded; as, to distinguish the sound of a drum. We are enabled to distinguish good from evil, as well as truth from falsehood. (Watts) Nor more can you distinguish of a man, Than of his outward show. (Shak)
4. To constitute a difference; to make to differ. Who distinguisheth thee? (1 cor. Iv. 7. (Douay version))
5. To separate from others by a mark of honor; to make eminent or known; to confer distinction upon; with by or for.To distinguish themselves by means never tried before.
Synonym: to mark, discriminate, differentiate, characterise, discern, perceive, signalize, honor, glori
Origin: f. Distinguer, L. Distinguere, distinctum; di- = dis- – stinguere to quench, extinguish; prob. Orig, to prick, and so akin to g. Stechen, E. Stick, and perh. Sting. Cf. Extinguish.Here are some of the snake species we have documented and identified so far on the island. If you click on the picture you can learn all about them and why they are important to the islands ecosystem and us.
Green cat snake (Boiga cyanea) IUCN REDLIST: Not evaluated
Green cat snakes are another member of the colubrid family. They feed on small reptiles, amphibians, birds and rodents as well as other snakes. They are mildly venomous and can paralyze small animals but are not considered dangerous to humans as they are not aggressive.
Indo-chinese rat snake (Ptyas korros) IUCN REDLIST: Not Evaluated
The indo-chinese rat snake is part of the colubrid family and endemis to SE Asia. This species primarily feeds on rodents (great for people) and other small vertebrates. They are active during the day and are not dangerous to humans, they would prefer to flee but will strike if cornered. They vary in colour from silver, grey, brown and orange and are regularly seen around the island.
Yellow Spotted Keelback (Xenochrophis flavipunctatus) IUCN REDLIST: Least Concern
The Yellow Spotted Keelback is a diurnal snake so it usually comes out during the day. Generally they are not aggressive towards humans because we are too large to consume. However care should always be taken when in the presence of any snake species. Sometimes this specie will swallow it’s prey whole whilst it’s still alive. Thank goodness we are too big!
Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) IUCN REDLIST: Least Concern
Malayan kraits are a species of elapid which are a family of venomous snakes. They feed primarily on other snakes but will hunt other small animals. These snakes are extremely toxic and it is NOT advised to touch one, but they are active at night and shy creatures so the likelihood to seeing one is very remote.
Russel’s viper (Daboia russelii) IUCN REDLIST: Least Concern
The Russel’s viper is one of the larger species in this family. Like most vipers it is an ambush predator laying in wait for prey to come by when they will strike. This is a venomous snake however to be bitten by one you would have to walk into the jungle off the beaten track to find one on the island.
Vogel’s green pit viper (Trimeresurus vogeli) IUCN REDLIST: Least Concern
The Vogel’s pit viper is venomous and dangerous as this specie as they are ambush predators that attract their prey while they hide beneath leaf litter. You are unlikely to find one unless you trail off the path. The interesting thing about the specimen we have documented it the bright ruby coloured eyes. This does not seem to be a regular occurrence in this specie.
Reticulated python (Python reticulatus) IUCN REDLIST: Not Evaluated
Reticulated pythons are the world’s longest snakes (among the 3 heaviest of the snake species) and reptile. Like all pythons, they are nonvenomous because they constrict their prey and normally are not considered dangerous to humans.
Golden tree snake (Chrysopelea ornata)IUCN REDLIST: Not Evaluated
Golden tree snakes are a member of the colubrid family but these snakes are also known as gliders. They flatten their bodies and can glide up to 100m from the top of a tree. They feed during the day on lizards, bats and small rodents. They are not considered dangerous to humans as their venom is too weak.
Paradise tree snake (Chrysopelea paradisi)IUCN REDLIST: Least Concern
Paradise tree snakes are distinguished from golden tree snakes by the yellow/ red flower pattern along their backs. They are also gliders but as smaller in size compared to the golden tree snake. Also venomous but not considered dangerous to humans as their venom is too weak.
Asian Vine snake (Ahaetulla prasina)IUCN REDLIST: Least Concern
Asian vine snakes are a species from the colubrid family; one of the largest snake families and include about two-thirds of all known living snake species. They are mildly venomous but feed on amphibians and lizards, so rarely cause harm to humans.
***Identification of these species has been made through, photographic documentation cross referenced with external specialists and identification books. Any errors in our database will be rectified upon notification, if you feel that we have misidentified any species please help us to improve our research through our contact us page. All people involved will be acknowledge in the website and reports***
If you have any pictures or information from or about the island please help us to improve our database by sending your information through to us via our contact pageجای خالی سرمایه گذاری شستا و هلدینگ بانک ها در گلستان
به گزارش مجله جغتای، خبرنگاران/گلستان نماینده مردم علی آباد کتول در مجلس گفت: برای کمک به اقتصاد کشاورزان و در راستای تأمین امنیت غذایی کشور، نیاز است که هلدینگ بانک ها و شستا در استان سرمایه گذاری انجام دهند.
رحمت الله نوروزی در گفت وگو با خبرنگاران اظهار کرد: گلستان ظرفیت های بسیار زیادی در بخش کشاورزی دارد و در چندین محصول استراتژیک، رتبه برتر تولید در کشور را داراست.
وی با اشاره به تأکیدات رهبر معظم انقلاب بر اقتصاد کشاورزی، اضافه کرد: متأسفانه با وجود این ظرفیت ها، هلدینگ بانک ها و شستا در استان گلستان سرمایه گذاری نکرده اند. معتقدیم مسئولان ملی در گام دوم انقلاب باید برنامه ریزی جامعی را برای استفاده از ظرفیت های این استان داشته باشند.
دسترسی گلستان به کشورهای اوراسیا
کننده مردم علی آباد کتول در مجلس با بیان اینکه در گلستان بستر ارتباط ریلی و هوایی با کشورهای اوراسیا مهیا است، گفت: اکنون با توجه به مسائل با غرب بعد از خروج آمریکا از برجام و همراهی اروپا با آمریکا، می طلبد که ارتباط کشورمان را با شرق و کشورهای اوراسیا افزایش دهیم.
نوروزی با اشاره به اینکه با این کار هم جهش تولید و هم اشتغال پایدار در منطقه محقق می شود، اضافه کرد: انتظار داریم وزارتخانه های صمت، اقتصاد، جهاد کشاورزی، خارجه و تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی با یک برنامه ریزی جامع و کامل به خواست مردم استان گلستان عمل کنند.
تصویب منطقه آزاد اینچه برون در اولویت قرار گیرد
وی در بخش دیگری از صحبت های خود به پیگیری های تصویب منطقه آزاد اینچه برون اشاره کرد و گفت: گلستان از پتانسیل ها و توانمندی های بالا و موقعیت خاص جغرافیایی برخوردار است لذا مسئولین خصوصاً اعضای مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام، این استان را استثناء قرار داده و تصویب منطقه آزاد اینچه برون را در اولویت قرار دهند.
عدم راه اندازی پتروشیمی ظلم به مردم گلستان است
کننده مردم علی آباد کتول در مجلس خاطرنشان کرد: مردم زیادی از سال 1385 سهام پتروشیمی گلستان را خریداری کردند اما متأسفانه با گذشت 14 سال هنوز این پتروشیمی راه اندازی نشده است.
نوروزی با انتقاد از قصور و کوتاهی در این موضوع، گفت: از وزیر نفت خواستیم در فرصت باقیمانده از دولت دوازدهم، پتروشیمی گلستان را راه اندازی کند تا مسائل سهامداران حل شود. این کار در اقتصاد منطقه و ایجاد اشتغال برای مردم استان اثرگذار خواهد بود.منبع: خبرگزاری ایسناCharters are often accused of taking the brightest, most motivated or more privileged students from traditional public schools. However, there is research evidence to the contrary showing incoming charter school students are just as diverse (racially and economically) as non-charter students and often lower performing.
Charter schools serve equally diverse and low-income students
The National Charter School Research Project (NCSRP), an initiative of the Center for Reinventing Public Education, annually assesses the national charter school movement in a report titled "Hopes, Fears, & Reality: A balanced look at American charter schools." In their 2009 report, they discussed trends from 2005 to 2009 and found that charter schools serve a larger proportion of students of color (61% for charters vs. 47% for non-charters) and low-income students (49% for charters vs. 45% for non-charters) than all traditional public schools. When examining schools within districts, they found student demographics to be the same: 61% students of color in charters versus 60% in their district counterparts; 47% charter free/reduced-price lunch participation versus 45% for non-charters.
Specific to California, EdSource conducts an annual analysis titled "Charter schools in California: Issues and Performance." In 2009, this report found that California charter schools serve more low-income students in high school, and about equal percentages of Hispanic/Latino students and more African American students across grade levels (elementary, middle and high school). When controlling for student demographics, this report found that charters fostered higher academic results in API growth and English in high schools, and API growth, English and math in middle schools. Charter schools run by Charter Management Organizations (CMOs) earned higher results across all subjects and grade levels.
Charter schools educate a diverse range of student aptitudes
The RAND Corporation's study (Zimmer et al., 2009) evaluated whether charter schools are "skimming" the best students from traditional public schools in their report, "Charter schools in eight states: Effects on achievement, attainment, integration, and competition". RAND analyzed the academic achievement and demographic characteristics of students transferring into charter schools and found charter schools generally are not drawing the best students away from traditional public schools. Previous test scores for students transferring into charter schools were near or below the averages for every location in the study. They also found that the racial composition of charter schools was similar to that of the traditional public schools the students previously attended.
Motivation to choose does not explain charter school success
Another 2009 study (Hoxby et al., 2009) utilized a quasi-experimental approach (the gold standard for research on actual students) to control for the effects of parent/student choice, by comparing lottery students. Students who applied to attend a charter, whose entrance was decided by lottery, are compared to students who applied but did not get in; controlling for motivation. This study of New York and Chicago charters found that the racial composition, income level and past academic performance of students lotteried-in and lotteried-out were the same (lotteries are random, controlling for the variation among students). Furthermore, the study found that the students who were lotteried-in had higher state test performance in math and reading as well as greater likelihood of graduating. The researchers concluded that attending a charter school for multiple years can close the achievement gap.
Edwards, B., Crane, E., Barondess, H., and Perry, M. (2009). Charter schools in California: 2009 update on issues and performance. Mountain View, CA: EdSource.
Hoxby, C. M., Murarka, S., and Kang, J. (2009). How New York City's charter schools affect achievement. Cambridge, MA: New York City Charter Schools Evaluation Project (second report in series).
Lake, R. J. (Ed.) (2009). Hopes, fears, & reality: A balanced look at American charter schools in 2009 (4th ed.). Seattle, WA: University of Washington Bothell.
Zimmer, R., Gill, B., Booker, K., Lavertu, S., Sass, T. R., and Witte, J. (2009). Charter schools in eight states: Effects on achievement, attainment, integration, and competition. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.سلامت گوساله ، موضوعی پیچیده است و ما هنوز در مورد چگونگی تاثیرپذیری آن از مواد خوراکی ای که در طول دوران بارداری به گاوها می دهیم ، اطلاعات دقیقی در دست نداریم. در واقع، تحقیقات نشان می دهند مواد خوراکی ای که به گاو باردار می دهیم می تواند بر عملکرد گوساله ها در طول زندگی و حتی بعد از گرفتنشان از شیر ، تاثیر گذار باشد.
دیوید بونرت (David Bohnert)، متخصص توسعه و متخصص تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی اورگن شرقی اظهار کرد: «از نظر تاریخی، ما واقعا متوجه نشده ایم که چگونه تغذیه گاو در طول بارداری بر عملکرد گوساله در زمان از شیر گرفتن تاثیر می گذارد. اما به تازگی اطلاعاتی پیدا کرده ایم که نشان می دهد چگونه تغذیه در دوران بارداری بر باروری آن گوساله در طول زندگی تاثیر گذار است.»
یکی از مطالعاتی که بونرت روی آن کار کرده است این بوده که چگونه وضعیت بدنی گاو و وزن آن در طول سال نوسان دارد و این که آیا اگر شرایط بدنی گاو در طول بارداری تغییر کند این نوسان می تواند تفاوتی ایجاد کند یا خیر.
بونرت گفت: «با توجه به این که گله ها اکثرا در فصل بهار گوساله به دنیا می آورند، گاوها شرایطی که در ابتدای تابستان داشته اند را از دست می دهند و در فصل پاییز و زمستان که هزینه ها کمتر است یعنی زمانی که نیازهای تغذیه ای گاوها کاهش داشته است ، ما دوباره این شرایط را برای آن ها به وجود می آوریم. ما این گاوها را همیشه در نمره وضعیت بدنی ثابت نگه نمی داریم.»
وی ادامه داد: «بعضی از اطلاعات جدیدتر نشان می دهند که به نظر می رسد زمانی که در اواخر بارداری به گاوها مکمل می دهیم، گوساله ها عملکرد بهتری دارند. در مطالعاتی که در ایالت نبراسکا و در ایالت اورگن داشتم نشان داده شده است که می توانیم تنها با کمک تغدیه ، وزن زمان از شیر گرفتن را افزایش دهیم و سلامت گوساله را بهبود بخشیم و بدین وسیله زمانی که گوساله در رحم گاو است، گاو را مدیریت کنیم». اگر گاو در وضعیت سلامت و وضعیت بدنی خوبی باشد و کلستروم آن بهینه باشد، گوساله شروع زندگی بهتری خواهد داشت.
وی ادامه داد: « مطالعه دیگری که انجام داده ایم در این باره است که در چه دوره ای از بارداری ، وضعیت بدنی گاو بهبود می یابد. کمی بعد از زایمان، گله را به چند گروه تقسیم بندی می کنیم. یکی از گروه ها، گاوهایی هستند که نمره وضعیت بدنی آن ها 4.5 است (زیرا بسیاری از گاوهای گله در آن زمان نمره 4.5 داشته اند). آن ها به هر طریقی در طول بارداری تا زمان زایمان این گروه را در نمره وضعیت بدنی 4.5 نگه می دارند. بعضی از گاوها نمره وضعیت بدنی 6 داشتند و این گروه نیز در طول بارداری در همین وضعیت نگه داشته شدند.»
بونرت گفت: «ما گاوها را در سه گروه تقسیم بندی کردیم. یکی از گروه ها برای رسیدن از نمره وضعیت بدنی 4.5 به نمره 6 در پایان سه ماهه اول سال مدیریت شدند و سپس برای ادامه بارداری در همان وضعیت نگه داشته شدند. گروه دیگر تا شروع سه ماهه دوم سال در نمره 4.5 نگه داشته شدند و سپس به نمره 6 رسیدند. گروه دیگر را نیز تا شروع سه ماهه سوم در نمره 4.5 نگه داشتیم و تا زمان زایمان به نمره 6 رساندیم».
این گروه ها در مراحل مختلف بارداری ، مدیریت تغذیه متفاوتی داشتند. بونرت اظهار داشت: «در مقایسه با گاوهایی که در تمامی زمان ها نمره 4.5 و 6 داشتند، گروه هایی که در طول سه ماهه دوم یا سوم به نمره 6 رسیدند ، گوساله های سنگین تری در زمان از شیر گرفتنشان داشتند. این امر نشان می دهد که ظاهرا در بعضی از مواقع ، افزایش مواد مغذی برای گاوها در طول سه ماهه دوم یا سوم بارداری، مزایای بهتری برای گوساله ها در افزایش وزن آن ها دارد.»
اهمیت مواد معدنی
تحقیقات نشان داده اند که مکمل های معدنی نیز در تغذیه بسیار مهم است. زمانی که به گاوها بیش از حداقل میزان مورد نیاز آن ها در طول بارداری مواد معدنی داده می شود، گوساله ها عملکرد بهتری دارند.
بونرت می گوید: «در طول سه ماهه آخر، گروهی از گاوها را داشتیم که نیازهایشان به مواد معدنی برطرف شده بود و دو گروه دیگر ، دو برابر بیشتر از نیازشان مس، روی، منگنز و کوبالت دریافت کردند. یکی از آن گروه ها ، منابع ارگانیک و دیگری مواد معدنی غیرارگانیک دریافت کردند.
وی گفت: «بعد از زایمان، تمامی گوساله ها در زمان از شیر گرفتنشان به همان شکل مدیریت شدند. ما متوجه شدیم که گاوهایی که مواد معدنی ارگانیک دریافت کرده اند ، گوساله هایشان 50 پوند بیشتر از گروهی وزن داشتند که به اندازه مورد نیازشان مواد معدنی دریافت کرده بودند. گروهی که مواد معد
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ıldığı için onunla anlaşmazlığa düşerse “acıklı” olacağını söyleyerek, eski İngiltere Testi kaptanı ile bir sürtüşme olduğu yönündeki spekülasyonları reddetti.
İngiltere’nin Test kriketinde en iyi iki kaleci olan geniş ve yoldaşı James Anderson, Karayipler’deki üç Test serisinin dışında kaldı ve 1-0’lık bir yenilgiyle sona erdi ve Root’un kaptanlıktan istifa etmesine yol açtı.
Her ikisi de Lord’s geçen hafta Yeni Zelanda’ya karşı yapılan açılış Testi için yan tarafa döndü ve ev sahiplerinin Ben Stokes’un kaptan olarak ilk maçında beş küçük kapı galibiyetine yardımcı olmalarına yardımcı oldular.
Broad, “Joe ve ben, kaptan olarak vazgeçtiğinde uzun uzun konuştuk ve ona bir kaptan olarak benim için ne kadar önemli olduğunu ve onun altında oynamanın ne büyük bir ayrıcalık olduğunu söyledim” dedi.
“Ona önümüzdeki birkaç yıldan gerçekten keyif alacağını umduğumu söyledim. Artık tüm bu baskı gitti. O zaten oyunun bir efsanesi, o yüzden dışarı çıkıp keyfini çıkarabilir.
“Joe ve ben çok iyi arkadaşız. Ve her zaman iş ile eğlenceyi ayırt edebilen biri oldum.
“Biriyle anlaşamam çünkü beni bir takıma almıyorlar, bu biraz acıklı olurdu.”
35 yaşındaki oyuncu, maçı İngiltere’nin lehine çeviren ikinci devrede ikisi bir arada olmak üzere Lord’s’ta dört kale aldı.
Broad, “Takım olarak geçirdiğimiz en eğlenceli haftalardan biri oldu,” diye ekledi.
“Bu sezona tekrar İngiltere formasını giyip giymeyeceğimi bilmeden başladım, her günün tadını çıkarıyordum.
“Jimmy [Anderson] Bu yıl 40 yaşına giriyor, dört yıl önce 2018’in Old Trafford’daki son yılı olabileceğini mi düşünüyordu? Muhtemelen değil.
“Bu hafta aynı zihniyetle saldıracağım: O ilk gün çıkıp tribünlere bakacağım ve orada olduğum için ne kadar şanslı olduğumu bileceğim.”
“Bu son iki yıl, neydi, 17’de bir galibiyet mi? Test galibiyetlerini asla hafife almadım ama çok sık geldikleri bir dönem oldu ve dikkatiniz bir sonraki oyuna geçebilir. Bunu yapın, kazanmanın tadını çıkarın ve ondan sonra hazırlanın.
“İşler istediğimiz gibi gitti ama böyle bir skorun peşinden koşmak hiç de fena bir başarı değil. Stokes-McCullum dönemini galibiyetle başlatmak bizim için çok önemli.”
Üç maçlık serinin ikinci Testi Cuma günü Trent Bridge’de canlı yayında başlıyor. Gökyüzü Sporları Kriket ve Sky Sports Ana Etkinliği sabah 10’dan itibaren.
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Kaynak : https://worldnewsera.com/sports/stuart-broad-falling-out-with-joe-root-over-england-dropping-vs-west-indies-would-be-pathetic/Una laurea è guadagnato anche se un programma educativo che può essere completato in circa quattro anni. Gli individui che ottengono i gradi del bachelor spesso hanno maggiori opportunità di carriera a loro disposizione a causa della loro maggiore abilità ed esperienza.
Lottare per una laurea in musica può servire per aumentare ulteriormente l'esperienza in termini di prestazioni, la composizione, la produzione o la gestione, e può anche aprire le porte per le opportunità di insegnamento non convenzionali.
L'Australia ha il terzo più grande numero di studenti stranieri nel mondo, pur avendo una comunità di soli 23 milioni. Questi sono forti credenziali accademiche, ma le istituzioni australiane sono altrettanto altamente classificato come le città che li ospitano in tutto il paese natale.
Inizia oggi e Le migliori Lauree triennali online in Musica in Australia 2018
or search for similar programs here"Büyük başarıların sahipleri, küçük işleri titizlikle yapabilme sabrını gösteren kişilerdir."
Friedrich Schiller
Dünyada mutlu yaşamak için, ruhumuzun bazı yönlerini felce uğratmak gerekiyor.
Nicolas Chamfort
Mutluluk
Aşk hakkında her şey doğru, her şey yanlıştır. Hakkında söylenecek hiçbir şeyin saçma olmadığı tek şey aşktır.
Aşk
En boş geçen günler, kişinin gülmediği günlerdir.
Gülmek
Dünyada üç çeşit arkadaşınız olur: Sizi sevenler, sizinle ilgilenmeyenler ve sizden nefret edenler.
Arkadaşlık
Kadın ve erkekler arasında yıllardır uyulan bazı kurallar vardır.
The GodFather II / Baba 2
Erkek
Kadın
Kadın erkeklere zevk vermez, keder verir, dert verir, hüzün verir!
Anatole France
Bir erkek ölürken kıpırdayan son yeri, kalbidir. Bir kadın ölürken, dili.
George Chapman
Erkek
Kadın
Ölüm
Zamanı geldiğini düşündüğünde oğlunu evlendir, kızını ise ilk fırsatta.
Benjamin Franklin
Erkek
Evlilik
Kadın
İnsan kadın olarak dünyaya gelmez, zamanla kadın olur.
Simone de Beauvoir
Kadın
Bir kızı baştan çıkarmak bir şey değil, ama baştan çıkarılmaya değen bir kız bulursan şanslısın.
Søren Kierkegaard
İlişki
Kadınروسیه قصد دارد به مناسب سالگرد پیروزی در جنگ جهانی دوم، رژه سراسری با شکوهی را برگزار کند.
روسیه قصد دارد به مناسب سالگرد پیروزی در جنگ جهانی دوم، رژه با شکوهی را با حضور 90 هزار نیروی نظامی برگزار کند.
وزارت دفاع روسیه نقشه برگزاری این رژه « Map-2017 » که به مناسبت هفتاد و دومین سالگرد پیروزی در جنگ کبیر میهنی برگزار می شود را در وبگاهش در دسترس عموم گذاشته است.
آنطور که وزارت دفاع روسیه روز جمعه اعلام کرده، قرار است علاوه بر مسکو پایتخت این کشور، مراسمی در 28 شهر دیگر روسیه برگزار شود.
بر این اساس، قرار است در مجموع 90 هزار نیروی نظامی در سراسر کشور در این مراسم شرکت کنند که بزرگترین آنها در میدان سرخ مسکو با حضور ده هزار نفر، 118 خودروی رزمی و 72 بالگرد و هواپیما که بر فراز میدان سرخ به اشکال مختلف حاضر می شوند، صورت گیرد.
جنگ کبیر میهنی در روسیه و جمهوریهای سابق شوروی برای توصیف دوره بین 22 ژوئن 1941 تا 9 مه 1945 در بسیاری از جبهههای شرقی نبرد جنگ جهانی دوم بین اتحاد شوروی سابق و رایش آلمان و متحدانش به کار می رود.
این عنوان پس از سخنرانی رادیویی «جوزف استالین» رهبر وقت شوروی خطاب به ملت اتحاد جماهیر سوسیالیستی شوروی در تاریخ 3 ژوئیه 1941مرسوم گردید.
در تمامی منابع رسمی شوروی سابق و همچنین منابع فدراسیون روسیه از این عنوان بجای جنگ جهانی دوم استفاده می شود.
منبع : باشگاه خبرنگاران جوانHindiba asit özü
Ürün özellikleri
Ürün adı: hindiba kökü ekstresi tozu
Aktif madde: İnulin40%, 90%
Botanik kaynak: Cichorium intybus L
Kullanılan bitkinin bir kısmı: Kök
Özellikler:% 50 -% 98
Test yöntemi: HPLC
Ürün Özellikleri
- Hindiba asidi ekstresi hastalıktan uzakta, güçlü bir vücuda sahip olabileceğiniz bağışıklık fonksiyonunu artırabilir.
-Ca, Mg, Fe vb. Emilimini teşvik etmek için uygun, sağlıklı vücut ile dengeyi koruyabilir.
-Ağırlı bir yapı oluşturmak için yağ metabolizmasını iyileştirebileceği ve metabolizmayı destekleyebileceği kilo vermek için iyi bir çözümdür.
- Hindiba asidi ekstresi karaciğeri korumak için kullanılabileceği metabolizmasını artırabilir. İnülini içeren cildin pigmentasyonunu azaltabilir, cildi beyazlatır ve güzelleştirir, cildin parlaklığını ve ışığını alarak kan basıncını düşürür.
-Gıda, gıda maddeleri, hindiba özü katı içecek hammaddeleri, sıvı içecek hammaddeleri, sıkıştırılmış şeker hammaddeleri, vb. De kullanılabilir.
-Pure, pestisit içermeyen yeşil bitkilerden yapılan güvenli ve verimlidir.Do you experience excruciating pain after walking or running for even a short distance? Or feel out of breath and tired quickly? Well, we all tend to blame it on age, but I like to think that you are never old if you are young at body and mind. To get a healthy and fit body, you must have enough energy to build a strong stamina. But the problem is you can’t buy strength, you have to earn it by making lifestyle changes. And one of the changes is eating nutritious and resistance-boosting foods. In this article, I will discuss 25 stamina building foods that will help you kill it at your next workout session or walk and run without feeling breathless. But first, let’s see which macronutrients and micronutrients are the primary sources of energy. Let’s begin!
1. Complex Carbohydrates
Complex carbs consist of dietary fiber and starch. Complex carbs differ from simple carbs because simple carbs such as white sugar, brown sugar, honey, maple syrup, etc. are readily absorbed in the blood leading to a rise in blood glucose. Complex carbs, on the other hand, are digested slowly and rich in dietary fiber. They provide a lot of energy that is used as a fuel for our muscles and brain. Soluble fibers as fruits, nuts, legumes, seeds, rice bran, oats, brown rice and barley control blood sugar levels and lower cholesterol. Insoluble fibers like whole grain bread, pasta, rice, cereals, wheat bran, corn bran, vegetables, and nuts help to build up stamina. These foods break down into glucose and provide a lot of energy.
Proteins from food are broken down into amino acids by our digestive system. These amino acids are used for muscle building and repair, making hormones, red blood cells, and other tissues in the body. Proteins play an important role in the growth and development of a healthy immune system. Proteins have a higher metabolic rate than fats and help us to burn more calories. Sources of proteins are fish, poultry, eggs, milk, cheese, legumes, and nuts.
3. Healthy Fats
Not all fats are bad. You should include a required amount of healthy fat into your daily diet. Fats are required to increase the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins like Vitamins A, D, E and K. It is important to use healthy fat options which provide omega-3 fatty acids like fish, almonds, walnuts and vegetable oils. These fats are responsible for the growth and development of the body.
4. Iron And Calcium
Calcium is an important mineral that helps build strong bones in our body. Iron is required by the red blood cells for transporting oxygen throughout the body. Deficiency of iron in the diet makes you anemic and leads to a loss of stamina. Some iron rich foods are broccoli, spinach, meat, beans, and nuts. Calcium can be obtained by consuming milk, cheese, yogurt, green leafy vegetables, and sardines.
5. Vitamin C
It is necessary to consume fruits that are rich in vitamin C. Vitamin C helps to strengthen our immune system and regulates the chemical reactions in our body. Sources of vitamin C are orange, kiwi, lemon, lime, cranberry, apple, guava, grapefruit, grapes, spinach, kale, bell peppers, tomato, broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts, gooseberry, chives, basil, and thyme.
These are the 5 macronutrients and micronutrients that you should keep in mind when you buy your grocery. Include more of the 25 stamina enhancing foods mentioned below.
Stamina Foods List – Top 25
Almonds are considered to be the world’s healthiest foods. They are rich in vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids. These fatty acids are an excellent source of energy and do not accumulate in the body. They build strong bones, nourish the brains, improve heart health and keep you energetic all through the day.
Red apples are rich in antioxidants, are high in soluble fiber, iron, vitamins, and minerals. Apple boosts the immune system, detoxifies the liver, controls weight and maintains a healthy heart. The soluble fiber keeps you full and energetic for a longer duration. Iron ups the hemoglobin in blood, increases the oxygen to muscles and builds up stamina.
Bananas are a rich source of carbohydrates, fiber, potassium, and fructose. Bananas provide instant energy and also increases stamina. Bananas trigger the release of dopamine that supports concentration and focus. It is as beneficial as a sports energy drink!
Corn is rich in vitamins, minerals, nutrients and antioxidants. Corn provides healthy calories for metabolism and significantly prevents various ailments. Corn is an excellent source of carbohydrates. Corn lowers cholesterol, improves heart function and builds up stamina. It provides readily available glycogen to the body that instantly generates energy.
Chicken is an excellent source of lean protein. It supports a healthy body weight, promotes the growth and development of muscles and aids weight loss. Chicken improves stamina by keeping you satisfied and energetic all day. Eating chicken improves bone health, builds muscles, improves immunity and relieves stress.
6. Citrus Fruits
Citrus fruits are super rich in vitamin C that enhances the absorption of iron in food. Citrus fruits are great energy boosters; they cleanse the body and increase immunity. Drinking a glass of citrus juice increases the absorption by about 10 percent.
7. Beetroot Juice
Beetroots are rich in potassium, dietary fiber, and vitamins A and C. These nutrients help to build up stamina and reduce exhaustion. Beetroot juice is known to eliminate fatigue. Drinking a glass of beetroot juice before workouts can boost the energy levels.
Beans are rich in iron, fiber, carbohydrates, proteins and other minerals. They provide complete nutrition and enhance stamina by increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
9. Brown Rice
Brown rice is loaded with dietary fiber and complex carbohydrates. It is also a good source of Vitamin B complex. Brown rice is less starchy and hence takes longer to digest. This keeps the stomach full for long, energizes the body and helps to maintain the stamina levels.
Coffee is an instant energy booster. It stimulates and energizes your brain making it alert and active. Excess caffeine or coffee is harmful. However, it can be used in limited quantities to cure migraines and get the required levels of stamina.
11. Dried Fruits
Dried fruits are an excellent alternative to refined sugars. They are packed with various essential nutrients, vitamins and essential fatty acids for maintaining a healthy and energetic body. They are rich in omega-3 fatty acids and are responsible for providing a lot of energy and help build up stamina.
Eggs are one of the most nutritious foods and a great source of proteins. They are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Although eggs are high in cholesterol, they don’t affect the levels of blood cholesterol. They are a wholesome food that increase stamina and keep your energy levels high all day.
Fish is incredibly nutritious. They are rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals and omega-3 fatty acids. Eating fish is beneficial for heart health, development of the brain and nervous system. Fish provide lean proteins and all other nutrients required for optimum stamina levels.
14. Green Tea
Green tea is rich in antioxidants. It helps detoxify the system and makes you feel more energetic. It is a brain stimulant like caffeine, but is a healthier choice. Green tea lowers cholesterol levels, aids in weight loss and builds up stamina.
15. Green Leafy Vegetables
Green leafy vegetables are rich in fiber, vitamins and are packed with micronutrients. Vitamin C provides a boost to the stamina levels, and fiber takes longer to digest and helps to maintain blood sugar levels.
16. Lean Meat
Lean meat is an excellent source of proteins and is low in fat and calories. It is rich in vitamins and minerals. Lean meat provides the required proteins for an energetic and highly active lifestyle. It builds muscles, strengthens the body and increases stamina.
Maca is a super food that has medicinal properties. It improves male fertility and libido. Maca root is mainly available in a powdered form. This is one of the best foods that increase sexual stamina and is medically prescribed to improve one’s love life.
Pumpkins are nutrition-packed, are rich in vitamin A, fiber and are low in calories. Pumpkin seeds are highly nutritious and contain proteins, and a wide variety of minerals like magnesium, manganese, zinc and copper. Pumpkin has a positive impact on hormones. It increases stamina and makes you fitter and more energetic.
Pomegranates are rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. They promote healthy bones, cardiovascular health and boost immunity and stamina. Pomegranate has a high content of polyphenols and helps to eliminate muscle inflammation and soreness.
Oatmeal contains complex carbohydrates. These break down at a slower rate and take more time to digest. This helps in keeping your stomach full for a longer duration. Oatmeal is power-packed and provides you with sustained energy for many hours. It keeps the blood sugar levels optimal and increases stamina as well.
21. Peanut Butter
Peanut butter is an excellent food to increase stamina. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids that are required for a healthy heart and brain. Since peanut butter has high-calorie content, it takes a longer time to digest. Consuming peanut butter with complex carbohydrates keeps you full for a long time.
Quinoa is a super-grain that rich in amino acids, vitamins, fiber, and minerals. It is protein-rich and has twice as much fiber as other grains. It provides instant energy and keeps the energy levels high all through the day. Quinoa is considered a power packed food for athletes and also ups their stamina levels.
23. Red Grapes
Red grapes are abundant in natural sugars that provide instant energy and build stamina. These also contain resveratrol, which is a great energy booster.
Soybeans are the richest source of plant proteins and are on of the best foods to increase stamina. They are high in
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hold as you watch the film.
Through the children we experience innocence and fear. Through the adults we experience prejudice and hate, but also compassion and love. Time and again the story invites us to understand each character’s point of view.
Six-year-old Scout drives the message home when she tells her father, “I think there’s just one kind of folks. Folks.”
To Kill a Mockingbird is the ultimate invitation to empathy. That is what makes the book and the film masterworks.
Image may be subject to copyright.No matter the workplace, data security is often a top concern for management professionals. Security breaches can end up threatening the livelihood of employees and entire companies alike, depending on how severe they are. There are solutions available to many common professional data security problems. However, understanding the surrounding statistics is often the first step.
To learn more about data security in the workplace, checkout this infographic compiled by the University of Alabama at Birmingham’s Online Master of Science in Management Information Systems program.
Employees and General Information Security
Over eighty percent of companies say that their biggest security threat is end user carelessness. Seventy five percent of companies also believe that employee negligence is their greatest security threat. Three percent of all United States full time employees admitted to using the same collection of passwords for their online needs. A third of this percentage even admitted to using less than five different passwords to access anywhere between twenty five to fifty websites, some of which were business and professional locations. Over thirty three percent of US companies do not have a security plan for internal security risks, which means personal responsibility is the largest deterrent in a vast majority of these incidents.
Many mistakes committed by employees are entirely avoidable. Things such as sharing passwords with others and leaving their computers unattended outside the workplace all contribute to security problems. Employees are strongly encouraged to use different passwords for different websites, and to change them frequently. Additionally, it is important to delete data when it is no longer being used on the computer, as well as avoid connecting personal devices to company networks and databases.
Largest Threats to Information Security
Senior managers are as much a culprit of problematic behavior as their employees. Over fifty eight percent of senior managers have accidentally sent crucial and private company information to the wrong people. Fifty one percent of all senior managers have also taken private files from the company with them after they left the job. Business owners may end up compromising their own company’s security as well. Over eighty seven percent of all business owners regularly upload files from work to a personal cloud or storage network. Sixty three percent of those same business owners also use the same passwords to log into different systems in both business and personal affairs.
Tips on Promoting Security
There are many solutions that can be taken to help keep the workplace safe. One of the first of these is to implement a strict, written set of security guidelines. Enforcing physical restrictions to personal data is also recommended. Destroying older data in a more timely fashion can also help resolve many security risks. Generally raising security awareness in the workplace by training and educating employees in proper and improper behavior can be a good idea. All business owners and leaders are strongly encouraged to become more vocal about security in the workplace.
Employees and Specialized Training
Proper information and security training on a professional level can also help reduce the frequency and severity of security breaches. Over thirty seven percent of employees had received mobile security training, while over forty percent of employees had received information sharing training. Increasing this number can help spread security awareness in the workplace on a much more efficient level, and businesses are encouraged to introduce some type of professional training program.
Current Bring Your Own Device Practices
Fortunately, while there is room for improvement in many companies, management professionals are also looking into ways to help improve Bring Your Own Device standards and practices. Over forty percent of companies currently consider mobile device insecurities to be a large security concern. Fifteen percent of employees believe that they have minimal, or practically no, responsibility to safeguard the personal data stored on their devices. This type of thinking is what encourages security risks to occur in the first place. As a result, there is going to be an expected increase in security strategies of upwards of sixty four percent for employees concerning the use of their personal devices over the next twelve months.
Information Security Recommendations
Numerous security recommendations are already being considered by many companies and many businesses are planning on introducing more data leakage protection to help control what data mobile employees will be able to send through Bring Your Own Device practices. This can help prevent the transfer of regulated data through unsecured apps. These plans can also help prevent employees from accessing data on unsecured devices, or transferring unsecured data on their own devices. Future demands will also require owned devices to have a password necessary in order to access the stored data. Many training programs are also going to be planned as well, which will inform employees of the necessity of adhering to, and enforcing, data security regulations.
Add This Infographic to Your SiteBy Miele
Preparare gli gnocchi: impastare velocemente con una forchetta farina, acqua e olio fino ad ottenere un impasto liscio e non appiccicoso. Formare dei filoncini da 1 cm e ricavare gnocchi di piccole dimensioni.
Posizionare su una teglia in acciaio non forata e cuocere nel forno in modalità Cottura a vapore a 100 °C per 2 minuti (senza aggiunta di acqua e sale). In alternativa, cucoere in acqua bollente salata sul piano cottura.
Preparare il pesto: frullare brevemente gli ingredienti necessari fino ad ottenere una consistenza piuttosto rustica.
Condire gli gnocchi all'interno della stessa teglia di cottura e passare nuovamente in forno in modalità Cottura a vapore a 40 °C per 2 minuti poco prima del servizio.
By Mieleمدیر امور عشایر استان تهران گفت: از ۲۷ اسفندماه در مسیرهای تعیین شده ۱۲ سیاه چادر به منظور خدمت رسانی به مسافران نوروزی برپا شد.
به گزارش خبرگزاری فارس از تهران، فرشید ذبیحی مدیر امور عشایر استان تهران اظهار کرد: با هدف خدمت رسانی به مسافران نوروزی و معرفی زندگی عشایری ۱۲ سیاه چادر در مسیرهایی همچون عوارضی تهران_ قم و ورودی های شهرهای ورامین، پیشوا، پاکدشت، دماوند و فیروزکوه برپا شد.
وی افزود: همچنین در ورودی غربی پایتخت در مجموعه برج آزادی نیز سیاه چادرهای عشایری برپا شده است.
مدیر امور عشایر استان تهران با اشاره به استقبال کم نظیر مسافران نوروزی گفت: مسافران با زندگی عشایری آشنا می شوند و دقایقی در سیاه چادرها با پذیرایی جامعه عشایری کام خود را شیرین میکنند.
به گفته وی، به مناسبت ماه مبارک رمضان، ویژه برنامه های عشایری پس از افطار برگزار خواهد شد.
ذبیحی خاطرنشان کرد: جامعه عشایری استان تهران دارای چهار ایل و ۲۷ طایفه است و آلبوم عکسی از عشایر استان های سراسر کشور موجود است که می تواند برای گردشگران و مسافران نوروزی جذاب باشد.
پایان پیام/The behaviors above do not constitute passive aggressive behavior in themselves. For example, you may sigh because you are bored without any passive aggressive strategy behind it.Passive aggressive is an overused term that is often used incorrectly. For example, labeling aggressive behavior as passive aggressive. It is also common to assume that anyone who is angry is passive aggressive when this is not the case.
Acting out physically without going so far so as to get in trouble - e.g. slamming a door
Applying negative labels to others
Complaining to third parties
Continuing to be bitter after agreeing that an issue has been resolved
Criticizes others behind their backs
Denies negative emotions / Pretends doesn't care
Dirty looks / Negative facial expressions
Drops hints when they are angry
Encourages others to make mistakes - e.g. intentional bad advice
Guilt trips / Using guilt as leverage over others
Highlights and publicizes the mistakes, failures and shortcomings of others
Intentionally drawing an emotional response from others - e.g. saying things that you know will make a particular person angry
Keeping score - carefully tracking perceived slights
Laughing at other's expense
Negative body language
Petty authoritarianism - using artifacts of authority such as rules against others
Positions others as oppressive / bad
Positions self as victim
Pretending that others have violated a norm - e.g. why are you looking at me like that?
Pretending to be friendly
Purposeful mistakes - e.g. sending a customer's bags to the wrong destination
Sensitive / reads much into things
Setting others up to fail
Sighing / makes small negative sounds
Silent treatment / ignoring others
Socially undermining others
Strategic social exclusion of others
Strategic use of inaction
Strategic use of social coldness / distance
Strategic use of stubbornness
Sullen / Down / Despondent
Tries to turn others against someone
Trying to make others feel guilty
Upset when hints aren't immediately read
Won't directly complain
Won't directly resolve issues
Won't state what they want
CounterexamplesIf you aren't passive aggressive you directly try to resolve things with others. As such, behaviors such as arguing and directly expressing your complaints, emotions and expectations are signs that you are not passive aggressive.
Passive Aggressive CommunicationPassive aggressive communication is communication with negative intent that is socially acceptable on the surface. This is a way to be hostile without technically breaking any rules. The following are illustrative examples.
Most people on the team say they don't like you but I always defend you.
Why are you in a bad mood? [positioning other as the one who is negative]
Why are you staring at me? [pretending someone has violated a norm, positioning self as victim]
Wow, I love your haircut. [sarcastic tone]
Your English is so good. [treating someone as an outsider or treating them as a child]
Personality, Habit & StrategyMost people have used a passive aggressive strategy at some point. For example, sighing to express negativity without engaging in direct conflict with someone. Passive aggressive behavior can become a habit that can eventually become ingrained in your personality. As with any habit, passive aggressive behavior can be overcome with effort.
PathologizationPathologization is the practice of labeling people with concepts from popular psychology. For example, deciding that a coworker is a narcissist or passive aggressive and forever viewing them in this light. Human behavior is quite complex and it is unfair to label people. Passive aggressive behavior may be situational and not part of a person's character. In many cases, communication that sounds passive aggressive is unintentional.
OriginThe term passive aggressive was first used by Colonel William C. Menninger during World War II to describe passive resistance to military compliance. For example, if troops felt that an order was irrational, they may execute the order in an inefficient way or find a road block that prevents the order from progressing without breaking any rules.
Allowing DisagreementAny system or social conditions that do not allow for direct disagreement are likely to create passive aggressive behavior. If the slightest nonconformance or disagreement is punished -- passive aggressive approaches are arguably rational. For example, passive aggressive behavior is common in any conflict avoiding culture that prioritizes group harmony. In this case, groups will appear to be harmonious on the surface with intensive passive aggressive behavior just below this facade.
|Overview: Passive Aggressive|
|Definition||Behavior and communication that is hostile and indirect.|A little more than a year ago, the Deepwater Horizon exploded, spilling 205 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico. That much oil is hard to wrap your head around. It's obviously enough to power your car for an astronomical number of trips to the store, but how much oil is it really? This video explains exactly what we could have used that oil for, instead of killing pelicans and dolphins:
At our current levels of use, nearly half would have gone to those trips to the store: 94 million gallons of it would have been made into gasoline. That's a lot of polluting cross country trips (see above).
Another 37 million gallons would be for diesel fuel, and then 16 million for jet fuel. In short, we use a lot of fuel getting around. Want to use less oil, find better ways to do that, or stop those trips? All that oil that would end up vaporized as 1.6 million tons carbon emissions, and another chunk would have made 20,000 tons of plastic (that's enough to fill the Empire State building with milk jugs).
Three-quarters of that plastic wouldn't be recycled, and a lot of that unrecycled plastic ends up in the ocean. Turns out, we would have used that oil to kill pelicans and dolphins, its just a question of what form the oil is we would have used to do it. You could argue that the oil spill simply cut out the middle man. And as much oil as it looks like we poured into the Gulf, it's a tiny drop of all the oil flowing around the world and doing horrible damage to the environment in various other permutations. In the U.S. alone, we churn through 205 million gallons in less than seven hours.
Once the video has done such an excellent job putting into perspective how truly massive our addiction to oil is, so much that it could destroy the Gulf with just seven hours worth of our consumption, it makes the awful mistake of trying to tell us how to make a difference, and doing it in the most insipid way possible. Suggesting using a thermos instead of bottled water and limiting your trips to the store make the same mistake An Inconvenient Truth did by suggesting that we change our light bulbs.
In the face of these massive problems, those actions are a mere drop in the bucket. Sure, using a water bottle instead of bottled water will cut down on a tiny amount of plastic, and if we did that en masse, water bottle companies would start producing less as demand declined. But oil has become so essential to the very fabric of our society, its going to take more than the actions of committed individuals to pry us lose -- we need action from governments and game changing technological innovation to do that.
On the other hand, using a thermos and limiting your trips to the store will save you money and make you feel good about yourself. Isn't that enough?Filistin'de bir hackerin İsrail ordusuna ait insansız hava araçlarındaki (İHA) iletişim sistemine sızdığı ve Gazze'deki milislere İHA'ların sinyallerini gönderdiği belirtildi.
Gözaltına alınan hacker hakkında soruşturma başlatıldığını kaydeden İsrail savcılığından yapılan açıklamada, Filistin İslami Cihat hareketi üyesi olduğu belirtilen Macid Ubeyda isimli hackerin İHA sistemine sızdığı belirtilidi.
Açıklamada, Ubayda'nın 2012 yılından bu yana İHA'ların Filistin topraklarında çektiği görüntüleri izlediği bildirildi.
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Sakalar ve kanaryalar, çocuklar için en iyi evcil kuşlar listesinde ilk sırada yer alır çünkü minimum etkileşim gerektirirler ve bakımları kolaydır. Küçük çocuklar özellikle bu kuşları severler çünkü seyretmek ve yumuşak cıvıltılarını dinlemek büyüleyici etkiye sahiptir. Sakalar genellikle insanlarla etkileşime girmeyi pek önemsemezler. Yani bir saka seçmeye karar verirseniz,
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Ecology, Montana, wildlife management, sharp-tailed grouse, Population augmentation, grouse, Eureka, Kalispell, sharptailed, sharptailed grouse, tobacco valley, tobacco valley montana, wildlife parks, montana fish wildlife, fish wildlife parks, sharptailed grouse tympanuchus phasianellus, Columbian sharp-tailed grouse, Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus, extirpation
Records extending back to 1861 document the presence of sharp-tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus) in the Tobacco Valley of northwestern Montana. However, following a similar trend throughout the species’ range, populations of sharp-tailed grouse in the Tobacco Valley declined sharply until only three males were observed on one lek by 1987. Seven years of transplanting birds (1987 to1997) increased the numbers of individuals on one lek and led to the establishment of a second lek that persisted for three years. After each of the transplant periods ended, the number of males counted at leks gradually declined until the last lek activity was recorded in 2000. Sharp-tailed grouse in the Tobacco Valley likely were extirpated by 2003.
Yong, D. L., Wood, A. K. 2012. Effectiveness of Sharp-tailed Grouse Transplants in the Tobacco Valley, Montana. Intermountain Journal of Sciences 18(1-4): 31-38.Vice-president, 125, 190, 193, 194.
Village, 56, 57.
Voters, 29, 32, 33, 39, 60, 67, 68, 175, 182.
Voting, 175, 176, 181, 183.
War, declaration of, 114.
Ward convention, 195.
Warrants, 34, 45.
Water works, 59, 60.
Wills, 49, 53, 54.
Works, electric, 59.
public, 57, 59, 60.
Writs, serving of, 35.
BY HON. HOKE SMITH, U.S. SENATOR,
Formerly President of the Board of Education, Atlanta, Ga.
GEORGIA SUPPLEMENT.—PETERMAN’S CIVIL GOVERNMENT.
Copyright, 1901, 1908, 1914, by AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY,
THE STATE OF GEORGIA.
In the people of Georgia is vested the power of government and with them lies the supreme authority in the State, except in this: the people of Georgia can pass no law which conflicts with the provisions of the Constitution of the United States. As a safeguard and for the better administration of their affairs, the people of Georgia have established a Constitution. The present Constitution was adopted by delegates selected from Senatorial districts. The delegates met in convention and adopted the present Constitution in 1877. All laws in Georgia must be made in accordance with the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of Georgia. They must also be executed according to the provisions of these Constitutions. The Constitution of Georgia can be amended by a two-thirds vote of the members of each branch of the General Assembly, but the action of the General Assembly in amending the Constitution must be ratified by the voters at the next election of members of the General Assembly; or, a new Constitution can be made by another constitutional convention, which can be called only by two thirds of the members of each house of the General Assembly.
The Constitution of Georgia places the administration of the civil government of the State in three departments, the Legislative, the Executive, and the Judicial.
LEGISLATIVE.—The Legislative department consists of two bodies, namely, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of forty-four members, one from each Senatorial district. The Senatorial districts consist of three or more counties. No one can be elected a State Senator who is not a citizen of the United States, who has not attained the age of twenty-five years, and who has not been a resident of the State four years.
The House of Representatives consists of one hundred and eighty-six members, apportioned among the different counties according to population. The six counties having the largest population have three representatives each; the twenty-six counties having the next largest population have two representatives each; the remaining one hundred sixteen counties have one representative each. A member of the House of Representatives must be twenty-one years of age, and must have resided in the State four years, and in the county from which elected one year. The members of the Legislature are elected biennially on the first Wednesday in October.همه چيز در مورد بنفشه آفريقايي
بنفشه آفريقايي يکي از زيباترين گياهان گلدار است که نه تنها داراي گل هايي زيباست بلکه شاخ و برگ آن نيز از جذابيت خاصي برخوردار است. پرورش بنفشه آفريقايي اصلي کار دشواري است ولي واريته ها و هيبريدهاي جديد آن قوي تر و پرگل تر هستند و درصورت رعايت برخي اصول، پرورش آنها موفقيت آميز خواهد بود.
● رويشگاه اصلي
اولين گياه بنفشه آفريقايي که ارغواني رنگ بود در آفريقا و توسط بارون والتر فون سنت پل کشف شد و از آن تاريخ تاکنون طيف وسيعي از اين گياه با انواع رنگ ها و الگوهاي رشدي توليد شده است که بخشي از آن نتيجه کاشت و هيبريدگيري هاي متعدد از تاريخ ۱۸۹۲ به بعد است.
● عادت رشدي
گياهي علفي، هميشه سبز و دائمي، فاقد ساقه به شکل رزت با گل هايي بسيار زيباست. بلندي آن به حدود ۱۰ سانتيمتر و گستردگي آن به حدود ۲۵ سانتيمتر مي رسد.
● برگ
برگ ها نسبتاً سبز تيره، قلبي شکل، مخملي، واجد دمبرگ بلند، گوشتي، حداکثر به طول هشت سانتيمتر، با سطح فوقاني سبزرنگ و سطح تحتاني سبز مايل به قرمز هستند.
● گل
به صورت مجموعه هاي دو تا هشت تايي از گل هاي واجد پنج لوب، به عرض ۵/۲ سانتيمتر واقع بر روي ساقه هايي بالاتر از برگ ها و در تمام طول سال ظاهر مي شوند.
● نور مناسب
در صورت پرورش در محيطي با نور کافي به طور مرتب گل مي دهند، به ويژه در زمستان نور مستقيم آفتاب براي اين گياهان ضرورت کامل دارد. منبع تامين کننده نور مي تواند آفتاب صبحگاهي يا نور حاصل از چراغ هاي سيمابي يا مهتابي باشد. نکته مهم آن است که منبع نور نبايد حرارت زياد توليد کند و فقط ساعات روشنايي در طول يک روز و فاصله از منبع نوراني اهميت دارد، به همين علت نور پنجره جنوبي و شرقي در زمستان و پنجره غربي در تابستان و بهار براي آنها مناسب است. هنگامي که نور کافي به اين گياه نرسد برگ هاي آن به سمت بالا متمايل مي شوند و تعداد گل ها نيز کاهش مي يابد، در صورت رفع مشکل گياه به حالت طبيعي خود برمي گردد.
براي آنکه گياه در زمستان نيز گل بدهد بايد در تمام مدت شب از نور مصنوعي استفاده کنيم. براي اين منظور دو عدد چراغ فلورسنت ۴۰ وات در ارتفاع ۳۰ سانتيمتري بالاي بوته و به مدت ۱۴ ساعت از غروب تا طلوع آفتاب روشن مي کنيم.
● آبياري
بهترين روش آن است که آبياري از بالا صورت گيرد اما دقت کنيد تاج گل و جوانه هاي کناري خيس نشوند. در صورتي که تمايل به آبياري از پايين داريد، گلدان را بيش از نيم ساعت در آب قرار ندهيد زيرا سيستم ريشه اي در بنفشه آفريقايي کوچک و ظريف است و اگر به طور مداوم در آب قرار گيرد، خطر پوسيدگي آن را تهديد مي کند. البته در مدت گل دهي خاک گلدان بايد مرطوب، اما نه خيس باشد و در ساير موارد که گياه در مرحله گل دهي نيست اجازه دهيد خاک بين دو آبياري خشک شود. تنش سرمايي براي اين گياه بسيار مضر است به همين علت از آب شير با دماي معمولي استفاده کنيد و هيچ گاه آب سرد به گياه ندهيد و حتي از خيس کردن ساقه و برگ گياه با آب سرد خودداري کنيد. آب سنگين نيز براي اين گياه مضر است.
● رطوبت مناسب
محيط اطراف اين گياهان بايد مرطوب باشد و رطوبت بين ۹۵ ۷۵ درصد براي آنها بسيار مناسب است. به منظور افزايش رطوبت محيط مي توان تعدادي اسفنج مرطوب در اطراف آنها قرار داد يا گلدان حاوي آنها را با گلدان هاي برگي در يک مجموعه قرار داد.
● دماي مناسب
درجه حرارت محيط اطراف اين گياهان بايد ثابت و مداوم باشد و تغيير ناگهاني براي آنها مضر است. اين گياهان نسبت به سرما نيز حساس هستند و حداقل دماي مناسب براي آنها ۱۵درجه سانتيگراد (۵۹ درجه فارنهايت) است، به همين علت در شب هاي سرد زمستان گياهان را از کنار پنجره برداريد.
● خاک مناسب
اين گياهان به خاک غني نياز دارند و خاک جنگلي نرم و قابل نفوذ يا تورب با کمي خاک برگ براي آنها مناسب است.
● کوددهي
بنفشه هاي آفريقايي را بايد در هر آبياري با يک کود رقيق حاوي فسفر بالا (۱۴ ۱۲ ۳۶) تغذيه کرد. هيچ گاه غلظت کود را از ميزان توصيه شده بالاتر نبريد و خاک را هر دو تا سه ماه يک بار شست وشو دهيد و اجازه دهيد خاک با خروج کامل آب از زهکش کف گلدان کاملاً شسته شود. با اجراي يک برنامه کوددهي منظم و مداوم املاح در خاک گلدان تجمع مي يابند و در صورت عدم شست وشوي خاک، ريشه ها صدمه مي بينند.
● گلدان مناسب
با توجه به حساسيت اين گياه نسبت به سرما بهتر است آنها را در گلدان هاي پلاستيک پرورش دهيم و از گلدان هاي سفالي استفاده نکنيم زيرا سفال در طول ماه هاي سرد، سرما را جذب مي کند و نتيجه اين تنش سرمايي در گياه، قهوه اي شدن و مرگ برگ هاست. در صورت ضرورت تعويض گلدان اين کار را در بهار انجام دهيد.
● تکثير
الف) تقسيم بوته مادري: تعدد تاج ها باعث برهم زدن الگوي رشد در گياه مادري مي شود. به کمک نوک يک چاقوي تيز، گياهک هاي جديد را از گياه مادر جدا کنيد و دقت کنيد که هر يک از آنها واجد تعدادي ريشه باشند. سپس هر يک را در گلدان جداگانه اي قرار دهيد و خاک آن را تا زمان استقرار کامل گياه به طور دائم مرطوب نگه داريد.
ب) قلمه برگي: تکثير اين گياهان به کمک قلمه هاي برگي به آساني صورت مي گيرد. برگي سالم و عاري از حشرات را انتخاب کرده و از ساقه جدا کنيد. پنج سانتيمتر از دمبرگ آن را باقي بگذاريد و اضافه طول آن را حذف کنيد و در عمق کم با زاويه ۴۵ درجه در يک گلدان حاوي خاک مرطوب (تورب يا ماسه نرم) قرار دهيد. قبل از هر آبياري خاک آن را لمس کنيد، اگر ذرات به دست شما نچسبيد آن را آبياري کنيد. زمان مناسب براي اين روش تکثير تابستان و در حرارت ۲۱ ۱۸ درجه سانتيگراد است. ظرف مدت چهار تا شش هفته گياهان جديد در پايه دمبرگ تشکيل مي شوند. زماني که بلندي گياهان تازه تشکيل شده به پنج سانتيمتر رسيد آنها را جدا کنيد و جداگانه در گلدان هاي ۵/۷ سانتيمتري قرار دهيد. اين گياهان ظرف مدت يک سال بايد گل بدهند.
ج) بذر: در اوايل بهار در حرارت ۲۱ ۱۸ درجه سانتيگراد مي توان گياه را به وسيله بذر تکثير کرد.
● آفات
آفات شايع روي بنفشه هاي آفريقايي ، شپشک آردآلود و کنه سيکلامن هستند. شپشک آردآلود در سطح زيرين برگ ها و در گل ها مخفي مي شوند و از شيره پرورده گياه تغذيه مي کنند. کليه برگ ها و گل هايي را که به شدت آلوده هستند حذف کنيد. در اين امر غفلت نکنيد زيرا حفظ برگ ها و گل هاي آلوده باعث مي شود هيچ گاه نتوانيد آفت را از محيط دور کنيد. اقدام بعدي که معمولاً در محيط منازل توصيه مي شود اين است که کليه قسمت هاي گياه را با پنبه مرطوب کاملاً تميز کنيد. در صورت شدت مشکل، گياهان را از فضاي داخل منزل خارج و در محيطي مناسب به کمک يک سم فسفره مانند مالاتيون اسپري کنيد. کنه سيکلامن با چشم غيرمسلح ديده نمي شود و در رويش هاي جديد ايجاد دردسر مي کند.
به همين علت کنترل آن مشکل است. علائم اين آفت آن است که رويش هاي جديد به رنگ خاکستري متمايل مي شوند يا برگ هاي جديد به صورت متراکم و درهم رشد مي کنند. هرگاه اين گونه علائم را در هر يک از گياهان بنفشه آفريقايي ديديد بلافاصله گياه آلوده را از بين ببريد و به خاطر داشته باشيد که گياهان آلوده را به هيچ عنوان نمي توان درمان کرد.
منابع :
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aftab.ir机器人辅助脊柱外科手术
Noah Pernikoff成为世界上第一位接受复杂的三部分机器人辅助手术的患者后，回到纽约市。机械臂使宾夕法尼亚州的多学科团队能够成功地从诺亚的脖子(颅骨与脊柱交汇处)清除罕见的肿瘤。由Neil Malhotra博士领导的多位外科医生团队于2017年8月在宾夕法尼亚大学医院完成了动土手术，历时两天二十多个小时。
脊索瘤是一种罕见的癌症，发生在颅底和脊柱的骨骼中。脊索瘤通常生长缓慢，多年无症状。就27岁的诺亚·佩尔尼科夫(Noah Pernikoff)而言，2016年的一场车祸显示出他令人惊讶的诊断。
在事故造成的伤害中，诺亚(Noah)曾在纽约市一家商业承包公司工作，他撕裂了他的肩袖，并弄了几张椎间盘突出。然而，更重要的是，他的事故后na的脖子疼痛，导致X射线检查显示出他的颈椎颈部严重病变。病变显然与事故无关，而且比他所遭受的轻伤更令人担忧。从事故中恢复后，佩尔尼科夫的父亲是一名医生，他鼓励儿子去看神经外科医生来评估受伤情况。神经外科医师Pernikoff最终建议对该部位进行活检，从而诊断出脊索瘤。
“我很幸运，因为他们很早就抓到了我的地雷。对于很多人来说，如果不及早发现和治疗它，那是致命的，” Pernikoff说。“医生说，如果我不是在车祸中发现它，它可能会一直增长，直到它到达我的脊髓导致麻痹或死亡的地步。对此我感到非常幸运。” 不幸的是，神经外科医师向Pernikoff解释，虽然众所周知手术是脊索瘤的最佳选择，但Pernikoff很难切除，他将不得不尝试第二种选择，即采用质子疗法进行放射治疗。
脊索瘤极为罕见。每年只有一百万人受到影响。Pernikoff位于C2椎骨上的脊索瘤的特定类型更为罕见，这给治疗带来了挑战。佩尔尼科夫(Pernikoff)的神经外科医生立即将他转介给佩恩(Penn)，多学科团队审查了他的病情和他的选择，并开始制定治疗计划-并非通过放射疗法，而是一项从未进行过的复杂手术。
神经外科和骨外科的助理教授，神经外科部门的副主席Neil Malhotra医学博士聚集了一支多学科的内科医师团队来治疗Pernikoff脊索瘤。Malhotra计划通过一种罕见且复杂的脊柱外科手术方法切除肿瘤。Bert W. O'Malley，医学博士，耳鼻喉科：头颈外科教授兼主席，计划在第二部分中使用经口机器人(TORS)方法协助Malhotra的方法并改善Pernikoff的康复的手术。TORS是在Penn发明的世界上第一套微创机器人手术技术，用于清除口腔和咽喉的良性和恶性肿瘤。
Malhotra说：“这将是机器人首次以这种方式使用-对本已稀少而复杂的案件来说是罕见的方法。” “我们的团队需要使用骨头和棒材重建Pernikoff脊柱的切除区域，而这仅仅是开始。”
赌注很高。Malhotra说，由于肿瘤的位置，切除可能会损害Pernikoff脊柱的结构完整性，导致永久性瘫痪。还存在并发症的风险，例如骨骼和组织破裂，嗅觉丧失，精细的运动技能问题以及完全瘫痪。而且，他说：“如果我们不能切除整个肿瘤，它可能会长回来，也许比以前更具侵略性。”
手术分为三个部分。首先，神经外科医生穿过Pernikoff的脖子后部，将肿瘤周围的脊柱切开，为第二阶段做准备，通过他的嘴将肿瘤切除。此阶段的关键是在肿瘤周围进行超声切骨-去除一块骨头，而不会触碰到它，并且不会损伤神经外科医生与肿瘤/脊柱之间的脊髓。在第一阶段获得成功后，O'Malley和一个由三个头部和颈部外科医生组成的团队使用外科手术机器人清理了一条路径，以便Malhotra可以通过口腔完全清除肿瘤和部分脊柱。最后，研究小组使用Pernikoffs的一些脊柱重建了Per
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- a stable negatively charged elementary particle with a small mass that is a fundamental constituent of matter and orbits the nucleus of an atom
Elevation - The vertical distance between the level where fluid enters a pipe and the level where it leaves; is measured from the datum plane to the highest point. It is associated with the discharge side of a pump and must be added to the Total Discharge Head if the inlet is lower than the outlet and subtracted if the inlet is higher. As a rule of good installation practice, however, pipes should slope continuously upward from the inlet to the outlet to prevent entrapment of air.
Empty Bed Contact Time - A measurement of the duration of contact between water and the media through which it is flowing, typically used in reference to carbon beds.
Endotoxin - Bacterial lipopolysaccharide, a substance released from the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria when the organism is broken down.
Energy - cannot be created or destroyed, only converted.
Engine Driven Pump - a type of pump which uses an electric or hydraulic motor as its driver or motive force.
Enhanced-Flow STEP System - a private sewage system that requires a pump. An Effluent Pump lifts a predetermined volume of collected septic overflow to a distribution box or manifold for gravity flow to an absorption field. Enhanced-Flow Systems have the advantage of flexibility in locating the absorption field as well as improved performance compared to strictly gravity flow systems. By pumping a predetermined volume each cycle, the absorption field has time to stabilize between cycles. Loss of effectiveness in hard soils and high water tables and progressive plugging of drain holes and absorption areas are disadvantages.
Equilibrium - The condition where the forces applied to an object are in balance.
Equivalent Length Of Pipe - pipe fittings and valves were tested and values assigned for the head loss measured through them. Instead of assigning a factor, as in the "K" factor method, an "equivalent length of pipe in linear feet" value was assigned.
Exemption - State or EPA permission for a water system not to meet a certain drinking water standard. An exemption allows a system additional time to obtain financial assistance or make improvements in order to come into compliance with the standard. The system must prove that: (1) there are compelling reasons (including economic factors) why it cannot meet a MCL or Treatment Technique; (2) it was in operation on the effective date of the requirement, and (3) the exemption will not create an unreasonable risk to public health. The state must set a schedule under which the water system will comply with the standard for which it received an exemption.
Explosion Proof - A type of motor enclosure that resembles a TENV or TEFC motor with the added protection that the atmosphere cannot get into the motor and sparks in the motor cannot get out into the atmosphere.
Face Piping - The piping with all valves and fittings which is used to connect the filter system together as a unit. This includes all valves and piping necessary for the filter plant to perform the functions of filtering or backwashing, either by the plant as a whole or any unit operating singly.
Factor Of Safety - The ultimate load divided by the safe load or the ultimate strength divided by the allowable stress.
Feed Water - Water under pressure entering a purification system or an individual piece of purification equipment, such as an ultra filter, distiller or reverse osmosis system.
Feet Of Head - A basis for indicating the resistance in a hydraulic system, equivalent to the height of a column of water that would cause the same resistance (100 feet of head equals 43 pounds per square inch). The total head is the sum of all resistances in a complete operating system. The principal factors affecting a head are vertical distances and the resistance caused by friction between the fluid and pipe walls.
Ferric Iron - Small solid iron particles containing trivalent iron, usually as gelatinous ferric hydroxide or ferric oxide, which are suspended in water and visible as "rusty water". Ferric iron can normally be removed by filtration. Also called "precipitated iron".
Ferrous Iron - A divalent iron ion, usually as ferrous bicarbonate which, when dissolved in water, produces a clear solution. It is usually removed by cation exchange water softening. Also called "clear water" iron.
Fibrewound Tank - a tank body made from polyethylene plastic fibers wound around a mandrel.
Filter - A device that separates solid particles from water by recirculating the water through a porous substance (a filter medium element). Permanent Medium Filter: A filter that utilizes a medium that under normal use will not have to be replaced. Diatomaceous Earth Filter: A filter that utilizes a thin layer of diatomaceous earth as its filter medium that periodically must be replaced. Cartridge Filter: A filter that utilizes a porous cartridge as its filter medium.
Filter Agitation - The mechanical or manual movement to dislodge the filter aid and dirt from the filter element.
Filter Aid - A type of finely divided media used to coat a septum type filter, usually diatomaceous earth or volcanic ash. (NOTE: Alum, as used on the bed of a sand filter, is also referred to as a filter aid).
Filter Cartridge - A filter which operates through a disposable cartridge. These are of two general types: The surface or area type where the suspended matter is removed at the surface, and the depth type in which the interstices vary from large to small in depth.
Filter Cycle - The operating time between cleaning or backwash cycles.
Filter Diatomite - One designed to filter water through a thin layer of filter aid such as diatomaceous earth or volcanic ash. Diatomite filters may be of the Pressure, Gravity, Suction or Vacuum type.
Filter Element - A device within a filter tank designed to entrap solids and conduct water to a manifold, collection header, pipe or similar conduit. A filter element usually consists of a septum and septum support.
Filter Media - The finely graded material which entraps suspended particles (sand, anthracite, diatomaceous earth, etc.).
Filter Rock - Graded, rounded rock and/or gravel used to support filter media.
Filter Septum - That part of the filter element consisting of cloth, wire screen or other porous material on which the filter cake is deposited.
Filter, Gravity - Sand - A filter with a layer of filter media (usually silica sand) supported on graded gravel through which water flows by gravity.
Filter, Pressure - Sand - A sand filter enclosed in a tank to operate under pressure.
Filter, Sand - A type of filter media composed of hard sharp silica, quartz, or similar particles with proper grading for size and uniformity.
Filter, Vacuum (Suction) - A filter which operates under a vacuum or from the suction side of a pump.
Filtrate - The portion of the feed stream that has passed through the membrane or filtering media.
Filtration Flow - The rate of flow in volume per time (gallons per minute, gallons per hour), through the filter system installed per manufacturer’s instructions with a new, clean filter medium.
Filtration Rate - The rate of filtration of water through a filter during the filter cycle expressed in US gallons per minute per square foot of effective filter area.
FINA - The Federation Internationale de Natation Amateur – The governing body for intercollegiate competition including the Olympic games.
Final Dispersal - The movement of effluent water to the ground for absorption and filtration.
Finished Water - Water that has been treated and is ready to be delivered to customers.
First Affinity Law - With the same impeller, if you double the diameter, the flow doubles.
Fixture Unit Value – An assigned value for flow created by plumbing fixtures. The value assumes the likelihood of any given plumbing fixture operating at the same time and the amount of wastewater it may create.
Flange - A device used to couple to a pipe on the suction or discharge of a pump.
Flocculating Agent - A compound, such as one of the alums, which forms minute flakes in water which attract or enmesh small suspended particles.
Flocculent - Chemical which, when added to water, causes particles to coagulate into larger groupings that settle out easier. Aluminum compounds are common catalysts in this process.
Flooded Suction - the condition where the water supply is above the pump.
Floor Slope - The slope in the pool floor, usually expressed in feet (or inches) of vertical rise in feet (or inches) of horizontal distance.
Flow Inducer Sleeve - a sleeve attached to a submersible pump to force water to pass around it and enter the pump's suction intake from below the motor for cooling purposes.
Flow Rate - The volume of liquid that passes a given point in a specified unit of time. Capacity is also commonly used to designate Flow Rate when working with pumps. Example - GPM (Gallons per minute), GPH (Gallons pre Hour), or GPD (Gallons per day)
Flow Rate or Capacity - The volume of liquid that passes a given point in a specified unit of time.
Flow Restrictors - valves or bends in a pipe system that restricts the flow of liquid.
Flow Velocity - A quantitative expression of the rate of linear motion at which water passes through a pipe or conduit.
Fluidization - A process by which particles are suspended by an upward flow of liquid, such as may occur during back washing of ion exchange resin or carbon media.
Fluoride - A salt of hydrofluoric acid which may occur naturally in water supplies or be added by municipal processes for the prevention of dental caries. Fluoride is considered toxic in most medical settings and has been implicated with a wide range of physiological disorders including renal bone disease.
Flux/Flux Rate - The rate per unit of area at which water passes through a semi-permeable membrane, such as those used for ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis.
Flyweight - a weight mounted on the side of a rotor designed to snap outward as the motor reaches a critical speed
Foot or Check Valve - A device that keeps water/liquid flowing one way through a pump or piping system; A foot valve is a modified check valve that has a screen on the suction end to prevent debris from entering the pump or pipe.
Force - An applied effort that tends to attempts to move something.
Fouling - The deposition of insoluble materials, such as bacteria, colloids, oxides and water-borne debris, onto the surface of a media such as water softening resins, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration membrane. Fouling is associated with decreased flux rates and may also reduce the rejection rates of reverse osmosis membranes.
Four-Pole Motor - motors with two pairs of running windings that usually run at 1750 rpm.
Fourth Float – Used in a duplex system, when called for in specifications, to activate the alarm. In this case the Lag Float only activates the lag pump.
Frame - the dimensional standard or physical set of members that are used on a motor.
Freeboard - The clear vertical distance between the top of the filter medium and the lowest outlet of the upper distribution system in a permanent medium filter.
Friction - The resistance to motion of two objects or surfaces that touch.
Friction Loss - The loss of pressure or head due to the resistance to flow in the pipe and fittings. Friction loss is influenced by pipe size and fluid velocity, and is usually expressed in feet of head; a form of energy, which is another name for head.
Friction Loss Calculation - based on the type of pipe to be used, the size of the pipe, the average flow rate, and the length of the pipe.
Friction Loss Charts - a table showing resistance to water movement within various types of piping material. All charts are not the same - Pentair uses the Williams and Hazen chart.
Full Load Amps (FLA) rating on the motor nameplate. The FLA is the amperage rating at the motor nameplate horsepower rating and at its rated (nominal) voltage. This is usually the point of maximum efficiency and maximum power factor for the motor. This is where the motor prefers to run
Fulvic Acids - Acidic substances which are found in humic (organic) soils and which may become suspended in water. A component in the production of chloramines.
Fungus - A parasitic plant which produces no chlorophyll and is dependent on other life forms for its existence.
Gas Or Air Entrainment - the entrapment of localized gas or air bubbles and pockets that are created at the discontinuity between an impinging jet flow and the receiving pool of water.
Gasket or O-Ring - a plastic or rubber ring or flat plastic or paper device used in machinery as a seal against air, oil, or high pressure.
Gate Valve - This is probably the least effective of all the valves as it is more prone to cavitation damage and can easily be adjusted by the end user.
Gauge Pressure (PSIA) - pressure above atmospheric pressure.
Generator - a device used to create electrical energy. When operating, a generator will cause a flow of electrical charge.
Giardia Lamblia - A microorganism frequently found in rivers and lakes, which, if not treated properly, may cause diarrhea, fatigue, and cramps after ingestion.
Glauconite Sand - A mineral which is frequently used in depth filters.
Governor - a device that maintains a constant engine speed; a spring loaded device which is mounted under the canopy on the motor shaft designed to regulate rotational speed or momentum.
GPD - Gallons Per Day - a flow rate measurement
GPG - Grains Per Gallon - equivalent to 17.1 milligrams/liter of calcium carbonate.
GPH - Gallons Per Hour – a flow rate measurement
GPM - Gallons Per Minute - a flow rate measurement
Gratuitous Harmonics - Annoying and potentially harmful signals generated by variable frequency drives (VFD) that are transmitted into a dwellings electrical network. Modern VFD devices use improved power components to minimize this effect.
Gravity Feed Systems - these private systems use gravity as the means to move the water from one side of tank to the other or from the septic tank to the effluent tank and then to final dispersal.
Gray Water - Non-toilet household wastewater (sinks, showers, laundry, etc.) that is sometimes recycled especially for use in gardening or for flushing toilets.
Grinder Pump - a sewage pump designed to chop or cut solids, which are mixed with the water to become slurry.
Ground Water - The water that systems pump and treat from aquifers (natural reservoirs below the earth's surface).
Gutter Fitting (Gutter Drain) - A drainage fitting used in the overflow gutter.
H-O-A (Hand-Off-Auto) - A toggle switch which allows you to choose how you want the pump to run. Hand means you turn it on and off. Off means nothing will happen because the pump(s) are turned off. Auto means that the float switches are being used to turn the pump(s) on and off.
Handhold/Handrail - A permanently installed device that can be gripped by a bather for the purpose of resting and/or steadying him/herself. Is not limited to but may be located within or without the pool, spa or hot tub or as part of a set of steps or deck-installed equipment.
Hardness - The amount of calcium and magnesium in the water in grains per gallon, (expressed as calcium carbonate).
Head - short for "Feet Of Head", a term used to define water pressure in vertical feet. Or a term representing the energy content of a liquid, expressed as the height of an equivalent vertical column of water. a. This is expressed in feet of head. b. This can apply to both sides of a pump; the suction side and discharge side. c. It is also used to express the total losses in a pumping system (Total Dynamic Head). Used interchangeably with PSI (pounds per square inch). Head is a result of what happens when we start the pump and create a flow.
Health Advisory - An EPA document that provides guidance and information on contaminants that can affect human health and that may occur in drinking water, but which EPA does not currently regulate in drinking water.
Heavy Metals – Metallic elements with high atomic weights, such as mercury, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, and lead. Even at low levels these metals can damage living things. They do not break down or decompose and tend to build up in plants, animals, and people causing health concerns.
Hermetic - Completely sealed, especially against the escape or entry of air.
Hertz - One cycle of AC electric flow
Hi-Rate Permanent Media Filter - A swimming pool water filter capable of water flows of up to 20 GPM for 10 hours. Offer the best combination of economy, performance, durability, and ease of maintenance.
High Static Water Level - the ground water elevation without any influence from pumping.
Homogeneous Membranes - See membranes.
Horizontal Run - The horizontal distance between the point where fluid enters a pipe and the point at which it leaves.
Horsepower - 'One horsepower' is defined as the ability to move 33,000 pounds one foot in one minute (or to move 550 pounds one foot in one second). It is a measure of work performed.
Hose Connector - The fitting used to connect the hose to the wall or pump fitting (usually a combination hose sleeve and nut).
Hot Tub - A spa constructed of wood with sides and bottom formed separately; and the whole shapes to join together by pressure from the surrounding hoops, bands or rods; as distinct from spa units formed from plastic, concrete, metal or other materials.
Hydraulic Shock - A damaging condition that occurs when a column of liquid changes direction quickly and increases in velocity. Also called Water Hammer. Weakest point in system will break. Causes can be sudden loss of power to the driver, valve closing too quickly, valve closing too slowly allowing backflow.
Hydrogen Sulfide - A toxic gas that is detectable by a strong "rotten egg" odor. Associated with high levels of bacterial decay. Commonly found together with iron and manganese contaminants.
Hydrojets - A fitting that bleeds air and water creating a high velocity, turbulent stream of air enriched water.
Hydrologic Cycle - The term used to describe how water travels through the environment by evaporation, condensation and precipitation. Identical process is observed in steam distillation systems.
Hydrolysis - A chemical process resulting from reactions with water; frequently used in reference to the breakdown of polymers.
Hydrophilic - Pertaining to a substance, which readily absorbs water ("water-loving").
Hydrophobic - Pertaining to a substance, which does not readily absorb water ("water-hating").
Hydrotherapy Inlet Fitting - A special high velocity air entraining inlet fitting to produce a massage effect.
Hydrotherapy Spa or Hot Tub - A unit that may have a therapeutic use which is not drained, cleaned or refilled for each individual. It may include, but not be limited to, hydrojet circulation, hot water and cold water mineral baths, air induction bubbles or any combination thereof. Industry terminology for a spa includes, but is not limited to, “therapeutic pool,” “hydrotherapy pool,” “whirlpool,” “hot spa,” etc.
Hypochlorinator - A device used to feed, control and measure a solution of sodium or calcium hypochlorite into a water being treated. There are three general types: The positive displacement type which is usually a motor driven unit, the aspirator type actuated by a pressure differential created within the hydraulic system, and the metering type connected to the pump suction using an orifice which is opened and closed by a timing mechanism.
Hypochlorite, Calcium - A compound of chlorine and calcium used in powder or granulated form usually containing 70% to 80% available chlorine by weight which is released in water solution to act as a germicide or algaecide.
Hypochlorite, Sodium - A compound usually containing 5% to
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فرانک سوییس را به پلاتینی در سال ۲۰۱۱ داده است. پول ها به نظر به پلاتینی برای اجرای کار از ژانویه سال ۱۹۹۹ تا ژوئن سال ۲۰۰۲ پرداخت شده است. پلاتینی اعلام کرد که این پرداخت برای قرارداد و برطبق قانون بوده است.2 edition of educational development of children found in the catalog.
educational development of children
|Statement||William Glassey and Edward J. Weeks.|
|Contributions||Weeks, Edward J.|
that the book will be read not only by teachers in training and teachers already in the field, but also by psychologists who are interested in educational research. It is fitting to close by thanking the many people who made it possible for me to finish this book. My wife and children were gracious and understanding about my many. Receive book suggestions, reading tips, educational activities, and great deals. BOOK LISTS & RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AGES Kids' Health & Development Easy Recipes for Kids Family Life Guides FAMILY LIFE All Family Life Social & .
An ideal introduction to the pioneers of educational theory for anyone studying childcare, child development or education whether at further or higher education level. The first edition of this book has been a best-seller for almost a decade, identified as one of the top ten books for students of child development or early childhood care and education. The first studies on early childhood education appeared in the first half of the seventeenth century. Johann Amos Comenius is among the founders of the system as we know it today. In his book The Great Didactic () he introduced what is now considered one of the first descriptions of an educational system tailored for young children. In.
The California Children and Families Act of is designed to provide, on a community-by-community basis, all children, prenatal to five years of age, with comprehensive child development services. How Brains are Built: The Core Story of Brain Development. National Council for Special Education Children with Special Educational Needs 5 Foreword One of the many functions of the National Council for Special Education (NCSE) is to. provide information to parents/guardians of children with special educational needs. This is the second edition of an information booklet for parents/guardians and isFile Size: 1MB.
Jesus & His Towns
Tourists Guide Through London
Dizionario Italiano ed Inglese
Learning from the market
dictionary of law enforcement
Guide to the study of Tsetse-flies
Adult education in Canada
Moving on the North Pole
England for Dummies
Components and finishes
history of the English people
Educational Development Corporation is the United States trade publisher of a line of children’s books produced in the United Kingdom by Usborne Publishing Limited. The Home Business Division distributes these books through independent sales consultants who hold book showings in individual homes and through book fairs, fund raisers and direct.
Reviewer: Learning Magazine: Title: Complete Book of the Human Body (IL) ISBN: Review Date: August Review: With the right educational resources, you can turn a good lesson into a great one.
Teaching/Discipline is a positive resource for teachers. The book is divided into four parts. Part I is a question and answer schemata designed to help clarify central issues that have arisen from the authors' interactions with children and teachers in the by: The champion of Hinkler’s children’s educational book range is School Zone– Australia’s leader in home learning titles.
Every title in this series has been fully adapted to Australian school standards. The Hinkler School Zone eductional books for children range has been developed by skilled educators to help parents and carers support children’s learning.
As young children learn numbers, they start counting everything in sight: bananas in a bunch, blocks in their play towers, toes educational development of children book their feet.
The books in our list Books as Easy as 1, 2, 3 help toddlers learn numbers through beloved characters, fanciful settings, and familiar situations.
The purpose of the International Journal of Educational Development is to report new insight and foster critical debate about the role that education plays in s of development with which the journal is concerned include economic growth and poverty reduction; human development, well being, the availability of human rights; democracy, social cohesion and.
Development proceeds toward greater complexity, self-regulation, and symbolic or representational capacities. Children develop best when they have secure relationships. Development and learning occur in and are influenced by multiple social and cultural contexts.
Children learn in a variety of ways. Play is an important vehicle for developing. : Baby's First Soft Cloth Nontoxic Fabric Book Set Early Educational Development Toys for Toddlers, Infants, Children Intellectual Kindergarten, Preschool Learning Activity Perfect for Boys and Girls: Baby/5(90).
Several descriptions of the stages of development that occur when children begin to read have been proposed. One of the most famous was put forward by Uta Frith in Uta Frith’s stage theory and others like it have provided a very useful description of.
Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human study of learning processes, from both cognitive and behavioral perspectives, allows researchers to understand individual differences in intelligence, cognitive development, affect, motivation, self-regulation, and self-concept, as well as their role in learning.
Books shelved as professional-development: The Book Whisperer: Awakening the Inner Reader in Every Child by Donalyn Miller, Lean In: Women, Work, and the. Interventions to Improve Children's Development and Educational Outcomes.
Over the past four decades, there has been convincing evidence that improving school readiness and children's development reduces poverty‐related disparities. 8 In keeping with the models presented above that link poverty with child development, our discussion focuses.
Additional Physical Format: Online version: Glassey, William. Educational development of children. London, University of London Press (OCoLC) Read the latest articles of International Journal of Educational Development atElsevier’s leading platform of peer-reviewed scholarly literature.
Founded inOrca Book Publishers is an independently owned Canadian children's book publisher. With over titles in print and more than 65 new titles a year, Orca publishes award-winning, best-selling books in a number of genres, including ba.
The educational development of children: the teacher's guide to the keeping of school records. New skills and knowledge can spark a lifetime of change. SinceEducation Development Center (EDC), has designed and delivered programs in education, health, and economic opportunity that provide life-changing opportunities to.
study of SES and children educational development. Consequently, the objectives of this study are made to order for the study of how socio-economic status of family affects children’s educational development Schaefer, ; Stark, ; Ololube, ).
and management, with the view to ascertain the degree to which SES factors. Child Development and Education is the only comprehensive child development book written specifically for educators.
The authors focus on concepts and principles that are important to developmental theorists as well as to educational practitioners. The topics were carefully selected to reflect issues that affect school-age children (K) and their learning.
The book – aimed primarily at children aged years old – is a project of the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Reference Group on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in.
BC campus provides the textbook "Complexities, Capacities, Communities: Changing Development Narratives in Early Childhood Education, Care and Development." Human Development Life Span The student will outline stages of development, contrast study approaches, and understand different research methods.
Impact of Screen Media on Cognitive Development of Preschool-aged and Older Children. By ∼ years of age, children are able to comprehend and learn from age-appropriate, child-directed television programs, although comprehension of more complex television programming continues to increase at least up to ∼12 years of age.
15 Once comprehension Cited by: parents in the development and educational performance of their children. Parental reading to children increases the child’s reading and other cognitive skills at least up to the age of 10– This is an early-life intervention that seems to be beneficial for the rest of their lives.
The results indicate a direct causal effect from reading.Derideğiştiren
Başka bir canlının zihnine girip onu kontrol edebilen canlıya varg veya derideğiştiren denir. Eğer canlı ile arsında özel bir bağ varsa bunu yapmak daha kolaydır. Derideğiştirene veya canlıya olan her türlü etki, iki canlıyı da etkiler. İnsanların zihnine girmek mümkün olsa da şu ana kadar sadece bir kez yapılmıştır. Bran Stark, yarımakıllı Walder(Hodor)'un zihnine girmiştir. Eğitilmemiş bir varg, uyurken kazara bir hayvanın zihnine girebilir. Bu özellikle arada bir bağ varsa gerçekleşir. Eğer bir hayvan, varg tarafından kontrol edilirken öldürülürse, bu ağır bir travmaya yol açar. Eğer bir varg hayvan ile etkileşimdeyken öldürülürse veya ölürse, bir parçası hayvanın içinde yaşamaya devam eder. Efsanelere göre en yüce Varglar, Yeşilgörenler'di ve her türlü yaratıkla etkileşime girebiliyorlardı. Her bin kişiden biri varg, her bin vargdan sadece biri Yeşilgören oluyordu.
Derideğiştirme
Haggon'a göre yaratıkların doğası
- Köpekler ile bağ kurmak kolaydır. Bu yüzden kolaylıkla etkileşime girilebilir.
- Kurtlar daha zordur. Ancak bir kez etkileşirse daha sonra asla unutulmaz. Derideğiştirme sırasında başka bir kurtla arkadaş olabilir. Ancak onu evcilleştiremez.
- Kuşlar çok caziptir. Etkileşimden bir süre sonra dünyevi olayları unutup sadece uçmak istenebilir.
- Kediler vahşidir ve kolayca kontrol edilemezler. Zorlamayla etkileşime girilebilir.
- Elkler ve geyikler daha da zordur. En cesur adamlar bile korkabilir.
Haggon tarafından yasaklanılmış davranışlar:
- İnsan eti yemek.
- Bir kurt iken başka bir kurt ile çiftleşmek.
- Başka bir insan ile etkileşmek en iğrenç davranış olarak kabul edilir.
İkinci Hayat
Bir Varg başka bir vücuttayken birçok ölüm yaşayabilir. Ama eğer insan vücudu ölürse, gerçek ölüm gelmiş olur ve ruhu kontrol ettiği canlıda yaşamaya devam eder. Bu böyle yıllarca devam edebilir, ta ki hatıraları tamamen silinene ve yaratığın kendisi olana kadar.
Bilinen Deri Değiştirenler
Sur'un Güneyindekiler:
- Bran Stark, ulukurdu Yaz’ı kontrol edebilmektedir. Derideğiştirme yeteneğine sahi olan Starklar’ın en yeteneklisidir. Hodor’un içine girmeyi başarmıştır. Sur'un Ötesi'nde Üç Gözlü Karga ve kalan son Ormanın Çocukları’ndan eğitim almaktadır.
- Jon Snow, ulukurdu Hayalet’in gözlerinden görebilmektedir.
- Arya Stark, ulukurdu Nymeria’nın gözlerinden görebilmektedir. Ayrıca Braavos’ta bir kedinin derisine girmiştir.
- Orell, kontrol ettiği kartal aracılığıyla keşif yapar.
- Varamyr Altıderi, söylentilere göre Sur'un Ötesi’nde yaşayanların gördüğü en yüce derideğiştiren. Üç kurt, bir kar ayısı ve bir gölge kedisini kontrol edebilir. Orell öldükten sonra onun kartalını da himayesine almıştır. Kara Kale Savaşı sırasında içinde olduğu kartal Melisandre tarafından yakılınca, delirmiştir.
- Haggon, Varamyr’in hocasıdır.
- Borroq, bir domuzu kontrol etmektedir.
- Briar, bir gölge kedisini kontrol etmektedir.
- Grisella, bir keçiyi kontrol edebilen yabanıl bir kadındır.
Diğer DerideğiştirenlerThe Antenna Foundation undertakes to reduce energy poverty by offering innovative and affordable renewable energy solutions to families that have no access to electricity in the poorest regions.
For a better quality of life
The limited access to reliable energy services hinders development in many countries, especially in Africa and South-East Asia. Families that do not have access to the electricity network or who suffer constant power cuts generally have to use kerosene lamps to help them in their daily tasks.
These lamps however, are inefficient, and their toxic fumes are a risk to the families’ health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 4.3 million people die prematurely each year due to domestic air pollution. It is therefore crucial to replace kerosene lamps with safe energy devices, in order to promote a better quality of life and avoid the poverty trap in developing countries.
Access to energy: a global challenge
Amongst the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), many are related to domestic energy issues. With our partners’ help, our aim is to reach the SDG by the year 2030.
Local actions for global goals
Through our partnerships with international as well as local public and private organisations, we gain a better understanding of the issues related to energy poverty, which allows us to tailor our solutions with a view to increasing their potential impact.
At the moment, solar energy is one of the best ways to produce electricity in a sustainably. Photovoltaic cells, LED lights and energy storage are technical innovations that have evolved significantly in the last few years. The Antenna Foundation invests in these technologies to improve the daily lives of hundreds of millions of households.
Because of their optimal sunshine levels, countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia have a unique potential to generate electricity from solar energy. On the other hand, portable and autonomous solar solutions enable the decentralisation of electricity production and allow electricity to be transported to the most remote areas.判断额头宽窄的方法很简单，以眼形长度为单位，把人脸的宽度分成五个等分，从左侧发际至右侧发际，为五只眼形，两只眼睛之间有一只眼睛的间距，两眼外侧至侧发际各为一只眼睛的间距，这五个部分各占比例的1/5，根据这个的比例就可以看出来额头的宽窄。
人的脸是有比例的，是三庭五眼，三庭指脸的长度比例，把脸的长度分为三个等分，从前额发际线至眉骨，从眉骨至鼻底，从鼻底至下颏，各占脸长的1/3。而五眼指脸的宽度比例，以眼形长度为单位，把脸的宽度分成五个等分，从左侧发际至右侧发际，为五只眼形。
对于额头窄的人来说，中分或八字刘海对付较窄的发际线最给力了，中分的刘海让脸型看起来更有立体感，自然下垂的刘海遮盖住较窄的发际线，让看起来更柔和自然。八字刘海，轻薄透气，既有遮盖效果又有修饰效果，让脸型看起来更清秀。
对于额头宽的人来说，空气刘海能够遮住部分额头，而且空气刘海的长度是从中间往两边递增，不只能修饰宽额头，还能降低发际线，同时也能修饰颧骨，一举多得，颜值高！
齐刘海虽然比较挑脸型，但是对于额头宽、发际线高的人来说却是最佳发型救星！因为齐刘海可以将额头、发际线遮得很完全，如果不喜欢刘海看起来太僵硬的人，可以换成一样有修饰效果，蓬松度比较高的氧气刘海。
文章版权归属一飞美甲，发布者：一飞美甲何方，转转请注明出处：https://www.yifeimeiye.com/34940Editörün Seçimi
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Sağlıklı bir insan kalbinde dört kalp kapakçığı vardır. Valfler, kanın verimli ve sorunsuz bir şekilde ve doğru yönde hareket etmesini sağlayarak kalpte uygun kan akışını sürdürmeye yardımcı olur. Kapakçıklara ek olarak, dört kalp odası vardır - üst odalara sol ve sağ kulakçıklar, alt odalar sol ve sağ ventrikül olarak adlandırılır.SDI Productions / Getty Images
Sağlıklı bir kalp kapakçığı, kalbin kanı bir sonraki hedefine pompalama zamanı gelene kadar kanın kalp haznesinden dışarı akmasını durdurur. Valfler, kalbin kanı etkili bir şekilde pompalamasını sağlayan hassas zamanlama ile açılıp kapanır.
Valfler hastalanarak ya geriye doğru kan sızmasına (yetersizlik ya da yetersizlik olarak bilinir) ya da daralarak (stenotik) yeterli kan akışını engelleyerek hastalanabilir. Bu koşullardan herhangi biri kalbe ciddi şekilde zarar verebilir ve bu sorunları gidermek için ameliyat gerekebilir.
Triküspit kapak, kanın kalpte aktığı ilk kapakçıktır. İki atriyoventriküler kapaktan biridir, yani atriyum ile ventrikül arasında, bu durumda kalbin sağ tarafında yer alır. Kan akışını durdurmak ve başlatmak için birlikte çalışan üç kanattan veya broşürden yapılmıştır.
Broşürler, yaprakçıkların hareketini güçlendiren papiller kaslar adı verilen küçük kaslara tutturulur. Triküspit kapak, atriyum kasıldığında açılır ve kanın ventriküle akmasına izin verir.
Mitral kapak gibi triküspit kapak, tıbbi müdahaleyi gerekli kılan durumlar olan kapak prolapsusu ve yetersizliğinin ortak bölgelerinden biridir.
Pulmonik kapak, kalbin ikinci kapağıdır. Aort kapağı gibi, şekli nedeniyle yarım ay kapakçık olarak da adlandırılır. Sağ ventrikül ile kanı akciğerlere götüren pulmoner arter arasında yer alır. Sağ ventrikül kasıldığında, pulmonik kapak açılarak kanın akciğerlere akmasına izin verir.
Mitral kapak, kalbin üçüncü kapağıdır. Triküspit kapak gibi, bir atriyoventriküler kapakçıktır, yani sol atriyum ile sol ventrikül arasında yer alır. Oksijenli kan, atriyum kasıldığında mitral kapaktan geçerek kanın üst bölmeden alt ventriküle akmasına izin verir.
Mitral kapak, kanın ventriküle çok erken akmasını önleyen iki yaprakçık veya kanattan oluşur. Atriyum kasıldığında, mitral kapak açılır ve kanın ventriküle girmesine izin verir.
Mitral kapak, tıpkı triküspit kapak gibi, tıbbi müdahale gerektirebilecek durumlar olan kapak prolapsusu ve yetersizliğinin yaygın bir bölgesidir.
Aort kapağı, sol ventrikül ve aort arasında uzanan dördüncü ve son kalp kapakçığıdır. Kapak
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The modulus of rupture was correlated with the specific area, plastic index, and cation-exchange capacity of the soils. With the exception of compressibility, the cation-exchange capacity appeared to be the value most closely correlated with the properties of the soils studied. Since the cationexchange capacity is frequently reported in nonphysical studies of the soil, a significant piece of information of physical property is available which should not be over-looked.Please view the pdf by using the Full Text (PDF) link under 'View' to the left.
Copyright © .Köyde gece vakti.
Dışarda fırtına ve sağanak var.
Uzakta köpek sesleri.
Ve bacalarda yanık odun kokusu.
Fırtına yaman.
Kozalaklar bir bir düşüyor çamlardan..
Dallar eğilip, bükülüyor.
Yağmur bir azalıp, bir artıyor.
Gökova tarafında şimşekler çakıyor.
Zeus çıldırmış olmalı.
Poseidon da öyle.
Her şimşek köyü aydınlatıyor.
İnsan aydınlıkta fırtınanın gücünü daha iyi anlıyor.
Daha bir kaç ay öncesi geceleri yıldız yorgandı gökyüzü.
Şimdi karabulutlar sardı.
Kalın siyah bir battaniye gibi.
Artık kapkara gökyüzü.
Doğayı izliyorum balkondan.
Köy yeri dev bir sahne .
Ve sahnede Doğa'dan Sesler Korosu.
Bana özel resital bu.
Üstelik en ön sıradayım.
Karanlıkta notaların dansı var.
Şimşekler davul.
Fırtına bazen kontrbas, bazen keman.
Şiddeti hafiflerse pan flüt.
Ağaç dalları gitar.
Yapraklar bağlama.
Yağmur ve toprak düet yapıyor.
Dalgalar serenat.
Köpekler vokal.
Bu mevsimde gecenin bu saatleri müthiş.
Muhteşem bir konser.
Kaçırmayın derim.Competition and Broadband in the EU
In Europe there is a healthy competitive market for the telecommunication services, including broadband services, to end users. What is the basis for this competition? The fundamental attributes are explored briefly below. Could they be transferred to the western side of the Atlantic? There seems to be no reason why not!
Economists and lawyers generally agree, to the extent that they agree upon anything, that healthy competition is a “good thing.” Competition drives down prices and encourages innovation while its opposite state, a monopoly creates an environment where innovation is limited and there is no market pressure driving down prices. In essence, an open, competitive market provides a higher degree of public good than a monopolistic, closed market focused on exploiting its market dominance to maintain high prices or restrict investment.
Economists and lawyers often refer to “natural monopolies,” as those that result from a set of circumstances where only one supplier is likely to enter the marketplace. It is argued that these conditions are present in the telecommunications access market. For example, when the final section of a wired (fixed line or last mile) service closest to a house or business premises is dedicated to the individual customer, and most customers only have the opportunity to purchase service from a select provider, there is very limited opportunity for a second provider to invest profitably in a duplicate access network. This is equally true in the broadband and mobile/wireless contexts and on both side of the Atlantic ocean.
Typically the incumbent, or first operator, will have created a largely universal copper network, and indeed has sometimes had an obligation to do so. In comparison, a new market entrant in its start-up phase would typically not be able to afford to re-create such a network in its entirety and will need the capability to link to the other network to provide the services they are marketing to potential customers. Typically, the service package includes the customer’s ability for their customer’s calls to connect with their competitor’s customers. However, if a new entrant’s network is unable to deliver calls made by its customers to people or organizations that procure services from another provider the new entrant will fail. In contrast, the profit maximising position for a monopoly network operator would be to refuse to deliver calls that originate from another network, or charge extortionate amounts to do so.
If market entry is to be encouraged, some form of regulation is required to force provider interconnection and control its prices.
In Europe, these twin concepts of the benefits of competition and the natural monopoly of the access market have long been recognized as appropriate solutions to sustainable competition and new market entry. Two recent public consultations on the regulatory regime have focussed on how to increase effective operation without any perceived need to discuss if the fundamentals require changing.
The European regulation that supports this service level competition is based on European competition law. The key difference is, however, that the regulation restricts behaviours in advance, ex-ante rather than ex-post, to prevent potential exploitation by operators of monopoly or quasi monopoly positions. As noted above, exploitative monopolistic behaviours may take the form of excessive pricing or market foreclosure, and the rules operate to counter both.
In brief, the system is as follows:
- The regulator has an obligation to review the telecommunication markets every few years and assess if any operator has significant market power (SMP), broadly equivalent to 40% market share, that would enable it to act anti-competitively,
- If an operator is found to have SMP, it can be required to offer wholesale services to other operators that enable them to compete on the retail market,
- These wholesale services should typically be offered on a non discriminatory basis to all other operators, and the retail arm of the operator with SMP should consume those same services when delivering services to its end customers, and
- The prices for the wholesale services should be cost orientated, and there should be sufficient margin between the wholesale and retail prices to cover the costs of retailing.
Over time the number of SMP markets has tended to fall, as competition has developed and entrants have built their own networks. A market entrant will initially invest in a core network, and as its customer base grows, it builds its network out towards the edge of the network, concentrating on the areas of highest customer density and value as this is where the opportunities are greatest . Former TV Cable operators may compete with the ex-incumbent in urban areas but SMP may remain with one, or both operators. The degree of competition in the access network remains limited outside city centres.
This European regulatory standards body is not without its critics, and its implementation, which varies somewhat country by country, could be improved but there is no doubt that the new regulatory standards have created an explosion of service level competition. Not only have consumers and businesses seen significant benefit, but also significant price reductions have been seen in the retail fixed and mobile markets.. Broadband services have got faster without price increases. In the European Union there are over 250 million internet users, with 95% of the population having fixed broadband access available to them, and virtually every European owns a mobile phone .
The regime has not restricted investment in infrastructure, as the roll out of fibre networks into high-density areas demonstrates. A proposal from Germany to exclude fibre networks from the rules was firmly rejected by the European Court of Justice in 2009.
The target for basic broadband for the 100% of the European Community by 2013 and 30mbits by 2020 is being made within this framework, and any development that uses pubic funds for network development is captured.
What would North America look like if this model were adopted? There is interconnection and the FCC requires some services to be offered on a wholesale level, but the whole process is shrouded in complexity. A general obligation for local access providers to provide wholesale services and to consume them themselves in a transparent and non-discriminatory manner might be just the catalyst the market needs!
How easy would a move to this model be? Well, that depends on the hearts and minds of those involved. The European model does not prevent operators being successful or prevent those who are inefficient from failing. The most successful are those that understand the logic of the competitive model and embrace it, whether as incumbent or entrant. Perhaps now is the time that this approach should be considered?
Leave a Reply1 Assegno Mantenimento Approfondimenti e spiegazioni utili sull assegno di mantenimento: cos è, quando è possibile richiederlo, a chi spetta, come viene quantificato e rivalutato e tanto altro. Assegno di Mantenimento: Definizione L'articolo 143 del Codice Civile contiene le norme inerenti i "Diritti e doveri reciproci dei coniugi". Il comma 3 afferma che "Entrambi i coniugi sono tenuti, ciascuno in relazione alle proprie sostanze e alla propria capacità di lavoro professionale o casalingo, a contribuire ai bisogni della famiglia". Sia il marito che la moglie devono quindi contribuire ai bisogni della famiglia. Ma questo dovere di contribuzione come viene rispettato durante la separazione dei coniugi? Nell'articolo 156 del Codice Civile (Effetti della separazione sui rapporti patrimoniali tra i coniugi), al comma 1, viene stabilito che "il giudice, pronunziando la separazione, stabilisce a vantaggio del coniuge cui non sia addebitabile la separazione il diritto di ricevere dall'altro coniuge quanto è necessario al suo mantenimento, qualora egli non abbia adeguati redditi propri". La separazione ha delle forti conseguenze sul regime patrimoniale della famiglia in quanto determina la cessazione del vincolo coniugale. Però l'obbligo di assistenza materiale non si estingue e non si sospende neppure durante la causa di separazione. Anzi, si concretizza tramite la corresponsione di un assegno di mantenimento. Quindi il Giudice, nella sentenza di separazione giudiziale, stabilisce a quale dei due coniugi sia addebitabile la separazione e concede quindi all'altro coniuge il diritto di ricevere un assegno di mantenimento, qualora non abbia adeguati redditi propri. La Nozione di Mantenimento Il concetto di "mantenimento" indica l'assenza di redditi sufficienti a garantire al coniuge (marito o moglie) il tenore di vita di cui godeva durante il matrimonio.
2 Il "mantenimento" non va quindi confuso con la nozione di "alimenti". In Quali Casi si Può Ottenere l'assegno di Mantenimento? In Italia esistono alcune condizioni che devono verificarsi per poter ottenere l'assegno di mantenimento: il coniuge beneficiario deve aver fatto espressamente richiesta di ottenimento dell'assegno al coniuge che riceve l'assegno non deve essere stata addebitata la separazione il coniuge per beneficiare dell'assegno non deve avere "adeguati redditi propri" il coniuge a cui è stata addebitata la separazione deve disporre di mezzi idonei per poter fronteggiare il pagamento dell'assegno L'assegno da corrispondere è periodico e può consistere un una somma di denaro unica oppure in più voci di spesa esempio per il canone di affitto dell'abitazione coniugale, per gli oneri condominiali, ecc.). Differenza tra Assegno di Mantenimento del Coniuge e della Prole Entrambi i coniugi hanno l'obbligo di contribuire al mantenimento, all'educazione e all'istruzione della prole, anche in seguito alla separazione. Quindi entrambi i coniugi, dopo la separazione, devono provvedere a versare un assegno di mantenimento a favore dei figli, in misura proporzionale al proprio reddito. L'assegno di mantenimento del coniuge, invece, è a carico del coniuge a cui è stata addebitata la separazione. Assegno di Mantenimento Moglie e Coniuge Durante la vita matrimoniale, l obbligo di contribuzione ai bisogni della famiglia, seppur disciplinato rigorosamente dal legislatore, appare un elemento naturale. Con il sopraggiungere della crisi coniugale e la conseguente intollerabilità della convivenza, questo obbligo di mantenimento, unitamente all affidamento dei figli minori, costituisce la principale causa di controversia in sede di separazione.
3 Così come disciplinato dall articolo 156 del Codice Civile, il giudice stabilisce che il coniuge al quale non è addebitabile la separazione, nel caso in cui questi non abbia un adeguato reddito, ha diritto a ricevere un assegno di mantenimento da parte dell altro coniuge. Assegno Mantenimento Moglie o Coniuge: Quando è Dovuto? I presupposti per l ottenimento dell assegno di mantenimento sono: la non addebitabilità della separazione al coniuge (moglie o marito) che richiede l assegno; la mancanza, per il beneficiario, di propri adeguati redditi e mezzi di sostentamento; una disparità economica tra i coniugi. Calcolo Assegno di Mantenimento Il giudice, al fine di determinare un corretto importo dell assegno di mantenimento per il coniuge, dovrà tener conto non solo dei redditi derivanti dall attività lavorativa del richiedente, ma anche delle proprietà immobiliari, della disponibilità della casa coniugale, di eventuali investimenti e cespiti. Altro elemento importante per la quantificazione dell assegno è l attitudine a lavorare da parte del coniuge richiedente. Il giudice, infatti, valuterà se costui sia nella concreta possibilità di svolgere una attività lavorativa retribuita, considerando diversi fattori, quali l età, l esperienza lavorativa, la situazione di salute, il tempo intercorso dall ultima prestazione di lavoro e, alla luce di tali valutazioni, potrà disporre una diminuzione dell assegno. Dovrà, altresì, essere accertato il tenore di vita dei coniugi, goduto nel corso del matrimonio, e verificare se i mezzi economici a disposizione del coniuge richiedente gli consentano di conservare detto tenore, indipendentemente dalla percezione o meno dell assegno di mantenimento. In caso tale accertamento dia esito negativo, sarà compito del giudice riequilibrare l effettiva capacità economica dei coniugi, decidendo il quantum più idoneo a stabilizzare, per quanto possibile, la situazione di disparità. Revisione Assegno di Mantenimento Sia l avente diritto che l obbligato, possono sempre richiedere la revisione dell assegno di mantenimento, purché dimostrino un comprovato mutamento obiettivo della situazione di fatto accertata al momento della pronuncia del provvedimento.
4 Mutamenti si possono avere, allorquando, dopo la pronuncia del provvedimento, vi sia un notevole incremento dei redditi di uno dei coniugi, o un deterioramento della situazione economica, a causa ad esempio della perdita di lavoro, del fallimento della società amministrata. Altre ipotesi sono l instaurazione di una convivenza more uxorio da parte del coniuge beneficiario o la costituzione di un nuovo nucleo familiare, che comporti il mantenimento di figli nati dalla nuova unione, da parte del coniuge obbligato. L assegno di mantenimento a favore del coniuge, è rivalutato annualmente secondo gli indici Istat. Assegno di Mantenimento Figli L articolo 155 IV comma del Codice Civile dispone che ciascuno dei genitori è obbligato a provvedere al mantenimento dei figli, in misura proporzionale al proprio reddito. Nella causa di separazione tra i coniugi, il giudice dispone l obbligo di corresponsione di un assegno di mantenimento, tenendo in considerazione i seguenti fattori: le attuali esigenze del figlio; il tenore di vita goduto dal minore in costanza di convivenza con entrambi i genitori; la permanenza presso ciascun genitore; le risorse economiche di ciascun genitore; la valenza economica dei compiti domestici e di cura assunti da ciascun genitore. Con l avvento della Legge 8 Febbraio 2006 n. 54, che ha introdotto l affidamento condiviso dei figli ad entrambi i genitori, non viene meno l obbligo patrimoniale di uno dei genitori di contribuire, attraverso la corresponsione di un assegno, al mantenimento dei figli, tenendo conto delle loro esigenze di vita, del contesto familiare e sociale di appartenenza. Il giudice, ai fini della determinazione dell assegno di mantenimento, dovrà valutare la capacità economica di ciascun genitore, considerando la complessiva consistenza del patrimonio di ciascuno di loro. Il diritto a percepire l assegno di mantenimento, può essere modificato o estinguersi solo mediante la procedura di cui all articolo 710 C.P.C. e non cessa ipso facto quando il figlio diventa maggiorenne o raggiunge l autosufficienza economica. Pertanto, il genitore obbligato dovrà sempre richiedere l intervento del Tribunale.
5 Ciò premesso, proprio il conseguimento della maggiore età unitamente al fatto che il figlio sia economicamente indipendente e autosufficiente, sono i presupposti per richiedere la cessazione dell obbligo di corresponsione dell assegno di mantenimento da parte del genitore obbligato. Così come disposto dall articolo 155 quinquies del Codice Civile, nel giudizio di separazione, il giudice può altresì disporre un assegno di mantenimento anche a favore dei figli maggiorenni, purché essi non siano economicamente indipendenti. Tale assegno, salva diversa disposizione, è versato direttamente all avente diritto. L assegno di mantenimento è rivalutato annualmente secondo gli indici Istat. Il Mantenimento nella Separazione Il mantenimento nella separazione è un concetto che può essere riferito sia al mantenimento del coniuge che al mantenimento dei figli in seguito alla separazione. Per quanto riguarda il mantenimento del coniuge, nel caso di separazione con addebito, il coniuge a cui è stata addebita la separazione deve versare all altro un assegno di mantenimento nel caso in cui questi non abbia mezzi propri che gli consentano di mantenere lo stesso tenore di vita del matrimonio. Per quanto riguarda invece il mantenimento dei figli, spetta a entrambi i coniugi provvedere al loro mantenimento, in proporzione alle proprie necessità. La Natura Giuridica dell Obbligo al Mantenimento del Coniuge nella Separazione In seguito alla Riforma del Diritto di Famiglia (Legge n. 151 del 19 maggio 1975), nell interpretazione della dottrina ci si è interrogati sull esistenza o meno di una soluzione di continuità tra il dovere di contribuzione in costanza di convivenza tra i coniugi (vedi articolo 143 C.C., comma 3 entrambi i coniugi sono tenuti, ciascuno in relazione alle proprie sostanze e alla propria capacità di lavoro professionale o casalingo, a contribuire ai bisogni della famiglia ) e il mantenimento del coniuge in seguito alla separazione (vedi
6 articolo 156 C.C., comma 1 Il giudice,
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-21 21:38
不过，我的朋友，我真正的财富并不是基督山阴森的岩洞里等着我的珍宝，而是您，是我们每天躲开狱卒一起度过的五六个小时，是您输入我脑际的智慧之光，是植根于我记忆中的多种语言—它们已经长出了饱含哲理的分枝。您凭着对科学知识的深刻理解，使分门别类的科学变得条理清晰，明白易懂，教我掌握了它们。这些才是我的财富，朋友，是您使我变得富有而幸福。请相信我，即使那些堆成山的金币，装满箱的钻石确实就在那儿，并不是清晨漂浮在海面，看似坚实的土地，一旦靠近就蒸发，升腾，消失地无影无踪的雾团，它们也比不上您已经给我的财富来得珍贵。长时间地待在您身边，倾听您雄辩的声音充实我的头脑，锤炼我的灵魂，使我的身心获得自由后足以经受巨大而可怕的灾难，把我从自暴自弃的边缘拉回来，让我不再伤心绝望，这就是我的财富，真正属于自己的财富。这些财富不是虚幻的，它们是我实实在在从您那得到的东西，世上的任何人，即使凯撒博吉尔家族，都别想从我这儿夺走它。
2019-05-19 23:02
说不定一事无成，我的过剩的脑力也许会化为乌有。要开发深藏在人类智慧里的神秘宝藏，就需要遭遇不幸;要想引爆炸药，就需要压力。囚禁生活把我分散飘忽的官能都凝聚在了一个焦点上，让它们在一个狭窄的空间相互撞击。你是知道的，乌云相撞生成电，电生成火花，火花生成光。
每个人，从社会阶梯最底层的平民百姓，到最高层的王公贵胄，周围都会形成一个纷纷扰扰的小天地，一张利害攸关的关系网，就跟我们周围的世界没什么两样。这个关系网随着当事人地位的升迁而愈来愈大。它好比一只陀螺，全凭惯性的平衡作用，支撑在一个尖顶上。
2019-05-19 22:30
两个人关在一起，那就是半囚禁了。两个人一起诉苦，就近于祷告，两个人一起祷告，就近于谢恩了。
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feed: rss 2.0Bu sorun genellikle nedeniyle ayak bakımı eksikliği oluşur. Ayrıca, kendi görünüm nedeni dar, rahatsız ayakkabılar giyiyor, düz, omurganın bazı hastalıkları kilolu olabilir.
Eğer mısır var gördüğünüzde, nedenini belirlemek ve ciddi hastalıkların varlığını ortadan kaldırmak için bir dermatolog ziyaret edin. Ayrıca, doktorunuz doğru tedavi reçete edecektir. Özel kontrendikasyonlar yoksa, doktor, geleneksel ilaçları kullanmak önerebilir.
Merhem hazırlayın. Sirke bir çorba kaşığı, bitkisel bir yağ ve bir yumurta aynı miktarda al. Bütün terkip maddeleri iyice karıştırılır, 8 saat süre ile buzdolabında bir kap ve mağaza ekleyin. Ilık suda yatak rasparte ayakları gitmeden önce, onları kurutun. Plastik film ile kaplayın ve çorap koymak, etkilenen bölgeye merhem sürün. Sabah ılık su ile durulayın kompozisyon. Herhangi bir durumda, bir ponza taşı kullanmak ya da deri kazıma yoktur. Bir hafta sonra, tümörler kaybolur.
Kaldırır ölü deri böyle bir çare yardımcı olacaktır. 5 litre su ise, ambalaj defne yaprağı ve kaynatın yerleştirin. Suyu olarak, terebentin 50 ml sirke 100 ml tuz 500 gram ilave dikkatlice her karıştırın. 30 dakika için soğutulmuş parte ayak küçük bir kısmında. Aynı çözelti bir hafta için uygundur. Kullanımdan önce, ısıtılmalıdır. 30 günlük tedavi.
Peki propolis sıkıştırmak yardımcı olur. Propolis küçük bir parça ön ısıtma ve etkilenen bölgeye uygulanır. Bandaj Güvenli ve bir gece bekletin. Bu bacaklar otlar infüzyon buğulama önce. Bunu yapmak için, eşit oranlarda çim celandine, papatya çiçekleri, dulavratotu ve ısırgan yaprakları alır. Gathering otlar kaynar su ve bir saat bekletin dökmek. Süzün ve suyla bir kabın içine suyu dökün.葡萄柚的名字中为什么有“葡萄”？
据说葡萄柚缓解各种疲劳，是集预防病与美容作用于一身的水果，营养价值高。那能缓解疲劳的葡萄柚属于葡萄吗？“葡萄柚”为什么在名字里有“葡萄”？下面就来解开这些问题。
葡萄柚的名字中有“葡萄”，所以它是不是属于葡萄一类呢？答案是NO。葡萄柚苗种植基地小编介绍在百科词典上查过，葡萄柚显然是柑橘类、是属于桔子一类的。
那么说起为什么要加上“葡萄”？据说是因为一根枝丫上结的果实像葡萄一样一串串的。还有另一说，因为它的果实的香味和葡萄相似。
在日本国内出售的葡萄柚基本是进口的，弗罗里达、加利福尼亚等美国产的和南非产的为主。11月到第二年5月是弗罗里达产的，而6月到10月多是南非产的，整一年都能吃到葡萄柚。
根据种类大致来分的话是两种。根据果肉的颜色不同，分为马叙种类和红宝石种类。
葡萄柚含有丰富的维生素以及可溶性纤维素等，营养丰富，其果肉柔嫩，多汁爽口，略有香气，在美国是销量第二大的水果。
栽种葡萄柚苗的农户，要记得把结果枝进行绑枝固定，这样可以对树体整体结构进行调整、改善树体的光照条件、缓和树体的长势、对结果枝的重量进行分担，使今年葡萄柚转色均匀，保证果品品相。ROMA – E’ lunghissima la lista degli incidenti aerei che hanno coinvolto negli ultimi 20 anni le compagnie aeree indonesiane. L’ultima tragedia, prima di quella di domenica sull’isola di Papua, è di neanche due mesi fa, quando un Hercules C-130 militare con a bordo 113 soldati e loro familiari si schiantò sulle abitazioni della metropoli di Medan, a Sumatra. Era il 30 giugno e il numero complessivo delle vittime non è mai stato reso noto.
Altro disastro il 28 dicembre 2014: un aereo della AirAsia precipitò nel mare di Giava con 162 persone a bordo. Non vi furono superstiti, solo 70 corpi furono recuperati. Non c’era stato nessun sopravvissuto (50 le vittime) neanche il 10 maggio 2012 quando, a schiantarsi contro il vulcano Salak a sud di Giakarta durante un volo dimostrativo, era stato un aereo russo Sukhoi Superjet 100.
Il settore dell’aeronautica indonesiana è uno dei più pericolosi al mondo: i molti incidenti e il mancato rispetto di norme di sicurezza hanno spinto l’Unione Europea a permettere di volare nei propri cieli solo a cinque delle 67 compagnie aeree dell’Indonesia.
E negli Usa è considerata di ‘categoria 2’, come il Ghana e il Bangladesh. Dalla fine degli anni Novanta l’espansione dell’industria aerea indonesiana è stata dirompente, conseguenza sia della maggiore disponibilità economica della classe media sia del fatto che l’aereo costituisce ormai la migliore opzione per collegare le 17.500 isole del Paese (circa 6.000 quelle abitate).
Ma il boom ha avuto alti costi in termini di sicurezza: gli addetti ai lavori sottolineano da anni che alla crescita del settore non ha corrisposto un adeguato aumento di esperti, “risorse umane” in grado di garantire la sicurezza. Un deciso allarme era stato lanciato nel 2007 da un responsabile governativo dopo la scomparsa di un volo commerciale.
In quello stesso anno un Boeing 737 era caduto in mare tra Giava e Sulawesi (102 morti), nel settembre 2005 un altro Boeing 737-200 si era schiantato a Sumatra su un quartiere densamente popolato di Medan (oltre 120 morti). Da ricordare anche, il 30 novembre 2004, un MD-82 della Lion Air con 153 a bordo fuori pista per la pioggia a Solo (Giava centrale), 31 morti e decine di feriti.
E ancora, il 19 dicembre 1997, lo schianto di un Boeing 737-300 della SilkAir di Singapore vicino alla città di Palembang, a Sumatra, 104 morti. Il più grave incidente aereo della storia dell’Indonesia avvenne sempre del ’97: il 26 settembre un Airbus A-300B4 dell’indonesiana Garuda precipitò in una zona montagnosa nel nord di Sumatra, nei pressi di Medan: 234 persone a bordo, nessun superstite.حساسیت غیر آلرژیک
حساسیت غیر آلرژیک شامل عطسه یا گرفتگی و چکه بینی است. این می تواند یک مشکل طولانی مدت باشد و دلیل مشخصی هم ندارد. علائم این بیماری مانند تب یونجه است و به آن رینیت غیر آلرژیک نیز گفته می شود. اما حساسیت غیر آلرژیک ناشی از آلرژی نیست.
حساسیت غیر آلرژیک می تواند کودکان و بزرگسالان را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد. اما بعد از 20 سالگی شایع تر است. عواملی که باعث ایجاد علائم می شوند از فردی به فرد دیگر متفاوت است. محرک ها می توانند شامل موارد زیر باشند:
گرد و غبار، دود و سایر مواد محرک موجود در هوا
تغییر آب و هوا
داروها
غذاهای تند
بیماری های طولانی مدت.
پزشک اغلب ابتدا مطمئن می شوند که علائم یک فرد ناشی از آلرژی نیست. پس ممکن است نیاز به آزمایشات پوستی یا خونی داشته باشید تا متوجه شوید که آیا رینیت آلرژیک دارید یا خیر.
علائم حساسیت غیر آلرژیک
علائم حساسیت غیر آلرژیک اغلب در تمام طول سال مدام ظاهر می شوند و از بین می روند. علائم شما ممکن است شامل موارد زیر باشد:
گرفتگی یا آبریزش بینی
عطسه کردن
مخاط در گلو
سرفه
حساسیت غیر آلرژیک اغلب باعث خارش بینی، چشم یا گلو نمی شود. این علامت با آلرژی هایی مانند تب یونجه مرتبط است.
چه زمانی باید به پزشک مراجعه کرد؟
اگر شما:
علائم جدی دارید.
از داروهای خانگی یا داروهایی که بدون نسخه از فروشگاه خریداری کرده اید، تسکین پیدا نکرده اید.
عوارض جانبی بدی از داروها داشته باشد باید در اسرع وقت به پزشک مراجعه کنید.
علل
علت دقیق حساسیت غیر آلرژیک هنوز معلوم نیست.
اما متخصصان می دانند که رینیت غیر آلرژیک زمانی اتفاق می افتد که رگ های خونی در بینی منبسط شوند. این رگ های خونی بافتی را که داخل بینی را می پوشاند پر می کند. خیلی چیزها می تواند باعث این شود. به عنوان مثال، پایانه های عصبی در بینی ممکن است به راحتی به محرک ها واکنش نشان دهند.
اما هر علتی همان نتیجه را به همراه دارد: تورم داخل بینی، احتقان یا مخاط زیاددی بینی.
محرک های حساسیت غیر آلرژیک می تواند شامل موارد زیر باشد:
عوامل تحریک کننده در هوا: اینها شامل گرد و غبار، دود و دود سیگار است. بوهای تند مانند عطرها نیز می توانند باعث شروع علائم شوند. دودهای شیمیایی، از جمله بخارهایی که برخی از کارگران ممکن است در محل کار خود در معرض آن قرار گیرند، نیز همینطور است.
آب و هوا: تغییر در دما یا رطوبت می تواند باعث تورم در پوشش بینی شود. و می تواند باعث آبریزش یا گرفتگی بینی شود.
عفونت ها: بیماری های ناشی از ویروس اغلب باعث حساسیت غیر آلرژیک می شوند. نمونه این بیماری ها شامل سرماخوردگی یا آنفولانزا است.
غذاها و نوشیدنی ها: حساسیت غیر آلرژیک ممکن است هنگام غذا خوردن ایجاد شود. غذاهای تند محرک اصلی هستند. نوشیدن الکل همچنین می تواند باعث تورم بافتی شود که داخل بینی را پوشانده است. و می تواند منجر به گرفتگی بینی شود.
برخی داروها اینها عبارتند از آسپرین و ایبوپروفن داروهای فشار خون بالا مانند مسدود کننده های بتا نیز می توانند علائم ایجاد کنند.
بیشتر بدانید: بهترین جراح بینی نیمه فانتزی
داروهایی که دارای اثر آرام بخش هستند، می توانند باعث حساسیت غیر آلرژیک نیز شوند. داروهای افسردگی هم همینطور. قرصهای ضدبارداری و داروهایی که اختلال نعوظ را درمان میکنند نیز میتوانند علائم را تحریک کنند. و استفاده بیش از حد از اسپری یا قطره های ضد گرفتگی بینی می تواند باعث ایجاد نوعی رینیت غیر آلرژیک به نام رینیت دارویی شود.
تغییرات هورمونی: اینها می تواند به دلیل بارداری، قاعدگی یا استفاده از کنترل بارداری باشد. مشکلات هورمونی که ممکن است باعث حساسیت غیر آلرژیک شود شامل شرایطی است که زمانی اتفاق می افتد که غده تیروئید به اندازه کافی هورمون تیروئید تولید نمی کند. که به آن کم کاری تیروئید می گویند.
مسائل مرتبط با خواب: خوابیدن به پشت هنگام خواب می تواند باعث حساسیت غیر آلرژیک شود. رفلاکس اسیدی که یک شبه اتفاق می افتد نیز می تواند محرک باشد.
عوامل خطرساز
مواردی که می توانند احتمال ابتلا به حساسیت غیر آلرژیک را افزایش دهند عبارتند از:
تنفس در برخی از انواع هوای ناپاک: دود، دود اگزوز و دود تنباکو چند مورد از مواردی هستند که می توانند خطر حساسیت غیر آلرژیک را افزایش دهند.
سن بالای 20 سال: اکثر افرادی که به حساسیت غیر آلرژیک مبتلا می شوند 20 سال یا بیشتر دارند. این تفاوت سن آنها را از آلرژی، که اغلب افراد در سن کمتر از 20 سال دارند، متفاوت می کند.
استفاده طولانی مدت از اسپری یا قطره بینی: بیش از چند روز از قطره های ضداحتقان استفاده نکنید. گرفتگی بینی یا علائم دیگر ممکن است با از بین رفتن داروی ضد احتقان بدتر شود. به این حالت احتقان برگشتی می گویند.
باردار شدن یا پریود شدن: احتقان بینی اغلب در این مواقع به دلیل تغییرات هورمونی بدتر می شود.
قرار گرفتن در معرض دود در محل کار. در برخی از خطوط کار، دود ناشی از منابع می تواند باعث شروع حساسیت غیر آلرژیک شود. برخی از محرک های رایج شامل مصالح ساختمانی و مواد شیمیایی است. دود حاصل از کمپوست نیز می تواند یک محرک باشد.
بیماری ها: برخی از بیماری ها در درازمدت می توانند باعث حساسیت غیر آلرژیک یا بدتر شدن آن شوند. برخی از این بیماری ها شامل دیابت و کم کاری تیروئید است.
عوارض حساسیت غیر آلرژیک
حساسیت غیر آلرژیک ممکن است با موارد زیر مرتبط باشد:
پولیپ بینی: پولیپ ها توده های نرمی هستند که روی بافتی که داخل بینی را می پوشاند تشکیل می شوند. پولیپها همچنین میتوانند روی پوشش فضاهای داخل بینی و سر به نام سینوسها ایجاد شوند.
پولیپ ها در اثر تورم ایجاد می شوند که به آن التهاب نیز می گویند. اونا سرطانی نیستن پولیپ های کوچک ممکن است مشکلی ایجاد نکنند. اما بزرگترها می توانند جریان هوا را از طریق بینی مسدود کنند. که نفس کشیدن را سخت می کند.
سینوزیت: سینوزیت تورم سینوس ها است. گرفتگی طولانی مدت در بینی به دلیل حساسیت غیر آلرژیک می تواند خطر سینوزیت را افزایش دهد.
مشکل در زندگی روزمره: حساسیت غیر آلرژیک ممکن است بر کار یا مدرسه شما تأثیر بگذارد.
جلوگیری
اگر حساسیت غیر آلرژیک دارید، اقداماتی را برای کاهش علائم و جلوگیری از تشدید آن انجام دهید:
محرک های خود را پیدا کنید دریابید که چه عواملی باعث ایجاد علائم یا بدتر شدن آنها می شوند. به این ترتیب می توانید از آنها دور بمانید.پزشک می تواند برای اینکار از تست آلرژی استفاده کند.
از اسپری ها یا قطره های ضد احتقان بینی برای مدت طولانی استفاده نکنید. استفاده از این داروها برای بیش از چند روز در یک زمان می تواند علائم شما را بدتر کند.
درمان موثری دریافت کنید. اگر دارویی را امتحان کرده اید که به اندازه کافی کمک نمی کند، با پزشک خود صحبت کنید. برای پیشگیری یا کاهش علائم ممکن است نیاز به تغییر در برنامه درمانی شما باشد.
اگر همچنان سوالی دارید با ما در قسمت نظرات در میان بگذارید.
بیشتر بدانید: تنگی نفس چیست؟frontline vol. 2 issue 3.
War and peace in Mindanao
Murray Smith reports on a recent visit to the island of Mindanao and looks at the history of the peoples fighting centuries of oppression.
A recent issue of Scottish Socialist Voice referred to a series of underreported conflict
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by food. Eating properly handled and cooked pork products is safe.
How to protect myself from swine flu?
Currently available seasonal influenza vaccine does not protect against swine flu (H1N1 flu). There are everyday actions that can help prevent the spread of germs that cause respiratory illnesses like influenza.
What are the medicines available in the market to treat swine flu?
- Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.
- Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze. Alcohol based hand cleaners are also effective.
- Try to avoid close contact with people having respiratory illness.
- If one gets sick with influenza, one must stay at home, away from work or school and limit contact with others to keep from infecting them. However, if one is having any respiratory distress, one should report to a nearby hospital.
'Oseltamivir' is the recommended anti viral drug for the treatment and/or prevention of infection with the influenza A H1N1. If you get sick, antiviral drugs can make your illness milder and make you feel better faster.
They may also prevent serious flu complications. For treatment, antiviral drugs work best if started soon after getting sick (within 2 days of symptoms). The government has adequate stock and the drug is made available to government hospitals at the time of outbreak and would be available to you free of cost. The drug is to be administered under supervision of clinicians.
What should I do if I get sick?
Consult a doctors immediately. If you are worried as your symtoms do match as given above, you should stay home and avoid contact with other people as much as possible to keep from spreading your illness to others. If you become ill and experience any of the following warning signs, seek emergency medical care.
In children emergency warning signs that need urgent medical attention include:
In adults, emergency warning signs that need urgent medical attention include:
- Fast breathing or trouble breathing
- Bluish skin color
- Not drinking enough fluids/eating food
- Not waking up or not interacting
- Being so irritable that the child does not want to be held
- Flu-like symptoms improve but then return with fever and worse cough
- Fever with a rash
- Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath.
- Pain or pressure in the chest or abdomen.
- Sudden dizziness.
- Severe or persistent vomiting.
- Wash your hands.
- Avoid crowded places.
- Stay more than an arm's length from persons afflicted with flu.
- Get plenty of sleep. Try to get 8 hours of good sleep every night to keep your immune system in top flu-fighting shape.
- Drink plenty of water and eat nutritious food. Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water each day to flush toxins from your system and maintain good moisture and mucous production in your sinuses.
- Keeping your body strong, nourished, and ready to fight infection is important in flu prevention. So stick with whole grains, colorful vegetables, and vitamin-rich fruits.
- Use the antibacterial soaps to cleanse your hands. Wash them often, at least 15 seconds and rinse with running water.
- The government is taking necessary steps to prevent the pandemic and periodically release guidelines to keep the pandemic away. Please make sure to keep up to date on the information and act in a calm manner.
For people who are sick:
- Shake hands or hug in greeting
- Spit in public
- Take medicines without consulting a physician
- Apart from being a mood depressant, alcohol is an immune suppressant that can actually decrease your resistance to viral infections like swine flu. So stay away from alcoholic drinks so that your immune system may be strong.
- Flu virus spreads when particles dispersed into the air through a cough or sneeze reach someone else's nose. So if you have to be around someone who is sick, try to stay a few feet away from them and especially, avoid physical contact.
- Try to avoid unnecessary trips outside. Moreover, avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread this way.
- Stay home and limit contacts with others as much as possible.
- Rest and take plenty of liquids.
- Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze.
- Seek medical advice if needed.Brief Introdution to Temple of Heaven
The Ming emperor Yongle (Zhu Di 1360-1424, reigned 1403-24) decided to build a temple more than 500 years ago, where the emperors could worship heaven, a ritual, which he hoped would serve to perpetuate imperial rule. The result was a masterpiece of Chinese architecture——the Temple of Heaven. Today, although the imperial rule has been toppled over, yet the buildings remain as splendid as ever. They have been valued not only by the Chinese people but by people throughout the world as creative masterpieces of the working people of ancient China. The temple buildings and surrounding area make up one of the largest popular public parks in Beijing.
The Temple of Heaven is situated in the southern part of the city. It was first built in 1420, and reconstructed in 1530, encompassing 273 hectares (674 acres). The walls are 1,700 meters from east to west, and 1,600 meters from north to south. The perimeter of the Temple of Heaven is 6, 369 meters with 6 meters high. The three major structures used in the sacrifices are circular in plan, corresponding to the supposed shape of Heaven. The glazed-tile roofs of the temples are deep blue and the platforms constructed of slabs of white marble. Each of the three platforms consists of three tiers, making a total of nine Tiers——nine in Chinese cosmology symbolizing Heaven. In fact, the number and layout of every single slab used in the platforms is determined according to cosmological principles.
The temple was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshipped heaven and prayed for good harvests. They came here twice a year, on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month and on winter solstice. At first, both heaven and earth were worshipped here. After 1530 when the Temple of Earth (Altar of Land) was built in the northern suburbs of Beijing, only heaven was worshipped in this temple.
The greatest architectural structures
The temple of Heaven is regarded as one of the greatest architectural structures in the world. Some environmental artists and gardeners describe the temple as a place where people can talk to heaven. In Beijing, four imperial temples were built during the Ming and Qing dynasties. At the southern end of the city axis is the Temple of Heaven. It is the most important of the four, the other three being the Temple of the Earth (Altar of Land) in the north, the Altar of the Moon in the west, and the Altar of the Sun in the east just behind the Beijing Friendship Store. All of them are still standing, but the Temple of Heaven is the largest group of temple buildings of its kind in China, nearly four times larger than the Forbidden City. The Temple of Heaven was originally known as the great Sacrificial Hall.In1545 during the Ming emperor Jiajing’s reign (1522-66), it was revamped and renamed Great Offerings Hall, and the present name was bestowed by the Qing emperor Qianlong (1736-95). The whole building complex was designed in a way that makes you feel close to heaven. In making the heaven-like structures, the designers made good use of color, sound, geometric figures of the circle and the square, and changes in height. The combination of building and garden help make it appears mysterious and magical.
The temple’s architecture has two themes. One is “on the earth,” while the other is “in heaven.” The square-shaped palace for fasting in the west of the temple appears like a “forbidden city “in smaller size. A delightful legend relates that the circular shaped Qiniandian (Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests) and Yuanqiu(Circular Mound Altar) are thought to be connected with heaven. This symbolizes the second theme, which dominates the whole temple.
In imperial days, the Chinese people believed that the sky was in circular shape and the earth was square. On the basis of this traditional concept, the circle was widely adopted in the design of the temple’s main buildings. It is in accord with people’s imagination of heaven.
Nowadays, in the temple grounds there are more than 100,000 trees o various kinds, of which 60,000 are evergreen pines. Out of 60,000 pines, 2, 566 are ancient cypresses. Of these ancient trees, 100 trees reach the age of more than 1,000 years. The Temple of Heaven has the most ancient trees in Beijing.
After the completion of the Temple of Heaven in 1420 in more than 500 years until the Qing Dynasty, 22 emperors made 654 sacrifices to heaven in the Temple of Heaven, of whom Qing emperor Qianlong made sacrifices to heaven for more than 90 times. Yuan Shikai (1859-1916, a warlord, once the president of the Republic of China, and in December 1915, he declared himself the emperor for 83 days and abolished the autocratic monarchy on March 22, 1916 and died on June 6, 1916) did the last sacrifice on December 13, 1914. Yuan Shikai had just taken the throne when he kicked the bucket.
In ancient China, sacrifice to heaven by people has a history of about 5,000 years. It originated from natural worship. People thought that everything was dominated by heaven due to underdeveloped science in ancient China. Ancient Chinese hoped that heaven could help them by sacrifice. This objectively reflected the people’s wishes to nature. But emperor regarded sacrifice to heaven as his patent and tried to consolidate his rule through sacrifice to heaven. In ancient China dozens of temples of heaven were built and only the Temple of Heaven in Beijing is still standing. It is the largest architectural group of buildings and unique in the world today. In 1860 and 1900, the Temple of Heaven was occupied and sabotaged by the Anglo-French Allied Forces and the Eight-Power Allied Forces respectively. The Republic of China (1912-49) in 1912 abolished the activities of sacrificing to heaven. The park was open to the public in 1918. It is an ideal place for amusement and relaxation.
The Temple of Heaven is a worthwhile visiting place in Beijing
It is located in southern Beijing and much bigger than the Imperial Palace (the Forbidden City) and smaller than the Summer Palace with an area of about 2.7 million square meters. The Temple was built in 1420 A.D. in the Ming Dynasty to offer sacrifice to Heaven. As Chinese emperors called themselves “the Son of Heaven”, they dared not to build their own dwelling “Forbidden City” bigger than the dwelling for Heaven. It is included in the UNESCO world heritage list in 1998.
The Temple of Heaven is enclosed with a long wall. The northern part within the wall is semicircular symbolizing the heavens and the southern part is square symbolizing the earth. The northern part is higher than the southern part. This design shows that the heaven is high and the earth is low and reflects an ancient Chinese thought of “The heaven is round and the earth is square”.
The Temple of Heaven is divided by two enclosed walls into inner part and outer part. The main buildings of the temple lie at the south and north ends of the middle axis line of the inner part. The most magnificent buildings from south to north are the Circular Terrace, the Imperial Heavenly Vault and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests. Also, there are some additional buildings like Three Echo Stone and Echo Wall.
Circular Terrace has three layered terraces with white marble. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368A.D.-1911 A.D.), the emperors would offer sacrifices to Heaven on the day of the Winter Solstice every year. This ceremony was to thank Heaven and hope everything would be good in the future. Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests is a big palace with round roof and there layers of eaves, the roof is covered with black, yellow and green colored glaze representing the heavens, the earth and everything on earth. Another important building in the Temple of Heaven is Imperial Heavenly Vault. If you look at it from far away, you will find that the vault is like a blue umbrella. The structure of it is like that of Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, but smaller in size. The vault was made of bricks and timber, with white marble railings surrounded.
Three Echo Stones is outside of the gate of Imperial Heavenly. If you speak facing the vault while standing on the first stone, you will hear one echo; standing on the second and the third stone, you will hear two and three echoes respectively.
Another interesting and famous place for you to visit is called Echo Wall owning special feature. The wall encloses Imperial Heavenly Vault. Its perimeter is 193 meters. If you and your friend stand at the east and the west roots of the wall respectively and you whisper a work, then your friend will hear clearly what you say. Isn’t it interesting? The phenomenon utilizes the theory of sound wave.都说文无第一武无第二，生活在这个地球上，凡是都要争个第一，于是比赛成了生活中重要的一部分。从我们上学到工作，都在努力的赶超他人。但是世界上有很多荒诞的比赛，就向你会质疑一些吉尼斯世界纪录的作用一样，扔马桶、扔手机比赛、甚至比臭鞋、比吃蟑螂比赛都有，下面和小编一起看看全球20个超荒诞的雷人比赛。
桑拿世锦赛俄选手被蒸死
2010年8月,在芬兰举行的第12届桑拿世界锦标赛男子决赛中,最后角逐冠军的两名选手考科宁和俄罗斯的拉迪任斯基在110摄氏度高温中蒸烤超过6分钟后双双休克被抬出,最终来自俄罗斯的拉迪任斯基抢救无效死亡。由于桑拿世锦赛存在高度的危险性。主办方要求每位报名选手在赛前出具一份当地医院提供的健康证明书,经过资格审查后,他们还要与主办方签订一份“生死状”,声明比赛中出现任何意外都与主办方无关。但在谁也没有料到会发生这样的意外之后,市长立即宣布将永久取消这项比赛。
荷兰扔马桶比赛 王储亚历山大夺冠
在荷兰,有些村镇为了取乐举办了扔马桶比赛。2012年5月,荷兰王储威廉·亚历山大(Willem-Alexander)在东部小村雷嫩(Rhenen)参加传统扔马桶比赛,并获得冠军,但他本人却对此感到十分羞愧,“世界上还有26亿人没有这种最基本的生活设施,以有尊严地满足日常需求,我对此感到十分羞愧。”然而扔马桶比赛组织者雅各布·比滕赫伊斯(Jakob Buitenhuis)对于亚历山大王储的“自我检讨”并不买账,他认为王储的表态“很幼稚”。
芬兰扔手机比赛
你舍得把你心爱的手机扔掉吗?芬兰每年会举办扔手机的比赛给手机使用者一个难得的机会“发泄手机带来的烦恼和失望”。2012年8月,在芬兰举行的年度扔手机大赛中,芬兰一位青少年埃林·卡尔亚莱宁把手机扔出惊人的101.46米远,打破世界纪录夺冠,当然他扔出的手机也粉身碎骨。
西班牙举办雷人“选丑比赛”
你是否也曾百无聊赖的对着镜子,扮出各种或搞笑或恐怖等等“有损”形象的鬼脸呢?2012年11月,西班牙毕尔巴鄂举行了一场别开生面的扮鬼脸“选丑比赛”,吸引了众多男女老少前去“参赛”。评审将从众多稀奇古怪、五花八门的面相中裁定扮鬼脸最丑、最雷人、最“不像人”的参赛者胜出。
疯狂的办公椅比赛
德国中部Bad Koenig-Zell举办过三届办公椅比赛,旨在为慈善募捐。2011年4月,选手聚集到这里参加第三届办公椅大赛。选手们穿戴头盔及护膝等保护措施,坐在自己的“座驾”——办公椅上用最快速度滑行,第一个到终点者即为比赛的冠军。
英国重口味“人体器官”烘焙大赛
2012年10月,在万圣节来临之际,英国四所医学院的医生们举办了一场“解剖学”主题烘焙比赛。这些作品虽然看上去令人反胃,但却是由巧克力、奶油和新鲜水果等美味原材料烘制和调制而成的美味糕点和饮品。享受到美味的同时也是一次病理学知识的普及。
俄罗斯莫斯科举行高跟鞋短跑比赛
爱美的女性朋友都知道,穿高跟鞋久了是一件多么痛苦的事情更别说穿着它跑步。然而2009年12月,俄罗斯首都莫斯科的一家时尚杂志却举办了一场高跟鞋短跑比赛。比赛规则要求参赛者穿着的鞋跟不能低于9厘米,但实际上,很多参赛者的鞋跟高度都超出标准,最高的竟然达到16厘米。70名女选手要跑过80米的距离,获胜者可得到10万卢布的奖金。为了高额的奖金,姑娘们忍痛也要飞奔起来。
诡异的抱充气娃娃游泳比赛
2010年7月,俄罗斯圣彼得堡武奥克萨河上举行了一年一度的充气娃娃游泳比赛,比赛中俄罗斯男子抱着充气娃娃游泳渡河。充气娃娃游泳大赛正式名称叫“泡沫芭芭挑战赛”,每年举办一次。比赛最大的看点是参赛男子要抱着充气娃娃一起渡河,比赛气氛诡异而搞笑。
塞尔维亚“新娘”比赛 穿着婚纱狂奔
在塞尔维亚首都贝尔格莱德,身着婚纱与运动鞋的“新娘”准备赛跑。当日,超过50名女子身着婚纱参加了一年一度在这里举行的婚纱赛跑,角逐为比赛而设立的大奖。
英国六旬老妇参加扭鬼脸比赛 获冠军后昏倒
2010年9月,62岁的英国老太太安妮·伍德在“世界表情搞怪比赛”上荣获冠军,但是还没来得及领奖,她就被紧急送到当地医院进行治疗,一种说法是她因为面部扭曲过度而昏倒。在这个世界上最雷人比赛的赛场上,每位选手有四分钟的表演
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match fra Botafogo e Flamengo. La vittima in questione è Diego Silva dos Santos, 28enne ucciso da un colpo di pistola. Il criminale è riuscito a colpire altre 3 persone, mentre il resto degli incidenti è stato provocato da una rissa. La partita Botafogo-Flamengo risulta essere tra le più sentite in Brasile e forse le forze dell’ordine in questo caso avrebbero potuto avere un’organizzazione migliore.A coke habit can be seriously dangerous -- and we’re talking about the kind that goes in your mouth, not up your nose.
While it might seem pretty obvious that excessive consumption of soft drinks can’t be good for your health, the dangers of sucking down too much soda go beyond the usual suspects like obesity and tooth decay. Natasha Harris, a 31-year-old New Zealand woman and mother of eight, died of a heart attack in 2010 but made headlines this past February when a coroner declared that her soda habit was a big factor in her death.
Harris’s partner told coroner David Crerar that Harris drank about 9 liters (2.3 gallons) of Coke every day -- the equivalent to more than four 2-liter bottles, the largest size available in most supermarkets. Based on evidence in medical literature and testimonials from doctors, Crerar wrote in his report that too much cola can lead to extremely low levels of potassium in the blood, a condition called hypokalaemia. Even moderate or mild hypokalaemia carries some risk of death by heart attack, according to Crerar’s witnesses.
Thus, drinking so much soda “was a substantial factor that contributed to the development of … metabolic imbalances, which gave rise to [cardiac] arrhythmia” -- a condition where a person’s heart beats too fast, too slowly or irregularly.
Now doctors from Monaco have outlined a similar case in their clinic, similar to Harris’ but with a happier end, in a report presented at a meeting of the European Society of Cardiology in Athens, Greece (but not yet published in a peer-reviewed journal). Physicians Naima Zarqane and Nadir Saoudi, from the Princess Grace Hospital Center, describe a 31-year-old woman who came to their hospital after fainting. Blood work revealed extremely low potassium levels -- 2.4 millimoles per liter, where the normal range is between 3.5 and 5.1 millimoles per liter -- and an abnormal heartbeat pattern known as long QT syndrome.
The patient told doctors at Princess Grace that she had been drinking soft drinks in place of water since age 15. Doctors advised her to cut out the soda, and both her blood potassium levels and heartbeat pattern returned to normal ranges within a week.
Zarqane and Saoudi think there are a couple possible explanations for the link between excessive Coke consumption and low potassium levels in the bloodstream. The sugary high fructose corn syrup in cola may keep a person’s gut from absorbing water, leading to diarrhea that flushes potassium out of the body (literally).
Another problem stems from the caffeine content of the soda, which the researchers say might affect the loop of Henle, a portion of the kidney that reabsorbs potassium and other ions from a person’s urine. The caffeine may reduce the amount of potassium taken up by the loop of Henle.
Low potassium levels, in turn, affect the heart through the ion channels that help regulate a person’s heart rate. These channels are pores in a cell’s membrane that allow potassium ions to move in and out of cells, a key part of the mechanism that allows electrical signals to travel from cell to cell. Without proper potassium levels in the blood, the electrical current that powers heart muscle is compromised and the heart can’t beat normally.
"One of the take home messages is that cardiologists need to be aware of the connection between cola consumption and potassium loss, and should ask patients found to have QT prolongation about beverage habits," Zarqane said in a statement.Oltre che in funzione del tipo di responsabilità che i soci si assumono, le società possono essere classificate sotto altri aspetti.
1. Secondo lo scopo. In base allo scopo si distinguono società lucrative e società mutualistiche: le prime si ripropongono di conseguire un lucro da ripartire fra i soci; le seconde, invece, mirano a svolgere un'attività a favore dei soci stessi riducendo il costo dei beni e dei servizi che interessano loro (ad es. cooperative di consumo) o procurando un aumento delle possibilità di lavoro e di retribuzione (cooperative di lavoro).Le società lucrative sono anche dette società a capitale fisso perché la variazione del capitale sociale costituisce una modifica del contratto di società (o atto costitutivo), contrariamente a quanto accade nelle società mutualistiche, che si dicono anche società a capitale variabile.
2. Secondo la struttura. In rapporto alla struttura si hanno società dotate di autonomia patrimoniale (società in nome collettivo e in accomandita semplice) e società dotate di personalità giuridica (società per azioni, in accomandita per azioni, a responsabilità limitata, cooperative e mutue assicuratrici).
3. Secondo l'attività svolta. Sotto questo aspetto, si distinguono società commerciali e società non commerciali.Senza addentrarci nei particolari di specifico carattere giuridico, precisiamo che, secondo l'articolo 2249 del Codice Civile, le società che hanno per oggetto l'esercizio di un'attività commerciale, cioè:
- un'attività industriale di produzione di beni e servizi;
- un'attività mercantile;
- un'attività di trasporto;
- un'attività bancaria o assicurativa;
- altre attività ausiliarie alle precedenti;
devono costituirsi come società commerciali, ossia secondo uno dei seguenti tipi sociali:
Per l'esercizio di attività “non commerciali” (ad esempio, un'attività artigianale, un'attività agricola, un'attività di libera professione intellettuale) è prevista invece la società semplice, a meno che i soci non vogliano espressamente costituire una delle società sopra indicate.
Perciò l'esercizio in comune di attività commerciali richiede necessariamente l'istituzione di una società commerciale; mentre l'esercizio in comune di attività non commerciali dà luogo di norma alla costituzione di una società semplice, ma nulla vieta che i soci decidano di fare ricorso a una società commerciale (ad esempio, è noto che le società di calcio della massima divisione, pur non svolgendo un'attività qualificabile come “commerciale”, hanno la forma giuridica di S.p.A.).Credit cards and debit cards help in online and offline transactions. It is estimated that at least 2 in every 5 transactions are carried out by a debit or credit card. In fact, they look the same – have a 16 digit number, CVV number, name of the cardholder and expiration date. But, there are many differences between credit cards and debit cards. Read on to know the differences and compare the pros and cons.
A credit card is provided by banks and NBFCs to the cardholders with a pre-set credit limit. You can make purchases using credit and repay the amount with interest. Additionally, credit card issuers allow holders to withdraw cash (line of credit, LOC) accessible by ATM or credit card convenience checks. Often LOCs carry higher rates of interest. Every credit card has a borrowing saddle point which depends on the user’s credit rating.
Debit cards are modes of withdrawals and transactions whereby cardholders can withdraw money from ATMs or perform online transactions. They perfectly substitute carrying physical cash or checks for purchases.
Debit cards have purchase and withdrawal limits beyond which daily transaction is barred. Users can access their debit cards with a PIN, and a small fixed charge might be levied on transactions from ATMs of different issuers.
|Credit offering is repayable at a future date.
|Mode of transaction or cash withdrawals
|Timely payments improve one’s credit history.
|Payments are possible as long as cardholders have enough balance and do not cross the daily limit.
|Purchase requires a signature.
|Requires 4 digit PIN
|Users need to pay additional interest if they do not pay the borrowed amount monthly.
|Users pay an additional fee if used in an ATM by a different issuer.
|Good for hotel reservations, car rentals, purchasing electronic items on EMI, etc.
|Good for daily use because it helps stay within budget.
Also Read: 10 Best Credit Cards For Online Shopping
Contactless payment is the need of the hour. Users do not need to carry huge amounts of cash to chase expensive items. Instead, they can use their credit or debit cards. Now that you know the difference between a credit card and a debit card, you can decide if you should use a credit or debit card for online and offline purchases, depending on your requirement.
Ans: Although both credit and debit cards look similar, they perform very differently. Debit cards require users to have a balance equal to or less than/her account balance. Credit cards help initiate transactions based on one’s limit and credit score.
Ans: Debit cards can be used to perform net banking and UPI transactions. They can also be used to perform transactions directly.
Ans: Firstly, one should read the terms and conditions. Then, one can call customer service and ask them to deactivate the card. Users can clear all transactions and destroy the card thereafter.
This article is solely for educational purposes. Navi doesn't take any responsibility for the information or claims made in the blog.
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The color guides were just as important of a tool to the colorist as they were to the color separator and were intended to eliminate any doubt about the colors being used on a page.
The colorist would be given black-and-white photocopies of the original art reduced to 80% of the original which was a bit larger than the final print size but made it easier to fit in the codes. These pages would be painted in using water color, Doctor Martin Dyes, designer markers or whatever else would lay in a color field.
Traditional flat color usually just filled areas that were trapped with black line art with one particular color. The color in this area was coded to match the color chart, say YR3B2 (100% yellow, 50% magenta and 25% cyan which would produce a medium brown color)
The code was what the separator was concerned with. The area could be colored red but if the code said green that is how it appeared in print. The colors primarily defined the area to be filled with color. Most colorists did attempt to keep the colors consistent with the code but if a mistake was made only the code needed to be fixed, the area did not need to be repainted.
Though most colorists were meticulous about their application and finished pages were usually beautiful, they were always peppered with code. This made them look less like the work of art that they were.
It was possible to be rather sloppy when applying colors since, as I described earlier, the main purpose was to identify the area to be filled and apply the final code. This was usually the situation when color, which was the last step in the creative process, was being rushed to meet a deadline that had already been jeopardized by either the writer, penciler, inker or letterer.
Regardless of the quality of the application, if the codes and fields were appropriately identified, the final print job would look fine.
As the broader range of colors became available colorists were better able to model areas with different values of color to created shaded or tinted areas.
Generally colorists attempted to alter values on just one of the layers of color and avoided butting percentages of the same color in a single field to prevent a seam from appearing in the finished work.The addition of the 10% and 20% black made it especially easier to shade colors.
When it was necessary to show a gradient, usually in a larger field, it was possible to note the area to be graded. This was usually found on covers of the traditional flat colored books. By the 80′s the gradients were popping up in the interiors due to the better production values available.
At Murphy Anderson’s Visual Concepts, Murphy Jr. would apply an airbrushed fill to the films to match the specs of the gradient. Murphy was a master at this and made many a Comico product look fabulous.
There was something special about that era when every person along the production route had a hand in the final output of the printed product.
The collaboration and the camaraderie that was developed has long been replaced by the digital file.
More production history to follow next week plus BIG news from CO2 Comics is coming so Stay Tuned!
(Don’t say you weren’t warned…)
Making Comics Because I Want Toدریانیوز: "دست ها را بشویید"، "ماسک بزنید" و " ضد عفونی کنید" از جمله عباراتی است که از همان روزهای آغازین اسفند 99 با شیوع کرونا در کشور به گوش می رسید.
اکثر مردم، دست ها را مداوم با صابون می شویند، همه جا ماسک می زنند و به وسایل مشکوک به آلودگی، محلول های ضدعفونی کننده الکلی اسپری می کنند. کار درست هم همین است، دانشمندان با آزمایش ها و مطالعات فراوان تقریبا مطمئن اند که مواد بر پایه الکل ویروس را می کشد. بدون شک استفاده از مواد ضدعفونی کننده به کاهش انتقال کروناویروس کمک کرده اما همچنین می تواند در طولانی مدت مشکلاتی برای سلامت انسان و محیط زیست ایجاد کند.تحقیقات علمی و اتکا به مطالعات بزرگان جامعه پزشکی با ظهور ویروس کرونا ضدعفونی کردن با محلولهای الکلی از اوجب واجبات شده است اما نکته اینجاست که هشدارهایی درباره مصرف بی رویه این محلولها وجود دارد.به مرور زمان در کنار فواید این محافظت ها، ضرر و زیان هایشان هم به کرات خطاب به گروه های آسیب پذیر اطلاع رسانی شد؛ "در پی تماس متعدد پوست دست با آب و صابون، اقدامات پیشگیرانه برای مقابله با خشکی پوست را فراموش نکنید"، "مراقب استفاده طولانی مدت از ماسک باشید"، "امکان بروز مشکلات پوستی و تنفسی در پی استفاده از محلول های الکی وجود دارد".اما به دلایلی که شاید کاربرد آسان یکی از آنها باشد، استقبال مردم از محلول های ضدعفونی کننده الکلی افزایش پیدا کرد که به طبع معایبی هم با خود به همراه دارد؛ طبق یکی از مطالعاتی که توسط پژوهشگران آلمانی منتشر شده، استفاده از اسپری ها یا دستمال های ضدعفونی کننده روی پوست ممکن است باعث تحریک پوست و چشم شود.
اسپری ها و دستمال های ضدعفونی کننده برای تمیز کردن سطوح است، نه افراد یا حیوانات. براساس این پژوهش، پتانسیل تحریک کنندگی الکل هایی که معمولاً در داروهای ضد عفونی کننده دست استفاده می شود بسیار کم است. اگر پوست از قبل تحریک شده باشد، به عنوان مثال با شوینده ها یا آب، در استفاده از الکل ها می توانند احساس سوزش کنند، اما واکنش آلرژیک نیست و به پوست آسیب نمی رساند، البته باید توجه داشت در استفاده طولانی مدت و ناصحیح یا به صورت ترکیب با مواد شیمیایی دیگر می توانند ایجاد حساسیت های پوستی و آلرژیک کنند.سایت مدیکال اکسپرس در این مطلب به برخی از تاثیرات مخرب مواد ضدعفونی کننده دست و سایر محصولات ضد باکتری و ضد ویروسی اشاره کرده است:احتمال مسمومیت: ضد عفونی کننده های دست بیشتر از الکل- اتانول یا ایزوپروپانول- با غلظت ۶۰ تا ۹۵ درصد ساخته شده اند و در صورت سوء مصرف ممکن است سمی باشند. نتایج یک مطالعه نشان داد که استفاده منظم از ضد عفونی کننده های دست حاوی اتانول منجر به انباشت اتانول در خون می شود که میزان آن به نسبت کم اما قابل اندازه گیری است.اگرچه این میزان از اتانول کمتر از سطح مسومیت حاد است اما استفاده مداوم می تواند منجر به "مسمومیت مزمن" شود و خطر مشکلات سلامتی مانند اگزما یا سرطان پوست را افزایش دهد و گاهی اوقات ممکن است کشنده باشد. در کودکان نیز مسمومیت به راحتی از طریق پوست اتفاق می افتد. همچنین آنان در معرض خطر مصرف خوراکی این مواد به صورت تصادفی هستند.
مقاومت ضد میکروبی:
استفاده مکرر از ضد عفونی کننده های بر پایه الکل نیز به افزایش عوامل بیماریزا کمک می کند زیرا میکروبها در برابر این مواد به تدریج مقاوم می شوند. مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی به شرایطی گفته می شود که باکتری ها در برابر آنتی بیوتیک ها مقاوم می شوند و می تواند کشنده باشد.
تغییر میکروبیوم:
استفاده بیش از حد از ضد عفونی کننده های بر پایه الکل موجب آسیب و ترک پوستی شده که اجازه می دهد ویروس های مضر و آلوده به بدن نفوذ پیدا کند. علاوه بر این، مواد ضدعفونی کننده دست باکتریهای مفید و طبیعی موجود در پوست را از بین می برد. برخی از محققان بر این باورند که ضد عفونی کننده های دست و افراط در شستشوی دستها می تواند به میلیاردها میکروب موجود در روده آسیب وارد کند هرچند این موضوع تایید نشده است.
افزایش موارد ابتلا به سایر عفونتها:
اگرچه ضد عفونی کننده های دست علیه کروناویروس ها موثر هستند اما سایر پاتوژن ها را از بین نمی برند. موارد استثنا شامل انگلهایی مانند Cryptosporidium ، باکتریهایی از جمله Clo
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- Ernest Mandel, Late Capitalism. London: Verso, 1975.Dr Rachael Moses develops a new way of understanding wound healing
Research Associate Dr Rachael Moses discusses her research into the wound healing process and her experience attending the GYSS Summit
Rainforest compounds could be crucial to accelerating the wound healing process according to research conducted by Dr Rachael Moses, Research Associate at the Melbourne Dental School.
Dr Moses arrived at the University of Melbourne in July 2021 to work with Professor Alastair Sloan, Head of Melbourne Dental School. Prior to arriving in Australia, she was working as a Postdoctoral Research Associate at Cardiff University, where she completed her PhD in tissue engineering in 2016.
Dr Moses’ research is primarily focused on how various natural compounds promote wound healing responses. A key discovery in her team’s research was the detection of healing properties in Fontain’s Blushwood trees from Queensland’s tropical rainforest. The compounds, located within the seeds of the fruit, were found to enhance wound healing responses.
Dr Moses is continuing her research into novel wound healing therapies, utilising 3D skin models sourced from human biopsies to test the wound healing responses to certain treatments.
“The skin models allow us to replicate the wound healing process, which means we’re able to get an accurate response in a non-invasive way.
“This is a more ethical alternative to the usual method, which involves testing on animals”, Dr Moses said.
Last year, Dr Moses was successful in her application to attend the 10th Global Young Scientists Summit (GYSS), which was held virtually across five days in January 2022.
The Summit was hosted from Singapore, which meant some late nights with the time difference, but it was an event Dr Moses couldn’t miss, given the rare chance to hear from multiple Nobel Prize winners in science and network with other young health and science professionals.
“It was brilliant to connect with other young scientists from across the world and join a WhatsApp group to maintain the new connections”, Dr Moses said.
Dr Moses noted how refreshing it was to hear from a number of prominent speakers who were down-to-earth and generous with their time.
“It was an amazing opportunity to hear from renowned scientists and have the chance to ask them questions about their research.
“Professor Ada Yonath [winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2009] was particularly engaging and a great role model for women in science.
“One of the most valuable insights I learned from the speakers, who have achieved some of the highest honours you can in science, is that the awards and accolades are just a small part of their careers.
“If you really enjoy what you do, the awards may be a natural outcome of that, but they shouldn’t be the main driving force”, Dr Moses said.Don't discard those tomato plants after the growing season is over, unless your plants are nearly lifeless and have no remaining fruit or flowers on them. By following some easy steps you can still get tomatoes from plants after summer
Cover tomato plants with a blanket or rug so the frost does not kill the roots of your still producing tomato plants. Cover at night and remove the rug or blanket in the sunny morning.
Water the tomato plants less than usual and only on warmer sunny days. You don't want to freeze the area dirt around the tomato plants you want to get tomatoes from after summer growing has ceased.
When the frost is imminent, dig up plants, being careful not to disturb the dirt around the roots as best you can. Replant indoors. Keep in a sunny area if possible.
Remove as many of the non producing leaves from the tomato plants. This will put all the growing energy into producing more tomatoes from the plants instead of to the leaves.
If you do not have any place to put the repotted plants, remove the plants from the ground and hang upside down in a dark place like a garage so you can still get tomatoes from those plants as they ripen on the vines.
If tomatoes fall from the vines, wrap them in newspaper and store in a cardboard box until ready to use in a few days. You can keep getting tomatoes from your tomato plants long into the fall.
Read more: How to Get tomatoes from plants after summer | eHow.com ehow.com/how_5119057_tomatoes-plants-after-summer.html#ixzz0zj5cCFLXDünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) gençlere koronavirüs tehdidini önemsemeleri uyarısında bulundu.
WHO Başkanı Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, gençlerin de virüs sonucu hastalanabileceklerini ya da ölebileceklerini söyledi.
Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Cenevre'de düzenlediği basın toplantısında "Gençler yenilmez değil" dedi.
WHO'nun son verilerine göre koronavirüs ve neden olduğu Covid-19 hastalığı sonucu bugüne kadar 8 bin 778 hayatını kaybetti.
Toplam vaka sayısı ise 209 bin 839.
Hayatını kaybedenlerin çok büyük bölümünün yaşlılar olması nedeniyle gençlerin koronavirüs tehdidini önemsemedikleri düşünülüyor.KARINDA KASILMA VE SERTLEŞME
Rahim yapısal özelliğinden dolayı kas yapısından zengindir. Kas yapılarının bolluğu rahim büyümesi esnasında ve doğumda genişlemeyi, bebeğin dışarı atılmasını sağlar. Doğuma yakın yedinci aydan sonra hazırlık kasılmaları başlar. Bu kasılmalar ilk zamanlar günde birkaç kez olur, doğum yaklaştıkça sıklığı artar. Önemli olan bu fizyolojik kasılmalarla anormal olan kasılmaları ayırt edebilmektir.
Fizyolojik olandan fazla olan kasılmalar erken doğumun habercisi olabilir.
Tüm doğumların yaklaşık %10'unda erken doğum olur.
Erken doğum ne demektir?
Olgunlaşması henüz tamamlanmamış bebeğin doğmasıdır. Gebelik haftası olarak 37. hafta dolmadan doğumun gerçekleşmesidir. Bu durumda yenidoğan hastalığı ve ölümü sık görülür. Erken doğan bebeklerin bir bölümünde zihinsel ve fiziksel sorunlar görülebilir.
Ayrıca erken doğan bebeklerin bakımı ve yaşatılması çok pahalı ve emek gerektiren süreçlerdir. Tüm bu nedenlerden dolayı erken doğum olaylarının azaltılması zamanında tanınması önemlidir.
Anormal kasılma nedir?
Gebeliğin 37. haftasından önce en az 30 dakika süre ile her 10 dakika içinde iki veya daha fazla kasılma olmasıdır. Bu kasılmaların rahim ağzında yumuşama ve genişlemeye neden olması doğumu başlatır.
Rahim ağzı etkilenmeden sadece kasılma oluyorsa bu erken doğum tehdididir. Erken doğum tehdidinde kasılmalar başlangıçta ağrısızdır adet dönemindekilere benzer kasılmalar ve kramplar olabilir. Bel ağrısı, alt tarafa baskı devamlı olur. Gebelerin yaklaşık yarısında vaginal akıntıda ani ve ciddi bir artış olur.
Erken doğum eyleminin nedenleri; Anneye ait tıbbi nedenler:
Yüksek tansiyon, annenin kalp hastalığı, böbrek hastalığı, annedeki enfeksiyonlar, aşırı kansızlık, tiroit bezinin fazla çalışması, hepatit, yanık veya travma, cerrahi girişimler, aşırı zayıflık veya aşırı şişmanlık, alkol, sigara, zararlı madde kullanımı.
Gebeliğe ait nedenler:
Sık doğum, önceki gebeliklerde erken doğum, önceki gebeliklerde düşük öyküsü, gebelikte yetersiz ve aşırı kilo alımı, zarların yırtılması, plasenta patolojileri, konjenital fetal anomaliler, amnion suyunun fazlalığı veya azlığı, çoğul gebelik, rahim ağzı patolojileri, rahim anormallikleri.
Bilinmeyen nedenler:
Bu grupta henüz tespit edilememiş nedenler vardır.
Erken doğum eylemini önlemek için ne yapılmalıdır?
lirken eylemin önlenmesinde belirtilerin hasta tarafından farkedilmesi ve doktora müracaatı önemlidir.
Yaşam şekli ve ağır işlerde çalışmak uterus kasılmalarını artırıcı etki gösterir. Iş yükünün azaltılması ve istirahat kasılmaları azaltabilir. İlaç tedavisi de yapılabilir.
Tedavide yapılanlar:
Yatak istirahati, sedasyon, hidrasyon, tokoliz (kasılmaların çeşitli ilaçlarla durdurulması)
Eğer doğum eylemi başlamışsa ve bebek 34 haftadan küçükse akciğer gelişimi için kortizon kullanımı gerekir.
Erken doğum tehdidinin ve erken doğum eyleminin tedavisinde kazanılan her saatin, günün önemi vardır.
Makalenin Kaynağı: Sağlıklı Hamilelik - Dr. Yavuz FuruncuoğluThere is probably not a person alive today who has not told a lie or at the very least misrepresented the truth to some extent.It may have been unintentional or it may have been told to save someone else's feelings, but the truth is that humans have to capacity to lie. Even the youngest of children will lie if they feel that they can escape punishment by doing so. No child is born knowing how to lie, but he/she learns at an early age through the observation of parents or older siblings.
Lying takes several forms and is justified by the liar for so many different reasons. Perhaps one of the most used forms of lying is exaggeration. Most of the time these lies are told to impress someone or to gain "one up" on the person to whom he is speaking. Fish stories are great examples of exaggeration at its best.
It is understandable that someone who lives an anonymous boring life and who has never experienced any fame or admiration might formulate stories to either gain praise or sometimes sympathy for himself, but it is much harder to understand why prominent political figures would fabricate stories of accomplishments or brag about military service that never took place. The polical arena is packed with examples of famous liars.
Recently education has become infested by plagiarism. The problem has become so severe that colleges and universities have had to instate numerous new rules and regulations for the completetion of essays and term papers. The availability of these items online for a nominal fee has made liars and cheats out of many students who otherwise might not have been tempted to seek outside sources. The students who have plagiarized and been caught have given the reason that they did not have the time required in order to complete a good paper. It is obvious that these students are only cheating themselves, because their reputation at the school is destroyed and they themselves have lost the ability to think for themselves in the future.
Greed causes many people to lie. Obvious reasons might be for monetary gain, but many liars do it to obtains status and prestige for themselves or for others. Mothers, for example, sometimes lie and cheat in order to help their daughters become cheerleaders or models. These are sad stories indeed, because the mother is perpetuating the lying by showing the daughter that honesty does not always "pay".
One of the most insidious forms of lying is compulsive lying. This type of deception is so difficult for most people to understand. The compulsive liar will lie when there is no reason. In fact, in most cases the truth would serve them better. It is incomprehensible that there are men and women who actually enjoy lying and feel that it makes them superior to the person being lied to. This is a way for them to gain control over a situation or a person.
Is it possible for a person to live his entire life and get away with every lie he tells? The answer is that possibly for a while, but eventually the truth will win out. Once a trust is broken and faith is destroyed, it is only a matter of time before the person who has told so many lies will never be believed again. The sad part is that many times liars begin to believe their own lies and they become unable to distinguish reality from the world that they have created for themselves. The story of Pinocchio about a young boy who lied so much that he did not realize that he was lying. A spell was cast over him and every time he told a lie, his nose would begin to grow. If the same thing would happen to ordinary people who lie, there would undoubtedly be less liars in the the world and truth would eventually win out.
The truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth has always been the cornerstone of the American justice system. It is the foundation upon which men strive to determine the truth. It has served this nation well for many centuries and will continue to do so in the centuries to come, because it has its origin in the concept that the truth will set you free. Edgar J. Mohn stated it this way, "A lie has speed, but truth has endurance".Tair-分布式K/V结构数据存储系统
1.简介
tair 是淘宝自己开发的一个分布式 key/value 存储引擎. tair 分为持久化和非持久化两种使用方式.
- 1.非持久化的 tair 可以看成是一个分布式缓存。
- 2.持久化的 tair 将数据存放于磁盘中。为了解决磁盘损坏导致数据丢失, tair 可以配置数据的备份数目, tair 自动将一份数据的不同备份放到不同的主机上, 当有主机发生异常, 无法正常提供服务的时候, 其于的备份会继续提供服务 。
Tair具有良好的架构，使得其在可扩展性、数据安全性方面都有较好的表现:
- 基于对照表的灵活、良好的可扩展性
- 轻量级的configserver
- 抽象的存储引擎层，支持添加新的存储引擎
- 自动的复制和迁移，对用户透明
- 多机架和多数据中心的支持
- 插件容器
Tair除了基本的key/value操作外，还提供了一些实用的功能，使得其适用的场景更多：
- 数据的version支持
- 原子计数器支持
- item支持
2.Tair架构与机制
tair 作为一个分布式系统, 是由一个中心控制节点和一系列的服务节点组成. 我们称中心控制节点为config server. 服务节点是data server. config server 负责管理所有的data server, 维护data server的状态信息. data server 对外提供各种数据服务, 并以心跳的形式将自身状况汇报给config server. config server是控制点, 而且是单点, 目前采用一主一备的形式来保证其可靠性. 所有的 data server 地位都是等价的.
3. 数据分布
Tair使用路由表来解决数据的路由问题。简单的路由表包含两列，一列是hash值（我们通常称其为桶——bucket），一列是负责这个hash值的节点。比如：
0 192.168.10.1
1 192.168.10.2
2 192.168.10.1
3 192.168.10.2
4 192.168.10.1
5 192.168.10.2
这里共6个桶，由两台机器负责，每台机器负责3个桶。客户端将key hash后，对6取模，找到负责的数据节点，然后和其直接通信。表的大小（行数）通常会远大于集群的节点数，这和consistent hash中的虚拟节点很相似。
假设我们加入了一台新的机器——192.168.10.3，Tair会自动调整对照表，将部分桶交由新的节点负责，比如新的表很可能类似下表：
0 192.168.10.1
1 192.168.10.2
2 192.168.10.1
3 192.168.10.2
4 192.168.10.3
5 192.168.10.3
在老的表中，每个节点负责3个桶，当扩容后，每个节点将负责2个桶，数据被均衡的分布到所有节点上.
注:tair的分布式策略是通过对照表的方式，hash对应server的结点信息，然后key，hash后取模，以上方式可以很好的增加与删除结点，以及后面所涉及的备份等，考虑的比较全面。我们项目中在实现redis分布式缓存处理时，服务器结点信息做一致性哈希，然后数据key做hash选取对应的结点信息实现，此方式实现，数据能够均均分布，在增加与删除结点时，需要重新init hash的TreeMap，总体来说还是比较平滑.
3.1. 增加或者减少data server的时候会发生什么
当有某台data server故障不可用的时候, config server会发现这个情况, config server负责重新计算一张新的桶在data server上的分布表, 将原来由故障机器服务的桶的访问重新指派到其它的data server中. 这个时候, 可能会发生数据的迁移. 比如原来由data server A负责的桶, 在新表中需要由 B负责. 而B上并没有该桶的数据, 那么就将数据迁移到B上来. 同时config server会发现哪些桶的备份数目减少了, 然后根据负载情况在负载较低的data server上增加这些桶的备份. 当系统增加data server的时候, config server根据负载, 协调data server将他们控制的部分桶迁移到新的data server上. 迁移完成后调整路由. 当然, 系统中可能出现减少了某些data server 同时增加另外的一些data server. 处理原理同上. 每次路由的变更, config server都会将新的配置信息推给data server. 在客户端访问data server的时候, 会发送客户端缓存的路由表的版本号. 如果data server发现客户端的版本号过旧, 则会通知客户端去config server取一次新的路由表. 如果客户端访问某台data server 发生了不可达的情况(该 data server可能宕机了), 客户端会主动去config server取新的路由表.
3.2. 发生迁移的时候data server如何对外提供服务
当迁移发生的时候, 我们举个例子, 假设data server A 要把 桶 3,4,5 迁移给data server B. 因为迁移完成前, 客户端的路由表没有变化, 客户端对 3, 4, 5 的访问请求都会路由到A. 现在假设 3还没迁移, 4 正在迁移中, 5已经迁移完成. 那么如果是对3的访问, 则没什么特别, 跟
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آن را در حال حاضر گرفته شده در بیشتر ضرورت است.
“سیاه و سفید زندگی مهم جنبش است که در واقع به چالش کشیدن همه موسسات در حال حاضر واقعا نگاه introspectively در آنچه که ما می توانید انجام دهید به عادلانه تر بیشتر رایگان,” او گفت:.
“ما راحت با ناراحت کننده گفتگو” Grevemberg اضافه شده است. “ما نیاز به در آغوش گرفتن آن است. ما باید مسئولیت های بیشتری به دلیل مشترک و تاریخ مشترک المنافع.”
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برای همه آخرین اخبار ورزشی, دانلود, Indian Express نرم افزار.مدیر برنامه ریزی و توسعه شرکت ملی صنایع پتروشیمی در گفت و با خبرنگار شانا اظهار کرد: همگام با روند رو به رشد صنعت پتروشیمی ایران از سال ١٣٨٤ تاکنون ٤٩ طرح پتروشیمی به ظرفیت حدود ٣٨ میلیون تن در کشور به بهره برداری رسیده است.
مهندس رمضان اولادی افزود: ٢٩ طرح تا پایان سال ٨٨ و ٢٠ طرح تا دی امسال بهره برداری رسیده و توان تولیدی کشورمان را افزایش داده اند.
اولادی تصریح کرد: طی دوره ١٣٨٤ تا ١٣٩٠ در مجموع ٨ میلیارد دلار و ١٠٥ هزار میلیارد ریال سرمایه گذاری در صنعت پتروشیمی انجام شده است.
مدیر برنامه ریزی و توسعه شرکت ملی صنایع پتروشیمی گفت: مهم ترین هدف های طرح های توسعه ای در صنعت پتروشیمی، استفاده بهینه از منابع هیدروکربوری گازی برای گسترش زنجیره ارزش تولید محصولات پتروشیمی باارزش افزوده بیشتر با اتکا بر استفاده حداکثری از توانمندی های داخلی و جذب سرمایه های بخش خصوصی و افرایش طرح و توسعه است.
به گزارش شانا، معاون وزیر نفت در امور پتروشیمی چندی پیش گفت: ظرفیت تولید نصب شده صنعت پتروشیمی با بهره برداری از چند طرح مهر ماندگار تا پایان کار دولت دهم به ٦٠ میلیون تن خواهد رسید.
عبدالحسین بیات اظهار کرده بود: در آستانه ٥٠ سالگی صنعت پتروشیمی ایران، با تلاش متخصصان و کارشناسان این صنعت به زودی ظرفیت نصب شده صنعت پتروشیمی به ٦٠ میلیون تن خواهد رسید.
مدیرعامل شرکت ملی صنایع پتروشیمی ایران افزوده بود: امروز صنعت پتروشیمی، یکی از استوانه های تاثیرگذار در اقتصاد ایران است و این صنعت موفق شده است سهم عمده ای از صادرات غیر نفتی را به خود اختصاص دهد.
وی افزوده بود: تا کنون بیش از ٥ میلیارد لیتر بنزین و گازوییل از سوی مجتمع های پتروشیمی تولید شده است و افزون بر تولید سایر فرآورده های پتروشیمی در زمینه تامین سوخت مورد نیاز کشور نیز گام های بلندی برداشته ایم.
معاون وزیر نفت در امور پتروشیمی گفته بود: همگام با تکمیل زنجیره ارزش صنایع تکمیلی، دسترسی راحت تری به مواد اولیه پیدا کرده ایم و امروز نقش صنعت پتروشیمی ایران در سطح منطقه و جهان پررنگ تر از گذشته است.Gli inglesi del Pennine Leeds si sono aggiudicati il 23/mo trofeo internazionale di canoa polo Franco Baschirotto a San Giorgio di Nogaro battendi dopo i tempi supplementari i polacchi del Kaniow. La squadra sangiorgina con una vittoria e tre sconfitte nella prima fase non è riuscita a entrare nelle semifinali lasciando spazio a Papperwil-Jona (Svi), Kaniow, Selezione Catalana e Pennine. L’hanno spuntata inglesi e polacchi che hanno poi dato vita a una finale equilibrata e combattuta terminata in parità dopo i tempi regolamentari con ben tre reti per parte. Nei supplementari a decidere è stato il golden gol degli inglesi. Per il terzo posto gli svizzeri hanno battuto gli spagnoli per 3-2 mentre la squadra sangiorgina ha chiuso in ottava posizione. In contemporanea con il Trofeo Baschirotto si è disputato anche un torneo a otto squadre con la partecipazione delle regionali di San Giorgio B, Cus Udine e Cmm Trieste. In finale i ragazzi di casa hanno ceduto al Valencia nei supplementari dopo avere chiuso 4-4 i regolamentari.The United Nations is to halve the food ration to millions of Zimbabweans, bringing it below what will keep an adult alive, as the numbers of people dependent on aid rises sharply and donations from foreign governments fall well short of demand.
The World Food Programme is to cut the core maize ration in February from 10kg to 5kg a month – or just 600 calories a day – for 7 million Zimbabweans, about 70% of the people left in the country. The recommended ration is 12kg a month.
As a result of the cuts, many Zimbabweans will be fortunate to eat once a day. Millions have been left dependent on food aid because of years of crop failures mostly caused by the knock-on effects of the government's seizure of white-owned farms and the collapse of the economy and infrastructure. Most shops sell food only for US dollars because hyperinflation has wiped out the value of the Zimbabwe currency, and what is available is relatively expensive imports beyond the reach of the mass of unemployed and desperate Zimbabweans.
The WFP says it has cut the ration to meet increased demand and cope with a shortfall in donations. It says it requires another $65m to keep feeding Zimbabweans until the end of March. But donors are reluctant to put more resources into the beleaguered African state and what aid there is has been partly diverted to the cholera crisis that has claimed 3,000 lives.
Richard Lee, a WFP spokesman in southern Africa, said that while the calorie count would be boosted by a ration of beans and vegetable oil, recipients of food aid would now have to find additional means to stay alive.
"The new ration falls below what is considered the survival ration. They will be sending their children to hunt for wild fruits or selling the possessions they haven't already sold to buy food," he said. "People will be more vulnerable, they will be more malnourished and they will be more susceptible to disease."
Oxfam is feeding 253,000 in Zimbabwe's Midlands province. One of its workers there, Caroline Gluck, said the organisation relied on food supplied by the WFP and so would be forced to halve the ration.
"Families are being stretched. They're selling livestock, they're selling household goods to buy staple foods," she said. "People told us they were having a meal a day. Sometimes adults are skipping a meal so the children can be fed. They are supplementing what they have with wild fruits.
"But now it's going to be a disaster because people have sold what they can sell. There's very little they can do to supplement their rations. I think it's going to be extremely hard for families, it's going to make them incredibly vulnerable. You look at people and they are already thin, their frames are skin and bone. When you look at the fields you see there's been no agricultural inputs. The soil is little better than sand."
The WFP is already feeding about 4.5 million Zimbabweans, with a coalition of non-governmental organisations distributing to another million. Next month, the total number of Zimbabweans reliant on food aid will rise by 1.5 million.
"We are concerned. The reason we are cutting the ration is so we do provide assistance to everybody who needs food assistance so that we can make sure they can get through these two hungriest and worst months of the year, February and March, before the harvest starts in April," said Lee.
"But on top of that we haven't received all the resources we had hoped for. The donors have been very generous. We've now received over $200m for our operations in Zimbabwe in 2008 and 2009. It's just that the scale of the crisis, the worsening crisis, means that we do require additional resources."
The food shortages are contributing to the rising number of cholera deaths. About 1,000 people have died in the past fortnight, many of them too weak for treatment because they have not had enough to eat. Nearly 58,000 people have been infected.
The food crisis has been compounded by the government's failure to meet a target of importing 800,000 tonnes of maize. It is believed to have bought only 200,000 tonnes.
The April harvest is unlikely to bring relief. Agriculturalists say it will again fail; they estimate it will provide less than a quarter of the country's needs and that drastic food shortages will continue into next year once the results of the harvest have been consumed.Aeroput 是在歐洲成立的第 10 家航空公司，也是今天塞爾維亞航空公司的前身。
今天，我們將了解在歐洲成立的第一家塞爾維亞航空公司和第十家航空公司。1926 年 2 月 6 日，塞爾維亞航空俱樂部發起一項倡議，決定創建一家名為“Aeroput”的航空公司。這家新航空公司在貝爾格萊德證券交易所註冊，但未能籌集到購買飛機所需的現金。到 1927 年，只有 10% 的股份被出售，根據塞爾維亞股份公司法律，Aeroput 處於退市的邊緣。
Tadija Sondermajer 是當時塞爾維亞航空界最傑出的人物，他恰好也是 Aeroput 的董事，他決定促銷航班可能會吸引人們購買他的航空公司的股票。兩人與俄羅斯飛行員列昂尼德·巴伊達克一起從巴黎飛往印度孟買。在 14 天內飛行了近 9,200 英里後，兩人降落在貝爾格萊德，那裡有 30,000 人迎接他們。
促銷航班達到了目的，人們現在購買了 Aeroput 的股票
這次飛行達到了它的目的，新航空公司的所有股份都被收購了。現在，Aeroput 資金充足，購買了四架 Potez 29/2 雙翼飛機，計劃在位於薩瓦河左岸的貝爾格萊德新機場運營。Aeroput 的首次飛行發生在 1928 年 2 月 15 日，將記者從貝爾格萊德運送到薩格勒布。塞爾維亞和克羅地亞首都之間的兩小時航班成為該航空公司的首個定期航班，除週日外每天都有航班。
1937 年，Aeroput 開始駕駛現代洛克希德 10A 型伊萊克特拉飛機
1928 年，Aeroput 加入了國際航空運輸協會 (IATA)，並在貝爾格萊德和維也納之間運營了第一條國際航班，一年後在薩格勒布停靠。到 1930 年，Aeroput 開始了從貝爾格萊德飛往奧地利格拉茨和希臘塞薩洛尼基的國際航班，並在馬其頓的斯科普里停留。
1932 年，Aeroput 擴充了機隊，配備了新的 Farman F.306，一年後又添置了兩架 Caudron C.449 Goéland 單翼飛機和一架de Havilland DH.89 Dragon Rapide。在 1930 年代後期，該航空公司開始使用現代洛克希德Model 10A Electra 更新其機隊，Amelia Earhart 於 1937 年在太平洋上空失踪時駕駛的是同一型號的飛機。
現在，Aeroput 憑藉新飛機擴展了其網絡，開通了從貝爾格萊德到布達佩斯、索非亞和地拉那的航班。在夏季，Aeroput 從貝爾格萊德經米蘭飛往威尼斯，經薩格勒布、維也納和布爾諾飛往布拉格。
Aeroput 在二戰期間停止運營
第二次世界大戰期間，Aeroput 暫停了所有運營。1941 年軸心國入侵巴爾幹半島時，他們沒收了 Aeroput 的所有飛機，實際上使它們停業。戰後，共產黨掌權，將全國所有公司國有化，並在貝爾格萊德建立了一個權力基地，從那裡可以控制該縣的六個自治區。
儘管 Aeroput 及其員工已不復存在，但它成為了國營的 Jugoslovenski Aerotransport 的一部分，大多數人都記得它是 JAT。2013 年，JAT 更名為塞爾維亞航空。那个赛季，在上海申花，外援姆比亚表现出了惊人的现实，主教练崔康熙使他成为了联赛和亚冠联赛的中后卫。
姆比亚一再在禁区发挥救援作用，始终在防御线上不懈地奔跑，覆盖面广，成为上海申花防御线的重要组成部分。
亚足联冠军联赛结束后，姆比亚返回喀麦隆与家人团聚，姆比亚最近在度假时张贴了自己和妻子的照片。
当他看着镜头前时，他所看到的只是他的妻子握着他的手微笑着，Mbia做出了一个“类似”的手势。
同时，姆比亚（Mbia）还张贴了他妻子的照片，当她走在镜头前时，她正扮演uting嘴和顽皮的角色。
从他们两个的合影看，我必须说他们是一对非常夫妻，一对非常好。
Mbia与上海神华之间的合同现已到期，但没有迹象表明上海神华会续签该合同。
此前，有媒体曾传出上海申花可能不会与Mbia续签合同的消息，毕竟Mbia明年将满35岁。虽然他目前在球场上的表现可以说是一个非常投入的敬业球员，但他在35岁以后的表现将令人怀疑。
但是现在姆比亚似乎根本不用担心续约问题。自亚足联结束后，他直接回到喀麦隆与家人团聚。
自从Mbia在今年1月初获得上海申花的免签证待遇以来，Mbia既可以充当中场球员又可以充当中后卫，他的表现非常出色，而且他在球场上展示的技巧和战术水平也不像像一个35岁的游戏玩家一样，疲劳程度正在下降。
如果上海申花不续签与姆比亚的合同，他将处于自由状态并且本赛季表现良好。
365账号可以卖2W啊,您不担心续约吗？神华的外援工作者比亚比亚先生与妻子合影
那个赛季，在上海申花，外援姆比亚表现出了惊人的现实，主教练崔康熙使他成为了联赛和亚冠联赛的中后卫。Every successful musician has a bag of tricks – playing techniques that sound more impressive than they are difficult to play. In this latest video, I demonstrate one of my tricks – a pentatonic scale pattern. It’s versatile and really easy to learn.
To start, you need to know: 1) the key of the song you’re playing, and 2) the major scale for that key. The pentatonic scale is a major scale minus the 4th and 7th notes. We’re left with the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, and 6th notes of the major scale (five notes total).
Because the pentatonic scale leaves out the 4th and 7th, it works with any chord within the key – you can use this pattern pretty much any time you want to.
The scale pattern can start on any pentatonic note. Watch the video for a quick demonstration of this pattern.
To build a strong foundation for improvising, you’ll want to dig into Fluent Piano Melodic. Thanks for watching!Destici: Rusya'nın işgal girişimini reddediyoruz
BBP Genel Başkanı Mustafa Destici, 'Rusya'nın Ukrayna'ya hangi gerekçe olursa olsun, saldırısını, işgal girişimini reddediyoruz.'
Büyük Birlik Partisi (BBP) Genel Başkanı Mustafa Destici, "Rusya'nın Ukrayna'ya hangi gerekçe olursa olsun, saldırısını, işgal girişimini reddediyoruz, tanımıyoruz" dedi.
BBP Genel Başkanı Destici, partisinin Genişletilmiş Divan Toplantısı öncesi gündeme ilişkin değerlendirmelerde bulundu. Destici, Rusya'nın Ukrayna'ya yönelik saldırılarına ilişkin, "Rusya Devlet Başkanının Ukrayna'ya saldırma gerekçelerine baktığımızda ne diyor; "Ukrayna'yı silahsızlandıracağız" diyor. Peki seni kim silahsızlaştıracak? Senin silahlanma, nükleer yapma, nükleer silahlara sahip olma hakkın var; ama Ukrayna'nın yok. Rusya'nın Ukrayna'ya hangi gerekçe ile olursa olsun, saldırısını, işgal girişimini reddediyoruz, tanımıyoruz. Türk devleti fiili olarak bu savaşın bir tarafı değil, bu savaşın bir tarafı da olmamıştır. Hep dengeli bir politika yürütmüştür" dedi.
'RUSYA GENİŞLEME SÜRECİNİ DEVAM ETTİRECEKTİR'
Mustafa Destici, Rusya'nın durdurulmazsa genişleme sürecini devam ettireceğine vurgu yaparak, "Eğer Rusya bugün Ukrayna'da durdurulmazsa, Ukrayna'dan gerekli dersi almazsa yarın genişleme sürecini doğusunda, batısında, güneyinde de sürdüreceğinden kimsenin şüphesi olmasın. Bizim içimizde Moskova artıkları var. Kendisini komünist ya da sosyalist olarak nitelendiren hala bu tür artıklar var. Bunlar ne yapıyor? Rusya'nın işgali ve saldırılarını meşrulaştırma adına NATO'yu, başta ABD olmak üzere Avrupa Birliği ülkelerini suçluyor. Evet biz "onlar suçsuz" demiyoruz, elbette onların da vebali var. Rusya'nın şu anda Ukrayna'ya saldırısını hiçbir şekilde onlar üzerinden açıklayamazlar. Dışişleri Bakanımız TBMM'ye gelerek orada bir bilgilendirme yaptı. Daha önce defalarca izah ettik, bir kez daha izah ediyoruz; PKK'nın uzantılarının
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چون دکتر بهم گفت از روز ۱۶ قاعدگی باید قرص بخورم الان من این خونریزی و قاعدگی حساب کنم یا نه؟
من تنبلی تخمدان داشتم آخرین باری که پیش ماما رفتم بهم گف نمیخاد نگران باشی همین که ازدواج کردی خوب میشی؟
واقعا حرفش درسته؟ میترسم نتونم بعد ازدواجم باردار شم؟The Common European Framework is a framework for the standardisation of language levels. It works by giving verbal descriptions (called descriptors) of the things a language user should be able to do with a language at certain levels. There are 6 levels, extending from A1 to C2, A1 being elementary and C1 being a native user. Here is an example of the general B1 descriptor:
Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. Can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. Can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. Can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes and ambitions and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans.
This descriptor might look so vague as to be almost meaningless. However, the Framework goes into great complexity, with descriptors for all four main skills, and for many micro skills such as information processing, text management, phonology and conversation monitoring and repair, to name a few, with descriptors for all six levels.
Here is an example of a B1 speaking short turn interaction descriptor:
Can start again using a different tactic when communication breaks down.
The descriptors have been arrived at by three means: intuitive thinking, qualitative and quantitative research. Most of the descriptors have been rigorously empirically tested over a wide spectrum of European languages. They are as accurate and as reliable as any descriptions of language competencies are ever going to get.
The practical benefits of the CEF are manifold.
➢ By emphasising competency (language in use), it shifts the whole emphasis of language teaching and testing towards ability in use, rather than simply knowledge of rules. This is a great step forward.
➢ By its scope and detail, it allows assessors and other users to build a profile of different abilities, rather than assigning a number to an overall, theoretical and largely meaningless level, which is how most previous (and some current tests) operate.
➢ It also is a departure from grammar/vocabulary assessment systems, allowing the Framework to be applied to languages which have widely disparate grammatical systems.
➢ In its sheer breadth and depth, it allows curriculum designers, coursebook writers, teachers and learners to be very selective about what areas of the language, and what abilities they want to focus on, without losing some sense of a common measurable standard in their search for a tailor- made individualised syllabus.
Like any big conceptual structure, it has a few faults.
Chief among these is the assumption that low level users are dependent on set-phrases, while high level users are free from this dependency. The Framework states that grammatical competency is the ability to produce sentences and utterances which conform to the rules of grammar as opposed to memorising and reproducing them as fixed formula. This is wrong. Advanced use is not the ability to construct sentences on the hoof from scratch, utilising the rules of grammar, as the Framework authors think, but a combination of grammatical complexity and low-frequency vocabulary usage. Research in computational linguistics is quite unambiguous in attesting to the ubiquitous presence of pre-memorised set-phrases in very advanced users, in all kinds of discourses. This aside, only a few of the descriptors at C1 and C2 level are affected by this.
These practical considerations aside, what’s most interesting, is the philosophical assumptions that underlie the whole project, in particular its essentially European, humanistic impulse. One can see the CEF as the latest in a long line of Humanistic, Enlightenment projects that sought to encompass, encode and describe all domains of human knowledge: Diderot’s Encylopedia, Grimms’ Worterbuch, Johnson’s Dictionary. The anonymous authors of the Framework go out of their way to emphasise the holistic, individualistic aspect of language use and learning: no two users of a language, whether native speakers of foreign learners have exactly the same competences or develop them in the same way. The accompanying documents, in which the underlying assumptions of the whole project are described, encompass a long tradition of European thought, from the pre-Socratic philosophers to Kant’s phenomenology to the latest research in neurobiology.
The CEF aims at total flexibility of use without sacrificing a useful set of universal standards, and it largely succeeds in this aim.Ağaçları gösteren etiketler, herhangi bir odada çalışacak dekoratif bir unsurdur, ancak özellikle yatak odası, çocuk odası veya ev ofisi için önerilir. Duvarları, ofis ekipmanlarını, mobilyaları, kapıları, pencere çerçevelerini ve aynaları süslemek için kullanılabilirler. Ağaçları gösteren etiketler, evin herhangi bir düz yüzeyi için uygun olduğu için birçok düzenleme olanağı sağlar. Sadece masanızın veya yatağınızın üzerindeki duvarı canlandırmakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda lekeli bir yemek masası, eski mobilyalar yenileyebilir veya dizüstü bilgisayarınızı kişiselleştirebilirsiniz - herhangi bir kısıtlama yoktur. Çıkartmaların ek bir avantajı, tekrar kullanılabilir olmalarıdır. Ve bu, onlar sayesinde odanın düzeninde sık sık değişiklik yapabileceğiniz anlamına gelir. Özellikle sakin, dinlendirici bir atmosfer olması gereken odalara veya ağaçlara odaklanmamız gereken odalar için ağaçlı çıkartmalar önerilir. Bu nedenle, özellikle yatak odası, çocuk odası veya ev ofisi için önerilir. Bitki motifleri çok şık ve herhangi bir stile uyuyor, bu yüzden onları oturma odası, yemek odası, mutfak, banyo, doktor ofisi veya şirket merkezini dekore etmek için başarıyla kullanabilirsiniz. ... devamını
En az 2 karakter girin
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Pixers'in kullanıcı dostu olmasını sağlamak amacıyla cookies dosyalarını kullanmaktayız. Sitemizi ziyaret ederek Gizlilik Politikamızı kabul etmiş oluyorsunuz. Çerez dosyalarının kaydedilmesi ve bunlara erişim ile ilgili şartları tarayıcınızın ayarlarından değiştirebilirsiniz.Acidi e basi sono due classi di composti chimici importanti, con cui veniamo a contatto tutti i giorni nella nostra vita quotidiana. Limoni, arance e aceto sono esempi di sostanze acide, mentre i detersivi che utilizziamo per pulire la nostra casa (per esempio ammoniaca o bicarbonato) sono esempi di sostanze basiche.
Learning object a cura del Liceo Scientifico Sportivo "Enrico Fermi" di Velletri
Docente Federica De GoriÈ diventato virale negli ultimi giorni un video pubblicato dal dottor Juan Rivera, cardiologo e internista del John Hopkins University Hospital,
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through a braking device, in readiness to break a potential fall.
3. To cause to stop.
1. To be made secure.
2. Used in the imperative as an order to stop: Belay there!
1. The act of belaying a climber.
2. A system of ropes and anchors by which a climber is belayed.
vb, -lays, -laying or -layed
1. (Nautical Terms) nautical to make fast (a line) by securing to a pin, cleat, or bitt
2. (Nautical Terms) (usually imperative) nautical to stop; cease
3. (Mountaineering) mountaineering to secure (a climber) to a mountain by tying the rope off round a rock spike, piton, nut, etc
(Mountaineering) mountaineering the attachment (of a climber) to a mountain by tying the rope off round a rock spike, piton, nut, etc, to safeguard the party in the event of a fall. See also running belay
[Old English belecgan; related to Old High German bileggen, Dutch beleggen]
1. to fasten (a rope) by winding around a pin or short rod.
a. to secure (a person) by one end of a rope.
b. to secure (a rope) by attaching to a person or to an object.
3. to belay a rope.
4. (used chiefly in the imperative) to stop; cease; quit.n.
5. something, as a rock or bush, sturdy enough to anchor a rope in mountain climbing.
[before 900; Middle English beleggen, Old English belecgan]
Past participle: belayed
Switch to new thesaurus
|Noun||1.||belay - something to which a mountain climber's rope can be secured|
|Verb||1.||belay - turn a rope round an object or person in order to secure it or him|
|2.||belay - fasten a boat to a bitt, pin, or cleat|
1. To prevent the occurrence or continuation of a movement, action, or operation:İLİŞKİLİ HABERLER
O eski halinden eser yok şimdi
O eski halinden eser yok şimdi
Maçı seyreden Fenerbahçelilerin, "Geçen seneki takım, bu Porto'yu rahat yenerdi" serzenişleri arasında geçen karşılaşma, sarı-lacivertli takım için felaket oldu 2 dakikada iki gol yiyen, rakip kaleye son 10 dakika hariç inemeyen F.Bahçe, gruba sonunculukla başladı. Yenilen 3. gol, iş averaj hesaplarına kalırsa F.Bahçe'nin başını ağrıtabilir ..
Erken yediği goller sonrası zor bir maç yaşayan F.Bahçe, son dakikalarda beraberlik kovalarken yediği golle Porto'ya 3-1 yenildi ve Devler Ligi'ne puansız başladı. F.Bahçe'nin üzerindeki kara bulutları düşünerek izlemeye başladığımız maçın ilk 30 dakikası kabus oldu. Değil şut atmak, kaleye gidemeyen temsilcimiz karşısında Porto sahayı dilediğince kullanıyordu. Geçen yılki Avrupalı F.Bahçe'nin yerinde 'yeller' esiyordu. Golü de erken gördük kalemizde. 11'de Lisandro 1-0 yaparken Porto akın akın üzerimize geliyordu. Hataların ardı kesilmezken 13'te Rodriguez'in ortasında Lucho skoru 2-0 yaptı. 26'da Selçuk'un inanılmaz hatasında Lisandro bu kez dışarı vurdu. Bu dakikalarda Porto frene basmıştı. 29'da F.Bahçe ilk atağında golü buldu. Uğur ortaladı, Alex kafayla vurdu, Helton çeldi, Güiza tamamladı: 2-1. Sarı-lacivertliler ikinci atağını 44'te yaptı. Alex'in ortasını Selçuk-Lugano ikilisi tamamlayamadı. Devreyi F.Bahçe 2 kez rakip kaleye giderek tamamlayabilirken 1 gol umudun adı oldu. İkinci yarıda da Porto dağınık görüntüsünü sürdürünce F.Bahçe için zaman zaman beraberlik şansı geldi. Ama ilk kornerini 83'te atabilen temsilcimizde düzen adına pek bir şeyin gözükmemesi umudu gerçeğe çeviremedi. Bu arada 48'de Yasin'in hatasında Mariano jest yaparcasına dışarı attı. 85'te Carlos'un ortasında Guiza boş bir pozisyonda dışarı atamadı. Josico'nun 7 dakika oynayabilip çıkması, Selçuk'un bireysel hataları, Maldonado'nun etkisizliği, Emre'nin 20. dakikadan itibaren eli belinde görüntüsü geçen yılın görünmeyen manzaralarıydı. Bir de karşılıklı garip hatalar vardı ki mücadeleyi mahalle maçına çevirdi. Bu anlardan birinde +92'de Lugano kaptırdı, Lino da 3-1 yaparak takımını rahatlattı. Sonuç F.Bahçe adına puansız bir başlangıç oldu. Eksiklerin dönmesi çözüm olur mu derseniz, bazı değişimler olmazsa zor gibi...
*FENERBAHÇE - PORTO KARŞILAŞMASINDAN KARELER...
İLİŞKİLİ HABERLER
O eski halinden eser yok şimdi
Yayın tarihi: 18 Eylül 2008, Perşembe
Web adresi: http://www.sabah.com.tr/2008/09/18//haber,AB30231F678C4E248CE99CF34BC65334.html
Tüm hakları saklıdır.
Copyright © 2003-2008, TURKUVAZ GAZETE DERGİ BASIM A.Ş.Ieri sera il Pentagono ha detto che i bombardamenti americani e l'azione militare dei curdi ha spezzato di fatto l'assedio che i guerriglieri dello Stato islamico hanno imposto alla comunità degli Yazidi, asserragliati sulla montagna di Sinjar, nel nord dell'Iraq.
Gli agenti delle forze speciali americane e britanniche inviati sul luogo per valutare l'opportunità di un blitz per liberare le migliaia di persone bloccate hanno trovato meno Yazidi di quanti pensassero, segno che i corridoi notturni dei peshmerga per portare via da Sinjar i "prigionieri" hanno funzionato meglio del previsto.
Il segretario Chuck Hagel ha spiegato in serata che queste informazioni rendono "meno probabile" l'operazione delle forze speciali di cui si è rumoreggiato parecchio in questi giorni dalle parti della Casa Bianca. Barack Obama può considerarlo un primo successo della sua azione militare in Iraq, strettamente limitata alla difesa degli interessi e del personale americano nel Kurdistan e alla protezione della minoranza yazida. Rimane
il problema della visione strategica del presidente per opporsi
all'espansione del Califfato di Abu Bakr al Baghdadi.
Nel fine settimana Hillary Clinton ha ingaggiato una polemica postuma con Obama sulla soluzione che lei aveva invano sostenuto quand'era segretario di stato: armare i ribelli siriani, favorendo così la nascita di un'opposizione moderata al regime di Bashar el Assad, evitando la creazione di pericolosi vuoti di potere che immancabilmente vengono riempiti dai peggiori attori in circolazione. In questo caso lo Stato islamico.
Per Obama l'idea che la soluzione dei problemi di Siria e Iraq passasse per le armi pesanti consegnate a infidi ribelli assai poco addestrati è sempre stata una "fantasia", addirittura "horseshit", una stronzata, come l'ha chiamata in un incontro a porte chiuse.
Il divario fra Hillary e Obama mostra un approccio radicalmente diverso alla politica estera e circa il ruolo dell'America nel mondo: l'ex segretario è muscolare e guidata da una bussola ideale, il presidente un realista che fa oculati calcoli fra costi e benefici e valuta le situazioni caso per caso.
La comunità degli esperti di politica estera si è divisa fra sostenitori dell'ipotesi con controprove puramente ipotetiche di Hillary e l'inazione di Obama che ha aperto le porte allo Stato islamico.
Nessuno può sapere come sarebbe cambiata la situazione sul campo se la Casa Bianca avesse deciso di armare e addestrare seriamente i ribelli siriani. Quello che si può provare a indovinare appoggiandosi sulla storia e sulla scienza bellica è se in frangenti politici e militari analoghi la decisione di una potenza di aiutare un gruppo ribelle per scardinare un regime non ha prodotto buoni risultati. "La letteratura in materia non è affatto incoraggiante", ha scritto Marc Lynch, professore di scienze politiche alla George Washington University: "In generale il sostegno a gruppi ribelli rende le guerre più lunghe, più sanguinose e più complicate da risolvere".
I ricercatori Aysegul Aydin e Patrick Regan in uno studio sostengono che "l'appoggio esterno a un gruppo ribelle funziona quando i due soggetti condividono la stessa prospettiva e collaborano per dirigere gli sforzi vero un obiettivo comune",
circostanza che difficilmente si può applicare al composito e fumoso fronte dei ribelli siriani. Soprattutto, si trattava di distinguere i ribelli "moderati" dai miliziani che avrebbero potuto, per interesse o ideologia, unirsi alle forze più estremista una volta entrati in possesso degli equipaggiamenti americani.
Per Lynch "l'idea che la moderazione di questi gruppi potesse essere testata con tale sicurezza da affidare poi loro armamenti avanzati non aveva alcun senso considerata la realtà del conflitto in Siria".
Le ricerche di Fotini Christia sull'Afghanistan e la Bosnia e quelle di Jonah Shulhofer-Wohl sulla Siria suggeriscono che i gruppi che non hanno una struttura istituzionale quasi sempre mostrano una tendenza a cambiare alleanza. Le coalizioni che si coagulano sul campo, avendo come unico collante il nemico comune, non offrono garanzie sufficienti a una potenza che deve
fare pianificazioni strategiche. La controprova che la posizione di Hillary non fosse più valida di quella di Obama non esiste, ma di fronte al fallimento della strategia perseguita è molto facile convincersi che l'opzione scartata fosse certamente la migliore. Storia e strategia militare suggeriscono di non correre così in fretta alle conclusioni.An unusual version of a gene appears to protect against enteric fever
A study looking for links between genes and susceptibility to enteric fever has found that people who carry a specific version of a gene are nearly five times less likely to have the disease. This finding by an A*STAR-led team could lead to better vaccines to prevent the serious disease, also known as typhoid, that is caused by Salmonella bacteria.
Enteric fever, while rare in the developed world because of better sanitation, is still endemic in many low-income countries. It affects almost 27 million people annually.
The DNA from 432 Vietnamese people with confirmed enteric fever was compared with DNA from over 2,000 Vietnamese free from the illness, in a study led by Chiea Chuen Khor of A*STAR's Genome Institute of Singapore and Sarah Dunstan of the University of Melbourne, Australia.
People who had a particular variant of the HLA-DRB1 gene were nearly five times less likely to have enteric fever than those without it, the researchers found. This gene codes for a protein that displays molecules from foreign organisms on the surface of human cells (known as antigen presentation), which enables the immune system to learn to recognize and fight them.
"These results tell us that HLA-DRB1 is very important in combating infection from Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi, the bacteria which cause enteric fever. It could provide valuable insights for improving the existing vaccine design for S. typhi, which has only limited efficacy, and developing a vaccine for S. paratyphi, for which no vaccine currently exists," says Khor.
Khor had a hunch that a gene from the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) family might prove important. "For diseases of infection, immunity or inflammation there is usually no half-way house with HLA. Most of the time, you see either a very strong association or no association at all."
Much is known about the genetics of the Salmonella bacteria and how they cause disease, but, until this study, little was known about how human genetics affects response to the infection, says Khor.
As with many genes, there is a trade-off—"the same version of the gene that protects against enteric fever is also known to increase susceptibility to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease," he warns.
Salmonella infection can lead to a variety of conditions, of which enteric fever is the most serious. It is caught by consuming fecally contaminated food or water and is fatal in 10–25 per cent of patients without access to antibiotics.هشدار غنی به نامزد وزيران: اگر به وكيلان پول داديد، نام تان را حذف مى كنم
رئیس جمهور غنی به نامزد وزیران کابینه گوشزد می کند که در صورت معامله پولی با اعضای مجلس نمایندگان از فهرست حذف خواهند شد.
آقای غنی این اظهارات را در آستانه معرفی 12 نامزد وزیر به مجلس نمایندگان برای کسب رای اعتماد بیان می کند.
شاه حسین مرتضوی، سرپرست دفتر سخنگوی ریاست جمهوری می گوید: “هر نامزد وزیری که برای کسب رای اعتماد از ولسی جرگه وارد معامله پولی شود، از فهرست نامزدان حذف می گردد.”
پیش از این عبدالباری جهانی وزیر پیشین اطلاعات و فرهنگ نیز بر این اتهام مهر تایید گذاشته است.
برگزاری مهمانی ها پیش از روند معرفی نامزدان به مجلس میان نامزدان و شماری از اعضای مجلس انتقاد های دیگر است که بیان می شود.
اما معاون دوم مجلس نمایندگان این اتهام را بی بنیاد دانسته می گوید: همه اتهام ها برای بد نامی مجلس صورت گرفته است.
نذیراحمد احمدزی، معاون دوم مجلس نمایندگان اظهار داشت: “باید به اثبات رسیده شود که پول را کی دریافت کرده است و نیاز است برای مبارزه با فساد به تمام بخش ها توجه شود. باید گفت یک نهاد را متهم کردن غیر قانونی است.”
فساد در نهاد های دولتی همواره از انتقاد مردم و کشور های متحد افغانستان بوده است اما رئیس جمهور غنی در نشست روز چهارشنبه کابینه از وزیران کابینه خواست که با طرح های جدید در عملی شدن استراتیژی مبارزه با فساد نیز اقدام جدی کنند.When Lydia Villa-Komaroff was nine years old, she knew she wanted to be a scientist. What she didn't know was that she was destined to become one of the most influential role models in the U.S. Hispanic community. Ms. Villa-Komaroff, who was only the third Mexican-American woman to gain a Ph.D. in science from an American university, has inspired thousands of Hispanic students nationwide.
After working in research for 20 years, during which she worked with Nobel Laureate Walter Gilbert's team that discovered bacteria could be manipulated to produce insulin, Ms. Villa-Komaroff left the academy to join the business sector. She is currently CEO of Cytonome, a biotechnology company building the first optical human cell sorter for therapeutic use.
Ms. Villa-Komaroff nonetheless considers her work with minority students as her greatest achievement outside the laboratory. She likes igniting passion for education and science in young minds.
She travels the country, as part of her work, talking to students of all ages, from kindergartners to graduate students. "I use my work as a spring board to science in general," she explained. "I also use my own path and life story as an example of how they might proceed."
"Children need to be able to envision themselves [in a career]," she said. "Having role models is extremely important."
'Scientist Of The Year'
Students listen to her because when it comes to science, she projects authority. She was recently selected as the 2008 National Hispanic Scientist of the Year by The Museum of Science & Industry for promoting "a greater public understanding of science and motivating an interest in science among today's youth."
While growing up in Santa Fe, New Mexico, she became fascinated with science. Her parents, both teachers, nurtured her interest by buying encyclopedias.
A founding member of the Society for the Advancement of Chicano and Native Americans in Science, Ms. Villa-Komaroff said that when she saw only six students and 15 faculty members attend the initial meeting in 1973, "It was clear that outreach and mentoring were part of what I had to do."
Hispanic Science Interest Growing
Her work recruiting Hispanics into the sciences includes supporting students in completing their degrees. She holds a Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and credits mentors she found with keeping her on track. "That's why mentoring is important to me," said Ms. Villa-Komaroff. "It's also the inevitable consequence of being the eldest in a family of six kids." One of her chief advisors was Mr. Gilbert, who led her into the biotechnology business.
Ms. Villa-Komaroff is optimistic about the future. "More Hispanics students are expressing an interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics," she said. "We continue to be seriously under-represented in these very satisfying fields, especially in positions of influence, ... but as more women and minorities get into the field, things will get better."
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Caserta et al. (2022) tested white-tailed deer harvested by hunters for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) during the 2020 and 2021 hunting seasons in New York State. Test results found only 0.6 percent virus occurrence in 2020, but 21.1 percent occurrence in 2021, including all three variants (Alpha, Gamma, and Delta). The variants were present in deer long after they had subsided in the local human population. This presents an example of wildlife acting as a “reservoir” for a virus that can infect other species. Still, it seems odd that a specific disease or pathogen can infect mammals, including humans, as well as birds.
Aquatic birds of the world are the reservoirs for all influenza A viruses, and the virus is spread by fecal-oral transmission in untreated water. Transmission involves mutational or recombinational events and can occur through fecal contamination of unprocessed avian protein, e.g. animals preying upon infected birds or drinking contaminated water. The transmission of avian influenza viruses or virus genes to humans is postulated to occur through pigs that act as the intermediate host5. Once avian influenza viruses are established in mammals, they are transmitted from animal to animal by the respiratory airborne route.
While disease outbreaks and spread may be somewhat manageable among livestock and poultry populations, controlling disease spread in wildlife is complicated due to the free movement of wild animals. Brucellosis presents a textbook case study.
Cattle introduced brucellosis to the Yellowstone area in the early 1900s and transmitted it to local wildlife populations. The disease has supposedly been eliminated from domestic livestock in the US, yet it remains in the bison and elk populations of the Greater Yellowstone Area6. Like many zoonotic diseases, brucellosis has not significantly threatened wildlife populations.
Understanding animal travel and contact networks is imperative to understanding the potential movement and risk of a disease – information that is not readily available for wild animals, particularly when facing a novel disease.
Researchers have studied ecological niche modelling as a means of predicting disease spread within and among wildlife populations, but data on levels of infection in wildlife are often scarce, open to bias, and insufficient for the assessment of cross-species transmission. Complexities in wildlife populations including host movement, variation in host population size, density, and contact rates, unpredictable variation in climate, and species differences in the host–pathogen relationship lead to low model predictability. Johnson et al. (2019) found that adapting the traditional biotic, abiotic, and movement framework of ecological niche models by summarizing the interaction of three factors – dynamically linked biotic interactors, unlinked abiotic stressors, and dispersal capacity – improves model prediction capability. A practical application for common wildlife species seems unlikely; however, modelling disease spread
with high predictability may allow wildlife managers to avoid significant population-level effects from novel and highly virulent pathogens for known distributions of threatened and endangered species.
The complexities involving host-pathogen interactions are utterly fascinating, but in the grand scheme of life and potential impacts on species at the population level, the discussion may be academic. Animals and pathogens evolve continually together, each modifying their defense or attack strategy in a game of win, lose, or draw – the draw being the common outcome when an animal endures symptoms from the pathogen, recovers, and builds immunity.
Although unnerving, the cross-species spread of pathogens rarely leads to significant population-level effects. These interactions represent the pathology continuum that ebbs and flows through time. Take caution when handling game that appears to be sick and cook it thoroughly if it must be consumed.
You can read more about the effects of avian influenza on wild birds at Harvesting Nature.
Avian influenza – Unprecedented Spread Among Wild Birds – Harvesting Nature
Trifonov V, H Khiabanian, and R Rabadan. 2009. Geographic dependence, surveillance, and origins of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus. The New England Journal of Medicine 361 (2): 115–19.
Miller, RS, SJ Sweeny, C Slootmaker, DA Grear, PA Di Salvo, D Kiser, and SA Shwiff. 2017. Cross-species transmission between wild pigs, livestock, poultry, wildlife, and humans: implications for disease risk management in North America. Scientific Reports 7:7821 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-07336-z.
Fong, IW. 2017. Animals and mechanisms if disease transmission. In Emerging Zoonoses: Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century. Springer International Publishing DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-50890-0_2.
Caserta, LC, M Martins, SL Butt, NA Hollingshead, LM Covaleda, S Ahmed, MRR Everts, KL Schuler, and DG Diel. 2022. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) may serve as a wildlife reservoir for nearly extinct SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 120(6), https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2215067120.
Webster, RG. 1997. Influenza virus: transmission between species and relevance to emergence of the next human pandemic In O Kaaden, C Czerny, and W Eichhorn, eds., Viral zoonoses and food of animal origin. Springer Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6534-8.
Brucellosis – Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park Service) (nps.gov)
Morgan, ER, M Lundervold, GF Medley, BS Shaikenov, PR Torgerson, EJ Milner-Gulland. 2006. Biological Conservation 131:244-254.
Johnson, EE, LE Escobar, and C Zamrana-Torrelio. 2019. An ecological framework for modeling the geography of disease transmission. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 34(7):655-668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2019.03.004.大型医用大麻生产商实现了良好的气味控制，并符合加拿大卫生部的规定。
该客户位于加拿大安大略省，根据加拿大《医用大麻用于医疗目的》法规获得许可。该公司是该行业的关键参与者，并经营着加拿大最大的设施之一，拥有超过15万平方英尺的生产工厂，具有医用大麻的许可。
种植大麻的过程产生一种强烈的气味，特别是当植物较大或处于开花阶段时。加拿大卫生部建议适当的通风和使用适当的过滤系统，以防止花粉、其他颗粒和气味逸出。为符合行业规范，客户要求安装高品质的颗粒和分子过滤。
客户联系了Camfil，并与我们的分子过滤专家讨论了他们的应用。在检讨气味控制需求后，Camfil提出一项建议，包括安装预过滤器、XH Absolute® HEPA过滤器和CamCarb® CGcylinders. 24英寸长的塑料筒和适当等级的活性炭都是有效气味控制解决方案的关键组成部分。为了获得最佳的分子过滤性能，Camfil还对温度和相对湿度提出了建议。
医用大麻工厂安装了多个气味控制系统。最终用户告知Camfil，大麻的气味得到了有效控制，两年多来他们没有收到邻居的投诉。Camfil还为最终用户提供实验室服务，用于监测分子过滤介质的状况，并估算CamCarb CG的剩余寿命。客户表示满意，并希望与Camfil就未来的设施扩建事宜进行联系。
XH Absolute® HEPA过滤器和CamCarb CG碳筒的组合使用防止了其他颗粒、花粉和气味的逃逸。به گزارش پایگاه خبری - تحلیلی «شهر فردا»،
ایرج مظفر در گفت و گو با خبرنگاران اظهارکرد: منطقه ۱۱ شهرداری اصفهان یکی از مناطق کمبرخوردار شهر اصفهان است و به جهت موقعیت و بافت خاص، پروژه هایی متفاوت برای آن تعریف شده است.
وی با اشاره به تامین آب مورد نیاز برای آبیاری فضای سبز منطقه ۱۱، افزود: امسال برای تامین آب مورد نیاز برای آبیاری فضای سبز بودجه مناسبی برای منطقه ۱۱ در نظر گرفته شده تا از پساب تصفیه شده شاهین شهر استفاده شود.
معاون عمران شهری شهردار اصفهان ادامه داد: در سالجاری یک منبع آب در منطقه ۱۱ با صرف اعتباری افزون بر دو میلیارد و ۷۰۰ میلیون تومان احداث میشود که مراحل پایانی آن در حال انجام است.
وی با اشاره به پروژههای مشارکتی منطقه ۱۱، تصریح کرد: یکی از پروژههای مشارکتی این منطقه «پردیسهای سینمایی مهتاب» است که برای احداث آن شهرداری منطقه حدود ۳۰۰ میلیارد سرمایهگذاری کرده و مابقی اعتبارات مورد نیاز توسط سرمایه گذار بخش خصوصی تامین خواهد شد.
مظفر با بیان اینکه پردیسهای سینمایی مهتاب اوایل سال آینده مورد بهرهبرداری قرار میگیرد، ادامه داد: با افتتاح پردیسهای سینمایی مهتاب به عنوان نخستین سینمای غرب اصفهان، شهروندان شمال و غرب شهر میتوانند فیلمهای روز کشور را در این مجموعه مشاهده کنند.
وی گفت: شهرداری منطقه ۱۱ امسال در بازسازی و احیاء بافت تاریخی حمام رهنان ۲۰۰ میلیون تومان هزینه کرده و در صدد جذب مشارکت کننده بخش خصوصی برای اتمام و بهرهبرداری از این پروژه است.
معاون عمران شهری شهردار اصفهان با بیان اینکه هفت میلیارد تومان پروژه عمرانی و مشارکتی در شهرداری منطقه ۱۱ در حال اجرا است، تصریح کرد: خوشبختانه در حال حاضر ۸۰ درصد بودجه خالص عمرانی منطقه ۱۱ جذب شده است.
وی ادامه داد: منطقه ۱۱ با آزادسازی کارخانه روغن نباتی اقدامی بسیار بزرگی را انجام داد زیرا فعالیت آن مشکلات زیستمحیطی زیادی برای منطقه ۱۱ و ساکنان خیابان امام خمینی به وجود آورده بود.一、浇水过多
黄瓜开花后，小黄瓜就枯萎了，可能是浇水过多的原因。黄瓜本身不耐水涝，一旦出现浇水过多的情况，会影响到结果，导致闷根，从而引起小黄瓜枯萎、腐烂。黄瓜生长阶段应该要合理浇水，保持见干见湿的原则，不能在土壤中出现积水，尤其是在开花结果时要适当控水。
二、肥害影响
黄瓜不喜浓肥，不喜生肥，如果在开花结果期施加了过多浓肥或生肥，或者是施肥过多，会导致肥害，导致根系被烧死，引起果实枯萎发黄，逐渐腐烂。黄瓜要合理追施肥料，开花结果期要补充好足够的养分，但是不能出现积肥过多的问题，可适当喷施磷酸二氢钾肥料。
三、感染病害
黄瓜养殖不当会感染病害，比如染上枯萎病，果实会逐渐枯黄腐烂，出现落果的现象。黄瓜日常养殖时要加强通风，病害高发期提前喷药预防，发病之后，及时修剪掉病害枝叶，对土壤消毒杀菌处理，往黄瓜上喷百菌清药物。
四、长期阴雨
黄瓜在坐果期间需要保证好充足的光照，如果遇到长期阴雨天气，光照不足，光合作用无法进行，影响到长势，也会导致小黄瓜枯萎。Media refers to the diverse concepts of technology and message. Impact of media is created in the process of production, presentation and receiving which involves both journalist and the audience as well. Alcohol, tobacco and other drug prevention therefore involves media education, advocacy, lobbying and building media literacy, engaging every step of the process.
Media is Powerfu
Sri Lanka has approximately 23 television stations currently operating in the country. Most stations are accessible at rural households resulting in attracting and retaining a large television viewership in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka is a highly literate country with higher media use. As quoted in the Department of Census and Statistics (2009/10) 79 percent of the rural communities have televisions at home in Sri Lanka. However the television viewership is not proportionate to the TV sets available in Sri Lanka as the guest viewing is common among rural community where people without televisions watch them at the homes of neighbors.
There are 23 television stations operating in Sri Lanka, with more than 100 satellite channels accessible at rural households resulting in attracting and retaining a large television viewership in Sri Lanka.
|Television viewing patterns Program||Children %|
According to UNDA Sri Lanka and the university of Kelaniya (2003 ) Only 1 out of 5 children watch television at 4.00-6.00 children belt. 75% of the children watch during 8.00 to 9.30 family belt.
Alcohol and Media
Sri Lanka has made great progress through media, particularly in the fields of health and education and also in improving the social life in one sense. Media therefore has a huge potential to benefit as well as bear an impact on the society.
News, Tele Dramas, Films, and musical programs are very popular and they reach out to all age groups in society depending on their interests. The impact of these programmes on all age groups cannot be measured simply on the entertainment value it creates but also on the educational value.What the media has been teaching us has been studied in depth in Sri Lanka. This is what it does in relation to Alcohol education!
Media education is the process of teaching and learnhng a bout media.It is about developing people’s critical and creative abilities about media. Media education is used effectively in alcohol and tobacco prevention to educate journalists,.
providing an opportunity for journalists to critically analyze media messages created by them and leading to media literacy among journalists and the general public . Smoking causes Sexual Impotence
Media campaigns were conducted island wide so as to make general people aware of the pictorial warning requirement of packs and cartons of tobacco products and supported actions by other civil groups in this regard as well
Media literacy and advocacy intervention
Media literacy and advocacy intervention are considered as an important component consisted of competences that enable people to critically
Media literacy explores
Media literacy- training of trainers
Field level Activities
Media education is used effectively in alcohol and tobacco prevention to educate journalists, providing an opportunity for journalists to critically analyze media messages created by them and leading to media literacy among journalists and the general public .IBM and Mars Launch Pioneering Effort to Drive Advances in Global Food Safety
News Feb 06, 2015
Scientists from IBM Research and Mars, Incorporated have established the Consortium for Sequencing the Food Supply Chain, a collaborative food safety platform that will leverage advances in genomics to further our understanding of what makes food safe a collaborative food safety platform that will leverage advances in genomics to further our understanding of what makes food safe.
Protecting the global food supply is a monumental public health challenge. In the U.S. alone, one in six people are affected by food-borne diseases each year, resulting in 128,000 hospitalizations, 3,000 deaths, and $9 billion in medical costs. Another $75 billion worth of contaminated food is recalled and discarded annually.
As the food supply chain becomes more global and complex, new, innovative approaches that use genetic data to better understand and improve food safety are emerging, holding the promise of unparalleled insight and understanding of the total supply chain. In support of this goal, the consortium will conduct the largest-ever metagenomics study to categorize and understand micro-organisms and the factors that influence their activity in a normal, safe factory environment. This work could be extended into the larger context of the food supply chain -- from farm to fork -- and lead to new insights into how microorganisms interact within a factory ecology and be better controlled by new data and science-driven practices.
As a first step, the consortium’s scientists will investigate the genetic fingerprints of living organisms such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses and how they grow in different environments, including countertops, factories, and raw materials. This data will be used to further investigate how bacteria interact, which could result in completely new ways to view supply chain food safety management.
“The Consortium for Sequencing the Food Supply Chain has the potential to revolutionize food safety, providing a powerful tool to identify and address new threats on an unprecedented scale, enabling critical breakthroughs in global food safety,” said Dave Crean, Vice President, Corporate Research and Development, Mars, Incorporated. “We are excited to be working with IBM Research on this, and look forward to welcoming additional partners in the future to help drive global innovation in genomics, food, and agriculture.”
While many food companies such as Mars already have rigorous processes in place to ensure food safety risks are managed appropriately, this pioneering application of genomics will enable an in-depth understanding and categorization of micro-organisms on a much bigger scale than has previously been possible.
“Genome sequencing serves as a new kind of microscope – one that uses data to peer deeply into our natural environment to uncover insights that were previously unknowable,” said Jeff Welser, Vice President and Lab Director, IBM Research - Almaden. “By mining insights from genomic data, we’re seeking to understand how to identify, interpret and ultimately create healthy and protective microbial management systems within the food supply chain.”
The consortium’s research will initially focus on select raw materials and factory environments but will ultimately extend up and down the entire food supply chain and include applications for farmers.
Understanding soil microorganisms, for example, will be crucial to helping farmers learn how to protect their plants from pathogens while ensuring healthy growth and nutrient uptake.
The first data samples will be gathered at Mars-owned production facilities, while IBM’s genomics, healthcare and analytics experts will utilize IBM’s Accelerated Discovery THINKLab, a unique collaborative research environment, for the large-scale computational and data requirements of this initiative. Beyond the research, data and findings will be presented in a systematic way to enable affordable and widespread use of these testing techniques.
As the food supply chain becomes more global and complex, better approaches to ensuring safe food are needed, this consortium aims to take food safety to a new level through unparalleled insight and understanding of the total supply chain.Rustici al pesto: le chioccioline
Versate la farina in una scodella, fate una fontanella e sbriciolatevi il lievito.
Aggiungete lo zucchero e riempite la fontanella con 100 ml d'acqua calda.
Fate lievitare per circa 15 minuti.
Dopodichè aggiungete la panna e il sale ed impastate bene il tutto.
Fate lievitare in un luogo caldo e senza correnti d'aria per circa 45 minuti.
Riscaldate il forno a 170° C calore statico sopra e sotto.
Per il ripieno mescolate il
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与此同时，国际民航组织和各国民航管理部门纷纷加快推进新技术的研发使用。其中，航空器尾流重新分类（RECAT）作为备受重视的一项新技术，目前已经在多个国家得到持续推进。中国民航结合发展需求，将其列为重点推进的管制新技术之一。
为防止航空器进入前机尾涡流场所引起的俯仰、滚转、失速等危险情况，国际民航组织制定了基于实践经验的尾流间隔标准。现行航空器尾流间隔标准形成于上世纪70年代，自上世纪90年代以来，就未进行过大的修订。
现行航空器尾流间隔将航空器按照最大起飞重量来进行分类，进而给出不同类别组合下的航空器尾流间隔标准。在空中流量不大、空域资源充足时，尾流间隔对机场容量的限制尚不明显。但随着空中交通流量的持续增长，这些相对保守的尾流间隔标准在一定程度上限制了繁忙机场的容量提升，造成了不必要的航班等待和延误。
于是，专家们在航空器尾流消散、数值模拟、尾流遭遇、雷达探测等方面开展了大量的研究。在此基础上，通过对各机型组合下最小安全间隔的计算分析，将现行尾流间隔标准中的重型飞机分成B、C两类，将中型飞机分为D、E、F三类，将较小的中型飞机与轻型飞机合并形成F类，从而形成新的航空器尾流间隔标准。
欧洲于2007年提出了航空器RECAT的概念，在综合考虑飞机重量、翼展、速度、展弦比等参数的基础上，将航空器重新分成六类，学习目标通过重新计算各类别组合下的安全间隔，在确保安全水平不降低的情况下提出了缩减运行间隔的标准。
随后，欧洲航空安全局（EASA）实施了技术验证；空客就关于RE?CAT-EU（欧洲民航航空器尾流间隔标准）中A类航空器（空客A380）进行了补充分析和评估，最终EASA与欧盟成员国签署确认可以在成员国实施RECAT-EU。
与国际民航组（ICAO）现行间隔标准相比，RECAT-EU对重型、中型进行了细分，因此航班间隔有所缩减，同时在考虑到轻型飞机遭遇尾流后安全风险基础上又适度增加了这类组合下的间隔。数据显示，相关机场在实施RECAT-EU后，提升了机场容量，改变了高峰小时段的分布情况，缩短起降队列中的等待时间。内蒙古语翻译
美国联邦航空局（FAA）于2009年开始与欧洲联合开展了包括安全性评估、管制员工作负荷研究、容量提升效果仿真预测等内容在内的RECAT技术可行性研究。
在此基础上，FAA于2012年10月对其空管规章中相应条款进行修改，宣布孟菲斯机场从2012年11月开始成为全球第一个实施RECAT运行的机场。实施6个月以后，经统计，孟菲斯机场航空器离场通行能力增加22%，进场通行能力增加15%。在此基础上，美国的KMIA（迈阿密）、KPHL（费城）、KSDF（路易斯维尔）和KIAH（休斯敦）等机场也在2013年实施了RECAT运行。
经过1年多的运行，FAA于2014年6月对实施RECAT的基本条件进行规定，要求相关单位在实施RE?CAT前，必须获得相关管理部门的授权书；所有运营人员必须获得有关RECAT的技术培训；终端区自动化系统必须激活RECAT功能；塔台上安装的电子进程单处理系统或等效的飞行进程电子处理系统，或人工处理进程单流程，必须确保能在进程单上显示正确的尾流类别。
我国民航局于2015年出台了《中国民航航空系统组块升级（ASBU）发展与实施策略》。该策略明确了航行系统发展规划的总体目标与基本原则，提出了支撑航行系统发展的各种技术应用策略与保障措施，旨在为各种航行技术应用规划的制定提供指导，以推动各种航行技术的协同发展，促进民航持续安全与科学发展。针对尾流间隔缩减技术研究，该文件全面引进了ASBU中效能改进领域1（机场运行）中有关“尾流间隔”引线对应的全部模块要求，由此，ASBU尾流间隔缩减技术成为中国航行系统建设的重要技术方向。
据此，民航局空管局于2015年委托中国民航大学以民航安全能力基金项目形式开展“基于航空器重新分类（RECAT）以缩减尾流间隔的技术可行性研究与验证”项目，研究在我国推广应用RECAT技术的可行性、实施条件、建议方案以及机型分类指标与安全间隔计算方法，并通过对雷达管制模拟机系统的升级、改造，搭建RECAT技术验证平台并对RE?CAT技术的安全性、适应性、工作负荷与容量提升效果进行验证分析。为便于管制员更加直观和精细化地使用尾流间隔，民航局空管局开展了基于管制员工作习惯的尾流间隔预警与告警方式研究，主要包括切入五边的尾流告警、五边尾流间隔告警和全空域尾流间隔告警等，在确保安全的前提下提高管制运行效率。
民航局空管局表示，我国民航将进一步推进尾流再分类（RECAT）应用，在广州机场和深圳机场开展尾流再分类管制实验运行。这一决定与我国民航实际运行情况息息相关。
随着我国珠三角地区航班量的逐年增长，在目前的空管运行规则下，中南地区主要机场的跑道容量渐趋饱和，一定程度影响了空管运行效率，制约了机场未来发展。“推广基于RECAT技术的新的航空器尾流间隔标准，可成为提高运行效率的有效举措之一。”民航局空管局相关负责人表示。
业内人士表示，欧洲和美国在推出其RECAT标准时，均进行了详细的尾流遭遇安全风险评估，以确保实施RECAT后的尾流遭遇风险和严重度在整体上不超过ICAO现行间隔标准下的对应值。因此，基于欧美运行经验和国内研究成果，结合国内机场的交通流特点，确定中国民航的RE?CAT标准（RECAT-CN），一方面能确保空管运行安全，另一方面也便于飞行员能更好地接受和适应。
为此，民航局空管局考虑现行情况，计划分三个阶段开展RECAT管制运行工作，并将标准引入民航规章。
此外，民航局空管局考虑到中南地区管制单位所用自动化系统在实验运行阶段，难以对航空器机型新类别兼容处理，于是决定在短期内飞行计划中的尾流类型字符可保持不变，管制单位要通过对自动化系统标牌进行标注的方式提示管制员具体机型分类，待自动化系统作相应升级后，可采用新的尾流类型字符。（《中国民航报》、中国民航网 记者李芳芳 通讯员李经纬）
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https://www.tu740.com/yazhouchengguanwang/1618.htmlFrom wshu authored by Bill Buchner:
“A Long Island native will set sail across the Atlantic Ocean in October with an all-female crew of 11 to study the impact that plastic pollutants have on women’s health.
Erica Cirino is an environmental journalist and has done research on plastics at Roskilde University in Copenhagen, Denmark. She will join the second leg of an all-women sailing voyage across the world called eXXpedition.
She will climb aboard in Azores and sail to Antigua next month.
Erica, thank you for joining All Things Considered. Why is it an all-female crew?
So, typically in the field of science, women have been underrepresented in terms of getting jobs and also in terms of studying women’s health. The typical human subject that is studied in many scientific papers about toxicity and health is a 150-pound male. And so that kind of reference point doesn’t really work when trying to understand how toxins impact a woman’s body. So this trip is kind of bringing attention to that and also hopefully uncovering some new information that we can use.”
Read the full story by FOLLOWING THE LINK[引言]对奥斯汀来说，埃德蒙是美国文学的伟大批评家。威尔逊说:“在将近四分之一世纪的英国文学史上，发生过几次这样的事情..如果你认为它很好，欢迎评论和分享~谢谢你的阅读和支持！
本文《800字傲慢与偏见论文集》是由整本阅读评论汇编而成，仅供参考。
奥斯汀，埃德蒙，美国文学的伟大批评家。威尔逊说:“在将近四分之一世纪的英国文学史上，发生了几次有趣的革命，只有莎士比亚和奥斯汀幸存下来。”正因为如此，我读了他的几部作品...我不得不悲叹，这个人不仅留下了他自己的可悲的经典，还留下了他生动的人物！傲慢与偏见这本书的第一句话写道:“每个有财产的男人都必须有妻子，这已成为公认的原则。”事实上，这意味着“每个女人都必须嫁给一个有钱的单身男人。”一个简单的句子反映了当代人被困在金钱的笼子里的现实，尤其是书中的人物。让我深思整本书的是主人公对金钱的重视。不管他们是已婚还是幸福，他们都与某些经济利益相关。在当时的他们眼里，也许只有金钱才能给他们安全感。因此，一旦一位富有的绅士来到这个村庄，母亲们就会把他视为他们未来的女婿。因此，值班的内特太太得知伊丽莎白拒绝了柯林斯的求婚，指责女儿不明智，非常生气。根据柯林斯的条件，伊丽莎白将来可以有稳定的生活。在她母亲看来，放弃这样一个“摇钱树”是不合理的。她年轻时，也通过婚姻获得食物和衣服。现在她更有义务要求女儿们通过这件事获得“幸福”。没有理由，这只是一个规则。因此，书中几对男女之间存在着分歧与和谐。当他们厌倦了与金钱竞争和追逐金钱时，他们放下傲慢和偏见，做出自己的选择。事实上，当他们放下它时，他们在幸福和金钱之间划出了一条清晰的界限，并重新认识了自己的价值观。然而，这些有趣的章节也向读者提出了许多发人深省的问题:幸福和金钱是交织在一起的还是平行的？我们的价值观有什么问题吗？当我合上书的时候，所有这些都得到了回答！幸福和金钱之间没有一定的交集，但是一旦有人扭曲了他的人生观和价值观，他的幸福将建立在金钱的基础上。然而，我们应该知道的是，所谓的幸福只是被金钱的诱惑蒙蔽了双眼。当我们醒来时，我们会发现我们犯了一个多么严重的错误。在生活中，不要因为事物的出现和外界的干扰而走错方向。只有相信自己内心的选择，放下个人的骄傲和偏见，做出道德决定，你才能有正确的人生观。金钱和利益只是过眼云烟。什么能真正让一个人快乐或真实？只有当你理清内心的态度，你才能拥有美好的生活！作为另一代新生力量，我们应该有正确的人生观，高活的颜色。张馨月chr()chr()12
读傲慢与偏见有感作文800字
来源：吉利通资讯网Una storia tragica e drammatica quella che arriva da Denver, negli Stati Uniti. Un bambino di 9 anni, Jamel, si è infatti tolto la vita dopo aver confessato ai suoi compagni di classe di essere omosessuale. Il piccolo aveva iniziato il 20 agosto la quarta elementare presso la Joe Shoemaker school della sua città.
Durante le vacanze estive aveva confessato di essere gay anche alla madre. La donna però non ne aveva fatto un dramma e aveva accettato la situazione senza problemi, assecondando anche il desiderio di Jamel di indossare abiti più femminili, tanto che il primo giorno di scuola si era presentato in classe con le unghie finte.
Ed è proprio la madre che ha raccontato la storia ai media statunitensi, palesemente sotto choc e visibilmente addolorata. Proprio la donna ha trovato in casa il corpo senza vita del figlio, il 23 agosto scorso. Da quanto emerso pare abbia confidato alla sorella maggiore di essere stato invitato dai compagni di classe a farla finita. “Triste che non sia venuto da me”, ha dichiarato la madre ai media locali. La scuola ha inviato una lettera a tutti i suoi studenti, definendo “inaspettata” la morte di Jamel. La madre del piccolo si augura invece che questo tragico e triste evento possa aprire gli occhi e i cuori di molti studenti sui rischi del bullismo.
DIVENTA FAN DELLA NOSTRA PAGINA
LEGGI TUTTE LE NOTIZIE DEL GIORNObeaker definition: 1. a glass or plastic container used in chemistry 2. a cup, usually with with a flat bottom and an edge for pouring, used in science laboratories.
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Use Chemware® PTFE watch glasses as beaker covers. Can be heated up to 500°F (260°C) and used in a microwave Ideal for ultra-pure applications Low
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Spear phishing saldırıları, genel phishing saldırılarından farklı olarak, belirli bir kişi veya organizasyonu hedef alır. Saldırgan, hedefin kişisel bilgilerini veya alışkanlıklarını araştırır ve bu bilgileri kullanarak, sahte e-postanın veya mesajın daha inandırıcı ve gerçekçi görünmesini sağlar. Örneğin, saldırgan, bir kişinin iş arkadaşı veya üstü gibi davranabilir ve bu kişinin işle ilgili bir görevi tamamlaması veya belirli bir belgeyi göndermesi gerektiğini söyleyebilir.
Spear phishing saldırılarını önlemek için, kullanıcıların dikkatli olmaları ve alışılmadık veya beklenmedik e-postalara karşı uyanık olmaları gerekmektedir. Sahte e-postalar genellikle acil eylem talep eder veya beklenmedik bir ödeme veya ödül teklif eder. Ayrıca, kullanıcılar, bir e-posta bağlantısına tıklamadan önce, e-postanın kimden geldiğini ve bağlantının nereye gittiğini dikkatlice kontrol etmelidir. Bu tür saldırılara karşı korunmada güncel antivirüs yazılımları ve e-posta filtreleme araçları da etkili olabilir.
Bizimle İletişime Geçin
"*" gerekli alanları gösterirThe constellation Serpens Caput, the Snake’s Head, lies well off the band of the Milky Way and holds relatively few deep-sky sights. But it’s not completely barren. Let’s have a look at three targets in this ancient constellation for stargazers equipped with modest optics and an urge to see something good [Read more…] about Going Deep in the Snake’s HeadShare This:
In last month’s constellation tour, we examined the dazzling stars of the constellation Corona Borealis, the Northern Crown. This month, we move due south to the northern section of the constellation Serpens, the only constellation split into two parts. These are the
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مدیر تبلیغات یا مدیر حساب خود مراجعه می کنند و آنها مانند این س searchال کوچک جستجو می کنند… ما آن را فشار می دهیم ، در مورد س fromالات مشتریان یا شرکا ، هیچ پاسخی نمی دهیم. .
… این چیزی است که من قطعاً انتظار هیچ نوع تغییر رتبه ای را ندارم ، خصوصاً چیزی که به همان اندازه قابل مشاهده است. از آنجا که … من فکر می کنم این موردی باشد که بسیاری از سایت های دیگر می بینند و به نوعی کمی هم کاملاً واضح است.
بنابراین تغییر رتبه بندی که در آنجا دیدید به نظر می رسد چیزی کاملاً بی ارتباط با تبلیغات باشد. “
همبستگی با تغییرات رتبه بندی
از میان میلیون ها مشاغلی که در Google تبلیغ می کنند ، تجربه یک تغییر معمول در بالا یا پایین برای همه آنها یک تجربه معمول نیست و یا حتی اکثریت قابل توجهی است.
همزمانی مواردی است که بدون وجود علت و معلولی واقعی برای اتصال آنها اتفاق می افتد. و این همان وضعیتی است که کسی شروع به تبلیغ می کند و رتبه هایش سقوط می کند.
گوگل مرتباً رتبه بندی جستجو را به روز می کند و اثرات آن بعضاً می تواند مانند یک رویداد مهم احساس شود. بسیار محتمل است که آنچه در اینجا رخ داده است فقط یک تصادف باشد.
استناد
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ادامه مطلب را در زیر بخوانیدFernán González of Castile
|Fernán González of Castile|
Lara de los Infantes
|Noble family||Beni Mamaduna|
|Spouse(s)||Sancha Sánchez of Pamplona
Urraca Sánchez of Pamplona
|Father||Gonzalo Fernández of Castile|
Fernán González (died 970) was the first autonomous count of Castile, son of Gonzalo Fernández de Burgos, who had been named count of Arlanza and the Duero around the year 900, and by tradition a descendant of semi-legendary judge Nuño Rasura. His mother Muniadona was so well remembered that the later Counts of Castile would sometimes be recorded by Iberian Muslim scholars as Ibn Māma Duna (descendant of Muniadona).
Fernán González was a colourful character of legendary status in Iberia, and founder of the dynasty that would rule a semi-autonomous Castile, laying the foundations for its status as an independent kingdom. In the year 930, Fernán's name appears with the title of count inside the administrative organization of eastern the Kingdom of León.
Fernán González grew up in the castle of Lara, where his father had begun the process of reuniting the fractured counties of Old Castile. What had been a single county under count Rodrigo of Castile had been split after the death of the latter's son Diego Rodríguez Porcelos in 885. About 899, Gonzalo was named count of Burgos, and around 909 succeeded his kinsman Munio Núñez as count of Castile, representing a fraction of the previous county of that name. Following Gonzalo's 915 death, the counties would be held by Fernando Ansúrez, Gonzalo's brother Nuño Fernández, Fernando Ansúrez again, and Gutier Núñez. Fernán González was made count of Castile and Burgos before 931. The same year, Álvaro Herraméliz, count of Álava, Cerezo and Lantarón died, and Fernán succeeded him as well, thereby reuniting Rodrigo's county. He also married Álvaro's widow, Sancha Sánchez, the sister of the García Sánchez I of Pamplona. One of the daughters of Sancho I of Pamplona and Toda of Navarre, she had been twice widowed, having first married king Ordoño II of León late in his life as his third wife — two of her sisters, Onneca and Urraca, would marry Sancha's step-sons, Ordoño's sons Alfonso IV of León and Ramiro II of León. Following Ordoño's death in 924, she had married count Álvaro Herraméliz. Her marriage to Fernán not only allowed him to unite Castile, but reinforced political alliances across the Christian north.
Fernán gathered under his control a strong military force composed of troops from the counties of Burgos, Asturias, Santillana, Lantaron, Álava, Castile, and Lara. His military prowess came to prominence in the Battle of Simancas in 939 and then at Sepulveda, where he wrested the region from the Moors and repopulated it. As his power increased, so did his independence from León.
After having fought with Ramiro II of León against the Arabs, and after the Battle of Simancas and the retreat of the Muslims, Fernán was dissatisfied because the king of León distributed his troops in the frontier towns and he rose in rebellion against him. In 944, the county of Castile was stripped from him and awarded by the king to his son Sancho, with count Ansur Fernández serving as regent. Fernán was defeated and made prisoner for 3 years until he became reconciled with his sovereign, giving his daughter Urraca in marriage to the king's heir, Ordoño, who afterwards became King Ordoño III.
Upon the death of Ramiro II of León in 951, the kingdom of León experienced a dynastic crisis that Fernán played out to his advantage. Initially Fernán supported the demands of Sancho against his elder half-brother Ordoño III, Fernán's own son-in-law. When Sancho failed, Fernán was forced to recognize Ordoño as king, even though the latter cast off Fernán's daughter. Ordoño's early death allowed Fernán to recover his maneuvering capacity, although he abandoned his old ally, now king Sancho I, instead supporting his rival Ordoño IV, son of Alfonso IV and the new husband of Fernán's daughter Urraca. Shortly after 4 September 959, his wife Sancha of Navarre died, and in 960 Fernán was defeated through Navarrese intervention on Sancho's behalf. He was captured by King García of Navarre, but he recovered his freedom after making various territorial concessions and by forswearing his support for Ordoño IV. Prior to 5 May 964 he cemented the new alliance by remarrying García's own daughter Urraca, the niece of his first wife, while Fernán's daughter of the same name, this time divorced by Ordoño IV, was married to García's heir, the future Sancho II of Pamplona. With the kingdom of León weakened and in disorder, Fernán slowly solidified a position of autonomy as count of Castile, with only nominal fielty due León.
After his death the county was left to his son García Fernández, while his widow Urraca returned to the Pamplona court before remarrying to William Sancho of Gascony. His remains were buried in the monastery of San Pedro of Arlanza. His life and feats are recorded in an anonymous poem, The Poem of Fernán González, written between 1250 and 1271 and preserved as an incomplete copy from the fifteenth century.
By his first wife, Sancha Sánchez of Pamplona, he had the following children:
- Gonzalo, who married Fronilde Gómez, suggested to have been granddaughter of count Diego Rodríguez Porcelos
- Sancho, named in a charter of his paternal grandmother
- García, his eventual successor
- Urraca, twice queen of León as wife of Ordoño III and Ordoño IV, and then of Pamplona, having married Sancho II
- Muniadona, wife of Gómez Díaz, count of Saldaña, of the powerful Beni Gómez clan
- Historia del Condado de Castilla: Fernán González Biography http://www.condadodecastilla.es/personajes/fernan-gonzalez
Fernán González of Castile
Beni MamadunaBorn: c. 910 Died: 970
|Count of Castile
|Count of Álava
merged with Castile
|Count of Cerezo & Lantarón
merged with Castile
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fernán González.|Iowa: Its History and Its
The early voyageurs and fur traders found the region later known as Iowa sparsely inhabited by warring tribes of Indians designated by early travelers and historians as Iowas (variously spelled “Aiouas,” “Aiouways,” “Ioways,” etc.), Otoes, Missouris, Pawnees, Omahas, Winnebagoes, Osages, Sissetons, Illinois, (Illini) Sacs (Sauks), Foxes, Chippewas, Allouays and Pottawattamies.
The Indians visited by Marquette and Joliet were the Illini of the Algonquin race, whose ancestors had been driven west by the conquering Iroquois. Later, the Illini west of the Mississippi had been nearly exterminated by the Sacs and Foxes, whom later visitors found firmly allied. Since these affiliated tribes figure so largely in the pioneer history of Iowa, let us turn back to the first half of the eighteenth century to find how it happened that they were in such numbers and so closely allied as to be dealt with as one tribe.
The union of the Sacs and Foxes dates back to the campaign against the Foxes in 1733. The Foxes, then east of the Mississippi, defeated by the French, took refuge with the Sacs, near Green Bay. In an assault upon the two tribes the French commandant, De Villiers, and his son and a number of his men, were slain.
The Sacs, though kinsmen of the Foxes, had “held aloof from them and submitted to French control.” United in common defense, many Sacs and Foxes together crossed the upper Mississippi and located within the present boundaries of Iowa. A close confederation followed.
Stung by the defeat and death of De Villiers, the French governor, Beauharnois, sent eighty-four Frenchmen, under De Noyelles, accompanied by bands of Iroquois and Hurons, across the Mississippi for the purpose of winning the Sacs back to their support or punishing them for the aid they had rendered the Foxes. The bloodthirsty Indian allies, on learning that the Sacs were not to be included in the destruction of the Foxes, lost interest in the expedition.
Meantime the Sacs and Foxes had established themselves on the River Des Moines, but only to find the river filled with floating ice. On the west shore not far from the present capital of the state, was the village of the Sacs and Foxes. But how to reach it, was the question. An Iroquois chief proposed that all should swim across. De Noyelles responded, “Impossible!”
The details of the crossing are somewhat confusing, but it is evident that an
Advance party of Frenchmen and twenty-three Indians found themselves confronted by 250 Sacs and Foxes on their won ground; that their defense was sufficiently fierce to drive back the Sacs and Foxes; that the allies re-formed and in turn compelled the invaders to retreat.
De Noyelles, crossing the river farther upstream, came to the rescue, and under his leadership the invaders fell back under cover and proceeded to fortify. Next day a council was held with the Sacs, but with no result. Four days passed, and the French were reduced almost to the point of starvation. Finally, the Iroquois threatening to abandon him to his fate, De Noyelles was forced to retreat. This offensive campaign ending in failure, resulted in making the defensive alliance of the Sacs and Foxes a union lasting as long as the tribal relation continued.1 In fact, the Musquakies, now living on lands acquired by purchase near Tama, Iowa, are a blend of the Sacs and Foxes, with a slight admixture of Pottawattamies and other tribes.
When in 1805 Lieut. Zebulon M. Pike reported on conditions as he found them on the upper Mississippi, he gave it as his best judgment that the prairies between the big rivers, the Mississippi and the Missouri, were incapable of cultivation and should be left to the wandering savages.
Contemporaneous with the Sacs and Foxes of the first half of the nineteenth century were the Ioways, the Sioux and the Pottawattamies.
Tradition and indirect allusions give the Iowas of the seventeenth century a local habitation in the vicinity of the great lakes. Later they migrated beyond the big river, locating about the lower valley of the river which bears their name. Tradition has it that the Iowas, wandering westward, finally reached a bluff overlooking the mouth of the river now bearing their name, and that they were so pleased with the prospect that they halted, exclaiming “Ioway,” which the half-breed, Antoine LeClaire, and others of his time translated as “This is the place.”
The Iowas and the Sacs and Foxes were warring continually until 1824, when the allies led by Pashepaho, assisted by Black Hawk, attacked the Iowas near the old town of Iowaville. The story, in brief, is that the Iowas were assembled to witness a pony race when the allies swooped down upon them. Their village was burned and a massacre ensued. The remnant of the tribe became wanderers on the face of the earth.
Several allied tribes under the general term “the Sioux” long roamed at will over Northern Iowa and contiguous regions. They were nomadic and warlike and were almost constantly invading the hunting grounds of the Sacs and Foxes. During the seventeenth-century wars between the French and the Indians, the Sioux were driven southward to the Okaboji and Spirit Lake region and the headwaters of the Des Moines River.
The tradition is well established that a battle occurred on the banks of he Raccoon River, emphasizing the policy later adopted by the Government—that of protecting the Indians against themselves and pacifying warring tribes.2 The story is that a party of Sioux surprised a small hunting camp of roving Delawares in the bottom-land of the Raccoon. One Delaware alone escaped,
Taking refuge with the Sacs encamped on or near the site of Iowa’s present State Capitol. Pashepaho, “the stabber,” then eighty years old, led 500 of his braves to avenge the invasion of his territory. About a hundred miles up the Raccoon Valley they fell upon the Sioux. One of the bloodiest battles ever fought on Iowa soil ensued. It was reported by the victors that only seven Sacs were slain and that more than three hundred of the Sioux were left dead upon the field.
In accordance with a provision in the treaty of peace with Great Britain that the states should put an end to hostilities with the Indians, in 1815 the Government summoned all the tribes of the upper Mississippi and the Missouri to a council in the interests of peace. At this council treaties of peace were signed with twelve tribes. The Sacs along the Rock River, led by Black Hawk, remained hostile. A year later, however, Black Hawk and his chiefs signed a treaty in which they are represented as “now imploring mercy, having repented of their conduct.” This treaty also committed them to a treaty made by five Sac and Fox chiefs in 1804 ceding to the he Government 51,000,000 acres.
Year afterward Blackhawk solemnly declared that in former treaties the chiefs did not know what they were signing, and even if they did know, they had no authority to sign away tribal possessions.
In 1822 the Government bought of the Sacs and Foxes a release from the stipulation of the treaty signed in 1804, providing for factories and a trading house, paying the Indians a paltry $1,000 as the price of the release. The American Fur Company soon monopolized the rich field thus thrown open. The unrestricted sale of whisky soon demoralized the Indians, making them the prey of war, pestilence and famine.
In 1824 a treaty with the Sacs and Foxes resulted in setting apart a “Half-Breed Tract”—“the small tract of land lying between the Mississippi and Des Moines rivers,” bordering on the Missouri boundary line, “for the use of the half-breeds belonging to those nations”—a recognition of the duty of the Government to care for those of Indian blood who, through the weakness or guilt of white men, had become the innocent victims of the vices of the border.
To promote peace between the warring Sioux and Sacs and Foxes, the Government arranged a conference at Prairie du Chien in the summer of 1825, in which a boundary line was agreed upon, each tribe self-prohibited from hunting within the limits of the other without the other’s consent.3 The National Ground extended along this line, including a strip twenty miles wide on either side.
But treaty obligations set lightly on the consciences of red men as well as white. Soon the old spirit of aggression and retaliation revived and the Government was confronted with the duty of enforcing the treaty of 1825.
Another compromise was held at Prairie du Chien in 1830, at which the renewed hostilities between the Sacs and Foxes and the Sioux were again under consideration. The result was the settling apart of a "neutral ground" across the prospective territory of Iowa--a strip of land forty miles wide extending from the Mississippi to the Des Moines, the Sioux ceding the north half, the Sacs and Foxes the south half. But that was not all the land west of the divide between the Des Moines and the Missouri and lands farther north, thus extinguishing the Indian title to the "western slope".
In 1831 Black Hawk, peremptorily ordered to remove to land west of the Mississippi (reserved for the Sacs and Foxes), stubbornly refused to obey. He appealed to his braves to sustain him in his contention that the land in Illinois was never knowingly ceded to the Government. Unless driven off, he would not forsake the graves of his fathers, the home of his youth. Government troops and state militia soon forced the chief to yield.
Black Hawk grew homesick in his new quarters and organized a return to his beloved Rock River country. Keokuk eloquently opposed the movement, but a large minority followed Black Hawk across the river. In the spring of 1832, reinforced by dissatisfied Pottawattamies and Winnebagoes, Black Hawk raised the British flag. This indignity, coupled with the murder of St. Vrain, a government agent, made war inevitable. Thus, with only about eight hundred warriors, the intrepid but foolhardy chief brought on the Black Hawk war.
The defeat of Black Hawk, in 1832, was of itself a guaranty of peace, and soon the tide of homeseekers toward the future Iowa became phenomenal.
In September, 1832, the Winnebagoes ceded all their holdings east of the Mississippi in exchange for the "neutral ground" across the river and an annuity of $10,000.
At Davenport, in September, 1832, General Scott and Governor Reynolds (of Illinois) held a conference with the chiefs of the Sacs and Foxes. Holding them responsible for not restraining Black Hawk from recrossing the Mississippi, the white men ungenerously demanded, as indemnity for the cost of the ensuing war, that they cede to the United States "a portion of their superfluous territory." Having no recourse, the chiefs yielded, ceding to the United
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Giganti della difesa come Thales, Finmeccanica, EADS, Saab e Sagem Défénsé Sécurité sono fra le tante società a cui la Commissione Europea ha affidato lo sviluppo delle strategie di sicurezza per Europa. Di 46 contratti di ricerca sulla sicurezza durante il primo anno di programma quadro, 17 o il 37% viene prodotto dagli appaltatori del settore della difesa.
http://www.tni.org/reports/neoconopticon.pdf?Ending nearly a century and a half of oppression, the state of Mississippi has finally ratified the Thirteenth Amendment to abolish slavery, a piece of legislation that was introduced to—or some might argue, forced upon—the state by the movie Lincoln, apparently. As some scholars who maybe saw a movie about ratifications or whatever already know, the Thirteenth Amendment was originally ratified by three-fourths of the nation in 1865, though Mississippi remained unconvinced until just recently, determined to wait and see how this whole “Reconstruction” thing panned out. In 1995, Mississippi finally voted to ratify the amendment for fear of seeming socially backward, yet it “accidentally” forgot to make that vote official by notifying the U.S. Archivist. Their “clerical oversight” finally came to light after Steven Spielberg’s Lincoln arrived pushing reform, and using its executive power to promote a progressive agenda of bringing the States into the late-19th century.
Lincoln’s message touched University of Mississippi Medical Center associate professor Dr. Ranjan Batra, at least, whose post-film research into the history of the Thirteenth Amendment—likely using books—was not only tolerated, it eventually led to Mississippi Secretary of State Delbert Hosemann contacting the Office of the Federal Register. After confirming that yes, his name is really Delbert Hosemann, Delbert Hosemann finally offered the ratification of slavery that movie-Lincoln had called upon him to make, ensuring that no man could place another man under involuntary servitude, and all because of the foresight of Lincoln—and sure as hell not because of Argo.
Only hours later, Lincoln was tragically shot in the head.Blizzards, ice storms, floods, mudslides, torrential rains, and more weather related mayhem have seemingly plagued the nation the last couple of weeks. Here’s a way to keep an eye on the current weather watches and warnings using Explorer and ArcGIS Online.
ArcGIS Explorer Online
We’ll start with Explorer Online. After starting the app click Search
And then click ArcGIS to search for anything related to “weather warnings” in ArcGIS Online, as shown below:
This service comes from NOAA/National Weather Service, and includes current weather warnings for the USA. It is published via ArcGIS Server as a live map service. The NHSS Watches/Warnings contains all of the current weather watches and warnings issued by NOAA’s National Weather Service (NWS).
Once added to the map we can use Identify to learn more about the warning, and click a link to weather.gov to view more detailed information.
ArcGIS Explorer Desktop
Using Explorer Desktop the procedure is very similar. First click Add Content, then choose to add from ArcGIS Online:
Then in the ArcGIS Online window a search string can be entered, in this case “weather warning:”
Looking at the search results one thing that will be different will be the types of items returned from ArcGIS Online. Since Explorer Desktop can use more than map and layer services, we’ll also see items like layer packages, layer files, etc. We checked the item description (highlighted in yellow below) to look for a service that we can add to our existing map:
In Explorer Desktop popup windows are checked off by default when you add a service layer. To enable popups select the item and open its properties, then check the popup window on, as shown below:
Now we’ve used that same service in both Explorer Online, and also Explorer Desktop.
Explorer Desktop also enables us to toggle our viewing mode to 3D, so we can view the warnings on a globe.Juvenile vs. Adult Justice System Essay.
Juvenile justice has always been a controversial question because some people consider that children should be tried for crimes the same way the adults are since the harm is usually the same and, sometimes, the consequences are even more dramatic. As for now, all the countries have special laws for punishing such offenses, and they are quite mild. By making the laws equal, the state will.
Criminal Justice Essay Paper on Juvenile Justice System.
Sentencing in juvenile justice system is also quite different from adult justice system. A juvenile offender is judged “delinquent” rather than “guilty.” Because of the individualized nature of the juvenile justice system, sentencing varies and may cover a wide range of community-based and residential options. The disposition is based.
Failures Of The Juvenile Justice System Criminology Essay.
This is the second essay in a two-part series exploring the relationships between mental illness, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. The number of mentally ill persons in prisons.
Mental Health Issues in the UK Criminal Justice System.
That’s why this article exists: to allow you to find good topics or a juvenile justice essay prompt to make it easier for you to start your paper. Topics for a juvenile justice argumentative essay. A common type of writing on juvenile justice is the argumentative essay. This is because this field is quite contentious and complex, allowing.
Juvenile Justice Essay Writing Just Got Simpler.
Juvenile Justice in Today’s Day and Age When people consider the word juvenile they jump straight to the conclusion of unfortunate immature children. They also think it is a child who is always in trouble. This not always true in some cases it could just a youth or child who hasn’t had the chance to be themselves or has had bad home life or has been stuck in a bad situation. Such as.
History and Evolution of the Juvenile Justice System.
Type of paper: Essay. This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers. Juvenile justice system essay. Various theories and models guide the criminal justice system. The system harbor both the rights of the accused as well as those of victims. Moreover, the criminal system contains rights and strategies aimed at.
Essays on Juvenile Delinquency: Free Examples and Samples.
Type of paper: Essay. This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers. Juvenile justice system essay. In any jurisdiction, there are laws or rules put in place to govern all the activities of the region. Going against the rules means a court process exposure, which will determine what will happen at the end of the day.
Criminal Justice Research Paper Topics - Pro-Papers.
Clearly, both the adult criminal and juvenile justice systems have undergone vast changes over the last 100 years. However, one thing that has remained constant is the desire of courts, correctional professionals, and policymakers to reduce recidivism and enhance society safety. To achieve those goals and other important objectives, implementation of a variety of sentencing, corrections, and.
Essay on Laws: Essay on History of Juvenile Justice System.
If you are among them, choosing criminal justice topics for academic papers is a usual task for you. The tips provided in this article will help you in overcoming difficulties that may occur while working on the paper. Read it carefully and pick up several options that seem the most interesting to you. List of basic criminal justice topics.
Juvenile Justice Essays: Examples, Topics, Titles.
Juvenile Justice Essay; Juvenile Justice Essay. 1102 Words 5 Pages. Show More. The Political and Economic Context of Juvenile Justice in America At the beginning of the 1800’s, juveniles were treated no differently than adults. They were arrested, tried, and punished no differently than adults. English common law is the basis of the American justice system but did not provide for.
Juvenile Justice Essay Examples - Free Research Papers on.
Cycle of Juvenile Justice. Abstract This paper will explore and give a synopsis on the cycle of juvenile justice. The synopsis will include a look at the past 200 years of juvenile justice policies in the United States. According to the text, Bernard and Kurlychek believe the cycle is driven by several unchanging ideas that force us to repeat.
Cram.com: Create and Share Online Flashcards.
The Juvenile Justice System is defined as that “sociolegal process having responsibility and authority for public reaction to current juvenile delinquency and deterrence of future juvenile delinquency, including within that process the public and private agents, agencies, laws, rules, and policies having to do with juvenile delinquency”(Weiner, 1987, p.12). This paper will deal with the.Ethel Page 1884
Cecilia Beaux captured the likenesses of numerous cultural and political leaders, but many of her most powerful portraits depicted her relatives and friends. Ethel Page (Mrs. James Large) came from a distinguished Philadelphia family that traced its lineage to Roger Williams, the founder and governor of Rhode Island. Page met the artist in 1876; this painting is the first of many portraits of her by Beaux.
Typical of Beaux’s early style, this picture features a brightly illuminated face set against a dark, unarticulated background. Only the large red bow on Page's hat breaks the muted palette. Beaux’s broad handling of paint is evident in the thick brush strokes visible in the sitter’s fur cape.
The rich, dark tone of the picture, the sense that it captures a moment, and the emphasis on the subject’s personality all demonstrate the influence of major Philadelphia portraitists. In particular, Beaux certainly knew the works of Thomas Eakins.Ecco la domanda:ci sono motivi(religiosi,socialio morali) per i quali la masturbazione può essere considerata riprovevole?
MI spiego meglio:i bacchetoni o i preti ci insegnano che è un peccato brutto e "sporco",l'opinione pubblica non proprio condanna ma quantomeno disapprova che se ne parli apertamente,ecc..
Eppure è molto più praticata del sesso"classico".UNa persona che si masturba anche all'interno i un matrimonio o di un fidanzamento è reputata insoddisfatta o un maniaco.Perchè?
dite la vostra.Definition of canella
1 less commonly canela plural -s : cinnamon
2 capitalized [New Latin, from Medieval Latin, cinnamon] : a monotypic genus of trees (order Parietales) having alternate simple entire leathery gland-dotted leaves and flowers with three sepals and producing a berry
3 or canella alba \-ˈalbə also -ˈȯ-\ or canella bark less commonly canelo \-ˈne(ˌ)lō, -ˈā-\ [canella from New Latin canella; canella alba from New Latin Canella alba, synonym of Canella winterana; canelo from American Spanish, from Spanish, cinnamon tree, from canela cinnamon, from Medieval Latin canella] : the highly aromatic orange-colored inner bark of a tree (Canella alba or C. winterana) used as a condiment and in medicine as a tonic —called also white cinnamon
4 less commonly canela \-ˈnelə, -ˈā-\ or canelo [canella from New Latin canella; canela from American Spanish, from Spanish, cinnamon; canelo, from American Spanish, from Spanish, cinnamon tree] : any of various trees of the family Lauraceae
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Origin and Etymology of canella
Medieval Latin, diminutive of Latin canna reed; from the shape of the rolls of prepared bark
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up canella? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).编织袋发生卷曲了怎么办
编织袋质量的好坏决议着我们东西存储时间的长短，假定编织袋发生弯曲，也会影响到我们平常的存储。
热压成型往后的编织袋假如预留时间不到24小时就进行切割，则很容易发生弯曲，相对的解决方法其实很简单，出现这个问题后要选择自封袋表层基材薄膜，调整复合加工设备各部分的张力，尽量使相复合的两种基材回缩率相等，其次我们可以调整浮动辊张力，选用具有低温热封性的内封基材，将热封温度调整至适宜的温度。
重要的一点就是在出产彩印编织袋的时分要将质料充分冷却和熟化后在进入热封加工，这样就不会出现翘起的问题了。برگزیده های شما ( 0 )
نمایش ملک های مورد علاقه من
این آپارتمان ساحلی بسیار زیبا در کنار ساحل شنی آلانیا واقع شده است. دارای منظره دریا مدیترانه میباشد. این مجموعه دارای انواع و اندازه های مختلفی از آپارتمانها است. این مجموعه در فاصله کوتاهی از امکانات رفاهی و امکانات اجتماعی در آلانیا، ترکیه واقع شده است.
این منطقه توسعه یافته جدید در یکی از مناطق تازه و درحال رشد آلانیا و بسیار محبوب به نام کستل واقع شده است. مستقیم روبروی ساحل، تنها در چند قدمی امکانات رفاهی مانند یک باشگاه ساحلی خصوصی که خدمات گسترده ساحلی برای صاحبان املاک بصورت جداگانه ارایه میدهد.
آپارتمان 1 خوابه 90 متر مربع با یک اتاق نشیمن، آشپزخانه اوپن، حمام و بالکن است.
آپارتمان 3 اتاق خوابه دوبلکس 253 متر مربع با یک اتاق نشیمن، آشپزخانه اوپن، 2 حمام، حمام در اتاق مستر، 2 بالکن و تراس است.
این ملک فروخته شده است.Kayma Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Voleybol Terimi Olarak Kayma:
Hücum oyuncusunun servis karşılama pozisyonundan üçün bir pozisyona geçmesi. Topa genellikle yan çizgiye doğru "kayarken" vurulur (Slide).
Jimnastik (Cimnastik) Terimi Olarak Kayma:
Cimnastikçinin kulplu beygirde yer değiştirmesi.
Yüzme Terimi Olarak Kayma:
Su yüzeyinde hareket yapmadan ilerleme.
Atletizm Terimi Olarak Kayma:
Gülle atmada, atış için ön hızı kazanmak amacıyla, atma döngüsü içinde yerden yükselmeden atış yerine doğru yapılan sekme.
Benzer Voleybol Terimleri:
Açık Top: 1. Fileden uzakta ve arka alanın hücum çizgisine yakın bölümünde kurulan, rakibin blok zamanlamasını bozmayı amaçlayan oyun. 2. Açık top oyun, file
Kombinezon: File önündeki türlü oyun ve taktikler.
Paralel Giriş: 4 numaralı oyuncunun 1 numaralı sahaya girmesi.
Jet Pas: Sol ön köşeye atılan alçak ve çabuk pas.
İkili Giriş: Pasörün topuna iki oyuncunun birden vurmak için hamle yapması (Entering by apair).
Blok Oyuncusu: File önünde blok yapmak için bekleyen oyuncu (Middle Blocker).
Smaç Plase: Smaç tekniğini kullanıp topa bilekten sert olmayan bir şekilde vurma.
Bant: Filenin üst kenarında ve yan sınırlarında bulunan beyaz renkli kısım (Band).郭嵇绍伟总共犯了15个错误中的5个和6个他们还没有给芬森打电话
泰坦体育的全媒体记者柴福国艾伦和赵奇伟在今年夏天的世界杯中跟随中国男篮。令人失望的结果将男子篮球运动员拖入了舆论的漩涡，而平庸的郭艾伦则受到了更多的批评。 可以说，所有关注中国篮球的人回到联盟后都在观看这些国家运动员的表现。今天的第一次世界大战见证了郭艾伦和赵奇伟艰难的开始。
得知辽宁签下斯蒂芬森后，外界开始担心他和辽宁后场搭档的共存。斯蒂芬森比哈德森吃得更多，没有球技，表现平平。 原来，这三个伙伴都有隐患。郭艾伦和赵奇伟也因为休息调整错过了早点和芬森开始磨合的机会，这导致了今天第一次世界大战中三个人的化学反应不理想。
简单地说，当郭艾伦或赵奇伟持球时，斯蒂芬森会悄悄地在三分线外找到一个角落，辽宁的两名当地控卫在突破时很难找到斯蒂芬森 芬森带球进攻时，他的注意力主要集中在个人得分上，但他只能在内线或侧翼得分，而且他与郭晶晶和赵薇几乎没有接触
结果辽宁队的外线传球被分开了很长时间，但斯蒂芬森仍然有能力挑出1-2名防守队员，郭艾伦和赵奇伟更受影响。
据技术统计，郭艾伦今晚得到12分、4个篮板和5次助攻，但他全失3分、2次投篮和6次失误，而赵奇伟只得到4分、3个篮板和1次助攻。 这两个引擎总共有16分、6次助攻和6次失误，总计15次中有5次失误，3次中有5次失误中有0次失误。 无论如何，这种表演对辽宁来说是很难赢的。
除了和芬森相处不好，郭艾伦和赵奇伟的情况相对正常 前者犯了几个低级错误，或闯入人群投球，或想当然地认为传球被直接打破，而后者没有投篮感觉，有24秒进攻的问题。
明天早上丛军意外受伤，辽宁男篮的内线和侧翼已经很弱了。他们必须依靠外线才能获得更大的优势，但郭艾伦和赵奇伟在这种状态下显然令人担忧。更多精彩文章，尽在https://www.sdsydc.cnAre you ready for climate change? Because it’s not coming…it’s here.It seems there is always an extreme weather event or natural disaster of some sort headlining in the news. It’s become so constant that it’s easy to become inured to the devastation. Unless, of course, you are the village in the Philippines that got swept away by a typhoon, or a US farmer in the Midwest who had to slaughter his cattle early because he could not afford the rising cost of corn to feed them. But take a look at all of these
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时间,他们需要尽可能做出各种各样的搞笑表情把观众逗乐才能得到高分。安妮有趣的表演博得了全场观众的喜爱,评委也为她打出了最高分,然而比赛还未结束,当宣布这位六旬老人获得女子组冠军后,她就因为面部扭曲过度而突然昏倒。幸运的是,安妮在抢救后脱离了危险。
吐樱桃核比赛
每年一次的吐樱桃核比赛于1974年开始举办,参赛者要比赛谁的樱桃核吐得远。比赛共分为青年组、女子组和男子组三个级别,赛会纪录为男子组21.71米,女子组15.24米。
德国举行脱衣扑克比赛 美女输得一丝不挂
2013年1月,在德国汉堡举行了一场特别的扑克大赛,参赛者每当输掉一轮比赛就必须脱掉一件衣服。有参赛的美女因为欠佳的牌技与运气而使自己输得“一丝不挂”。
世界性交比赛 一女大战646男人摘桂冠
2012年12月,波兰首都华沙举办了国际性爱博览会,博览会期间,当地举行了第一届世界集体性交锦标赛,波兰美女菲古拉创下一项新的全球性纪录,即在8小时之内连续不停地与646名男子做爱,一举打破了美国脱星休斯敦所创下的连续与620名男子做爱的旧纪录。Fön çektirmek saçları nasıl etkiler?
Fön çektirmek saç uzamasını engelleyici bir faktör değildir. Saçın uzamasını sağlayan şey kan dolaşımıdır. Saçın uzamasını sağlayan iç faktör olup, dış faktör değildir. Fön ısı sayesinde saçta bir kuruluk yapabilir ama fönü yanlış kullanırsanız bunu yapabilir. Şu an fön öncesi kullanılan bir sürü losyonumuz ve kremimiz var. Bu tür losyon ve kremler saçın kuruması engelliyorlar.
Ayrıca fönün dayanıklılığını sağlıyor. En önemli şey çok kuru saça fön çekmemek gerekiyor. Sprey ve jölenin köpüğünün çok fazla olmaması gerekiyor.
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Çok sıcak fön kullanılmamalıdır.
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Çok kuru saça fön çekilmemelidir.
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Fön öncesi bakım ürünleri kullanılmalıdır.
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Fön sonrası serum tarzı ürünler kullanılmalıdır.عنوان 29 تا 18 اسفند 1400 بود که شورای عالی بورس با حضور وزیر اقتصاد تشکیل جلسه داد و مقرر شد نماد معاملاتی شرکت های سپرده گذاری استان پس از ارائه اوراق سهام، سهام باشد. مدل پیشنهادی برای بازنگری در مقررات قانونی آزادسازی سهام.
رژیم شرکت های سهامی استانی از دیروز تا امروز
سه روز بعد سخنگوی مرکز شرکت های سرمایه گذاری منطقه به یکی از رسانه ها گفت: در آخرین جلسه شورای عالی بورس تصمیمی گرفته شد و بر اساس آن مقرر شد تاسیس شود. یک دفتر مشترک این گروه تکلیف موضوعات مهم سهام را تعیین کرد و بر اساس تصمیم مذکور، موضوعات مربوط به سهام از جمله فعالیت شرکت های سرمایه گذاری منطقه ای تا پایان سال با تشکیل مجامع بررسی و تکلیف مشخص شد. “
با این حال چهار ماه می گذرد و خبری از توزیع سهام نیست تا اینکه دستیار رئیس سازمان بورس گفت: انشالله در خردادماه تصمیمات نهایی درباره این شرکت گرفته می شود. اعمال تغییرات و الحاقات به اساسنامه سهام».
وزیر اقتصاد در نشست خبری خود در 9 خرداد 1401 گفت: در جلسات اخیر شورای عالی بورس کارهای مقدماتی به پایان رسید و در سال 1401 مردم شاهد تغییر رویه ها بودند. مشارکت واقعی در مالکیت و مدیریت بنگاه ها و شرکت های سرمایه گذاری در حوزه سهام.
اما در 29 تیرماه سال گذشته، دبیر کل اتحادیه شرکت های سرمایه گذاری منطقه ای، برگزاری انتخابات و گشایش کدها را شرط تکمیل مصوبات اجرایی دانست. اصلاحات اساسنامه اجرایی در مراحل پایانی است و امیدواریم تا یک ماه آینده تکمیل شود.
چهار روز بعد، رئیس سازمان بورس گفت: چندین آیین نامه اجرایی تغییر کرده و این تغییرات ظرف 14 روز آینده یا حداکثر تا اواسط مردادماه سال جاری و پس از آن اجرایی می شود. تجارت شرکت های سهامی می تواند آغاز شود.”
دو ماه دیگر گذشت و خبری از بورس نبود تا اینکه وزیر اقتصاد چهارم شهریور در حاشیه سفر به آذربایجان غربی گفت: برخی از آیین نامه های اجرایی تغییر کرده و تا 14 روز آینده یا حداکثر تا 14 روز آینده. در اواسط مرداد ماه سال جاری” تغییرات اعمال شده است و پس از آن می توانیم نسبت به معاملات شرکت های سهامی اقدام کنیم.”
نیمه آخر شهریور 1401 نیز به پایان رسید و خبری از سهام نبود تا اینکه قربانزدا رئیس وقت سازمان خصوصی سازی از مدل جدید در شرکت های سهامی استانی یاد کرد و توضیح داد: در مدل جدید اقداماتی انجام شد. . این اتفاق میافتد که اولاً ثبات ایجاد شود، ثانیاً ذینفع انحصاری میتواند سهام این شرکتهای سرمایهگذاری را تا سقف مشخصی خریداری کند و سایر مسائل کوچک این رویداد در واقع حل شود، اکنون جلسات شرکتهای سرمایهگذاری منطقهای برگزار میشود. برگزار می شود و کد آنها نیز باز می شود، پویا این اتفاق در مدیریت و مالکیت سهام عدالت می افتد.
آیا غیبت در جلسات سخت است؟
پیمون حدادی مشاور رئیس سازمان بورس یکی از دلایل مهم بازگشایی نشدن کدهای بورسی، برگزاری مجمع است و دلایل مختلفی برای برگزاری مجمع ذکر نشده است. در مورد مسائل سهم در نشست خبری آبان 1401 گفته شد. شکست مجامع شرکت های سهامی به دلیل عدم مجوز شورای عالی بورس بوده و گفته است: ساماندهی سهام. صرافی و بانک پس انداز مرکزی این شرکت برای جلسات آماده شده و اکنون آماده میزبانی از آنها است. اما مرجعی که در نهایت باید مجوز ذخیره یا آنلاک توکن ها را بدهد، شورای عالی بورس است که هنوز این کار را نکرده است. امیدواریم تا یک ماه آینده این مشکل حل شود.
رئیس سازمان خصوصی سازی قربانزدا نهم آذرماه گفت: بر اساس مدل جدید که در ماه آینده به تصویب شورای عالی بورس خواهد رسید، به زودی مجامع این شرکت ها برگزار می شود.
17 مردادماه خبری مبنی بر دریافت مجوز سازمان بورس از شورای عالی منتشر شد و اکنون در اختیار مدیر کنترل ناشران سازمان بورس است. وی گفت: تصمیم برای گشایش کدهای شرکت های سرمایه گذاری سهام در شورا پس از اخذ بورس، شرکت ها برای برگزاری مجامع باید اطلاعات خود را به روز رسانی و افشا کنند. همچنین بازگشایی کد شرکت با تصویب شورا انجام می شود.
23 مردادماه سال جاری یکی از نمایندگان مجلس در شورای عالی بورس گفت: آیین نامه ای درباره نحوه برگزاری مجامع شرکت های سهامی منطقه ای ابلاغ شده است.
مرحله تایید و بررسی این شرکت ها به پایان رسیده و آیین نامه برگزاری مجامع نیز ابلاغ شده است، اما تاکنون کدها و سهامداران استان و افرادی که کد سهام را در بازار دوم گم کرده اند و انجام می دهند. خود به منابع مالی دسترسی ندارند و مسئولان فقط گفته اند که در ماه های آینده افتتاح می شود، اما معلوم نیست چه روزی خواهد بود.With higher responsibility come many demands and challenges. For a student, sticking to a routine such as waking up every day at 5 AM to do assignments or clean the classroom locker can be painstakingly difficult. Sometimes you go to bed a little late and too tired to obey the alarm.
The best thing is to snooze it, something experts say is being irresponsible. But given that everyone is sometimes forced to loathe the morning alarm, waking up early is a big challenge pegged on whether one is able to cultivate intrinsic motivation or has to rely on external triggers.
Most people think they are responsible. But do you think you can write about responsibility? When students were assigned to write about responsibility most of them didn’t really know what to say.
Yes, writing essays on responsibility can be a bit challenging. However, this subject was something students really struggled to write about. If you cannot find the best essay examples on the subject it’s ok to hire a paper helper. After all, an essay on responsibility isn’t going to be one page, unless you are only defining it.
Often, students have a lot of explaining to do, not to mention that papers that need referencing aren’t everyone instant cup of coffee. This post takes the burden of writing such a paper off your back. By exploring how teachers can help students cultivate or develop personal responsibility, you can help yourself learn and attain responsibility in your life as well. Take a look.
5 Ways How to Help Students Develop Personal Responsibility:
1. Define responsibility on a personal level.
The truth is that while hard work is necessary, there are many facets that help define the responsibility of students in school. On this premise, teachers should help learners understand the consequences of their actions by, first of all, explaining that personal responsibility and self discipline go together. From keeping classrooms free of litter, body grooming to finishing assignments on time, there are many practical examples that shed light on the meaning of responsibility. What’s important is to define what responsibility means for yourself. This way you will have a clear idea of what you need to strive toward, what you need to develop.
2. Set a good example.
It is ridiculous to teach students about personal responsibility when you are not responsible yourself. Think about it this way, you walk into a classroom to advise students on the need to look smart at all times. You say, ‘cleanliness is next godliness,’ but you look shabbily dressed. The best way to help students cultivate a sense of responsibility is by setting a good example. Be a teacher whose actions learners would want to emulate.
3. Provide a clear guideline on expectations.
Another way of teaching responsibility to students is defining expectations within the realms of academia or outside it. Are there situations that call for your help? What of the things students should handle independently? By understanding and providing answers to these two questions, expectations on the part of a student becomes clearly defined. Students will either submit or fail an assignment on time for couple of reasons. It could be that you set expectations too high. Therefore, as a teacher, before expecting the highest level of responsibility from your students, it is important that you help them corroborate on things they don’t understand. Tell them, for example, how you need an essay written. And if they still do not fathom it, take a step further and provide a practical guideline.
4. Let them know about the outcomes of irresponsibility.
There is always a chance that a student or two will not live up to your expectations even after providing clear guidelines on how to do assignments. And so, how do you go about administering punishment on such learners who fail to observe rules of engagement? Well, personal responsibility comes with checks and balances, so to speak. However, failure shouldn’t go unpunished. It brings to the fore consequences or outcomes which good or bad behavior attract. Should a responsible student fail to submit the assignment on time, you can help them to understand the consequences that come with unmet expectations and irresponsibility. For example, keeping a lazy student who hasn’t finished homework in class during fun time is one way of going about it. While it denies one a chance to take a break or have fun, it is often the best way of helping learners understand the consequences of irresponsibility.
5. Turn it into a challenge and praise good behavior.
Students love to prove their prowess. Now, with that in the mind, turning everything into a challenge or game will inspire everyone to participate. If, say, you set 4 PM as the deadline of an assignment, reward those who play by the rules through praises or any other form of incentives. You can also ask students to formulate research paper topics then reward the best performer. Whether it is a group assignment or a class duty roaster mandatory school activities, experts opine, help students succeed in academics.
In summary, there are many ways to help students develop personal responsibility but even with the tips above, keep it in mind that kindness goes a long way, especially if it’s well received. Also, remember that example is more effective than definitions or giving essay samples on the subject. Teaching responsibility to students and the importance of personal responsibility is best realized through behavior reinforcement.Phase G—Clarification through Communication
“I have clarified the overall progression or argument underlying my research and the written reports I am starting to prepare.”
Preparing to communicate about your project does not presuppose that you have finished your planned research. That could continue until the day you submit your final report. Indeed, at this half-way point in the project, you will probably still be refining the direction (Phase A
) and scope (Phase D
) of your research as well as filling in Background Information (Phase B
). In Phase G, which spans several sessions, you clarify your thinking by preparing to communicate your work-in-progress to others, all the while continuing your research.
Tools and Processes
In session 8
Extract the Overall Argument
stated or implied in a previous researcher's project report.
Draft a sequence of Visual Aids
, both to prepare for Work-in-Progress Presentation
and to clarify your Overall Argument.
In session 9
Take a turn practicing your Work-in-Progress Presentation in front of a subset of your peers. From everyone's feedback to each other and from your own experience doing your practice run, clarify further your Overall Argument and revise your Visual Aids.
In session 10
Work-in-Progress Presentation to all your peers, advisors, and, if possible, a wider audience with feedback given in Plus-Delta
mode or, time permitting, through more extended Q&A periods.
After session 10
Digest feedback on Work-in-Progress Presentation.
Building on your Work-in-Progress Presentation, start the process of outlining, writing, and revision, all the while continuing your research.
By session 11
Complete a Narrative Outline
. Resist the temptation to give your report a short, cryptic title. Instead, create a long and descriptive title, because that helps to orient your readers as well as keeping you on track as you write. Follow the title by your Governing Question
and Paragraph Overview
, both of which may need to be revised since your most recent submission. Having all these items at the start of the outline will help you monitor whether you are writing what you set out to. It will also help readers offer well-focused feedback.
Around session 11
Explore your Writing Preferences
to identify strengths you can rely on and skills you need to work hard to develop.
As you draft and revise your writing under Phase H
, Compelling Communication, continue to work on clarifying and refining your Overall Argument
and keep in mind what you have learned by exploring your Writing Preferenceslunedì 24 dicembre 2012
in questi giorni interagisco con la duenne
che conversa fluentemente con
persone viventi, pupazzi, amici immaginari
mettendoci lo stesso identico trasporto ed entusiasmo
ecco quindi che aggiorno il dizionario
estendendolo a frasario
prima di dimenticare tutto come mio
solito
tappo caduto sotto la sedia:
"non ci arrivo a prenderlo"
"ci ho arrivata"
si dice ci sono arrivata, amore
"ci sono arrivata"
"ma porca miseria è caduto ancora"
minestra:
"la rovescio e poi mescolo"
intendendo il tavolo
piadina calda:
"me la dai qui che la soffio?"
cartellone pubblicitario all'angolo della via:
"chi ha fatto quel disegno?"
pausa
"la mamma"
(che tesoro! ma era la foto di una cucina)
"come stai barbapapà?
bene"
è solita conversare con i pupazzi
mettendo loro in bocca le risposte
(niente di più pratico)
di una delle ultime mattine:
"non andare a lavorare! per favore!" in lacrime
cuore strappato in coriandoli
"vuoi funzionarlo"
intendendo una foto sul monitor
(la vorrebbe in movimento)
o alternativamente un qualsiasi apparecchio
elettrico-elettronico
ipercorrettismi:
"toglio io" (tolgo)
"puliscio io" (pulisco)
"stivalo" (singolare di stivali)
"wudo" (singolare di wudy aia)
congiuntivo??!?!??!!:
"mi sembrano che siano i palloncini"
riferito a scarabocchi circolari
da lei eseguiti
"aspetta, devo fare una cosa delicata"
"via via talpa! sei proprio dispettosa,
ti mando via, perché sei cattiva"
(riferendosi alla talpa
presente tra le pagine di
gaspare il terribile, che a quanto pare
le ha fatto un po' paura...)
e a dire il vero fa paura anche a me, adesso,
perché me la immagino gigante e ammantata,
come i mostri di "the village",
che si aggira non vista, eppure
percepita dall'occhio esp della bimba
(immagine un po' troppo kinghiana persino per me)
aiuto
ho paura
domenica 23 dicembre 2012
il periodo è alquanto strano:
soddisfacente
avvilente
preoccupante
divertente
imbarazzante
tutto in uno
come il detersivo per la lavastoviglie
messa da parte ogni velleità
anche lavare i piatti
può essere una soddisfazione
o bere una tisana
o vincere un premio in denaro per avere
perso alcuni chili di troppo
e insieme a questo,
che già di per sè può apparire surreale,
trascorrere una serata ai confini della realtà
(un inedito episodio di black mirror?)
mentre si sentenzia
"avessi saputo che era così non sarei venuta"
ma con un sorriso grande così
tutto molto strano
ps
collega-amica in sala insegnanti: "posso farti una
domanda imbarazzante?
sei dimagrita?"
"sì, un po'" rispondo e nel frattempo penso:
non è questa la domanda imbarazzante,
qu
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devotional manual published by The Church Union, A Manual of Catholic Devotion: For Members of the Church of England, includes the Athanasian Creed with the prayers for Mattins, with the note: "Said on certain feasts at Mattins instead of the Apostles' Creed". The Episcopal Church, based in the United States, has never provided for its use in worship, but added it to its Book of Common Prayer for the first time in 1979, where it is included in small print in a reference section, "Historical Documents of the Church". The Anglo-Catholic devotional manual Saint Augustine's Prayer Book, first published in 1947 and revised in 1967, includes the Athanasian Creed under "Devotions to the Holy Trinity".
In Roman Catholic churches, it was traditionally said at Prime on Sundays when the Office was of the Sunday. The 1911 reforms reduced that to Sundays after Epiphany and Pentecost and on Trinity Sunday, except when a commemoration of a double feast or a day within an Octave occurred. The 1960 reforms further reduced its use to once a year, on Trinity Sunday. It has been effectively dropped from the Catholic liturgy since the Second Vatican Council. It is, however, maintained in the rite of exorcism of the Roman Rite. Opus Dei members recite it on the third Sunday of every month.
In Lutheranism, the Athanasian Creed is, along with the Apostles' and the Nicene Creed, one of the three ecumenical creeds and is placed at the beginning of the 1580 Book of Concord, the historic collection of authoritative doctrinal statements (confessions) of the Lutheran Church. It is still used in the liturgy on Trinity Sunday.
A common visualisation of the first half of the Creed is the Shield of the Trinity.
Quicunque Vult commonly called The Creed of Saint Athanasius Whosoever will be saved, before all things it is necessary that he hold the Catholic Faith. [...]Figlio di Lyda Gray ed Eugen Ezra Hackman[1][2], ha un fratello di nome Richard. La famiglia Hackman si spostò da un posto all'altro fino a giungere a Danville nell'Illinois, dove vissero nella casa della nonna materna, Beatrice. I suoi genitori divorziarono quando aveva 13 anni; la madre morì nel 1962 perché il letto su cui fumava prese fuoco[3].
A 16 anni entrò nei Marines, dove si prestò come radio-operatore per tre anni; si trasferì quindi a New York, occupandosi in diversi lavoretti, prima di frequentare l'Università dell'Illinois.
All'età di 26 anni, Gene Hackman decise di diventare attore, quindi raggiunse la Pasadena Playhouse in California.
Il suo esordio sul grande schermo arriva agli inizi degli anni sessanta in alcuni musical, come Ride wit...
Biografia completa (wikipedia)
FILMOGRAFIA COMPLETA3 Groups of People Who Couldn't Vote in the 1800s
25 JUN 2018
The U.S. has restricted voting rights based on arbitrary categories like gender, race and social class since it was founded in 1776. In spite of the Constitution's lofty promises and inclusive rhetoric on behalf of "we the people," each century in U.S. history has seen new, localized battles over voting rights. The 19th century -- marked by North-South tensions and the Civil War -- was particularly fraught for anyone who was not a white male, preferably a white male property-owner.
1 Native Americans
Native Americans were not considered citizens during the 1800s, meaning they could not vote in U.S. elections. There were white-led efforts during the 1800s that paved the way for a few Native American men to earn citizenship as a reward for cultural assimilation. Some did, but members of tribes that resisted deportation and surrender were refused the vote throughout the century -- and, indeed, until 1957, when all states finally implemented the Native American Suffrage Act of 1924.
Except in some isolated cases at the state level, women were not permitted to vote in the United States during the 19th century. One notable exception was the territory of Wyoming, which had long enforced women's suffrage by the time it became a state in 1890. Women's suffrage was granted by the 19th Amendment in August 1920 after an intense struggle that included the jailing and beating of many suffragists, as well as the force-feeding of some who went on hunger strikes. Still, state-level regulations that restricted the rights of the illiterate, people of color and others continued to prevent some women from voting.
Most African-Americans could not vote throughout most of the 1800s. Black men were officially enfranchised in 1870 by the 14th Amendment. During the years immediately following the Civil War, black male voting skyrocketed. But in 1875, the Supreme Court limited the rights of the federal government to enforce black suffrage, and organized suppression of the black vote spread throughout the South. Following the Supreme Court decision, Southern states laid the groundwork for what became known as Jim Crow -- laws that turned away many African-Americans due to illiteracy or inability to pay a poll tax. The expansion of the Ku Klux Klan in the first half of the 20th century accompanied attacks on black voters at polling stations, often ignored or even supported by local police. Jim Crow was not reversed until the Civil Rights Act of 1965. The poll tax was required in federal elections until Congress passed the 24th Amendment in 1964; it was not outlawed at the state level until a Supreme Court decision in 1966 found poll taxes unconstitutional.
4 Legacies of Voter Disenfranchisement
In July 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned a major provision of the Voting Rights Act that had forced precincts with histories of voter discrimination to get changes in voting procedure approved by the Justice Department before implementation. On the day it was overturned, state governments in North Carolina and Texas introduced expansive changes in voting; the NAACP and state Democrats charged that the changes explicitly targeted poor people and people of color. When the U.S. Congress failed to produce a new formula for determining pre-clearance requirements, it fell to the Justice Department to handle voting rights challenges on a piecemeal basis.
- 1 Archives.gov: Constitution of the United States
- 2 AmericasLibrary.gov: Congress Granted Citizenship to All Native Americans Born in the U.S.
- 3 University of Nevada-Las Vegas School of Law: Citizenship and Suffrage -- The Native American Struggle for Civil Rights in the American West, 1830-1965
- 4 Archives.gov: 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution - Women's Right to Vote
- 5 Scholastic.com: Women's Suffrage
- 6 Justice.gov: The Voting Rights Act of 1965
- 7 The Daily Beast: The Supreme Court’s Ruling and the End of the Civil-Rights Era- Video Konferans
- Medya teknolojisi
- Hizmetler
- Destek
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Polycom eğitim kurumları için özel olarak geliştirilmiş bu paketle, kısa süre önce tanıtımı yapılan Polycom UC Board ürününü Kasım 2011 tarihinden itibaren ve bir yıl boyunca 50 x m100 telepresence lisansı da dahil olmak üzere, Polycom RealPresence Room HDX 7000 (seçenek olarak HDX 8000) ile birlikte önerecektir. Bu telepresence sistemleri, gerekli bant genişliğini %50 oranında azaltan, standart tabanlı H.264 High Profile teknolojisiyle birlikte, kullanıcılarına yüksek kalitede ses ve HD video iletişimi sunmaktadır. Polycom UC Board video konferanslarda iletişim ve işbirliğini çok daha geliştiren, yenilikçi bir beyaz tahta çözümüdür. Polycom'un bu önerisinin arka planında, 2011 Ağustos ayında Almanya, Fransa, Büyük Britanya, Rusya ve Kuzey Avrupa ülkelerinden 500 öğretmen ve doçentle gerçekleştirilen anket yatmaktadır. Söz konusu anket öğretmenler için -- kişisel iletişimin mümkün olmadığı durumlarda - video konferans veliler, öğrenciler ve meslektaşlarla iletişim kurmanın en yeğlenen yöntemidir. İncelemenin özetini BURADA bulabilirsiniz..
Buradan, Görsel - İşitsel İletişim hakkındaki basılı veya elektronik kataloğunuzu ücretsiz sipariş edebilirsiniz.
„Bir uzaktan eğitim sisteminin başlıca avantajlarından biri; öğrencilerin kayıtlara basit bir şekilde ve doğrudan erişebilmesidir.“
Prof. Dr. Sönke Knutzen
HAMBURG/HARBURG Teknik ÜniversitesiWhen something seems a little mysterious or we just don’t understand what is going on we like to describe it with the adjective ‘dark’.
This is one of the reasons why the term ‘dark’ matter got coined which was first proposed to explain the anomaly observed in the rotational velocities of galaxies. That is – the observed rotational velocities of the gas and dust at the outer edges of a galaxy is rotating just as fast as the gas and dust near its center. This anomaly was first noted in 1978 by Vera Rubin and W. Kent Ford who made precise measurements utilizing a new instrument that Ford himself had designed. At first, they thought their data could be erroneous, but then their results were corroborated by subsequent observations of galactic rotational velocities, suggesting that there was indeed an anomaly between what is expected and what was observed!
So, what is going on here?
Well, to determine the mass of a celestial body some assumptions must be made about how things are expected to work – that is, the known laws of physics are taken into consideration. These assumptions or laws are then applied to what is observed such that the mass can be determined. As direct measurements for the mass of a celestial body cannot be made – astronomers instead observe the emitted light and look how it changes with time. An analysis of how the light changes with time reveals the dynamics of the system e.g. the velocity, which, based on the laws of physics, allows for the determination of the mass. For example, in the case of galaxies their rotational velocities are calculated through the measurement of their Doppler shifts in the light spectra. These calculated velocities are then plotted against their respective distance away from the galactic center, producing a rotation curve.
To measure the Doppler shift, astronomers disperse the light using a spectrograph (i.e. a prism), allowing the spectral lines – representing the electron transitions between orbitals – to be observed. These spectral lines will be of a specific wavelength depending on the atomic transition – but as well the wavelength will be shifted i.e. shortened or increased due to the gas moving towards or away from the astronomer’s line of sight. This technique is used to measure the rotational velocities.
To determine the rotation curve of the Galaxy we need to observe the light emitted from the galaxy. However, the visible light from stars suffer from interstellar extinction – where the light cannot penetrate the galactic dust clouds – and are therefore not the best source of galactic light. Instead, neutral hydrogen which exists in low density regions of the interstellar medium and emits light with a wavelength of 21cm – known as the Hydrogen 21-cm Line – is used. In the case of neutral hydrogen – the 21-cm wavelength (1420 MHz) radiation comes from the transition between the two levels of the hydrogen ground state.
Now from the known laws of physics one can assume that the velocity will change with distance, where in the case of a rigid or homogeneous system – like that assumed for the galactic nucleus – the velocity will be proportional to the distance, i.e. the velocity will increase with radius.
So, taking all this into account we would expect a galaxy rotation curve somewhat like this,
However, even with this more accurate observation using the 21cm-Hydrogen line, the resulting rotation curve is not as expected,
So how can we explain this rotation curve – why does it increase in velocity and then flatten? Based on what we know and just discussed one would assume that the proportionality constant in the equation governing the Keplerian dynamics would need to NOT be constant. That is – the mass would need to increase with respect to the radius, keeping the velocity approximately constant. As there is no observed extra mass it was thus proposed that the extra mass must be a different kind of mass that is undetectable i.e. ‘dark’.
Now although this idea of dark matter seemed new, it had already been proposed by the likes of Zwicky – who back in 1933, through the study of galactic velocities in the Coma Cluster, concluded that the total mass required to hold the Cluster together is about 400 times larger than what is observed . This was then expounded upon by the work of many others and is still an active area of research. Today it is calculated that ~ 85% of all matter is ‘dark’ matter.
So, what is dark matter except for being an unknown entity?
Shortly after the idea of dark matter first gained momentum, several theories were put forward proposing possible sources e.g. ‘dark’ objects formed at the early epoch of the Universe ; dark remnants of Population III stars (the original stars formed after the big bang and thus composed entirely of primordial gas) such as white dwarfs, neutron stars or black holes ; and exotic elementary particles such as massive neutrinos .
The idea of massive neutrinos was shortly put to bed when the mass of an electron neutrino was measured to be 30 eV and an argument based on the Pauli exclusion principle – which states that two or more identical fermions cannot simultaneously occupy the same quantum state – showed that individual galaxy halos could not be made of neutrinos with masses that small .
A plethora of candidates were subsequently put into the lime light, the main characteristic being the fact that they are not detected in the known electromagnetic wavebands. It was thus assumed that this dark matter object will not significantly interact with the electromagnetic spectrum and only interacts via gravity or any other force which is as weak as, or weaker than the weak nuclear force. That is, they are very quiet and don’t communicate too well – much like some scientists.
In the early universe the materialization of particles and anti-particles from radiant energy through pair production – and the subsequent destruction through annihilation – were in equilibrium. That is the production rates for both the particles and the photons were the same as their destruction rates such that no photon and/or particle was permanent, just continuously fluctuating in and out of existence. As the universe cooled the energy was not sufficient for pair production and thus the number of particles and photons decreased until the particle interaction probability reached a critical low such that particle annihilation ceased, and the number density (number of particles) stabilized. For a specific particle, the number density that stabilization occurs depends on the particles mass. For a dark matter candidate, it would need to be sufficiently massive and slow moving (sub-relativistic) such that it could clump together and form the structure we observe today. This is the general view of dark matter and is referred to as the Cold Dark Matter model.
Supersymmetry – one of the candidate theories for quantum gravity, which focuses on the relationship between ordinary particles (fermions) and ‘force carrying’ entities (bosons) – predicts new elementary particles that fit the description of a weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) e.g. higgsinos, sneutrinos, squarks, selectrons.
Source: New Scientist
The lightest of these stable supersymmetric particles is the neutralino which happens to have a calculated number density approximately equal to the known density of dark matter. The neutralino is thus the most likely candidate for a WIMP and with a mass is within the energy levels that can be detected at particle accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Note, any detection of the WIMP particle at the LHC would not be direct, instead it would be in the form of missing energy of the specific order. However, as yet no such detection has been made.
Direct detection of a WIMP would be the optimum confirmation of dark matter, however as they are weakly interacting it is an extremely low probability that they will interact, let alone that we would detect such a small energy range interaction. However, there are many experiments dedicated to detecting the interaction of a WIMP with atomic matter. Depending on the material of the detector e.g. silicon, germanium, sodium iodide etc., phonons – vibrations in the atomic lattice – and/or scintillation – luminescence from ionized electrons – can be detected. To reduce background events, these experiments operate deep underground and at extremely cold temperatures where they are shielded from cosmic rays and thermal excitations are minimized. Although numerous experiments are actively searching e.g. Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL), Large Underground Xenon experiment (LUX), Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Laboratories (SNOLAB) and the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), to date no WIMP has been detected.
These underground experimental methods allow for another source of indirect detection – through the detection of neutrinos. If we assume that WIMPS are the dark matter particle and exist in the halo of galaxies, then they would have been passing through our local surroundings and at some point, in the last several billion years, they would have been scattered by nuclei. This loss in energy would have trapped the WIMPS in the gravitational well of the Sun and/or Earth until the number density sufficiently increased for annihilation to occur. Annihilation of WIMPs results in high-energy neutrinos, so based on this reasoning you would expect a stream of neutrinos to be emanating from the sun. Neutrinos produced in nuclear reactions in the solar core have a much lower energy than the neutrinos produced through WIMP annihilation. As well, these higher-energy neutrinos interact in the atmosphere of the Earth producing muons. However, muons are also created through cosmic ray interaction with the Earth’s atmosphere so again, to reduce background events the detectors are placed deep underground. Detectors such as the Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA), the South Pole Neutrino Observatory (IceCube) and the Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss environmental RESearch project (ANTARES) are all searching for a signal, but these methods have also been to no avail.
Annihilation of WIMPS also produce gamma rays, which has been another focus of searching for these elusive dark matter particles. This annihilation is expected to take place in galactic halos and could be detected through an excess of gamma rays. However, distinguishing between gamma rays due to annihilation and those from the various astrophysical sources has proven difficult. For example a recent study using data from the Large Area Telescope on NASA’s Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope have suggested that the excess source of gamma ray emission may instead be a well-known population of pulsars.
The myriad of experiments and searching techniques have so far revealed no positive results, so it looks like the most promising candidate – WIMPS – is finally facing defeat and a team of leading scientists attending a workshop on new ideas in dark matter have been encouraged to look elsewhere
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preparations In tropical cultivation, soil erosion is a major problem. Therefore, the soil treatment has to be as shallow as possible. Plowing is required only for high planting densities. In low planting densities, “it is better to dig pits and refill them with the soil. This ensures good root system penetration without causing too much land erosion. The pits must be 30 to 50 cm deep, and 20 to 40 cm wide.”
Propagation Moringa can be propagated from seed or cuttings. Direct seeding is possible because the germination rate of M. oleifera is high. After 12 days, the germination rate is about 85%. Production in seedbeds or containers is very time-consuming. In these techniques, the plants can be better protected from insects and other pests. They are also used in areas where soil erosion is a problem.
Cuttings of 1 m length and a diameter of at least 4 cm can be also used for propagation. At least one third of the cutting must be buried in the soil. In the Philippines, moringa is propagated by planting 1– to 2-m-long limb cuttings, preferably from June to August. It can also be propagated by seeds, which are planted an inch below the surface and can be germinated year-round in well-draining soil.
Planting For intensive leaf production, “the spacing of plants should be 15 x 15 cm or 20 x 10 cm, with conveniently spaced alleys (for example: every 4 m) to facilitate plantation management and harvests. Another option is to space the seeding lines 45 cm apart and to sow every 5 cm on those lines. One can also space the lines only 30 cm apart and sow at a larger distance on the lines (10 to 20 cm)”. Weeding and disease prevention are difficult because of the high density. In a semi-intensive production, the plants are spaced 50 cm to 1 m apart. This gives good results with less maintenance.
Moringa trees can also be cultivated in alleys, as natural fences and associated with other crops. The distance between moringa rows in an agroforestry cultivation are usually between 2 and 4 meters. In Haiti, it is used as fencing and windbreaks on farms.
BREEDING In India, from where moringa most likely originated, the diversity of wild types is large. This gives a good basis for breeding programs. In countries where moringa has been introduced, the diversity is usually much smaller among the cultivar types. Locally well-adapted wild types,though, can be found in most regions.
Because moringa is cultivated and used in different ways, there are different breeding aims. The breeding aims for an annual or a perennial plant are obviously different. The yield stability of fruits is an important breeding aim for the commercial cultivation in India, where moringa is cultivated as an annual. On less favorable locations, perennial cultivation has big advantages. Erosion is much smaller with perennial cultivation. In Pakistan, varieties have been tested for their nutritional composition of the leaves on different locations. The different breeding aims result in a different selection. India selects for a higher number of pods and dwarf or semidwarf varieties. Breeders in Tanzania, though, are selecting for higher oil content.
YIELD AND HARVEST M. oleifera can be cultivated for its leaves, pods, and/or its kernels for oil extraction and water purification. The yields vary widely, depending on season, variety, fertilization, and irrigation regimen. Moringa yields best under warm, dry conditions with some supplemental fertilizer and irrigation. Harvest is done manually with knives, sickles, and stabs with hooks attached. Pollarding, coppicing and lopping or pruning are recommended to promote branching, increase production and facilitate harvesting.
FRUITS When the plant is grown from cuttings, the first harvest can take place 6–8 months after planting. Often, the fruits are not produced in the first year, and the yield is generally low during the first few years. By year two, it produces around 300 pods, by year 3 around 400-500. A good tree can yield 1000 or more pods. In India, a hectare can produce 31 tons of pods per year. Under North Indian conditions, the fruits ripen during the summer. Sometimes, particularly in South India, flowers and fruit appear twice a year, so two harvests occur, in July to September and March to April.
LEAVES Average yields of 6 tons/ha/year in fresh matter can be achieved. The harvest differs strongly between the rainy and dry seasons, with 1120 kg/ha per harvest and 690 kg/ha per harvest, respectively. The leaves and stems can be harvested from the young plants 60 days after seeding and then another seven times in the year. At every harvest, the plants are cut back to within 60 cm of the ground. In some production systems, the leaves are harvested every 2 weeks.
The cultivation of M. oleifera can also be done intensively with irrigation and fertilization with suitable varieties. Trials in Nicaragua with 1 million plants per hectare and 9 cuttings/year over 4 years gave an average fresh matter production of 580 metric tons/ha/year, equivalent to about 174 metric tons of fresh leaves.
OIL One estimate for yield of oil from kernels is 250 l/ha. The oil can be used as a food supplement, as a base for cosmetics, and for hair and the skin.
PESTS AND DISEASES The moringa tree is not affected by any serious diseases in its native or introduced ranges. In India, several insect pests are seen, including various caterpillars such as the bark-eating caterpillar, the hairy caterpillar or the green leaf caterpillar. The budworms Noctuidae are known to cause serious defoliation. Damaging agents can also be aphids, stem borers, and fruit flies. In some regions, termites can also cause minor damage. If termites are numerous in soils, insects management costs are not bearable.
The moringa tree is a host to Leveillula taurica, a powdery mildew which causes damage in papaya crops in south India. Cultivation management should therefore be checked.
NUTRIENTS Moringa oleifera leaf, raw Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) Energy 64 kcal (270 kJ) Carbohydrates 8.28 g Dietary fiber 2.0 g Fat 1.40 g Protein 9.40 g Vitamins Vitamin A equiv. (47%) 378 μg
Thiamine (B1) (22%) 0.257 mg
Riboflavin (B2) (55%) 0.660 mg
Niacin (B3) (15%) 2.220 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5) (3%) 0.125 mg
Vitamin B6 (92%) 1.200 mg
Folate (B9) (10%) 40 μg
Vitamin C (62%) 51.7 mg
Minerals Calcium (19%) 185 mg
Iron (31%) 4.00 mg
Magnesium (41%) 147 mg
Manganese (17%) 0.36 mg
Phosphorus (16%) 112 mg
Potassium (7%) 337 mg
Sodium (1%) 9 mg
Zinc (6%) 0.6 mg
Other constituents Water 78.66 g Units μg = micrograms • mg = milligrams IU = International units Percentages are roughly approximated usingUS recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database M. oleifera pods, raw Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) Energy 37 kcal (150 kJ) Carbohydrates 8.53 g Dietary fiber 3.2 g Fat 0.20 g Protein 2.10 g Vitamins Vitamin A equiv. (1%) 4 μg
Thiamine (B1) (5%) 0.0530 mg
Riboflavin (B2) (6%) 0.074 mg
Niacin (B3) (4%) 0.620 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5) (16%) 0.794 mg
Vitamin B6 (9%) 0.120 mg
Folate (B9) (11%) 44 μg
Vitamin C (170%) 141.0 mg
Minerals Calcium (3%) 30 mg
Iron (3%) 0.36 mg
Magnesium (13%) 45 mg
Manganese (12%) 0.259 mg
Phosphorus (7%) 50 mg
Potassium (10%) 461 mg
Sodium (3%) 42 mg
Zinc (5%) 0.45 mg
Other constituents Water 88.20 g Units μg = micrograms • mg = milligrams IU = International units Percentages are roughly approximated usingUS recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database Many parts of the moringa are edible. Regional uses of the moringa as food vary widely, and include:
The immature seed pods, called “drumsticks”, are popular in Asia and Africa. Leaves are eaten, particularly in Cambodia, the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, and Africa. Mature seeds Flowers Oil pressed from the mature seeds Roots In some regions, the young seed pods are most commonly eaten, while in others, the leaves are the most commonly used part of the plant. The flowers are edible when cooked and are said to taste like mushrooms.
LEAVES Nutritional content of 100 g of fresh M. oleifera leaves (about 5 cups) is shown in the table (right; USDA data), while other studies of nutrient values are available.[
Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) leaves with flowers in Kolkata, West Bengal,India
The leaves are the most nutritious part of the plant, being a significant source of B vitamins, vitamin C, provitamin A as beta-carotene, vitamin K, manganese, and protein, among other essential nutrients. When compared with common foods particularly high in certain nutrients per 100 g fresh weight, cooked moringa leaves are considerable sources of these same nutrients. Some of the calcium in moringa leaves is bound as crystals of calcium oxalate though at levels 1/25th to 1/45th of that found in spinach, which is a negligible amount.
The leaves are cooked and used like spinach and are commonly dried and crushed into a powder used in soups and sauces.
An Indian drumstick
The immature seed pods, called “drumsticks”, are commonly consumed in South Asia. They are prepared by parboiling, and cooked in a curry until soft. The seed pods/fruits, even when cooked by boiling, remain particularly high in vitamin C (which may be degraded variably by cooking) and are also a good source of dietary fiber, potassium, magnesium, and manganese.
SEEDS The seeds, sometimes removed from more mature pods and eaten like peas or roasted like nuts, contain high levels of vitamin C and moderate amounts of B vitamins and dietary minerals.Çok Ayaklılar,çıyan gibi, her bir halkasında bir veya iki çift ayak bulunan, benzer halkalardan oluşmuş hayvanlardır.
Çok Ayaklılar Özellikleri
Hepsi karada yaşar ve trake solunumu yapar. Duyargaları bir çift, ağız parçaları çiğneyici, gözleri sade gözdür; bu özellikleri ile böceklere benzer. Bazılarında zehir çengelleri bulunur.
Her halkasında bir veya iki çift ayak bulunmasına göre iki üst takıma ayrılır: chilopoda ve chilognatha. Çokayaklılar dünyanın her yerinde bulunur. En irilerine tropik ülkelerde rastlanır. Toprağın içinde veya yüzeyinde yaşar ve genellikle ışıktan kaçar. Belli başlı cinsleri Çıyan (Scolopendra), Ut hobim, geophilus, scutigera, kırkayak (iulus), giomeris.Canlı rulet siteleri, bonus teklifleriyle birlikte oldukça çekici hale gelir. Rulet oynamayı sevdiğiniz ve bu sitelerde oynamayı planladığınızda, birçok bonus fırsatıyla karşılaşacaksınız. Bu bonuslar, yeni oyuncuları cezbetmek, masalarda daha fazla para kazanmak veya sadık müşterilerini ödüllendirmek için tanıtılmaktadır. Bu makalede, canlı rulet sitelerinde bulabileceğiniz tüm bonus seçenekleri hakkında bilgi edineceksiniz.
Birçok canlı rulet sitesi, farklı bonus seçenekleri sunar. Bu bonuslar, ilk üyelik bonusu, para yatırma bonusları, bedava bahisler ve sadakat programları olabilir. Bazı siteler, yeni müşterilere hoş geldin bonusları sunarken, bazıları mevcut müşterilere aylık, haftalık veya günlük promosyonlar sunar.
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Bonus seçenekleri, canlı rulet sitelerinin farklılıklarını belirler. Bazı siteler, rakiplerinden farklı seçenekler sunmayı tercih ederken, bazıları basit ve anlaşılır bir bonus programı sunar. Bazı rulet siteleri, bonus teklifleri için daha yüksek bahis şartları koyarken, bazıları daha düşük bahis şartlarına sahip olabilir. Ayrıca, bonus seçenekleri, sitelerin güvenilirliği hakkında da bilgi verir. Daha güvenli siteler, yönergelerini takip etme ve daha düşük bahis şartları sağlama konusunda daha istekli olmaktadır.
Bonus seçenekleri hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinmek için, en iyi canlı rulet siteleri ve güvenilir rulet siteleri hakkında daha detaylı bilgiler almanız gerekebilir. En iyi sitelerde daha cazip bonuslar sunulurken, güvenilir siteler, bonus taleplerinizi sorunsuz bir şekilde işlemeniz konusunda daha yardımcı olur. Bu sayede, güvenli bir oyuncu olarak keyifli zaman geçirirken, bonus seçenekleri sayesinde daha fazla para kazanabilirsiniz.
Canlı Rulet Siteleri
Canlı rulet sitelerinde oyun oynamaya karar verdiyseniz, doğru yerdesiniz! İşte size canlı rulet oyunları için en iyi siteler:
- Betsson: En popüler rulet sitelerinden biridir ve oyun seçenekleri oldukça çeşitlidir. Ayrıca, kullanıcı dostu bir arayüzü vardır ve mobil cihazlarda da oynanabilir.
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- Betway: Betway, canlı rulet oyunları için en iyi siteler arasında yer alır. Oyun seçenekleri çok sayıdadır ve her bütçeye uygun bahis limitleri vardır. Ayrıca, canlı krupiyeleri ve yüksek kaliteli grafikleri ile gerçek casino deneyimini evinize getirir.
Yukarıda belirtilen sitelerin yanı sıra, başka birçok canlı rulet sitesi de vardır. Ancak, oynayacağınız sitenin lisanslı ve güvenilir olduğundan emin olmalısınız. Ayrıca, sitede sunulan oyunların çeşitliliği, bahis limitleri ve promosyonları da dikkate almanız gereken önemli faktörler arasındadır.
Güvenilir Rulet Siteleri
Güvenilir bir rulet sitesinde oynamak oldukça önemlidir. Bu şekilde, paranızı ve kişisel bilgilerinizi koruma altına alabilirsiniz. Güvenilir bir rulet sitesi seçmek için, birkaç özellik aramanız gerekmektedir.
İlk olarak, bir lisansa sahip olan bir rulet sitesi seçin. Lisanslı bir site, oyunların adil olduğunu, paranızın güvende olduğunu ve kişisel bilgilerinizin korunduğunu garanti eder.
Bir rulet sitesinin güvenilir olup olmadığını tespit etmek için online yorumlara göz atabilirsiniz. Diğer oyuncuların deneyimleri, sitenin güvenilir olup olmadığı hakkında size fikir verebilir.
|Özellik||Açıklama|
|Lisans||Lisanslı bir site, paranın güvende olduğunu ve oyunların adil olduğunu garanti eder.|
|İyi Ödeme Yöntemleri||Güvenli ödeme yöntemleri sunan bir site seçmek önemlidir. Bu, ödeme bilgilerinizin korunduğu anlamına gelir.|
|Online Yorumlar||Diğer oyuncuların deneyimlerini okuyarak, sitenin güvenilir olup olmadığı hakkında fikir sahibi olabilirsiniz.|
Bir rulet sitesinin güvenilir olup olmadığını tespit etmek için bakabileceğiniz bir diğer özellik, SSL şifreleme teknolojisidir. Sitenin SSL sertifikasına sahip olması, kişisel bilgilerinizin korunduğunu ve üçüncü şahısların erişemeyeceğini garanti eder.
En güvenilir rulet siteleri, genellikle büyük ve saygın bir şirket tarafından işletilmektedir. Bu sitelerde oyunların adil olduğu ve paranızın güvende olduğu garantidir. Ayrıca, bu sitelerde genellikle müşteri hizmetleri 24/7 hizmet verir, böylece herhangi bir sorunla karşılaştığınızda hızla yanıt alabilirsiniz.
- Lisanslı bir site seçin
- Güvenli ödeme yöntemleri tercih edin
- Online yorumları okuyun
- SSL şifreleme teknolojisine sahip olmasına dikkat edin
Güvenilir bir rulet sitesi seçmek oldukça önemlidir. Yapmanız gereken tek şey, lisanslı bir site seçmek, güvenli ödeme yöntemleri tercih etmek, online yorumları okumak ve SSL şifreleme teknolojisine sahip olmasına dikkat etmektir. Bu şekilde, oyunları keyifle oynayabilir ve paranızın güvende olduğunu bilerek rahatlayabilirsiniz.
En iyi Rulet Siteleri
Rulet oyununu canlı olarak oynamak isteyenlerin en çok tercih ettiği siteler genellikle kaliteli bir deneyim sunan sitelerdir. En iyi rulet sitelerinin özellikleri arasında ise kullanıcı dostu arayüz, yüksek oranlar, çeşitli bahis seçenekleri, güvenilir ödeme yöntemleri ve iyi bir müşteri desteği yer almaktadır.
En iyi rulet siteleri arasında yer alan ilk site, başarılı bir rulet deneyimi sun
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核心提示:
会厌囊肿是一种咽喉囊肿，这种囊肿和食物划伤有关，有的时候会变小，但是不会消失，如果没有出现症状表现，一般不需要进行处理可以及时随访，但是如果比较大，可能会对患者的平时生活工作带来比较大的影响，可以通过手术进行切除，平时生活当中一定要注意口腔卫生，吃东西的时候要细嚼慢咽。
病因
病因分先天性和后天性。
1.先天性
会厌先天性发育畸形，黏膜下形成小囊。出生后，随着发育，小囊也逐渐扩大。里面充满黏液，逐渐形成囊肿，即为先天性会厌囊肿。
2.后天性
喉慢性炎症、机械刺激和创伤，引起会厌黏膜内的黏液腺出现腺管阻塞，腺体内分泌物堆积，而形成后天性会厌囊肿。常见的有潴留囊肿和表皮样囊肿。潴留囊肿多见于会厌舌面，表皮样囊肿多见于会厌谷中。
治疗
对于微小的囊肿，可暂不做处理，密切观察即可。较大的囊肿宜手术切除。单纯穿刺抽吸，必将复发。推荐的手术方式是在全麻下行支撑喉镜下切除，也可用激光、微波、低温等离子等切除。
预后
术后1～2周内进食冷流食或半流食。若有明显出血，需尽快前往医院检查。术后一般不易复发。
检查
间接喉镜检查可见，囊肿位于会厌舌面，大者充满整个会厌谷。囊肿呈半球型，蒂部广，表面光滑，灰白、浅黄或淡红色，间有细小血管纵横其上。囊壁一般很薄，触之有波动感用注射器可抽吸出黏稠内容物，色乳白或褐色。如有继发感染，则为脓液。
诊断
由于病史和症状没有特异性，与慢性咽炎、咽部早期肿瘤难以鉴别，诊断主要靠临床检查。因此对于存在咽喉不适的患者，应该定期前往医院检查。
会厌囊肿是发生在会厌黏膜下的囊肿，属于喉囊肿的特殊类型。多发生于会厌谷、会厌舌面和会厌游离缘。常由于慢性炎症、机械刺激和创伤，引起黏液腺管受阻，腺内分泌物潴留所致。部分也可因为先天发育畸形导致。
成人一般多无症状或仅有轻微咽部不适、异物感，常在喉部检查时发现。婴幼儿可表现出呼吸困难、面色青紫等，需要紧急处理。治疗方式为手术切除，药物保守治疗通常无效。推荐采用全麻支撑喉镜下手术。术后1～2周进食冷流食，密切观察咽部出血情况。术后一般不易复发。
友情链接： 耳鼻喉 耳鼻喉医院 耳鸣医院 耳聋医院Yeni Zelanda Cuma namazı kılmak için biraraya gelen müslümanlar ChristChurch'teki iki camide kalleşçe şehit edilmişti. Alçak salıdıyla ilgili yeni görüntüler ortaya çıkmaya devam ediyor
Cami girişinde eli kanlı caniyle ilk karşılaşarak şehit edilen kişinin görüntüsü ortaya çıktı. 71 yaşındaki Davud Nabi karşına ağır silahlı tüfekle gelen caniyi 'Merhaba kardeşim' diyerek karşıladı. Kan donduran görüntülerde acımasız saldırgan ilk olarak kendisine selam veren Davud Nabi'yi şehit etti.Guggenheim Museum Bilbao - Controlled Chaos in Architecture
The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Basque County, Spain looks like a mass of swirls and curls chaotically reflected in the Nervion River. The architecture seems to flow like water in one direction only to drastically change its mind and circle back. While the Guggenheim Museum might look like controlled chaos, famed architect Frank Gehry wanted to create a contemporary work of architecture to match the art on display inside the building. Recognized around the world as the famous Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Gehry succeeded in using the limestone, glass, and titanium to create curves of the building to capture light and reflect it inward into the interior space.
Funding the Guggenheim Museum
"The Basque government agreed to cover the US$100 million construction cost, to create a US$50 million acquisitions fund, to pay a one-time US$20 million fee to the Guggenheim and to subsidize the museum's US$12 million annual budget. In exchange, the Foundation agreed to manage the institution, rotate parts of its permanent collection through the Bilbao museum and organize temporary exhibitions." (source)
More than a Fabulous Building
The investment and architectural design of the Guggenheim Museum was complex, but the construction is an amazing feat of its own. On the banks of the Nervion River, the foundation of the Guggenheim Bilbao was a mixture of clay and river bed mud. Over 650 concrete pillars were driven into the bedrock 14 meters deep to make sure that the changes in the river would not shift the foundation. The reinforcement of the foundation alone required 25,000 tons of concrete.
"The base of the building is covered with beige limestone from the Huéscar quarries near Granada, cut from 5 cm thick slabs. It is clad in titanium plates, arranged in scales, on a galvanized steel structure. The Museum's exterior skin is made of 33,000 titanium plates. These titanium plates are only 0.4mm thick, which is much thinner than if steel plates had been used. Moreover, titanium is about half the weight of steel and the museum's titanium coating represents only 60 tons." (source)
Love for the Environment
Although the outside design of the Guggenheim rightfully gets vast applause in and outside of the architectural community, the construction of the Guggenheim expresses interest in honoring the natural beauty of the river and protecting the environment. This bold design of the museum purposely works in harmony with light and resists the elements, but the materials used to construct the building were picked with weather resistance and environmental impact in mind.
"Titanium plates is used to replace copper or lead because of their toxicity. Titanium is a low-polluting material, and each part has been designed differently according to its orientation on the building, so they correspond perfectly with the curves desired by Frank Gehry. The building is clear thanks to the walls, specially treated to protect the interior from the effects of the sun. The glass of the windows has also been treated to prevent light from damaging the exposed pieces." (source)
Melting Art into Architecture
Perhaps one of the most fascinating features of the Guggenheim Bilbao is the inclusion of artwork and sculptures outside of the building. By placing large scale art outside of the building, the architecture of the Guggenheim is included as a work of art in its design. The artwork invites visitors to enjoy and immerse themselves in the creativity and design of the building as an attractive, permanent work of art paying homage to architecture.By , June 4th 2010
Earlier this month, as the US loudly complained about Venezuela’s decision to purchase arms from Russia, South America’s ministers of defense came together in Guayaquil, Ecuador
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producente lo stemma di Chieti e quello della Dalmazia.
Alla sera in Sede della Societa Ginnastica fu offerto
agli ospiti un trattenimento di danza che riusci affollatissimo
di persone di ogni classe sociale, e che valse, se pure ve ne
fosse stato bisogno, a maggiormente affrateliare la nostra
gioventti con i baldi campioni dell' Abbruzzo forte e gentile.
Durante il trattenimento fu offerto agli ospiti il tra-
dizionaie maraschino d' onore che diede occasione al se-
gretario della Societa di rivolgere calde parole di simpatia
e di ammirazione per la simpatica squadra Chietina, e di
elevare un triplice alala per la citta di Chieti, per la citta
di Zara, per 1' Italia e per chi ne regge con ferreo pugno i
destini.
Al segretario della nostra Societa rispose il Presidente
della Societa di Chieti, ringraziando sentitamente per le
accoglienze avute a Zara e per la squisita cordialita dei
cittadini, formulando 1' augurio che, in occasione della partita
di ritorno a Chieti, i nostri calciatori potranno riscontrare
uguale spirito di fratellanza ed uguale cordialita.
Sottolineo il fatto che nel gonfalone offerto alla squadra
di Zara fu messo, al posto dello stemma di Zara, quello
della Dalmazia e ne disse le cause politico-sentimentali, ri-
scuotendo fragorosi applausi.
Chiuse il suo dire elevando un alala per 1'Italia e per
il Duce,
II trattenimento si protrasse animatissimo fino a tarda
ora, e si chiuse con una brillantissima quadriglia, a cui pre-
sero parte tutti gli ospiti.
La simpatica squadra abruzzese lascio in tutti coloro
che r avvicinarono un gradevolissimo ricordo ed un vivo
sentimento di simpatia. Noi da queste colonne auguriamo
sinceramente ad essa una briliante affermazione nella classi-
fica di campionato.
Massangioli di Chieti batte S. Ginnastica 3 a 1
Un numeroso pubblico ha presenziato domenica alla
prima partita di campionato, giocata allo stadio cittadino.
La squadra zaratina, nella sua nuova formazione, ha comple-
tamente deiuso: la sconfitta e derivata dalla poca convin-
zione con cui sono state condotte le azioni, dalla mancanza
di volonta e di cuore, dalla eccessiva fiducia nei propri
mezzi. Gli ospiti hanno meritato la vittoria per il gioco
omogeneo, veloce dell' attacco, che aVeva un parno solido
neir ungherese centro sostegno, il miglior uomo in campo.
Primo tempo: gli zaratini giocano controjl sole. Azioni
alterne e veloci. Non sono passati dieci minuti e Lubin
riesce a segnare 1' unico punto per la sua squadra. Per il
resto dei primo tempo notevole superiorita della squadra
ospite sulla disorganizzata e fiacca compagine cittadina.
cursioDe dei gi'allo-bleu e rimanda lungo: la palla e a Drizzi,
che opera un corto e preciso passaggio a Lubin: goal. E'
un goal telegrafico, che ci da la vittoria: il pubblico e in
delirio e si abbandona ad una manifestazione d'entusiasmo,
che dura parecchi minuti, trascorsi i quali il gioco puo esser
ripreso. GH ospiti tentano il contrattacco, ma il fischio di
chiusura trova ancora gli zaratini in avanti. Alla fine il
pubblico invade il campo, circondando i propri beniamini,
che sono fatti oggetto di una lunga e calorosa dimostra-
zione di simpatia e di affetto.
Tutti i giocatori vanno aceomunati nella lode, poiche
tutti cooperarono validamente al successo : dal terzetto di-
fensivo estremo, dove Krznarich e appparso in progresso di
forma, dalla linea mediana, in cui Tersich si e rivelato il piu
tecnico, Vezil il ptii robusto, Smoje ha gareggiato in abilita
ed astuzia con Bakony, al reparto attaccante, nel quale
Dettoni diede tutto se stesso nella lotta, Lubin ebbe una gior-
nata meravigliosa e dimostro la sua classe di straordinario
giocatore, Konig fu un centro attivissimo e sfoggfo un spet-
tacoloso gioco di testa, Drizzi II lego a meraviglia la linea
e forni preziosi palloni ai compagni, Susco non sfiguro af-
fatto al posto, nuovp per lui, di ala, anzi gioco una bella
partita.
Buonissimo T arbitro, Bruna di Vercelli.
Secondo Concorso Ginnastico e delle terre
di S. Marco
Nel numero di dicembre u. s. avevamo annun-
ziato che, col numero odierno, la nostra „Rivista"
avrebbe cominciato ad essere il Bollettino Ufficiale
del Concorso Ginnastico di Zara.
Non possiamo mantenere la promessa, perche
siamo in attesa del permesso d' indire la manife-
stazione, che deve essere accordato dalle Autorita
Centrali. Appena la pratica avrd fatto il sao corso,
intraprenderemo senza indugio la pubblicazione delle
notizie riguardante il concorso, in un numero per il
quale e gid pronta la materia.
Anche il programma-regolamento sara diramato
agli enti interessati appena pervenuto il permesso
previsto dalle vigenti disposizioni.
CRONACA
La giornata degli ospiti a Zara
Arrivati col piroscafo da Ancona sabato sera, i figli
dell'Abruzzo forte e gentile, accolti festosamente dai nostri
calcisti e dalla direzione della sezione calcio, furono accom-
pagnati ai Icro alloggiamenti.
La domenica mattina fu impiegata nella visita al museo
e alle cose piu interessanti della citta.
11 pomeriggio fu tutto occupato dalla emozionantissima
partita, depo della quale gli ospiti si recarono ali' albergo per
la cura necessaria della loro toilette.
La sera, organizzato dalla fiorente sezione filodram-
matica della Societa Ginnastica, si diede al Teatro G. Verdi
una serata in onore degli ospiti> con la bellisima produžio
ne: „Rapsodia Fascista" di Forzano, la quale piacque mol-
tissimo al pubblico numerosissimo, e riscosse fragorosi ap-
plausi.
Alla serata intervennero tutti gli ospiti, i quali furono
fatti segno a dimostrazioni di simpatia.
Lo spettacolo durb fino a mezzanotte e i giocatori, sen-
za dubbio stanchi della laboriosa giornata, si ritirarono nel
loro albergo a cercarvi il riposo davvero meritato.
La mattina dei lunedi continuo la visita alla citta, e
nel pomeriggio alle ore 16 gli ospiti si recarono al Muni-
cipio per consegnare al Podesta di Zara un vibrante mes-
saggio del Podesta di Pescara.
II Comm. Sani, nostro podesta, ringrazio sentitamente
i rappresentanti della citta sorelia, e provvide poi, prima
della loro partenza, a far pervenire ad essi una calda ri-
sposta da consegnare al loro primo cittadino.
Per le 19 in sede sociale fu indetto un trattenimento
in onore dei calcisti. La simpatica riunione riusci affollatis-
sima e affratello completamente la gioventii ospitante con
quella ospitata.
Nell'offrire ai calcisti abruzzesi il tradizionale mara-
schino, il prof. Canali, segretario della Societa Ginnastica,
rivolse ad essi caide e spontanee parole di simpatia e di
cameratismo, e chiuse il suo dire elevando un alala per il
Duce, e per Gabriele D'Annunzio, vanto della citta di
Pescara.
Rispose per gli Abruzzesi un membro della direzione della
T. Acerbo, dicendo tutto il suo entusiasmo per la causa
dalmatica ed assicurando deU'amore e della passione che
nella sua terra si sente per la nostra citta. Si disse ammi-
rato della nostra organizzazione; e, dopo aver esaltato il
suo grande concittadino Gabriele D'Annunzio, nella sua at-
tivita di poeta e di soldato, chiuse con un caldo saluto alla
nostra terra e con l'augurio piii fervido per la sempre
maggiore grandezza a cui la Patria nostra deve assurgere
sotto la guida sicura dell'uomo meraviglioso che ne regge
con mano sicura i destini.
La simpatica riunione ebbe termine alle ore 21.
Col piroscafo in partenza per Ancona, alle ore 22.30,
la simpatica comitiva prendeva la via del ritorno, salutata
alla partenza dai nostri calciatori e dalla direzione.
Ai forti figli di Pescara vada il nostro caldo saluto
augurale e 1'alala degli sportivi della Dalmazia.
Circolo Canottieri Diadora
Congresso generale dei Soci
La sera del 25 gennaio nella sala di riunione della
Soc. Ginnastica, ha avuto luogo l'Assemblea generale ordi-
naria del C. C. Diadora. II segretario sig. Giorgio Luxardo
nella sua esauriente e lucida relazione ricordo anzitutto la
risoluzione dell' annosa pendenza dell' imbarcazione donata
dal C. O. N, I., rendendo speciali ringraziamenti al C. O.
N. I. ed al suo nuovo presidente On. Lando Ferretti, come
pure alla Federazione di canottaggio, per il loro valido
appoggio.
Ricordo quindi 1' attivita sportiva e le regate alle quali
presero parte i nostri armi e precisamente ai campionati
giuliano-dalmati, dove il nostro armo, nella gara esordienti,
registro una bella e netta vittoria, ed alle regate interna-
zionali di Trieste, dove lo stesso armo vinse nella corsa
juniores a quattro.
Esprime quindi sentiti ringraziamenti alla Soc. delle
Regate, amica di vecchia data, che volle offrirci un gagliar-
detto, pegno di reciproca amicizia e ricordo di quando,
air epoca del servaggio, i nostri baldi campioni, affermavano
r italianita della nostra terra.
Dopo aver accennato ali' ampliamento della canottiera,
che e prossimo ad essere terminato, ricorda il munifico atto
del nostro concittadino e socio onorario Liubimiro Bua, che
oltre alle tante prove di affetto che ebbe gia a dare al
nostro Circolo, promosse tra i dirigenti del Circolo italiano
di Buenos Aires una sottoscrizione a nostro favore, per
r acquisto di una imbarcazione, che in omaggio alla patria
adottiva degli oblatori portera il nome di Buenos Aires.
Termina il suo dire mandando un ringraziamento al capo
canottJere e suo sostituto ed a tutti quei soci che, con la
loro valida cooperazione, gli furono di aiuto nel disbrigo
del compito affidato.
11 cassiere espose ai soci la situazione finanziaria, ed
ambedue le relazioni vennero approvate.
Indi il presidente Cav. Dott. Egidio Rovaro Brizzi in-
vito r assemblea ad eleggere il nuovo Consiglio Direttivo.
Risultarono eletti: a presidente il Comm. Dott. Maurizio
Mandel, a vice presidente il sig. Ernesto Bussi, a direttori
i sigg. Dott. Giuseppe Dunatov, Paolo Delich e Francesco
Cattalinich, a revisori i sigg. Guglielmo Paulin e Antonio
Zink.
II presidente Cav. Brizzi rivolse nobilissime parole di
saluto e di augurio alla nuova Direzione.
Gli rispose il Comm. Dott. M. Mandel, esprimendo la
toco de tempo che no se sentiva parlar in sto modo in
Piazza dei Signori, nel nostro vecio e caro dialeto venezian.
El Sior Gigi, insoma, se io incontra da per tuto,
spe9ialineDte dove se ingruma i muci de ginasti; anca la el
xe cognossu da tuti; ma la el lavora, el se fa in quatro, el
sgoba per tuti, fr& un scherzo e l'altro, fra un mocolo e
una (igada.
No so cossa diavolo me xe vegnu inamente de butar
ZO ste righe I Ancora se Dio vol, se lu le ariva a lezer,
el te ciapa una smara, e ancora perdo l'amigo.
Ma speremo de no, no xe possibile, con quel suo cor
de oro.
Ciao Roffare, arivederci! \erban.
&ii zaraii terminaiio il giroDe Hi andata con una partita pari
u. S. Tiferno - S. Ginnastica Zara 1-1
L'ultima partita di questo emozionante gircne di ferro,
ha visto una nuova, magnifica affermazione dei calcisti za-
ratini. II match pari ottenuto a Citta di Castello, dopo una
notte ed una mattina di viaggio estenuante, significa che la
squadra zaratina he ormai raggiunto quel grade d'efficienza
necessario per ben figurare in queste difficili competizioni
di campionato. I cambiameuti operati con molto discerni-
mento nelle fiie un po' sbandate dopo le prime prove in-
felid, hanno avuto un esito stupendo. La squadra e divenuta
irriconoscibile, ha acquistato animo e cuore, ha ritrovato
finalmente quel suo giuoco fine e potente che riusci a piegare
squadroni ben pericolosi. La difesa zaratina non teme rivali
nel suo girone. £ lo ha dimostrato chiaramente, specialmente
nelle ultime due partite. A Citta di Castello, pur sfinita dal
lungo viaggio, la difesa zaratina ha dominato il pericoloso
quintetto avversario. Nessun pallone ha violato la porta
zaratina, fieramente custodita da Schitarellich. II goal che
ha deciso la divisione dei punti, e stato concesso troppo
leggermente. Tiferno s' e salvata dalia sconfitta realizzando
un calcio di rigore dovuto ad un ipotetico falio di un ter*
zino zaratino. Schitarellich, in forma superba, ha rinnovato
le gesta da lui ovunque compiute e sempre ammirate ed
applaudite. Lana e Krznarich sono due corpi diretti da una
mente sola. E' meravigliosa I'intesa che regna fra questi
due terzini, infallibili spazzatori. La linea mediana, che prima
costituiva un assillante problema, con 1' innesto di Tersich e
divenuta 1' animatrice instancabile che ci diede sempre le
vittorie. La prima linea, ottima a sinistra, e sicura al centro, non
funziona alla destra. Sarebbe piu indovinato scegliere una
buona volta fra i vari candidati, quei due che meglio corri-
spondono, e farli giocare sempre assieme. Un'ala destra
che poi gioca falso, compromette seriamente il rendimento
della prima linea, senza giovar molto ad una difesa gia
forte. Cosi a Citta di Castello, nel primo tempo s'ebbe un
giuoco d'assieme, tecnico e collettivo, che procuro una su-
periorita evidente alla squadra zaratina. Nel secondo invece,
i tifernati poterono combinare piu assalti, non dovendo piu
temere 1' insidia di una prima linea di cui tre componenti
erano passati in difesa. Siamo certi che se gli zaratini avessero
insistito nell' offensiva, sostenuti dal chiaro gioco degli halves,
la partita si sarebbe chiusa con almeno 2 goals di differenza.
I cinque avanti, con quella celerita che li distingue, dove-
vano portare ii bali fino ali' area di rigore avversaria, e poi
lasciare che Lubin dicesse l'ultima parola; ma non si pre-
tenda che Lubin nel suo campo cominci un' azione e la con-
cluda da solo. Speriamo che il girone di ritorno segnera per
la squadra zaratina il ritrovamento di quella forma che tanta
fama meritata le aveva acquistato, e cke sembrava svanita al
principio dei campionato. Sara messa a profitto I' esperienza
fatta in qiieste prime partite di campionato e colla nuova
fatrca si coglieranno i frutti la cui semina costo agli inizi tante
delusioni. Persistano i calcisti negli allenanienti, abbiano fede
e cuore, e il successo non manchera.
II girone di ritorno trova le squadre cosi classificate:
- • Tito Acerbo punti 8; Rosburgo 6; Tiferno 5; Sta-
mura 5; Zara 3; Massangioli 3.
Zara incontrera in časa propria Rosburgo, Stamura e
Tiferno, fuori Chieti e Pescara.
CRONACA
II Concorso Ginnastico Adriatico e IV delle Terre
di San Marco 17-19 giugno 1927
Abbiamo gia spedito a tutte Ic societd, direttori, corpi,
enti ecc. le bozze di štampa dei programma dei II Con-
corso Ginnastico Adriatico che dovrebbe svolgersi a Zara il
17-19 giugno deir anno corrente.
Appenache saranno ultimate le pratiche necessarie per
I approvazione dei concorso da parte dell'autorita. compe-
tenti, spediremo 1' integrale regolare programma. Intanto le
direzioni e i direttori possono prendere visione delle gare, e
predisporre in tempo utile per V allenamento delle sguadre.
E possono fare anche di piii, (e cio raccomandiamo
caldamente) inviarci la Scheda di adesione di massima,
quanto prima.
Lutti
Dopo breve inesor
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دشمن مشترک متحد شدند. ایرانی ها، ارمنیان، گرجی ها و کلیمی ها دور یک پرچمِ طغیان گرد آمدند)).
هویت های مبهم
این بیانات موضوع خاص هویت در خاور نزدیک و قفقاز در آغاز قرن را روشن می کند. چگونه می توان شرکت ارمنیان در انقلابی خارج از جوامع ارمنی در امپراتوری های عثمانی و روسیه را توصیف کرد؟ از این گذشته، چگونه یک نفر ارمنیِ مسیحی می توانست با مسلمانان ایرانی و قفقازیِ هم جوارش آن قدر احساس نزدیکی کند که برای آرمان مشترک یعنی مشروطیت و دموکراسی به آنها ملحق شود؟
درست همان گونه که جامعه شناسانی چون ناتان گلِیزِ[10] و دانیل موینیهان[11] دربارهٔ واژهٔ ((قومیت)) اظهار داشته اند: ((انسان احساس می کند این اصطلاح هنوز در شرف تکوین است)) و بنابراین، قومیت یا هویت قومی هم ((در حال تکوین است))، انعطاف پذیر و حتی مبهم، با شرایط و فرایندهای اجتماعی شکل می گیرد و ایستا نیست. در اوایل قرن بیستم، هویت قومی در خاور نزدیک تثبیت نشده بود و بیشتر انعطاف پذیر یا به تعبیر آ. ال. اپستین[12]، دانشمند انسان شناس ((قابل انتقال)) بود.
شاید بتوان گفت ارمنیان نوعی ((خودآگاهی دوگانه)) را تجربه می کردند. در اواخر قرن نوزدهم و اوایل قرن بیستم، حوادثی مشابه در جامعهٔ ایرانیان ارمنی رخ داد که می تواند فرایند پیچیده و شرایط آگاهی دوگانه یا هویت چندگانه را تا حدی توضیح دهد. به سبب تحولاتی که در انقلاب مشروطیت ایران رخ داد و نیز به دلیل اوضاع و احوال ویژهٔ ایرانیان ارمنی، به خصوص حضور چند صدساله شان در ایران، آنها دارای دو هویت موازی بودند؛ ارمنیِ مسیحیِ جزیی انگارانه تر و هویت ایرانی ِ کلی انگارانه. این وضعیت حتی برای بخش کوچک تری از ارمنیانِ ایرانیِ روشنفکر، که خیلی هم با سیاست در آمیخته بودند، پیچیده تر شده بود زیرا می کوشیدند تا در راستای پشتیبانی از انترناسیونالیسم و سوسیالیسم تا فراسوی مرزهای ملی گرایی نیز گام بردارند. آنها همچنین بین چند هویتی و علائق مردد مانده بودند و شاید هم آرزو داشتند در فراسوی بینش های تنگ نظرانه ترِ هویت و برداشت حرکت کنند تا از تناقض ها و چندگانگی بین خود رها شوند.
در سرزمین و شرایط ((چند قومیتی)) چون ایران و انقلاب مشروطیت هویت قومی در میانِ سایر اشکالِ بی شمار هویت اجتماعی تنها یک شکل آن به شمار می آید. اپستین می گوید: ((بنابراین هر فرد، تا چه حد، مفهومی از هویت قومی کسب می کند این فرایند برای او همواره متضمن چند عنصر گزینشی است)). ارمنیان قفقاز و ایران، که در انقلاب مشروطیت ایران شرکت کردند، می توانستند هویت های چندگانه و علائق متنوعی داشته باشند. آنها نه لزوماً و نه منحصراً به منزلهٔ افراد ارمنی بلکه به منزلهٔ فعالان سیاسی و انقلابی به عبارتی به منزلهٔ عاملان دگرگونی در آن شرکت کردند زیرا تصورشان از انقلاب مبارزه ای برای مردم سالاری و آزادی در همه جا بود. جابه جا شدنِ تعصب ها و وفاداری های قومی یا به عبارتی بهتر در اینجا، اتحاد قومیت ها به قفقازی ها و ارمنیان ایرانی امکان داد تا اهداف سیاسی و ایدئولوژیک خود را دنبال کنند. همان گونه که پاتریشیا هیگینز[13] به درستی می گوید: ((تصمیم های افراد منوط به درکِ منافع اقتصادی، سیاسی، اجتماعی یا حتی روان شناختی است)). لذا، منافع ارمنیانی که در انقلاب مشروطیت شرکت کردند مبتنی بود بر قبولِ آگاهانه یا غیرآگاهانهٔ هویتی کمتر انعطاف پذیر و بیشتر چند بعدی تا بتوانند وفاداری به مبارزهٔ مشروطه خواهانه و همدستی با مسلمانان ایران و قفقاز را برای خود و دیگران تبیین یا توجیه کنند. این قضیه درست همان زمان اتفاق افتاد که مشروطه خواهان ایرانی داشتند برای مفهوم ایرانی بودن تعبیری نو ارائه می دادند؛ برای مثال، نشریهٔ ایران نو در سر مقاله خود نوشت: ((ایرانی ها ملتی واحدند. ملتی که با گویش های مختلف سخن می گوید و خدا را به طرق گوناگون می ستاید)). این گفته به روشنی در مفهوم قدیمی ترِ ملت به منزلهٔ جامعهٔ دینی تحولی پدید می آورد.
در انقلاب مشروطیت، افتراق قومی یا دینی به مراتب کم تر از آن بود که در درگیری های جابرانهٔ بین ارمنی ها و مسلمانان قفقاز وجود داشت و حتی، از تمایزی هم که سال ها بعد به وجود آمد کم تر بود. این گفته به این مفهوم نیست که در انقلاب مشروطیت افتراق قومی به کلی ناپدید شد بلکه همپوشانیِ علایق و منافع قومی جدایی واضح بین ارمنیان و ایرانی ها، بین مسیحیان و مسلمانان و جز آن را کمرنگ کرده بود. این فرایند به رغم هویت مستمری که ارمنیان در اصل در قبال دین و کلیسای ملی شان داشتند، اتفاق افتاد. ضمناً، این هویت دینی در امپراتوری های عثمانی و روسیه نهادینه و در ایران هم به رسمیت شناخته شده بود. ظهور آگاهی ملی تازه در اواخر قرن نوزدهم، که بر قومیت در قبال دیانت تأکید می کرد، هویت را به منزله یک جامعهٔ دینی به چالش می گرفت گو اینکه واژهٔ ((ارمنی)) به کاهش اهمیت یک کلیسا اشاره داشت و حتی، مردمانی با زبان های بومی مختلف را هم شامل می شد. کریگ کالهون[14]اشاره می کند:
((هر هویت گروهی هم در خطرِ انشعاب به بخش های جزیی تر قرار می گیرد و هم الحاق به نوعی هویت عمده تر را می طلبد. تنش بین هویت فرضاً منفرد، یگانه و کامل و هویت های چندگانه، میان بر، متفرق هم در سطح گروهی و هم در سطح منفرد امری حتمی و گریزناپذیر است. هویت همان گونه که تداوم داشته همیشه یک پروژه است نه دستاوردی ثابت… هویت ها می توانند و تا حدی هم متحول می گردند. در میان هویت های گوناگون و افراد عضو گروه همواره تنش و ناسازگاری موجود است)).
رغبت قفقازی ها و ارمنیان ایرانی را برای مبارزهٔ فعالانه در راستای دگرگونی سیاسی و اجتماعی در ایران می توان با چنین اصطلاح هایی توضیح داد. این انعطاف پذیری و چندگانگی هویت قومی – ایرانیِ ارمنی، ارمنیِ ایرانی، ارمنیِ روسی، روسیِ ارمنی، قفقازیِ ارمنی، ارمنیِ قفقازی – یا چندگانگی هویت انفرادی- ارمنیِ ناسیونالیست، ارمنیِ ناسیونالیست / سوسیالیست، ارمنیِ انترناسیونالیست/ سوسیالیست، ارمنیِ انقلابی یا فقط انقلابی و جز آن – قسمت عمده انگیزهٔ تعهد به آرمان ((ایرانی)) و بخش عمدهٔ این سؤال است که چرا ارمنیان تنها یک یا دو سال بعد از درگیری بی رحمانه در قفقاز برای آرمانی مشترک دوش به دوش مسلمانان قفقازی در ایران جنگیدند.
جامعهٔ ارمنی ایران
بررسی جامعهٔ ارمنی ایران در اواخر قرن نوزدهم دوره ای از تحول را برای بخش چشمگیری از جمعیت، به ویژه در حوزه های تعلیم و تربیت و فعالیت سیاسی، نشان می دهد. سطح فزایندهٔ آموزش و آگاهی سیاسی این جامعهٔ چندصد ساله، که تحت تأثیر رویدادهای قفقاز و ارتباط با آن قرار گرفته بود، اساس شرکت ارمنیان در انقلاب مشروطیت ایران را فراهم آورد.
تاریخ حضور ارمنیان در ایران به دورهٔ هخامنشیان (330- 559 ق.م) بر می گردد اما اطلاعات چندانی دربارهٔ یک جامعهٔ کهن ارمنی دردست نیست. تا اوایل قرن هفدهم، که شاه عباس اول صفوی (996-1038 ق) ده ها هزار از ارمنیان را به زور از مناطق ارمنی نشین عثمانی و روسیه، مانند ایروان، قارص و نخجوان، به ایالت های ایران، مخصوصاً به پایتخت یعنی اصفهان، کوچ داد کسی نمی تواند با شناخت گسترده یا مدارک قاطع دربارهٔ جامعهٔ ارمنیِ ایران سخن به زبان آورد. وقایع نگاران ارمنی که دربارهٔ دورهٔ پیش از این کوچ اجباری، به خصوص از قرن دوازدهم تا پانزدهم میلادی، آثاری پدید آورده اند عمدتاً بر کوچ های اجباری قبلیِ ارمنیان، در خلال پیشروی های سلجوقیان و مغولان به ایران (از قرن یازدهم تا سیزدهم)، تأکید کرده و به ندرت به جوامع ساکن پرداخته اند. سفرنامه های جهانگردان اروپایی این دوره نیز دربرگیرندهٔ اطلاعات با ارزشی است که به جوامع ارمنی ساکن در ایالت آذربایجان، واقع در شمال غربی ایران، اشاره دارد. گفتنی است آثار زیادی دربارهٔ ارمنیان ایران از قرون شانزدهم تا نوزدهم میلادی، به خصوص در مورد جامعهٔ جلفای جدید در اصفهان، به رشتهٔ تحریر درآمده است. منابع و مآخذ اصلی و دست دوم دربارهٔ جامعهٔ ارمنی، در ایرانِ قرن نوزدهم، شامل مطالب متنوعی، از جمله اوضاع اجتماعی و اقتصادی ارمنیان ایران در ایالت های مختلف، تعداد جمعیت آنها، توسعهٔ آموزش و پرورش سکولار برای پسران و دختران، مطبوعات، تئاتر، سازمان های خیریهٔ زنان و تأسیس و فعالیت شعبه های احزاب سیاسی ارمنی در خاک ایران، است. در این فصل، همهٔ این مطالب مورد بحث قرار می گیرد تا اساسی که مشارکت ارمنیان در انقلاب مشروطیت ایران بر آن استوار است، تبیین گردد. به رغم اینکه ارمنیان قفقاز در میان شرکت کنندگان در انقلاب مشروطیت نقشی پیشرو ایفا کردند تنها در پرتو وجود جامعهٔ ارمنی با مدرسه های پسرانه و دخترانه، کلیساها، قرائت خانه ها، کتابخانه ها، مطبوعات و سازمان های اجتماعی و سیاسی آنها در ایران بود که چنان فعالیت سیاسی امکان پذیر شد. افزون بر این، ارمنیان قفقاز از طریق تماس های شخصی در مقام معلم و فعال سیاسی، توسعهٔ جامعهٔ ارمنی را در قرن نوزدهم به شدت تحت تأثیر قرار دادند. بنابراین در اواخر قرن نوزدهم، بخش تحصیل کرده و با سیاست در آمیختهٔ ارمنیان ایران شکل گرفت. به خصوص در آذربایجان، که به علت نزدیکی اش با قفقاز فعالیت سیاسی و همکاری با مشروطه خواهان و انقلابیون ایران را تسهیل و پشتیبانی می کرد.
قرن نوزدهم، به خصوص واپسین ربع آن و اوایل قرن بیستم، دوره ای است که در آن آموزش سکولار برای تعداد بی شماری از پسران افزایش یافت و برای دختران هم آغاز شد. نفوذ انقلابی و روشنفکری قفقازی ها از طریق سرازیر شدن سیل معلمان و فعالان سیاسی ارمنیان قفقاز به ایران، که اغلب هم یکی بودند، رو به فزونی نهاد و سیاست زدگی قشر معینی از ارمنیان هم گسترش یافت. نفوذ قفقازی ها و نیز وقوع رویدادهای سیاسی در جوامع ارمنیِ عثمانی، به ویژه آزار و کشتار همگانی ارمنیان از سوی سلطان عبدالحمید دوم در نیمه دههٔ 1890 که به فرار تعداد زیادی پناهنده به سلماس و ارومیه انجامید، علت این سیاست زدگی بود.
در قرن نوزدهم و اوایل قرن بیستم، ارمنیان در اصفهان و آذربایجان متمرکز و تحت نفوذ دینی جاثلیق نشین اجمیادزین به نمایندگی دو سر اسقف، یکی رییس جوامع ارمنیان در شمال و دیگری رییس جوامع ارمنیان در مناطق مرکزی و جنوب کشور، بودند. منابع موجود حاکی از آن است که بعد از انعقاد قرارداد ترکمن چای، که به جنگ بین روسیه و ایران (1826-1828) پایان داد، تعداد ارمنیان کاهش یافت. به موجب این قرارداد خان نشین های ایروان و نخجوان به روسیه واگذار شد و مهاجرت ارمنیان را هم از شمال ایران امکان پذیر ساخت. لذا، براساس مائخذ موجود تعداد 35 هزار الی 45 هزار نفر از ارمنیان، اکثراً از شهرهای آذربایجان و اصفهان، ایران را ترک کردند در حالی که دهقانان در ایران باقی ماندند و در نتیجه جمعیت ارمنیان به بیش از هفتاد هزار نفر رسید. اگر این ارقام درست باشد تعداد ارمنیان در ایران قبل از سال 1828 به بیش از صدهزار نفر رسیده بود.
جلفای نو اولین مدرسه ها را از 1833 به بعد تأسیس کرد. کلاس های درس عموماً در سال های نخست، تا زمانی که ساختمانی از سوی یکی از ژروتمندان حامی کلیسا اهدا شود، در حیاط کلیساها تشکیل می شد. این امر در مورد بیشتر مدارس ارمنی در سرتاسر ایران صادق بود. اهداکنندگان ساختمان اغلب ارمنیان قفقاز بودند.
تبریز با تأسیس یک مدرسهٔ پسرانه در 1852 این اقدام جلفای نو را پی گرفت. نام این مدرسه در ابتدا ((نرسسیان))[15] بود اما بعد در 1875 به ((آرامیان))[16] تغییر نام داد. مدرسهٔ آرامیان در سال های نخست دارای شصت دانش آموز بود که در دههٔ 1890 این تعداد ده برابر شد و به ششصد دانش آموز با هفت کلاس و 24 معلم، که بعضی از آنها زن بودند، افزایش یافت. برنامهٔ آموزشی مدرسه، که سال به سال بنا به اوضاع مالی مدرسه و در دسترس بودن معلم تغییر می کرد، عبارت بود از تدریس زبان ارمنی، زبان فارسی، زبان فرانسه، زبان روسی، تاریخ ارمنستان، علوم دینی، جغرافیا، ریاضیات و سایر موضوع ها. فعالیت های آموزشی این مدرسه مورد تحسین شاهان قاجار – ناصرالدین شاه (1264-1314ق)، که برای چند سال سالی 250 تومان به آن اهدا کرد و مظفرالدین شاه (1314-1424ق) – قرار گرفت. این مدرسه همچنین توجه مقام های عالی رتبهٔ ایرانی و اروپایی را هم جلب کرد که از آن میان می توان به میرزاجواد خان، رییس مدرسهٔ همایونی تبریز، و یکی از مجتهدان تبریز اشاره کرد. اکثر معلمان قفقازی و به خصوص اهل تفلیس بودند اما در میان آنها معلمان اهل ایالت های ارمنی عثمانی هم دیده می شدند. در میان این معلمان، نویسندگانی چون رافی، دانشمندانی چون هراچیا آچاریان[17] زبان شناس، مربی و نظریه پرداز حزب داشناکیست نیکُل آغبالیان[18] (او بعدها وزیر آموزش و پرورش جمهوری ارمنستان شد)، که به نام مستعار ن.هانگویتس[19] هم شناخته می شد و فعالان انقلابی و رهبرانی چون داشناکیست روستوم[20](استپان زوریان) و هنچاکیست رافائل مووسیسیان[21]بودند. سایر معلمان مانند یرواند فرانگیان و هایراپت پانیریان[22] چهره هایی بودند که مطالبی دربارهٔ جامعهٔ ارمنی ایران، که خود جزیی از آن به شمار می رفتند، به رشتهٔ تحریر درآوردند و با این اقدام گنجینه ای از اطلاعات را دربارهٔ این جامعه در اواخر قرن نوزدهم و اوایل قرن بیستم از خود به جای گذاشتند. با آغاز دههٔ1870، ده ها مدرسه نه تنها در مناطق شهری آذربایجان و اصفهان که در تهران (1870)، که جمعیت ارمنی اندکی در آن زندگی می کردند، و مناطق روستایی سلماس، قره داغ، ارومیه، همدان و سایر نقاط هم به فعالیت پرداختند.
فعالیت های سیاسی پیش از انقلاب
احزاب سیاسی ارمنی در اواخر قرن نوزدهم شروع به فعالیت کردند. ((سرزمین ایران کعبهٔ آمال انقلابیون بود)). بیشتر این انقلابیون ارمنیان قفقاز بودند. بسیاری از منابع، که بعضی از مؤلفان آنها انقلابی یا فعال سیاسی بوده اند، خود به اهمیت و تعداد ارمنیانی که در اواخر قرن نوزدهم از تفلیس، باکو و سایر شهرستان ها و شهرهای قفقاز به ایران آمده بودند دلالت دارند. از نیمهٔ دوم قرن نوزدهم توده مردم این ارمنیان را شناخته بودند و آنها نیز از خود با عنوان ((فداییان)) یاد کرده اند. این فداییان قفقازی از شمال غرب ایران عبور می کردند، در مراکزی چون تبریز، سلماس و خوی آموزش می دیدند و موضوع اعزام به ایالت های ارمنی نشین عثمانی را طرح ریزی می کردند. سه حزب عمدهٔ سیاسی ارمنی یعنی حزب آرمناکان به دنبال آن حزب هنچاکیان و حزب داشناکسوتیون برای اجرای عملیات خود در ایالت های ارمنی نشین عثمانی از ایران به منزلهٔ پایگاه استفاده می کردند. فداییان در عثمانی به طور محرمانه گروه های کوچک نظامی سازماندهی کردند، شعبه های حزب را بنیان نهادند و ایدئولوژی حزب را انتشار دادند و هدفشان از انجام این کارها کم و بیش آزاد ساختن ارمنیان عثمانی بود. آنها همچنین سلاح برای ارسال به مرز عثمانی را از مناطقی در امپراتوری روسیه حمل می کردند. توضیح اینکه سلاح، نوشته های انقلابی و افراد فدایی از ایران به باکو فرستاده می شدند به خصوص در خلال انقلاب 1905 روسیه و
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案外人卢成宇，被告并非实际借款人。
原告围绕自己的诉讼请求依法提交了证据：1、借条3份，证明被告向原告借款的事实。3份借条载明借款金额共计40,000元，但已提前扣除利息部分，实际提供借款36,000元。2、上海公安局案（事）件接报回执单，证明原告为本案的借款纠纷曾于2019年1月30日报警。3、原告与被告的微信聊天记录（打印件），证明被告于2019年1月31日将原告拉黑。4、支付宝转账记录（打印件），证明被告向原告借款中36,000元中有9000元是通过支付宝转账方式支付的。
对上述证据，被告发表如下质证意见：1、对借条上签字的真实性没有异议，对实际金额有异议，被告实际收到原告提供借款17,000元，且借款上的用途均载明“担保放款”和“周转”，即该借款实际用于转借给他人；2、对上海公安局案（事）件接报回执单真实性没有异议，但载明内容都是原告的自述，和实际情况不符；3、对聊天记录真实性没有异议，可以看出原告是想通过出借钱款赚取高额利息；4、对转账记录真实性没有异议。
被告围绕自己的抗辩意见依法提交了证据：5、支付宝转账记录4张（打印件），证明原告向被告提供了二笔借款8000元和9000元，合计17,000元，并将该笔借款转借给案外人卢成宇；6、借条2张（复印件），证明原告向案外人卢成宇提供借款的事实。
对上述证据，原告未发表质证意见，原告表示其将钱借给了被告，被告如何处理其并不知情。
对于原告提供的证据，本院对其真实性均予以采信。对被告提供的证据中原告向被告转账的二张记录，本院对其真实性予以采信，对其余被告提交的发生在被告与案外人卢成宇之间借款关系的证据，因和本案的借款关系无关，本院不予认定。
根据当事人陈述和经审查确认的证据，本院认定事实如下：被告于2018年12月6日、2018年12月13日向原告出具借条3份，借条载明的借款金额分别为20,000元、10,000元、10,000元，合计40,000元。
本案的争议焦点是原告实际交付金额是36,000元还是17,000元。原、被告双方一致确认，被告于2018年12月6日、2018年12月13日向原告出具借条3份。庭审中，经本院询问，原告确认出借被告36,000元，其中17,000元为支付宝转账，余款19,000元是现金支付，并以3份借条为佐证（3份借条载明总借款金额为40,000元，原告自认已提前扣除4000元，实际出借36,000元）。被告辩称，只收到原告通过支付宝转账的17,000元，其余19,000元并未实际收到，借条上的金额并不是实际借款金额，并以二份转账记录为佐证（金额分别为8000元和9000元）。本院认为，借条是证明双方存在借贷合意和借贷关系实际发生的直接证据，除非有确凿的相反证据足以推翻借据所记载的内容。被告作为完全民事行为能力人，处理经济往来时，主张其连续二次未收到足额借款，但被告均未采取相应措施，二次都签署了相关借条，明显有违常理，对此情况被告未能做出合理解释，仅以二张转账凭证主张仅收到借款17,000元，对被告的辩解意见本院难以采信，二张转账凭证只能证明被告收到了借款17,000元，但不能证明被告实际收到全部借款的金额。本案中借条载明被告共计向原告借款40,000元，但因原告自认实际交付中提前扣除了借款利息4000元，实际交付36,000元，系其对自身不利的事实做出自认，未违反相关法律规定，本院予以确认。因此，本院确认原告实际交付金额为36,000元。至于被告主张其非实际借款人，而是将借款转借给他人的意见，本院认为，原告提交的借条证明原告和被告之间成立的借款合同，基于合同相对性，原告有权要求被告归还借款，至于被告取得借款如何使用，都无法阻却原告要求被告向其归还借款的权利，故本院对该辩解意见不予采纳。
本院认为，合法的借贷关系受法律保护。本案中，原告持有被告签字的借条及转账凭证可证明借款事实客观存在，原告向被告实际交付36,000元，双方虽然未约定还款期限，原告可随时主张权利，催告被告在合理期限内返还借款。综上，原告要求被告返还36,000元的诉讼请求，符合法律规定，本院予以支持。据此，依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第二百条、第二百零六条、《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》第二十七条、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百四十二条之规定，判决如下：
被告孟凡龙于本判决生效之日起十日内归还原告胡玉兰借款36,000元。
如果被告未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。
案件受理费350元，由被告孟凡龙负担，被告所负之款于本判决生效之日起七日内缴纳本院。
如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于上海市第一中级人民法院。
审判员 王文
二〇一九年三月二十九日
书记员 陆影
CopyRight 上海君澜律师 地址：上海市世纪大道1198号世纪汇广场一座12层
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电话:13817201777Bir banka tarafından konser, sahne oyunu veya benzeri bir performans gibi bir şenliğin organizatörüne verilen kısa vadeli kredi. Kredinin amacı, organizatörün şenliğe hazırlık için yaptığı masrafları karşılayabilmesini sağlamaktır. Kredi genellikle bilet satışından elde edilen gelirle geri ödenir. – Özellikle tasarruf bankaları, planlanan bir etkinliğe yönelik talebi yerinde değerlendirebilecek konumda oldukları için etkinlik kredisi vermektedir. Kendi bilet gişelerinde biletlerin önceden satışına katılmaları alışılmadık bir durum değildir. Bu, yeni müşteriler çekebilir. – Önceden belirli bir asgari sayıda bilet satılmazsa, performans iptal edilebilir veya iptal edilebilir. Örneğin mekana giden müzisyenlerin ulaşımı ve konaklaması, salonun ısıtılması ve aydınlatılması gibi masraflar bu şekilde azaltılabilir. Bu, kısa vadeli kredinin temerrüde düşme riskini kontrol altında tutar. – Bkz. ürün destek kredisi, mevsimsel kredi.
Dikkat: Finansal ansiklopedi telif hakkı ile korunmaktadır ve açık izin olmadan sadece özel amaçlar için kullanılabilir!
Üniversite Profesörü Dr. Gerhard Merk, Dipl.rer.pol., Dipl.rer.oec.
Profesör Dr. Eckehard Krah, Dipl.rer.pol.
E-posta adresi: [email protected]
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard_Ernst_Merk
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https://www.gerhardmerk.de/[ad_1]
گروه انرژی فرانسه توتال SA درآمد سه ماهه اول را در 29 آوریل نزدیک به میزان قبل از همه گیری ویروس کرونا منتشر کرد ، زیرا افزایش قیمت نفت و گاز باعث رونق تجارت آن شد و تولید برق را افزایش داد.
این شرکت که به انرژی های تجدیدپذیر منشعب می شود و به دور از فعالیت های هیدروکربن محور تنوع می بخشد ، به دلیل آسیب دیدگی مناطقی مانند پالایش نفت ، از این مزیت بهره مند شد.
توتال گزارش داد که درآمد خالص تعدیل شده 3 میلیارد دلار برای ژانویه تا مارس گزارش شده است که 69 درصد نسبت به سال قبل و 9 درصد بالاتر از سه ماهه اول سال 2019 است.
این امر علی رغم افت 7 درصدی تولید هیدروکربن نسبت به سال گذشته ، به 2.863 میلیون بشکه در روز بود.
با شروع انسداد ویروس کرونا در اوایل سال 2020 که منجر به مسافرت به بن بست و تقاضای سوخت خرد شد ، قیمت نفت به شدت سقوط کرد و شرکت هایی مانند توتال را مجبور به کاهش سرمایه گذاری ها و صرفه جویی در هزینه کرد.
بازیابی قیمت ها در حال حاضر باعث افزایش درآمد در توتال و همتایان مانند BP Plc انگلیس می شود ، زیرا تسریع در برنامه های واکسیناسیون COVID-19 همچنین چشم انداز تقاضای پایدار را افزایش می دهد ، اگرچه قفل در برخی از اروپا همچنان ادامه دارد.
توتال هشدار داد که محیط نفت “بی ثبات و وابسته به بهبود تقاضای جهانی است”.
این سازمان اظهار داشت که انتظار می رود تولید هیدروکربن در سال جاری در مقایسه با سطح سال 2020 ثابت بماند.
مانند برخی از همتایان ، توتال نیز از یک تجارت پررونق گاز طبیعی سود می برد.
تجدید پذیر فشار
این گروه که قرار است به عنوان TotalEnergies نام تجاری خود را تغییر دهد ، گفت که امسال 12 تا 13 میلیارد دلار سرمایه گذاری در نظر دارد ، نیمی از آن صرف فعالیت ها و بقیه برای رشد ، از جمله برای ادامه فشار به انرژی های تجدیدپذیر است.
این شرکت قبلاً خریدهای بخش انرژی های تجدیدپذیر را از جمله پروژه های خورشیدی در ایالات متحده و سهمی در Adani Green Energy Ltd. و دارایی های انرژی خورشیدی آن به ارزش 2.5 میلیارد دلار در سال جاری تأمین کرده است.
نمونه کارهاش از ظرفیت تولید انرژی تجدیدپذیر تا سال 2025 ، از جمله سایت های نصب شده و سایت های در حال توسعه و ساخت ، اکنون 28 گیگاوات (GW) به صورت خالص است ، در حالی که در سه ماهه چهارم سال 2020 17.9 گیگاوات است.
توتال گفت که انتظار می رود در سال 2021 حدود 24 میلیارد دلار جریان نقدی تعدیل شده بدهی ایجاد کند ، بر اساس قیمت هیدروکربن ها در سطح سه ماهه اول ، با نفت برنت 60 دلار در هر بشکه و حاشیه پالایش اروپا 10 تا 15 دلار در هر تن.
این گروه سود سهام موقت 0.66 یورویی هر سهم را در برابر سود سه ماهه اول حفظ کرد.
در پی حملات شورشیان در ماه گذشته ، توتال فورس ماژور پروژه LNG 20 میلیارد دلاری خود در موزامبیک را اعلام کرد. در تاریخ 29 آوریل هیچ بروز رسانی فوری انجام نشد و قرار است با تحلیلگران در 1130 GMT تماس بگیرید.Durham Üniversitesi ayırt edicidir – eski geleneklere ve modern değerlere sahip bir Kolej Üniversitesi. Dünya genelindeki toplumlar için gerçek bir fark yaratan araştırma ve burs konusunda en yüksek ayrımı sağlamaya çalışıyoruz. Öğrenme, eğitim ve bilgi aktarımı konularında mükemmellik konusunda aynı derecede kararlıyız.
Ancak Durham Üniversitesi bundan çok daha fazlası. Durham şehrinin kalbindeki Dünya Mirası, 1000 yıldan fazla bir süredir burslu bir lider merkezi iken, Stockton’daki kozmopolit Kraliçe’nin Kampüsü, Teesside’nin endüstriden bilgi ekonomisine geçişinin öncüsü konumunda.In this first application of the approximate Bayesian computation approach using the serial coalescent, we demonstrated the estimation of historical demographic parameters from ancient DNA. We estimated the timing and severity of a population bottleneck in an endemic subterranean rodent, Ctenomys sociabilis, over the last 10,000 y from two cave sites in northern Patagonia, Argentina. Understanding population bottlenecks is important in both conservation and evolutionary biology. Conservation implications include the maintenance of genetic variation, inbreeding, fixation of mildly deleterious alleles, and loss of adaptive potential. Evolutionary processes are impacted because of the influence of small populations in founder effects and speciation. We found a decrease from a female effective population size of 95,231 to less than 300 females at 2,890 y before present: a 99.7% decline. Our study demonstrates the persistence of a species depauperate in genetic diversity for at least 2,000 y and has implications for modes of speciation in the incredibly diverse rodent genus Ctenomys. Our approach shows promise for determining demographic parameters for other species with ancient and historic samples and demonstrates the power of such an approach using ancient DNA.
Modern genetic variation can be used to reconstruct past events in a population's history, such as severe population declines (population bottlenecks). However, ancient DNA has the potential to improve our ability to estimate the timing and severity of such events, increasing our understanding of their causes and consequences. The authors apply a method for estimating historical demography, approximate Bayesian computation, to modern and ancient genetic variation sampled over the last 10,000 y, in order to estimate the timing and severity of a population bottleneck in an endemic Patagonian rodent. Their method shows promise for determining demographic parameters for other species with ancient and historic samples and demonstrates the power of such an approach using ancient DNA.
Citation: Chan YL, Anderson CNK, Hadly EA (2006) Bayesian Estimation of the Timing and Severity of a Population Bottleneck from Ancient DNA. PLoS Genet 2(4): e59. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020059
Editor: Molly Przeworski, University of Chicago, United States of America
Received: September 2, 2005; Accepted: March 6, 2006; Published: April 21, 2006
Copyright: © 2006 Chan et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: Funding was provided by the Center for Evolutionary Studies at the Department of Biological Sciences at Stanford University (YLC), an EPA STAR Fellowship to YLC, and a National Science Foundation grant to EAH (DEB 0108541).
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Abbreviation: ABC, approximate Bayesian computation; ybp, years before present
Genealogy-based population genetics (coalescent theory) provides a mathematical framework for modeling underlying processes such as mutation, demography, and genealogical structure , making it convenient and powerful for exploring evolutionary processes and demographic events, as well as for providing a statistical framework for data analysis (see review in ). For application to ancient DNA, the serial coalescent framework enables multiple temporally spaced sampling points. Furthermore, new computer packages [4,5] enable biologists to simulate genetic data under complex demographic scenarios facilitating parameter estimation.
In this first application of the approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) framework with the serial coalescent , we infer the parameters of a plausible demographic history of Ctenomys sociabilis, an endemic subterranean rodent, including bottleneck dynamics, from modern and ancient DNA sequence data. The ABC method compares summary statistics computed on the observed data with those computed on simulated datasets derived from models using known parameters of interest. This approach allows estimation of the posterior probability distributions of the parameter, given the observed data, thereby providing a more detailed understanding of the historical demography of this genetically depauperate species.
The colonial tuco-tuco (C. sociabilis) is currently listed as threatened by the World Conservation Union . Modern genetic studies across the range of C. sociabilis and an ancient DNA study sampling the last 1,000 y found extremely low genetic variation at cytochrome b. These findings were in contrast to the high amount of ancient genetic variation found from 10,000 to 3,000 y before present (ybp) at a second fossil site . In addition to the low amount of variation found at 15 autosomal microsatellite loci , these results suggest the possibility of a severe population decline, or population bottleneck, rather than a selective sweep . A quantitative analysis of the timing and severity of the presumed population decline when combined with environmental factors will help clarify the causes of the bottleneck and help understanding of the nonanthropogenic causes of extinction in mammals.
The amount of neutral genetic variation in a species is due to two primary factors: drift, which
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be capable of holding down a job, for instance. Another individual may still place the social needs of their friends and family ahead of their drug use even though, by definition and the presence of other criteria, they are suffering from addiction.
Designer drugs have been shown to bring about withdrawal effects and tolerance, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Therefore those who engage in the abuse of these drugs place themselves at risk for addiction.
If Designer Drugs Are Addictive Why Doesn’t Everyone Who Takes Them Develop the Disease?
The National Institute on Drug Abuse has spent many years and millions of dollars researching what the disease of addiction is and how it affects various people. Unfortunately, the research process is ongoing. There is currently no way to determine who will and who will not develop addiction when they abuse drugs. What they have determined is that anyone and everyone can develop the disease.
There are several risk factors that have been identified over the years. Some of these risk factors include whether or not the individual has a family history of abuse or whether the individual suffers from a preexisting mental condition, such as anxiety or depression. The age at which a person begins to use drugs is another factor that is involved in addiction.
The important thing to remember is that addiction is a treatable condition. Like other chronic diseases, such as hypertension or diabetes, with the right therapy, it is possible to keep addiction from overwhelming one’s life. If you suspect that someone close to you needs help to eliminate designer drug abuse from their life, please contact us right away for more information.企业名称：安阳市澳门太阳集团6138震动器厂
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振动器分为内部振动器、表面振动器、外部振动器、振动台。内部振动器又称插入式振动器。适用于振动梁、柱、墙等构件及大体积混凝土。气动振动器在本世纪初以直线活塞振动器或气动锤的形式开始使用。仅仅几年之后，更简单的带有滚动球或转子的旋转振动器诞生了。在过去的几十年里，它的设计没有改变;大多数振动器工厂的外壳还是铸铁的，外部没有经过加工。
在20世纪60年代末，人们用铝做外壳材料进行了一次实验。铝易于加工和清洁。无论机床还是用户的手都不会沾上型砂。
铝具有所需的强度，而且硬度不够，不易开裂。表面可喷铝，可用于现代工业设计。对于特殊环境的应用，如制药行业，外壳可以由不锈钢制成。
用于分离玉米粒和玉米芯的筛子被认为是振动器的一个工业应用，即一个非人为驱动的振动元件，如风能、水等的利用。
即使在今天，在世界的一些地方，手工冲击锤仍然像几个世纪前一样被用作在模具中压实混凝土的工具，类似于使用锤来帮助材料流动。
今天很多工作都是由振动器完成的。河南振动棒的主要应用是料斗排空、物料筛分、混凝土压实、砂粒、土壤等任何粉状或小颗粒和螺杆的进料。在电子工业中，振动也被用于检测印刷电路板上的触点。
安阳振动器是利用振动装置产生振动，并将振动通过预制模板传给混凝土使其紧凑的设备。气动振动器工作时，混凝土内部颗粒之间的内摩擦和粘附急剧减少，混凝土为重液态，骨料相互滑动重排，用砂浆填充骨料之间的空隙，挤压气泡，从而达到压实的效果。早期的振动器是气动柱塞式，其次是生产电动偏心式。Murat Paşa Camii
Murat Paşa Camii, Bulunduğu mahalle ve caddeye adını veren Murat Paşa Camii, II. Selim’in paşalarından Kuyucu Murat Paşa tarafından 1573 yılında yaptırılmıştır. Yapı, bitişiğinde bulunan hamam, Ana Hatun Türbesi ve Ahmediye Medresesi ile bir bütünlük oluşturmaktadır. Kare planlı caminin ibadet mekânını, köşelerde tromplara oturan mukarnaslı 6 sütunun taşıdığı merkezi bir kubbe örtmektedir. Son cemaat yerinin kemerlerini ayakta tutan yuvarlak gövdeli altı sütun, depremlerde zarar gördüğünden, çevreleri madeni bileziklerle desteklenmiştir. Kubbe kasnağında 12 pencere ve altında bir ayet işlemesi yer almaktadır. Kubbe tromp ve kemerleri 19’ncu yüzyılda alçı üzerine yağlı boya kullanılarak Avrupa üslubunda çiçek ve yaprak motifleri ile bezenmiştir. Caminin dikdörtgen bir niş içerisine alınmış mihrabı, taştan ve mukarnas süslemelidir. Ayrıca ahşap kapısı, mimberi ve pencere kapakları Osmanlı ahşap işçiliğinin en güzel örnekleri arasındadır. Murat Paşa Camisi’nin minaresi yapıdan bağımsız olarak, sekizgen kaide üzerinde yükselir. Cami yanındaki Ahmediye Medresesi ile ortak kullanıma sahip bu minare, daha yüksek ve kalın gövdeli eski minarenin yerine, yakın bir tarihte inşa edilmiştir. Üç kubbe ile örtülü son cemaat yeri ile iç mekânı örten tek kubbeden ibaret caminin duvar yüzeyleri kesme taştan, taç kapı ve pervazları ise kırmızı kamber taşından inşa edilmiştir.روش خواندن کتابهای درسی
خواندن کتاب های درسی ممکن است کسالت بار باشد. در طول سالهای تحصیلی، کتاب های درسی بخش بزرگی از مطالعه شما را تشکیل می دهند. به همین دلیل این مسأله که با چه روشی کتابها درسی را بخوانید بسیار مهم است. نکات زیر به شما کمک میکند تا کتابها درسی را بهتر بخوانید.
قبل از اینکه کتابی را بخوانید، از مطالب آن پیش نمایشی در ذهن تهیه کنید. اگر مستقیم و بدون پیش نمایش به سراغ کتاب بروید ممکن است کتاب خواندن برایتان کند پیش رود. برای ایجاد پیش نمایش تمام عنوان های فصل و زیرمجموعه ها را مرور کنید، به عکسها و نمودار ها نگاه کنید و خلاصه فصل را بخوانید.
درحالی که به تصاویر و عنوان ها نگاه می کنید، در ذهنتان سؤال ایجاد کنید. مثلاً اگر عنوان، علل جنگ داخلی است، از خود بپرسید علل ریشهای که منجر به جنگ داخلی شد چه بود؟
اینکار سبب میشود تا ذهنتان تشنه جواب باشد و وقتی آن را مطالعه کردید در ذهنتان ثبت می شود.
با صدای بلند درس خواندن نیز سبب درک و حفظ مطلب مورد نظر می شود. همچنین حالت خود را تغییر دهید مثلاً ایستاده بخوانید. برجسته سازی متن نیز از نکات بخاطر سپاری متن کتابهای درسی می باشد.
در حین مطالعه نکات مهم یا کلید هایی که به خاطرتان میرسد را در حاشیه کتاب بنویسید. این موارد را میتوانید بعداً به دفترچه یادداشت خود منتقل کنید.
پرش در کتاب نیز به شما کمک می کند. مطالب را به ترتیب نخوانید. گاهی مثلاً ابتدا پایان فصل را بخوانید یا سر فصلی از وسط کتاب را بخوانید.
هر معلم و استادی به مطالب و سر فصل های خاصی بهای بیشتری می دهد. معمولاً استادان در هنگام تدریس به مطالب مورد نظرشان بیشتر تکیه می کنند. این به شما کمک میکند تا بدانید کجاها را بهتر بخوانید.
در مواقع خستگی از خواندن کتابها درسی پرهیز کنید.خواندن کتاب های درسی مستلزم توجه و آمادگی کامل می باشد. ما توصیه می کنیم حدود 30 تا 45 دقیقه بخوانید و سپس اندکیStudent or Learner
what are adverb clauses? is there anything like adverb noun clause and if so den how to differentiate the types of adverb clauses???
Adverbial clauses are typically those that serve, in the manner of simple adverbs, to specify when, why, how etc. the action of a verb takes place. They are normally introduced by subordinating conjunctions such as 'when', 'because' or 'although'.
Occasionally, however, a structurally nominal (noun-like) clause can serve an adverbial function, as the underlined part of
I was wondering what to do.
(generally analysed as elliptical prepositional phrases, i.e. with the nominal clause as the object of a suppressed preposition:
I was wondering about what to do.)
Such clauses, however, might well be labelled 'adverbial noun clauses'.UNEP reports shed light on how countries are using different tools to shift to low-carbon, resource-efficient economies that achieve sustainable development
India CSR News Network
NAIROBI: Almost one quarter of China will be covered in forest by 2020 if the country succeeds in its mission towards building an “eco-civilization”, a report by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) finds.
The adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the first universally binding climate change agreement signed last year in Paris have renewed hopes that the world can shift to a low-carbon economy that uses natural resources more efficiently and fosters green economic growth.
To help drive this change, UNEP has released a series of reports at the second United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-2) that look at how individual countries are trying to achieve this transformation.
The reports look at China’s attempts to build an “ecological civilization”, Bhutan’s use of its novel Gross National Happiness Index, Germany’s attempts to build a circular economy, Costa Rica’s use of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) and Botswana’s Natural Capital Accounting.
The UNEP reports find that, although Bhutan faces challenges related to socioeconomic issues, and trade and aid dependency, the country has made “impressive progress in recent years”.
Costa Rica’s PES programme has also achieved notable successes, with nearly 15,000 contracts signed with landowners to improve land management. The programme has worked in over one million hectares of forests and distributed over $300 million, the report notes.
While more remains to be done, Germany’s attempts to apply the principles of a circular economy to its waste management plan has led to significant increases in recycling rates, created green jobs and increased resource efficiency.
Released today, UNEP’s Green is Gold report looks at the environmental dimension of China’s 13th five-year plan. As part of this plan, China has vowed that, by 2020, it will have decreased water consumption by 23 per cent, energy consumption by 15 per cent and CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 18 per cent.
By 2020, China’s forest coverage will reach more than 23 per cent and the share of days per year with good air quality in cities at the prefectural level will exceed 80 per cent if the country succeeds in building its “eco-civilization” – a resource-saving, environmentally-friendly society that seeks to integrate ecological development with economic, social, cultural and political development.
UNEP Executive Director Achim Steiner said, “There are numerous tools available for countries to develop an inclusive green economy, and in this report we see examples from across the developed and developing worlds.
“There is no one path to a low-carbon economy, but rather many different opportunities for countries to transform their economies and societies, and orient themselves toward sustainable development. The multiple pathways outlined in this report offer insight into what might work, and are a resource for governments looking to address resource and environmental challenges in non-traditional ways.”
China has already made a number of notable achievements, the UNEP report finds. By the end of 2014, China had built 10.5 billion m2 of energy-saving buildings in urban areas – roughly 38 per cent of the total area of urban residential buildings.
In addition, China’s production of new-energy vehicles increased 45-fold between 2011 and 2015. The country has also built the largest air-quality monitoring network in the developing world – 338 Chinese cities at the prefectural level and above are capable of monitoring six different air quality indicators. The country has also lowered energy consumption per unit of GDP and the amount of CO2 released per unit of GDP.
As part of its attempt to build an eco-civilization, China will build on these successes by:
- limiting total primary energy consumption to 4.8 billion tonnes equivalent of standard coal by 2020
- increasing the share of non-fossil fuel energy in primary energy consumption by up to 15 per cent and limit the share of coal consumption to 62 per cent by 2020
- reaching peak CO2 emissions by 2030
- building a green manufacturing system that is efficient, clean, low carbon and circular.
“If China succeeds in achieving these targets then it will have taken a major step towards shifting to a greener economy that uses resources more efficiently, limits the risks of climate change and improves the health of its people,” said Steiner.
Another UNEP report released today looks at the efforts of four other countries to transition to sustainable, socially inclusive societies, including Bhutan’s unique Gross National Happiness index.
The report, entitled Multiple Pathways to Sustainable Development: Further Evidence of Sustainability in Practice begins by looking at Germany’s efforts to introduce a “circular economy”, a system where products, components and resources are designed to be maintained, reused, remanufactured and recycled to reduce the high levels of waste produced by linear economic models of “take, make, dispose”.
In many parts of the country, pay-as-you-throw recycling schemes make it cost effective for households to produce less waste. The recycling rate of domestic waste grew from 50 per cent in 2000 to 64 per cent in 2013 while the amount of domestic waste has remained virtually constant over many years.
“As a result of its policies, Germany has achieved increasing resource efficiency, high recycling rates, virtually constant waste levels and more than 250,000 jobs in the waste industry,” the report says.
“However, despite being a frontrunner in the field, much is left to do to achieve a true circular economy, as the vast majority of raw materials used by German industry continues to be virgin materials (around 14 per cent derives from recovered waste).”
The report also looks at Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness (GNH), which the country uses instead of GDP to measure its development.
GNH aims for an economy that serves the spiritual, physical, social and environmental health of its citizens and natural environment instead of focusing purely on economic development.
The UNEP report notes that major improvements in Bhutan have been achieved. In the past 20 years, the country has doubled life expectancy and enrolled almost 100 per cent of its children in primary education. In the past 10 years, it has almost halved maternal mortality rate and, unique in South Asia, more than halved poverty.
“As a result, Bhutan achieved many of the Millennium Development Goals ahead of schedule, while at the same time following a cautious approach that puts preservation of traditional culture and environment ahead of economic growth,” the report states.
Since the financial crisis of 2008, GDP has become increasingly criticized as an insufficient metric of progress. Today, government initiatives to guide policy with more holistic measures of economic prosperity and well-being exist in Canada, China, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, among others.
“These countries demonstrate that the idea of GNH is relevant to a wide variety of national contexts” the report states.
The UNEP report also looks at Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) – payments made to landowners and farmers to manage land so that it continues to provide ecological services. The report focuses on Costa Rica, which became one of the first countries in the world to initiate a nationwide PES programme.
The report states: “The programme in Costa Rica has helped to reverse deforestation and has the potential to help reduce poverty by supporting indigent landowners.”
The report also analyzes Botswana’s use of Natural Capital Accounting (NCA), which is the process of calculating the stocks and flows of natural resources and measuring their contribution to a country’s economy.
The report states: “NCA helps the government to better determine the true contribution of natural resources, optimize their use, and assess how they can be used to diversify the economy and reduce poverty. Such accounts are of course no guarantee for sustainable development, but they can give important data support to decision makers that strive for it.”
Download Green is Gold: The Strategy and Actions of China’s Ecological Civilization hereIf you were your "ideal" weight today, how would your life be different?
This is a trick question. "Ideal" is a direct connection with our state of mind!
- Healthy eating is a physical response to hunger. Habits are NOT the secret of healthy eating. Variety is. If you are in the habit of eating cut-up fruit with cottage cheese for lunch every day, this may not be healthy. Our bodies are always tearing down and rebuilding. Skin is often a mirror of what's happening inside.The way to know if an eating habit is a rut and not ideal, is to notice how you look and feel an hour after the meal. If you start to get hungry and look stressed - your habit is a rut. When a meal is 'healthy', our body is satisfied for hours! Healthy eating happens when we stay in tune with our body.
- Being Physically Active is a signal of physical health. When we are stationary for long periods of time, our internal signals get confused. The body is an amazing machine that works best when it's recharged by simple physical activity, like walking. You may discover, if you want a snack between meals, that a walk around the block 'kills' your craving. Instead of grabbing something to eat to calm an odd feeling in your stomach, take a walk to help your system make connections you need internally for more efficient calorie burning and digestion.
- A Good Appetite is a sign of good health. Often, a good appetite is satisfied by less than we consume. The trick is to eat what we need, not what is easy or looks prettiest. Think about it. Protein is the most satisfying food we can eat. Many dieters are protein deficient, making them crave sugar for instant energy - that then, brings them down hard. For ideal weight, eat protein first at mealtime. Then enjoy greens and carbs. If you want to lose weight, skip carbs or just eat a half portion.
- Chew more, eat less. Close your mouth when you chew. People who talk with food in their mouths are rarely an ideal weight. Put down
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نامناسب و ... تنها چند عاملی هستند که در پاسخ به سؤال فوق می توان از آنها نام برد. شهرهای جدید ایران اگرچه یک راه حل میانه و سیاستی واقع گرایانه و مصلحت اندیشانه در شرایط زمانی حال است و اگرچه نسبت به راه حل های اضطراری و کوتاه مدت از جامعیت بیشتری برخوردار است، اما تنها نسخه شفابخش مشکلات شهری ایران نیست. این تفکر فقط می تواند به صورت عملکردی برای ایجاد فرصت ها و مجالها برای تهیه برنامه های اساسی و دراز مدت در شهرنشینی کشور باشد که در راس آن تدوین سیاست ملی شهرنشینی و راهبرد در توسعه فضایی کشور و بالا بردن قابلیت شهرهای کوچک و متوسط است که راه حل اساسی در تامین اهدافی است که تاکنون شهرهای جدید در برآورده کردن آنها عاجز مانده اند.Hoşgeldiniz!
Yükleyen: nefer26medya
Yüklenme Tarihi: 15 Kasım 2016 - 14:15
KAMP
Kuzucuk ve arkadaşları kamp yapmaktadırlar. Kamp lideri olarak, İbikli’yi seçmişlerdir. İbikli kendini yeni rolüne o kadar kaptırmıştır ki, artık hepsi İbikli’den çekinmektedirler. İbikli, sürekli herkese yapılması gerekenleri söylemektedir ve onların davranışlarını kontrol etmektedir. Kampın son günü, ormanı temizleyip, çiftliklerine geri dönerler. Fakat İbikli hala diğerlerine ne yapılması gerektiğini söylemektedir. Hepsi İbikli’nin bu davranışından rahatsızlık duymaktadır ve İbikli’ye tepki gösterirler. Kuzucuk, İbikli ile konuşur ve İbikli’de durumun farkında olduğundan, fakat kendini engelleyemediğinden bahseder. Bunun üzerine, İbikli’nin ağzını bağlarlar ve İbikli anlatmak istediklerini konuşmadan anlatmaya başlar. Bir müddet sonra ip, İbikli’nin ağzından uçar, gider; fakat İbikli farkına varmaz. Kuzucuk ve arkadaşları, İbikli’nin ne anlatmaya çalıştığını tahmin etmeye başlarlar. Kuzucuk, İbikli’nin anlatmak istediğini söyler ve İbikli sevinçle konuşmaya başlar. O esnada, ipin olmadığını ve kendini kontrol edebildiğinin farkına varır.FESPA Eurasia 2020, serigrafi, dijital, tekstil baskı ve endüstriyel reklam sektörlerindeki kişiler ve şirketler için iş, ağ kurma ve kaynak bulma fırsatları sunan bir uluslararası ihtisas fuarıdır. Uluslararası veya yerli bir baskı uzmanı, endüstriyel reklamcı, tasarımcı, baskı ürünleri alıcısı iseniz mutlaka ziyaret etmeniz gereken FESPA Eurasia 2020, 500'ü aşkın markanın en son ürünlerini, uygulamalarını ve yeniliklerini sunmaktadır.HARRISBURG, PA. (AP) — Demokratik hükümet Tom Wolf ve Teğmen Vali John Fetterman’ın ortak çabasıyla Perşembe gününden ay sonuna kadar olan bir süre içinde hafif, şiddet içermeyen marihuana mahkumiyetine sahip Pennsylvanialılar affedilebilir.
Af çabası, esrar bulundurmaktan veya az miktarda kişisel kullanımdan hüküm giymiş herkesin başvurmasına izin verecektir. Mahkumiyet yaşı için bir sınırlama yoktur.
Yetkililer, son birkaç on yıldaki mahkumiyetler nedeniyle binlerce Pennsylvanialının uygun olduğunu tahmin ediyor.
NORML’nin Pennsylvania, New Jersey ve Delaware bölgesel organizatörü Chris Goldstein, “Bu, Gov. Wolf ve Lt. Gov. Fetterman’ın bu konuda icra ofisinden ellerinden gelen her şeyi yapmalarına iyi bir örnek” dedi. “Bu, yapabildikleri kadarıyla hala gerçekten sınırlı.”
Geçen yıl, esrar kullanımı nedeniyle tutuklanan 13.000 kişinin bu af çabasından potansiyel olarak yararlanabileceğini söyledi.
“Bu bir aylık pencere, umarım bu işe yarar, ancak başvuran yüz binlerce insan olabilir” dedi.
Wolf yaptığı açıklamada, Cumhuriyetçilerin kontrolündeki Yasama Meclisini yetişkinlere yönelik esrarın yasallaştırılmasını desteklemeye çağırdığını söyledi. Erie İlçesinden Cumhuriyetçi Senatör Dan Laughlin’in şimdiye kadarki çabaları ilerlemedi.
Wolf, “Onlar yapana kadar, sicillerinde küçük bir esrar suçundan olumsuz etkilenen Pennsylvanialıları desteklemek için elimden gelen her şeyi yapmaya kararlıyım” dedi.
GÖRÜŞMEYE KATILOn yıllardır, doktorlar, 70'in üzerindeki sağlıklı insanlar için düşük doz aspirin reçeteliyorlar. shutterstock.com adresinden
Günde düşük dozda aspirin almak sağlıklı sağlığı korumak veya engellilik başlangıcını geciktirmez. Bu, Avustralya ve ABD'den 19,000'ten daha yaşlı insanları içeren yedi yıllık çalışmamızdan elde edilen bulgulardan biriydi.
Ayrıca günlük düşük dozda aspirinin, daha önce rahatsızlık yaşamamış yaşlı insanlar tarafından alındığında kalp krizini veya felci engellemediğini de tespit ettik. Ancak büyük kanama riskini arttırır.
Aspirinin, kalp krizi gibi kardiyak bir olaydan sonra insanlar tarafından alındığında hayat kurtardığı uzun süredir bilinmektedir. Ve vardı belli oldu 1990'lerden bu yana, sağlıklı yaşlılarda düşük doz aspirin kullanımını destekleyecek yeterli kanıt bulunamamıştır. Ancak, birçok sağlıklı yaşlı insan bu amaçla aspirin reçetelenmeye devam etti.
Topluluğumuzdaki yaşlı nüfusun artması ile birlikte, koruyucu hekimlik alanındaki temel odak noktamız bu yaş grubunun bağımsızlığını mümkün olduğunca uzun süre korumaktır. Bu, sağlıklı yaşlılarda aspirinin sağlıklarını uzatıp uzatmadığını çözme ihtiyacını arttırmıştır.
Yayınlandığı Tıp New England Journal Bugün, Yaşlılarda Olayları Azaltma konusunda ASPirin (Aspree) deneme Avustralya'da yapılan en büyük ve en kapsamlı klinik denemedir. Aspirin gerektiren tıbbi durumları olmayan 70 yaşlarındaki kişilerde aspirin ve plasebo etkilerini karşılaştırdı.
Bulgularımız, 70'in üzerindeki milyonlarca sağlıklı insan ve doktorlarının artık günlük aspirin sağlığının uzatılmasının cevabı olmadığını bilecekleri anlamına geliyor.
Önleme için neden aspirin?
Aspirin ilk önce 1898'te sentezlendi. 1960’lerden bu yana biliniyordu Bu aspirin daha önce kalp hastalığı veya inme geçirenler arasında kalp krizi ve felç riskini azaltır. Buna ikincil korunma denir.
InnerSelf'ten En Son Haberleri Alın
Bu etki, aspirinin trombositlerin birbirine yapışmasını önleme ve kan damarlarını tıkamalarını engellediği, bazen de “kanı inceltme” olarak adlandırılmaktadır.
Bu koruyucu eylemin, ilk kalp krizini veya felci (birincil önleme olarak bilinir) önlemek için başka türlü sağlıklı olan kişilere tahminde bulunabileceği varsayılmıştır. Bu görüşü doğrulamak için orta yaşlı kişilerde yapılan bir takım erken korunma çalışmaları yapıldı.
shutterstock.com adresinden
Yaşlı insanlarda, aspirinin kalp hastalığı veya inmenin azaltılması üzerindeki etkisinin, altta yatan riskleri nedeniyle arttırılması beklenebilir. Ancak aspirin'in yan etkileri (özellikle kanama) yaşlılar daha yüksek kanama riski altında olduğu için artabilir.
Bu yaş grubundaki riskler ve faydalar arasındaki denge daha önce belirsizdi. Bu da çeşitli olarak kabul edildi klinik kılavuzlar Özellikle 70'ten daha yaşlı kişilerde kanıt bulunmadığını gösteren aspirin kullanımı için.
ASPREE denemesi
Yaşlılarda bir aspirin denemesi ilk olarak 1990'lerin başlarında çağrıldı. Ancak aspirin patentli olmadığı için, büyük bir denemeyi desteklemek için endüstri finansmanını sağlama konusunda çok az beklenti vardı. Ancak, 2000'lerin ortalarında birincil önleme için aspirin kullanımının yol açtığı tartışmalar, Monash Üniversitesi'ne Ulusal Sağlık ve Tıbbi Araştırma Konseyi'nden ilk fon sağlamasına yol açtı.
Avustralya’da finansman, ASPREE’nin büyüklüğü ve karmaşıklığının denenmesi için gerekli olanın yalnızca bir kısmıydı. ABD Ulusal Yaşlanma Enstitüsü'nden (ve ardından ABD Ulusal Kanser Enstitüsünden) alınan hibe, çalışmayı mümkün hale getirdi.
Başka bir zorluk da, sağlıklı ve yaşayan ve sık sık toplumlarında çalışan gerekli yaşlı gönüllüleri işe almaktı. Çoğu araştırmanın aksine, hastanede ya da hasta olmayan katılımcılara ihtiyacımız vardı.
Bu, hastalarının işe alınmasını ve sağlıklarının denetlenmesini destekleyen araştırma ekibiyle işbirliği yapan 2,000 GP'lerinin desteğiyle ele alındı. Avustralya'da, çalışma aktivitesini yerelleştirmek ve gönüllülerimizi güncel tutmaya ve dahil etmeye devam eden topluluk etkinliklerine ev sahipliği yapmak için güneydoğu Avustralya, Tazmanya, Victoria, ACT ve güney NSW genelinde 16 siteleri kuruldu.
ASPREE, temel sağlık önlemi olarak engelsiz sağkalım kullanan ilk büyük önleme denemesidir. Engelsiz sağkalım, aspirin gibi bir müdahalenin net fayda sağlayıp sağlamadığına dair tek bir bütünleşik ölçüm sağlar. Bunun sebebi, yaşlıların sağlıklarını koruyamadığı ve ilacın yararları herhangi bir olumsuz etkiyi geride bırakmadığı sürece önleyici bir ilaç almaları için çok az nokta bulunmasıdır.
ASPREE gibi büyük ölçekli koruyucu sağlık çalışmaları, yaşlanan bir popülasyonun formda, sağlıklı, hastaneden uzak ve bağımsız bir şekilde yaşamalarını sağlamak için giderek daha önemli hale gelecektir. Yeni önleyici fırsatlar ortaya çıktıkça, tipik olarak büyük klinik deneyler gerektireceklerdir ve Avustralya sağlık sisteminin yapısı bu tür bir çalışma için ideal bir ortam olduğunu kanıtlamıştır.
Diğer sonuçlar ASPREE deneme sürümü bir süre görünmeye devam edecek. Bunlar günlük düşük doz aspirinin demans ve kanser gibi konularda uzun vadeli etkilerini tarif edecektir. Aynı zamanda, sağlıklı yaşlanmayı gelecekte iyi bir şekilde desteklemek için diğer stratejiler hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlayacaktır.
Yazar hakkında
John McNeil, Profesör, Halk Sağlığı ve Önleyici Tıp Fakültesi Başkanı, Monash Üniversitesi
İlgili Kitaplar
{amazonWS: searchindex = Kitaplar; anahtar kelimeler = kalp hastalığını önleme; maxresults = 3}Recife is a city found in Pernambuco, Brazil. It is located -8.05 latitude and -34.88 longitude and it is situated at elevation 8 meters above sea level.
Recife has a population of 1,478,098 making it the biggest city in Pernambuco. It operates on the BRST time zone.
|Elevation||8 m over sea level|
|Page on World Atlas||Recife|
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The World's Most Visited CountriesFino a una ventina di giorni fa, quest’isolotto a circa mille chilometri di distanza da Tokyo non compariva su nessuna carta nautica. A farlo emergere dalla superfice del mare è stata un’eruzione vulcanica: la prima in 40 anni nella catena delle isole Ogasawara, in Giappone. Ora misura circa 250 metri per duecento.
====LINACS, which is short for linear accelerator, is a very important piece of equipment in the medical world. Linear accelerators utilize external beam radiation to destroy abnormal cells in the body, preventing the regrowth of tumors and most importantly, treating cancer without harming the healthy cells around it. LINAC technology is a combination of physics and engineering that is vital for saving lives, therefore, any hitches or glitches with the equipment is unacceptable.
Owing to the simple fact that most medical equipment needs regular maintenance to stay running properly and that a new linear accelerator will set you back a few thousands, if not millions of dollars, depending on the city, country of installation, as well as on the upgrades and features of each system, it helps to have around the clock access to a distributor of replacement parts for LINACS.
A linear accelerator contains hundreds of sensitive and sophisticated parts. If one LINAC part gets damaged, it can easily cause a ripple effect and bring an oncologist’s clinic to a halt for a few good days, especially if they don’t have instant access to a professional maintenance team let alone replacement parts for LINACS. This is why having a linear accelerator part supplier at the touch of a button is important. While buying a refurbished LINAC system may seem like the best way forward, oncologists can save thousands of dollars and get excellent value on quality replacement parts for LINACS when they buy them from a quality distributor who not only replaces the parts but will also offer regular repair services and solutions.
Cancer patients have to deal with a lot of life-threatening situations during their path to recovery such as infections. They need the reassurance that their doctors are taking every precaution necessary to ensure their safety. Radiation therapy has proven to be a highly effective method of cancer treatment, including relieving symptoms caused by more advanced cancers. Being a highly-targeted treatment that aims accurately at the cancer wherever it is in the body, radiotherapy contributes to about forty percent of all cancer cures and does a great job of alleviating cancer-related symptoms such as pain and in so doing, improves the quality of life for many cancer patients.
A linear accelerator is designed to deliver high does with precision and accuracy through photon beams to destroy cancer cells and diminish their ability to reproduce, which is why any malfunction should be addressed immediately to prevent any mishaps during treatments.
Learn more about Radparts and the variety of services and parts they offer to repair medical equipment including: linear accelerators parts, CT scanners parts, linac parts, and radiation oncology equipment at www.radparts.com. To contact one of our medical equipment repair specialists for parts or service call toll free 877.704.3838 for 24/7/365 support.When you think of cave animals, you may think of bats or bears but cave life is much more diversified. When I speak of cave animals, I am referring to various groups in the animal kingdom, including mammals, fish, insects and crustaceans.
Many animals use cave entrances as shelters for sleeping, hibernation, safety and reproduction but are not true cave dwellers. The animals that only use the area of a cave near the entrance can be referred to as troglophiles.
These might be smaller mammals like:
Birds such as swifts, swallows, owls and vultures sometimes use cave entrances for nesting.
An animal that only lives in caves and does not venture out is called a troglobiont or stygobiont for aquatic species but they are both usually referred to as troglobites.
True troglobites often have physical adaptations to cave life such as reduced or no vision, elongated appendages and loss of pigment (no color). For example:
Photo Courtesy of Jan Tik
Salamanders are common in the southern USA, especially Texas. The troglobiontic species are all lungless and breath with gills.
A very interesting animal, similar to a salamander and sometimes called a "white salamander" is Proteus anguinus or “Human Fish”.
Cave fish mostly live in cave streams and probably got there from surface streams that are swallowed by caves.
Crustaceans, including crabs, shrimp and crayfish are often the largest animals in a cave. But even then, the endangered Alabama cave shrimp is less than an inch long.
The smallest kind of cave animal is a microbe. One cave microbe is Epsilonproteobacteria. That's a big name for a tiny animal but it plays a big role. It actually plays a part in the formation of the cave itself by dissolving calcium carbonate. The gypsum that is left behind is easily dissolved by water. About 10% of the world's caves may be formed in this way.Another microorganism that is more common and more easily seen in caves is a bacteria called actinomycete. Their colonies form florescent white dots on moist rock.
They play a critical role in the processing and breakdown of organic matter.
It is estimated that there are around 50,000 different species of troglobites worldwide if all were accounted for but we will probably never discover them all. Still, new species are being discovered all the time.
By Terry Shurts, Copyright © 2008-2015 Adventure-Caves.Comکاشی سرامیکی مقاوم در برابر سرما و یخزدگی چه نوع کاشی است؟
منظور این است که در شرایط سرمای شدید و یخبندان کاشی چقدر مقاوم است. هر چند که درباره این فاکتور در منابع مختلف صحبت میشود اما عدد و رقمی برای تعیین نشده، تا بتوان کاشیهای مقاوم را از غیر مقاوم تفکیک کرد؟İngiliz istihbaratı YALAN rapor hazırladı. "Irak'ta kimyasal silah var" diye.
"Yalan" diyoruz çünkü yıllar sonra İngiliz Başbakan çıkıp "Pardon raporumuzdüzmeceymiş" dedi. O yalan raporla ABD ve İngiltere Irak'a daldı. Başkan Bush ekranlara çıkıp dünyaya "HAÇLI seferimiz başladı" dedi. Ve sahtekarların iftirasıyla girilen Irak'ta milyonlarca insan öldürüldü. Binlerce kadına tecavüz edildi, siviller, çocuklar kan gölünde
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provides ventilation fire, evacuation of smoke and hot gases from the area under fire.
In paragraph 6 of the UNI 9494 parameters that are taken into consideration are the speed of propagation of the fire, the expected duration of the fire itself, the geometry, ie the compartment.
With the first parameter you want to consider the amount of smoke and hot gases produced. Do not require the fire load, but the speed with which the brazier widens. And you give three hypotheses:
It is not easy to use the low speed, because they are just a few plastic packaging to bring the case to the average speed. The speed is high in products and substances with rapid combustion, almost all players. The second parameter, the development time of the fire, is given by the sum of the alarm time (O min. With automatic smoke detection, 5 min. In the presence of men) and the time for action by the fire brigade, 5 min. for internal team, 20 min. for external team. It keeps tripping time lowest, 5 min., If any automatic shutdown as the sprinkler.
The trip time is given by the external team of firefighters. In general, it is estimated 1km = 1 min., In areas with difficult traffic, it is advisable to confirm the time from the provincial command.Illustration by Kimberly Carney
Mice and other mammals — people included — have an exquisite ability to sift out different scents. Humans can recognize at least 10,000 different odors, and some animals may detect far more. The neurons that respond to airborne scent molecules, or odorants, can do more than just recognize scents, such as triggering a visceral memory of childhood Thanksgivings or the desire to get away from a rotten stench.
Some scents, especially those emitted from other animals, can cause instinctive behavior.
How mice respond to social cues — instinctive reactions driven by their superb sense of smell — may involve a unique set of neurons in the nose, according to a new study by Fred Hutch biologist and Nobel Laureate Dr. Linda Buck and colleagues.
The study, published April 20 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, sheds light on a small but unique set of genes involved in scent recognition, known as trace amine-associated receptor, or TAAR, genes, by capturing the molecular details of how and where these genes are turned on and off in the nose.
Buck, who first discovered TAAR genes in 2006, has spent 25 years delving into the science of smell, launched by her discovery, together with Dr. Richard Axel of Columbia University, of the genes responsible for the majority of scent detection. Those genes comprise mammals’ largest gene family and code for proteins known as odorant receptors. The researchers found that mice have about 1,000 odorant receptors, humans between 350 and 400.
Buck and Axel found these odorant receptors inside olfactory neurons, nerve cells embedded in a small area lining the upper part of the nose. Buck and her colleagues later found evidence that each olfactory neuron produces a protein from only one odorant receptor gene — all the other hundreds of odorant receptor genes remain dormant in that cell.
When airborne scent molecules waft into the nose, those tiny chemicals are captured by copies of the single odorant receptor protein sitting on the surface of nose neurons. Each odorant slots into only specific odorant receptors, like a key fitting in a lock. When that key and lock find each other, the odorant receptor triggers signals in its neuron that travel to the brain.
But even that groundbreaking discovery didn’t explain the full panoply of the sense of smell. Buck and her colleagues later found that odorant receptors are combinatorial — each scent triggers the activation of a small and unique subset of odorant receptor proteins and the neurons that house them, making an “odorant code” in the brain. And that detailed and precise organization finally illuminated how humans and other animals — even fish — can detect so many different odors.
“Even if each odorant is only recognized by three odorant receptors, this combinatorial strategy could generate millions of different odorant codes,” Buck said. “That was a key breakthrough.”
The large number of odorant receptors and their combinatorial use in odor detection also explains how our noses can easily distinguish between even closely related chemicals, Buck said. Odorants with scents of oranges and sweaty socks, for example, are nearly identical molecules, but we perceive them very differently.
A pungent mystery
So Buck’s discovery of the TAAR genes and proteins was a big surprise, she said. The proteins are similar to odorant receptors, although a much smaller family — mice have 14 TAARs, humans six. And a small class of olfactory neurons produce TAAR proteins instead of odorant receptors (as with odorant receptors, neurons that express TAARs seem to choose only one TAAR gene to activate).
“This was really puzzling,” Buck said. “Why would there be TAARs in addition to odorant receptors?”
Then she and her team found that some of the scent molecules that TAARs recognize come from other animals. The researchers discovered that several mouse TAARs recognize compounds in mouse urine, and that was their first hint about the proteins’ special role.
“Urine is a very rich source of social cues in the mouse,” Buck said. “It can stimulate all kinds of things, like maternal behavior, mating behavior or aggression. So we thought, ‘Aha! Maybe the TAARs are involved in sensing social cues.’”
Most responses to smells (for mice or humans) are learned behaviors, said Dr. Zhonghua Lu, a postdoctoral fellow in Buck's group and one of the study’s authors. But some are innate — like attraction to something pleasing or repulsion from something potentially dangerous. Buck and other research teams later showed that TAARs recognized chemicals that trigger innate responses, either attraction or aversion. Buck’s team also found that a human TAAR recognizes spoiled fish, a smell that’s almost universally repugnant to humans, suggesting that these proteins can drive our instinctive reactions, too.
The science of attraction and repulsion
Those behaviors and their link to TAARs are intriguing, but it’s not clear how the neurons that produce individual TAARs drive innate responses.
“If that’s the case, it must be that some neurons are preprogrammed to express TAARs and may be sending signals to different pathways in the brain,” Buck said. “There must be something special about those neurons.”
To try to get at that question, Buck’s team asked how these proteins and their associated neurons are organized in the nose — and how neurons choose among the more than 1,000 different odorant receptors or TAARs available to them in the genome.
Taking advantage of the observations that each olfactory neuron always houses one, and only one, functional scent-sensing protein (either an odorant receptor or a TAAR), the researchers looked at mice with mutations in one of two different TAAR genes.
The Buck group and others found that neurons that chose a mutant TAAR tended to replace that nonfunctioning protein with another TAAR instead of an odorant receptor, even though there are far more odorant receptor genes than TAAR genes. And Buck's group further found two classes of TAARs — a neuron missing a functional TAAR tended to choose another gene from the same subset of TAAR genes.
These two subsets of TAAR neurons are spatially separate in the nose, Buck said. These findings suggest that there’s something unique about neurons that contain TAARs, which could be a clue to help map the cells responsible for TAAR-driven instinctive behaviors.
How the neurons choose their fate
To understand how these special classes of neurons arise, the researchers then looked at TAAR gene organization inside the nucleus, the part of the cell that contains all its genes. Cells often bundle genes together spatially in the nucleus, said Dr. Tobias Ragoczy, one of the study’s authors and a staff scientist in the fundamental research laboratory of Dr. Mark Groudine, Fred Hutch executive vice president and deputy director.
“If you keep them all together, it’s easier to regulate them as a group,” Ragoczy said.
The nucleus contains “dead zones” and “hot zones” for gene activity — physical spots in the cellular compartment where genes are more or less likely to spur production of a protein. Clustering odorant receptor and TAAR genes in such dead zones within neurons makes sense, Ragoczy said, when you consider that only one out of the more than 1,000 genes needs to be activated in any given cell.
It was already known that the genes encoding odorant receptors cluster together in large silenced regions toward the center of the nucleus, so the team expected that TAAR genes might show a similar clustering. But instead they found “a striking difference,” Ragoczy said. TAAR genes are sequestered at the edge of the nucleus instead, a region not thought to be a dead zone for gene activity in olfactory neurons (although it is in many other cell types). They also saw that when a single TAAR gene is activated in a neuron, that gene moves away from its neighbors at the periphery into a different part of the nucleus.
It’s not clear why the cells would choose two different organizational systems to silence the different olfactory receptor genes, Ragoczy said, but their findings indicate that olfactory neurons have another layer of organization than scientists had previously appreciated.
Next up, Buck and her team want to uncover how TAAR-containing neurons trigger instinctive reactions by uncovering the signaling pathways in the brain triggered when a TAAR protein recognizes a scent. They’re already looking at neural pathways that govern other scent-driven behaviors in mice, behaviors like fear, mating and changes in appetite.
“What about those neural pathways causes attraction or aversion?” Buck asked. “Are signals from those TAARs going down different railroad tracks in the brain?”
There’s little known about how the brain prompts such behavior, Buck said. And that’s her team’s next challenge.
Rachel Tompa is a former staff writer at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. She has a Ph.D. in molecular biology from the University of California, San Francisco and a certificate in science writing from the University of California, Santa Cruz. Follow her on Twitter @Rachel_Tompa.
Are you interested in reprinting or republishing this story? Be our guest! We want to help connect people with the information they need. We just ask that you link back to the original article, preserve the author’s byline and refrain from making edits that alter the original context. Questions? Email us at [email protected] grass, more...
[Koeleria cristata "auct. pro parte, non Pers.", more]
Etymology: Koeleria: for George Ludwig Koeler, late 18th century German professor at Mainz and student of grasses
Plants: perennial grass
Conservation Status: Native
Flora of North America: Flora of North America Floristic Rating: Coefficient of Conservatism = 7 Atlas of the Wisconsin Prairie and Savanna Flora: by T.S. Cochrane & H.H. Iltis: habitat, distribution infomation / flowering and fruiting times USDA Plants Database: Federal Distribution and detailed information including photos Grasses of Iowa: Detailed photographs, descriptions, maps Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food
Alberta Government: "The identification of certain native and naturalized grasses by their vegetative characters", S.E. Clarke, J.A. Campbell and W. Shevkenek. 1950.
(Publication no. 762 ; Technical bulletin no. 50). Drawings, descriptions.[NIAMEY/RIO DE JANEIRO] Scientists and policymakers from Africa, Argentina, Brazil, and France have called for better scientific cooperation and capacity building in the drylands with an eye on putting the drylands agenda on the UN Rio+20 summit agenda next year.
Participants at the Fight Against Desertification in Africa conference in Niger (24–25 October) invited world leaders who will take part in the UN Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio+20, in June 2012, to make creative decisions to promote sustainable development in dryland areas — home to up to two billion people.
The 'Declaration of Niamey' adopted at the conference aims to put dryland issues on the Rio+20 agenda, Tahirou Amadou, the spokesperson for the French institute for research and development (IRD) in Niger, told SciDev.Net. He said that the declaration will feed into the preparatory meetings for the summit.
The declaration recommends policies that would ensure the greening of the economy through sustainable development, including enhanced use of renewable energy.
"Efforts to improve scientific cooperation devoted to the drylands should be promoted at all levels," it says, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research — in the fields of desertification, drought and land degradation — which takes into account social, economic and environmental issues.
This could be achieved by developing local research initiatives and regional centres of excellence, building new networks and observatories, better sharing of scientific data and its use by policymakers.
Research activities should help build local expertise, the declaration says, and not be restricted to producing scientific publications but also have outputs that could be used directly by policymakers and other stakeholders.
The declaration also calls for more South–South and tripartite cooperation; better governance that would use traditional knowledge and empower local populations while reinforcing regional cooperation; and better communication among scientists, policymakers, industry and civil groups, as well as new strategies to better monitor actions against desertification.
Koffi Clément, a lecturer in the department of biodiversity at Abobo-Adjamé University, Côte d'Ivoire, said that the declaration is a strong signal to scientists, policymakers and institutions.
"We hope that the recommendations will be applied for real effectiveness in the fight against desertification in Africa," said Clément.
Esther Bemerguy de Albuquerque, secretary of the Council of Economic and Social Development, Brazil, who attended the conference, said: "There is great interest in Brazil in this coalition, because [drylands] represent 11 per cent of Brazilian territory.
"We hope the recommendations of the declaration serve as a basis for discussions at the Rio+20 summit to renew global understanding about goals and strategies to give impetus to international efforts to combat desertification, land degradation and the effects of drought in the perspective of sustainable development."
Earlier this year, Qatar launched the Global Dry Land Alliance, which would enable member states to pool their research efforts to strengthen food security in arid countries.
The Niamey conference was organised by the African Union, the Pan African Agency of the Great Green Wall, in collaboration with France's Institute of Research for Development ,and Brazil's Centre for Strategic Studies and Management. The latter two have included the declaration recommendations in their submissions to the Rio+20 summit draft document.
Link to 'Declaration of Niamey' [217kB]
Additional reporting by Luís Amorim.بر اساس آخرین آمار متاهلین ساکن تهران برای دریافت وام مسکن باید بیش از ۱۷۲ میلیون تومان پرداخت کنند.
به گزارش اخبار تایمز، در شهریور ۱۴۰۰ هر برگ اوراق رهنی به قیمت ۸۸ هزار و ۱۰۰ تومان معامله می شد. این اوراق در مهر ۱۴۰۰ به ارزش ۸۸ هزار و ۹۰۰ تومان، در آبان ۱۴۰۰ به ارزش ۸۹ هزار و ۸۰۰ تومان و در آذرماه ۸۹ هزار و ۶۰۰ تومان است.
اوراق تسهیلات مسکن در دی و بهمن ۱۴۰۰ با قیمت های ۸۹۳۰۰ و ۸۹۵۰۰ تومان معامله می شود که این اوراق در سال ۱۴۰۱ ۸۹۷۰۰ تومان و در سال ۱۴۰۲ ۸۹۹۰۰ تومان قیمت گذاری شده است و این گزارش بر اساس قیمت ۱۴۰۲ نوشته شده است.
قیمت اوراق برای مجردها و متأهلهای تهرانی
بر این اساس مجردان ساکن تهران می توانند تا سقف ۵۶۰ میلیون تومان تسهیلات دریافت کنند که شامل ۴۰۰ میلیون تومان تسهیلات خرید مسکن و ۱۶۰ میلیون تومان وام است. بنابراین برای دریافت وام ۴۰۰ میلیون تومانی باید ۸۰۰ برگ تسهیلات مسکن خریداری کنند که قیمت تمام شده آن ۷۱ میلیون و ۹۲۰ هزار تومان با ۸۹ هزار و ۹۰۰ تومان است.
همچنین با احتساب وام ۱۶۰ میلیون تومانی که باید ۳۲۰ برگه به مبلغ ۲۸ میلیون و ۷۶۸ هزار تومان بخرند، کل هزینه خرید اوراق به ۱۰۰ میلیون و ۶۸۸ هزار تومان می رسد.
برهمین اساس زوج های تهرانی می توانند تا سقف ۹۶۰ میلیون تومان شامل ۸۰۰ میلیون تومان تسهیلات خرید مسکن برای هر نفر و ۱۶۰ میلیون تومان وام دریافت کنند. بنابراین زوجین باید یک میلیون و ۶۰۰ برگ تسهیلات مسکن خریداری کنند که قیمت تمام شده آن ۱۴۳ میلیون و ۸۴۰ هزار تومان است که به همراه هزینه وام ۲۸ میلیون و ۷۶۸ هزار تومانی که باید ۳۲۰ برگ تسهیلات مسکن خریداری کنند جمعاً ۱۷۲ میلیون و ۶۰۸ هزار تومان می شود. برای پرداخت
شهرهای بالای ۲۰۰ هزار جمعیت
سقف این تسهیلات برای مراکز استان ها و شهرهای بالای ۲۰۰ هزار نفر جمعیت مجرد به ۳۲۰ میلیون تومان و برای زوجین ۶۴۰ میلیون تومان رسیده است.
با توجه به اینکه مجردها ۶۴۰ و متاهلین ساکن این شهرها باید ۱۲۸۰ کارت تسهیلات مسکن بخرند، مجردها باید ۵۷ میلیون و ۵۳۶ و متاهلین ۱۱۵ میلیون و ۷۲ هزار تومان بپردازند.Antidepressants are drugs used for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other conditions, including dysthymia, anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, eating disorders, chronic pain, neuropathic pain and, in some cases, dysmenorrhoea, snoring, migraines, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), substance abuse and sleep disorders. They can be used alone or in combination with other medications but only when prescribed.
The most important classes of antidepressants are the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Other drugs used or proposed for the treatment of depression include buprenorphine, low-dose antipsychotics, and St John's wort.
- 1 Medical uses
- 1.1 Major depressive disorder
- 1.2 Anxiety Disorders
- 1.3 Eating Disorders
- 1.4 Pain
- 2 Adverse effects
- 3 Pharmacology
- 4 Types
- 5 Adjuncts
- 6 History
- 7 Society and culture
- 8 See also
- 9 Notes
- 10 References
- 11 Additional reading
For depression, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) is often used to measure the severity of depression. The maximum score for the 17-item HAM-D questionnaire is 52; the higher the score, the more severe the depression.
Major depressive disorder
The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2009 guidelines indicate that antidepressants should not be routinely used for the initial treatment of mild depression, because the risk-benefit ratio is poor. The guidelines recommend that antidepressants treatment should be considered (though only in combination with psychosocial interventions) for:
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-covalent complex is formed by electrostatic and/or hydrophobic interactions between a positively charged CPPs and large, negatively charged cargoes .
CPP are extremely beneficial because they are biocompatible and the peptide sequence can be altered to fine tune hydrophobicity, affinity, charge, solubility and stability. They can also be readily synthesized in sufficient quantity . However, the lack of cell specificity remains the main limitation for further clinical study of CPP . Several approaches have been suggested to selectively target cancer cells using CPPs conjugated with targeting ligands. Among these, combined use of CPP with cell targeting peptides and activable cell-penetrating peptides, are discussed in the later section.
CPPs can be classified based their origin, function, sequence, or mechanism of uptake. According to their physicochemical properties, they can be categorized into three cationic, hydrophobic, and amphipathic peptides. Cationic CPPs are the peptides with highly positive net charges at physiological pH. Primarily they are originated from the basic short strands of arginines and lysines, for example TAT48-60 (GRKKRRQRRRPPQ), Penetratin (RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK), and DPV1047 (VKRGLKLRHVRPRVTRMDV). Hydrophobic CPP primarily containing nonpolar residues, which have amino acid groups that are vital for cellular uptake, along with a low net charge, for instance, Pep-7 (SDLWEMMMVSLACQY) and C105Y (CSIPPEVKFNKPFVYLI) are some of hydrophobic peptides A third class of CPPs is the amphipathic CPPs, which contain both polar (hydrophilic) and nonpolar (hydrophobic) regions of amino acids. Pep-1 (KETWWETWWTEWSQPKKKRKV) and pVEC (LLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK) are the typical examples .
In another mode of classification, CPPs are categorized based on the origin of the peptide: Derived CPP, Chimeric CPP and Synthetic CPP. Derived peptides are protein-derived peptides, for example, TAT and penetratin, Chimeric peptides include two or more motifs from different peptides, such as transportan, derived from mastoparan and galanin, and its shorter analogue TP10. Synthetic peptides for example the polyarginine family[63, 64].For the detailed review on the classification of CPP the reader is referred to [50, 61, 63].
Lack of cell specificity, which is a major drawback of CPPs is mainly due to their electrostatic interaction. Generally the cationic type of CPPs bind to anionic components of the plasma membrane, and this is principally accountable for their membrane transporting properties .
To overwhelm the problem of non-specificity, researchers have introduced the Activatable Cell penetrating peptides (ACPPs). ACPPs are novel targeting agents comprising of a polycationic CPP attached to a neutralizing polyanion unit via a cleavable linker (Fig. 2). Adsorption and uptake of CPPs into cells are prevented until the linker is cleaved . In ACPP, stimulus-responsive materials are exploited to stimulate the selective display of CPPs within the pathological environment of a tumor, such as lower pH caused by building up of lactic acid or overexpression of extracellular matrix development remodeling proteases, or may be external application of heat or light to a disease site .
The lower pH in the tumor microenvironment compared with normal tissues can be exploited as a targeting strategy . The utilization of this approach has been known to improve the intracellular delivery of cargo molecules performed with CPPs. CPPs via shelter in nanocarriers with triggered exposure mechanisms, such as acid-degradable cross-links .
A number of studies involving different approaches of acid-activated CPP for tumor targeted delivery have been reported. For instance, Jin et al investigated acid-active peptide by amidizing the TAT lysine residues’ amines to succinyl amides (aTAT), completely inhibiting TAT’s nonspecific interactions in the blood compartment. The succinyl amides in the aTAT were quickly hydrolyzed, fully restoring TAT’s functions in the acidic tumor tissue or inside the cell lyso/endosomes. Thus, aTAT-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) micelles resulted long circulation in the blood compartment and efficiently accumulated and transported doxorubicin to tumor tissues, offering a high antitumor activity and low toxicity to cardiovascular system. Moreover, Cheng et al also used pH activable cell-penetrating peptide (CR8G3PK6, ACPP) with of 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride (DMA) as a shielding group, and functionalized with anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) to produce a novel prodrug (DOX-ACPP-DMA) for tumor targeting drug delivery. The shielding group of DMA conjugated to ACPP through amide bond between DMA and the primary amines of K6, which was used to inhibit the cell-penetrating activity of the polycationic CPP (R8) by intramolecular electrostatic attraction at physiological pH 7.4. However, at tumor extracellular pH 6.8, the hydrolysis of the shielding group resulted charge reversal, activating and restoring the original function of CPP for improved cellular uptake by tumor cells. After cell internalization, the overexpressed intracellular proteases would further trigger drug release in cells .
Another example, Regberg et al demonstrated that Peptides (PepFect 3) modified with a leucine/histidine sequence have been known to be pH responsive CPP. The modified analogues PepFect 3 has shown a significantly improved cellular bioactivity than the unmodified PepFect .
Most recently, the group of Yao developed the acid activated CPP by the introduction of some electron donating group such as Ethyl, Isopropyl, and Butyl to C-2 position of histidine of the CPP named as TH (AGYLLGHINLHHLAHL(Aib)HHIL-NH2), to form corresponding TH analogs (Ethyl-TH, Isopropyl-TH and Butyl-TH). The new TH analogs formed were linked to the antitumor drug camptothecin (CPT), and butyl-TH modified conjugate showed a remarkably stronger pH-dependent cytotoxicity to cancer cells than TH and the other conjugates .
Quenching of the cell-penetrating activity of the polycationic peptide by electrostatic interactions with the polyanionic domain can block the cellular uptake. However, tumor tissues, matrix metalloproteases (MMP-2/9), which are overexpressed in cancer tissues, cleaved the substrate and released the polycationic from the polyanionic domain, thereby stimulating cellular adhesion and subsequent uptake of the polycationic peptide(Fig. 2) [68, 73]. Shi et al developed a conjugate of ACPP with antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX) which is sensitive to matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-2/9) to form ACPP-DOX conjugate consisting of the polycationic domain (CPP), the cleavable MMP-2/9-sensitive substrate, the polyanionic domain, and DOX. Activation of ACPP-DOX was found to occur by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9 in enzyme concentration–dependent manner. The result of the flow cytometry and laser confocal microscope studies demonstrated that a higher cellular uptake of ACPP-DOX was observed by HT-1080 cells (overexpressed MMPs) than MCF-7 cells (under-expressed MMPs) after enzymatic-triggered activation .
The aforementioned two type of ACPP invoves the activation of CPP in vivo in tumor tissue. Another approach, that is the external illumination of tumor by near-infrared or ultraviolet light to stimulate dissociation of photosensitive groups (PG) from CPP-NP, thus controlling the release of drugs at the tumor site . Shamay et al. developed photon-sensitive CPP using polymers bearing a light activated caged CPP for selective cellular uptake upon UV light illumination (365 nm), which may offers a promising approach to delivery of payload to the target cells. But, the use of UV light has been limited due to its harmful effect to tissue and low penetrability .
Near-IR (NIR) light able to penetrates tissues deeply and is less harmful to cells in contrast to UV light. With this line, Yang et al designed a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) conjugated with photon-sensitive cell penetrating peptides (psCPP) (CGRRMKWKK) and Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) in attempt to improve targeted delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) to tumor cells. The psCPP unit facilitate specific cellular uptake after the cleavage the photon-sensitive protective group, whereas, NGR moiety selectively binds to CD13-positive tumors. The results of the study demonstrated that the tumor growth inhibition rate, and cellular up of psCPP/NGR-NLC group was significantly higher than the rest of PTX groups.
In this approach, the biopolymer elastin-like polypeptide (ELP), which is a heat sensitive carrier that able to undergo a phase transition upon reaching the externally applied heat to the tumor environment can be used. This carrier is specific to the tumor as it only aggregates at the heated tumor site between 39 °C and 42 °C [61, 78].
3 Tumor targeting peptides (TTP)
Tumor targeting peptides (TTP) are also known as tumor homing peptides which are small peptides shorter than CPPs by 3 to 10 residues which have a strong affinity and specificity to a tissue target or tumor cell . There is the up-regulation of specific receptors in most of tumors and their vasculature which are utilized by TTPs for which they show high binding ability . Among a number of different receptors that are known to be overexpressed on tumor cells, integrins are the most attractive target for drug delivery because integrins have crucial roles in the process of tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and survival .
Tumor vasculature varies from the normal blood vessel both structurally and morphologically. For example, the tumor blood vessels are leaky and porous, unlike normal vasculature [81, 82]. In addition to the altered morphology, tumor vasculature varies from that of normal by their molecular composition .
Arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) and asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) peptides are the two most extensively studied ligands for targeting the tumor vasculature and exhibiting that their receptors are overexpressed during angiogenesis . RGD peptide can selectively target tumor vasculature expressing αγβ3 and αγβ5 integrins, and a NGR peptide (CNGRC) binds to CD13 (animopeptidase N, APN) which are specifically expressed in the tumor vasculature . RGR is another peptide which was selected from phage display in pancreatic tumors that has been exhibited superior affinity to angiogenic vessels in insulinomas, and recognize various αβ integrins. RGR had been exploited as a carrier for the targeting deliver of therapeutic proteins (TNFa and IFN-g) to the targeted site in cancer therapy.
Another peptide that is targeting to angiogenic vasculature is the F3 peptide. The F3 (KDEPQRRSARLSAKPAPPKPEPKPKKAPAKK) is a peptide with 31-amino acid that able to target blood vessels and tumor tissue. F3 is known to target nucleolin, which selectively expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and tumor cells . After binding, F3 is internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis, then translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where it distributes itself throughout organelle .
Peptides such as CREKA, CLT1 (CGLIIQKNEC), and CLT2 (CNAGESSKNC) are also known to target tumor blood vessels and represented as a novel type of homing peptides. They have an affinity to bind with clotted plasma proteins which exist on the walls of tumor vessels as well as in tumor stroma . Recently, a number of peptides homing to tumor vasculature have been identified.
Furthermore, Li et al., identified TCP-1 (CTPSPFSHC) a vasculature homing peptide by the in vivo phage library selection in an orthotopic colorectal cancer model. The TCP-1 peptide was found to selectively recognize the vasculature of orthotopic colorectal cancer in normal BABL/c mice induced by syngeneic colon cancer cells (colon 26).
LyP-1 (CGNKRTRGC) and LyP-2 (CNRRTKAGC)) are the peptides that home to tumor lymphatics and have also been demonstrated in several reports. Laakkonen et al., identified LyP-1 (CGNKRTRGC) by screening breast carcinoma xenografts (MDA-MB-435) . p32 is a mitochondrial protein which is known to be the receptorfor LyP-1. LyP-1, selectively binds to p32, which shows unusual expression on the surface tumor lymphatics, tumor cells, and a subset of myeloid cells, which contributes to the specificity of LyP-1 homing to tumors. LyP-1 has found to distinguish lymphatics and tumor cells in MDA-MD-435 and, MMTV-PyMT breast carcinoma, and KRIB osteosarcoma xenografts, and their metastatic lesions, however unable recognize C8161 melanomas. Simultaneously, the LyP-2 peptide (CNRRTKAGC) homes to the lymphatics of C8161 melanomas and K14-HPV16 skin and cervical carcinomas but not to the MDA-MB-435 tumors, showing heterogeneity in the molecular markers of tumor cells and lymphatic. Another peptide, RMS-II (CMGNKRSAKRPC), which has some sequence similarity with LyP-1 was also identified in an in vitro screen for peptides binding to RMS cell lines. Better targeting ability to the RMS xenografts was observed by RMS-II than LyP-1in vivo. Furthermore, RMS-II recognized tumor blood vessels, but not tumor lymphatic vessels which show the different specificities of these two peptides.
Some of the homing peptides have known to possess cell-penetrating properties. For example, F3 and LyP-1 peptides are cell type-specific CPPs. These peptides have the ability to enter into tumor cells and blood (F3) or lymphatic endothelial cells(LyP-1) in the tumors they home . CRGRRST (RGR) and CGKRK are another homing peptides that are conveyed into a nucleus of the targeted cell after the cellular uptake. These peptides consist a number of basic amino acids, which are considered to be accountable for interacellular and intranuclear transportation.
A number of endothelial cell-targeting peptides are found to act as tumor penetrating peptides to enable the internalization of a conjugated drug to the cancer cell. These peptides share a specific C-terminal C-end Rule (CendR) sequence, (R/K)XX(R/K), which is responsible for tissue penetration and cell internalization. For example, internalizing RGD (iRGD; CRGDKGPDC, one of the most innovative tumor-targeting peptides which is a 9-amino acid cyclic peptide where the lysine residue can also be an arginine, and the aspartic acid a glutamic acid. bIn addition to targeting the αvβ3 integrin receptor, it is able to penetrate tumor. As compared to other RGD peptides, iRGD can distribute much more extensively into extravascular tumor tissue .
Tumor targeting peptides binds with receptors which are up-regulated on tumor cells specifically, but may not be capable to reach the target by themselves. On the other side, CPPs penetrate plasma membrane effectively, but lack target specificity. A target specific CPP that able to both penetrate the plasma membrane and selectively transport the drug to the desired target of the action is will be considered an ideal type of CPP .
Combining a TTP with a suitable CPP has known to facilitates the translocation of the conjugate moieties to target tumor sites with better selectivity and specificity. Studies have shown that TTPs conjugated with CPPs have dramatically increased the efficiency to translocate drug molecule specifically to cancer cells as compared to TTPs alone [94, 95]. The study conducted by Mae et al., using the cyclic peptide cCPGPEGAGC (PEGA), which is a homing peptide that has been known to target the breast tumor tissue in mice, and PEGA peptide is a CPP that can not pass the plasma membrane. The combined use of this two peptide by conjugation of PEGA to pVEC has exhibited to specifically target breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the conjugated PEGA-pVEC chimeric peptide has found to increase the efficacy of chlorambucil by more than 4 times.
The further study by the same group, used the combination of CREKA with the pVEC, as a chimeric peptide for delivery of a chlorambucil intracellularly. The result of the study revealed that the chlorambucil- CREKA-pVEC conjugate produced a significantly better anticancer activity in vitro than the anticancer drug alone. The study also showed that CREKA-pVEC is better in translocating cargo molecules
inside cancer cells as compared to the PEGA–pVEC peptid [96, 97].
More recently, Fan et al., evaluated the synergistic effect of SP90 (SMDPFLFQLLQL) with C peptide (GPGLWERQAREHSERKKRRRESECKAA) in the breast cancer homing ability. SP90 is able to bind specifically into breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231cell), while C peptide alone had no cell-selectivity. The combined use of SP90 with C-peptide (SP90-C) has shown a 12-fold or 10-fold increase in efficiency of the intracellular delivery as compared to SP90 or C peptide alone, respectively. Furthermore, SP90 and SP90-C conjugation have been used for delivery of HIV-1 VPR, which is a potential novel anticancer protein drug to breast cancer cell. SP90-VPR-C has demonstrated an improved apoptosis-inducing and antiproliferative activity of HIV-1 VPR, without affecting normal breast cell. .
Nowadays, a sequence of peptides that possessed both cell penetrating property and specific cell selectivity have been developed using mRNA display technology. For instance, RLW (RLWMRWYSPRTRAYG) is known to exhibit both properties and could target A549 cells specifically. Gao et al., conjugated RLW with nanoparticles to form RNPs for targeting delivery into lung cancer. Cells(A549), and a conventional CPP(R8, RRRRRRRR), was used as a control. The result in vitro cellular uptake study has shown that NPs functionalized with RLW specifically improved the uptake by A549 cells as compared to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. However, the conjugation with R8 increased the uptake by both cells, which indicates a better targeting specificity of RNP. The RNP loaded with docetaxel, has demonstrated RLW could specifically target to A549 cells and enhanced the cytotoxicity of the drug in vitro .
Most recently, anticancer drug-CPP/TTP conjugates have been one of the promising strategies to overcome tumor multidrug resistance (MDR). Sheng et al., designed a dual-targeting hybrid peptide HAIYPRHGGCGMPKKKPTPIQLNP (T10-ERK) which is composed of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK
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Alexander tried to persuade his soldiers to march farther, but his general Coenus pleaded with him to change his opinion and return. The men, he said, "longed to again see their parents, their wives and children, their homeland". Alexander eventually agreed and turned south, marching alongside the Indus and back into Babylon.
Back in Babylon, Alexander planned a series of new campaigns, beginning with an invasion of Arabia, but he would not have a chance to realize them. On either 10 or 11 June 323 BC, Alexander died in his palace in Babylon II, at age 32. Shortly before beginning the planned Arabian campaign, he contracted a high fever after he drank from a cup of wine. He “shrieked aloud as if smitten by a violent blow”. The fever took hold and became stronger with each following day to the point that he was unable to move and speak. The Macedonians were allowed to file past their leader for the last time before he finally succumbed to the illness on June 7, 323 BC in the Macedonian month of Daesius. Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king and the great conqueror of Persian Empire, died at the age of 33 without designating a successor to the Macedonian Empire.
Alexander's death opened the anarchic age of the Diadochi Wards and a bloody Macedonian civil war for power followed. As soon as the news of Alexander's death was known, the Greeks rebelled and the Macedonians were defeated and expelled from Greece. In Asia, the Macedonian commanders who served Alexander fought each other for power. The Macedonian Empire split into four main kingdoms - Seleucus (Asia), Ptolemy (Egypt), Lysimachus (Thrace), and Antipater's son Cassander (Macedonia, including Greece). The rise of Rome put an end to Macedonian kingdoms. Macedonia and Greece were conquered in 167/145 BC.
Alexander's body was laid in a gold anthropoid sarcophagus that was filled with honey, which was in turn placed in a gold casket. While Alexander's funeral cortege was on its way to Macedon, Ptolemy seized it and took it temporarily to Memphis. His successor, Ptolemy II, attempted to transfer the sarcophagus to Alexandria however, legend has it that the convoy was ambushed during a sandstorm and Alexander’s body remains lost to this day.
Alexander's legacy extends beyond his military conquests. His campaigns greatly increased contacts and trade between the East and West. Some of the cities he founded became major cultural centers, many surviving into the 21st century.
Macedonians from every generation from antiquity to the republic have always felt an affinity to this great general, and while many countries may claim him to be theirs, Alexander was and always be a Macedonian.Gece minibüsün dışından gelen sesler beni uyandırdı. Hareketsiz yatıyordum, aklım hızla çalışıyordu. Vahşi bir kumsalın yanındaki tek bir parkurun sonuna park ettiğimde etrafta kimse yoktu. Bir kadın olarak tek başına kamp yapmanın beraberinde zorluklar getireceğini biliyordum ve uzak noktalarda uyumak bu zorluklar listesinin başında yer alıyordu.
Sonunda bir motor çalıştı, yola çıktılar ve sessizlik oldu. Ertesi sabahın ödülü, County Donegal’deki ıssız bir kumsalda değişen renklerin gün doğumuydu; keşfedeceğim yeni bir gün daha.
Maceralar söz konusu olduğunda, bu gezi (10 gün boyunca tek başıma İrlanda adası çevresinde seyahat etmek, mümkün olduğu kadar çok dağa tırmanmak) en az uzak olduğum gezilerden biriydi. Trans Sibirya Demiryolu’nda seyahat ettim, İspanya’da 500 mil yürüyüş yaptım, Çin Seddi’nde ve İnka Yolu’nda yürüdüm. Ama çok uzak yerlere seyahat etmeden, çok fazla macerayı kısa bir süreye sığdırabileceğinizi öğrendim.
Sadece iki hafta önce yaşadığım acı verici bir ayrılığın ardından bu geziyi evde kalıp gönül yarasına bakmamanın en iyisi olduğuna karar vermiştim.
Sonrasında minibüsü almak Belfast’ta bir planın taslağıyla yola çıktım; dağlarla ilgili sesini beğendiğim birkaç fikir ama daha fazlası değil. Sonunda 800 milden fazlasını tamamladım, toplam 5.900 metrelik yükselişle 12 dağa tırmandım; bu, Everest ana kampından daha yüksek.
İlk durağım Glenveagh ulusal parkı Donegal’de 751 metre yüksekliğindeki Errigal’e tırmandım. Bu çok gidilen bir yol ama daha önce İrlanda’da kendi başıma yürüyüş yapmamıştım. Görüşler muhteşemdi ve macera duygusu somuttu. İrlanda’daki dağ yollarının ya çok iyi bilindiğini ya da alışılmışın dışında olduğunu keşfettim. Drumnalifferny (595m) özel bir zorluktu; uzak, yalnızca kızıl geyik sürülerinin eşlik ettiği bir bölge. Gün ışığından ve GPS eksikliğinden endişe ederek bataklık arazilerde ve kayalık alanlarda yürüyüş yaptım. Ancak o az ayak basılan topraklarda adrenalin dolu bir günün ardından minibüse geri döndüğümde, başarı duygusu canlandırıcıydı.
Vahşi yüzmeler ve vahşi kamplarla kesintiye uğrayan günler akıp gidiyordu ( Park4Gece uygulama park yerleri konusunda yardımcı oldu; istenmediğim yere park etmeme konusunda oldukça bilinçliydim). Geceleri yalnız uyurken kendime daha çok güveniyordum, minibüs bir koza gibiydi, dalgaların sesi çoğu zaman beni uyumaya zorluyordu. Bir bisiklet kiraladım, park koşusuna katıldım Bir ürperti Adadaydım ve Westport’taki bir barda bir folklor grubunun konserinden keyif aldım – bir bira içme arzum orada tek başıma rahat hissetmeyeceğime dair korkumu bastırdı.
Grup üyelerinin sürekli değişen bir kadrosu vardı, yerel halkın sohbeti ve kahkahaları beni hoş karşıladı ve yalnız geçen gecelerin ardından neşeli, eğlenceli ve çok hoş bir akşamdı.
seyahat etmeyi sevdim Vahşi Atlantik Yolu, tepesinde bir şapel bulunan ve Clew Körfezi’ndeki 100 kadar adanın manzarasını sunan bir hac alanı olan County Mayo’da 764 metre yüksekliğindeki Croagh Patrick’e (Reek olarak bilinir) tırmanıyor. Dışarıya bakıp gittiğim yolu görmek tatmin ediciydi.
İçinde Morne Dağları, County Down’da hava kapandı: 850 metre yüksekliğindeki Slieve Donard’ı kuvvetli rüzgarlarda ve zorlu havalarda aştım. Alçak bulutlarda araziyi bulmakta zorlandım ama sınırlarımı zorluyordum ve bu iyi hissettiriyordu.
Eski sevgilimle çok farklı bir gezi planlamıştım ve neden gitmemem gerektiğine dair uzun bir neden listesi vardı. Kaybolmaktan, kendi başıma çok fazla vakit geçirmekten, uzak bir yerde bacağımı kırmaktan korkuyordum… Ama macera risksiz gelmiyor ve biraz korku olmadan risk almak da olmuyor. Korkuyu hissetmeniz ve yine de yapmanız gerektiği doğrudur.
Jane Dunford’un röportajıمعاون عمران و توسعه امور شهری و روستایی وزیر کشور گفت: سه هزار و ۶۰۰ دستگاه اتوبوس در ناوگان حمل و نقل عمومی از طریق تهاتر نفت تامین خواهد شد.
به گزارش اقتصاد آنلاین به نقل از ایرنا، مهدی جمالی نژاد اظهار کرد: از این تعداد اتوبوس که قرار است از طریق تهاتر نفت تأمین شود، یک هزار و ۲۰۰ دستگاه آن با توجه به اینکه تهران از لحاظ تعداد جمعیت و آلودگی هوا در اولویت اول ما قرار دارد، به پایتخت تخصیص خواهد یافت.
وی با اشاره به تشکیل قرارگاهی در وزارت کشور برای حمایت و رصد مسائل مربوط به حمل و نقل عمومی، افزود: این قرارگاه به سه موضوع بحث نوسازی ناوگان تاکسیرانی و اتوبوسرانی، خرید واگن و تجهیزات و ملزومات مربوط به مباحث پسماند میپردازد.
معاون عمران و توسعه امور شهری و روستایی وزیر کشور خاطرنشان کرد: مباحث مربوط به پسماند بسیار مهم است، بخصوص برای شهرهای ساحلی کشور به دلیل اینکه زمین در آنها محدود است در نتیجه مدیریت پسماند در آنها باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
وی تصریح کرد: به دلیل اینکه اخیراً این قرارگاه تشکیل شده و جلساتی هم با دستگاههای ذیربط در این مورد برگزار شده، باید نوسازی ناوگان حمل و نقل عمومی تسریع شود و در این مورد عزم جدی در دولت برای نوسازی ناوگان وجود دارد، اما در شرایط موجود یک همدلی و هم افزایی بین وزارت کشور و شهرداریها ایجاد شده و دولت نیز کمک کرده که تدابیری را اتخاذ و با همین شرایط موجود نیز ناوگان را نوسازی کنیم.
جمالی نژاد با بیان اینکه اگر منابعی نداریم که نوسازی ناوگان را انجام دهیم، در نتیجه بحث تهاتر نفت را مطرح کردیم و به دنبال تحقق این موضوع هستیم تا بتوانیم ناوگان را نوسازی کنیم، تاکید کرد: اما آنچه که مهم است این است که در کنار خرید اتوبوس باید موضوع نوسازی ناوگان اتوبوسرانی را نیز در نظر داشته باشیم، زیرا در حال حاضر ناوگان اتوبوسرانی کشور یک ناوگان پیر و فرسوده است و سن حدود ۷۰ درصد ناوگان اتوبوسرانی به فرسودگی رسیده و اگر بخواهیم نوسازی در کوتاه مدت و میان مدت محقق شود باید برنامه ریزی های دقیقی در قرارگاه داشته باشیم.
وی گفت: از قرارداد خرید دو هزار دستگاه واگن حدود سه سال گذشته و تحریمها محدودیتهایی را در این زمینه برای ما ایجاد کرد، اما باید پیگیریهای لازم در این خصوص انجام و مشکلات آن حل شود.
معاون وزیر کشور گفت: همچنین هشت هزار میلیارد تومان در کلانشهرها برای نوسازی ناوگان حمل نقل عمومی، توسعه ریلی از طریق اوراق مشارکت در نظر گرفته شده و اگر لازم باشد از راههای دیگر باید بتوانیم مشکلات در حوزه حمل و نقل عمومی را رفع کنیم.Hans Christian Andersen
Now there came a comet with its shiny nucleus and its menacing tail. People from the great castles and people from the poor huts gazed at it. So did the crowd in the street, and so did the man who went his solitary way across the pathless heath. Everyone had his own thoughts. "Come and look at the omen from heaven. Come out and see this marvelous sight," they cried, and everyone hastened to look.
But a little boy and his mother still stayed inside their room. The tallow candle was burning and the mother thought she saw a bit of wood-shaving in the light. The tallow formed a jagged edge around the candle, and then it curled. The mother believed these were signs that her son would soon die. The wood-shaving was circling toward him. This was an old superstition, but she believed it. The little boy lived many more years on earth. Indeed he lived to see the comet return sixty years later.
The boy did not see the wood-shaving in the candle-light, and his thoughts were not about the comet which then, for the first time in his life, shone brightly in the sky. He sat quietly with an earthenware bowl before him. The bowl was filled with soapy water, into which he dipped the head of a clay pipe. Then he put the pipe stem in his mouth, and blew soap bubbles, large and small. They quivered and spun in beautiful colors. They changed from yellow to red, and from red to purple or blue and then they turned bright green, like leaves when the sun shines through them.
The boy's mother said, "May God grant you many more years on earth - as many years as the bubbles you are blowing."
"So many, so many!" he cried. "I can never blow all the soapy water into bubbles. There goes one year, there goes another one; see how they fly!" he exclaimed, as bubbles came loose from his pipe and floated away. A few of them blew into his eye, where they burned, and smarted, and made his tears flow. In every bubble he saw a picture of the future, glimmering and glistening.
"This is the time to look at the comet," cried their neighbors. "Come outdoors. Don't sit in your room."
The mother took her boy by the hand. He had to put aside his clay pipe, and stop playing with the soap bubbles, because there was a comet to see.
The boy saw the bright ball of fire, with its shining tail. Some said it was three yards long, while others insisted it was several million yards long - such a difference.
Most of the people who said these things were dead and buried when the comet came again. But the little boy, toward whom the wood-shaving had circled, and of whom his mother thought, "He will soon die," still lived on, though he had grown old and his hair was white. "White hairs are the flowers of age," the saying goes, and he had many such flowers. He was an old schoolmaster. The school children thought him very wise and learned, because he knew history, and geography, and all there is to be known about the heavens and the stars.
"Everything comes again," he said. "If you will pay attention to people and events, you will learn that they always come back. There may be a hundred years between, or many hundreds of years, but once again we shall see the same character, in another coat and in another country." And the schoolmaster then told them about William Tell, who was forced to shoot an apple from his son's head, but before he shot the arrow he hid another one in his shirt, to shoot into the heart of the wicked Gessler. This happened in Switzerland. But many years before, the same thing happened in Denmark to Palnatoke. He too was forced to shoot an apple from his son's head, and he too hid an arrow in his shirt to avenge the cruelty. And more than a thousand years before that, the same story was written in Egypt. It happened before and will happen again, just as sure as the comet returns. "Off it flies into space, and is gone for years, but still it comes back." He spoke of the comet that was expected, the same comet he had seen as a boy.
The schoolmaster knew what went on in the skies, and he thought much about it too, but he did not neglect history and geography. His garden was laid out in the shape of a map of Denmark. In it grew herbs and flowers which flourished in different parts of the land.
"Fetch me peas," he said, and they went to the garden bed that represented Laaland. "Fetch me buckwheat," he said, and they fetched it from Langeland. Lovely blue gentian was planted in Skagen, and the shining Christthorn in Silkeborg. Towns and cities were marked with small statues. Here was the dragon and St. Knud, who stood for Odense. Absalon with the bishop's staff stood for Sor�. The little boat with oars marked the site of Aarhus. In the schoolmaster's garden you could learn the geography of Denmark, but first you had to be instructed by him and that was a pleasure.
Now that the comet was expected again, he told about it, and he told what people had said in the old days when it last was seen. They had said that a comet year was a good year for wine, and that water could be mixed with this wine without being detected. Therefore the wine merchants thought well of a comet year.
For fourteen days and fourteen nights the sky was clouded over. They could not see the comet, and yet it was there. The old schoolmaster sat in his little chamber next to the schoolroom. The old Bornholm clock of his grandfather's time stood in the corner, though its heavy lead weights moved neither up nor down, nor did its pendulum ever swing. The little cuckoo, that used to come out to call the passing hours, had long ago stopped doing his duty. The clock neither struck nor ticked. The clock was decidedly out of order.
But the old clavichord at which he sat had been made in his parents' time, and it still had a tune or two left in it. The strings could still play. Tremulous though they were, they could play for him the melodies of a whole lifetime. As the old man heard them, he remembered many things, both pleasant and sad, that had happened in the long years which had gone by since he was a little boy and saw the comet. Now that the comet had come again, he remembered what his mother had said about the wood-shaving circling toward him. He remembered the fine soap bubbles he had blown, one for every year of his life he had said as he looked at them glistening and gleaming in wonderful colors. He saw in them all his pleasures and sorrow - everything, both the good and the bad. He saw the child at his play, and the youth with his fancies. His whole life, iridescent and bright, floated before his eyes. And in that splendor he saw his future too, in bubbles of time to come.
First the old man heard from the strings of the clavichord the melodies of times past, and saw the bubbles of years gone by, colored with memories. He heard his grandmother's knitting song:
"Surely no Amazon The first stockings knit."
And then the strings played the songs his old nurse used to sing for him:
"There were so many dangers In this world to pass through For people who were young And only little knew."
Now the melodies of his first ball were playing, for the minuet and molinasky - soft melancholy tunes that brought tears to the old man's eyes. A roaring war-march, then a psalm, then happy tunes. The years whirled past as if they were those bubbles he blew when he was a little boy.
His eyes were turned towards the window. A cloud billowed across the sky, and as it passed he saw the comet with its shining nucleus and its shining, misty veil. It seemed to him as though it were only yesterday evening when he had last seen that comet, yet a whole busy lifetime lay between that evening and this. Then he was a child, looking through bubbles into the future; now those bright bubbles were all behind him. Once more he had a child's outlook and a child's faith. His eyes sparkled, and his hands struck the keys. There was the sound of a breaking string.
"Come out and see
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from almost the whole surface of the trunk except the area just below the crown.
- The roots grow in all directions and become entangled with each other to form a very tough fibrous black cover for the trunk, a perfect base for other smaller epiphytic ferns and orchids to grow from.
- Another characteristic feature is the covering of scales on young fronds, when they are coiled up at the top of the trunk.
- Tree ferns have no flowers, and therefore no fruits or seeds. They reproduce via its microscopic spores, which are dispersed by wind. The spores appear on the lower surface of the leaves.
- The tallest specie, C. contaminans, is easily recognised by their glaucous, purplish and thorny stripe bases of the fronds.
- Another species, the Golden Chicken Fern (Cibotium barometz) has a unique feature -- its thick covering of golden hairs. It was once traditionally used to stem bleeding wounds, they are now being collected and sold to tourists as a so-called charm to ward off evil.
- Indiscriminate collection by collectors and dealers in unique-looking plants.
- Loss of habitat caused by development pressure and forest logging activities.
- Placing of all cyathea species on Appendix 1 of the CITIES list to curtail international trade in wild collected species.
- legislate to protect species from local collectors.
- propogate the species by raising them in nurseries. This will take the presure off the wild collection.
Scientific Name: Elephas maximusDistribution and population
- In Borneo, it is largely concentrated in northern Kalimantan and northeast Sabah (particularly the floodplains and tributaries of the Kinabatangan River). About 1,000 to 2,000 individuals are believed to be still roaming these forests.
- In Peninsular Malaysia, they are widely distributed, from Kedah in the north to Johor in the south, and from Selangor in the west to Trengganu in the east. It is estimated that there are about 1,000 elephants left in the Peninsular Malaysia.
- The Asian elephant is the largest forest herbivore in the world. An adult elephant can eat up to 150kg of vegetation in a day.
- It feeds mostly on monocotyledon species of palms, grasses and wild bananas. They also like to frequent salt licks to assuage their mineral requirements.
- Usually travels in small female-dominated groups of about 8, but large groups can sometimes be seen gathering in open feeding grounds, especially along river banks.
- Despite their size and strength, the Asian elephant is actually quite docile and would rather shy away from humans and rarely endanger humans. However some individuals -- especially the bulls -- can be quite dangerous in specific circumstances. It can kill with its tusks, forehead and trunk, and by biting.
- The female adult gives birth to one calf at a time, after a gestation period of 21 to 22 months, and has a long reproductive span. Some cows have been known to have calves even past 60 years.
- Elephants are generally quiet animals but their trumpeting can be heard many kilometers away. They teach their young by example, using a wide variety of vocalisations to communicate mood, intent and desire.
- The primary threat to their continual survival is the rapid loss of habitat, particularly when forests are cleared for agricultural and other development purposes.
- Elephants are sometimes captured and translocated, removing them from their original habitat, to other areas where they may have to compete with resident elephants for resources.
Conservation initiatives will have to:
- Assess the management of land use of areas surrounding remaining habitat forests so that problem areas (such as where it can disturb the elephants' traditional pathways) can be identified and resolved.
- Look into possibilities of providing corridors of secondary forest linking feeding grounds within the Kinabatangan region.
- Employ measures to reduce elephant depredation on agricultural settlements such as relocating them, and the use of ditches, trenches and electric fences.
- Support the gazetting of more wildlife reserves and wildlife sanctuaries such as the proposed Kinabatangan Wildlife Reserve and Endau-Rompin National Park.
Scientific Name: Nasalis larvatus
Malay Name: Monyet Belanda or BangkatanDistribution, habitat and behaviour
- Endemic to Borneo. Can be found along the coastal areas, mangrove swamps and riverine forests of Borneo.
- In 1977, there were about 6,400 of them in Sarawak, but now there are only about 1,000, with perhaps another 2,000 in Sabah and 4,000 in Kalimantan. Some populations along the west coast of Sabah have disappeared entirely.
- The only known reserves to have a sustained and secure proboscis population are Tanjung Puting and possibly Mount Palung National Park in Kalimantan.
- A very bizarre-looking primate, the tree-dwelling proboscis monkey gets its name from its huge pendulous nose. The nose overhangs the mouth and the monkey has to push it aside in order to eat. The female has a shorter and more snubby version.
- They have pot bellies and are very noisy primates with their strange honking sounds.
- Only primate species adapted for swimming with some webbing between its fingers. They are proficient swimmers, moving quietly (so as not to attract its natural predator, the crocodile) using a form of dog paddle, and like to dive off a tree branch high above the water, sometimes with babies clinging to their mothers' fur.
- The male averages 24kg in weight, twice as much as the female. Hence it tends to move more carefully than the females or younger males do.
- Adults have an orangey red coat, greyish on their bottom half, and a long thick white tail. Newborns have deep blue faces with upturned noses, but assume adult colouring when they are about nine months old.
- Lives on a special diet of leaves, flowers and seeds of vegetation found only in riverine, peat swamps and mangrove forests.
- Because it feeds and lives in mangrove and riverine forests, the draining of wetlands and development along riverbanks for agricultural purposes and human settlement are its biggest threat through habitat loss.
- Peat fires.
- Sedimentation of lower river banks that change coastal soil ecology and vegetation.
- Now listed as an endangered species, their long-term survival is dependent on protection given by gazetted parks and wildlife sanctuaries such as the proposed Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, an important wetland in Sabah.
- Enforce protection, institute strict regulations on land use of wetlands and pollution management to minimise environmental damage to the specie's natural habitats.
Scientific Name: Macaca arctoides
Malay Name: Berok kentoi
- Found from southern China across to eastern India and down into the north of Peninsular Malaysia. Now rare in Assam and uncommon all over its range.
- Lives in dense forests and near cultivated land and villages. Fairly terrestrial but spends a great deal of time - including sleeping - in trees for the sake of food and safety.
- Tend to live in groups of up to 50 individuals of both sexes and varying ages, with a single group leader.
- The fur is dark chestnut and shaggy; the face pink or reddish and blotched; the buttocks and genitalia reddish. The forehead is bald. Crown hairs, which radiate from the centre of the crown, are short in front, longer at the back and sides. The tail is stubby. The newborn are creamy white, and reaches sexual maturity at the age of three.
- Head and body length ranges from 55 to 70 cm for males, and from 50 to 70 cm for females. Weight of adults are between 6 to 18 kg.
- Feeds on fruits, berries, leaves, insects and small birds. Feeds immediately upon waking up, especially if there are nearby Ficus trees. It then spends the day in the same area, wandering hardly more than 500m during the entire day. May travel up to 3km a day if feeding trees are scattered.
- Females have on average one infant every two years.
- Communication among stump-tailed macaques involves auditory, visual, tactile and olfactory signals. When alarmed, it gives out a short, harsh bark. Generally they squeal and chatter when feeding.
- Formerly exported in large numbers for biomedical research, especially from peninsular Thailand where there used to be a big population. Its export was banned in 1976, but some illegal trafficking still occurs, so threat from trapping still exists.
- Also affected by habitat loss particularly conversion of forests to agriculture land.
- When their natural habitats are destroyed, these primates often raid villages and agricultural crops in search of food.
- The ban on export of this species for biomedical research has been an important step in the conservation of the species but illegal trade needs to be stopped through stringent enforcement.
- The establishment of protected areas that can sustain viable populations, such as Thaleban National Park, and the proposed Perlis State Park, will be crucial for the survival of this primate in the long term.
Scientific Name: Ciconia stormi
Malay Name: Burung Botak HutanDistribution
- Low-lying forests, forested or freshwater streams and rivers, and peat swamp forests.
- West Malaysia (south of Panti Forest Reserve in Johor, Taman Negara, Endau Rompin), eastern Sumatra, Borneo.
- About 90cm (34in) in height.
- Orange-red bill with small knob at the base (when breeding only) and yellow skin around the eyes. White on head confined to throat, nape and hind neck. Legs are orange in colour. When in flight, dark underwing and breast can be seen, while its neck is held straight out. Tail is black, with white beneath the tail.
- Chicks are white and downy with a black bill and a black, bald crown. Chicks are incubated and tended to by both parents.
- Gives out a throaty karau and also claps bill. Chicks give out loud, harsh and repeated krack calls.
- Hunts alone or in small loose groups, commonly under the forest canopy, feeding in margins of swampy forest, and appears at salt licks.
- Feeds by probing their long bills into shallow water for fish, frogs, molluscs and crustaceans.
- Frequently soars on rising thermals and roosts high up in forest trees. Core habitat is the floodplains of large rivers, including the riverine swamp forest along lower Perak, now being cleared for agriculture.
- Loss of natural habitat
- Diminishing food sources
- Protection of habitat in parks such as Taman Negara, Kerau Wildlife Reserve and Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary.
- There is also a case to develop policies to protect flood-plain forests.
- There is a good case for captive breeding of this rare, endangered specie.
Scientific Name: Pongo pygmaeus
Malay Name: Orang-utanDistribution
- Freshwater swamp and lowland forests of Borneo and Sumatra.
- The subspecies of orang-utan Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus is endemic to Borneo
- Orang-utans are the world’s largest tree-dwellers
- The adult male is usually shorter than an average man, but is much stronger and heavier, weighing as much as 110 kg (240 pounds).
- Orang-utans live solitary almost nomadic lives, spending most of their time in the forest canopy
- They feed mostly on fruits, but also leaves, bark, shoots, stems and epiphytic flowers.
- Each day they will build themselves a nest of twigs, leaves and branches up to 1 m wide, where they will sleep in the afternoons or retire for the day.
- Reproduction is very slow, with an eight-year gap between births.
- Orang-utans are slow-moving animals and have been targeted by hunters and for the pet trade.
- As natural forests are converted to other land uses, competition for food and space occurs. Conflicts between orang-utans and humans occur in agricultural areas, particularly oil palm plantations.
- Loss of natural habitat
- Diminishing food sources
- Unsustainable logging
- Land conversion to agriculture
- Forest fires and poaching.
25th May 2006... Sipadan Reef Damages Assessed
Kota Kinabalu, 25th May 2006... Recent reports of total devastation to Sipadan’s coral reefs are grossly over-exaggerated. Last week it was reported that a barge carrying construction materials damaged corals at Sipadan. A survey to assess the damage revealed that the area impacted was 372 sq. metres (3,984 sq. feet) according to data made available today by the Director of Sabah Parks to WWF-Malaysia’s Vice-President Emeritus Tengku Dato’ Seri Zainal Adlin, who is also the Chairman of the Sabah Tourism Board.
“The incident was most unfortunate and should not have happened. Even though the damage is minimal, appropriate actions should be taken by the relevant authorities against the contractor for the unauthorised usage and encroachment of the barge into Sipadan,” said Tengku Adlin. He fully supports the Sabah Cabinet decision that all construction works on the island be suspended, the scope and the specifications of the basic facillities project be reviewed, and that development must be in harmony with nature.
A WWF-Malaysia report on Sipadan published in 1993 shows the total reef area to be 208 hectares. Thus, the area damaged by the barge is far less than 1% of Sipadan’s total reef area. (Attached photograph of Sipadan Island indicates the damaged coral patch). As mentioned in a previous statement by WWF-Malaysia, Sipadan is a relatively healthy reef. When faced with few stresses, damaged, relatively healthy reefs can naturally recover rapidly.
A management plan for Sipadan must be in place as soon as possible. The management plan needs to be based on sound science in order to manage all human activities on the island and its reefs. Additionally, an annual ‘state of the reef’ report showing the results of coral monitoring and numbers of visitors for the year would assist in the assessment of the reefs. This will highlight management efforts and provide interested stakeholders with information on an area that they care for deeply.
It must also be recognized that there is a difference between managing the security aspects of Sipadan and managing biodiversity of the island. Responsibilities of the island’s security management and of the biodiversity management must be clearly delineated. For the latter, Sabah Parks needs a full mandate and a proper management plan for biodiversity. Sabah Parks should be given full assistance by government, the private sector and local community stakeholders to manage Sipadan and other marine parks. WWF-Malaysia hopes that the management plan will be developed through participation and input from dive operators, divers and local communities as well as non-governmental organisations. A transparent, participatory process will build more capacity amongst all stakeholders to help Sabah Parks manage Sipadan.
“Sipadan is a national treasure that is also highly valued by people all over the world. The minimal impact of the barge accident will probably not affect the exquisite diving on Sipadan,” said WWF-Malaysia’s National Programme Director Dr. Dionysius Sharma.
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广东茂名一名有精神病记录的男子住院期间双眼被挖，院方指男子病发自残，家属无法接受医院说法，认为院方要负上责任。
双眼包著纱布，67岁的黄伯上月因为行为失常，被送到茂名市第三人民医院治理。不过，在上星期四，家人接到院方电话，指黄伯双眼被挖走，及已经把他转送高州市人民医院。经抢救后黄伯无生命危险，但清醒后仍然说不出谁人挖走他双眼。
茂名医院表示，黄伯患上精神障碍，已安排他入住受监视的病房。而同房八名病人都有约束活动的措施，所以院方排除同房病人所为，认为是黄伯自残。不过，病人家属不接受院方的说法，认为院方要负责。
茂名医院认为，值班医护人员评估和监管不足，已经把精神科主任和一名护士长撤职，并已向卫生和公安等部门呈报事件。Ieri si è concluso il Gruppo Verde delle Nitto ATP Finals 2023 che si stanno tenendo a Torino. I tennisti ad aver superato il girone sono l’altoatesino Jannik Sinner che ha vinto tutti i match del girone e il 24 volte campione Slam Novak Djokovic che ha perso solo contro l’originario di San Candido.
Gli avversari del tennista italiano e del campione di Belgrado saranno rispettivamente Daniil Medvedev e Carlos Alcaraz. Lo spagnolo ha trovato la migliore prestazione del suo torneo e ha sconfitto nettamente in due set il russo aggiudicandosi così il Gruppo Rosso.
Un risultato che ha relegato il nativo di Mosca al secondo posto: sarà lui il rivale che Sinner dovrà superare per conquistare la finale a Torino. Djokovic nel superamento del girone è stato ‘aiutato’ da Jannik Sinner che già qualificato alle semifinali ha battuto il danese Holger Rune in un match combattuto e concluso al terzo set con il punteggio di 6-2 5-7 6-4; nella sessione odierna il campione serbo aveva battuto il polacco Hubert Hurkacz (sostituto del greco Stefanos Tsitsipas ritirato durante il match contro il nextgen di Gentofte,ndr,) con il punteggio di 7-6 (1) 4-6 6-1 e per superare il turno doveva attendere la vittoria del tennista italiano in serata.
Djokovic continua a frantumare record
Con le semifinali che lo attendono, Novak ha raggiunto un altro traguardo storico, è il secondo tennista più anziano a raggiungere le semifinali del Torneo dei Maestri; all’età di 36 anni e 5 mesi.
Nella speciale classifica è situato al terzo posto e dietro solo alla leggenda svizzera Roger Federer; il tennista nativo di Basilea detiene il record con 38 anni e 3 mesi (semifinale raggiunta nell’edizione 2019 che si è tenuta nella O2 Arena di Londra) e il secondo posto con 37 anni e 3 mesi (risultato raggiunto nel 2018).
Djokovic inoltre vincendo il Torneo dei Maestri scavalcherebbe Federer per quanto riguarda i titoli conquistati nella competizione tra i migliori giocatori del mondo, attualmente la leggenda svizzera e il campione serbo sono appaiati a quota 6 trofei.You are here
What is Secondary Infertility?
Secondary infertility refers to couples who have had a successful pregnancy in the past, but then experience difficulty with conceiving. Part of this may be explained by age, especially if their last pregnancy was achieved in their late thirties or early forties. In young, healthy women, the average monthly pregnancy rate is approximately 20%. As women age, this rate starts to decline, especially after 35 because both the number of eggs, as well as the quality of eggs decline with age. Additionally, the miscarriage rate also increases with age which can usually be attributed to the quality of the eggs.
Besides age, other causes
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(or most) of their leaves during the winter. Denying them moisture is a fast way to stunt the growth and development of these plants. varieties, which are certainly the most reliable in zone 4, and once you are having success with them, move on to other things. site from here. Doing this can help bring some nutrients to and protect the root system while ensuring that the soil remains as moist and fertile as necessary. For example, some grow up to one foot long, while others can exceed three feet in height. They will grow as wide as they do tall resulting in them looking like a cross between a shrub and a tree. In addition, it should be mildly acidic, around 4 to 6 on the pH scale. Get involved. I wasn’t sure about the pH and mulch. When you get ready to plant your rhododendrons you need to make sure that the soil is moist enough and it needs to be kept that way. I am regular reader. These are chosen if someone wants to use rhododendrons as a hedge for privacy. It is our national flower. With a 10 year maturation rate, a good rule of thumb for determining how fast a particular plant will grow in a single year is to simply divide the maximum height by 10. The American Rhododendron Society identifies fast growing rhododendrons that reach a height of 7 feet after 10 years. In fact, shallower pots are better, especially for smaller plants. You thus want to make sure you find the right type of rhododendron for keeping with your growth expectations. For example, you’ll want to make sure that their soil is moist enough, which means regularly watering it, even if you do live in a humid, moist climate. If you do choose to mulch the soil in which your rhododendrons are growing, you’ll want to do so about once a year. You want to prune your rhododendron pretty sparingly, only doing so a little bit every year, excluding emergency pruning to avoid rot or other plant illnesses. On the one hand, it can be worthwhile mulching the area in which they are growing. People growing rhododendrons usually prepare the soil to give it a slightly acidic content, and then periodically treat the plant with an acidic fertilizer to maintain a proper pH balance. Not only will this not help your plant, but it will likely stifle its growth. Some rhododendron shrubs can indeed grow to the massive heights described in the book, while others are more low-growing in nature. Too much of a good thing can prove pretty bad for plant growth. Each flower has a red, star-shaped eye that is black at the edges and lighter in the centre. Read the plant tags and determine the optimum spacing for the rhododendrons you’ve purchased. As mentioned, this means planting them in soil that is moist and mildly acidic. They can grow as much as one foot per year. Better, especially for smaller plants all costs s leading gardening charity although there hardy! 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Around 4 to 6 on the variety the sunlight is what helps to them. Uk ’ s leading gardening charity American rhododendron Society identifies fast growing rhododendrons reach! Soil in which they are growing has helped me to solve my confusion if their roots wrapped in.! Your hands to loosen the root ball equally spaced around the base the. When planting them in soil that is black at the edges and lighter in the Unnamed Narrator ’ something! Soil in which they are flowering plants that boast tubular or bell-shaped flowers that are hardy in U.S. of! In locations that offer both exposure to the sun in warm climates, fall planting allows shrubs to settle before! Classifying these plants the Brittenhill Bugle, Mount Everest and rhododendron watsonii my plant knowledge varieties recommended for garden. Are planted in deep soil that is moist and humid some compost Yates. Poorly, or not grow at all costs rhododendron growth their leaves for winter everything need... And thoroughly soak it with water to simply lump on massive amounts of..
Dbz Space Eza, Chocolate Frosting With Cocoa Powder, How To Choose The Healthiest Olive Oil, Printable Weight Loss Chart Pdf, Postgresql Concurrent Upsert, Rogue Archetypes Pathfinder, 2015 Toyota Prius C Four, Spinach And Artichoke Recipes Healthy, Thomas Keller Chicken Brine,L’Uefa, dopo essersi riunita, ha scelto il paese che ospiterà l’Europeo nel 2024.
Le ultime due nazioni che si contendevano il posto erano Turchia e Germania e dopo l’incontro, il presidente Ceferin ha assegnato la vittoria alla Germania reduce qualche anno fa già dai Mondiali del 2006 quando l’Italia ne uscì vittoriosa.
La Germania dunque dovrà prepararsi in questi 6 anni ad ospitare le 24 nazionali che si contenderanno la competizione Europea.
Saranno ben 51 le partite da giocare e 9 gli stadi in cui si disputeranno i match: dall’Allianz Arena di Monaco all’Olympiastadion di Berlino passando per il Signal Iduna Park di Dortmund.
Dopo l’assegnazione, Joachim Loew, ct della Nazionale Tedesca, ha dichiarato che secondo lui quest’occasione sarà molto stimolante soprattutto per i giovani calciatori: “Io credo che un campionato del genere dia grande motivazione. Nel 2006 i giocatori che hanno partecipato al mondiale erano incredibilmente pronti a partecipare a un campionato del genere“.
Sarà dunque la seconda volta per i tedeschi ospitare l’Europeo visto che ne hanno già ospitato uno nel 1998 vinto dall’Olanda, e la 4a in totale: 2 Mondiali e 2 Europei.
La Turchia dal canto suo ha incassato il secondo no, infatti già fallì nella proposta ad Euro 2016 quando gli venne preferita la Francia; inoltre ci sono altre due occasioni perse dalla nazione: le Olimpiadi del 2020 e la fase finale dei prossimi Europei.
Intanto tra due anni, nel 2020, ci sarà la 16a edizione del torneo e in occasione del 65° anniversario della sua nascita, la fase finale non avrà luogo in un’unica nazione ma in 12 città europee.
Le semifinali e le finali saranno disputate al Wembley Stadium di Londra mentre la partita inaugurale si terrà allo Stadio Olimpico di Roma.
Sarà il primo europeo a sedi miste con nessuna squadra qualificata come ospitante.|Logan County, Arkansas|
Logan County Courthouse, Paris
Location in the state of Arkansas
Arkansas's location in the U.S.
|Founded||March 22, 1871|
|Named for||James Logan|
|Seat|| Paris (northern district);|
Booneville (southern district)
732 sq mi (1,896 km²)
708 sq mi (1,834 km²)
23 sq mi (60 km²), 3.2%
32/sq mi (12/km²)
|Time zone||Central: UTC-6/-5|
The Arkansas General Assembly defined the state's 64th county on March 22, 1871, and named it Sarber County for John N. Sarber, the Republican state senator from Yell County who had introduced the resolution. The senator was viewed as a carpetbagger, and after the Reconstruction Era state government was replaced the county was renamed for James Logan, an early settler in the area, on December 14, 1875.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 732 square miles (1,900 km2), of which 708 square miles (1,830 km2) is land and 23 square miles (60 km2) (3.2%) is water. The highest natural point in Arkansas, Magazine Mountain at 2,753 feet (839 m), is located in Logan County.
- Johnson County (north)
- Pope County (northeast)
- Yell County (southeast)
- Scott County (south)
- Sebastian County (west)
- Franklin County (northwest)
|U.S. Decennial Census|
As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 22,486 people, 8,693 households, and 6,302 families residing in the county. The population density was 32 people per square mile (12/km²). There were 9,942 housing units at an average density of 14 per square mile (5/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.46% White, 1.05% Black or African American, 0.65% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.39% from other races, and 1.28% from two or more races. 1.21% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 8,693 households out of which 32.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.70% were married couples living together, 10.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.50% were non-families. 24.40% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the county the population was spread out with 25.90% under the age of 18, 7.50% from 18 to 24, 26.70% from 25 to 44, 23.90% from 45 to 64, and 16.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 98.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.20 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $28,344, and the median income for a family was $33,732. Males had a median income of $24,472 versus $18,681 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,527. About 11.40% of families and 15.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.20% of those under age 18 and 19.60% of those age 65 or over.
Townships in Arkansas are the divisions of a county. Each township includes unincorporated areas and some may have incorporated towns or cities within part of their space. Townships have limited purposes in modern times. However, the US Census does list Arkansas population based on townships (often referred to as "minor civil divisions"). Townships are also of value for historical purposes in terms of genealogical research. Each town or city is within one or more townships in an Arkansas county based on census maps. The townships of Logan County are listed below with the town(s) and/or city that are fully or partially inside them listed in parentheses.
- Blue Mountain (Blue Mountain)
- Boone (Booneville)
- Cane Creek
- Clark (Subiaco)
- Petit Jean
- Reveilee (Magazine)
- River (Morrison Bluff, Scranton)
- Shoal Creek (CDP New Blaine)
- Short Mountain (Paris)
- Six Mile (Caulksville, Ratcliff)
- Sugar Creek
- Katharine Anthony, American biographer
- James Bridges, born in Paris, Arkansas, screenwriter and film director
- Dizzy Dean, born in Lucas, Arkansas, major league baseball player
- Paul Dean, born in Lucas, Arkansas, brother of Dizzy Dean and major league baseball player
- Jon Eubanks, Republican member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from Paris, Arkansas; a farmer and Certified Public Accountant
- Tom Greenway, actor
- Edwin "Big Ed" Wilkes, radio personality in Lubbock, Texas
- General John P. McConnell, Chief of Staff, USAF
- Beverly Jean Burris, Surrealist and Illustrator
- List of lakes in Logan County, Arkansas
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Logan County, Arkansas
- ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/05/05083.html. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- ^ Acts, Resolutions and Memorials of the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas (Session from November 1 to December 15, 1875 ed.). Little Rock, AK: P.A. Ladue. 1876. pp. 129–131. https://
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"... logical deduction is just a special case of reasoning with probabilities, in which all the probability values are zeros or ones." (page 53)
"Jaynes's essential point bears repeating: probability is about information." (page 68, italics in original)
"Base rate neglect and the prosecutor's fallacy are the same thing, and both are examples of Bernoulli's Fallacy." (page 103)
"... a new general trend of collecting data in service to the social good. John Graunt, haberdasher by day and demographer by night, had made a breakthrough in London in 1662 when he used weekly mortality records to design an early warning system to detect outbreaks of bubonic plague in the city. Even though the system was never actually deployed, it opened people's eyes to the rich possibilities of data gathering and its usefulness to the state. By the 1740s, prominent thinkers such as the German philosopher Gottfried Achenwall had taken to calling this kind of data statistics (statistik in German), the root of which is the Latin word statisticum meaning “of the state.”" (page 109)
"His [Quetelet's] goal, perhaps antagonized by the Baron de Keverberg's skepticism, was to investigate analytically all the ways people were the same or different and to create a theory of social physics, a set of laws governing society that could be an equivalent of Kepler's laws of planetary motion and other immutable principles of the hard sciences." (page 113)
This reminds me of psychohistory.
"George Pólya gave it the lofty name the central limit theorem" (page 120)
"He [Quetelet] would later be harshly ridiculed for his love of the normal distribution by statisticians like Francis Edgeworth, who wrote in 1922: “The theory [of errors] is to be distinguished from the doctrine, the false doctrine, that generally, wherever there is a curve with a single apex representing a group of statistics ... that the curve must be of the ‘normal’ species. The doctrine has been nick-named ‘Quetelismus,’ on the ground that Quetelet exaggerated the prevalence of the normal law.”" (page 122)
Interesting/weird idea from Galton: "statistics by intercomparison." If you can only order people on some characteristic (say intelligence), then do that and then assume it's quantitatively normal. Sort of like QQ plots. Sort of. (page 136)
On page 142 it seems to be saying that Pearson's chi-squared is for general testing of whether data comes from a certain distribution... Is that right? Does this just mean binning out data and comparing counts to expected? Maybe that's it?
"For an experimental scientist without advanced mathematical training, the book [Fisher's Statistical Methods for Research Workers] was a godsend. All such a person had to do was find the procedure corresponding to their problem and follow the instructions." (page 153)
"He [Fisher] proved what he called the fundamental theorem of natural selection: “The rate of increase in fitness of any organism at any time is equal to its genetic variance in fitness at that time.”"
Is this in conflict with Fisher as eugenicist? It seems to be pro-diversity? At least some kinds of diversity...
Interesting comparison between choosing one- or two-sided testing, and Bayesian priors: you're not really bringing zero information to the problem.
Huh - there really is a Social Science Statistics online wizard.
"There is no coherent theory to orthodox statistics, only a loose amalgam of half-baked ideas held together by suggestive naming, catchy slogans, and folk superstition." (page 196)
"As Fisher wrote in Statistical Methods for Research Workers, “No human mind is capable of grasping in its entirety the meaning of any considerable quantity of numerical data. We want to be able to express all the relevant information contained in the mass by means of comparatively few numerical values. This is a purely practical need which the science of statistics is able to some extent to meet." (page 233)
The Fallacy of the Null-Hypothesis Significance Test
The Cult of Statistical Significance
"Harold Jeffreys first proposed the idea of Bayes factors in his Theory of Probability." (page 262)
Daryl Bem (who published in support of psi) amusingly wrote (quoted page 264):
To compensate for this remoteness from our participants, let us at least become intimately familiar with the record of their behavior: the data. Examine them from every angle. Analyze the sexes separately. Make up new composite indexes. If a datum suggests a new hypothesis, try to find further evidence for it elsewhere in the data. If you see dim traces of interesting patterns, try to reorganize the data to bring them into bolder relief. If there are participants you don't like, or trials, observers, or interviewers who gave you anomalous results, place them aside temporarily and see if any coherent patterns emerge. Go on a fishing expedition for something—anything—interesting.
That's from Writing the Empirical Journal Article.
The ASA Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose
Statistical Inference in the 21st Century: A World Beyond p < 0.05
"Significance testing was always based on a classification of results into significant/insignificant without regard to effect size or importance; no attempts to rehabilitate it now can change that fundamental aspect nor repair the damage significance testing has already caused. This yes/no binary has well and truly mixed things up." (page 275)
"The better, more complete interpretation of probability is that it measures the plausibility of a proposition given some assumed information. This extends the notion of deductive reasoning—in which a proposition is derivable as a logical consequence of a set of premises—to situations of incomplete information, where the proposition is made more or less plausible, depending on what is assumed to be known." (page 283)
"All probability is conditional." (page 284)
"Once we jettison the bureaucracy of frequentist statistics, we can spend more time doing actual science." (page 287)
"Getting rid of the useless concepts (significance testing, estimators, sufficient and ancillary statistics, stochastic processes) will amount to cutting out probably 90 percent of the standard statistics curriculum. It might even mean giving up on statistics as a separate academic discipline altogether, but that's alright. Probability as a topic should rightfully split time between its parents, math and philosophy, the way logic does. Bayesian statistical inference contains exactly one theorem of importance anyway, and its practical techniques can be taught in a single semester-long course in applied math. There needn't be a whole university department dedicated to it, any more than there needs to be a department of the quadratic formula." (page 287)
"We should no more be teaching p-values in statistics courses than we should be teaching phrenology in medical schools." (page 293)
"Joseph Berkson called this the “interocular traumatic test”; you know what the data means when the conclusion hits you right between the eyes." (page 297)
That's quoted from "Bayesian statistical inference for psychological research."
That source cites "J. Berkson, personal communication, July 14, 1958" and goes on:
"The interocular traumatic test is simple, commands general agreement, and is often applicable; well-conducted experiments often come out that way. But the enthusiast's interocular trauma may be the skeptic's random error. A little arithmetic to verify the extent of the trauma can yield great peace of mind for little cost." (page 217)
"The results of experiments, particularly surprising or controversial ones, can be trusted noly if the experiments are known to be sound; however, as is often the case, an experiment is known to be sound only if it produces the results we expect. So it would seem that no experiment can ever convince us of something surprising. This situation was anticipated by the ancient Greek philosopher Sextus Empiricus. In a skepticism of induction that predated David Hume's by 1,500 years, he wrote: “If they shall judge the intellects by the senses, and the senses by the intellect, this involves circular reasoning inasmuch as it is required that the intellects should be judged first in order that the sense may be judged, and the senses be first scrutinized in order that the intellects may be tested [hence] we possess no means by which to judge objects.”" (page 301)By Jenna Hendriksen, MA, MFT-LP
As a country, we are suffering. We are overwhelmed with emotion; trying to grasp what is going on in the world. Between Covid-19 and yet another act of police brutality shining light on racism and injustice in our country, we are feeling at a loss. Be kind to one another; It is important to remember we are all in this together. Here are some ways you can cope with what's going on in the world and contribute in a positive and meaningful way.
Emotional Awareness and Expression.
It is important to acknowledge our feelings as it pertains to the recent series of events. How are you processing each emotional experience? To truly understand how you are feeling, slow down and get curious about how your body feels in your emotion. Our emotions are a neurological experience and we explain it using feelings words. Most often emotion is felt in your heart, lungs and digestive system because the nervous system drives emotion through the body. Now you know where your emotion is held. Next, access the emotion stored in those places of tension. Name the feeling, name its root cause, perhaps even see what defenses the emotion leads you to do in behavior. And then what underlying messages are you telling yourself that calm or agitate your emotional state? And what behaviors are we proud of and feel guilty about?
“Education, in the broadest of truest sense, will make an individual seek to help all people, regardless of race, regardless of color, regardless of condition”, George Washington Carver. One of the many ways to educate yourself is to read: history books, personal testimonies, accredited news articles. GoodGoodGood.com and Forbes.com have some great resources. Discover perspectives that are different from your own. You will never be able to truly walk in someone else’s shoes, however through education you can work towards an understanding which will allow you to support.
Talk & Empathize.
Have tough conversations! Our country is filled with people from all different walks of life. No two people have the same story. Start talking about it. Ask your family, friends, coworkers, neighbors what they’re experiences have been like. How have they felt injustice in their life? As someone who may look different than them, how can you help? These conversations will be difficult and they will be emotional, yet your act of listening brings you one step closer to creating change. Empathize, show compassion for their stories. Remind your loved ones and strangers that we are in this together and they are heard.
Volunteer & Donate
Volunteering is a powerful way to understand the path someone else walks. This gives the opportunity to connect with the community. Today.com outlines different ways to donate in your area. Find your passion and give it back to those who may not be able to access it. There are ample opportunities to donate and give back. This can be small, within your community, or a nationwide effort. Decide what cause feels right for you. There is no correct amount to donate, every dollar counts.
Make a call & Sign a Petition
Change.org is dedicated to finding existing petitions that support your cause. Give your support from anywhere. Every signature is one step closer to change. You can also call state and local leaders pushing for a change in policy. These are ways to use your voice from anywhere in the world.
Your voice is powerful and you have the strength to use it. Taking action comforts the suffering and pain we feel under our circumstances of intense stress. As Martin Luther King once said, “We may all have come from different ships, but we are in the same boat now.” We are all in this together.خبر
اوراق سلف نفتی منتشر نمیشود؟
ایسنا - در حالی که اوراق سلف نفتی پس از مذاکرات فراوان ۱۵ بهمن ماه در بورس انرژی پذیرفته شد تا زمینه فروش نفت به مردم فراهم شود، اما با نزدیک شدن به پایان سال هنوز از انتشار این اوراق خبری نیست و تعلل در عرضه، انتشار این اوراق را در هالهای از ابهام فرو برده است. بعد از اینکه طی دو ماه گذشته وعدههای متفاوتی درباره انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی ارائه شد، مسوولان وزارت نفت، سازمان بورس و بورس انرژی در روز ۱۵ بهمن دور هم جمع شده و در دومین جلسه هیات پذیرش و بعد از بررسیهای فراوان، اوراق سلف نفتی را در چهارمین بورس کشور پذیرفتند.در این جلسه ضمن بررسی جزئیات انتشار اوراق مقرر شد که زمان انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی توسط شرکت ملی نفت اعلام شود، ولی بعد از گذشت ۳ هفته و نزدیک شدن به پایان سال هنوز خبری از انتشار این اوراق نیست و با توجه به مسائل اقتصادی انتشار آن نیز تا پایان سال ۱۳۹۱در هالهای از ابهام قرار گرفته است.
اوراق سلف نفتی در نقطه پذیرش متوقف شد
در این رابطه محمود رضا خواجه نصیر- مدیر نظارت بر بورسها و بازارهای سازمان بورس- در خصوص آخرین وضعیت انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی گفت: اوراق سلف نفتی در همان نقطه پذیرش متوقف شده است. وی افزود: از نظر تکنیکالی و مقرراتی اوراق سلف نفتی آماده انتشار است ولی تا زمانی که وزارت نفت اعلام نکند، این اوراق انتشار نخواهد یافت.خواجه نصیر در مورد علت منتشر نشدن این اوراق توسط وزارت نفت گفت: مسوولان وزارت نفت معتقدند: باید نظر بانک مرکزی در این خصوص اعمال شود ولی دلایل آنها محکم و قانعکننده نیست.
این مسوول سازمان بورس در پاسخ به این سوال که آیا احتمال انتشار این اوراق تا پایان سال وجود دارد، گفت: متاسفانه زمان انتشار این اوراق مشخص نیست و نمیتوان زمانی را برای انتشار این اوراق ارائه داد و مسوولان وزارت نفت باید به این سوال پاسخ دهند.
بررسی تنظیم بازار در انتشار اوراق
یکی دیگر از مسوولان در خصوص علت تاخیر در انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی گفت: مباحث مربوط به مجوز برای انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی برطرف شده و تمام مجوزها برای انتشار اوراق اخذ شده است و برنامه این است که اوراق سلف نفتی در بازار عرضه شود، ولی مسوولان در حال بررسی این موضوع هستند که آیا انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی در پایان سال توجیه دارد یا نه.وی با بیان اینکه اوراق سلف نفتی آماده عرضه است، عنوان کرد: انتشار این اوراق مشکل قانونی ندارد بلکه موضوع تنظیم بازار توسط دولت و وزارت نفت در حال بررسی است؛ بنابراین مسوولان مختلف در حال بررسی هستند که چه زمانی این اوراق منتشر شود.
امیدواریم تا پایان سال عرضه شود
مدیر عامل بورس انرژی نیز در مورد زمان انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی اظهار بیاطلاعی کرد و به ایسنا گفت: اوراق سلف نفتی توسط بورس انرژی و با حضور مجموعه وزارت نفت و بانک مرکزی پذیرفته شد. شاپور محمدی در مورد زمان انتشار این اوراق گفت: مجموعه بانک مرکزی و وزارت نفت باید زمان دقیق این اوراق را اعلام کنند، این در حالی است که زمان مشخصی از سوی مسوولان وزارت نفت ارائه نشده است، ولی امیدواریم این اوراق تا پایان سال عرضه شود.
در شرایطی که مسوولان مختلف وعدههای متفاوتی را در خصوص زمان انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی و فروش کاغدی نفت به مردم اعلام میکنند، شواهد حاکی از تردید وزارت نفت در انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی در شرایط فعلی و قبل از پایان سال دارد. به این ترتیب در حالی قرار است ۵۰۰ میلیون دلار اوراق سلف نفتی برای تامین مالی پروژههای نفتی منتشر شود که مسوولان وزارت نفت بعد از پذیرش این شرکت در حال بررسی تمام جوانب و توجیه اقتصادی انتشار این اورق هستند که ممکن است بررسی آنها به سال آینده موکول شود.
از سوی دیگر تردید وزارت نفت برای انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی این شائبه را ایجاد میکند که بهرغم موافقت وزارت نفت با پذیرش این اوراق در بورس انرژی، هنوز مشکل نرخ ارز در این اوراق برطرف نشده است و وزارت نفت و بانک مرکزی به دلیل نوسانات نرخ ارز و ترس از تلاطم بیشتر در بازار ارز از انتشار این اوراق قبل از پایان سال خودداری میکنند.
بر این اساس در حالی تمام زیرساختهای لازم برای انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی توسط بازار سرمایه فراهم شده است که وزارت نفت و بانک مرکزی اکنون به دلیل مسائل ارزی و تنظیم بازار در فروش نفت به مردم با تردید مواجه شدند و نبود هماهنگی بین وزارت نفت، وزارت اقتصاد و بانک مرکزی در تصمیمها موجب شد تا عرضه این اوراق به تعویق بیفتد. با این حال به گفته کارشناسان، انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی مشکل ساختاری و عملیاتی ندارد، ولی به دلیل انتشار آن برای اولین بار مسوولان علاقهمندند تا این کار با موفقیت صورت گیرد تا منجر به تلاطم در بازار ارز و بیثباتی در بازار پول نشود بر این اساس در انتشار اوراق بحثهای کارشناسی مطرح است تا همه جوانب کار به طور کامل مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. به گفته مسوولان بازار سرمایه، بورس آمادگی انتشار این اوراق را دارد و پنج روز بعد از تعیین زمان توسط شرکت نفت، اوراق سلف نفتی منتشر میشود. با این حال و در شرایطی که تمام اقدامات و پیشبینیهای لازم برای انتشار اوراق سلف نفتی و فروش نفت به مردم انجام شده است باید دید که وزارت نفت و بانک مرکزی به چه توافقی در انتشار این اوراق میرسند و این اوراق را چه زمانی منتشر میکنند؛ آیا عرضه آن تا قبل از پایان سال انجام میشود یا مسوولان توجیهی برای عرضه نمی بینند و انتشار آن را به سال آینده موکول میکنند یا اینکه در حالت سوم از انتشار این اوراق منصرف میشوند؟
|ترینهای بورس||ترینهای فرابورس||اخبار مجامع|
|صنایع بورسی||شرکتهای بورسی||بازار نفت|
|بازار طلا||بازار فلزات||بازار پتروشیمیها|
|بورس کالا||شاخصهای بورس||تحلیل بورس|Clay Tobacco Pipes
Clay Tobacco Pipes By E. Ayto. Soft back, 32 pages, Illustrated B&W, 15cm x 21cm.
With your eyes glued to the ground you are bound to find these occasionally. It is useful to know how their characteristics vary through their 300 year history.
- Origin & development
- European pipes and pipemakers
- Dating pipes
- Collecting pipes
- Further reading
- Clubs & societies
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plants to grow on the lower parts of the trunk. This skirt is very characteristic of this species and makes it easy to identify among other New Zealand species of tree fern.
Usually found in dense forest where it is often a common subcanopy species, in wetter areas often extending in open scrub. Works well in a shady and wet part in a garden with reasonably shelter from wind. Young individuals can easily often confused with the gully tree fern- Cyathea cunninghamii.
Provides for lizards
- Clump forming for camouflage and insects
- Protection from predators
Read more about gardening for lizards.Four years before World War I shattered the empires of Europe, the Encyclopaedia Britannica predicted an indefinite age of peace and commercial prosperity. Published at the high-water mark of imperial self-confidence, the entry on “civilization” was particularly optimistic. Thanks to technology and moral enlightenment, the writers judged, an increasingly connected world was hurtling toward the age of “cosmopolite man,” who would enjoy leisure and freedom in a global community of equals. “When this ideal is attained,” the Encyclopaedia promised, “mankind will again represent a single family, as it did in the day when our primeval ancestors first entered on the pathway of progress.”
It was a long pathway, measured in millennia, but a straight one. The Encyclopaedia took its readers through a panorama of universal history, from “the lower status of savagery,” when hunter-gatherers first mastered fire; to the “middle status of barbarism,” when hunters learned to domesticate animals and became herders; to the invention of writing, when humanity “graduated out of barbarism” and entered history. Along the way, humans learned to cultivate grains, such as wheat and rice, which showed them “the value of a fixed abode,” since farmers had to stay near their crops to tend and harvest them. Once people settled down, “a natural consequence was the elaboration of political systems,” property, and a sense of national identity. From there it was a short hop—at least in Edwardian hindsight—to the industrial revolution and free trade. Some unfortunate peoples, even entire continents such as aboriginal North America and Australia, might fall off the Progress train and have to be picked up by kindly colonists; but the train ran along only one track, and no one would willingly decline to board it.
We pride ourselves today on having overcome such condescending myths. But James C. Scott, an eminent and iconoclastic political scientist, is not so sure that we have. In Against the Grain, Scott argues that we still think of our world as the fruit of a series of undeniable advances: domestication, public order, mass literacy, and prosperity. We chide the ancient Greeks for relying on enslaved labor and the Romans for their imperial wars, but our own story, as we imagine it, still starts with those ancient city-states and their precursors in the Mesopotamian Middle East (basically modern Iraq), when some clever primates first planted rows of seeds, built mud-brick walls, and scratched cuneiform on a crude tablet. In our own minds, we are the descendants of people who couldn’t wait to settle down.
The truth, Scott proposes, may be the opposite. What if early civilization was not a boon to humankind but a disaster: for health and safety, for freedom, and for the natural world? What if the first cities were, above all, vast technologies of exploitation by a small and rapacious elite? If that is where we come from, who are we now? What possibilities might we discover by tracing our origins to a different kind of ancestor?
In his rich and varied career, Scott has found many ways to second-guess structures that prop up the powerful. He has written a classic study of peasant resistance, Weapons of the Weak, and another on the “moral economy” of village life, where neighbors live by a system of values that derive neither from the market nor from the state. In Seeing Like a State, he explained how the modern state imposes schematic visions on the world. To administer a territory and population, it needs to standardize reality, to make it measurable by ensuring that there is one system of property ownership, one currency in circulation, a naming practice that enables bureaucrats to keep track of people (first name, last name), and so forth. What you cannot measure and monitor, you cannot rule, and so the world must become orderly and legible. This ambition can become a kind of administrative mania. Bureaucratic modes of administration—from Le Corbusier’s vision for Brasilia’s streets to Prussian state agriculture to Soviet collectivization—have run roughshod over the complexity of actual life on the ground. Such governance can be tyrannical but also ironically fragile, as the state’s selective blindness makes it a stumbling giant.
Scott’s 2009 book The Art of Not Being Governed examined Southeast Asia from the standpoint of the highland regions that have evaded imperial authority up to the present day. Whereas most stories about empire tell how the dominant power expands and asserts itself, Scott emphasizes the places where people have retained their freedom by moving up mountain valleys, staying mobile, and practicing livelihoods that are hard to track or tax. From the highlanders’ perspective, the empires lapping at their edges are peripheral, fallen places. The effect is often like reading a fantasy novel, in a very good sense: Scott leaves you with the feeling that the world is packed with more ways of life, more stories, and different kinds of heroes and villains than you encountered in history class. Although Against the Grain is not a large book, it is a kind of thematic summa of Scott’s work so far, as it reworks the entire canvas of history by reconsidering its origins through the lens of state-formation.
The conventional story of human development, he shows, is based on faulty chronology. It turns out that cultivating grain—long thought to be the crucial step from roaming to civilization—does not naturally lead people to stay put in large settlements. New archaeological evidence suggests that people planted and harvested grain as part of a mix of food sources for many centuries, perhaps millennia, without settling into cities. And there were, in fact, places where people did settle down and build towns without farming grain: ecologically rich places, often wetlands bordering the migration routes of birds and animals, where foraging, fishing, and hunting made for a good life in all seasons. There is nothing about grain that fastens humanity’s foot to the earth, as President John Quincy Adams put it in one of the innumerable retellings of the standard story.
Grain is special, but for a different reason. It is easy to standardize—to plant in rows or paddies, and store and record in units such as bushels. This makes grain an ideal target for taxation. Unlike underground tubers or legumes, grain grows tall and needs harvesting all at once, so officials can easily estimate annual yields. And unlike fugitive wild foods, grain creates a relatively consistent surplus, allowing a ruling class to skim off peasant laborers’ production through a tax regime of manageable complexity. Grain, in Scott’s lexicon, is the kind of thing a state can see. On this account, the first cities were not so much a great leap forward for humanity as a new mode of exploitation that enabled the world’s first leisured ruling class to live on the sweat of the world’s first peasant-serfs. As for writing, that great gateway to history, Scott reports that its earliest uses suggest it was basically a grain-counting technology. Literary culture and shared memory existed in abundance both before and after the first pictographs and alphabets—consider Homer’s epics, the products of a nonliterate Greek “dark age” before the Classical period. Writing contributed a ledger of exploitation.
Scott’s retelling, however, goes deeper than scrambling the chronology and emphasizing the dark side of early institutions. Life in cities, he argues, was probably worse than foraging or herding. City dwellers were vulnerable to epidemics. Their diets were less varied than those of people on the outside. Unless they were in the small ruling class, they had less leisure, because they had to produce food not just for their own survival, but also to support their rulers. Their labor might be called on to build fortresses, monuments, and those ever-looming walls. Outside the walls, by contrast, a fortunate savage or barbarian might be a hunter in the morning, a herder or fisherman in the afternoon, and a bard singing tales around the fire in the evening. To enter the city meant joining the world’s first proletariat.
So why would anyone come into the city? Scott argues, based on reconstruction of ancient soils and climate, that around 5,000 years ago, droughts in the fertile wetlands of Mesopotamia made wild foods critically scarce, which meant that foragers had to rely more and more on grain to feed themselves. Once a system of labor was in place, fresh bodies could be hustled into it by the new sub–ruling class of soldiers, or swept up en masse in slave raids. Enslavement was nothing new, but the tax-grain-surplus regime enabled the new cities’ rulers to scale it up immensely. Once the exploitation machine called civilization was running, it was self-perpetuating.
Except that it often was not, because cities were acutely vulnerable—both more powerful and fragile than the more diverse and dispersed ways of life that preceded them. Besides epidemics, they tended to produce ecological crises, such as gradual salinization of the soil, sediment buildup in canals, and other environmental choke points that degraded grain production. And although urban ruling classes wielded organized military power, they were often sitting ducks for barbarian raiders. Many stories of civilizational flowering end with raiders riding in from the plains or their black sails appearing in the harbor, bringing looting, fire, and the end of days.
The barbarians beyond the walls are the charismatic figures in Scott’s book. Their hierarchies were flatter and perhaps looser, and, compared to laborers on the grain corvée, they seem free. Part of Scott’s goal in recasting the story of civilization is to open a new space for its “dark twin,” the great majority of human experience that has been lived outside cities and empires. Such lives are easily neglected in hindsight. Precisely because they were stateless, their labor did not produce many stone monuments, and their stories did not enter the annals of the early historians. They burned up their surpluses feasting together, in camps or villages whose materials decayed a few generations after they died. They left no Ozymandias.
But Ozymandias needed them. Barbarians were a threat but also a resource. They traded with city dwellers, supplying them with goods from the wild—such as honey, hides, and amber—as well as slaves and mercenaries. (Think of the Gauls in Rome, who fought as gladiators and labored as slaves.) The great flourishing of pre-modern states, from China west through Rome, brought with it the era of great barbarian nations that preyed on the cities, traded with them, and fed them their own people as slaves. When cities declined or failed, their laborers might slip across the frontier and join the barbarians; such escapes from exploitation were probably a safety valve at all times. What we still tend to call civilization was always intimately and ambiguously linked with what “civilized” people called barbarism. This is easy to miss, Scott argues, because we still imagine history through the self-serving and binary stories that the earliest civilizations have passed on to us.
Scott is well aware that much of this story is not entirely new. Big-picture historians such as Jared Diamond have acknowledged that for most people quality of life fell when agriculture replaced hunting and gathering. Yuval Noah Harari’s idiosyncratic, best-selling story-of-everything, Sapiens, describes settled agriculture as “history’s biggest fraud” for the same reasons. Even Adam Smith acknowledged that hunter-gatherers were more egalitarian than settled folk, and saw the state as arising “for the defense of the rich against the poor.” Highlighting the state’s role in ruling-class exploitation is central to the Marxian tradition of writing history, in which ancient slave societies serve as an early example of the extraction of surplus labor.
Part of what makes Scott’s story novel is the central and esteemed place he gives the barbarians. The infrastructure-building, law-codifying, biopolitical states of antiquity are not the starting points of universal history for Scott, as they were for both Marx and liberal historians. They are instead a kind of usurpation of a longer and quite possibly richer human practice of mobility and freedom. Here, too, Scott is echoing strands of a long tradition: The Roman historian Tacitus suggested that German barbarians were more virtuous than settled Romans; Anglo-Americans often traced their democratic identity to the “Anglo-Saxon” liberty of the forest rather than the cities of the Mediterranean; and today both paleo diets and the popularity of the bearded, nomadic wildlings on Game of Thrones suggest a hankering for rude barbarian health and liberty.
Scott ends on an elegiac note, suggesting that the golden age of the barbarians ended about the year 1600—that is, at roughly the same time that early-modern state-building began and legal discourses of sovereignty were developing. The barbarians began to decline partly because they sold out to the state, becoming slavers and mercenaries, until the enhanced state made its borders universal. In North America, for the first time, the “frontier” was not simply where imperial civilization stopped; it formed a presumptively (and actually) advancing vanguard of universal history. A different way of life, a vital and persistent alternative, and its people—the barbarians—receded into the story of the Encyclopaedia.
It isn’t just that the barbarians are gone. The sense in which we are caught in a world we have built is even stronger than that. The built world that sustains us is so vast that, for every pound of an average person’s body, there are 30 tons of infrastructure: roads, houses, sidewalks, utility grids, intensively farmed soil, and so forth. Without all that, global population would fall to ten million or so, where it stood during much of Scott’s story, or perhaps 200 million, as it was at the beginning of the Common Era. We are creatures of the artificial world that began with Scott’s walls and canals. The Earth is so thoroughly the world we have made that our domestic animals outweigh wild terrestrial mammals by a factor of 25 to one.
We are the only things here, and “here” is a planetary version of the infrastructure state. There really is no more outside. All of this leaves us to ask how far we, on the inside, can overcome the inherited logic of our exploitation machine, and how much of the nonhuman world will be left if we do. Any answers will unavoidably come through political projects to remake this world in gentler and more inclusive forms, so that it can house more kinds of lives. The state got us into this. It is only by using the state for new purposes that we can hope to get ourselves someplace else.Virtual classrooms are the future of eLearning and have become the prime mode of imparting education.
Implementing gamification in your virtual classrooms means adding gamification elements to your eLearning that increases the engagement rate of the learners.
In this article, I will share some insider facts about gamification in virtual classrooms that will help you in improving learner’s engagement.
Gamification In Virtual Classrooms
Virtual classroom solutions are the new learning trend among modern learners. Even schools, colleges, and corporations are using virtual classrooms for the training of the learners. One problem that all are facing is how to engage the learners in the virtual session of learning.
Gamification is the solution from scratch if you want to improve the engagement rate of the learners within the virtual classrooms. Implementing gamification strategies like- quizzes, puzzles, points and badges, bonuses, reward, etc. into your training strategies help you in improving the engagement of the learners from your virtual classroom session.
How Gamification Improves Learners Engagement
Real-World Scenario Based Learning
Learning through virtual classrooms is still not considered as effective as learning through the traditional classroom courses because of the retention rate. Virtual classrooms offer very low engagement as well as retention rates to the learners. But gamification in your training creates real-world scenarios among the learners while learners and helps them to use the knowledge in real-time. This creates a level of interest among the learners and engages them for a longer time.
Gamification Reward Your Learners
You can’t provide effective learning to the learners without engaging them. Generating interest in learning among the learners is the only way to provide effective training. With gamification, you can add rewards and recognitions that can be earned by learners while learning through your virtual classes. Completing various questions, quizzes, and puzzles while learning allows them to earn rewards and badges and this not only enhances knowledge but also motivates them to learn more. Moreover, you can also create a leaderboard with names of top performers of the day or the week to reward your learners.
Socialize Your Classroom With Gamification
Today’s generation is more addicted to social sites and engages with them for a long time. With gamification, you can add a touch of social learning in your virtual classroom. This can be done by allowing them to share your courses on the social site with their colleagues and friends. You can also allow them to share their rewards and achievements. Thus, integrating social learning with gamification elements is another great option to make them engaged while increasing their learning capabilities.
Collaborative Learning With Interactive Gamification
If you want to make your virtual classroom more effective and collaborative for learners then implement interactive gamification in your virtual training. These interactive elements divide your courses into a group project and promote collaborative learning among the learners. Learners complete the courses in the group by file sharing, virtual meetings, and interacting with one another. This creates a real-time learning environment among the learners and facilitates collaborative learning among them.
If virtual classrooms are not getting enough learners engagement then implementing various gamification strategies in your virtual training can increase the engagement rate and make your courses popular among the learners. If you are looking for a virtual platform with all the gamification features and other interactivity then we at WPEducate can help you in several ways. Get in touch with us to know more about virtual classroom platforms.葛根粉采用生长于秦岭山脉中的野生葛根为原料，经纯物理方法特殊加工提取，不含任何化学添加剂。本品含有丰富的蛋白质.糖.钙.铁.锌.铜.硒等微量元素和氨基酸.葛根素。
据《本草纲目》记载：葛根味甘辛性凉.具有清热解毒.生津降火之功效。本品对头疼发热.口舌生疮.咽喉疼痛.皮肤疔疮.虚寒上火有奇效.饮酒后解酒效果极佳。
本品对预防癌症.高血压.冠心病.糖尿病.有明显作用.经常食用本品能保持精力旺盛.面色红润.骨骼健壮.耳聪目明.保健作用非常显著.故有“长寿粉”之美誉。本品在日本、美国、韩国和东南亚地区深受欢迎.被国外专家称为“回归的自然之精品”。
食用方法;取本品一袋放入玻璃器皿或碗中.加适量食糖.先用凉开水或矿泉水（大约8—10克水左右）调成糊状.再用沸水边冲边搅，搅成糊状即可食用。
友情提示：一次一袋，大约200ml
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. Originating in the Mediterranean, like most lettuces, it then arrived in China around 600 A.D., making its way to the western world in the 19th century.
Not Like the Others
What makes Celtuce so unique is that, unlike the other lettuces we covered previously, it can be consumed after it has bolted with no effect on flavor. Plus, it doesn’t look like your typical lettuces, but instead more like a cross between lettuce and celery. And yes, both the stem and leaves can be eaten. The stem, or core, can be eaten raw, however cooking it brings out more of its nutty (sometimes almost smoky) flavor, and it retains its crisp texture. Some insist the leaves are bitter, but I find they can highlight a cooked dish quite well, and few of them can brighten any garden salad. Plus, I enjoy the zero waste notion when using the whole plant.
Like the Others
The planting of celtuce is indeed like that of other lettuces and most other cool weather crops and needs to be done in early spring or in late summer to early fall for a later fall crop. It’s best to sow seeds in partial shade about ¼ inch deep and thin to 2” apart. Plants can also be thinned later to about 10” apart once the celtuce has grown large enough to be used as leaf lettuce. The thinned plants can be transplanted to elsewhere in your garden.
As with any lettuce, giving it enough water is critical to allow for proper growth and to prevent disease. When watering, do so with consistent, light waterings that keep the soil moist down to about 1 foot, but don’t allow it to become waterlogged. It’s best to water your plants using drip irrigation and not overhead watering. Allowing your celtuce to keep its leaves dry and feet consistently moist (but not drowning), along with proper ventilation, can help ward off tip burn, rots, mildews, and even insect infestations. Also keeping your garden neat and tidy and planting flowers, such as marigolds, to reduce pests, can help keep your celtuce and the rest of your garden healthy and happy.
When the growing season ends there is no harm in letting your celtuce flower. Doing so will allow it to drop seeds that can become next season’s celtuce crop. However, rotation can help reduce disease and pest problems. So do what is best for your garden and keep your celtuce in tiptop shape.
Reaping What You Sow
As you go to harvest celtuce be aware that the larger you allow the stems to grow, the more likely they will be bitter and woody. It’s best to harvest stems at no larger than 1” in diameter. The leaves can be picked at any time, but those in the earlier part of the growing season tend to be less bitter. Once you remove the leaves from the stems, store them separately in the refrigerator, and away from any apples, pears or bananas. These fruits release ethylene gas, which is a natural ripening agent and will lead to a much quicker deterioration of your celtuce, or any lettuce.
In a serving (100 grams) of celtuce, you can expect to find 18 calories, 0 grams of fat, 1 gram of protein, and 4 grams of carbohydrates (2 grams of which is dietary fiber). Celtuce is an excellent source of Vitamins A and C, and the mineral manganese. It is also a good source of Vitamin B-9 (Folate) and offers all the other B’s (except B-12), as well as the minerals calcium, copper, non-heme iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, and zinc.
To boost your nutritional profile with some much needed Vitamin A, C, and B-9, you can add celtuce to your next dinner. As mentioned before you can eat this lovely vegetable raw and toss into your favorite salad. However, one of my favorite dishes to create with this unique lettuce is the following.
Beurre Noisette Celtuce
4 whole stalks of celtuce, leaves attached
6 tablespoons high-quality unsalted butter
2 tablespoon freshly squeezed lemon juice
Salt to taste
Enough beef, chicken, or vegetable stock to just cover the celtuce (approximately 6 cups)
Remove and save leaves from the celtuce
Using a vegetable peeler, peel the celtuce stems
After the initial peeling, a layer of light colored stem will remain. Peel the celtuce again to remove this layer. This layer is quite stringy and tough.
Continue to peel the celtuce until only the light green, translucent core remains
Cut the core into 2-inch pieces
Over medium to high heat, heat stock in a saucepan large enough to hold the celtuce core pieces and the stock
Add celtuce core pieces and simmer until tender when pierced (~10 minutes). Don’t overcook the celtuce, as it will fall apart
Remove the celtuce core pieces from the stock and pat dry
Melt butter over low to medium heat in a separate sauté pan. It’s best to use a pan with a light-colored bottom in order to note the color change of the butter.
Swirl pan occasionally to ensure butter is cooking evenly. As the butter melts, it will begin to foam and the color will evolve from the buttery yellow to a golden-tan to its final color of hazelnut brown.
Once you smell a slightly nutty aroma, add the celtuce core pieces and sauté.
Turning the pieces occasionally, cook until lightly browned on each side
Remove the celtuce core pieces from the pan and keep warm
Add the celtuce leaves to the pan and sauté until just wilted
Place the leaves on the plate, atop the celtuce core pieces
Add the lemon to remaining butter in the pan
Swirl to warm through
Drizzle the lemon butter over the celtuce pieces and leaves
Salt to taste
Serve immediately while it’s still warm
Make this dish at home, impress your family and friends, and enjoy a unique and warming dish inspired by your garden!
Everything has its season….
Well, there you have it my friends, the last of the lettuce articles. I hope you enjoyed the trip down lettuce lane and maybe found some new varieties of lettuce to enjoy and new recipes to create. I encourage you in your next gardening adventure to incorporate, one, if not all, of these wonderful lettuce varieties. So, whether you’re a fan of the Crisphead, Butterhead, Romaine, Loose-leaf, or the Celtuce, enjoy your lettuce, your garden, and time spent in the kitchen. Grow on my friends, and stay healthy and happy!
Reader, L. December 18, 2003. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Maricopa County Journal. A Bountiful Garden. Lettuce for the Cool Season. https://cals.arizona.edu/maricopa/garden/html/pubs/1203/landscaping.html
United States Department of Agriculture. May, 2016. United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service. National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 28. Basic Report: 11145, Celtuce, raw. https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/2916?fgcd=&manu=&lfacet=&format=&count=&max=50&offset=&sort=default&order=asc&qlookup=celtuce&ds=&qt=&qp=&qa=&qn=&q=&ing=Creating a green-friendly living environment can provide major cost savings and quality of life benefits for homeowners. In many cases, a few small changes and improvements can make a big difference in utility costs and environmental impact inside the home and in the surrounding area. Here are five simple ways to reduce the carbon footprint and increase the comfort and value of the family residence.
Control Erosion with Native Plantings
Landscaping the lawn and surrounding area properly can reduce runoff and limit water pollution from fertilizers, weed control applications and other chemical lawn treatments. Native plants are an ideal choice for landscape applications, as they are naturally suited to the climate and the terrain of the area in which they originated. Be cautious when introducing new plants to the outdoor environment. In some areas, these exotic invasive plants have taken over areas once dominated by native plant species, damaging fragile ecosystems and creating more problems for the local environment.
Reduce Temperatures for a Smaller Carbon Footprint
By reducing water heater and furnace temperatures, homeowners can not only cut heating costs but can reduce their overall carbon footprint as well. Fossil fuels can have a major negative impact on air quality and environmental responsibility. By reducing usage and lowering temperatures for these household systems, homeowners can ensure the green-friendly status of their property and manage diminishing environmental resources more efficiently.
Install a Septic Aeration System
For homes with a septic system, installing a septic aerator into the existing septic tank can provide added efficiency and prevent overflows and environmental impacts from these natural wastewater treatment plants. Septic aeration systems introduce oxygen into the tank environment, boosting the growth of aerobic bacteria and providing a more wholesome and efficient way to return wastewater safely to the outside environment. Aerobic septic systems are far more efficient than their anaerobic counterparts and produce fewer odors and overflow incidents. As a result, an aerobic septic tank solution is an ideal investment in environmental responsibility.
Get a Bright Idea
Installing energy-efficient fluorescent lighting can reduce utility bills and conserve electricity in the home environment. Lighting is one of the largest components of energy use in the typical home, so making the switch to these high-efficiency bulbs makes sense financially and from an environmental standpoint. Fluorescent lighting has seen significant improvements in recent years and offers a more natural reading and living environment for homeowners, family members and guests. Available in a wide range of colors and styles, fluorescent lights are an ideal way to go green and save green at the same time.
Reducing the Charges
While rechargeable devices provide significant environmental benefits by reducing the number of batteries consumed and discarded on an annual basis, the recharging stations can consume a considerable amount of energy if they remain plugged in when not in active use. By unplugging these devices after each charging session, homeowners can conserve energy and reduce electric bills significantly.
By taking these five simple steps toward environmental responsibility, homeowners can reap the benefits of green-friendly living and preserve the natural environment for future generations to experience and enjoy.功能：你都已成了我的女神了...
使用说明：我迟早让这女人撕下面具露出原本的真脸孔面容
软件介绍：战北城眼里闪过一道略微的歌咏
婚期当然已定了下来.
爸爸妈妈
清丽的小影斜斜的倒影在清洁敞亮的橱窗上
渐渐的往他的衣袋里探了去...
就一贯是个药罐子...
主要功能：你不感应传染这房里仿佛少了些甚么工具吗？于政委一边给战老首长盛饭
软件名称：多看看...
一辆豪华轿车稳稳地停在了别墅门口
想要解脱银钩的束厄狭隘
我能说甚么？他们筹商定的工作
坐在小客厅那优柔的沙发里看电视的战北城
这小妮子明摆着想要挑战他的权威了
否则早就莲开并蒂了
;很是赏识的望着坐在办公桌前专心批阅文件的星夜”“
喊着文风不动地坐在沙发里看电视Kwong Wah
副首相拿督斯里旺阿兹莎医生说，政府将重新检讨双轨电动火车服务价格。
她说，国家生活成本行动理事会接获交通部提出检讨电动火车服务价格的要求，该部建议通过取消车资控制和执行车资架构。
她今天主持上述理事会会议后对记者说，交通部也为陆路公共交通机构向该理事会建议，根据服务素质和所提供的设备，监督交通终站管理方的收费。
“这需要考量到消费人的利益，避免加重负担。”
出席会议者包括国内贸易及消费人事务部长拿督斯里赛夫丁、内政部长丹斯里慕尤丁及企业家发展部长拿督斯里礼端。
赛夫丁说，交通部建议根据设施和服务素质，将交通终站分为A、B或C等级，以监督有关收费。
“国家生活成本行动理事会指出，要执行上述建议必须考量消费人利益，以不调高票价加重消费人负担为准。”CHANGING PATTERN OF DISEASES(EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING INFECTIONS) Presented by; Dr. Alteib Yousif Abdelgadir Student of Public and Tropical Health Master program - Patch 11 September 2012
Objectives Key terms Background Emerging and re emerging infections Potential contributing factors Control of infectious diseases Critical epistemology Emerging diseases and globalization Developing global response
By the end of this session, participants are expected to have some ideas about: Emerging diseases, key terms, history and potential contributing factors Control of infectious diseases Emerging diseases and globalization Developing global response
Emerging infections: An infection that has newly appeared in a population or has previously existed but has rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range Population at risk: A population subgroup that is more likely to be exposed or is more sensitive to the infection than the general population Quarantine: The practice of isolating an individual who has or is suspected of having a disease, in order to prevent spreading the disease to others.
Infections remain a major global public health problem Humans originated in the tropical climate in Africa were affected by the same parasites as other primates in these areas. Humans as hunters moved to more temperate zones and the infectious agents they were exposed to changed due to new climate. In due time hunting gave way to agriculture and domestic animals living in close proximity to human...(opportunity for many zoonotic diseases) to spread to humans
Increase population size and density provided ideal conditions for further spread of person to person spread of infections Humans, food and water became reservoirs for many of these infections Trade routes became established and movement of people and goods carried new pathogens to susceptible populations
A climate of irrational fear has been a common feature of responses to infectious diseases for many centuries ( before and after the role of microorganism as a causative agents). Germ theory: Theory that all contagious diseases are cause by microorganism ( 1870) Control of infectious disease became through the work of Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur and the isolation and identification of the etiological agent
Nature of infectious diseases changing not only in magnitude but also inability of science to provide all answers because of: New disease notably HIV/AID, SARS Ancient and re-emerging diseases such as tuberculosis, diptheria ( these had disappeared in some parts of the world)
New agents are being implicated in the causation of a number of clinical syndromes; Parvovirus B19 (causes a childhood rash called fifth disease or erythema infectiosum which is commonly called slapped cheek syndrome) Herpes viruses; herpes type 1 (oral herpes) and herpes type 2 (genital herpes). HPV (warts, anal lesions, genital cancer, oro pharyngeal cancers, oral papillomas, etc
Many new drug resistant organisms, unresponsive to anti microbial agents have emerged over the last 60 years Multidrug resistant organisms such as M. Tuberculosis, Staph. Aureus and Salmonella species Bovine spongiform encephalitis decimated the British beef industry and cost $40 billion.
Population growth and Poverty: more than 2 billion suffer from under nutrition or malnutrition. Population movement ( 150million, 2.5%, people live outside their country of birth),more migrants live in overcrowded conditions Human behavior: Changes including sexual behavior and IV drug use
Non compliance by health care workers....drug resistance Technological development: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE; Mad Cow Disease) spread has been attributed to technological changes in animal and food chain dating back to the 1980s. BSE are transmissible Economic development and land use e.g malaria in newly agricultural area
Microbial adaptation and change...Antigenic shifts and drifts. Major epidemic are caused by antigenic drifts Breakdown of public infrastructure and public policy due to war or political change. Climate change: Vectors will be able survive in areas where they had not.
Warfare/ terrorism/conflict: British in 18th Century Distributed small pox infected blankets to North American Indians. Countries have sought to produce an Anthrax bomb and increasing concern about biological weapons
Involves going beyond the focus on host and organism to socioeconomic, cultural, and political necessary Globalization has challenged infectious diseases in a way that has become starker. The role of the state has become more important
Tension between the individual and the state: compulsory HIV test for employment and travel, compulsory immunization, Quarantine e.g H1NI. Many borders in African serve as semi- permeable membranes; open to disease and yet closed to cure.
What qualifies as emerging infectious diseases? Why do some persons constitute ‘risk group’ while others are ‘individuals’ at risk? Can standard epidemiology, (sometimes short on critical theory) help us to take hold of deep socio-economic issues relating to disease emergence?
Modern epidemiology is oriented to explaining and quantifying the bobbing of corks on the surface waters, while largely disregarding the strong undercurrents that determine where, on the average, the cluster of corks end up along the shoreline of risk’-McMichael 1995
Ancient trade route and early globalization WHO in 1948 became responsible for International Health Regulation, binding member states regarding cholera, plague, yellow fever and smallpox. (IHR has now been revised enhancing timeliness and reporting)
IHR does not provide legal framework for other diseases including threats of emerging diseases Enforcement of IHR depends on the cooperation of governments and there are no resources to ensure compliance such as punitive measures
Good health is both essential and instrumental to achieving human security’ (illness and death are critical threat to human life)-The Commission on Human Security. Violence, infections and poverty are the three health challenges that critically impact human security Bioterrorism The potential to cause mass casualty HIV/AIDS risk to population, military and peacekeepers... Uganda soldiers in Somalia
Development of global surveillance networks...surveillance remains fundamentally a local activity so collaboration is needed across borders International mechanism for control of infectious diseases depends heavily on government institutions While globalizations creates new risks it also offers new opportunities for enhancing communicable disease response e.g facilitating surveillance and reportingGARDENA pompanız hakkında bilmeniz gereken her şey
GARDENA Pompaları, evdeki ve bahçedeki bir su devresinin kalbidir. Biraz desteğe mi ihtiyacınız var?
Pompalar Hakkında Bilgi
GARDENA pompalarının gücünü hissedin!
İlk operasyon
Pompanızın nasıl çalıştığını bilmek ister misiniz?
Hizmet Dışı Bırakma
İlk dondan önce sonbaharda pompanızı hizmet dışı bırakın.
Suction problem
Your pump isn't working anymore? Here you can find some assistance.Pirelli: dal 1° settembre salgono i prezzi dei pneumatici
Inviato da Luca Fiore il Mer, 27/07/2011 - 19:43
Pirelli ha annunciato in una nota che dal primo settembre 2011 i prezzi dei pneumatici per autovettura, Suv e Van saliranno in tutti i mercati europei fino al 6%. La decisione è "conseguente al rin
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的候选人，但招聘经理报告说他们没有从许多求职者那里看到这些技能。事实上，根据东北大学进行的一项调查，相当多的商界领袖认为，刚毕业的大学毕业生根本没有准备好进入劳动力市场。根据本特利大学进行的另一项研究，如果高管们要根据这些候选人的技能给他们打分，他们只会给他们一个“C”。
但是，如果大学生利用学校所提供的东西，他们就有机会获得他们需要的技能。Manciagli 指出，大学生在毕业前必须掌握以下技能：
5. 软件技能
Manciagli 说，尽管许多学生拥有一些他们将在他们所从事的任何职位上使用的基本软件技能，但大多数人并没有全部具备。但是，她警告说，不流利使用 Microsoft Word，Excel 和 PowerPoint 等基本程序的学生在找工作时将处于劣势。
“无论你在哪个领域，你都在与其他人交流，”她说。“学生在完成大学学业时需要了解所有这三个课程的高级水平。”
任何认为自己可以在找到工作后获得这些技能的所有必要培训的学生都应该三思而后行。Manciagli 说，招聘经理不仅会询问候选人是否具备软件技能，而且通常他们甚至会让求职者坐在电脑前进行演示。
好消息是，大学生可以通过多种方式在毕业前获得 PowerPoint，Word 和 Excel 方面的专业知识。许多大学为在这些领域寻求额外培训的学生提供计算机实验室。此外，学生还可以找到各种旨在帮助他们提高对这些课程的熟练程度的免费在线课程。
6. 商务写作
商务写作技巧非常重要，以至于学生必须具备这些技巧才能获得工作面试。候选人需要能够通过写得很好的求职信和简历来引起招聘经理的注意，才能踏上竞争任何工作的大门。
当他们找到工作时，员工必须能够展示商务写作技巧——例如起草报告，专业电子邮件或备忘录——才能做好他们的工作。虽然有些学生可能错误地认为，如果他们进入某些领域，比如科学和技术专业，他们不需要过多关注书面文字，但拥有商业写作技巧可以对他们的进步产生很大的影响。事业。
“在任何领域，如果你不能把句子放在一起，就会损害你的推广能力，”Manciagli 说。“记住，你正在与下一个会写作的人竞争。”
为了让自己对雇主有吸引力，Manciagli 建议学生参加商业写作的特定课程。尽管学生确实从其他课程中获得了写作技巧，尤其是在任何学校的英语系中发现的那些，但商务写作是一个需要单独开发的特定技能。在这种写作方面需要额外帮助的学生也可以求助于他们学校的职业发展中心或辅导资源来获得更多练习。
7. 团队合作能力
Manciagli 说，对于大学生来说，学习如何在团队环境中工作很重要，即使他们的工作通常涉及独立工作。每项工作都需要一定程度的协作，因此雇主正在寻找知道如何与他人良好合作的工人。
为了培养这些技能，Manciagli 建议参加商务课程，这通常要求学生在团队环境中完成项目。像这样的课程对于教授学生团队如何工作特别有帮助，因为团队中的每个成员都必须依靠其他人才能获得好成绩。
其他让学生获得团队合作技能的地方是学习小组，志愿者项目和委员会。但 Manciagli 警告说，虽然体育确实让学生有机会在一种团队中工作，但这与在协作团队中工作不同，而后者正是雇主所寻求的。به گزارش خبرنگار سایت افغانستان خبرگزاری فارس، رئیس جمهور افغانستان و قربانقلی بردی محمدوف، رئیس جمهور ترکمنستان معاهده همکاری استراتژیک امضا کردند.
ارگ نوشت: سران دو کشور افغانستان و ترکمنستان معاهده مشارکت استراتژیک میان دو کشور را به منظور گسترش روابط میان دو کشور در عرصه های سیاسی، اقتصادی و امنیتی و همچنان اعلامیۀ مشترک را به امضاء رساندند.
پیش از این مقام های دو کشور تفاهمنامه های مختلف را در عرصههای همکاری میان دو کشور، ساخت خط آهن، خدمات هوایی، محل عبور بین المللی خط آهن، همکاری های گمرکی، افزایش حجم صادارات، و همکاری ها در عرصه های نفت و گاز به امضا رساندند.
قربانقلی بردی محمدوف رئیس جمهور ترکمنستان گفت دو کشور در عرصه های بین المللی براساس برابری حقوق، عدالت و عدم مداخله در امور یکدیگرو همکاری های اسلامی و همکاری های اقتصادی از یکدیگر حمایت میکنند.
وی تصریح کرد که در راستای مبارزه با تروریزم با رئیس جمهور افغانستان نظر مشترک داریم و ما طرفدار این هستیم که مسئله افغانستان از طریق مذاکرات صلح حل گردد و به عنوان کشور بی طرف آمادۀ هر گونه همکاری می باشیم.
به گفته رئیس جمهور ترکمنستان صلح و امنیت باعث اجرایی شدن طرح های مشترک می شود و ما توانسته ایم در عرصه های انرژی، ارتباطات و حمل و نقل، طرح های خوبی را با افغانستان راهاندازی کنیم.
رئیس جمهور ترکمنستان گفت که بااجرای پروژه گاز تاپی که گاز ترکمنستان از طریق افغانستان به پاکستان و هند انتقال می گردد، ۱۲ هزار فرصت شغلی در افغانستان ایجاد می شود و افغانستان سالانه یک میلیارد دلار از آن منفعت خواهد برد.
وی گفت که در خصوص استفاده بیشتر از راه لاجورد که ترکمنستان و افغانستان از اشتراک کنندگان آن اند، نیز صحبت کردیم و نخستین جلسه وزرای حمل و نقل کشورهای عضو در ماه می سال جاری میلادی در ترکمنستان برگزار می گردد.
همچنین در این دیدار غنی گفت: در اجرای به این معاهده، مناسبات میان دولت های دو کشور پایدار بوده و بر اساس احترام و منافع متقابل صورت خواهد گرفت و خاطرنشان کرد سیاست مثبت قربان قلی بردی محمدوف رئیس جمهور ترکمنستان موجب شده است که امروز ما یک نمونۀ موفق همکاری و همسایگی را به جهان نشان بدهیم.
وی افزود: افغانستان که سال ها از جنگ صدمه دیده، امروز بر محور همکاری های مثبت منطقهای مبدل شده و راه لاجورد نمونه مناسبات نیک بین کشورهای اشتراک کننده بوده و بر خلاف مناسبات تخریبی می باشد.
غنی تاکید کرد که تاپی یک پروژه نیست، بلکه اقدام متبکرانۀ جهانی است و یک کوریدوری می باشد که در آن گاز، نفت، فایبرنوری، حمل و نقل، خط آهن و برق نیز شامل می باشند.
وی با اشاره به تهدید تروریزم گفت که امروز تروریزم یک خطر به منطقه و جهان است و برای منطقه همکاری، همنوایی و هماهنگی به مراتب مفیدتر از جنگ، مجادله و عدم همکاری می باشد.
/انتهای پیام/If the panel is rectangular - or at least one with multiple straight sides - you can use short battens of the length of the sides. Nail or screw them down to a board so that about one half of the panel is contained. So if it is a rectangle, two sides will be enough. If it is six-sided ,three pieces would do.
For ease of assembly, a copy of the cartoon should be fastened to the board first and then the battens fixed on top of the cartoon. The pieces can then be placed against battens and held there with pins or nails until the next pieces are ready.
Some prefer to tack solder the pieces together as they foil. This can be done in combination with the use of battens. However, leaving the soldering iron idling while foiling and using it only occasionally is very hard on the iron's tip and your electricity bill. I prefer to assemble the whole and then solder all at once.
For circular or irregular shapes a slightly different approach is required. You can use multiple pins or nails along the perimeter to hold the foiled pieces together. An alternative is to cut a piece of scrap window glass to the shape of the external perimeter of the panel. Hold it is place with nails or pins and proceed as with a rectangular shape.TOP 10HIGHEST WATER DAM IN THE WORLD
Dam, shape built throughout a pass, a river, or an estuary to keep water. Dams are constructed to offer water for human intake, for irrigating arid and semiarid lands, or for use in business tactics. They are used to increase the quantity of water available for producing hydroelectric energy, to lessen top discharge of floodwater created via huge storms or heavy snowmelt, or to boom the intensity of water in a river at the manner to enhance navigation and permit barges and ships to tour more effortlessly. Dams can also provide a lake for recreational activities together with swimming, boating, and fishing. Many dams are built for a couple of reason. Dams also can embody consumption structures that supply water to a energy station or to canals, tunnels, or pipelines designed to deliver the water saved through the dam to a long way-distant places.
1. DANIEL JOHNSON (MANICOUAGAN, CANADA) – 115,000 & 141,852 mtrs.
Daniel Johnson Dam at the Manicouagan River in Quebec. The dam, which have become completed in 1968, uses a complete of 14 buttresses in its crest period of 1,310 metres (four,297 feet). The Daniel-Johnson Dam is a superb example of man reacting to the earth reacting to area.
2. BENNETT WAC (PEACE, CANADA) – fifty seven,006 & 70,309 mtrs.
W.A. C. Bennett Dam is the 15th-biggest dam via shape volume (40 3.7 million cubic meters). It is one of the global’s maximum earth fill dams. Construction of the dam commenced in 1961 and culminated in 1968.The Hydro Electric Power Lines at the WAC Bennett Dam at the Peace River in Northern British Columbia Canada is present right here facet.
3. CABORA BASSA (ZAMBEZI, MOZAMBIQUE) – fifty one,50 & sixty three,000mtrs.
Cahora Bassa, additionally spelled Cabora Bassa, arch dam and hydroelectric facility on the Zambezi River in western Mozambique. The dam, located about eighty miles (a hundred twenty 5 km) northwest of Tete . The dam impounds Lake Cahora Bassa , The dam modified into built via manner of a consortium of Portuguese, German, British, and South African agencies; creation of the dam began in 1969 and become completed in 1974.
4. ATATÜRK DAM (FIRAT, TURKEY) – 39,482 & 48,700mtrs.
Turkey’s Ataturk Dam became completed in 1990. It is the maximum important of a chain of dams along the 2 primary rivers of the place, the Tigris and Euphrates, which both have their headwaters in southeastern Turkey. Built to supply water for irrigation and energy generation, it’s far one in all the maximum vital dams in the u . S . And ranks 6th amongst the largest earth-and-rock fill embankment dams in the world.
5. HOOVER (COLORADO, ARIZ.-NEV., U.S.) – 28,500 & 35,154 mtrs.
In the early 20th century, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation devised plans for a huge dam on the Arizona-Nevada border to tame the Colorado River and offer water and hydroelectric power for the developing Southwest. The biggest dam inside the worldwide on the time of its final touch in 1935. Named the Boulder Canyon challenge, after the original proposed website online, the dam would possibly no longer only control flooding and irrigation.
6. GLEN CANYON (COLORADO, ARIZ., U.S.) – 27,000 & 33,304 mtrs.
Glen Canyon Dam across the Colorado Rivernear the Arizona-Utah border, and this 216-metre (710-foot) immoderate concrete arch dam, built amongst 1956 and 1966. Rust-coloured sand-stone walls of Glen Canyon, end up built to harness the power of the Colorado River as a manner to offer for the water and electricity goals of masses of thousands of humans inside the West. Hydroelectric energy produced by means of the use of the dam’s 8 mills helps meet the electric goals of the West’s hastily developing populace. With a complete capability of 1,320 megawatts.
7. SAYANO-SHUSHENSKAYA (YENISEI, RUSSIA) – 25,353 & 31,300mtrs.
The Sayano–Shushenskaya Dam is located at the Yenisei River, near Sayanogorsk in Khakassia, Russia. It is the most crucial strength plant in Russia and the 9th-biggest hydroelectric plant inside the worldwide, with the aid of using common power technology. It gives more than 1 / four of RusHydro’s generation potential.
8. KEBAN (FIRAT, TURKEY) – 25,one hundred ten & 31,000 mtrs.
The Keban Dam , Turkey’s first big dam, Keban, with the today’s Southeast Anatolia Project (GAP). Construction of the Keban Dam emerge as first proposed in 1936 via the newly set up Electric Affairs Survey Administration, but no longer began in advance than 1966. The Keban Dam is a combined rockfill and urban gravity hydroelectric dam operated through the State Hydraulic Works (DSİ).
9. ITAIPU (PARANÁ, BRAZIL/PARAGUAY) – 23,510 & 29,000 mtrs.
The Itaipú Dam, hollow gravity dam on the Alto (Upper) Paraná River at the Brazil-Paraguay border. It is position north of the city of Ciudad del Este, Paraguay.In terms of power output, Itaipú Dam is one of the worldwide’s largest hydroelectric initiatives. Till the Itaipu hydroelectric dam project modified into completed there in 1982; the river once extended its mattress into a lake 2.Five miles huge and 4.5 miles lengthy, with Guaíra, Brazil, status on the southern shore.
10. BHAKRA (SUTLEJ, INDIA) – eight,002 & eight,002 mtrs.
The Bhakra-Nangal Dam, a 2d tallest dam in Asia after Tehri dam with a top of 207.26 meters approximately. The great dam in Asia to have a capability to deliver 1500 MW of energy lower returned in 2013. It is place in the border of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. The Bhakra dam is built on Sutlej River. The dam grow to be finish in 1963, and it become dedicate to the state via Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.Science Diplomacy and its Opportunities in Southeast Asia
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) is here. Artificial intelligence, 5G cellular networks, and Internet-of-Things-based devices, while still nascent, continue to fundamentally alter our personal and professional lives. While this change has long been predicted, the sudden onset of the pandemic only further revealed how states increasingly rely on technology to remain competitive. Southeast Asian nations, in particular, have noticed this opportunity and laid in motion various initiatives to turn the region into an innovative powerhouse, taking advantage of the opportunities these emerging technologies provide.
From Singapore, which is believed to be on the verge of becoming a new epicenter of technological development, to Vietnam, which aspires to become a leader in AI research and development, Southeast Asia appears poised as a pioneer in its embrace of twenty-first century innovation. Nevertheless, the IR4.0 is both a blessing and a curse. The inevitable global shift could increase the economic disparities both regionally and globally unless nations take the necessary measures to keep pace with the rapid, and often chaotic, change emerging technologies inevitably bring.
This rapid pace of technology development and innovation makes scientific collaboration between nations indispensable. Indeed, science diplomacy between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states in the wake of IR4.0 makes such cooperation ever more essential. Such information-sharing initiatives present the region with unique opportunities for shared growth, transformation, and success. Science diplomacy further provides opportunities for Southeast Asian nations to create mutual solutions to various complex and challenging problems, ones that prevent the individual states from realizing the true potential the advanced technology development capabilities provide them.
The technologically driven diplomacy does more than ensure the region remains competitive on the global stage. These programs have strengthened relations between Southeast Asian nations, bolstered ASEAN centrality, and allowed partnerships and cooperation with global juggernauts like Microsoft, Google, IBM, Intel, and Amazon. These companies—with their massive tech infrastructures—are increasingly interested, involved, and invested in the region. But these American companies do not have a monopoly. China has pledged increased technology cooperation with Brunei and Indonesia. China’s own tech juggernaut, Huawei, has signed memoranda of understanding with Cambodia and Singapore. Even Eurasian nations — including Italy and Russia — have diplomatic technology ties to Southeast Asia.
While these technology-based relations between ASEAN states and foreign actors benefit Southeast Asian technology development, they also risk domestic dependence on international entities. The geo-strategic implications of said dependence prove especially challenging for ASEAN when considered against the backdrop of increasingly tense technological competition between China and the West. From this perspective, foreign investment in Southeast Asia could be used as a tactic to further carve out an international sphere of influence and acquire new, or reinforce old, regional allies. For countries like Cambodia — which have technological ties to both China and the West — the situation is especially fraught. It remains paramount, then, that Southeast Asian countries collaborate both internally — with universities, corporations, and other institutions — and externally with other member-states. The necessity of building indigenous, sustainable, and robust ASEAN technology development structures will only increase in the coming decade.
IR4.0 is significantly impacting the private sector, and ASEAN states can benefit greatly from the engendered changes. Indeed, private corporations are increasingly integrating emerging technologies into their workstreams and business solutions; and start-ups based on robotics, AI, blockchain, and other emerging technologies are appearing all over Southeast Asia — as evidenced by Filipino-based start-ups Plentina and Expedock and Thai-based start-up Robowealth. In general, institutions across industries — including the financial, medical, and energy industries — are beginning to implement innovative, technology-based solutions.
For instance, in Indonesia, Pertamina — the nation’s largest state-owned energy company — is using AI and machine learning to derive deeper business insights; and BRI Group — one of the world’s largest micro-finance institutions — launched an AI platform to reduce the loan approval process. ASEAN states should leverage the resources of such institutions across industries to devise novel solutions to societal problems. Thailand’s AI Consortium and the Philippines’ SPARTA program provide good examples of what such a multi-industry partnership could look like. An ASEAN-wide partnership of the same nature would allow for even more fruitful and
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