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100
description
stringlengths
137
224
label
int64
0
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animal_type
stringclasses
3 values
parent_id
stringclasses
70 values
augmentation
stringclasses
4 values
is_augmented
bool
2 classes
text_hw1_d000
2
These smaller animals have characteristic dark circles around their eyes and are known for having “sentinel lookouts”. They live in large “mobs” in underground burrows, and eat scorpions.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d000
none
false
text_hw1_d001
3
These tree-dwelling animals have black and white banded tails giving them their namesake. They are present throughout Madagascar, are led by females, and are known for having “stink fights”.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d001
none
false
text_hw1_d003
5
These grey animals are one of the largest on land, with massive ears and a big trunk. They have ivory tusks and use their trunk to drink and move food to their mouth. Despite their size, they are generally passive.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d003
none
false
text_hw1_d004
6
This large cat has a fittingly large mane, and a famously loud roar. Mostly present in Africa. They exist in groups known as “prides”, with females doing most of the hunting.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d004
none
false
text_hw1_d006
8
These animals are the largest rodent. They are semi-aquatic, with webbed feet. They are grazers living in South America, and are famously tolerant of other species, often living in symbiotic relationships.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d006
none
false
text_hw1_d007
9
These animals are the smallest otters, with short and dexterous paws. They primarily eat crabs and shellfish and live in rivers and shallow marine areas in Asia. They live in family groups, and are highly vocal.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d007
none
false
text_hw1_d008
10
These famous animals are the largest primate, led by silverbacks. They walk on their knuckles, and will beat their chest to show off to others. They are primarily herbivores.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d008
none
false
text_hw1_d010
12
These famously lazy animals have two claws and a very slow metabolism. They are nocturnal, and spend most of their time sleeping while hanging upside down from trees.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d010
none
false
text_hw1_d012
14
These small animals have black-grey bodies with a white chest and a black chest band. They nest in guano burrows, and eat fish from the coast. They live primarily in Chile and Peru.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d012
none
false
text_hw1_d013
15
These grey animals are famously vocal, residing primarily along the California coast. They have external ear flaps and can rotate their hind flippers to walk. They are known for being highly trainable.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d013
none
false
text_hw1_d014
16
These small animals have distinct pink glands above their eyes and a black and white coat. They have a donkey-like call, and unique spots on their chest. They live primarily in Southern Africa.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d014
none
false
text_hw1_d015
17
These spotted animals are the tallest on land, with long necks containing only seven vertebrae. They have and long dark tongues, and each has a coat pattern unique to them.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d015
none
false
text_hw1_d016
18
These intelligent apes share most of their DNA with humans. They use tools such as sticks to fish for termites, and live in complex communities in Africa. They occasionally hunt monkeys.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d016
none
false
text_hw1_d017
19
These animals are the largest of their kind in the world, and lay the largest eggs. They have only two toes on each foot and can run at up to 40 mph. They live on the plains of Africa.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d017
none
false
text_hw1_d018
20
These small burrowing rodents live in huge colonies. They use complex alarm calls to warn each other of predators. They live in North American grasslands, and are considered a keystone species.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d018
none
false
text_hw1_d019
21
These animals have with narrow, closely packed black stripes and a white belly. They have large, rounded ears, and live in dry areas of Kenya and Ethiopia. They are known for having unique patterns for each individual.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d019
none
false
text_hw1_d020
22
These pigs have a bright rusty coat with white face markings and long tufted ears. They use their snouts to root for food in the forests of Central and West Africa, and live in small groups.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d020
none
false
text_hw1_d021
23
These wading animals are bright red, getting their color the crustaceans they eat. They have long, down-curved bills and live in large colonies in South America.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d021
none
false
text_hw1_d023
25
These fluffy animals were domesticated and bred for their soft fir. They communicate with each other by humming, and are famous for spitting at things that are irritating them.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d023
none
false
text_hw1_d024
26
These small marsupials have reddish fur around their neck and shoulders. They carry their young in a pouch and hop to get around. They live in Australia and are mostly solitary.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d024
none
false
text_hw1_d025
27
These animals have broad black and white strips, and live in large herds. They live in East Africa, and famously make large migrations across the Serengeti.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d025
none
false
text_hw1_d026
28
These pink animals have grey legs and distinct knees. They feed with their heads upside down to filter their food and build mud-mound nests. They live in lakes and wetlands in South America.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d026
none
false
text_hw1_d028
30
These pink animals are the largest flamingo, with pale pink feathers and a pink bill with a black tip. They often rest on a single leg. They are found across most of Eurasia and Africa.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d028
none
false
text_hw1_d030
32
These white animals are the largest land carnivore. Under their fur is black skin that absorbs heat. They hunt seals from the sea ice of the Arctic, and are the only animal that will actively hunt humans.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d030
none
false
text_hw1_d032
34
These tortoises are the largest found on mainland Africa, with large spurs on their back legs. They dig deep burrows to escape the heat, and eat grasses and plants.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d032
none
false
text_hw1_d034
36
These large white animals have a big throat pouch for catching fish, and black flight feathers. They often fish together in groups, and soar for long distances. They live in Africa, Europe and Asia.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d034
none
false
text_hw1_d038
40
These large rodents look like a cross between a rabbit and a deer, with long legs. They pair for life, and raise their young in shared nurseries. They live in the grasslands of Argentina.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d038
none
false
text_hw1_d039
41
These huge grey animals spend most of the day in water, and produce a red viscous liquid. They can't swim, and walking along riverbeds instead. They have huge tusks, and are closely related to whales.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d039
none
false
text_hw1_d040
42
These spotted animals live in large clans led by females. They have powerful jaws that can crush bone, and are famous for their laughing calls.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d040
none
false
text_hw1_d041
43
These small apes have a ring of white fur around their faces, and white hands and feet. They swing through trees using their long arms, and sing loudly in pairs. They live in Southeast Asia.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d041
none
false
text_hw1_d044
46
These large, flightless animals are the second tallest in the world, and can run at up to 30 mph. Males incubate the dark green eggs and raise the chicks. They are found throughout Australia.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d044
none
false
text_hw1_d045
47
These dogs have coats unique to each individual, with large round ears. They live and hunt in packs, and are one of the most successful hunters in Africa.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d045
none
false
text_hw1_d046
48
These grey animals have a black mask around their eyes and a ringed tail. They have sensitive paws and will eat almost anything. They live in North America, often around human settlement.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d046
none
false
text_hw1_d047
49
These small monkeys have a crest of long white hair on their heads. They usually give birth to twins, with fathers doing most of the carrying. They only live in Colombia.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d047
none
false
text_hw1_d048
50
These small, round animals have dark, glossy feathers and red skin around their eyes. Males have a bushy red crest on their heads. They live in forests in Southeast Asia.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d048
none
false
text_hw1_d049
51
These tiny antelope have long, flexible snouts that help them keep cool. They live in pairs, marking territory with dung piles. Only males have horns. They live in East Africa.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d049
none
false
text_hw1_d050
52
These grey cats have thick grey coats and long tails used for balance and warmth. They have wide and furry paws that act like snowshoes. They live in the mountains of Central Asia, and can't roar.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d050
none
false
text_hw1_d051
53
These animals are the only deer where all individuals grow antlers. Their eyes change color with the seasons, and they are famously associated with Christmas. They live in the Arctic.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d051
none
false
text_hw1_d053
55
These large brown animals are the heaviest land animal in North America, with a large shoulder hump. They were nearly hunted to extinction in the 1800s, and are known for rolling in the dirt.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d053
none
false
text_hw1_d054
56
These animals are the largest forest antelope, with a tan coat and thin white stripes. They are shy and have long spiral horns. They live in the forests of Central and West Africa.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d054
none
false
text_hw1_d056
58
These tortoises have bright red or orange scales on their legs, and a dark shell with yellow centers. They eat mostly fruit, and live in the forests and grasslands of South America.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d056
none
false
text_hw1_d059
61
These animals are the largest lizard, growing up to 10 ft long. They have venom glands in their jaws, and females can reproduce without males. They live on a few Indonesian islands.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d059
none
false
text_hw1_d060
62
These monkeys are the largest in the world, and males have a bright red and blue face and rump. They live in large groups called "hordes”, and have long, sharp teeth. They live in Central Africa.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d060
none
false
text_hw1_d061
63
These spotted cats are the largest in the Americas, with spots that have spots inside them. They have a powerful bite and are strong swimmers. Some are born completely black.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d061
none
false
text_hw1_d062
64
These animals are found only in Vietnam. Males are a glossy blue-black, with a white crest and red skin on their face. They are extremely rare, and may now be extinct in the wild.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d062
none
false
text_hw1_d063
65
These animals have a long snout and sticky tongue for eating ants and termites. They use their powerful claws for digging, and are active at night. They live in Africa.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d063
none
false
text_hw1_d064
66
These dark brown animals are one of the largest of their type, with a wingspan of up to 10 ft. They nest in trees and can tear through tough skin. They live across Europe and Asia.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d064
none
false
text_hw1_d065
67
These large, flightless animals have a hard bump on their heads and a blue neck with red wattles. They have highly sharp claws, and males raise the chicks. They live in Australia and New Guinea.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d065
none
false
text_hw1_d066
68
These animals have green and copper feathers, long neck feathers, and a white tail. They are the closest living relative of the dodo, and live on islands in Southeast Asia.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d066
none
false
text_hw1_d067
69
These white animals have a black neck and a bright red patch on their heads. Pairs mate for life and dance in pairs. They live in East Asia.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d067
none
false
text_hw1_d068
70
These animals have blue backs and bright yellow chests. They use their beaks to crack nuts, and can live for around 60 years. They are famous for mimicking sounds. They live in South American rainforests.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d068
none
false
text_hw1_d069
71
These small monkeys have rusty fur. Pairs are known to intertwine their tails when sitting together. Fathers are primary caretakers for babies. They live in the Amazon rainforest.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d069
none
false
text_hw1_d070
72
These spotted cats have the longest leg to body ratio of any cat, and very large ears. They jump to catch birds and rodents, and are highly successful hunters. They live in African wetlands.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d070
none
false
text_hw1_d072
74
These white animals have blue skin around their eyes and black tips on their wings and tail. They live only on the island of Bali. They have often been illegally traded as pets.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d072
none
false
text_hw1_d073
75
These white antelope have characteristic twisted horns and have wide hooves for walking on sand. They only rarely need to drink, as they get water from plants.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d073
none
false
text_hw1_d074
76
These small animals have dark bands across their backs. They live in large groups and give birth at the same time. Adults keep watch over children, and they are famous for removing ticks from warthogs.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d074
none
false
text_hw1_d075
77
These large white animals have black wing feathers and a red bill and legs. They communicate by clattering their bills, and migrate between Europe and Africa. They are famous for fictionally delivering babies.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d075
none
false
text_hw1_d077
79
These animals are famous for the large plumage of eye-spotted feathers, which males fan out to attract females. Females are brown and green. They have loud calls.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d077
none
false
text_hw1_d078
80
These grey animals are covered in white spots, with a bare blue and red head and a bony knob on top. They live in flocks on the ground, are known for eating ticks, and are found in Africa.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d078
none
false
text_hw1_d080
82
These animals have a broad, U-shaped snout, with their lower teeth hidden when their mouth is closed. They make loud bellowing calls, and nest temperature decides the sex of their young.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d080
none
false
text_hw1_d081
83
These animals are the largest living reptile, and have the strongest bite ever measured. They can travel long distances at sea, and are ambush predators. They live in Southeast Asia and Australia.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d081
none
false
text_hw1_d082
84
These animals have a very long, thin snout for catching fish. Males have a large growth on the end of their snout. They live in rivers in India and Nepal.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d082
none
false
text_hw1_d083
85
These animals are named after the green color of their body fat. Adults mainly eat seagrass, and migrate long distances to nest on the beach where they hatched.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d083
none
false
text_hw1_d084
86
These animals look like a pile of dead leaves, with a flat, triangular head. They use their nose like a snorkel to breathe, and suck prey into their mouths. They live in the Amazon.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d084
none
false
text_hw1_d085
87
These animals look like lizards, but are the last of an ancient group of reptiles. They live only in New Zealand, have a "third eye" on their head, and can live for over 100 years.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d085
none
false
text_hw1_d088
90
These animals have a large frill around their neck, which they open when threatened. They can run on their back legs, and spend most of their time in trees. They live in northern Australia.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d088
none
false
text_hw1_d089
91
These venomous animals have beaded pink and black skin. They chew their venom into prey and store fat in their tails. A diabetes drug was developed from their saliva. They live in the Southwest US and Mexico.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d089
none
false
text_hw1_d092
94
These small animals have crests above their eyes that look like eyelashes. They have no eyelids, lick their eyes to clean them, and have sticky toes. They were thought to be extinct until 1994.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d092
none
false
text_hw1_d094
96
These animals are the longest of their kind in the world, and mainly eat snakes. They display a “hood” and growl when threatened, and females build nests for their eggs. They live in South and Southeast Asia.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d094
none
false
text_hw1_d098
100
These rusty animals have black bordered blotches and a checkered belly. They are harmless constrictors that help control rodents. They live in the Southeast US, and are common pets.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d098
none
false
text_hw1_d000__int_swaps_v0
2
These smlaler animals have characteristic dark circles around their eyes and are known for having “sentinel lookouts”. They lvie in large “mbos” in underground burrows, and eat scorpions.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d000
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d001__int_swaps_v0
3
Thsee tree-dwelling animals have black and white banded tails gviing them their namesake. They are present trhoughout Madagascar, are led by females, and are known for having “stink fights”.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d001
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d003__int_swaps_v0
5
These grey animals are one of the largest on lnad, with massive ears and a big turnk. They have ivory tusks and use their trunk to drink and move food to their mouth. Despite their szie, they are generally passive.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d003
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d004__int_swaps_v0
6
Tihs lagre cat has a fittingly large mane, and a famously loud roar. Mostly prseent in Africa. They exist in groups known as “prides”, with females doing most of the hunting.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d004
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d006__int_swaps_v0
8
These animals are the largest roednt. They are semi-aquatic, with webbed feet. They are garzers living in South America, and are famously tolerant of other species, otfen living in symbiotic relationships.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d006
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d007__int_swaps_v0
9
These animals are the smallest otters, with short and dexterous paws. They primarily eat crabs and shlelfish and lvie in rivers and shallow marine areas in Asia. They lvie in family groups, and are highly vocal.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d007
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d008__int_swaps_v0
10
These fmaous animals are the largest pirmate, led by silverbacks. They walk on their knuckles, and wlil beat their chest to show off to others. They are primarily herbivores.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d008
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d010__int_swaps_v0
12
These famously lazy animals hvae two claws and a very slow metabolism. They are nocturnal, and spend most of tehir time slepeing while hanging upside down from trees.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d010
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d012__int_swaps_v0
14
These small animals have black-gery bodies with a wihte chest and a black chest band. They nest in gunao burrows, and eat fish from the coast. They live primarily in Chile and Peru.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d012
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d013__int_swaps_v0
15
These grey animals are famously vocal, residing primarily along the California coast. Tehy have external ear flaps and can rotate their hind filppers to walk. They are known for benig highly trainable.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d013
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d014__int_swaps_v0
16
These small animals have distinct pink glands above their eyes and a black and whtie coat. They have a donkey-like call, and unique spots on tehir chest. They live primarily in Soutehrn Africa.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d014
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d015__int_swaps_v0
17
These soptted animals are the tallest on land, with long necks containing only seevn veretbrae. They have and long dark tongues, and each has a coat pattern unique to them.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d015
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d016__int_swaps_v0
18
These intelligent apes share most of their DNA with humans. They use tools scuh as sticks to fish for terimtes, and live in complex commuinties in Africa. They occasionally hunt monkeys.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d016
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d017__int_swaps_v0
19
Thsee animals are the largset of their kind in the world, and lay the largest eggs. They hvae only two toes on each foot and can run at up to 40 mph. They live on the plains of Africa.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d017
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d018__int_swaps_v0
20
These small burrowing rodents live in huge colonies. They use cmoplex alarm clals to warn each other of predators. They live in North American grsaslands, and are considered a keystone species.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d018
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d019__int_swaps_v0
21
These animals have with narrow, closely packed black stripes and a white belly. They hvae large, rounded ears, and live in dry areas of Kenya and Ethioipa. They are known for having unique patterns for each indivdiual.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d019
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d020__int_swaps_v0
22
These pgis have a brihgt rusty coat with white face markings and long tufted eras. They use their snouts to root for food in the forests of Central and West Africa, and live in small groups.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d020
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d021__int_swaps_v0
23
These wading animals are bright red, gettnig their color the crustaceans they eat. They hvae long, down-curved bills and lvie in large colonies in South America.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d021
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d023__int_swaps_v0
25
These fulffy aniamls were domestciated and bred for their soft fir. They communicate with each other by humming, and are famous for spitting at things that are irritating them.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d023
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d024__int_swaps_v0
26
These small marsupilas have reddish fur around their ncek and shoulders. They carry their young in a pouch and hop to get aronud. They live in Australia and are mostly solitary.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d024
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d025__int_swaps_v0
27
These animals have braod black and white strips, and live in lrage herds. Tehy live in East Africa, and famously make large migrations across the Serengeti.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d025
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d026__int_swaps_v0
28
These pink animals have grey legs and distinct knees. They feed with their heads upside down to filetr thier food and build mud-mound netss. They live in lakes and wetlands in South America.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d026
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d028__int_swaps_v0
30
These pink animals are the largest flmaingo, with pale pink feathers and a pnik bill with a black tip. Tehy often rest on a single leg. They are found across most of Eurasia and Africa.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d028
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d030__int_swaps_v0
32
These white aniamls are the lragest land carnivore. Under their fur is black skin that absorbs heat. They hunt seals from the sea ice of the Artcic, and are the only animal that will actively hunt humans.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d030
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d032__int_swaps_v0
34
These tortoises are the largest found on mainland Africa, with large suprs on their back legs. They dig deep burrows to escpae the heat, and eat garsses and plants.
2
Reptile
text_hw1_d032
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d034__int_swaps_v0
36
These large whtie animals have a big throat puoch for catching fsih, and black flight feathers. They often fish together in groups, and soar for long distances. They live in Africa, Europe and Asia.
1
Bird
text_hw1_d034
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d038__int_swaps_v0
40
These large rdoents look like a cross between a rabbit and a deer, with long legs. They pair for life, and raise thier yuong in shared nurseries. They live in the grasslands of Argentina.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d038
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d039__int_swaps_v0
41
These huge gery animals spend most of the day in water, and proudce a red viscous liquid. They can't swim, and walking along rivebreds instead. They have huge tusks, and are closely related to whales.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d039
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d040__int_swaps_v0
42
Thsee spotted animals live in large clans led by females. They have powerful jaws taht can crush bone, and are famuos for their laughing calls.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d040
internal_character_swaps
true
text_hw1_d041__int_swaps_v0
43
Thsee small apes have a ring of white fur around their faces, and white hands and feet. They swing through trees uisng their long arms, and sing loudly in pairs. They live in Souhteast Asia.
0
Mammal
text_hw1_d041
internal_character_swaps
true
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Animal Descriptions Dataset

pcwoods/2026-animaldescription-text-dataset

This dataset contains descriptions of various popular zoo animals labeled by type. Types are limited to Mammal, Bird, or Reptile for simplicity.

Source

Descriptions were hand-written based on popular zoo animals from https://zootrack.me/animals/popular. Facts about each animal for descriptions were identified using AI tools.

Fields

Field Meaning
description Text description of the animal
label Numeric label (0: Mammal, 1: Bird, 2: Reptile)
animal_type Readable label name
is_augmented Flag for synthetic data

Splits

Split Original rows Synthetic rows Total rows
train 70 1000 1070
validation 15 0 15
test 15 0 15

Augmentation and preprocessing

Character rate in this run: 30% of eligible words, capped at 3 words per description. The corpus contains 70 distinct original training descriptions.

Each method independently starts from an original training description; transformations are not stacked.

  • Internal character swaps: swap adjacent internal characters in selected words.

  • Internal character deletions: delete one internal character from selected words.

  • WordNet synonym replacement: replace one word with a WordNet synonym.

Method Generated rows
internal_character_swaps 334
internal_character_deletions 333
wordnet_synonym_replacement 333

Load and compare

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("pcwoods/2026-animaldescription-text-dataset")
# Train with ds["train"], choose settings with ds["validation"], then score ds["test"].

AI Use

Generative AI was used for identifying animal facts to create descriptions from, as well as for structuring some descriptions and in the programming process to prepare this dataset.

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Models trained or fine-tuned on pcwoods/2026-animaldescription-text-dataset