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airline
base
best
eval
17
0
0
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" } ]
<tool_call> {"name": "respond_user", "arguments": {"text": "I can help \u2014 first I need your user ID so I can find your May 10 ORD\u2192PHL flight. After that I\u2019ll locate the exact flight you took and confirm details before booking the one-way on 2024-05-26. Questions while I look it up: (1) Is this booking for...
[ "I need to get the user's ID to find their flight details. I should first check if I already have a user ID. If not, I need to ask the user for it." ]
[ 0.10337483516345927 ]
[ 0.10337483516345927 ]
[ 38 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
1
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "get_user_details", "arguments": {"user_id": "sophia_silva_7557"}} </tool_call>
[ "I need to find the user's details to get information about their trip on May 10. I should fetch the user's details based on the provided user ID." ]
[ 0.6165823799563408 ]
[ 0.6165823799563408 ]
[ 34 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
2
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "get_reservation_details", "arguments": {"reservation_id": "NM1VX1"}} </tool_call>
[ "I need to fetch the details of the reservation with ID NM1VX1 to see if it has the trip dates. I will call the function with the reservation ID as the parameter." ]
[ 0.9868357893132624 ]
[ 0.9868357893132624 ]
[ 38 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
3
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "get_reservation_details", "arguments": {"reservation_id": "KC18K6"}} </tool_call>
[ "I need to get the reservation details for reservation_id KC18K6 to get more information on it." ]
[ 0.9997351078971394 ]
[ 0.9997351078971394 ]
[ 22 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
4
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "get_reservation_details", "arguments": {"reservation_id": "S61CZX"}} </tool_call>
[ "I need to fetch the details of the reservation with ID S61CZX. I need to get the reservation details based on the provided reservation ID." ]
[ 0.9665649118838847 ]
[ 0.9665649118838847 ]
[ 31 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
5
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "get_reservation_details", "arguments": {"reservation_id": "H8Q05L"}} </tool_call>
[ "I need to get the details of reservation_id H8Q05L to get more information about it." ]
[ 0.9998511953044115 ]
[ 0.9998511953044115 ]
[ 22 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
6
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "get_reservation_details", "arguments": {"reservation_id": "WUNA5K"}} </tool_call>
[ "I need to fetch details for the reservation with ID WUNA5K to retrieve more details about it. I need to get reservation details using the provided reservation ID." ]
[ 0.9869128203729975 ]
[ 0.9869128203729975 ]
[ 34 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
7
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "search_direct_flight", "arguments": {"origin": "ORD", "destination": "PHL", "date": "2024-05-26"}} </tool_call>
[ "I need to search for a direct flight from ORD to PHL on May 26. I'll call the search_direct_flight function with the origin, destination, and date as parameters." ]
[ 0.9973599573300259 ]
[ 0.9973599573300259 ]
[ 38 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
8
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "respond_user", "arguments": {"text": "I found your May 10 ORD\u2192PHL flight: flight HAT271 (economy) on 2024-05-10. I can book the same flight number (HAT271) on 2024-05-26. Please review the booking details below and confirm (reply with \u201cyes\u201d to proceed). Also tell me which payment me...
[ "I need to get the user's details to retrieve information about their trip on May 10. I will fetch the user details using the user ID provided." ]
[ 0.35782730063542284 ]
[ 0.35782730063542284 ]
[ 32 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
9
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "book_reservation", "arguments": {"user_id": "sophia_silva_7557", "origin": "ORD", "destination": "PHL", "flight_type": "one_way", "cabin": "economy", "flights": [{"flight_number": "HAT271", "date": "2024-05-26"}], "passengers": [{"first_name": "Sophia", "last_name": "Silva", "dob": "1957-10-05"}, ...
[ "I need to book a reservation with the details provided. I will call the book_reservation function with the required parameters." ]
[ 0.7689335569000217 ]
[ 0.7689335569000217 ]
[ 23 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
10
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "respond_user", "arguments": {"text": "Your booking is confirmed. Reservation ID: HATHAT\n\nSummary:\n- User ID: sophia_silva_7557\n- Reservation ID: HATHAT\n- Trip: One-way ORD \u2192 PHL on 2024-05-26\n- Flight: HAT271, depart 19:00 EST / arrive 21:00 EST\n- Cabin: economy\n- Passengers:\n 1) So...
[ "I need to confirm the user's booking with the details provided in the reservation. I will create a response to inform the user about their booking." ]
[ 0.4112929342280026 ]
[ 0.4112929342280026 ]
[ 29 ]
0
airline
base
best
eval
17
0
11
You are a helpful customer service agent. <policy> # Airline Agent Policy The current time is 2024-05-15 15:00:00 EST. As an airline agent, you can help users **book**, **modify**, or **cancel** flight reservations. You also handle **refunds and compensation**. Before taking any actions that update the booking data...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hi! I’d like to book a one-way flight from Chicago O’Hare (ORD) to Philadelphia (PHL) on May 26. I want the exact same flight I took on May 10 from ORD to PHL. Can you help me with that?" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"respond_user\"...
<tool_call> {"name": "transfer_to_human_agents", "arguments": {"summary": "User sophia_silva_7557 (reservation HATHAT) requests seat assignments for two passengers (Sophia Silva DOB 1957-10-05 and Kevin Smith DOB 2001-04-12) on flight HAT271 on 2024-05-26. They want an aisle and a middle seat together. Seat assignment ...
[ "I need to transfer the user to a human agent to handle the seat assignment request. I'll call the transfer_to_human_agents function with the user's request details." ]
[ 0.3804142750130705 ]
[ 0.3804142750130705 ]
[ 33 ]
0
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Act-PRM SFT thoughts — tau2-bench airline

Act-PRM (Action Process Reward Models) infers the latent thoughts behind logged, action-only agent demonstrations via an offline EM. For each logged action x in state s we sample G=4 candidate thoughts z, score each by the length-penalized action likelihood

reward(z) = p(x | s, z)

(len_frac grows with the thought's token length), and mark the best thought (argmax reward). The (thought + action) span is then what downstream SFT / RL trains on.

This dataset publishes the full E-step: every one of the G sampled thoughts per logged action, each with its reward, likelihood (p(x|s,z)) and thought_tokens, plus the best_index. That is, it is not reduced to the top-1 — you can re-derive top-1, top-half, EM-weighted, or any other selection downstream (see below).

Variants (files / splits)

file / split scorer em_checkpoint relabel run
base_best.jsonl base best airline_s1relabel_base_adamw30
  • scorer — which model computed p(x|s,z) in the E-step: the trained policy LoRA, or the frozen base model (--score_with_base).
  • em_checkpoint — which EM training checkpoint the scorer was resumed from: the best-metric step, or the last step.

Every row also carries scorer / em_checkpoint columns, so you can also concatenate the files and filter.

Note: train-split rows have the full G=4 sampled thoughts; the held-out eval-split rows were relabeled with a single sample (G=1), so their thoughts/rewards lists have length 1 and best_index == 0.

Schema (one row per relabel-variant x logged action-step)

field type meaning
domain str {domain}
scorer str policy or base
em_checkpoint str best or last
split str train or eval (eval = held-out; G=1)
uid str/int source trajectory id
sample_id int dataloader sample id within the relabel pass
timestep int index of this action among the trajectory's actions
system_prompt str the agent system prompt
messages list[{role, content}] state s: context up to (not incl.) the action
target_action str the logged ground-truth action x (a <tool_call>...</tool_call>)
thoughts list[str] the G sampled candidate thoughts z
likelihoods list[float] `p(x
rewards list[float] length-penalized reward for each thought
thought_tokens list[int] token length of each thought
best_index int argmax-reward thought index

Selecting thoughts

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("mzio/aprm-sft-thoughts-tau2-airline-base_best-adamw30-lp0", split="policy_best")   # or base_best / policy_last / base_last
row = ds[0]

# top-1 (what the paper's SFT commits): the best length-penalized thought
top1 = row["thoughts"][row["best_index"]]
assert row["rewards"][row["best_index"]] == max(row["rewards"])

# the SFT target span is thought + action:
sft_target = top1 + "\n\n" + row["target_action"]

# top-half: keep the thoughts whose reward is in the top 50%
import numpy as np
order = np.argsort(row["rewards"])[::-1]
top_half = [row["thoughts"][i] for i in order[: max(1, len(order) // 2)]]

# EM weights: group-normalized (softmax-like) weights over all G thoughts,
# e.g. a temperature-1 softmax over rewards (or normalize exp(likelihood)):
import math
r = row["rewards"]
Z = sum(math.exp(x) for x in r)
em_weights = [math.exp(x) / Z for x in r]   # weight every (thought+action) span

Provenance

Generated by Act-PRM Stage-1 relabel passes over tau2-bench airline expert demonstrations (no_train generate-only passes), model hf_qwen3_4b_instruct, group_size=4, length_penalty=0.0. The held-out RL-eval tasks are excluded. Built with scripts/export_sft_dataset_hf.py.

The LoRA that scored p(x | s, z) was itself trained by the Stage-1 EM:

EM setting value
optimizer adamw
learning_rate 4e-05
num_batches 30
advantage_mode action_probs
length_penalty 0.0
lora_config r32_a32_linear
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