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30802
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/INkanyihwe
INkanyihwe
i- 10. INkanyihwe iwuhowo lwekhethelo. INkanyihwe iwuhowo oluChwenye olungenambala, naphunga, olungasebenzi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, olunesiluthe somoya esicishe sibe okubili kokuthathu. Yatholwa (kanye nomKhalahwe neXhwe) ngowe-1898 njengenye yezinto ezintathu ezisalayo ezingavamile ezingasebenzi ezisele emoyeni owomile,
nomcalahle . INkanyihwe ingeyesibili kulolo howo oluthathu olungavamile ukutholwa futhi iqashelwa ngokushesha njengento entsha evela kumungco yawo ebomvu ekhiphayo. INkanyihwe iyisiqa esingasebenzi, futhi ayikho ixube
30805
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMnyango%20wezokuXhumana%20nezobuChwepheshe%20bezeziBhangqiwe
UMnyango wezokuXhumana nezobuChwepheshe bezeziBhangqiwe
Ntshavheni isekela lakhe kungu-Philly Mapulane. Ngowezi-2014 UMongameli uJacob Zuma waqamba kabusha uMnyango wezokuXhumana wawubiza uMnyango wezokuXhumakude neziNkonzo zePosi, ngesikhathi esifanayo wakhanda uMnyango wezokuXhumana omusha onezibopho ezihlukile, ezihlanganisa nokulumba. NgoNhlangulana 2019 UMongameli Cyril Ramaphosa wamemezela ukuthi yomibili leminyango izohlanganiswa yakhe uMnyango wezokuXhumana nezobuChwepheshe bezeziBhangqiwe.
zePosi kanye noMnyango wezokuXhumana ) ungomunye weminyango kahulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika. Yiwona obhekele ezokuxhumana, ezokuxhumanade nezezimboni zokusakaza eNingizimu Afrika. Inhloko yezombusazwe yomnyango uNgqongqoshe wezokuXhumana nezobuChwepheshe bezeziBhangqiwe, unesekela likangqongqoshe elimsizayo. NgoMasingana 2023 ungqongoshe walomnyango bekunguKhumbudzo Ntshavheni isekela lakhe kungu-Philly
30807
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isiphandla%20seNingizimu%20Afrika
Isiphandla seNingizimu Afrika
2000. Lolushintsho lwakhwentuza inhloso kahulumeni yokuqhakambisa ushintsho lwentando yeningi eNingizimu Afrika kanye nomuzwa omusha wokushisekela izwe. Isiphandla siwuhide lwezici ezihlelwe ngemimo esaqanda noma emakhophelana emiswe omunye phezu komunye. Uhlaka oluphelele lwesiphandla luhlanganisa lemimo emakhophelana ongaphansi nongaphezulu kube uphawu lokuzwana. Umkhondo oxhumanisa unqenqema olusezansi lomqulu, ngemigqa yamazinyo, okunempelamehlo nokuphuma kwelanga ngaphezulu, wakha umumo weqanda lomkhathi lapho kuvela khona intinginono. Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, lokhu kusho ukuzalwa kabusha komoya wezwe elikhulu nelobuqhawe laseNingizimu Afrika. Isiphandla sibuye sisebenze njengoMgqabo woMbusobala, ngokwesiko okungumqwamba ophakeme woMbuso. Igunya eliphelele linikezwa zonke izincwadi ngesinyatheliso soMgqabo woMbusobala kuzo, okusho ukuthi zivunyelwe UMongameli waseNingizimu Afrika. Kodwa kusuka ngowe-1997 ukusetshenziswa koMgqabo woMbusobala awukaze ube
uma sihunyushwa sisho ukuthi "ukubumbana kwabantu abahlukene". isiqubulo esandulele, esibhalwe bgesilathini sasithi Ex Unitate Vires, esihunyuswa sithi "kubumbano, kunezikhwepha". uMlando Inqubo yokuklama isiphandla yaqalwa ngonyaka we-1999, uMnyango wezobuCiko, iSiko, iNzululwazi nezobuChwepheshe wafaka isicelo samasu wokwakha isiphandla esisha emphakathini. Khona kwalungiswa isifenyezo esisekwe emaswini wesiphandla amukelwe avela emphakathini, kanye nezimvo zeBandla eliyisigungu. Khona Isimiso sikaHulumeni sokuXhumana noKwaziswa sasondela ku-Design South Africa ukuze sazise abaklami abayishumi abaphezulu. Kwakhetha
30809
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IHollywood%20Roosevelt%20Ihhotela
IHollywood Roosevelt Ihhotela
njenge-California Historical Landmark ngo-1985. Ihhotela lisetshenziswe njengendawo yokuqopha amamuvi amaningi nezinhlelo zethelevishini, okuhlanganisa i-'The Last Tycoon, The Bodyguard, kanye ne-Entourage. Ihhotela liphinde libe neqoqo lezithombe zomlando zezithombe ezingaphezu kuka-100,000 kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1920 kuya ko-1960. Ihhotela liphinde libe namachibi okubhukuda amabili, elinye liyichibi elingaphakathi endlini kanti elinye liyichibi elingaphandle, okwakuyichibi lokuqala elakhiwa ehhotela. Ihhotela linendawo ye-spa, isikhungo sokuzilolonga, nezinketho zokudlela ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa nendawo yokudlela edumile ye-hamburger engu-25 Degrees. Izinganekwane zesipoki Ihhotela kuthiwa ligcwele imimoya eminingi. Enye eyaziwa kakhulu ngekaMontgomery Clift, umlingisi owahlala egumbini 928 ngenkathi eqopha ifilimu ethi "From Here to Eternity." Izivakashi zibike ukuthi zibona isipoki sakhe esibukweni futhi zizwa ukuba khona egumbini. Esinye isipoki okuthiwa sihlasela ihhotela ngekaMarilyn Monroe, owayehlala ehhotela iminyaka emibili ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe. Izivakashi nabasebenzi babike ukuthi babone isipoki sakhe ephasishi nasesibukweni sesaluni yobuhle yehhotela. Isipoki sikaConrad Hilton ongumsunguli waleli hhotela kuthiwa sike sabonwa ehhotela, kukhona nengane eyisipoki nenja yesipoki. Isimo
kuze kube namuhla. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngehhotela Ihhotela laseHollywood Roosevelt laklanywa umdwebi wamapulani u-Leland A. Bryant futhi lakhiwa ngezindleko zamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-2.5. Ekuqaleni leli hhotela lalinamagumbi ezivakashi angu-300, izingadi ezimbili eziphezu kophahla, idamu lokubhukuda negumbi lokudlala. Igumbi elidumile lehhotela elithi Blossom Room lalisetshenziswa njengesitudiyo sikamabonakude ngeminyaka yawo-1950 nawo-1960, liphatha izinhlelo ezifana ne-The Merv Griffin Show kanye ne-'The Red Skelton Show. Iklabhu yasebusuku yehhotela i- Cinegrill yayiyindawo edumile yosaziwayo ngeminyaka yawo-1930s kanye nawo-1940s, futhi yayidlala imidlalo yezinganekwane ze-jazz ezifana noDuke Ellington noBillie Holiday. Iklabhu yasebusuku yehhotela elithi Tropicana bekungenye indawo edumile yosaziwayo ngeminyaka yawo-1950s kanye nawo-1960s, futhi yayihlanganisa imidlalo ka-Frank Sinatra no-Dean Martin. Ihhotela lafakwa kuRejista Kazwelonke Yezindawo Zomlando ngo-1979 futhi
30810
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMunge
UMunge
UMunge iduna elingokwemvelo
elingokwemvelo elingaphakathi futhi elikhulu
30811
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UZimvalo
UZimvalo
ayizinyanga zikaNotshezi, elinye nguMunge.
kwamabili ayizinyanga zikaNotshezi,
30816
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isigaba%20sesithoba%20soMthethosisekelo%20waseNingizimu%20Afrika
Isigaba sesithoba soMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika
unelungelo elilinganayo lokuvikelwa ngumthetho nokusizakala ngomthetho. (2) Ukulingana kumbandakanya ukuthokozela onke amalungelo nenkululeko ngokugcwele nangokulingana. Ukuze kukhuthazwe ukulingana, kungahle kuthathwe izinyathelo zomithetho nezinye ezenzelwe ukuthi kuvikelwe noma kuthuthukiswe abantu noma imikhakha yabantu, abancishiselwe amathuba ngenxa yobandlululo olungafanele. (3) Umbuso ungebandlulule umuntu ngokungafanele, ngendlela esobala noma ngendlela ecashile, ngesizathu noma ngezizathu ezimbandakanya ukubandlulula ngokobuhlanga, ubulili, ukukhulelwa, isimo somuntu kwezomshado, ubuzwe noma umphakathi umuntu adabuka kuwo, ibala, ubulili umuntu azifanisa noma afaniswa nabo, iminyaka, kukhubazeka, inkolo, unembeza, inkolelo, isiko, ulimi kanye nokuzalwa. (4) Akekho umuntu ovunyelwe ukubandlulula omunye ngokungafanele ngendlela esobala noma
Uvimbela kokubili ukucwaswa nguhulumeni kanye nokucwaswa ngabantu abazimele; nokho, uphinde uvumele ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuze kulungiswe ukucwasa okungalungile okwedlule. Amalungelo abantu eNingizimu Afrika uMbhalo Ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "ukulingana" lesi sigaba sithi: 9. (1) Wonke umuntu uyalingana phambi komthetho, futhi unelungelo elilinganayo lokuvikelwa ngumthetho nokusizakala ngomthetho. (2) Ukulingana kumbandakanya ukuthokozela onke amalungelo nenkululeko ngokugcwele nangokulingana. Ukuze kukhuthazwe ukulingana, kungahle kuthathwe izinyathelo
30817
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isifakazelo%20sokuzalwa
Isifakazelo sokuzalwa
esiqopha ukuzalwa komuntu. Ibizo elithi "isifakazelo sokuzalwa" lingabhekisela encwadini yokuqala efakazela izimo zokuzalwa noma kwisifaniselo esifakazelwe esiwumohumela wokubhaliswa kwalokho kuzalwa. Kuye nangezifunda, isiqoshwa sokuzalwa
eLondolozekayo yeZizwe eziBumbene ye-17, eyingxenye eyinhloko yohlu lwezenzo 2030, inomgcibisho wokukhulisa ukutholakala ngesikhathi kwemininingo emayelana neminyaka, ubulili, ubuzwe nezinye izici
30818
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isifakazelo%20somshado
Isifakazelo somshado
abantu ababili bashadile. Ezifundeni eziningi, isifakazelo somshado sikhishwa isisebenzi sikahulumeni kuphela ngemuva kokubhaliswa komshado. Kwezinye izifunda, isifakazelo somshado siyisiqoshwa esisemthethweni sokuthi abantu ababili bawenzile
kuphela ngemuva kokubhaliswa komshado. Kwezinye izifunda, isifakazelo somshado siyisiqoshwa esisemthethweni sokuthi abantu ababili bawenzile umgidi womgcagco. Kwezinye izifunda, imvume yomshado inezinkongo ezimbili, eyokuqala ukuvumela umshado ukuba wenzeke
30819
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isifakazelo%20sokufa
Isifakazelo sokufa
yokwelapha eshoyo ukuthi umuntu ufe nini, noma incwadi ekhishwe ihhovisi lokubhaliswa kwabantu likahulumeni, eveza usuku, indawo nembangela yokufa komuntu, njengoba zibhaliwe encwadini ebhalisa izifo. Isifakazelo sokufa esisemthethweni
sokufa kungaba incwadi engokomthetho ekhishwe inyanga yokwelapha eshoyo ukuthi umuntu ufe nini, noma incwadi ekhishwe ihhovisi lokubhaliswa kwabantu likahulumeni, eveza usuku, indawo nembangela yokufa komuntu, njengoba zibhaliwe encwadini ebhalisa izifo. Isifakazelo sokufa esisemthethweni
30823
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indlozabukhoma
Indlozabukhoma
noma ukudloza) iwukwaluswa kokucondoza, ukwalusa kobuqhebeqhebe obuningi, noma ukwaluswa kokwaziswa ngenjongo yokuqoqa ukwaziswa, ukuthonya, noma ukuqondisa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqapha buqamama ngokusebenzisa izinguxa zamazuba ezifana umabonakude wentandelo (closed-circuit television (CCTV)), noma iseqelo (interception) sokwaziswa okufufukiswa ngamazuba njengesinyokotho soxhakaxholo. Kungahlanganisa izindlelasu sobunyoninco, ezifana nokuqoqwa kobuhlakani babantu nokweqela ezokuposa. Indlozabukhoma isetshenziswa izakhamuzi ukuze zivekele amanxuluma
nokuqoqwa kobuhlakani babantu nokweqela ezokuposa. Indlozabukhoma isetshenziswa izakhamuzi ukuze zivekele amanxuluma azo. Futhi isetshenziswa ngohulumeni ukuze baqoqe ulwazi - kuhlanganisa nobuncondi, ukuvimbela ubugebengu, ukuvikelwa kwenqubo, umuntu, ixongo noma okuthile, noma ukuphenya ubugebengu. Iyasetshenziswa nayizinhkangano zobusela ukuze zicebe ukwenza ubugebengu, futhi nezihwebi ziyayisebenzisa ukuze zibuthe ukwaziswa ngezigebengu, abancintisana nazo, abahlinzeki noma abathengi. Izinhlangano zenkolo ezijutshwe ukuhlonga ukuqembuka nazo ziyakugununda ukudlozabukhoma. Umthelela
30828
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isidlavela
Isidlavela
zanamuhla zakha umnyombo wezindawo ezinkulu nezindawo zasezidlaveleni —ngokwenz abagebeli abaningi abahamba bebheke maphakathi nesidlavela beyofuna umsebenzi, ezokuzinandisa, nemfundo. Kodwa, ezweni lokubhulungisa okusheshayo, zonke izidlavela ngokwamazinga angafani, zixhumene ngokwembulunga ngale kwalezo zifunda. Leli thonya elikhulu lisho ukuthi izidlavela zinamathonya amqoka ezindabeni zembulunga, ezifana neNtuthuko elondolozayo, ukufudumala kwembulunga, nezempilonhle zomhlaba. Ngenxa yalamathonya amakhulu ezindabeni zomhlaba, umphakathi womhlabawonke uqokomise utshalomali ezidlaveleni ezolondolozayo usebenzisa iMpokophelo 11 yeNtuthuko yokuLondoloza. uMqondo Isidlavela singahlukaniswa
kwenza kube lula ukwenanana phakathi kwabantu, izinhlangano zikahulumeni nemihwebo, okubuye kuhlomulise amaqembu amaningi, njengokuthuthukisa ukufaneleka kokusatshalaliswa kwezingudla nezinkonzo. Ngokomlando, abahlali basezidlaveleni babebancane kunoluntu lulonke, kodwa emva kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka yokuthutheleka kwabantu ezidlaveleni, zinabantu abangaphezu kwesigamu sabantu abasemhlabeni abahlala kuzo, futhi lokhu kungaba nemiphumela emibi ekulondolozekeni kwembulunga. Izidlavela zanamuhla zakha umnyombo wezindawo ezinkulu nezindawo zasezidlaveleni —ngokwenz abagebeli abaningi abahamba bebheke maphakathi nesidlavela beyofuna umsebenzi, ezokuzinandisa, nemfundo. Kodwa, ezweni lokubhulungisa okusheshayo, zonke izidlavela ngokwamazinga angafani, zixhumene ngokwembulunga ngale kwalezo zifunda. Leli thonya elikhulu lisho
30831
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/INzululwazi%20yoKwaziswa
INzululwazi yoKwaziswa
ukuhlaziywa, ukuqoqwa, ukujinjwa, ukulunjwa, ukugcinwa, ukuhoshwa, ukunyukuza, ukusetshalaliswa, nokuvikelwa kokwaziswa. Abakulomkhakha nabangaphandle kwawo bafunda ngokusebenza nokusetshenziswa kolwazi ezinhlanganweni okwenezela ekunananeni okuphakathi kwabantu, kanye nanoma yiziphi izimiso zokwaziswa ngenjongo yokudala , ukwenana,
ukuthuthukisa noma ukuqonda izimiso zokwaziswa. Ngokomlando, inzululwazi yokwaziswa iyamaniswa nenzululwazi yesicikizi, iNzululwazi yeMininingo, umchazangqondo, Ubuchwepheshe, inzululwazi yomtapolwazi, ezeMpilonhle, nezinhlangano zezinkasa. Kodwa, inzululwazi yokwaziswa ibuye ihlanganise nezici zeminye imikhakha ehlukene efana nenzululwazi yokuqogelela, inzululwazi yomqondo, ezohwebo, ezomthetho, ezolimi, umchazazibalo, ezokuphatha,
30833
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UbuChwepheshe%20boKwaziswa%20nezokuXhumana
UbuChwepheshe boKwaziswa nezokuXhumana
yibizo elihlanganisa kwasani, noma iyiphi inguxa yezokuxhumana, kuhlanganisa nomsakazo, umabonakude, omakhalekhukhwini, izimiso zamaduna nokunye, kanye nezinkonzo nezilekeleli ezihlukene zazo ezifana ukungqungquthela ngombukiso nokufunda buqamama. I-CKX ibuye ihlanganise nobuchwepheshe benzuko, obufana nokuxhumana ngephepha, nanoma iyiphi indlela yokufufukisa ukuxhumana. I-CKX iyisihloko esibanzi esinezicabango ezithubekayo. Sihlanganisa noma yimiphi imikhiqizo engakwazi ukugcina , ukulanda, ukuthonya, nokufufukisa , noma ukwamukela ukwaziswa ngamazuba noma ngesimo sezezibhangqiwe (isb. izicikizi kuhlanganisa nomakhalipha, omabonakude bezezibhangqiwe, incwazuba, nezithununu). UHlaka lwakaKhono weNkathi yoKwaziswa lungolunye unongo lokuchazisa nokuphathwa
wezincingo kanye nohlelo lwexhoxho lwesiCikizi ngokusebenzisa uhlelo olubumbene olulodwa lokufaka izindophi, ukusabalalisa isiyabizo, nokuphathwa. I-CKX yibizo elihlanganisa kwasani, noma iyiphi inguxa yezokuxhumana, kuhlanganisa nomsakazo, umabonakude, omakhalekhukhwini, izimiso zamaduna nokunye, kanye nezinkonzo nezilekeleli ezihlukene zazo ezifana ukungqungquthela ngombukiso nokufunda buqamama. I-CKX ibuye ihlanganise nobuchwepheshe benzuko, obufana nokuxhumana ngephepha, nanoma iyiphi indlela yokufufukisa ukuxhumana. I-CKX iyisihloko esibanzi esinezicabango ezithubekayo. Sihlanganisa noma yimiphi imikhiqizo engakwazi ukugcina , ukulanda, ukuthonya, nokufufukisa , noma ukwamukela ukwaziswa ngamazuba noma ngesimo sezezibhangqiwe (isb. izicikizi kuhlanganisa
30836
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkinga%20yesidlakathi%20yaseNingizimu%20Afrika
Inkinga yesidlakathi yaseNingizimu Afrika
njengembangela yalenkinga. Ngokuka-Eskom nezikhulu zikahulumeni, isixazululo sidinga ukuba kwakhiwe ezinye iziphehlimandla ezintsha. Inkohlakalo nokungaphathwa ngokufanele kwe-Eskom, kusuka kusabusa uThabo Mbeki, kwenze yangalungiseka lenkinga; futhi yande ngokwengeziwe lapho sekuphethe uCyril Ramaphosa. Isizinda senkinga Embikweni okhishwe ngoZibandlela we-1998, abahlaziyi nabaholi bala-Eskom nohulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika babikezela ukuthi i-Eskom izophelelwa amandla wamazuba agciniwe ngowezi-2007 uma kungathathwa isinyathelo sokuvimbela lokho. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukuphakelwa ngamandla nokuthembeka, umbiko wangowe-1998 watusa ukuba kuhlelwe kabusha izinhlaka zika-Eskom ngokuhlukanisa imihwebo yakhe ibe mibili, ukuphehlwa kwamazuba kanye nokufufukiswa kwamazuba. Naphezu kwezixwayiso zombiko wangonyaka we-1998 nezicelo zika-Eskom zokuvunyelwa ukuba wandise ummumatho wakhe, uhulumeni kaZwelonke awuthathanga sinyathelo. Ngaleso sikhathi uhulumeni oholwa ngu-Thabo Mbeki wawucubungula ukusuluza (ukudayisa) ngo-Eskom okwakucashunwa njengesizathu esenza uhulumeni wangathatha sinyathelo. Lokhu kwaphumela ekutheni u-Eskom angasakwazi ukwenezela ngommumatho wokuphehla futhi kanjalo umelane nengqekelelo yezwe ekhulayo yamazuba
kwaphumela ekutheni u-Eskom angasakwazi ukwenezela ngommumatho wokuphehla futhi kanjalo umelane nengqekelelo yezwe ekhulayo yamazuba kusuka ngowezi-2002 kuqhubeke. Uhulumeni wanika u-Eskom isivumelo sokukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwesidlakathi ngama-70 ekhulwini ngowezi-2004. Ingqalasizinda egugayo Iziphehlimandla eziyi-15 zakhiwa maphakathi kowe-1961 nowe-1996, zenezela ummumatho ohlanganiswe oyizi-35,804 MW. Ekhulwini lama-21, ngummumatho oyizi-9,564 MW kuphela owenezelwe ngeziphehlimandla ezisanda kwakhiwa zaseMedupi naseKusile. Iziphehlimandla eziningi zika-Eskom zineminyaka ecishe ibe ngama-50 ubudala futhi seziphelelwa isikhathi. Kulandela inkathi yokuqala kacimicimi yangowezi-2007 kuya kowezi-2008, u-Eskom wagunyaza ukwakhiwa kweziphehli ezifukuthwa ngamalahle eMedupi naseKusile ukuze andise ukukhiqizwa kwesidlakathi ngama-25 ekhulwini. Ukwakhiwa kwaleziphehli
30837
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsAmoshi
IsAmoshi
(transuranic) neyilungu lochunge lwezinhlwa zesAcagu ecansini lezinhlwa lapho ihlelwe ngaphansi kwenhlwa yomLalamthumbi
ishaqantuva (transuranic) neyilungu lochunge lwezinhlwa zesAcagu ecansini lezinhlwa lapho ihlelwe ngaphansi kwenhlwa
30838
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IChumumbi
IChumumbi
IChumumbi liyinhlwa yevanga egabantuva, eyonzayo
liyinhlwa yevanga egabantuva, eyonzayo
30839
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ImBeke
ImBeke
egabantuva- (transuranic) neyonzayo enophawu Bk
neyonzayo enophawu Bk nenani
30840
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmNgcalife
UmNgcalife
iyi- actinide , futhi iyinhlwa yesithupha eyalunjaniswa egaba ishaqantuva, futhi ingeyesibili enesisindo seChwe esiphezulu kuzo zonke izinhlwa ezikhiqizwa ngenani elikhulu elanele ukubonwa ngamehlo
ebizwa Lawrence Berkeley (okwakuyiNyuvesi yase-Carlifonia yeNgqalaba yemiyonzi). Yalunjaniswa ngokuwulula iChumumbi ngezinhlayiyanqangi (izihonyo seHwelanga-4) Lenhlwa iyi- actinide
30841
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsEntshenye
IsEntshenye
enophawu Es kanye
siyinhlwa elumbanisiwe enophawu
30848
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhlaka
Inhlaka
yeNasidemcako (soda-lime), iqukethe iSiphehlalu esingaba ama-70 ekhulwini, futhi enhlakeni elunjiwe sinobuningi obungama-90 ekhulwini. Zikhona nezinye izinhlobo zenhlaka ezenziwe ngezinye izindlela nangezinye izithako, futhi eziqine kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ngesiZulu esikhulunywa nsukuzonke, imikhiqizo yenhlaka ibizwa ngokuthi 'eyengilazi' okuyibizo elisuselwa kwelesilumbi. Naphezu kokuba uvendle, igcaki lenhlaka eligqibiwe lingahlala isikhathi eside uma lingaphazanyisiwe, futhi ziningi izibonelo zezivingi zenhlaka ezikhona okungezasendulo. Ubufakazi bezemivubululo isikisela ukuthi ukwenziwa kwenhlaka isenzo esaqala emuva ngokungenanai eminyakeni yezi-3,600 BC kwelaseMesopotamiya, eGibhithe naseSiriya. Izinto zokuqala zenhlaka kwakungubuhlalu, cishe obabenzeke ngengozi lapho kucandulwa noma kukhiqizwa i-fayensi. Ngenxa yokubumbeka kwayo kube yinoma yisiphi
nasekwenzeni imihlobiso. Izinhlobo zenhlaka elunjiwe ezaziwayo, nezindala ngokomlando, yilezo zenhlaka ekhandwe ngeSiphehlalu esekwe kumxube wevanga (iSiphemba esintuhlambili, noma igcaki), okuyisakhi esiyinhloko sesihlabathi. Inhlaka yeNasidemcako (soda-lime), iqukethe iSiphehlalu esingaba ama-70 ekhulwini, futhi enhlakeni elunjiwe sinobuningi obungama-90 ekhulwini. Zikhona nezinye izinhlobo zenhlaka ezenziwe ngezinye izindlela nangezinye izithako, futhi eziqine kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ngesiZulu esikhulunywa nsukuzonke, imikhiqizo yenhlaka ibizwa ngokuthi 'eyengilazi' okuyibizo elisuselwa kwelesilumbi. Naphezu kokuba uvendle, igcaki lenhlaka eligqibiwe lingahlala isikhathi eside uma lingaphazanyisiwe, futhi ziningi izibonelo zezivingi zenhlaka ezikhona okungezasendulo.
30853
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBhaqanyezi
UBhaqanyezi
eyiqhwa, yohlelo lukanozungezilanga efudumalayo futhi eqala ukukhipha uhowo lapho
ebizwa ngokuthi ukutshokuhowo. uBhaqanyezi luhluke kakhulu kuMhlabana. Ukuthamhekela kwawo ekuzungezeni kuphezulu, futhi
30854
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IShabalalambi
IShabalalambi
enophawu Fr
lobuchwe elingama- 87.
30855
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmCanga
UmCanga
yezinhlwa eziyinkimbi ezinhlanu ezingamanzi emazingeni okushisa egumbi. UmCanga unezakhi zesiqa ezifanayo
UmCanga yinhlwa yecanga enophawu Cs nenani lobuchwe elingama- 55. Uyinkimbi engquba ethambile enombala
30859
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiVuve
IsiVuve
singumuvo noma ucezu lwesidlakathi samazuba, umehluko ongaba khona (Ubuvuve), nesiphoqi somdikanzuba
IsiVuve (uphawu: V ) singumuvo noma ucezu
30860
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuvuve
Ubuvuve
nangokuthi ingcindezi yamazuba, noma umehluko ongaba khona (wamazuba), bungumehluko wamandla wamazuba phakathi kwezinto izimbili. Phakathi komzuba, buhambelana
umehluko ongaba khona (wamazuba), bungumehluko wamandla wamazuba phakathi kwezinto izimbili. Phakathi komzuba, buhambelana nomkhwishizo odingwa umuvo owodwa
30861
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umzuba
Umzuba
ezileleswe ngamazuba futhi esebenzisa amandla kuzo zonke
zonke ezinye izinhlayiyana ezileleswayo kuleyonkundla,
30865
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insibomvu
Insibomvu
ongaphansi komjinge wokukhanya okubomvu, okunebangacuphi elide kakhulu ukuba abantu bangalibona ngamehlo. Ngakho insibomvu ayibonakali
Amaza wensibomvu made kunalawo abantu abangawabona ngamehlo, futhi mafishane kunawechadaza. Igama elithi insibomvu liyinhlanganisela yamabizo amabili asho ukuthi 'phansi kobomvu' (
30866
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzukhwithi
Uzukhwithi
(750 THz ), elimfushane kunokukhanya okubonakalayo, kodwa yinde kunamagu-X. Imiyonzi yozukhwithi iyatholakala ekukhanyeni kwelanga, futhi yakha okungaba ishumi ekhulwini lemiyonzi yenzubawonga ephuma elangeni. Uphinde ukhiqizwe amagobela
futhi yakha okungaba ishumi ekhulwini lemiyonzi yenzubawonga ephuma elangeni. Uphinde ukhiqizwe amagobela wamazuba, imiyonzi kaCherenkov, nayizibani zekhethelo, ezifana nezibani zomhwamuko, izibani ze-tanning kanye nezibani ezimfipha.
30867
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaza%20womsakazo
Amaza womsakazo
amaza omsakazo lapho aselinyeni (vacuum) ahamba ngesivinini sokukhanya, futhi kumoyambulunga womhlaba ahamba ngesivinini esiseduze, kodwa
kakhulu emungcweni wenzubawonga, imvama ngemijinge engama-300 yamahazaqindi (gigahertz (GHz) nangaphansi. Kumahazaqindi angama-300, ibangacuphi elihambisanayo linye (1mm, lincane kunokusamvu kwendumbuluza); kumahaza angama-30 (Hz) ibangacuphi elihambisanayo lingamakhilomitha
30868
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IChadaza
IChadaza
ehlukene ichasisa amazinga ahlukene omjinge njengamachadaza; incasiselo engaphezulu ebanzi ihlanganisa kokubili umjinge ophakeme kakhulu (UHF)
elilodwa ahambisana nemijinge ephakathi kwamahazagidi angama-300 MHz namahazaqindi angama-300 GHz ngokulandelana. Imithombo ehlukene ichasisa
30879
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izibalomininingo
Izibalomininingo
ukuba ukuqala ngesibalo sabantu eliyisibalomininingo noma unongo lwesibalomininingo esizofundwa. Izibalo zabantu zingaba amaqembu angafani wabantu afana "nabo bonke abantu abahlala ezweni". Izibalomininingo zibhekele zonke izici zemininingo, kuhlanganise nokuceba ukuqoqwa kwemininingo
nomklamo wenhlolovo yesibalomininingo nemiklamo yomgcanso. Lapho imininingo yokubalwa kwabantu kulukhuni ukuyiqoqa, osozibalomininingo baqoqa imininingo ngokuthuthukisa imiklamo yomgcanso eqondile nezangulo zenhlolovo yesibalomininingo. Ukusangula unongo kuqinisekisa ukuthi izigqibo neziphetho zingajijiswa ngokulinganiselayo kusuka esangulweni kuya esibalweni
30880
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unongo
Unongo
ethile. Into eyenziwa unongo ingaba ncane (ngokwesibonelo, ichwe) noma ibe nkulu (ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo lukanozungezilanga). Ngomunye umqondo, unongo olungokoqobo "kuhlake liwukubonakaliswa konongo oluyisicabango; unongo oluyisicabango lucatshangwa kusengaphambili njengomklamo walelo elingokoqobo", osekusele ukuba lukhandwe njengoba
uhlobo oluthile lomkhakha ongokoqobo noma wabantu. KwezeNtengiselwano, "unongo" lungabhekisela kumklamo othile womkhiqizo obukiswayo (isb. Ford Model T), futhi lungabhekisela nasemkhiqizweno othwngiswayo ngokwawo. Izinhlobo zonongo yilezi: uNongo olungokoqobo Unongo olungokoqobo (imvama olubizwa ngokuthi unongo kodwa
30881
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmConjambi
UmConjambi
ezincane ezitholakala kumagqusho ensimbi yeqhumanyezi lemvelo . Inhlwa ekhululekile,
oqweqweni Lomhlaba kuphela esimweni esihlangene sevanga, ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezincane ezitholakala kumagqusho ensimbi yeqhumanyezi lemvelo . Inhlwa ekhululekile,
30882
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBima
IBima
ngokwemvelo, futhi izimo zayo zeSibabuli nentuhla zakha amadwalambi abalulekile wokuhweba. Lenhlaka ekhululekile ingama-86 ekhulwini ogqinsi njengomthofu . Iyinkimbi ephukayo enombala omhlophe-sabucwebe uma
IBima liyinhlwa yevanga enophawu u- Bi nenani lobuchwe elingama-83. Liyinkimbi yangemva koshintsho kanye nenye ye-pnictogens, enezakhi
30883
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsAsumu
IsAsumu
lobuchwe elingama -33. IsAsumu sitholakala kwizimbiwa eziningi, ngokuvamile lihlanganiswe nesibabuli
yenkimbithi (metalloid). Inama- allotropes ahlukahlukene, kodwa isimo esimpunga, esibukeka okwensimbi
30884
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imvula
Imvula
wamanzi futhi iyona eletha amanzi amaningi ahlanzekile eMhlabeni. Ihlinzeka ngamanzi
. Imvula iyingxenye enkulu yomjikelezo wamanzi futhi iyona eletha amanzi amaningi ahlanzekile eMhlabeni.
30886
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsAlahwe
IsAlahwe
oliyinala kakhulu kumoyambulunga woMhlaba, ngenani elingu-0.934% (9340 ppmv ). Siyinala ngokuphindwe kabili kunomhwamuko wamanzi (olinganiselwa ku-4000 ppmv, kodwa uhluka kakhulu),
futhi siwuhowo oluntentemukayo. IsAlahwe siwuhowo lwesithathu oliyinala kakhulu kumoyambulunga woMhlaba, ngenani elingu-0.934% (9340 ppmv ). Siyinala ngokuphindwe kabili kunomhwamuko wamanzi (olinganiselwa ku-4000 ppmv, kodwa uhluka kakhulu), sigcwele
30887
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsAcagu
IsAcagu
ngokuthi uchunge lwesAcagu. IsAcagu kanye nemPosumu, umSebembi, nomLahwe, zingezinye zezinhlwa zanguna
ezitholakala phakathi kwesAcagu nomLangalambi, eziyiqembu lezinhlwa eziyi-15 ecansini lezinhlwa zibizwa ngokuthi uchunge lwesAcagu.
30888
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiBidani
IsiBidani
emvelweni ikakhulukazi njenge-sulfide mineral stibnite. Imixube yesiBidani ibiyaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo
empunga ecwebezelayo, itholakala emvelweni ikakhulukazi njenge-sulfide mineral stibnite. Imixube yesiBidani ibiyaziwa
30890
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmBhanya
UmBhanya
uyinhlwa yevanga enophawu u- Ba nenani lobuchwe elingama-56. Liyinhlwa yesihlanu eqenjini lesi-2 futhi
liyinkimbi yomhlaba engqubathi ethambile, ebucwebe. Ngenxa yokusabela okuphezulu ngokwevanga kwawo, umbhanya awutholakali emvelweni
30891
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmCaphana
UmCaphana
eyinala kakhulu ogobohlweni lomhlaba, futhi iyinhlwa yesithathu eyinkimbi eningi, ngemva kwensimbi nesAlumbe . Umxube womcaphana ovame kakhulu emhlabeni, umcaphana womcalahle, otholakala kwitshemcako nasezinsaleleni zentshicwa yokuphila kwasolwandle kwaphambili; i-gypsum,
nomoya. Izakhi zawo ezingokoqobo nezingokwesiqa zifana kakhulu nohlobolunye lwayo olunzima kakhulu iSolombi nomBhanya. Iyinhlwa yesihlanu eyinala kakhulu ogobohlweni lomhlaba, futhi iyinhlwa yesithathu eyinkimbi eningi, ngemva kwensimbi nesAlumbe . Umxube
30892
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intando%20yeningi
Intando yeningi
ukusetshenziswa ezigungwini ezithatha izinqumo, okuhlanganisa nezishayamthetho eziningi zezizwe zombusowabantu .
ezigungwini ezithatha izinqumo, okuhlanganisa nezishayamthetho eziningi zezizwe zombusowabantu
30896
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/INtunge
INtunge
</br> noma</br> </br>, enomlelesa ongachemi
yechwe, enophawu</br> </br> noma</br> </br>, enomlelesa
30897
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/INuzi%20lechwe
INuzi lechwe
Rutherford emva kwemigcanso eminingi. Emva kokuvubukulwa kwentunge ngowe-1932, izinongo zenuzi eyakhiwa izinelesi nezintunge zathuthukiswa ngokuphuthumayo ngu-Dimitri Ivanenko no-Werner Heisenberg. Ichwe lakhiwa inuzi elinomlelesa ovumayo, kanye nefu lezinzuba eziyizungezayo ezinomlelesa ophikayo, ezibhonqwe ndawonye isiphoqi somzuba. Cishe sonke isisindo sechwe sitholakala kuyo
lezinzuba eziyizungezayo ezinomlelesa ophikayo, ezibhonqwe ndawonye isiphoqi somzuba. Cishe sonke isisindo sechwe sitholakala kuyo inuzi, kuyilapho ifu lenzuba linikela kancane kuso. Izinelesi nezintunge zibhonqwe ndawonye ukuze zakhe inuzi, zibhonqwa isiphoqi senuzi. Ibangandilinga lenuzi limaphakathi kwama-fm angeli-1.70 kwihwanzi (okuyibangandilinga lenelesi eyodwa) kuya kwayi-11.7 kwishaqantuva. Lemiyinge mincane kakhulu kunebangandilinga lechwe ngokwalo (indeni + nefu lenzuba). Igatsha
30898
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isisindo
Isisindo
yomzimba.
yangaphakathi
30899
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isidludlungi%20esimqoka
Isidludlungi esimqoka
), siyintandelo yamazuba egununda iziyalelo ezihlanganisa inhleleliso yesicikizi. Isidludlungi senza imigidingo yesibalonqangi, logic, ukulawula, nokugalela/ziphumo, okuyimigidingo ecaciswa
( noma isidludlungi ), siyintandelo yamazuba egununda iziyalelo ezihlanganisa inhleleliso yesicikizi. Isidludlungi senza imigidingo yesibalonqangi, logic,
30900
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingoni
Ingoni
sisodwa, esibizwa incishi yengoni. Izingungube ezimbili lapho ziphambana, nazo ziyayichasisa
wengoni, anesidli sisodwa, esibizwa incishi yengoni. Izingungube ezimbili lapho ziphambana,
30901
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmKhalahwe
UmKhalahwe
nenani lobuchwe elingama--36.
Kr nenani
30902
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ILubimbo
ILubimbo
iyinhlwa yevanga
yevanga enophawu
30903
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISolombi
ISolombi
enophawu Sr nenani
yevanga enophawu Sr
30904
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmYambi
UmYambi
yevanga enophawu Y
enophawu Y
30905
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IZambedu
IZambedu
enophawu Zr nenani
liyinhlwa yevanga
30906
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/INobo
INobo
enophawu -Nb
-Nb nenani
30907
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmThanyambi
UmThanyambi
Tc nenani lobuchwe
enophawu Tc nenani
30908
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULundu
ULundu
yinhlwa yevanga
Rh nenani
30909
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ImPanda
ImPanda
lobuchwe elungama-46.
yevanga enophawu
30910
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKhazi
IKhazi
IKhazi liyilungu lezinhlwa eziyiqembu lekhazi neleqembu le-10 lezinhlwa zecansi lezinhlwa. Linezihlukombe (isotope) eziyisithupha ezingokwemvelo. Liyinhlwa eyivelakancane egobohleni lomhlaba. Litholakala likanye namadwala esiNimbi nawesokhele nokunye, ikakhulu eNingizimu Afrika, ekhiqiza ama-80 ekhulwini umhlaba wonke. Ngenxa
ezingokwemvelo. Liyinhlwa eyivelakancane egobohleni lomhlaba. Litholakala likanye namadwala esiNimbi nawesokhele nokunye, ikakhulu eNingizimu Afrika, ekhiqiza ama-80 ekhulwini umhlaba wonke. Ngenxa yokuba ivelakancane egobohleni lomhlaba,
30911
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmThulumbi
UmThulumbi
yevanga enophawu Ta
UmThulumbi uyinhlwa yevanga
30912
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isibhinyi
Isibhinyi
ngokuba namazenge ansongensonge. Izibhinyi namabhawoti ngamathuluzi asetshenziswa ekukhwaxeni izinto ngokusebenzisana kwemisonto
Isibhinyi kanye nobhawoti ziwuhlobo olufanayo lwesikhwaxi (fastener) imvama ezenziwe ngenkimbi
30913
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umncwebe
Umncwebe
olusimoncinci. Imincwebe yakhiwa imitshoko ngenqubo ebizwa ukuncwebeka, ewuhlobo lokuguquka kwesimo. Ngokuvamile umtshoko kuba uketshezi, Kodwa imincwebe iyakheka nangohowo. Ngokwesibonelo, iqhwa liyimincwebe yamanzi ebunjwe kusuka emoyeni oqukethe umhwamuko wamanzi (amanzi ahwamukile). Ukuncwebeka kungenzeka ngokukhazeka (freezing) komtshoko olula. Ngezinye
imizwayi noma izihonyo) ahlelenjwe ngesifanelo esiwuhlaka olusimoncinci. Imincwebe yakhiwa imitshoko ngenqubo ebizwa ukuncwebeka, ewuhlobo lokuguquka kwesimo. Ngokuvamile umtshoko kuba uketshezi, Kodwa imincwebe iyakheka nangohowo.
30914
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isinqumela
Isinqumela
oluqatha nokumelana nesiphoqi esithinta ubuso bawo. Ngokungafani noketshezi, into emkhamanqa ayigelezi ukuze ifane nesimo segobongo wawo,
inani elincane lesidlakathi somdiki. Umkhamanqa waziwa ngokuba nohlaka oluqatha nokumelana nesiphoqi esithinta ubuso bawo. Ngokungafani noketshezi, into emkhamanqa ayigelezi ukuze ifane nesimo segobongo wawo,
30915
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubumba
Ubumba
isimo sokwenza amakhamba, izitini nezinye Izinto. Lapho kubunjwe into ngalo, luyashisw emphandwini (kiln) ukuze
umkhiqizo wdongwe. Ubumba luvame ukuqukatha amanzi ngoba amachembe wamanzi anamathela ezinhlamvukazini
30916
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukudludlunga%20ulimi%20lwemvelo
Ukudludlunga ulimi lwemvelo
nakuba ngaleso sikhathi kwakungavezwa njengenkinga ehlukile kuhlakahlisombulu. Isivivinyo esasiphakanyiswa sasihlanganisa umsebenzi obandakanya ukuhlakahla okuhlelelekiwe nokuphehlwa kolimi lwemvelo. i-DLM engokomfanekiso (1950s – ekuqaleni kwe-1990s) Isiphakamiso sokudludlunga ulimi lwemvelo (DML) okungokomfanekiso safinyezwa kahle kakhulu ngumgcanso wegumbi laseSahyina ka-John Searle othi: Uma uneqoqo lemithetho (isb. incwadi yemisho yesiShayina, enemibuzo nezimpendulo zayo), isicikizi sizolingisa ukuqonda ulimi okongokwemvelo (noma eminye imisebenzi ye-DLM) ngokusebenzisa leyo mithetho eminininingweni esibhekana nayo. IziNdlelasu: imithetho, izibalomniningo, amaxhoxho wezinzwa Ezinsukwini zokuqala, iningi lezimiso zokudludlunga ulimi zaziklanywe ngezindlelasu ezingokwezimpawu, okusho
ehlukile kuhlakahlisombulu. Isivivinyo esasiphakanyiswa sasihlanganisa umsebenzi obandakanya ukuhlakahla okuhlelelekiwe nokuphehlwa kolimi lwemvelo. i-DLM engokomfanekiso (1950s – ekuqaleni kwe-1990s) Isiphakamiso sokudludlunga ulimi lwemvelo (DML) okungokomfanekiso safinyezwa kahle kakhulu ngumgcanso wegumbi laseSahyina ka-John Searle othi: Uma uneqoqo lemithetho (isb. incwadi yemisho yesiShayina, enemibuzo nezimpendulo zayo), isicikizi sizolingisa ukuqonda ulimi okongokwemvelo (noma eminye imisebenzi ye-DLM) ngokusebenzisa leyo mithetho eminininingweni esibhekana nayo. IziNdlelasu: imithetho, izibalomniningo, amaxhoxho wezinzwa Ezinsukwini zokuqala, iningi lezimiso zokudludlunga ulimi zaziklanywe ngezindlelasu ezingokwezimpawu, okusho ukuthi, ngezinguqukezelo zesandla eziyiqoqoq lemithetho, ezintshiqwe
30918
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umxingovu
Umxingovu
ababili ehilela ukunyakaza okumalungangoni kwezinkomo ezifanayo kanye nokuthumba
ehilela ukunyakaza okumalungangoni kwezinkomo ezifanayo kanye nokuthumba okuyisibopho okwenzeka
30919
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixingovu
Ixingovu
. Ixingovu yisifanelo semigqa ehleliww ehlanganisa imigqa evundlile neqondile enqamulayo eyakha amagcagcane.
emibili lapho igcagcane elilodwa lizungezwe ngamanye amanye wombala ohlukile ngendlela exingovile.
30921
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/INguqulo%20Yezimboni
INguqulo Yezimboni
cishe ngowe-1760 kuya cishe kowe-1820-1840. Lolu shintsho lwaluhlanganisa ukusuka ekukhiqizeni ngesandla kuya ekukhiqizeni ngezinguxa; izinqubo zokukhiqiza
izinqubo zokukhiqiza ngesiqa nokukhiqiza ngensimbi; ukusetshenziswa kwamandla wamanzi namandla womusi okukhulayo; ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi enguxa; nokuqonga kwezinhlelo zomkhando ezifakwe izinguxa. Iziphumo zakhula kakhulu, futhi
30922
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/INguqulo%20yeziMboni%20yesibili
INguqulo yeziMboni yesibili
ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlelasu zokukhiqiza izingxenye, kanye nokuqanjwa kwenqubo ka-Bessemer yokukhiquza inqimbi, iNguqulo yeziMboni yesibili ngokuvamile ibalwa eminyakeni we-1870 kuya kowe-1914 (ekuqaleni kweMpi
ekupheleni kwekhulu lwe-19 kuya ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-29. INguqulo yeziMboni yokuqala, eyaphela maphakathi nekhulu le-19 yakhawulwa ukugqoza kweziqambo ezibalulekile ngaphambi kweNguqulo yeziMboni yesibili ngowe-1870. Nakuba kunezenzakalo ezaziwayo zocandululo nokukhiqiza, ezifana
30923
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/INguqulo%20yezezibhangqiwe
INguqulo yezezibhangqiwe
nokusetshenziswa kabanzi komhluza wezezibhangqiwe (digital logic), iziqhebanzuba ze-MOS, amazubela wentandelo edidiyelwe, nobuchwepheshe obususelwa kuzo, kuhlanganisa nezicikizi, izidludlungincinci (microprocessors), omakhalekhukhwini bezezibhangqiwe, noxhakaxholo. Lolu candululo lwezobuchwepheshe seluguqule ukukhiqizwa okwamukelwe nobuchule bokuhweba. INguqulo
kuya ezizubisini zezezibhangqiwe ezaqala engxenyeni yokugcina yekhulu lama-20, lapho kwamukelwa futhi kwanda izicikizi zezezibhangqiwe nokugcinwa kweziqoshwa zezezibhangqiwe , okuqhubeka kuze kube namuhla. Ngesinyelela, leli bizo libuye libhekisele nasoshintshweni olukhukhula kwasani olwalethwa ukucikiza kwezezibhangqiwe nezobuchwepheshe zokuxhumana kuleyo nkathi. Kusuka kwiNguqulo yezoLimo (emva kwenkathi yeTshe) kanye neNguqulo yeziMboni yokuqala (1770-1840),
30924
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkathi%20yokwaziswa
Inkathi yokwaziswa
yesiCikizi, iNkathi yezezibhangqiwe noma isiKhathi solwazi) iyinkathi yomlando eyaqala phakathi kwekhulu lama-20. Lenkathi yaziwa ngokugudluka kusuka ezimbonini ezazijwayelekile, ezasungulwa ngesikhathi seNguqulo
(transistor) ngowe-1947, isiqongisi senxoza ngowe-1957, kanye ne-Unix time, okwaqala mhla zi-1 ngoMasingana 1970, futhi isebenza njengesiseko sesiKhathi sendawoyonke esixhunyaniswayo (Coordinated Universal Time) kanye neGumelo lesiKhathi soXhoxho (Network Time Protocol). Lezi ntuthukiso zezobuchwepheshe zibe negalelo
30928
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/URuth%20Kl%C3%BCger
URuth Klüger
Okthoba 1931 – 5 Okthoba 2020) wayenguthisha nombhali waseMelika owazalelwa e-Austria. WayenguSolwazi Emerita Wezifundo ZaseJalimane eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, e-Irvine futhi owasinda ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe . Wayengumbhali we
. Wayengumbhali we -weiter leben ethengisa kakhulu: U-Eine Jugend mayelana nobuntwana bakhe kuMbuso Wesithathu . Uphinde wabhala ethi Still Alive . Wazalelwa eVienna . U-Klüger ushone ngo-5 Okthoba
30930
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Morrissey
Mary Morrissey
exoxa ngemizabalazo nezifundo zikaMorrissey kusukela esemncane. Uphinde abe ngumbhali wencwadi ethi No Less Than Greatness, incwadi ekhuluma ngokuphulukisa ubudlelwano. Ngo-2002 waqoqa futhi wahlela incwadi ethi New Thought: A Practical Spirituality. Umlobi waseMelika uWayne Dyer wambiza ngokuthi "omunye wothisha abacabangela kakhulu besikhathi sethu." Esebenza kusukela emsebenzini wakhe wokuqala wokusiza abantu emhlabeni wonke, uMorrissey wasungula i-Association for Global New Thought ngo-1995 futhi wayengumongameli wayo wokuqala. Ngo-1997 wahlanganyela nomzukulu ka -Mahatma
for Global New Thought ngo-1995 futhi wayengumongameli wayo wokuqala. Ngo-1997 wahlanganyela nomzukulu ka -Mahatma Gandhi, u-Arun Gandhi, ekusunguleni Isizini Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokungenzi Udlame . Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2019, iSikhathi Sokungabi Nodlame sagujwa emhlabeni wonke njengethuba "lokuhlanganisa imiphakathi, ukuyinika amandla okucabanga nokusiza ukudala umhlaba ongenalo udlame." Ukugxekwa Encwadini yakhe ethi, I-Shadow Medicine: The Placebo in Conventional and Alternative Therapies, uJohn S. Haller uxwayisa ngokuthi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ezinikezwa nguMary Morrissey, akufanele zithathwe njengengxenye yemithi evamile. I-Bibliography Ukwakha Inkambu Yakho Yamaphupho, uMary Morrissey, Random House, 1996.
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https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMary%20Morrissey
UMary Morrissey
"omunye wothisha abacabangela kakhulu besikhathi sethu." Esebenza kusukela emsebenzini wakhe wokuqala wokusiza abantu emhlabeni wonke, uMorrissey wasungula i-Association for Global New Thought ngo-1995 futhi wayengumongameli wayo wokuqala. Ngo-1997 wahlanganyela nomzukulu ka -Mahatma Gandhi, u-Arun Gandhi, ekusunguleni Isizini Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokungenzi Udlame . Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2019, iSikhathi Sokungabi Nodlame sagujwa emhlabeni wonke njengethuba "lokuhlanganisa imiphakathi, ukuyinika amandla okucabanga nokusiza ukudala umhlaba ongenalo udlame." Ukugxekwa Encwadini yakhe ethi,
wokuqala. Ngo-1997 wahlanganyela nomzukulu ka -Mahatma Gandhi, u-Arun Gandhi, ekusunguleni Isizini Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokungenzi Udlame . Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2019, iSikhathi Sokungabi Nodlame sagujwa emhlabeni wonke njengethuba "lokuhlanganisa imiphakathi, ukuyinika amandla okucabanga nokusiza ukudala umhlaba ongenalo udlame." Ukugxekwa Encwadini yakhe ethi, I-Shadow Medicine: The Placebo in Conventional and Alternative Therapies, uJohn S. Haller uxwayisa ngokuthi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ezinikezwa nguMary Morrissey, akufanele zithathwe njengengxenye yemithi evamile. I-Bibliography Ukwakha Inkambu
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https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UPatty%20Aubrey
UPatty Aubrey
Isobho Senkukhu soMphefumulo WamaKristu nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu Somphefumulo Wowesifazane OngumKristu nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu Somphefumulo Womama Omusha nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu Somphefumulo Wodade kaJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen kanye noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu soMphefumulo Womthandi Wasolwandle nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Lenkukhu likaBaba neNdodakazi Soul nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu seChristian Teenage Soul nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen kanye noPatty Aubery Isobho Lenkukhu Lomphefumulo Womama Olindelwe nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu Somphefumulo Wokusinda Komdlavuza nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu Somphefumulo Osindile nguJack Canfield, Bernie S. Siegel, kanye noPatty Aubrey.
Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu Somphefumulo Womama Omusha nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu Somphefumulo Wodade kaJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen kanye noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu soMphefumulo Womthandi Wasolwandle nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Lenkukhu likaBaba neNdodakazi Soul nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu seChristian Teenage Soul nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen kanye noPatty Aubery Isobho Lenkukhu Lomphefumulo Womama Olindelwe nguJack Canfield noMark Victor Hansen noPatty Aubery Isobho Senkukhu Somphefumulo Wokusinda Komdlavuza nguJack
30936
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULaurie%20Halse%20Anderson
ULaurie Halse Anderson
kamuva ngo-1984, wathola iziqu zakhe enyuvesi yaseGeorgetown eWashington DC U-Anderson useshicilele izincwadi eziningi zentsha kanye nezingane. Ubhale nezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene. Ezinye zezincwadi zika-Anderson ezaziwa kakhulu zihlanganisa Speak, Fever 1793, kanye ne -Catalyst . Abantu bayalazisa ikhono lakhe lokuthwebula amazwi nezimo zengqondo zentsha njengoba ibhekene nezinkinga zomuntu siqu ezincwadini zayo. Ngo-2009,
waseMelika obhale izincwadi eziningi. Ubhala inganekwane ngezihloko eziningi ezahlukene. Wazalwa ngo-Okthoba 23, 1961, eNew York. Eseyingane encane, u-Anderson wayethanda ukulalela uyise exoxa izindaba nezinkondlo. Ngo-1983, u-Anderson washada noGregory H. Anderson, isikhulu sebhizinisi. Ngonyaka owodwa kamuva ngo-1984, wathola iziqu zakhe enyuvesi yaseGeorgetown eWashington DC U-Anderson useshicilele izincwadi eziningi zentsha
30938
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/USharon%20Draper
USharon Draper
USharon Draper wazalwa ngo-Agasti 21, 1948 eCleveland, e-Ohio. Wayeyindodakazi endala ezinganeni ezintathu emndenini wakhe futhi wakhulela endaweni ebumbene. Imfundo USharon Draper uthole i-BA yakhe ePepperdine University ngo-1971 kanye ne-MA yakhe eMiami University of Ohio ngo-1974. Umsebenzi wokufundisa USharon Draper wayenguthisha wezikole zikahulumeni zaseCincinnati kusukela ngo-1970-1997, futhi wawina umklomelo Wothisha Wonyaka WaseMelika wango-1997 ngomsebenzi wakhe ezikoleni. Uchaze ukufundisa “njengobizo nobizo” lwakhe, futhi uthi “ufundisa ngoba kufanele. Kusenhliziyweni yami nasemphefumulweni wami; ingxenye yencazelo yami. Ngigcina ngifundisa noma ngabe ngikuphi." Izincwadi Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe eshicilelwe ihlanganisa: Izinyembezi Zengwe, 1994. UZiggy kanye namaDinosaurs Amnyama, 1995. I-Forged
wakhe ezikoleni. Uchaze ukufundisa “njengobizo nobizo” lwakhe, futhi uthi “ufundisa ngoba kufanele. Kusenhliziyweni yami nasemphefumulweni wami; ingxenye yencazelo yami. Ngigcina ngifundisa noma ngabe ngikuphi." Izincwadi Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe eshicilelwe ihlanganisa: Izinyembezi Zengwe, 1994. UZiggy kanye namaDinosaurs Amnyama, 1995. I-Forged by Fire, ngo-1996. U-Romiette noJulio, ngo-1997. Jazzimation, 1999. Ukufundisa Ngokusuka Enhliziyweni, 1999. Ayishiswanga Kakhulu kodwa iCrispy ezungeze imiphetho, ngo-2001. Ubumnyama Ngaphambi Kokuntwela kokusa, 2001. I-Double Dutch, 2002. Impi yaseJeriko, 2003. I-Copper Sun, ngo-2006. November Blues, 2007 Ngaphandle Kwengqondo Yami, 2010 Imiklomelo USharon Draper usezuze imiklomelo eminingi ekufundiseni nasekubhaleni. Uzuze umklomelo weCoretta Scott King Genesis weLiterature (1995), kanye nendondo ye-American Library Association Best Book for Young Adults umklomelo (1995) emsebenzini wakhe wokubhala. Ubuye wawina i-Ohio
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https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Afrocentric
I-Afrocentric
nemibono yayigxile emlandweni namasiko abantu abamnyama base-Afrika I-Afrocentricity,
base-Afrika I-Afrocentricity, indlela yocwaningo kanye ne-methodological paradigm esetshenziswa ezifundweni zabantu abanyama
30941
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMary%20Morrissy
UMary Morrissy
njengamanje usebenza njengomqeqeshi wokubhala, enikeza ukuqondisa komuntu oyedwa kokukodwa, ukuhlela kanye nezinsizakalo zokuhlola kubabhali. Imiklomelo 1984: I-Hennessy Literary Award 1995: Lannan Foundation Prize 2015: Kukhethwe ilungu le- Aosdána Iyasebenza Amanoveli Umama kaPearl, uJonathan Cape/Vintage/Scribner, 1996, The Pretender, Jonathan Cape/Vintage, 2000, Ukuvuka kukaBella Casey, uBrandon, 2013, Izindaba Ezimfishane I-Lazy Eye, Jonathan Cape/Vintage/Scribner, 1993, I-Prosperity Drive, Jonathan Cape, 2016, Iminikelo Izindaba Ezimfishane Ezintsha Zase-Irish, ed. UJoseph O'Connor, uFaber & Faber, 2011, Umcabango Ekilasini: Ukufundisa Nokufunda Ukubhala Ngobuciko e-Ireland, ed. U-Anne Fogarty, Izinkantolo Ezine, 2013, Dubliners 100, ed. UThomas Morris, uTramp, 2014, Surge, Ukubhala Okusha okuvela e-Ireland, O'Brien, 2014, Kulo lonke elase-Ireland, ed. UDeirdre Madden, Faber & Faber, 2015, I-Vibrant House: I-Irish Writing and Domestic Space, ed. U-Lucy McDiarmid, Izinkantolo
eGeorge Washington University . Ngo-2015, uMorrissy waqokwa njengomfundisi weCreative Writing e-University College Cork. UMorrissy ushicilele "inoveli eqhumayo" -iqoqo elixhumene lezindaba ezimfushane-ngo-2016. Ebukeza incwadi ethi The Guardian, uClaire Kilroy wabhala: “ I-Prosperity Drive iyincwadi ekhuluma ngobulili nokufa. Ama-protagonists - lawo 'ucingo lwabalimele nabalahlekile' - bahlangabezana nakho kokubili kodwa abakwazi ukukubamba kokubili. Uzwelo, ukushesha, amahlaya kanye nobumnandi uMorrissy akhombisa ngakho ubunzima babo buphumela ezikhathini zokujula. " U-Morrissy njengamanje usebenza njengomqeqeshi wokubhala, enikeza ukuqondisa komuntu oyedwa kokukodwa, ukuhlela kanye nezinsizakalo zokuhlola kubabhali. Imiklomelo 1984: I-Hennessy Literary Award 1995: Lannan Foundation Prize 2015: Kukhethwe ilungu le- Aosdána Iyasebenza Amanoveli Umama kaPearl, uJonathan Cape/Vintage/Scribner, 1996, The Pretender, Jonathan Cape/Vintage, 2000, Ukuvuka kukaBella Casey, uBrandon, 2013, Izindaba Ezimfishane I-Lazy Eye, Jonathan Cape/Vintage/Scribner, 1993, I-Prosperity Drive, Jonathan Cape, 2016, Iminikelo Izindaba Ezimfishane Ezintsha Zase-Irish, ed. UJoseph O'Connor, uFaber & Faber, 2011, Umcabango
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https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmNgcikisho
UmNgcikisho
noma izinqubo zokukhiqiza, noma imisebenzi ezisebenza zodwa noma ngokuzihlanganisa; noma ukuzakha noma ukuzigidinga ngokolwazi lomklamo wazo; noma ngokuqagula ukucondoza kwazo ngaphansi kwezimo zokugidinga ezithile; ngokuvumelana nokusebenza okuhlosiwe, amancozu wokugidingwa kwazo nokuphepha kwempilo nempahla . (Includes Britannica article on Engineering) uMlando Umngcikisho yinto ebilokhu ikhona kusuka endulo lapho abantu bengcikisha iziqambo ezifana netshopi, isixakaxo, isondo nomdonso njll. Ibizo lesizulu elithi umngcikisho lisuselwa esenzweni sokungcikisha, (esisho ukulumba, ukuqamba, ukukhanda, ukuklama). Leli kwakuyigama elisho isenzo sokuqamba amathuluzi amasha, nezindlela ezintsha zokwakha. Entshona leli bizo lalisho ukuqanjwa kwezinguxa zasempini zokuhlasela, ezifana nezihlingi (catapult), ezazikikijela amatshe abuthayo ngaphezu kwezingange zemizi engangeneki kalula. Engineering - Umngcikisho Engineer - umNgcikishi Elinye igama elihlone nelithi umNgcikisho, elithi ukulumba liyasetshenziswa ekuhumusheni elithi engine ngokuthi 'isilumbamdiki'. Kamuva, lapho sekuklanywa izinhlaka zomphakathi, ezifana nemicabeko nemibijongo, futhi nazo zithathwa njengoqeqesho lobuchule, igama elithi 'umngcikisho wengqalasizinda' layeka ukusebenza kwezempi nasekuqambeni amathuluzi kuphela, futhi lakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalabo abagxile ekwakheni izinhlaka onkungezona ezempi nalabo ababandakanyeka oqeqeshweni lomngcikisho wezempi. Enkathini yasendulo Izitshopolonco zaseGibhithe lasendulo, namadongolo waseMesopothamiya, umuzisiqongo (acropolis) yaseGrisi, namathumbamanzi waseRoma, umgwaqo wase-Aphiya neNkundlakazi (Colosseum), i-Teotihuacán, nendlu engcwele ka-Brihadeeswarar yase-Thanjavur, phakathi kwezinye, zimi njengobufakazi bobuchule nekhono labangcikishi bezempi nengqalasizinda basendulo. Izinye izakhiwo, ezingasmile, ezifana neziNsimu ezilengayo zaseBhabhiloni namaFaro wase-Alexandriya, zaziwukufezwa komngcikisho okubalulekile ngaleso sikhathi futhi zazibalwa phakathi kweziMangaliso eziyisiKhombisa zeZwe laseNdulo. Izinguxa ezilula zakudala eziyisithupha zazaziwa emazweni amaningi njengaseMpuma ePhakathi yaseNdulo. Itshopi/izembe kanye negxalo zazaziwa kusuka enkathi yanguna. Isondo, nomshiza onesondo, kwaqanjwa kwelaseMesopotamiya ngenkulungwane yesi-5 BC. Zazikhona naseGibhithe zisetshenziswa njengomlunganiso wokulingana, nokunyukuzisa izinto ezinkulu ebuchwepheshenibemishini baseGubhithe lasendulo. Isixakaxo naso sasisetshenziselwa ekukhuphuleni amanzi emthonjeni, njengesigwadlulo sokuqala eminyakeni eyizi-3000 BC edlule. Ubufakazi bomdonso wokuqala nawo uvela kuzo lezi zindawo ezimbili. Isibhinyi, naso saqanjwa eMesophothamiya, enkathini yeminyaka (911-609 BC) emva kombuso wase-Asiriya. Izitshopolonco zaseGibhithe zakhiwa kusetshenziswa izinguxa ezilula ezintathu kulezo eziyisithupha ezaziwayo. UmNgcikishi wengqalasizinda
nelithi umNgcikisho, elithi ukulumba liyasetshenziswa ekuhumusheni elithi engine ngokuthi 'isilumbamdiki'. Kamuva, lapho sekuklanywa izinhlaka zomphakathi, ezifana nemicabeko nemibijongo, futhi nazo zithathwa njengoqeqesho lobuchule, igama elithi 'umngcikisho wengqalasizinda' layeka ukusebenza kwezempi nasekuqambeni amathuluzi kuphela, futhi lakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalabo abagxile ekwakheni izinhlaka onkungezona ezempi nalabo ababandakanyeka oqeqeshweni lomngcikisho wezempi. Enkathini yasendulo Izitshopolonco zaseGibhithe lasendulo, namadongolo waseMesopothamiya, umuzisiqongo (acropolis) yaseGrisi, namathumbamanzi waseRoma, umgwaqo wase-Aphiya neNkundlakazi (Colosseum), i-Teotihuacán, nendlu engcwele ka-Brihadeeswarar yase-Thanjavur, phakathi kwezinye, zimi njengobufakazi bobuchule nekhono labangcikishi bezempi nengqalasizinda basendulo. Izinye izakhiwo, ezingasmile, ezifana neziNsimu ezilengayo zaseBhabhiloni namaFaro wase-Alexandriya, zaziwukufezwa komngcikisho okubalulekile ngaleso sikhathi futhi zazibalwa phakathi kweziMangaliso eziyisiKhombisa zeZwe laseNdulo. Izinguxa ezilula zakudala eziyisithupha zazaziwa emazweni amaningi njengaseMpuma ePhakathi yaseNdulo. Itshopi/izembe kanye negxalo zazaziwa kusuka enkathi yanguna. Isondo, nomshiza onesondo, kwaqanjwa kwelaseMesopotamiya ngenkulungwane yesi-5 BC. Zazikhona naseGibhithe zisetshenziswa njengomlunganiso wokulingana, nokunyukuzisa izinto ezinkulu ebuchwepheshenibemishini baseGubhithe lasendulo. Isixakaxo naso sasisetshenziselwa ekukhuphuleni amanzi emthonjeni, njengesigwadlulo sokuqala eminyakeni eyizi-3000 BC edlule. Ubufakazi bomdonso wokuqala nawo uvela kuzo lezi zindawo ezimbili. Isibhinyi, naso saqanjwa eMesophothamiya, enkathini yeminyaka (911-609 BC) emva kombuso wase-Asiriya. Izitshopolonco zaseGibhithe zakhiwa kusetshenziswa izinguxa ezilula ezintathu kulezo eziyisithupha ezaziwayo. UmNgcikishi wengqalasizinda wangaphambili owaziwayo wayebizwa ngokuthi ngu-Imhotep. Njengesinye sezikhulu zikaFaro uDjoseri, kungenzeka uyena uwaklama futhi waqondisa ukwakhiwa kwesitshopolonco sikaDjoseri, esiseSaqqara eGibhithe cishe ngowezi-2630-2611 BC. Izinguxa zokuqala ezazifukuthwa ngamanzi ezisebenzayo, isondo lamanzi , lona lavela okokuqala embusweni wasePheresiya ekhulwini lesi-4 BC, endaweni namuhla eyaziwa nge-Iraq ne-Iran. IKushi lona lathuthukisa i-Sakhiya ekhulwini lesi-4 BC, elalisebenza ngamandla wezilwane kunesidlakathi sabantu. I-Hafiri lathuthukiswa njengohlobo lwechibi ukuze luqakathe futhi lugcine amanzi futhi luxhase ekucheleleni. Abangcikishimpi babesetshenziswa ukwakha imicabekwana lapho kunemikhankaso yezempi. Obabamkhulu bamaKushi bakha namaliba enkathini yeThusi emaphakathi kwezi-3709-3250 BC. IGrisi lasendulo lona lakha izinguxa zengqalasizinda nezempi. Kanjalo neRona lasendulo, kanye nelaseShayina lasendulo, amabutho wakulamazwe ayesebenzisa izinguxa zempi neziqambo zakhona ezifana nemicibisholo eyathuthukiswa cishe ngekhulu lesi-4 BC, kanye nomkhumbi wempi, isicibasidli (ballista) kanye nesihlingi. Amagatsha ayinhloko womNgcikisho UmNgcikisho lunguqeqesho olubanzi oluvame ukuba luhlephulwe lube oqeqesho abambalwa abangaphansi. Nakuba umNgcikishi evame ukuqeqeshwa kuqeqesho oluqondile, angakwazi ukuba abe ngoqeqeshwe nhlazonke ngobungcweti. UmNgcikisho uvame ukuchazwa ngokuthi ngonamagatsha amane: umNgcikisho weziQa, umNgcikisho weNgqalasizinda, umNgcikisho
30943
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhala%20lenkinobho%20yenkanyezi%20yokuphupha
Ikhala lenkinobho yenkanyezi yokuphupha
langempela le-Button Nose ngu-Trish, kodwa ku-anime, yi-Button Nose, hhayi u-Trish. Ividiyo ngokwayo yayisivele yaqedwa ngo 1983 , kodwa kwaba ngemva kweminyaka emibili lapho yavezwa khona ngempela kumabonakude . Amazwibela Intombazane eneminyaka engu-8 ubudala ehlala e-Strawberry Research Institute, i-Button Nose iyinzalo yomndeni wasebukhosini waseFukland Kingdom emhlabeni iCalitontou. Ngolunye usuku, lapho evakashele i-Planet Calitontou, umalume wakhe, inkosi, uDuke Fastener, wazuza isihlalo sobukhosi. I-Buttonnose, eyaba yinkosi yoMbuso WaseHookland kanjalo , izochitha izinsuku ezimnandi eMbusweni WaseHookland abalingiswa Ikhala lenkinobho - Miyuki Muroi (okwamanje ngu-Sanae Miyuki) Franklin - Masagoro Thika u-Tac Bon - u-Akira Kamiya I-Fastener Duke - Yanami Jouji I-Flower Prince - Shinobu Adachi Grand Chamberlain - Hiroshi Otake Isiqeshana -Kazue Komiya Amacici - Rei Sakuma abasebenzi Ukuhlela nokusalungiswa: Atsushi Tomioka (Sanrio) Abakhiqizi: Shinji Nabeshima (Asahi Broadcasting), Tsunemasa Hatano (Sanrio) Umqondisi Omkhulu: Masami Hata Idizayini yoqobo yomlingiswa:
Hoshi no Button Nose " (Yume no Hoshi no Button Nose) iwumdlalo we-anime osakazwa ku -TV Asahi kusukela ngo -Okthoba 19, 1985 kuya ku -April 26 , 1986 . Ididiyelwe ngokuhlanganyela yi- Asahi Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) kanye no -Sanrio . Izikhala zokusakaza zikhona njalo ngoMgqibelo kusukela ngo-19:00 kuya ku-19:30 ( JST ). Iziqephu ezingama-26 sezizonke. Upopayi wokuqala we-TV ka-Sanrio , i-anime equkethe umlingiswa ka-Sanrio ethi Button Nose njengomlingiswa oyinhloko. Ezilungiselelweni ezisemthethweni ze-Sanrio, igama langempela le-Button Nose ngu-Trish, kodwa ku-anime, yi-Button Nose, hhayi u-Trish. Ividiyo ngokwayo yayisivele yaqedwa ngo 1983 , kodwa
30944
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umqongo%20ImPambano
Umqongo ImPambano
noma i-NGC 1976 ) ungumqongo
nangokuthi Messier 42, M42, noma
30945
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukukhanyabanga
Ukukhanyabanga
amamayela ayisigidintathu eziyisi-5.88. Njengokuchasisa kweNhlangano yeZizwe yezomkhathi, ukukhanyabanga kuyibanga elihanjwa ukukhanya
ayizigidigidi eziyisi-9.46, noma amamayela ayisigidintathu eziyisi-5.88. Njengokuchasisa kweNhlangano yeZizwe yezomkhathi,
30946
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULele
ULele
ezincane ezingenazimbali
nezingenamithambo esigabeni
30947
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iziququdi
Iziququdi
lezigxavuli ezikhula ngokuqhubekayo emihlathini ngayinye engenhla
Iziququdi ziyizilwane ezincelisayo zohlelo
30948
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indaba%20yase-Tyroline%20Village
Indaba yase-Tyroline Village
TV kusukela ngo-Ephreli 6, 1992 kuya ku-March 19,
owasakazwa ku-NHK Educational TV kusukela ngo-Ephreli 6,
30950
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhleleleko%20yekhaya
Inhleleleko yekhaya
indlu entwesi. Isimiso senhleleleko yekhaya selusa noma/futhi silawule izici zekhaya ezifana nokukhanyisa,
somchadamezo, izimiso zokuzijabulisa, kanye nezilekeleli. Singase sihlanganise nezokuphepha kwekhaya ezifana nokulawulwa kofikelelo nezimiso zesihlabamkhosi. Lapho
30951
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhleleleko%20yesakhiwo
Inhleleleko yesakhiwo
kombijongo, ingukulawula kwenhleleleko okunyombonisiwe kwe-HVAC (umchadamezo, ukungena nokulawulwa komoya)
okunyombonisiwe kwe-HVAC (umchadamezo, ukungena nokulawulwa komoya) yesakhiwo, amazuba, ukukhanyisa, ukufiphaza, ulawulo lofikelelo,
30953
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiVuvebane
IsiVuvebane
neziveza umphumela wesivuvebane, okuyisimongotho esifundwa kumchazandalo, ivangabane (photochemistry), nakunzubaziqa (electrochemistry).
wesivuvebane, okuyisimongotho esifundwa kumchazandalo, ivangabane (photochemistry), nakunzubaziqa (electrochemistry). Umthelela wesiVuvebane
30954
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukuqavitha%20kuxhakaxholo
Ukuqavitha kuxhakaxholo
kuxhakaxholo ibizo elingabhekisela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxhumana olwenzeka kuxhakaxholo oluhlinzeka ngokufufukiswa kwemiyalezo yemiqhafazo okusheshayo kusuka kuthumelayo kuya kothunyelelwayo. Imiyalezo yokuqavitha ngokuvamile ilufuphi ukuze labo abahlanganyela ekuthumeleni basheshe bayifunde futhi basabele kuyo. Ngalokho, kudaleka umuzwa
izindlela zokuxhumana ezinkundleni zoxhakaxholo nangencwazuba ngomqhafazo. Ukuqavitha kuxhakaxholo luhlanganisa ukuxhumana kwabantu ngapha nangale kanye nokuxhumana ngokusakaza kwabaningi, kanye nokuqavitha ngezwi noma ngombukiso, noma kungaba ulwangu lwenkonzo yolwebu yokungqungquthela
30955
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBangacuphi
IBangacuphi
alungene nalandelanayo esigaba esifanayo samaza, njengasezilubeni ezimalumbe, imikhombe, noma izanhlukano-nguqu, futhi liyinkondolo kokubili yamaza akhenkethayo namaza amileyo, kanye nezinye izifanelo ezenziwa
ukuvingqoza. Liyibanga eliphakathi kwamachopho amabili alungene nalandelanayo esigaba esifanayo samaza, njengasezilubeni ezimalumbe, imikhombe, noma izanhlukano-nguqu, futhi liyinkondolo kokubili
30956
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umjinge
Umjinge
(Hz) alingana nesenzakalo esisodwa ngomzuzwana owodwa. Inkathi ingumgamu wesikhathi ophakathi kwezenzakalo, ngakho inkathi ingumnano womjingo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma inhliziyo inesigqi somjingo wezikhathi eziyi-120 ngomzuzu (amahaza ama-2), inkathi, umgamu—T isigqi esiziphinda ngawo—uyisigamu somzuzwana (imizuzwana engama-60 ehlukaniswa ngezigqi eziyi-120). Umjingo uyisilinganisi esibaluekile esisetshenziswa kwezenzululwazi nakwezomngcikisho ukucacisa izinga lezimongotho ezicikazayo neziqhikizekayo, ezifana
izinga lezimongotho ezicikazayo neziqhikizekayo, ezifana nomqhikizeko wezinguxa, iziyabizo zomsindo, amaza womsakazo, nokukhanya. Izincasiselo nemivo Ezimongothweni eziyingilizayo ezifana nemicikazo, amaza, noma ngokwezibonelo zomdiki wobumbano olulula , ibizo elithi umjingo lichasiswa ngokuthi inani lemiyingilizo noma imiqhikizeko emuveni owodwa wesikhathi. Inkathi T iyisikhathi esidlekayo ekuqedeni ukuyingiliza okukodwa kokucikaza noma ukundiyaza. Ukuhlobana phakathi komjingo nenkathi uchazwa ilesimikithisi Ibizo
30958
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubunzima
Ubunzima
yisiphoqi esisebenza entweni
yamandla womnyondo .
30960
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmLahwe
UmLahwe
yevanga enophawu Rn
uyinhlwa yevanga
30961
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-ChatGPT
I-ChatGPT
ephawulekayo. Emva kokukhululwa kwe-ChatGPT, ukubalwa kwemali ye-OpenAI kwakuhamba kwizigidgidi ezingama-29 ngowezi-2023. Unongo olusha lakwa-OpenAI olubizwa GPT-4, lwakhululwa mhla zili-14 kuNdasa 2023, futhi seluyatholakala kubasebenzisi be- ChatGPT Plus. Ukuqeqeshwa I-ChatGPT iyilungu lomndeni wezinongo zolimi lwesiGwebuzi esesiQeqeshiwe esiPhehlayo (generative pre-trained transformer GPT). Yalolongwa kahle (okuyindlela yokufunda okudluliswayo) kuhlobo oluphuculiwe lakwa-OpenAI
ukunemba kwesiminya sayo okumaqokolo, kuye kwahlonzwa njengengqinamba ephawulekayo. Emva kokukhululwa kwe-ChatGPT, ukubalwa kwemali ye-OpenAI kwakuhamba kwizigidgidi ezingama-29 ngowezi-2023. Unongo olusha lakwa-OpenAI olubizwa GPT-4, lwakhululwa mhla zili-14 kuNdasa 2023, futhi seluyatholakala kubasebenzisi be- ChatGPT Plus. Ukuqeqeshwa I-ChatGPT iyilungu lomndeni wezinongo zolimi lwesiGwebuzi esesiQeqeshiwe esiPhehlayo (generative pre-trained transformer GPT). Yalolongwa kahle (okuyindlela yokufunda okudluliswayo) kuhlobo oluphuculiwe lakwa-OpenAI lwe-GPT-3 olwaziwa ngokuthi "GPT 3.5". Inqubo yokulolongaa kahle yasebenzisa kokubili ukufunda okuqondisiwe kanye nokufunda okugcizilelwe (reinforcement learning) kumdludlungu obizwa
30962
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geragera%20Booth%20Indaba
Geragera Booth Indaba
(~ monotari) uyi-anime yethelevishini esekelwe emgqeni wamahlaya nguWill
eNetherlands. Yasakazwa ku-TV Tokyo kusukela ngo-Ephreli 1987 kuya ku-March 29,
30963
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiCikizikhulu
IsiCikizikhulu
kuqhathaniswa, isiCikizi sasendlini singasebenza maphakathi namakhulu izintantananinqindi (1011) kuya emashumini ezintantananizaca (1013). Kusuka ngoLwezi kowezi-2017, zonke isicikizikhulu ezisheshayo zomhlaba ezingama-500 bezisebenza ngezingqalahlelo olusekwe kwi-Linux. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyenziwa kwelaseMelikq, eYurophu, eThayiwani, eJaphani, naseShayina ukuze
ezingama-500 bezisebenza ngezingqalahlelo olusekwe kwi-Linux. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyenziwa kwelaseMelikq, eYurophu, eThayiwani, eJaphani, naseShayina ukuze kwakhiwe iziCikizikhulu zomlinganisokhulu ezinamandla kakhulu nezibuqabavu ngokobuchwepheshe.
30964
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezibuchophokhulu
Ezibuchophokhulu
ezincelisayo
ziwuhlelo
30972
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inani%20lobuchwe
Inani lobuchwe
seziNzuba zishaywa indiva ngezinjongo eziningi), isisindo seChwe noma yiliphi lapho sivezwa ngomuvo wenani lesisindo seChwe, siphakathi komuvo ekhulwini (1%) walo lonke inani A. AmaChwe anenani lobuchwe elifanayo kodwana anamanani eziNtunge ahlukene, futhi kanjalo anamanani esisindo ahlukene,
liyinani lomlelesa osenuzini yechwe. Enuzini evamile, leli nani lilingana nenani lenelesi noma inani lezinelesi ezisenuzini yawo wonke amachwe aleyonhlwa. Inani lobuchwe lingasasetshenziswa njengesihlonzi sezinhlwa zevanga ezivamile. Echweni elivamile elingaleleswanga, inani lobuchwe lilingana nenani lezinzuba. EChweni elivamile eliqukethe iziNelesi, iziNtunge neziNzuba, isamba senani leChwe Z kanye nenani leNtunge N zakha
30973
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isidlakathi%20samazuba
Isidlakathi samazuba
nomdiki walezo zinhlayiya (ngokuvamile izinzuba ezintanjeni,
Isidlakathi samazuba siyisidlakathi esihlobene
30974
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmQhibuki
UmQhibuki
esicikizwe ngezindlela ezingezona ezindinganiso ebekiwe. Nakuba ibizo elithi umqhibuki seliyamaniswa bokuqhibuka ezokuphepha – umuntu osebenzisa ulwazi analo lobuchule ukuze axhaphaze futhi agqekeze ezimisweni zesicikizi futhi afikelele imininingo engenakufikelelwa kalula – ukuqhibuka ikhono elingasetshenziswa nayizikhungo zomthetho ezimweni ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlangano zomthetho nabaswbenzi bazo ngezinye izikhathi zisebenzisa
ezimisweni zesicikizi futhi afikelele imininingo engenakufikelelwa kalula – ukuqhibuka ikhono elingasetshenziswa nayizikhungo zomthetho ezimweni ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlangano zomthetho nabaswbenzi bazo ngezinye izikhathi zisebenzisa ubunyoninco bokuqhibuka ukuze ziqoqe ubufakazi ngezigilamkhuba nezigebengu. Lokhu kungahlanganisa amathuluzi wokungaziwa (afana ne-VPN, noma ulwebu olufiphele) ukuze zisitheze ubuhlonzi bazo kuxhakaxholo, ngokuzishaya sengathi ziyizigebengu nazo. Ngokufanayo, izinhlangano zabancondi zomhlaba nazo zingasebenzisa ubunyoninco bokuqhibuka