newmindai/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a16-8nodes

Abstract

This repository provides a domain-adapted Turkish legal instruction-tuned model derived from meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct. This model corresponds to the BF16 baseline configuration trained on 8 nodes with a global batch size of 32 as part of the “Harnessing Fully Sharded Data Parallelism v2 with Float8 Precision for Faster Training” study. The model was fine-tuned on the newmindai/EuroHPC-Legal corpus (Q/A format) to enhance reasoning across multiple Turkish legal subdomains. It delivers stable convergence, high accuracy, and consistent loss behavior, making it an important baseline for evaluating mixed-precision strategies under large-scale distributed training.

Experiment Context

This model was trained as part of our study for comparing FSDP2 with bfloat16 precision against FSDP2 with FP8 mixed precision bfp16-fp8. We used meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct. The model has been loaded using torch_dtype = bfloat16 and wrapped at once, also during forward/backward passes bfloat16 has been used for computations.

from torch.distributed._composable.fsdp import fully_shard
mesh_device_type = "cuda" if use_cuda else "cpu"
mesh = DeviceMesh(mesh_device_type, list(range(world_size)))
fsdp_kwargs = {
    "mesh": mesh,
    "reshard_after_forward": True,
}
model = fully_shard(model, **fsdp_kwargs)

Base Model Technical Specifications

• Parameters: 8 Billion
• Architecture Family: Llama 3.1
• Maximum Position Embeddings: 131,072
• Attention Heads: 32 (num_attention_heads)
• Key-Value Heads: 8 (num_key_value_heads)
• Hidden Layers: 32 (num_hidden_layers)
• Hidden Size: 4,096 (hidden_size)
• Intermediate Size: 14,336
• Vocabulary Size: 128,256
• Precision: bfloat16
• RoPE Scaling: type llama3, factor = 8.0
• RMS Norm Epsilon: 1e-05
• Activation: SiLU

Training Methodology

Training Configuration

• Model: meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct
• Sequence Length: 4,096 (seq_len)
• Epochs: 2
• Max Steps: 1,200
• Per-Device Micro Batch Size: 4
• Gradient Accumulation: 8
• GPUs: 4 (via CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0,1,2,3)
• dtype: bf16 && fp8=false
  • Weights: bfloat16
  • Activations: bfloat16
• Optimizer: AdamW
  • Learning Rate: 2e-5
  • Weight Decay: 0.01
  • Betas: (0.9, 0.95)
  • Epsilon: 1e-8
• LR Scheduler: Cosine; warmup = 10% (warmup_ratio=0.1) | also warmup_steps=100
• Max Grad Norm: 1.0
• Gradient Checkpointing: Enabled
• Checkpointing: every 10 steps; keep last 5; select best by eval_loss
• Logging: every step to file; Weights & Biases in offline mode
• Seed: 100
• Distributed Training: torch.distributed.run (multi-nodes, multi-GPU)
  • FSDP2 (Optimized Fully Sharded Data Parallel)

Setups

• Precision: Used Half-precision bfloat16 as data type and for computation.
• Hardware: HPC (EuroHPC/BSC-class) 8 nodes with 4 × NVIDIA H100 GPUs.
• Framework: PyTorch with torchrun for distributed training.

Dependencies

package	Version
Transformers	4.57.1
torch	2.9.0+cu128
accelerate	0.14.1
datasets	4.3.0
huggingface-hub	0.36.0
tensorboard	2.20.0
tensorboard-data-server	0.7.2
wandb	0.22.1

Job Details

model	Job ID	Runtime (mins)	Nodes	GPUs	Node-hour	GPU-hour	micro-batch	batch-size	gradient_accumulation	total_batch_size
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a16-1node	31472940	51.50	1	4	0.858	3.433	2	2	4	32
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a8-1node	31473092	47.25	1	4	0.788	3.151	2	2	4	32
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a16-4nodes	31478433	31.75	4	4	2.117	8.467	4	4	8	512
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a8-4nodes	31478468	39.75	4	4	2.650	10.600	4	4	8	512
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a16-8nodes	31476914	22.00	8	4	2.933	11.733	4	4	8	1024
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a8-8nodes	31476844	23.50	8	4	3.133	12.533	4	4	8	1024

Computational Infrastructure

• Platform: HPC
• GPUs: NVIDIA H100 (32)

All 6-models trained on(1Node,4Noes,8Nodes with both bfp16-fp8 && bfp16 configurations)

perplexity metric results for bfp16 && bfp16-fp8 configurations	Accuracy metric results for bfp16 && bfp16-fp8 configurations	Loss metric results for bfp16 && bfp16-fp8 configurations	Memory allocation for bfp16 && bfp16-fp8 configurations	Utilization for bfp16 && bfp16-fp8 configurations

Model	Batch Size	Max Loss (train)	Min Loss (train)	Avg Loss (train)	± Std (train)	Final Loss (train)	Max Loss (val)	Min Loss (val)	Avg Loss (val)	± Std (val)	Final Loss (val)	Total Step	Best Step
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a16-1node	8	3.1235	0.7203	0.9750	0.3344	0.7612	1.9113	0.8907	0.9831	0.1897	0.8907	312	—
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a8-1node	8	3.1661	0.7261	0.9804	0.3374	0.7672	1.9230	0.8948	0.9867	0.1906	0.8951	312	—
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a16-4nodes	32	3.2452	0.7414	0.9665	0.4844	0.7504	1.0538	0.8382	0.8844	0.0725	0.8382	70	—
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a8-4nodes	32	3.2840	0.7478	0.9748	0.4905	0.7581	1.0701	0.8430	0.8922	0.0764	0.8430	70	—
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a16-8nodes	32	3.2311	0.8448	1.1856	0.6434	0.8448	1.0257	0.8977	0.9460	0.0568	0.8977	35	—
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a8-8nodes	32	3.3003	0.8473	1.1866	0.6481	0.8473	1.0203	0.8992	0.9445	0.0539	0.8992	35	—

Implementation

Usage

Note: the final model has been saved in bfloat16 format. For inference, load the model in bfloat16 or float16 as shown below:

from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
import torch
model_name = "newmindai/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-w16a16-8nodes"
dtype = torch.bfloat16
tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_name,
    torch_dtype=dtype,
    device_map="auto"
)
prompt = "Soru: Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Kanunu uyarınca hangi durumlarda açık rıza aranmaz? Cevap:"
inputs = tok(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
with torch.no_grad():
    out = model.generate(
        **inputs,
        max_new_tokens=256,
        do_sample=False
    )

print(tok.decode(out[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

Ethical Considerations and Disclaimers

• Research & development purposes only; not a substitute for professional legal counsel.
• Users must ensure compliance with data protection and sector regulations.
• Potential biases may exist in domain data and model outputs.

Model & Data Card Metadata

• Total Parameters: 8,030,261,248
• Serialized Size (approx.): 16,060,522,496 bytes
• Config precision: bfloat16
• RoPE: llama3 scaling, factor 8.0

References and Citations

Base Model

@misc{meta_llama31_8b_instruct,
  title={Llama 3.1 8B Instruct},
  author={Meta AI},
  year={2024},
  howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct}}
}

Training Dataset

@misc{euro_hpc_legal,
  title={EuroHPC-Legal},
  author={newmindai},
  year={2025},
  howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/newmindai/EuroHPC-Legal}}
}