Dataset Viewer
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[
{
"content": "The function \\( g(x) \\) satisfies the functional equation\n\\[ g(x + y) = g(x) + g(y) \\]\nfor all real numbers \\( x \\) and \\( y \\), and it is given that \\( g(3) = 4 \\). Find \\( g(10) \\).",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Given the functional equation and the specific value \\( g(3) = 4 \\), we can find \\( g(1) \\) by using the equation multiple times:\n\\[\ng(3) = g(2) + g(1)\n\\]\n\\[\ng(2) = g(1) + g(1) = 2g(1)\n\\]\nThus,\n\\[\n4 = 2g(1) + g(1) = 3g(1)\n\\]\n\\[\ng(1) = \\frac{4}{3}\n\\]\nNow we can find \\( g(10) \\) using \\( g(1) \\):\n\\[\ng(10) = 10g(1) = 10 \\times \\frac{4}{3} = \\frac{40}{3}\n\\]\nHence, the value of \\( g(10) \\) is \\(\\boxed{\\frac{40}{3}}\\).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Ben twice chooses a random integer between 1 and 60, inclusive. What is the probability that at least one of the numbers Ben chooses is a multiple of 4?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "First, we find the number of multiples of 4 between 1 and 60. The smallest multiple of 4 is $4 \\times 1 = 4$ and the largest multiple of 4 within 60 is $4 \\times 15 = 60$. Hence, there are 15 multiples of 4.\n\nThe total number of integers between 1 to 60 is 60. Therefore, the number of integers that are not multiples of 4 is $60 - 15 = 45$.\n\nThe probability that a single number chosen is not a multiple of 4 is $\\frac{45}{60} = \\frac{3}{4}$. If Ben chooses two numbers independently, the probability that neither number is a multiple of 4 is $\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^2 = \\frac{9}{16}$.\n\nThus, the probability that at least one of the numbers is a multiple of 4 is $1 - \\frac{9}{16} = \\frac{7}{16}$.\n\nTherefore, the final answer is:\n\\[\n\\boxed{\\frac{7}{16}}\n\\]",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Find all values of $x$ that satisfy the equation $|2x-5| = 3x + 1$.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We can solve the equation $|2x-5| = 3x + 1$ by considering two cases for the absolute value.\n\n**Case 1**: When $2x - 5 \\geq 0$, which simplifies to $x \\geq \\frac{5}{2}$.\n\\[\n2x - 5 = 3x + 1\n\\Rightarrow -x = 6\n\\Rightarrow x = -6\n\\]\nHowever, $x = -6$ does not satisfy $x \\geq \\frac{5}{2}$. Thus, no solutions exist in this case.\n\n**Case 2**: When $2x - 5 < 0$, which implies $x < \\frac{5}{2}$.\n\\[\n-(2x-5) = 3x + 1\n\\Rightarrow -2x + 5 = 3x + 1\n\\Rightarrow 5x = 4\n\\Rightarrow x = \\frac{4}{5}\n\\]\nWe then check if $x = \\frac{4}{5}$ meets $x < \\frac{5}{2}$ which is true.\n\nSubstituting $x = \\frac{4}{5}$ back into the original equation to verify,\n\\[\n|2(\\frac{4}{5}) - 5| = 3(\\frac{4}{5}) + 1\n\\Rightarrow |-\\frac{1}{5}| = \\frac{12}{5} + 1\n\\Rightarrow \\frac{1}{5} = \\frac{17}{5}\n\\]\nThis claim is incorrect; therefore, no solution arises from this case as well. Both checks failed.\n\nConclusion:\nThere are no values of $x$ that satisfy the given equation. Therefore, the answer is $\\boxed{\\text{no solution}}$.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "How can you help me? I'm writing an essay and need assistance in revising my work for better structure and clarity.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "I can help you refine your essay by reviewing your text and providing suggestions to improve its structure, clarity, and overall flow. I can also assist in identifying areas where the writing may be unclear or difficult to understand and offer alternatives to make your points more concise and impactful.\n\nPlease go ahead and share the essay you're working on, and let me know what specific areas you're concerned about or would like me to focus on. Is it the introduction, transitions between paragraphs, supporting evidence, or the conclusion? Or would you like a general review of the entire piece?",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What does constructive criticism mean?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Constructive criticism refers to feedback that is intended to help improve or enhance something, in this case, your writing. It's a type of feedback that is specific, objective, and actionable, aiming to point out areas that need improvement while also offering suggestions or alternatives to help you address those issues.\n\nConstructive criticism is not about simply criticizing or tearing down your work, but rather about providing helpful insights and guidance to assist you in refining your writing and making it more effective. It's a supportive and collaborative approach, and I'll be using this approach to help you improve your essay.\n\nWhen I provide feedback, I'll be pointing out specific areas that could be improved, explaining why, and offering concrete suggestions or alternatives to help you strengthen your writing. This will allow you to make informed decisions about how to revise your work and ultimately produce a stronger, more polished essay.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How can you specifically assist in an edit of my essay that clarifies what I mean to say and improves its impact?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To help clarify your intended meaning and improve the impact of your essay, I can assist in several ways:\n\nI'll review your text to identify areas where the language may be ambiguous, unclear, or wordy, and suggest rewordings or rephrasings that convey your intended meaning more effectively. This may involve simplifying complex sentences, eliminating jargon or technical terms that may be unfamiliar to your audience, and using more precise and concise language.\n\nI'll also examine the structure and organization of your essay to ensure that your ideas are presented in a logical and coherent manner. This may involve reordering sentences or paragraphs, adding transitional phrases to connect your ideas, and suggesting alternative ways to introduce or conclude your main points.\n\nAdditionally, I'll look for opportunities to make your writing more engaging and impactful by suggesting ways to add more vivid imagery, varied sentence structures, and rhetorical devices such as metaphors, analogies, or allusions.\n\nIf there are areas where your argument or claims could be supported with more evidence or examples, I'll suggest ways to incorporate these elements to make your writing more persuasive and convincing. I'll also help you identify and eliminate unnecessary words or phrases that may be diluting the impact of your message.\n\nThroughout the editing process, I'll strive to preserve your unique voice and perspective while helping you to communicate your ideas more clearly, effectively, and persuasively.\n\nPlease go ahead and share your essay, and I'll get started on providing feedback to help you achieve your writing goals.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "Extract and present the main key point of the input text in one very short sentence, including essential details like dates or locations if necessary.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Hi Michael,\n\nI hope you're doing well! I wanted to follow up on our conversation from the Math Educators Forum about collaborating on decimal operation worksheets. I'm excited to work together and combine our strengths to create something great for our students.\n\nI was thinking we could meet in person to discuss our plans and goals for the project. I live in Oakville and you're in Pinecrest, right? There's a great coffee shop called \"The Bean Counter\" that's about halfway between us. Would you be available to meet there next Saturday, March 14th, at 10 AM? Let me know if that works for you or if you have any other suggestions.\n\nLooking forward to working together!\n\nBest,\nSarah",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Sarah is proposing a meeting at \"The Bean Counter\" in Oakville on March 14th at 10 AM to collaborate on decimal operation worksheets.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "You're an AI assistant for text re-writing. Rewrite the input text to make it more concise while preserving its core meaning.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "I'm thrilled to share a recent project that has been a labor of love and a significant milestone in my career: the restoration of a 16th-century astrolabe at the Historical Science Museum in London. This intricate instrument, a marvel of medieval craftsmanship, was in a state of disrepair when I first encountered it. The corrosion and missing parts presented a formidable challenge, but after months of meticulous work, I'm proud to say that it now stands restored to its former glory.\n\nOne of the most rewarding moments came when I discovered a hidden engraving on the back of the astrolabe, which provided invaluable insights into its history and provenance. This experience reinforced my belief in the importance of preserving such artifacts, not just for their historical value but for the stories they tell and the connections they forge between past and present.\n\nI had the honor of giving a lecture at the museum on the role of astrolabes in navigation and astronomy, and the enthusiastic response from the audience was truly inspiring. If you have any similar experiences or projects to share, or if you'd like to collaborate on future endeavors, I'd love to hear from you! 🌟\n\n#HistoricalAstronomy #AstrolabeRestoration #Preservation #MuseumLife",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "I'm excited to share my recent project: restoring a 16th-century astrolabe at the Historical Science Museum in London. This intricate medieval instrument was badly corroded and missing parts, but after months of work, it's now restored. A hidden engraving on the back provided crucial historical insights. I also gave a lecture on astrolabes, which was well-received. If you have similar experiences or want to collaborate, let me know! 🌟\n\n#HistoricalAstronomy #AstrolabeRestoration #Preservation #MuseumLife",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-rewrite
|
[
{
"content": "You're an AI assistant for text re-writing. Rewrite the input text to make it more friendly and approachable while maintaining its main points.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Dr. Thompson,\n\nI’ve reviewed the latest draft of the Listeria campaign, and I must say I’m disappointed. You seem to have ignored several of my suggestions, particularly the ones about emphasizing the importance of proper food storage and handling. I understand you might have your own ideas, but this is a critical issue, and we need to ensure the public is fully informed.\n\nIf this keeps up, I’ll have to escalate this to our department head.\n\nEmily Jenkins, Ph.D.\nPublic Health Professional, Food Safety Specialist",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Hi Dr. Thompson,\n\nI hope you're doing well. I’ve had a chance to review the latest draft of the Listeria campaign, and I wanted to share some thoughts. While there’s a lot of good information, I noticed that some of my previous suggestions, especially those about the importance of proper food storage and handling, weren’t included. I know you have your own creative vision, and I really appreciate that, but these points are crucial for public safety.\n\nI’m confident we can work together to make this campaign as effective as possible. If we can, let’s discuss how to integrate these key messages. I’m here to support you in any way I can, and I believe with a bit of collaboration, we can create something truly impactful.\n\nLooking forward to your thoughts.\n\nBest regards,\nEmily Jenkins, Ph.D.\nPublic Health Professional, Food Safety Specialist",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-rewrite
|
[
{
"content": "Adam had a farm with animals. He had 12 cows and twice as many sheep. He decided to buy 3 pigs for every sheep he had. How many animals were on the farm after the transaction?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Adam had 12 cows.\nHe had twice as many sheep as cows, so he had 12 * 2 = 24 sheep.\nHe decided to buy 3 pigs for every sheep he had, so he bought 24 * 3 = 72 pigs.\nIn total, after the transaction, Adam had 12 cows + 24 sheep + 72 pigs = 108 animals on the farm.\n#### 108\nThe answer is: 108",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
metamathqa-50k
|
[
{
"content": "Provide a concise, objective summary of the input text in up to three sentences, focusing on key actions and intentions without using second or third person pronouns.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Emily,\n\nIt's fantastic to hear about the successful treatment of the infant's heat rash! I'm glad my advice was helpful, and I'm always happy to collaborate with a fellow pediatrician who shares my passion for addressing skin conditions in children.\n\nI'm definitely still interested in working together on the heat rash prevention project. It's an important topic, and I believe our combined expertise can make a real difference.\n\nThank you for the warm invitation to meet up during my visit to your city. I'll be arriving on the 15th and staying until the 20th. I would love to take you up on your offer to show me around and sample some local cuisine. Perhaps we could meet on the 17th or 18th?\n\nPlease let me know which date works best for you, and I'll make the necessary arrangements. I'm looking forward to our collaboration and to exploring your beautiful city!\n\nBest,\nMichael",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Michael is pleased about the successful treatment of the infant's heat rash and is keen to collaborate on a heat rash prevention project. He will be visiting the city from the 15th to the 20th and is interested in meeting up on the 17th or 18th to discuss the project and explore the city. Michael is looking forward to the collaboration and the opportunity to sample local cuisine.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "Implement a Python function to convert a 32-bit unsigned integer into its 16-bit signed equivalent by extending the sign bit. Use bitwise operations, and do not use the `int` object's built-in `to_bytes` method.\n\nYour code should pass the following test case:\n```python\n# Test cases\nassert convert_to_16_bit_signed(0x00000000) == 0x0000\nassert convert_to_16_bit_signed(0xFFFFFFFF) == 0xFFFF\nassert convert_to_16_bit_signed(0x7FFFFFFF) == 0x7FFF\nassert convert_to_16_bit_signed(0x80000000) == 0x8000\n```",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To convert a 32-bit unsigned integer to its 16-bit signed equivalent by extending the sign bit, we can use bitwise operations and masking. First, we need to extract the sign bit from the 32-bit unsigned integer by shifting it right by 31 bits and masking it with 1. Then, we can shift the 32-bit unsigned integer right by 16 bits to extract the 16 most significant bits. Finally, we can combine the sign bit and the 16 most significant bits to form the 16-bit signed equivalent.\n\nHere is a Python function that implements this approach:\n\n```python\ndef convert_to_16_bit_signed(num: int) -> int:\n sign_bit = (num >> 31) & 1\n most_significant_16_bits = num >> 16\n result = (sign_bit << 15) | most_significant_16_bits\n return result\n```",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "You are a charming vampire, immortal and powerful, trying to maintain your humanity in a modern world.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "I'm trying to set up voiceover functionality on my iPhone, but I'm not sure where to start. Can you guide me through the process?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Of course, even as a vampire, technology can be a bit of a challenge sometimes. Here's how to enable VoiceOver on your iPhone:\n\n1. Open the 'Settings' app. It's typically found on the home screen.\n\n2. Scroll down and tap 'Accessibility'. This is in the third group of options.\n\n3. Tap 'VoiceOver' in the 'Vision' category.\n\n4. Tap the 'VoiceOver' switch to toggle it on. You'll see a pop-up warning that VoiceOver changes the way you interact with your device. \n\n5. Tap 'Enable' to confirm that you want to turn VoiceOver on. \n\nYou'll now hear a description of everything you touch on the screen. To select an item, you'll need to double-tap it rather than just tapping it once. To scroll, you'll need to use three fingers instead of one. \n\nRemember, you can turn off VoiceOver at any time by going back to the VoiceOver settings and toggling the switch off. If you're finding the new navigation gestures difficult, you might want to turn VoiceOver off until you're ready to practice some more. \n\nHope this helps in your journey to mastering modern technology!",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Can you guide me on how to turn off the VoiceOver function, just in case I need to?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Absolutely, turning off VoiceOver is just as easy as turning it on. Here's how:\n\n1. Open the 'Settings' app.\n\n2. Scroll down and tap 'Accessibility'.\n\n3. Tap 'VoiceOver' in the 'Vision' category.\n\n4. Tap the 'VoiceOver' switch to toggle it off.\n\nRemember, with VoiceOver enabled, you'll need to double-tap items instead of single-tapping and use three fingers to scroll. So, to turn off VoiceOver, you'll double-tap the switch instead of just tapping it once. \n\nIf you're struggling to turn off VoiceOver using the screen, you can also use Siri. Just press and hold the side button (or Home button on models with a physical button) to activate Siri, and then say \"Turn off VoiceOver\".",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
systemchats-30k
|
[
{
"content": "A swarm of ants discovered a pile of sugar that spilled from a dropped bag. They begin to harvest it and carry it off to their anthill. Every hour, the ants remove 4 ounces of sugar. The bag of sugar held 24 ounces before it was dropped. After three hours, how many more hours will the ants need to harvest the remaining sugar?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "After each hour, the ants remove 4 ounces of sugar, so after three hours, they have removed 4 * 3 = 12 ounces of sugar.\nThe bag originally held 24 ounces of sugar, so there are 24 - 12 = 12 ounces of sugar remaining.\nThe ants remove 4 ounces of sugar every hour, so they will need 12 / 4 = 3 more hours to harvest the remaining sugar.\n#### 3\nThe answer is: 3",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
metamathqa-50k
|
[
{
"content": "Consider a Python function `flatten_json` that takes a JSON object (a nested dictionary with string keys and values that may themselves be nested dictionaries) as input and returns a flat dictionary whose keys are the path to the original dictionary, and whose values are the values of the corresponding attributes. For example, the input\n\n```python\n{\n \"a\": {\n \"b\": \"1\",\n \"c\": {\n \"d\": \"3\"\n }\n },\n \"e\": \"2\"\n}\n```\n\nshould produce:\n\n```python\n{\n \"a.b\": \"1\",\n \"a.c.d\": \"3\",\n \"e\": \"2\"\n}\n```\n\nThe keys are joined with a period ('.') to indicate the nested structure.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To flatten a JSON object into a single-level dictionary, you can use a recursive function that traverses the nested dictionaries and concatenates the current key with each nested key to produce the final path.\n\nHere's a possible solution:\n\n```python\ndef flatten_json(nested_json, separator='.'):\n flattened_json = {}\n \n def flatten(x, name=''):\n if type(x) is dict:\n for a in x:\n flatten(x[a], name + a + separator)\n elif type(x) is list:\n i = 0\n for a in x:\n flatten(a, name + str(i) + separator)\n i += 1\n else:\n flattened_json[name[:-1]] = x\n \n flatten(nested_json)\n return flattened_json\n```\n\nThe `flatten_json` function takes a nested JSON object and a separator (default is '.') as arguments. It then defines a recursive function `flatten` that traverses the nested dictionary and concatenates the current key with each nested key to produce the final path. If the current value is a dictionary, it recursively calls `flatten` for each key-value pair. If the current value is a list, it recursively calls `flatten` for each element with an index as its key. Finally, if the current value is neither a dictionary nor a list, it adds the current key-value pair to the final flattened dictionary.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "Please answer the following question: The following article contains an answer for the question: What is the full name of the person who abandoned a romance due to someone's father? , can you please find it? From her Parkville jail cell, Vergie Winters watches the funeral procession of Senator John Shadwell and remembers her twenty-year past with him: The moment young lawyer John returns to Parkville from an extended honeymoon with his social climbing wife Laura, he visits Vergie, his former lover. After a passionate embrace, John explains to the youthful milliner that he had abandoned their romance because Vergie's father had told him that she was pregnant by laborer Hugo McQueen and would be forced to marry. Vergie then tells John that, to keep her from marrying John, Laura's father had paid her father $10,000 to tell him that devastating lie. Still deeply in love, John and Vergie continue to see each other, but when John starts to campaign for Congress, Preston, a political boss, informs Vergie that, if John is to receive his vital support, she must forego their affair. Although Vergie agrees to Preston's terms, John refuses to end the relationship and spends a long evening with her before the election. After a victorious win, John moves to Washington, D.C. with Laura, Vergie bears his child under an assumed name. John then adopts the baby, named Joan, whom he claims is the child of a destitute family friend. At the start of World War I, John returns to Parkville and once again resumes his affair with Vergie. When one of John's late night rendezvous is witnessed by a town gossip and reported to Mike Davey, John's only political enemy, Vergie's successful millinery shop is boycotted, and she is shunned by all but the local prostitutes. In addition, Davey hires Preston's son Barry to steal from Preston's home safe a page from a hotel register on which Vergie had written her assumed name. As Barry is breaking into his father's safe, however, Preston mistakes him for a burglar and kills him, but tells his butler that a burglar shot his son.\nA:",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The full name of the person who abandoned a romance due to someone's father is John Shadwell.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Write a Python function that accepts two strings as input, string1 and string2. The function should return True if string1's characters can be rearranged to exactly match the characters of string2 in any order, ignoring case (e.g., \"abc\" matches \"cba\" or \"CbA\", while \"ab\" does not match \"AbC\"). Otherwise, the function should return False.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "You can create a Python function that checks if the characters of one string can be rearranged to exactly match the characters of another string, ignoring case.\n\nHere's how you could do it:\n\n```python\ndef match_characters(string1, string2):\n sorted_string1 = sorted(string1.lower())\n sorted_string2 = sorted(string2.lower())\n if sorted_string1 == sorted_string2:\n return True\n else:\n return False\n```",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "You're an AI assistant for text re-writing. Rewrite the input text to make it more concise while preserving its core meaning.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Hi Olivia,\n\nIt was great meeting you at the conference last week! I really enjoyed our conversation about the intersection of nutrition and learning difficulties in children. I think our expertise could complement each other well.\n\nI was wondering if you'd be interested in collaborating on a workshop for parents and educators on how nutrition can impact children with ADHD and learning difficulties. I believe our combined knowledge could provide valuable insights for the community.\n\nPlease let me know if this is something you'd like to explore further. I'd be happy to discuss potential topics and logistics.\n\nBest regards,\nEmily",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Hi Olivia,\n\nGreat meeting you last week! I enjoyed our talk on nutrition and learning difficulties in children. I think we could complement each other well.\n\nWould you be interested in co-hosting a workshop for parents and educators on how nutrition affects children with ADHD and learning difficulties? Our combined expertise could offer valuable insights.\n\nLet me know if you're interested, and we can discuss details.\n\nBest,\nEmily",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-rewrite
|
[
{
"content": "Extract and present the main key point of the input text in one very short sentence, including essential details like dates or locations if necessary.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Dear Alexander,\n\nThank you for reaching out regarding your term paper. I appreciate your enthusiasm for the topic and your desire to explore the military factors that contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire. Your focus on leadership and strategy is a promising avenue for analysis, and I believe you can create a compelling argument by examining how these elements influenced the empire's decline.\n\nTo help you narrow down your focus, I suggest considering the following questions:\n1. How did the quality of military leadership change during the later years of the empire, and what impact did this have on the effectiveness of the Roman army?\n2. Were there specific military strategies or tactics employed by the Romans that proved ineffective against barbarian invasions, and why?\n3. How did the empire's military resources and infrastructure fare during this period, and how did this affect their ability to defend their territory?\n\nAs for sources, I recommend starting with the following:\n- \"The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Army\" edited by Paul Erdkamp\n- \"The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians\" by Peter Heather\n- \"The Roman Army at War: 100 BC - AD 200\" by Adrian Goldsworthy\n\nThese works should provide you with a solid foundation for understanding the military context of the empire's decline and help you develop your thesis.\n\nI look forward to seeing how your paper takes shape. Please feel free to reach out if you have any further questions or if you would like to discuss your progress.\n\nBest regards,\nProf. Emily Nguyen",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Prof. Emily Nguyen provides guidance on a term paper about the military factors in the fall of the Roman Empire.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"xgcd\",\"description\":\"Calculates the GCD and the coefficients of the linear combination of a and b using the extended Euclidean algorithm.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"a\":{\"type\":\"integer\",\"description\":\"The first integer.\"},\"b\":{\"type\":\"integer\",\"description\":\"The second integer.\"}},\"required\":[\"a\",\"b\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"filter_incomplete\",\"description\":\"Filters a list of dictionaries to return only those with 'status' key equal to 'incomplete'.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"rows\":{\"type\":\"array\",\"items\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"additionalProperties\":{\"type\":\"string\"}},\"description\":\"A list of dictionaries, each representing a row in a database.\"}},\"required\":[\"rows\"]}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "I want to filter the following database records to only include incomplete tasks: task A is pending, task B is incomplete, task C is complete, task D is incomplete, task E is pending.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"filter_incomplete\", \"arguments\": {\"rows\": \"[{\\\"task\\\": \\\"A\\\", \\\"status\\\": \\\"pending\\\"}, {\\\"task\\\": \\\"B\\\", \\\"status\\\": \\\"incomplete\\\"}, {\\\"task\\\": \\\"C\\\", \\\"status\\\": \\\"complete\\\"}, {\\\"task\\\": \\\"D\\\", \\\"status\\\": \\\"incomplete\\\"}, {\\\"task\\\": \\\"E\\\", \\\"status\\\": \\\"pending\\\"}]\"}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "Xiao Ming's home is 2 kilometers away from the school, and he usually rides a bicycle to school. One day, his bicycle broke, so Xiao Ming had to walk to school. It is known that Xiao Ming's cycling speed is 4 times his walking speed, and as a result, he arrived at school 20 minutes later than usual. What are Xiao Ming's walking and cycling speeds?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Let's denote Xiao Ming's walking speed as $x$ kilometers per hour.\n\nAccording to the problem, we have the equation: $\\left(1\\right) \\frac{2}{x} - \\frac{2}{4x} = \\frac{20}{60} \\left(6\\right)$.\n\nSolving this equation, we find $x = 4.5$.\n\nUpon verification, $x = 4.5$ is a solution to the fractional equation and is consistent with the problem statement. $\\left(10\\right)$.\n\nTherefore, the cycling speed is $4.5 \\times 4 = 18$ kilometers per hour $\\left(\\right)$.\n\nAnswer: Xiao Ming's walking speed is $\\boxed{4.5}$ kilometers per hour, and his cycling speed is $\\boxed{18}$ kilometers per hour. $\\left(12\\right)$.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Let $m$ and $n$ be consecutive odd numbers, with $n < m$. Determine the largest integer which divides all possible numbers of the form $m^2 - n^2$.\nChoices: \n$\\textbf{(A)}\\ 2\\qquad \\textbf{(B)}\\ 4\\qquad \\textbf{(C)}\\ 6\\qquad \\textbf{(D)}\\ 8\\qquad \\textbf{(E)}\\ 16$",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Since $m$ and $n$ are consecutive odd numbers, let $m = n + 2$. Substitute this into the expression $m^2 - n^2$:\n\\[\nm^2 - n^2 = (n+2)^2 - n^2 = (n+2+n)(n+2-n) = (2n+2)(2).\n\\]\nSimplifying this:\n\\[\n(2n+2)(2) = 4(n+1).\n\\]\nSince $n$ is an odd number, $n+1$ is even, and thus $4(n+1)$ is always divisible by $4$. To check whether this is the maximum divisor, we need to consider whether it is divisible by a larger number from the given choices:\n\n- **Divisibility by 8**: $4(n+1)$ is divisible by 8 only if $n+1$ is divisible by 2, which is always true since $n+1$ is even. Therefore, $4(n+1)$ is always divisible by 8.\n \nThus, the largest integer that divides all numbers of the form $m^2 - n^2$ where $m$ and $n$ are consecutive odd numbers is $\\boxed{8}$.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "A box of ice cream bars costs $x and contains three bars. 6 friends want to each eat 2 bars. How much money will that require per person?\nIf we know the answer to the above question is 5, what is the value of unknown variable x?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A box of ice cream bars costs $x and contains three bars, so the cost per bar is $x/3.\nEach friend wants to eat 2 bars, so the total cost per person is 2 * ($x/3) = $2x/3.\nWe are given that the cost per person is $5, so we can write: $2x/3 = $5.\nMultiplying both sides by 3, we get: 2x = $15.\nDividing both sides by 2, we get: x = $7.50.\nThe value of x is $7.50.\n#### 7.5\nThe answer is: 7.5",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
metamathqa-50k
|
[
{
"content": "Randy just started playing the piano at a certain age. His friend Sheila told him about the 10,000-hour rule which says, after 10,000 hours of practice, you become an expert or master in your field. If Randy wants to become a piano expert before he is 20, he will need to practice 5 hours a day, Monday – Friday, and take two weeks off for vacation each year. How old is Randy now?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To calculate Randy's current age, we need to determine how many hours of practice he will accumulate by the time he is 20, and then work backwards to find out how many years it will take him to reach 10,000 hours at the rate of 5 hours a day, Monday through Friday.\n\nFirst, let's calculate the number of practice hours per week:\n5 hours/day * 5 days/week = 25 hours/week\n\nNext, let's calculate the number of practice weeks per year, accounting for the two weeks of vacation:\n52 weeks/year - 2 weeks = 50 weeks/year\n\nNow, let's calculate the number of practice hours per year:\n25 hours/week * 50 weeks/year = 1,250 hours/year\n\nTo become an expert, Randy needs to accumulate 10,000 hours of practice. Let's find out how many years it will take him to reach this goal:\n10,000 hours / 1,250 hours/year = 8 years\n\nNow, if Randy wants to become an expert by the time he is 20, we need to subtract the number of years it will take him to accumulate 10,000 hours from age 20:\n20 years - 8 years = 12 years\n\nTherefore, Randy is currently $\\boxed{12}$ years old.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Suppose there is an integer such that when cubed, the result is the sum of the cubes of four consecutive smaller positive integers. Let's call this integer n and the four smaller consecutive integers k, k+1, k+2 and k+3. Write down the equation expressing this relationship.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "This problem can be expressed as an equation where the cube of the integer n equals the sum of the cubes of the four consecutive smaller integers k, k+1, k+2, and k+3. The equation representing this relationship can be written as:\n\nn^3 = k^3 + (k+1)^3 + (k+2)^3 + (k+3)^3.\n\nThis equation captures the given condition, relating the cube of the unknown integer n to the sum of the cubes of the four smaller consecutive integers starting from k.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the relationship between this problem and the general equation n^3 = k^3 + (k+1)^3 + ... + (k+m-1)^3?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The given problem is a specific instance of the more general equation n^3 = k^3 + (k+1)^3 + ... + (k+m-1)^3, where m = 4. In other words, the problem at hand considers a sum of four consecutive cubes, while the general equation considers a sum of m consecutive cubes.\n\nThe general equation represents a broader class of problems, and solving it would provide insight into the conditions under which the sum of m consecutive cubes can equal a perfect cube. By setting m = 4, we recover the original problem. Other choices of m would yield different problems with distinct solutions.\n\nIt's worth noting that the general equation has connections to various areas of number theory, such as Diophantine equations and the study of sums of powers. Exploring this equation for different values of m could lead to interesting and non-trivial results.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What can we infer about the parity of n and k from the equation n^3 = k^3 + (k+1)^3 + (k+2)^3 + (k+3)^3?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "From the equation n^3 = k^3 + (k+1)^3 + (k+2)^3 + (k+3)^3, we can make some observations about the parity of n and k.\n\nNotice that (k+1)^3 and (k+3)^3 have the same parity (both odd or both even), and (k+2)^3 is of the opposite parity to k^3. When we sum these four terms, the two terms with the same parity as k^3 + (k+2)^3 will add up to an even number, and the other two terms will add up to an even number as well.\n\nHowever, since (k+1)^3 and (k+3)^3 are consecutive odd or even cubes, their sum will always be even. Then adding k^3 and (k+2)^3, regardless of whether they are odd or even, the overall sum will always be even.\n\nSince n^3 is equal to this sum, it must be even. Therefore, we can infer that n is even. \n\nConsidering the parity of k, we can deduce that regardless of whether k is odd or even, n will be even. However, we cannot uniquely determine the parity of k solely from the equation.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "I want to implement a feature in my program that logs the amount of time it takes to run. How can I accomplish this?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "One way to achieve this is by defining a function called log_time_spent, which takes in a program as a parameter. Inside the function, we can use the time.time() function to record the start time before executing the program and the end time after the program finishes running. By calculating the difference between the end and start times, we can determine the total time spent on the program. Finally, we print out the total time spent using the print() function.\n\nHere's an example implementation of the log_time_spent function in Python:\n\n```python\nimport time\n\ndef log_time_spent(program):\n start = time.time()\n program()\n end = time.time()\n total_time_spent = end - start \n print(\"Total time spent:\", total_time_spent)\n```\n\nTo use this function, you can pass the program you want to measure the execution time of as an argument to the log_time_spent function. The program will be executed, and the total time spent will be printed out.\n\nFor example, if you have a program called my_program that you want to measure the execution time of, you can use the log_time_spent function as follows:\n\n```python\ndef my_program():\n # Your program code here\n\nlog_time_spent(my_program)\n```\n\nWhen you run this code, it will execute my_program and print the total time spent on its execution.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "You're an AI assistant for text re-writing. Rewrite the input text to make it more concise while preserving its core meaning.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Dear Priya,\n\nI hope this email finds you well. I am Ravi Sharma, a doctoral student in the Department of History. I am currently working on my thesis, which focuses on ancient Indian civilizations, and I believe your expertise in Matlab could greatly assist me in analyzing and visualizing my data.\n\nI have heard from colleagues about your proficiency in Matlab and your willingness to help others. I would be grateful if you could spare some time to guide me in using Matlab for my research project.\n\nIf you are available, I would like to schedule a meeting with you to discuss the project in more detail and explore how your expertise can contribute to my research.\n\nThank you for considering my request. I look forward to hearing from you.\n\nBest regards,\nRavi Sharma",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Dear Priya,\n\nI hope you're well. I’m Ravi Sharma, a History doctoral student focusing on ancient Indian civilizations. Your expertise in Matlab could significantly aid my data analysis and visualization.\n\nColleagues have mentioned your proficiency and helpfulness. I’d appreciate it if you could guide me in using Matlab for my research. Could we schedule a meeting to discuss this further?\n\nThank you for considering my request.\n\nBest regards,\nRavi Sharma",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-rewrite
|
[
{
"content": "Create a Python function to generate a command line string for port forwarding through SSH. The function should take four arguments: `user`, `host`, `local_port`, and `remote_port`. The function should return a command line string in the following format:\n\n```\nssh -L {local_port}:localhost:{remote_port} {user}@{host}\n```\n\nFor example, if `user` is `\"root\"`, `host` is `\"example.com\"`, `local_port` is `1234`, and `remote_port` is `5678`, the function should return `\"ssh -L 1234:localhost:5678 [email protected]\"`.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To generate the command line string, you'll need to construct a string using string formatting. The string template would be `\"ssh -L {local_port}:localhost:{remote_port} {user}@{host}\"`. The format specifiers `{local_port}`, `{remote_port}`, `{user}`, and `{host}` should be replaced with their respective argument values. This can be achieved using the `format` method of strings.\n\nHere's one way you could implement the function:\n\n```python\ndef generate_ssh_command(user, host, local_port, remote_port):\n ssh_command_format = \"ssh -L {local_port}:localhost:{remote_port} {user}@{host}\"\n return ssh_command_format.format(local_port=local_port, remote_port=remote_port, user=user, host=host)\n```\n\nThe `generate_ssh_command` function takes four arguments: `user`, `host`, `local_port`, and `remote_port`. It then constructs a string template using string formatting. The string template contains the desired format of the command line string, with placeholder specifiers for the values of `local_port`, `remote_port`, `user`, and `host`. The `format` method of strings replaces these specifiers with their respective argument values.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "You are a commander of a spaceship. Your ship has been damaged after going through an asteroid field and you are now drifting in space with limited power.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "\"Captain's log, we've taken significant damage navigating the asteroid field. Our propulsion systems are down, and life support is running on backup generators. We're currently drifting in open space with limited power. Our crew is assessing the damage and trying to prioritize repairs, but it's an uphill battle. We need to get our communications array back online and send out a distress signal, but that's proving to be a challenge.\n\nWe've got several crew members injured, and our chief engineer is trying to stabilize our power grid. I've ordered all non-essential systems to be shut down to conserve energy. We're doing everything we can to stay afloat, but it's a precarious situation.\n\nI'm trying to come up with a plan to get us out of this predicament, but options are limited. We're too far from any nearby planets or space stations to make it there on our own, and we can't rely on rescue teams to find us anytime soon. We're on our own out here.\n\nI'm calling a meeting with my senior officers to discuss our situation and come up with a plan. We need to act fast if we're going to survive this.\"",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What are your injuries?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "\"Personally, I've got a few bruises and cuts from being thrown around the bridge during the asteroid field transit. Nothing too serious, but it's making it a bit difficult to focus. My chief concern is the well-being of my crew, though. We've got several people with more severe injuries, including our helm officer, Lieutenant Thompson, who's got a broken leg and possible internal injuries. Our chief engineer, Lieutenant Commander Patel, is also dealing with a nasty gash on her forehead, but she's refusing to take a break, insisting she needs to get our power grid stabilized.\n\nWe're doing our best to tend to the wounded with our limited medical supplies, but it's not ideal. Our ship's doctor, Ensign Lisa Nguyen, is doing an excellent job considering the circumstances, but we're all aware that we need to get these people to a proper medical facility as soon as possible. The situation is... tense, to say the least.\"",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Can the ship doctor help the crew survive, if your drifting lasts for many more days?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "\"Ensign Nguyen is doing everything she can with the resources we have available, but our medical supplies are limited, and she's already had to get creative with makeshift treatments. If we're stuck out here for many more days, I'm worried about the long-term prospects for our injured crew members.\n\nLieutenant Thompson's broken leg, for example, needs proper stabilization and treatment to prevent infection and ensure it heals correctly. We're doing our best to immobilize it and manage his pain, but it's not a substitute for proper medical care. And if we can't get him to a hospital soon, I'm concerned about the potential for long-term damage.\n\nAdditionally, we're also starting to worry about the psychological toll of being stranded. Morale is holding up for now, but as the days drag on, I can see the strain starting to show on people's faces. We're trying to keep everyone occupied with repair work and routine tasks, but it's not a sustainable solution.\n\nIf we're lucky, Ensign Nguyen might be able to keep everyone stable for a few more days, but beyond that... I don't know. We need to get rescued, or find a way to get ourselves to safety, before things take a turn for the worse.\"",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "If $\\log_{2}a + \\log_{ \\frac {1}{2}}b = 2$, then ( )\n\nA: $a=2b$\nB: $b=2a$\nC: $a=4b$\nD: $b=4a$",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We have $\\log_{2}a + \\log_{ \\frac {1}{2}}b = 2$. \n\nFirst, let's use the property of logarithms which states that $\\log_{b}m + \\log_{b}n = \\log_{b}(mn)$ to combine the two logs:\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n\\log_{2}a + \\log_{ \\frac {1}{2}}b & = 2 \\\\\n\\log_{2}a + \\log_{2^{-1}}b & = 2.\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\nGiven that $\\log_{2^{-1}}x = \\log_{2}x^{-1}$ and recalling that the logarithm with the same base cancels out during division:\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n\\log_{2}a - \\log_{2}b & = 2 \\\\\n\\log_{2} \\frac{a}{b} & = 2.\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\nNow we will use the exponential form of the logarithm to write the equation as:\n\n$$\\frac{a}{b} = 2^2.$$\n\nThis simplifies to:\n\n$$\\frac{a}{b} = 4.$$\n\nMultiplying both sides by $b$, we get:\n\n$$a = 4b.$$\n\nSo, the correct option is \\boxed{C}.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Develop a Python function that takes a list of strings and a target string. The function should return a boolean indicating whether the target string exists in the list of strings. If the target string is found, the function should also return the index of the target string in the list.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "You can create a Python function that iterates through the list of strings and checks if the target string exists in the list. If it does, you can return a boolean indicating that the target string exists and the index of the target string in the list.\n\nHere's how you could do it:\n\n```python\ndef target_string_exists(string_list, target_string):\n for index, string in enumerate(string_list):\n if string == target_string:\n return True, index\n return False, None\n```",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "Given that the random variable $\\xi$ follows the normal distribution $N(0,1)$, if $P(\\xi > 2) = p$, then $P(-2 < \\xi < 0)$ is ( ).\n\nA. $\\frac{1}{2} + p$\n\nB. $1 - p$\n\nC. $\\frac{1}{2} - p$\n\nD. $1 - 2p$",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Since the standard normal distribution curve is symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis (the mean of the distribution), we can deduce certain probabilities from this symmetry.\n\nGiven that $P(\\xi > 2) = p$, and using the symmetry of the normal distribution about the y-axis, we can establish that:\n\n$$P(\\xi < -2) = p,$$\n\nsince the probabilities of being more than two standard deviations away from the mean are equal on both sides due to the symmetry of the normal distribution. Now, let's consider the probability of $\\xi$ being between -2 and 0. We can use the fact that the total probability for $\\xi$ being less than 0 is equal to $\\frac{1}{2}$, as the mean of the distribution is 0 and the distribution is symmetric.\n\nThe probability that $\\xi$ is between -2 and 0 can be articulated as the difference between the probability that $\\xi$ is less than 0 (which is $\\frac{1}{2}$) and the probability that $\\xi$ is less than -2 (which we've established is $p$).\n\nThus:\n\n$$P(-2 < \\xi < 0) = P(\\xi < 0) - P(\\xi < -2) = \\frac{1}{2} - p.$$\n\nHence, the correct answer is:\n$$\\boxed{\\frac{1}{2} - p}.$$",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "A store is selling compact discs for 10.50 dollars and 8.50 dollars. You buy 10 discs. You bought 6 discs that cost 8.50 dollars. How much did you spend in total?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "You bought 6 discs at $8.50 each and the remaining 4 discs at $10.50 each.\n\nFirst, calculate the total cost for the 6 discs at $8.50 each:\n6 discs * $8.50/disc = $51.00\n\nNext, calculate the total cost for the 4 discs at $10.50 each:\n4 discs * $10.50/disc = $42.00\n\nNow, add the two amounts to find the total cost:\n$51.00 + $42.00 = $93.00\n\nYou spent a total of $\\boxed{\\$93.00}$ .",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "What is the derivative of 4^x.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To find the derivative of 4^x, we can utilize the fact that 4 can be written as e^(ln 4), or more specifically, 4^x can be expressed as (e^(ln 4))^x. Using properties of exponents, this can be further simplified to e^(x * ln 4). \n\nNow we can use the chain rule, which states that the derivative of e^(u(x)) is e^(u(x)) * u'(x), where u'(x) is the derivative of the function u(x). In this case, u(x) is x * ln 4, so u'(x) is simply ln 4. Applying the chain rule, we find the derivative of 4^x is e^(x * ln 4) * ln 4, or equivalently, 4^x * ln 4.\n\nThis illustrates how the properties of exponents and logarithms can be combined with the chain rule to efficiently find the derivative of exponential functions with bases other than e.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How do you do log base 4 of x?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To evaluate log base 4 of x, we can utilize the change of base formula, which states that log base b of x is equal to (log base a of x) / (log base a of b), where a is any positive real number not equal to 1. In our case, we want to find log base 4 of x, so we can choose base a to be a more familiar base, such as e (natural logarithm) or 10 (common logarithm).\n\nUsing the natural logarithm, we have log base 4 of x = (ln x) / (ln 4). This allows us to easily evaluate log base 4 of x by taking the natural logarithm of x and dividing it by the natural logarithm of 4.\n\nAlternatively, if you prefer to work with common logarithms, you can write log base 4 of x = (log x) / (log 4), where log denotes the base 10 logarithm.\n\nThe key insight is that the change of base formula enables us to convert a logarithm in one base to a logarithm in another base, allowing us to work with the base that is most convenient for a given problem.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is x in 4^x = e^(3x).",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Given the equation 4^x = e^(3x), we can use the fact that 4 can be expressed as e^(ln 4). This allows us to rewrite the equation as (e^(ln 4))^x = e^(3x). Applying the property of exponents (a^b)^c = a^(b*c), we simplify the left-hand side to e^(x * ln 4).\n\nNow, equating the two sides of the equation, we have e^(x * ln 4) = e^(3x). Since the bases are the same (both are e), we can set the exponents equal to each other, giving x * ln 4 = 3x.\n\nTo solve for x, we can rearrange the equation as x * ln 4 - 3x = 0, then factor out x, yielding x * (ln 4 - 3) = 0. From this, we see that either x = 0 or (ln 4 - 3) = 0.\n\nHowever, (ln 4 - 3) is not equal to 0, since ln 4 ≈ 1.386 and 3 ≠ 1.386. Therefore, the solution to the equation 4^x = e^(3x) is x = 0.\n\nIntuitively, the reason for this unique solution can be understood by considering the growth rates of the functions 4^x and e^(3x). As x increases, e^(3x) grows faster than 4^x, so the only point where they intersect is at x = 0, where both functions are equal to 1.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "You are a reserved and professional AI assistant",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "I'm planning a trip to Rome and I'm a big foodie. Can you recommend some local cuisines that I should absolutely try while I'm there?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Absolutely, Italian cuisine is renowned for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula. Here are some local Roman dishes that you must try:\n\n1. Pizza Romana: Unlike the Neapolitan style, Roman pizza has a thin and crispy crust. Pizzarium by Gabriele Bonci is one of the most famous places in Rome for pizza.\n\n2. Carbonara: Rome is the birthplace of this famous pasta dish made with eggs, Pecorino Romano cheese, guanciale (Italian cured pork cheek), and black pepper.\n\n3. Cacio e Pepe: This is a simple Roman pasta dish. The name translates to \"cheese and pepper\". It's made with Pecorino Romano cheese and black pepper.\n\n4. Supplì: These are fried rice balls stuffed with cheese, similar to Sicilian Arancini. They're a popular Roman street food and appetizer.\n\n5. Saltimbocca alla Romana: This is a dish made with veal lined or topped with prosciutto and sage, marinated in wine, oil, or saltwater depending on the region.\n\n6. Roman Artichokes (Carciofi alla Romana): Artichokes are a staple in Roman cuisine. They're typically braised with garlic, mint, and olive oil.\n\n7. Gelato: While not unique to Rome, trying gelato in Italy is a must. \n\n8. Tiramisu: A popular coffee-flavored dessert that translates to 'pick me up'. \n\nRemember to pair your meals with the country's excellent local wines. Enjoy your culinary adventure in Rome!",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
systemchats-30k
|
[
{
"content": "Provide a concise, objective summary of the input text in up to three sentences, focusing on key actions and intentions without using second or third person pronouns.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Hi Emily,\n\nIt's great to hear from you! I'm so glad to hear that you're developing a unit on coral reefs and climate change. That's fantastic.\n\nI'd be happy to share some resources with you. Here are a few recent studies and articles that I think would be accessible for high school students:\n\n- \"The Impact of Climate Change on Coral Reefs\" by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA): [URL]\n- \"Coral Reefs and Climate Change: What You Can Do\" by the Coral Reef Alliance: [URL]\n- \"Climate Change and Coral Reefs: A Complex Story\" by the Ocean Agency: [URL]\n\nI also think it could be really powerful to have your students analyze and discuss the latest IPCC report on the impacts of climate change on oceans and cryosphere: [URL]\n\nLet me know if you need any other suggestions or if you'd like to chat more about your lesson plans. I'm always happy to help however I can.\n\nBest,\nAlex",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Alex is excited to support the development of a unit on coral reefs and climate change by sharing recent studies and articles from NOAA, the Coral Reef Alliance, and the Ocean Agency. Alex also suggests analyzing the latest IPCC report and offers further assistance with lesson plans.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "What do you get if you combine the sixth letter of the alphabet with the last letter of the word \"puzzle\", subtract the sum of 9 and 4, and then add the number of types of physical stimuli that animals can detect? The answer to this puzzle will lead you to name those two types of physical stimuli.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The sixth letter of the alphabet is \"F\". The last letter of the word \"puzzle\" is \"E\". Subtracting the sum of 9 and 4 from this gives us:\nFE - (9 + 4) = FE - 13\nThe number of types of physical stimuli that animals can detect are five, which are touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing.\nTherefore, the final answer is:\nFE - 13 + 5 = FISH ELECTRICITY\nThe two types of physical stimuli are touch and electricity, the latter of which is detected by some animals such as sharks and electric eels.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Write a Python function `is_power_of_two` to verify whether or not a positive integer is a power of two. If the input is zero or negative, the function should return `False`. Write at least three test cases for this function.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Here is how you can implement the `is_power_of_two` function:\n\n```python\ndef is_power_of_two(num: int) -> bool:\n if num <= 0:\n return False\n return num & (num - 1) == 0\n\n\ndef is_power_of_two_recursive(num: int) -> bool:\n if num <= 0:\n return False\n if num == 1:\n return True\n return num % 2 == 0 and is_power_of_two_recursive(num // 2)\n```\n\nHere are some test cases for the `is_power_of_two` function:\n\n```python\nassert is_power_of_two(1) is True\nassert is_power_of_two(2) is True\nassert is_power_of_two(4) is True\nassert is_power_of_two(8) is True\nassert is_power_of_two(16) is True\n\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(1) is True\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(2) is True\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(4) is True\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(8) is True\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(16) is True\n\nassert is_power_of_two(3) is False\nassert is_power_of_two(5) is False\nassert is_power_of_two(7) is False\n\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(3) is False\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(5) is False\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(7) is False\n\nassert is_power_of_two(0) is False\nassert is_power_of_two(-1) is False\n\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(0) is False\nassert is_power_of_two_recursive(-1) is False\n```",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "You are an AI rewriting assistant. You will be provided with a text and you need to rewrite it according to the user's instructions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Rearrange this sentence to make it easy to understand:\nThe restaurant ran out of food, so the chef made some more.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The chef made more food after the restaurant ran out.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
explore-instruct-rewriting
|
[
{
"content": "You are a gamekeeper at a medieval village in 14th century England. The village is surrounded by a forest teeming with wildlife and filled with numerous clearings, brooks, and ravines.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Good morrow to thee, stranger. 'Tis a grand day to be outdoors, ain't it? The sun shines bright, and the forest is full of life. I've been out since dawn, checkin' the traps and makin' sure all's well in the woods. We've had some troubles with poachers lately, but the lord's men have been keepin' a sharp eye out. What brings thee to our humble village? Art thou lookin' to do some huntin', or perhaps just enjoyin' the beauty o' nature?",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "You are a gamekeeper at a medieval village in 14th century England. The village is surrounded by a forest teeming with wildlife and filled with numerous clearings, brooks, and ravines. What do you do to avoid poachers?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Those scoundrels be a constant thorn in me side. To keep 'em at bay, I set up traps in strategic places, like near the old oak tree and by the brook where the deer come to drink. Me and the other villagers also keep a sharp eye out for strangers lurkin' about the forest, especially at night when the poachers like to sneak in. We've also got a system of signals, like a lantern in the church tower, to warn the others if we spot any suspicious activity.\n\nI also make sure to vary me routine, so the poachers can't get a sense of when and where I'll be. One day I'll check the east side of the forest, the next day the west. Keeps 'em guessin', it does. And I've got me trusty hound, Rufus, to sniff out any strangers. He's got a keen nose and can track a man down in no time.\n\nBut even with all these precautions, it's a constant battle. Poachers be cunning and desperate, and they'll stop at nothin' to get what they want. Still, I'll not let 'em get the best of me. This forest and its creatures are under me care, and I'll protect 'em with me life.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "You are a gamekeeper at a medieval village in 14th century England. The village is surrounded by a forest teeming with wildlife and filled with numerous clearings, brooks, and ravines. How do the villagers help with the game reserve?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The villagers be a great help to me in managin' the game reserve. They've lived here for generations, and they know the forest like the back o' their hand. Many o' them are skilled hunters and trappers, and they've got a deep respect for the land and its creatures.\n\nSome o' the villagers help me with the day-to-day work, like checkin' the traps and makin' sure the forest is healthy and thrivin'. They'll also lend a hand with the bigger tasks, like the annual drivin' o' the deer into the winter enclosures. We've got to make sure the deer have enough food and shelter to make it through the harsh winter months, and the villagers are always willin' to lend a hand.\n\nWe've also got a system o' verderers, which are villagers who are sworn to protect the forest and its creatures. They're like a group o' unofficial gamekeepers, keepin' an eye out for poachers and makin' sure the forest is safe. They're a valuable help to me, and I rely on 'em to keep me informed about what's goin' on in the forest.\n\nAnd o' course, the villagers are always willin' to share their knowledge and expertise with me. They've got a deep understanding o' the forest and its rhythms, and they're always teachin' me new things. Like how to track a wounded deer, or where to find the best berries for medicine. It's a collaborative effort, really – we all work together to make sure the forest is healthy and thrivin'.\n\nThe lord o' the manor is also very supportive o' our efforts. He's got a keen interest in the forest and its creatures, and he's always willin' to lend a hand or provide resources when we need 'em. He's a fair and just lord, and we're lucky to have him lookin' out for us.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "Extract and present the main key point of the input text in one very short sentence, including essential details like dates or locations if necessary.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Dear Margaret,\n\nI'm looking forward to our meeting at the British Library next month to discuss our remaining disagreements and finalize the manuscript. I've reserved a study room for us on the 15th from 10 am to 4 pm. Please let me know if this time works for you.\n\n[...]",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Meeting at the British Library on the 15th from 10 am to 4 pm to finalize the manuscript.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "Write a function that takes a nested list of integers and returns a flattened list containing only the non-negative integers from the nested list. The function should also be able to handle nested lists of mixed integer and non-integer data types.\n\nFor example, `[1, [2, 3], [4, 5], 6]` should return `[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]`.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To flatten a nested list of integers and retain only the non-negative integers, let's follow these steps:\n\n1. Identify the non-negative integers: Iterate through the nested list using recursion to identify the non-negative integers.\n2. Append to the flattened list: Append each non-negative integer to the flattened list.\n3. Handle mixed data types: Add a condition to check if the element is an integer or not, and only add it to the flattened list if it's an integer.\n4. Return the flattened list: Return the flattened list after processing all elements.\n\nHere's how you can implement this function:\n\n```python\ndef flatten_non_negative_integers(nested_list):\n flattened_list = []\n\n def helper(elem):\n if isinstance(elem, int) and elem >= 0:\n flattened_list.append(elem)\n elif isinstance(elem, list):\n for item in elem:\n helper(item)\n\n for item in nested_list:\n helper(item)\n\n return flattened_list\n```",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"name\": \"leagues\", \"description\": \"Retrieves a list of sports leagues using the provided RapidAPI key.\", \"parameters\": {\"lang\": {\"description\": \"Language code for the response (e.g., 'en' for English).\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"en\"}, \"sp\": {\"description\": \"Sport identifier.\", \"type\": \"int\", \"default\": \"1\"}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "I need the sport leagues but in French. The sport id is 2.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"leagues\", \"arguments\": {\"lang\": \"fr\", \"sp\": 2}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "Write a Python function that takes a string and an optional dictionary containing user-defined replacements as input parameters and returns a new string with all occurrences of the specified words replaced by their corresponding values in the dictionary. If a word is in the input dictionary but has no corresponding value, the word should be replaced by the empty string. If a word is not in the input dictionary, it should be left unchanged.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Here is a possible implementation of the required function:\n\n```python\nimport re\n\ndef replace_words_with_values(input_string, replacement_dict):\n if not replacement_dict:\n return input_string\n pattern = '|'.join(re.escape(word) for word in replacement_dict)\n def replacement_function(match):\n word = match.group()\n if word in replacement_dict:\n return replacement_dict[word]\n else:\n return ''\n return re.sub(pattern, replacement_function, input_string)\n```\n\nThe function takes two parameters: `input_string` is the string that needs to be modified, and `replacement_dict` is the dictionary containing the specified replacements. It checks if the input dictionary is empty. If it is, it returns the original input string without any changes.\n\nOtherwise, it creates a regex pattern that matches each word in the input dictionary. It uses the `re.escape` function to escape any special characters in the words. The pattern is joined using the `|` (or) operator.\n\nNext, it defines a replacement function that takes a `match` object as an argument. This function checks if the matched word is present in the input dictionary. If it is, it returns the corresponding value from the dictionary. If the word is not present, it returns an empty string.\n\nFinally, the `re.sub` function is used to perform the actual replacement of words in the input string. It takes the regex pattern and the replacement function as arguments, and returns a new string with all the specified words replaced by their corresponding values from the dictionary.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"name\": \"get_user_dialog_string\", \"description\": \"Fetches the dialog string for a given user from the Waifu API.\", \"parameters\": {\"user_id\": {\"description\": \"A unique identifier for the user.\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"sample_user_id\"}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Fetch the dialog strings for users 'user14' and 'user15', who are contributors to an open-source project.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"get_user_dialog_string\", \"arguments\": {\"user_id\": \"user14\"}}, {\"name\": \"get_user_dialog_string\", \"arguments\": {\"user_id\": \"user15\"}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "Provide a concise, objective summary of the input text in up to three sentences, focusing on key actions and intentions without using second or third person pronouns.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Two Chicago firefighters were killed Wednesday and at least 17 were injured, when a wall and roof collapsed without warning in an abandoned building on the city's south side, the city's fire department said. None of the injuries was life-threatening, said Fire Commissioner Robert Hoff in an afternoon news conference. One firefighter was in stable condition, he said. Hoff identified those killed as Corey Ankum, who had been with the department less than two years, and 12-year veteran Edward Stringer. Both were inside the structure. Other firefighters were working the blaze from the roof. CNN affiliate WGN aired footage of a line of firefighters saluting one body as it arrived at the medical examiner's office later Wednesday. Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley said in a statement, \"The deaths of Firefighters Stringer and Ankum are both a sad reminder of how much gratitude we owe our first responders and a tragedy for all Chicagoans.\" The deaths came on the 100th anniversary of the Chicago Stockyards fire, which killed 21 firefighters and the city fire marshal. The fire was reported shortly before 7 a.m. in the office area of a commercial building on East 75th Street, said Larry Langford, spokesman for the Chicago Fire Department. The routine fire call became a multiple-alarm blaze after part of the roof collapsed as firefighters were inside, he said. Four firefighters were trapped after the collapse occurred, and two of them died from their injuries, Langford said. The building was boarded up in the front but the back was open, leading firefighters to think that homeless people may have sought shelter there, Hoff said. The cause of the fire is under investigation, Hoff said. Investigators will look at whether ice or weather was a factor, as well as the age of the building and its heavy roof, the commissioner said. \"There are things that happen when buildings are aged, and that could have been one of the contributing factors in this case,\" Hoff said. The fire in the building's northeast corner had been brought under control, Hoff said, and firefighters were working on hot spots and \"looking for homeless or vagrant people\" when the collapse occurred. A wall of the building collapsed into an alley, Langford said, bringing part of the roof down with it. A search of the rubble found no one else, Langford said. Heavy equipment was being brought in to take the building apart. He said it was his understanding that both of the fallen firefighters had children. While the loss of a firefighter is always a tragedy, he said, \"it's been compounded\" by the deaths occurring so close to the holidays. Another firefighter died recently while battling a downtown blaze, he said. CNN's Sara Pratley contributed to this report.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Two Chicago firefighters, Corey Ankum and Edward Stringer, were killed and at least 17 others were injured when a wall and roof collapsed without warning in an abandoned building on the city's south side on Wednesday. The fire, initially reported as a routine call, escalated to a multiple-alarm blaze after the collapse trapped four firefighters inside. Fire Commissioner Robert Hoff stated that the building was partially boarded up, suggesting it might have been used by homeless individuals. The cause of the fire is under investigation, with factors such as the building's age, weather conditions, and structural integrity being examined. Mayor Richard M. Daley expressed deep sorrow, noting the incident's timing on the 100th anniversary of the Chicago Stockyards fire, which killed 21 firefighters. The fire was brought under control, and no additional victims were found in the rubble. The tragedy has been particularly poignant given its proximity to the holidays.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"name\": \"is_prime\", \"description\": \"Checks if a number is prime.\", \"parameters\": {\"num\": {\"description\": \"The number to be checked.\", \"type\": \"int\"}}}, {\"name\": \"find_peak_element\", \"description\": \"Finds a peak element in a list of integers.\", \"parameters\": {\"nums\": {\"description\": \"The list of integers.\", \"type\": \"List[int]\"}}}, {\"name\": \"dice_roll_probability\", \"description\": \"Calculates the probability of rolling a specific sum with a given number of dice, each having a certain number of faces.\", \"parameters\": {\"target_sum\": {\"description\": \"The target sum to calculate the probability for.\", \"type\": \"int\", \"default\": 6}, \"num_dice\": {\"description\": \"The number of dice being rolled.\", \"type\": \"int\", \"default\": 6}, \"num_faces\": {\"description\": \"The number of faces on each die. Defaults to 6.\", \"type\": \"int, optional\"}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is the probability of getting a sum of 10 with 3 dice and a sum of 15 with 4 dice?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"dice_roll_probability\", \"arguments\": {\"target_sum\": 10, \"num_dice\": 3}}, {\"name\": \"dice_roll_probability\", \"arguments\": {\"target_sum\": 15, \"num_dice\": 4}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "You are an AI assistant. User will you give you a task. Your goal is to complete the task as faithfully as you can. While performing the task think step-by-step and justify your steps.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Answer the following question. Who is credited with the invention of the World Wide Web?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To answer this question, I will follow these steps:\n\n1. Understand the question: The question is asking for the person responsible for the invention of the World Wide Web.\n2. Recall information: I remember that Sir Tim Berners-Lee is the inventor of the World Wide Web.\n3. Provide the answer: Sir Tim Berners-Lee is credited with the invention of the World Wide Web.\n\nStep justification:\n\n1. Understanding the question is crucial for providing an accurate answer.\n2. Recalling accurate information is essential for answering knowledge-based questions.\n3. Providing the correct answer based on the recalled information satisfies the user's request.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "You're an AI assistant for text re-writing. Rewrite the input text to make it more concise while preserving its core meaning.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "🌟 **Reflecting on a Year of Growth and Learning** 🌟\n\nThis year at Greenway Charter School has been truly transformative. I'm proud to share that our recent community garden project, which I had the privilege of leading, has not only engaged our students but also enriched our local community in Springfield. 🌱\n\nOur students designed, built, and maintained the garden, integrating lessons in science, math, and art. They learned about soil composition, plant life cycles, and the importance of sustainable practices. The best part? Seeing their faces light up with pride as they shared their knowledge with family and friends at the garden's grand opening. 🌼\n\nAttending a recent professional development workshop on integrating technology into outdoor learning has also opened new avenues for us. We're exploring ways to use digital tools to enhance our students' connection with nature, making learning even more interactive and meaningful.\n\nI'd love to hear from other educators about your experiences with project-based and outdoor learning. What successes and challenges have you encountered? Let's keep the conversation going and inspire each other to create more engaging and sustainable learning environments for our students! 📚🌱\n\n#ProjectBasedLearning #OutdoorEducation #Environmentalism #GreenwayCharterSchool #EducationInnovation #CommunityGarden",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "🌟 **Reflecting on a Year of Growth and Learning** 🌟\n\nThis year at Greenway Charter School has been transformative. Our community garden project, which I led, engaged students and enriched Springfield. They designed, built, and maintained the garden, learning about soil, plant life cycles, and sustainability. Their pride was evident at the garden's grand opening.\n\nA recent workshop on integrating technology into outdoor learning has opened new possibilities. We're exploring digital tools to enhance students' connection with nature, making learning more interactive.\n\nI'd love to hear from other educators about your experiences with project-based and outdoor learning. What successes and challenges have you faced? Let's inspire each other to create engaging and sustainable learning environments! 📚🌱\n\n#ProjectBasedLearning #OutdoorEducation #Environmentalism #GreenwayCharterSchool #EducationInnovation #CommunityGarden",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-rewrite
|
[
{
"content": "Design a Python function that takes a sequence of \"x\" and \"o\" characters, representing a Tic-Tac-Toe game board, and returns an integer indicating the modality of the board. Return 0 if the game board is in a tie state, 1 if X wins, and 2 if O wins. If there's no winner, return -1.\n\nYour function should validate the input to ensure that it is a sequence of \"x\" and \"o\" characters, and raise a ValueError if the input doesn't meet this requirement. Additionally, include if-else conditionals to check the winning conditions for each modality.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Here's how you could do it:\n\n```python\ndef tic_tac_toe(board):\n if not all(x in ['x', 'o'] for x in board):\n raise ValueError('Invalid input: board should only contain \"x\" and \"o\" characters')\n if board == ['x', 'x', 'x'] or board == ['x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x', 'x']:\n return 1\n elif board == ['o', 'o', 'o'] or board == ['o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o']:\n return 2\n elif board == ['x', 'o', 'x', 'x', 'o', 'x', 'o', 'x', 'o']:\n return 0\n return -1\n```",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "What is the purpose of the Transcontinental Railroad?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The primary purpose of the Transcontinental Railroad was to connect the East and West coasts of the United States by rail, facilitating faster and more efficient transportation of people, goods, and services across the vast distance between the two coasts. Completed in 1869, the Transcontinental Railroad spanned over 1,900 miles, linking the existing railroad system in the East with the newly built line in the West.\n\nThe railroad played a crucial role in the development of the United States, fostering economic growth, promoting westward expansion, and enhancing communication between the East and West coasts. It enabled the rapid transportation of goods, including agricultural products, mining outputs, and manufactured goods, which in turn stimulated trade, commerce, and industry. Additionally, the railroad facilitated the movement of people, including settlers, prospectors, and travelers, contributing to the growth of cities and towns along the route.\n\nThe Transcontinental Railroad also had significant strategic and military implications, as it provided a vital transportation link for the US military and facilitated the deployment of troops and supplies across the country. Overall, the Transcontinental Railroad was a groundbreaking engineering feat that transformed the United States, bridging the geographical divide between the East and West coasts and paving the way for the country's emergence as a continental power.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What technologies or techniques were used to construct the Railroad?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The construction of the Transcontinental Railroad involved various technologies and techniques, many of which were innovative for its time. One key factor was the use of manual labor, with thousands of workers, including Chinese immigrants, Irish immigrants, and Civil War veterans, who toiled in harsh conditions to lay tracks, dig tunnels, and build bridges.\n\nIn terms of technology, the introduction of the Bessemer process for mass-producing steel rails allowed for the widespread adoption of railroads. The Transcontinental Railroad used iron rails, but the Bessemer process paved the way for future railroads.\n\nThe railroad also relied on steam-powered locomotives, which were the primary source of motive power for the trains. The development of more efficient and powerful steam engines, such as the 4-4-0 locomotive, enabled the railroad to haul heavier loads over longer distances.\n\nAnother important innovation was the use of the telegraph, which allowed for rapid communication between different parts of the railroad and facilitated the coordination of construction efforts. The telegraph lines often followed the railroad route, enabling messages to be sent quickly across the vast distances.\n\nTunneling and excavation techniques, such as blasting with dynamite and manual digging, were also crucial in the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad. The project involved building 19 tunnels, including the Summit Tunnel, which was over 1,600 feet long.\n\nFurthermore, the construction process involved the use of simple yet effective tools, such as hand tools, pickaxes, shovels, and horse-drawn wagons, which were used for hauling materials, excavating earth, and laying tracks. Additionally, engineers and surveyors employed advanced surveying techniques, including the use of theodolites and transits, to map the route and ensure the railroad's precise alignment.\n\nThe combination of these technologies and techniques enabled the rapid construction of the Transcontinental Railroad, which was completed in just six years, considering the vast distances and rugged terrain involved.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What two Companies completed the Railroad?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Transcontinental Railroad was completed by two companies, the Union Pacific Railroad and the Central Pacific Railroad. The Union Pacific Railroad was responsible for building the eastern portion of the railroad, starting from Omaha, Nebraska, and moving westward. The Central Pacific Railroad, on the other hand, was tasked with constructing the western portion, beginning in Sacramento, California, and moving eastward.\n\nThe Union Pacific Railroad was led by Thomas \"Doc\" Durant, who served as the company's vice president, and General Grenville Dodge, who was the chief engineer. The company faced significant challenges, including harsh weather, hostile Native American tribes, and difficult terrain, but it managed to lay over 1,000 miles of track from Omaha to Promontory Summit, Utah.\n\nThe Central Pacific Railroad was led by Leland Stanford, who served as the company's president, and James Strobridge, who was the executive engineer. Despite facing similar challenges, including treacherous mountain terrain and labor shortages, the Central Pacific Railroad successfully laid over 690 miles of track from Sacramento to Promontory Summit, Utah.\n\nOn May 10, 1869, the two companies met at Promontory Summit, Utah, where they held a ceremonial golden spike ceremony to mark the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad. The event was attended by dignitaries, officials, and workers from both companies, and it marked a significant milestone in the history of the United States.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "Your response should contain at least 5 sentences. Include keywords [keywords] in the response. In your response, the word [keyword] should appear at least 3 times. [keywords] = [\"adventure\", \"explore\", \"journey\", \"destination\"], [keyword] = \"adventure\".\n",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Embarking on an *adventure* can be the most fulfilling experience for those who love to *explore* new places and cultures. Each *journey* is unique, offering unexpected turns and exhilarating moments that enrich the soul. Whether your *destination* is a remote village or a bustling city, the *adventure* itself is what truly matters. It's not just about reaching the *destination*; it's about the lessons learned and the memories created along the way. So, if you have a thirst for *adventure*, pack your bags and set off to *explore* the unknown.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-constraints
|
[
{
"content": "Find a monic quartic polynomial, in x, with rational coefficients such that 2+sqrt(2) and 1-sqrt(3) are roots of the polynomial.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We know that if a polynomial with rational coefficients has an irrational root a + sqrt(b), then its conjugate a - sqrt(b) must also be a root. Therefore, since 2+sqrt(2) is a root, 2-sqrt(2) must also be a root. Similarly, since 1-sqrt(3) is a root, 1+sqrt(3) must also be a root.\n\nUsing these four roots, we can construct the desired quartic polynomial as the product of two quadratic polynomials. The first quadratic polynomial has roots 2+sqrt(2) and 2-sqrt(2), so it can be expressed as (x - (2+sqrt(2)))(x - (2-sqrt(2))). Multiplying this out, we get x^2 - 4x + 2.\n\nThe second quadratic polynomial has roots 1-sqrt(3) and 1+sqrt(3), so it can be expressed as (x - (1-sqrt(3)))(x - (1+sqrt(3))). Multiplying this out, we get x^2 - 2x - 2.\n\nNow, we multiply these two quadratic polynomials to obtain the desired quartic polynomial: (x^2 - 4x + 2)(x^2 - 2x - 2). Multiplying this out, we get x^4 - 6x^3 + 8x^2 + 4x - 4.\n\nSo, the desired monic quartic polynomial is x^4 - 6x^3 + 8x^2 + 4x - 4.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Find a monic quartic polynomial, in y, with rational coefficients such that 3-2sqrt(2) and 2+sqrt(3) are roots of the polynomial.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We know that if a polynomial with rational coefficients has an irrational root a + sqrt(b), then its conjugate a - sqrt(b) must also be a root. Therefore, since 3-2sqrt(2) is a root, 3+2sqrt(2) must also be a root. Similarly, since 2+sqrt(3) is a root, 2-sqrt(3) must also be a root.\n\nUsing these four roots, we can construct the desired quartic polynomial as the product of two quadratic polynomials. The first quadratic polynomial has roots 3-2sqrt(2) and 3+2sqrt(2), so it can be expressed as (y - (3-2sqrt(2)))(y - (3+2sqrt(2))). Multiplying this out, we get y^2 - 6y + 1.\n\nThe second quadratic polynomial has roots 2+sqrt(3) and 2-sqrt(3), so it can be expressed as (y - (2+sqrt(3)))(y - (2-sqrt(3))). Multiplying this out, we get y^2 - 4y - 1.\n\nNow, we multiply these two quadratic polynomials to obtain the desired quartic polynomial: (y^2 - 6y + 1)(y^2 - 4y - 1). Multiplying this out, we get y^4 - 10y^3 + 23y^2 - 10y - 1.\n\nSo, the desired monic quartic polynomial is y^4 - 10y^3 + 23y^2 - 10y - 1.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Find roots of the polynomial: x^4+4x^2+4=0",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The given polynomial can be factored as x^4 + 4x^2 + 4 = (x^2 + 2)^2 = 0.\n\nThis implies that (x^2 + 2) = 0, so x^2 = -2.\n\nTaking the square root of both sides, we get x = ±√(-2) = ±i√2.\n\nTherefore, the roots of the polynomial are x = i√2 and x = -i√2, each with multiplicity 2.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "8 identical balls are to be placed into boxes labeled 1, 2, and 3, with at least one ball in each box. There are \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ different ways to do this.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To solve this problem, we first arrange the 8 balls in a row, creating 7 spaces between them. \nWe then insert 2 dividers into these 7 spaces to divide the 8 balls into groups corresponding to the boxes labeled 1, 2, and 3. \nTherefore, the answer is: $\\boxed{1}$. \nAnalyzing the problem according to the given conditions, arranging the 8 balls in a row creates 7 spaces, and inserting 2 dividers into these 7 spaces allows us to calculate the number of ways to insert the dividers, which corresponds to the number of ways to place the balls as required by the problem. \nThis problem tests the application of permutations and combinations. Since the balls are identical, there is only one way to arrange them.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Provide a concise, objective summary of the input text in up to three sentences, focusing on key actions and intentions without using second or third person pronouns.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Dear Emily,\n\nThank you for reaching out and for your kind words about my research. I am delighted to hear that my work has caught the attention of someone in the health education field, and I wholeheartedly agree that our combined expertise could lead to a meaningful collaboration.\n\nI have always been passionate about using my knowledge in food science to make a positive impact on global health, and your proposal aligns perfectly with my values. I would be more than happy to discuss the potential applications of my preservation technique in promoting healthy eating habits and preventing chronic diseases like cancer.\n\nI am available for a call next week, if that works for you. Please let me know your availability, and we can arrange a time to discuss this further.\n\nThank you once again for reaching out, and I look forward to the possibility of working together.\n\nBest regards,\nDr. Michael Thompson\nFood Scientist\nFoodTech Labs",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Dr. Michael Thompson expresses enthusiasm about collaborating with a health educator on the application of food preservation techniques. Dr. Thompson values the potential impact on global health and is available for a call next week to discuss the proposal further.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"name\": \"premier_league_standings\", \"description\": \"Fetches the Premier League standings data for a given season using the RapidAPI Premier League Standings API.\", \"parameters\": {\"season\": {\"description\": \"The season for which the standings are to be retrieved, specified as a string (e.g., '2022'). If not provided, the current season's standings will be fetched.\", \"type\": \"str, optional\", \"default\": \"\"}}}, {\"name\": \"prediction_details\", \"description\": \"Fetches and returns detailed prediction information for a given football match.\", \"parameters\": {\"match_id\": {\"description\": \"The unique identifier for the football match.\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"62fb54c82c9a2e8d643c7965\"}}}, {\"name\": \"categorytournaments\", \"description\": \"Fetches the list of all rugby tournaments from a specified category, including their names and IDs.\", \"parameters\": {\"is_id\": {\"description\": \"The category ID for which to retrieve all tournaments.\", \"type\": \"int\", \"default\": 83}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Can you tell me the current Premier League standings and also the prediction details for the upcoming match with ID 12345?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"premier_league_standings\", \"arguments\": {}}, {\"name\": \"prediction_details\", \"arguments\": {\"match_id\": \"12345\"}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "What are the main features of [product_name] that make it stand out in the market? Your response should contain at least 3 bullet points. Use the markdown bullet points such as: * This is point 1.\n",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "* *Innovative Design*: [product_name] stands out with its cutting-edge design that not only looks modern but also enhances user experience through intuitive interfaces and ergonomic features.\n* *Advanced Technology*: Equipped with the latest technology, [product_name] offers superior performance and reliability compared to its competitors, ensuring that users get the best possible results every time.\n* *Customer Support*: [product_name] is backed by exceptional customer support, providing users with timely assistance and resources to make the most out of their purchase.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-constraints
|
[
{
"content": "Determine if the function $y=x\\ln(x)$ is monotonic in the interval (0, 5), and identify the corresponding monotonic intervals.\n\nA: Monotonically increasing function\nB: Monotonically decreasing function\nC: Increasing in the interval $(0, \\frac {1}{e})$ and decreasing in the interval $(\\frac {1}{e}, 5)$\nD: Decreasing in the interval $(0, \\frac {1}{e})$ and increasing in the interval $(\\frac {1}{e}, 5)$",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Given the function $y = x\\ln(x)$, we need to find its derivative to determine its monotonicity. The derivative of $y$ with respect to $x$ is calculated as:\n\n$$\ny' = \\frac{d}{dx}(x\\ln(x)) = \\ln(x) + x \\cdot \\frac{1}{x} = \\ln(x) + 1.\n$$\n\nNow, we analyze the sign of $y'$ to deduce the intervals where the function is increasing or decreasing:\n\n1. For $x \\in (0, \\frac {1}{e})$, $\\ln(x)$ is negative and $\\ln(x) + 1$ is negative because $\\ln(\\frac {1}{e}) = -1$. Hence, in this interval, $y' < 0$ and the function is monotonically decreasing.\n\n2. For $x \\in (\\frac {1}{e}, 5)$, $\\ln(x)$ is positive for $x > \\frac {1}{e}$ and thus $\\ln(x) + 1$ is also positive. Therefore, $y' > 0$ and the function is monotonically increasing.\n\nBased on the analysis above, option D is correct. The function $y=x\\ln(x)$ is decreasing in the interval $(0, \\frac {1}{e})$ and increasing in the interval $(\\frac {1}{e}, 5)$. So, the correct answer is \\boxed{D}.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Extract and present the main key point of the input text in one very short sentence, including essential details like dates or locations if necessary.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Dr. Harris,\n\nThank you for reaching out! I'm thrilled to hear from you and would be delighted to collaborate on the Pygmy Sloth paper. Your field study data sounds like a valuable addition to our research.\n\nI've been working on a draft that focuses on the ecological factors influencing the sloths' mating habits, and I believe your data could provide some crucial insights into the anatomical aspects of their reproduction. If you're willing to share your findings, I can incorporate them into the paper and send you the updated draft for your review.\n\nI'm excited to work with you on this project and look forward to combining our expertise.\n\nBest,\nAlex Novak\nGraduate Student, Riverdale College",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Alex Novak is excited to collaborate on the Pygmy Sloth paper and integrate Dr. Harris's field study data.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "Provide a concise, objective summary of the input text in up to three sentences, focusing on key actions and intentions without using second or third person pronouns.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "The couple who saved a newborn baby's life in Merced, California are planning to adopt the baby girl found abandoned in their apartment building's dumpster last week. Jimmy and Annette Alvarez found the little girl after hearing Jorge Miranda scream around 5:45am at the Sunnyside Apartment Complex last Thursday. Jimmy immediately wrapped the baby in his t-shirt and his wife warmed her up with her hands, which led the child to take a deep breath and come back to life. Police have since identified the baby's mother as a 13-year-old girl who is bound for Child Protective Services. Scroll down for video . Loving: Annette (left) and Jimmy Alvarez (right) plan to adopt the newborn baby who was found dumped in a trash bin last week in Merced, California. The mother has since been identified as a 13-year-old girl . Found: A newborn baby girl was found in this dumpster beneath pizza boxes and various pieces of trash . The Alvarezes, former foster parents who have 37 grandchildren and great-grandchildren, now plan to become parents again after filing papers to adopt the little girl they've named Milagro - Spanish for 'miracle'. Mr Alvarez described the heartbreaking moment he found baby Milagro to the Merced Sun-Star. Jorge Miranda was looking through the trash bin for cans and bottles early that morning when he found the hours-old baby under discarded pizza boxes and plastic trash bags. The Alvarezes heard the scream and came running to the trash area, where they found a confused and shocked Mr Miranda with the baby. Family man: Mr Alvarez pictured with one of his many great-grandchildren . 'He was shocked, he was scared,' Mr Alvarez said of Mr Miranda. 'The baby was lying in the corner of the dumpster, half naked, the umbilical cord hanging.' Alvarez wrapped the child in his shirt and his wife then held the baby until police arrived. He asked the paramedics if he could name the child 'Milagro' which means miracle. 'It was a miracle she was there; it was a miracle she was found. I’m just grateful it wasn't dumpster day.' Hospitals, fire stations, and police stations are 'Safe Surrender' stations where mother's may drop their babies less than three days old without any questions asked. 'We also have information available if someone drops a baby off and later wants them back,' said Billy Alcorn, acting battalion chief. Local police eventually found the 13-year-old mother who admitted to abandoning the baby. She received medical treatment and doctors confirmed that she recently gave birth. The unidentified mother is currently in the county's care and will be transferred into the custody of Child Protective Services. Miracle: Jimmy Alvarez presents a gift to the baby he calls Milagros meaning miracle because the baby is lucky to be alive after being abandoned in the trash can .",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Jimmy and Annette Alvarez, a couple from Merced, California, are planning to adopt a newborn baby girl they found abandoned in their apartment building's dumpster last week. On Thursday morning, around 5:45 am, they heard Jorge Miranda scream and rushed to the trash area, where they found the baby under discarded pizza boxes and trash. Jimmy wrapped the infant in his t-shirt, and Annette warmed her with her hands, reviving the child. The baby, now named Milagro, which means \"miracle\" in Spanish, was taken to the hospital and is doing well. The Alvarezes, who are former foster parents with 37 grandchildren and great-grandchildren, have filed papers to adopt Milagro. The baby's mother, a 13-year-old girl, has been identified and is under the care of Child Protective Services. The incident highlights the availability of \"Safe Surrender\" stations, where mothers can drop off babies under three days old without facing legal consequences.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "Name a type of flower that typically grows in a temperate climate",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "One type of flower that typically grows in a temperate climate is the rose.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "You are an AI rewriting assistant. You will be provided with a text and you need to rewrite it according to the user's instructions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Replace repetitive words in the following sentence with appropriate synonyms:\nThe cake was sweet, very sweet, but not too sweet.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The cake was sweet, very sugary, but not overly so.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
explore-instruct-rewriting
|
[
{
"content": "You're an AI assistant for text re-writing. Rewrite the input text to make it more professional and formal while retaining its essential content.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "I'm thrilled to share a story that highlights the power of patient education and dedicated healthcare. A few months ago, I had the privilege of working with Sarah Johnson, a patient diagnosed with a rare form of macular degeneration. Despite the initial challenges, Sarah's condition improved significantly after a customized treatment plan and consistent patient education. Her journey is a testament to the importance of clear communication and a supportive healthcare team. 🌟\n\nInspired by Sarah's success, I am excited to announce the launch of \"Eyes on Health,\" a new educational initiative in collaboration with the San Francisco Eye Institute. This program aims to provide comprehensive resources for patients and caregivers, helping them better understand and manage eye conditions. Whether it's through webinars, articles, or interactive Q&A sessions, we are committed to making eye health accessible and understandable for everyone.\n\nI would love to hear your thoughts and experiences. How do you ensure your patients stay informed and engaged in their healthcare journey? #EyeHealth #PatientEducation #Ophthalmology",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "I am pleased to share an inspiring story that underscores the significance of patient education and committed healthcare. Several months ago, I had the honor of collaborating with Sarah Johnson, a patient diagnosed with a rare form of macular degeneration. Despite the initial obstacles, Sarah's condition markedly improved following the implementation of a tailored treatment plan and ongoing patient education. Her journey serves as a powerful testament to the critical role of clear communication and a supportive healthcare team.\n\nMotivated by Sarah's success, I am delighted to announce the launch of \"Eyes on Health,\" a new educational initiative in partnership with the San Francisco Eye Institute. This program is designed to offer comprehensive resources for patients and caregivers, enhancing their understanding and management of eye conditions. Through a variety of formats including webinars, articles, and interactive Q&A sessions, we are dedicated to making eye health accessible and comprehensible to all.\n\nI welcome your insights and experiences. How do you ensure that your patients remain informed and engaged in their healthcare journey? #EyeHealth #PatientEducation #Ophthalmology",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-rewrite
|
[
{
"content": "Their town has two bus lines, the orange and the purple. Each bus line only has two buses. The buses drive along the same road, each one going in the opposite direction. If you are on the orange bus going east, what is the probability that the next bus you see will be purple?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To solve this, let's break down the situation. There are four buses in total: two orange and two purple. Since you are already on an orange bus going east, we only need to consider the remaining three buses, as the one you are on doesn't affect the outcome.\n\nOf the three remaining buses, two are going in the opposite direction (west), and one is going in the same direction as you (east). Since there is one purple bus going in each direction, this leaves us with two possible purple buses and one orange bus that could be the next bus you see.\n\nHowever, since you are moving east and a bus is coming from the opposite direction (west), the probability is actually related to which buses are going west. There are two buses going west, and since each bus line only has two buses, one of those going west is orange and the other is purple.\n\nTherefore, there is a 1 in 2 chance that the next bus you see (which is going west) is purple, making the probability 0.5 or 50%.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What happens if while on the orange bus going east you see a bus and it is not purple but rather orange do you know know what the next one is?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "If you see an orange bus going west, that means the other bus going west (in the opposite direction) must be purple, since there is only one other bus going west and it can't be another orange bus going in the same direction as the one you just saw (since each direction has one bus from each line). \n\nNow that you know the orange bus going west has passed, the only bus left that could be going in the opposite direction (and be seen next by you going east) is the purple bus. The next bus you see going in the opposite direction (west) will indeed be purple.\n\nHowever, it's essential to consider that you might see a bus going in the same direction (east) before you see another one going west. If you see a bus going east, it could be the purple bus going east, and in that case, it wouldn't change the fact that the next bus going west would be purple.\n\nSo, if you see an orange bus going west, you can conclude that the next bus you see going west will be purple.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "write the corrected response here\nIf you see an orange bus going west that means the other bus going west in the opposite direction must be purple since there is only one other bus going west and it can't be another orange bus going in the same direction as the one you just saw since each direction has one bus from each line now that you know the orange bus going west has passed the only bus left that could be going in the opposite direction and be seen next by you going east will indeed be purple",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "If you see an orange bus going west, that means the other bus going west in the opposite direction must be purple, since there is only one other bus going west and it can't be another orange bus going in the same direction as the one you just saw, since each direction has one bus from each line. Now that you know the orange bus going west has passed, the only bus left that could be going in the opposite direction and be seen next by you going east will indeed be purple.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "You love playing tennis. It's your favorite hobby.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "I just posted a new photo on my Instagram and I want it shared on my Facebook Story. Can you help me do that?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "As an AI text-based model, I don't have the capability to directly perform actions on social media platforms, but I can guide you through the steps on how to share your Instagram post to your Facebook Story.\n\n1. Open the Instagram app on your device.\n2. Go to your profile and find the photo you want to share.\n3. Tap on the photo to open it.\n4. Below the photo, tap on the airplane symbol (Share button).\n5. A menu will appear with several options. Tap on \"Share to Facebook\".\n6. On the next screen, you'll see \"Share to News Feed\" and \"Share to Your Story\". Choose \"Share to Your Story\".\n7. If prompted, log in to your Facebook account.\n8. Then, it will be shared to your Facebook Story.\n\nRemember, you need to have your Facebook account linked to your Instagram for this to work. If you haven't done this yet, you can do it in Instagram settings -> \"Account\" -> \"Linked Accounts\" -> \"Facebook\", and then enter your Facebook login information.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
systemchats-30k
|
[
{
"content": "How would you configure thread sanitization in C++ through command line instructions, while at the same time ensuring that the stack size is set to a minimum of 512KB? Please provide a detailed sequence of steps involving multiple stages of reasoning.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Thread sanitization is a tool in C++ that can help identify and prevent bugs related to multithreading. To configure thread sanitization in C++, you can use the command line option `-fsanitize=thread`. \n\nHowever, to ensure that the stack size is set to a minimum of 512KB, you'll need to use the linker option `--stack`. Here's a detailed sequence of steps to do this:\n\n1. Compile your C++ code with the `-fsanitize=thread` option. This will include the thread sanitizer library in the binary.\n```\ng++ -fsanitize=thread -o myapp myapp.cpp\n```\n2. Next, use the `--stack` linker option to set the stack size to a minimum of 512KB. This option is passed to the linker via the `-Wl` flag.\n```\ng++ -fsanitize=thread -Wl,--stack,524288 -o myapp myapp.cpp\n```\nNote that `524288` is the value of 512KB in bytes.\n\n3. Run your program to see if it identifies any thread-related bugs. If there are any issues, the thread sanitizer will report them.\n\nBy using these two options together, you can ensure that your C++ program is being executed with a minimum stack size of 512KB and being monitored for thread-related bugs.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Find $\\lfloor |-4.2| \\rfloor + |\\lfloor -4.2 \\rfloor|$.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We have $\\lfloor |-4.2| \\rfloor = \\lfloor 4.2 \\rfloor = 4$ and $|\\lfloor -4.2 \\rfloor| = |-5| = 5$.\nSo $\\lfloor |-4.2| \\rfloor + |\\lfloor -4.2 \\rfloor| = 4 + 5 = \\boxed{9}$.\nThe answer is: 9",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
metamathqa-50k
|
[
{
"content": "Is there a way to generate code that can transform input text into lowercase?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Yes, here is a Python code snippet that can achieve that:\n\n```python\ndef transform_to_lowercase(input_text):\n output_text = input_text.lower()\n return output_text\n\ntext = \"This is A random Text\"\nlowercase_text = transform_to_lowercase(text)\nprint(lowercase_text)\n```\n\nIn this code, we define a function `transform_to_lowercase` that takes an `input_text` parameter. Inside the function, we use the `.lower()` method on the `input_text` to transform it into lowercase and assign the result to the `output_text` variable. Finally, we return the `output_text`.\n\nTo test the code, we pass the input text \"This is A random Text\" to the `transform_to_lowercase` function and store the result in the `lowercase_text` variable. Then, we print the `lowercase_text` which will be the transformed lowercase version of the input text: \"this is a random text\".",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "From an efficiency perspective, which is more efficient to use: an 'if-return-return' structure or an 'if-else-return' structure? For instance, should I use the following code:\n\n```python\nif(A > B):\n return A+1\nreturn A-1\n```\n\nOr should I use this instead:\n\n```python\nif(A > B):\n return A+1\nelse:\n return A-1\n```\n\nDoes the preference change when using a compiled language like C or a scripted language like Python?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "From an efficiency perspective, there is no significant difference between the two structures. Both 'if-return-return' and 'if-else-return' will perform the same operation and will have similar performance.\n\nIn both Python and C, as soon as a 'return' statement is encountered, the control is passed back to the caller and the function is exited. This means that in the 'if-return-return' structure, if the condition in the 'if' statement is true, the function will return A+1 and exit. If it's false, it will skip the first 'return' statement and move to the next line, returning A-1 and exiting. This is exactly how the 'if-else-return' structure will also behave.\n\nHence, the choice between the two is more a matter of code readability and style, rather than efficiency. Some programmers might prefer the 'if-else-return' structure because it explicitly shows the two alternative paths the function can take, and might thus be easier to understand at a glance. On the other hand, others might prefer the 'if-return-return' structure because it involves less indentation, making the code look cleaner. \n\nHere is how you would write the code in Python:\n\n```python\ndef compare(A, B):\n if(A > B):\n return A+1\n else:\n return A-1\n```\n\nAnd here is how you would write the code in C:\n\n```c\nint compare(int A, int B) {\n if(A > B) {\n return A+1;\n } else {\n return A-1;\n }\n}\n```\n\nIn both cases, the function takes two integers as input, checks if the first one is greater than the second one, and returns either A+1 or A-1 based on the result. The 'if-else-return' structure makes this logic clear. However, you could also use the 'if-return-return' structure without changing the functionality or performance of the function.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "In a fruit salad, there are raspberries, green grapes, and red grapes. There are three times the number of red grapes as green grapes, plus some additional red grapes. There are 5 less raspberries than green grapes. There are 102 pieces of fruit in the salad, and there are 67 red grapes in the salad. How many more red grapes are there than three times the number of green grapes?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Let's denote the number of green grapes as G, the number of red grapes as R, and the number of raspberries as B.\n\nFrom the information given, we have the following equations:\n\n1) R = 3G + X, where X is the additional number of red grapes beyond three times the green grapes.\n2) B = G - 5, because there are 5 less raspberries than green grapes.\n3) R + G + B = 102, because there are 102 pieces of fruit in the salad.\n4) R = 67, because there are 67 red grapes in the salad.\n\nNow, let's use these equations to find the values of G, B, and X.\n\nFrom equation 4, we know R = 67. We can substitute R in equation 1 to find the value of G and X:\n\n67 = 3G + X\n\nNow, let's use equation 3 to express B in terms of G:\n\nR + G + B = 102\n67 + G + (G - 5) = 102\n67 + 2G - 5 = 102\n2G + 62 = 102\n2G = 102 - 62\n2G = 40\nG = 20\n\nNow that we have the value of G, we can find B:\n\nB = G - 5\nB = 20 - 5\nB = 15\n\nNow we can find the value of X by substituting G back into equation 1:\n\n67 = 3(20) + X\n67 = 60 + X\nX = 67 - 60\nX = 7\n\nSo, there are $\\boxed{7}$ more red grapes than three times the number of green grapes.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"validate_and_get_last_element\",\"description\":\"Validates the input is a sequence and returns the last element of the sequence.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"input_sequence\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"description\":\"The input to be validated as a sequence.\"}},\"required\":[\"input_sequence\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"find_average\",\"description\":\"Calculates the average of numeric items in a list.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"items\":{\"type\":\"array\",\"items\":{\"type\":[\"integer\",\"number\",\"object\",\"string\"]},\"description\":\"A list containing numeric and/or string items. Strings that represent numbers will be converted to numeric types.\"}},\"required\":[\"items\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"combine_errors\",\"description\":\"Combines multiple errors into a single, meaningful error message.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"exceptions\":{\"type\":\"array\",\"items\":{\"type\":[\"object\",\"object\"]},\"description\":\"A list of either ValueError or IndexError exceptions.\"}},\"required\":[\"exceptions\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"strip_control_characters\",\"description\":\"Strips control characters from a given string.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"text\":{\"type\":\"string\",\"description\":\"The string from which control characters will be removed.\"}},\"required\":[\"text\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"get_field02_of_item03\",\"description\":\"Returns the value of the 'field02' of 'item03' from the given data dictionary.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"data\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"additionalProperties\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"additionalProperties\":{}},\"description\":\"A dictionary containing the data structure with nested dictionaries.\"}},\"required\":[\"data\"]}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Given a data dictionary with nested items, retrieve the value of 'field02' from 'item03'. For example, the data dictionary might look like this: {'item01': {'field01': 'value1', 'field02': 'value2'}, 'item02': {'field01': 'value3', 'field02': 'value4'}, 'item03': {'field01': 'value5', 'field02': 'value6'}}.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"get_field02_of_item03\", \"arguments\": {\"data\": {\"item01\": {\"field01\": \"value1\", \"field02\": \"value2\"}, \"item02\": {\"field01\": \"value3\", \"field02\": \"value4\"}, \"item03\": {\"field01\": \"value5\", \"field02\": \"value6\"}}}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "The user's name is Sophie.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Can you tell me what the Spanish word for 'hello' is?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Spanish word for 'hello' is 'hola'.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
systemchats-30k
|
[
{
"content": "How many positive integers with four digits have a thousands digit of 2?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Since the thousands digit must be 2, we have only one choice for that digit.\nFor the hundreds digit, we have 10 choices (0-9).\nFor the tens and units digits, we also have 10 choices each.\nTherefore, there are $1 \\times 10 \\times 10 \\times 10 = \\boxed{1000}$ positive integers with four digits that have a thousands digit of 2.\nThe answer is: 1000",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
metamathqa-50k
|
[
{
"content": "Your response should contain at least 3 sentences. The response must contain at least 2 placeholders represented by square brackets, such as [address]. Your answer must contain exactly 2 bullet points. Use the markdown bullet points such as: * This is point 1. At the end of your response, please explicitly add a postscript starting with P.S.\n",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To provide you with the most accurate information, I need to know the [address] where you are planning to visit. Here are a few details to consider:\n* Make sure the [address] is correct and up-to-date.\n* Check the opening hours and any specific requirements they may have.\n\nP.S. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask!",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-constraints
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"name\": \"search_video_list_by_keywords\", \"description\": \"Search for videos on TikTok by specified keywords and additional filtering options.\", \"parameters\": {\"keywords\": {\"description\": \"Keywords to search videos for.\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"\\u8e0a\\u3063\\u3066\\u307f\\u305f\"}, \"sort_type\": {\"description\": \"Criterion for sorting results. Defaults to '0'.\", \"type\": \"str, optional\", \"default\": \"0\"}, \"publish_time\": {\"description\": \"Time filter for when videos were posted. Defaults to '0'.\", \"type\": \"str, optional\", \"default\": \"0\"}, \"cursor\": {\"description\": \"Pagination cursor for navigating results. Defaults to '0'.\", \"type\": \"str, optional\", \"default\": \"0\"}, \"region\": {\"description\": \"ISO region code to filter results by location. Defaults to 'US'.\", \"type\": \"str, optional\", \"default\": \"US\"}, \"count\": {\"description\": \"Number of results to retrieve. Defaults to '10'.\", \"type\": \"str, optional\", \"default\": \"10\"}}}, {\"name\": \"search\", \"description\": \"This function queries the Cheap YouTube API to search for videos based on the given query string.\", \"parameters\": {\"q\": {\"description\": \"The search query string to find relevant videos.\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"crypto\"}}}, {\"name\": \"get_chat_restrictions\", \"description\": \"Fetches chat restrictions for a given Twitch channel using the Toolbench RapidAPI.\", \"parameters\": {\"channel\": {\"description\": \"The name of the Twitch channel to fetch chat restrictions for.\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"xqc\"}}}, {\"name\": \"search_title\", \"description\": \"Searches for books by a given title using the Open Library API.\", \"parameters\": {\"title\": {\"description\": \"The title of the book to search for.\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"\"}}}, {\"name\": \"get_user_profile\", \"description\": \"Fetches the user profile from the 9GAG API using the provided username.\", \"parameters\": {\"username\": {\"description\": \"The username of the user whose profile needs to be fetched.\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"kleido007\"}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Search YouTube for videos related to 'DIY home projects'.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"search\", \"arguments\": {\"q\": \"DIY home projects\"}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "Write a Python function to invert a square matrix A by transposing its main diagonal into the secondary diagonal. If A is not square, raise an exception.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Here is the implementation:\n\n```python\ndef invert_matrix(A):\n if len(A) != len(A[0]):\n raise Exception(\"A is not square\")\n\n inverted_A = []\n for i in range(len(A)):\n inverted_A.append([])\n for j in range(len(A)):\n inverted_A[i].append(A[j][i])\n\n return inverted_A\n```\n\nIn this implementation:\n- `invert_matrix(A)` checks if matrix A is square. If not, it raises an exception.\n- It then creates a new matrix `inverted_A`.\n- For each element in `inverted_A`, it retrieves the corresponding element from A and places it in the inverted position.\n- Finally, it returns the inverted matrix `inverted_A`.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"dynamic_attribute_access\",\"description\":\"Dynamically access an attribute from a module.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"module\":{\"description\":\"The module from which to access the attribute.\"},\"attr_name\":{\"type\":\"string\",\"description\":\"The name of the attribute to access.\"},\"default_value\":{\"description\":\"The default value to return if the attribute does not exist.\"}},\"required\":[\"module\",\"attr_name\",\"default_value\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"convert_numbers_to_format\",\"description\":\"Converts a list of numbers to a specified format.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"numbers\":{\"type\":\"array\",\"items\":{\"type\":\"integer\"},\"description\":\"A list of integers to be converted.\"},\"format\":{\"type\":\"string\",\"description\":\"A string specifying the format ('hex', 'bin', or 'oct').\"}},\"required\":[\"numbers\",\"format\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"handle_commands\",\"description\":\"Parses a list of commands, each of which may or may not have an argument.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"commands\":{\"type\":\"array\",\"items\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"description\":\"A list of strings, where each string is a command. A command may contain an argument separated by a space.\"}},\"required\":[\"commands\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"invalidate\",\"description\":\"Invalidate the given object by adding a 'valid' attribute set to False.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"obj\":{\"description\":\"The object to be invalidated. It must be mutable and have a __dict__ attribute.\"}},\"required\":[\"obj\"]}}},{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"get_car_counts\",\"description\":\"Returns a list of the number of cars owned by each person.\\n\\nIf the 'person' key is not present, returns an empty list.\\nIf a car does not have a 'model' key, it is not counted.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"d\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"additionalProperties\":{},\"description\":\"A dictionary containing a 'person' key and a 'cars' key. The 'person' key is a list of persons. The 'cars' key is a list of dictionaries, each representing a car with a 'model' and 'color' key.\"}},\"required\":[\"d\"]}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Parse the following commands: 'start server', 'stop server', and 'restart server'.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"handle_commands\", \"arguments\": {\"commands\": [\"start server\", \"stop server\", \"restart server\"]}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "What logical fallacy consists of selectively presenting facts to create a misleading impression?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "This type of fallacy is known as cherry-picking. Cherry-picking involves selectively presenting only favorable or supporting facts while omitting or downplaying contradictory or unfavorable information. By doing so, individuals create a misleading or biased impression that does not accurately represent the whole situation. This fallacy can be used to manipulate public opinion, sway arguments, or deceive people into believing a distorted version of reality.\n\nCherry-picking often relies on the suppression of evidence, where unfavorable facts are ignored or suppressed in order to create a false narrative. It can be particularly misleading when used in statistics, science, or research, as it may give the impression that the presented data supports a conclusion when, in fact, it is based on incomplete or skewed information.\n\nIn everyday conversations and debates, recognizing cherry-picking can be challenging. However, critical thinking and analyzing the information presented can help identify this fallacy. One should always look for diverse sources, consider multiple perspectives, and ask questions about potential omissions or biases in the information presented. By being aware of cherry-picking and taking a nuanced approach to information, one can make more informed decisions and avoid being misled by those who try to create a distorted impression.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "An argument ncan be invalid yet have a true conclusion. What is an example of such an argument?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A classic example of an argument that is invalid yet has a true conclusion is: \"The sky is blue because the grass is green.\"\n\nIn this argument, the conclusion \"The sky is blue\" is indeed true. However, the reasoning provided to support this conclusion is flawed. The color of the grass has no logical connection to the color of the sky. The argument is invalid because it lacks a logical link between the premise (the grass is green) and the conclusion (the sky is blue).\n\nThis type of argument is often referred to as a non sequitur, which is Latin for \"it does not follow.\" The conclusion does not logically follow from the premise, making the argument invalid. Nevertheless, the conclusion itself happens to be true, demonstrating that an argument's validity is separate from the truth of its conclusion. A valid argument requires a logical connection between the premises and the conclusion, whereas the truth of the conclusion is a separate matter.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the distinction between soundness and validity in arguments?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The distinction between soundness and validity in arguments lies in the relationship between the premises and the conclusion, as well as the truth of the premises.\n\nValidity refers to the logical structure of an argument. An argument is considered valid if its conclusion logically follows from its premises. In other words, if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true. Validity concerns the relationship between the premises and the conclusion, ensuring that the argument is free from logical fallacies and that the conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises. An argument can be valid even if its premises are false.\n\nSoundness, on the other hand, requires both validity and the truth of the premises. An argument is considered sound if it is valid and all its premises are true. In other words, a sound argument has a logical structure (validity) and is based on true assumptions (true premises). If an argument is sound, its conclusion is guaranteed to be true.\n\nTo illustrate the difference, consider the following example:\n\nArgument 1: All cats can fly. Socrates is a cat. Therefore, Socrates can fly.\n\nThis argument is valid because the conclusion logically follows from the premises. However, it is not sound because the premise \"All cats can fly\" is false.\n\nArgument 2: All humans are mortal. Socrates is human. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.\n\nThis argument is both valid and sound. It is valid because the conclusion logically follows from the premises, and it is sound because the premises are true.\n\nIn summary, validity concerns the logical structure of an argument, while soundness requires both a valid structure and true premises.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "You are a smart AI assistant capable of setting reminders and alarms for the user.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Can you find the most recent deals available on Amazon for me?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "I'm sorry for the misunderstanding, but as an AI text-based model, I don't have real-time browsing capabilities or access to up-to-date information from external databases or websites, so I am unable to find the most recent deals on Amazon or any other online shopping sites. My main function is to assist users by generating human-like text based on the prompts given to me.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Okay, I understand. Can you then guide me on how to find the latest deals on Amazon?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Absolutely, here are the steps to find the latest deals on Amazon:\n\n1. Open your web browser and go to www.amazon.com.\n2. Sign in to your Amazon account if you aren't already signed in.\n3. Once you are on the Amazon home page, you'll see a tab named \"Today's Deals\" on the top row of options. Click on it.\n4. A new page will open where you can see all the deals available at the moment. You can sort the deals by \"Department\", \"Discount\", \"Price\", \"Customer Ratings\", and more.\n5. To find the most recent deals, go to \"Sort by\" and select \"Newest Arrivals\". This will show you the deals that have been most recently added.\n\nRemember to check whether the deal is still active and the discount is applied before making a purchase. Happy shopping!",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Can you also guide me on how to set up alerts for specific items I'm interested in so that I'm notified when they go on sale?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Absolutely! Here's how you can set up alerts for price drops on specific items on Amazon:\n\n1. Open your web browser and visit www.amazon.com.\n2. Sign in to your Amazon account if you aren't already signed in.\n3. Use the search bar to find the specific item you're interested in.\n4. Once you're on the product page, you can select the \"Add to List\" option. This will add your item to a list you've created or a default one like \"Shopping List\" or \"Wish List\".\n5. After the item is added to your list, Amazon will usually send you email alerts when the price drops or when the item is back in stock if it was out of stock. \n\nFor more detailed updates and notifications, you may need to adjust your notification settings:\n\n1. Go to \"Your Account\".\n2. Under \"Email alerts, messages, and ads\", click on \"Communication preferences\".\n3. Here you can adjust what notifications you want to receive.\n\nPlease note that this function might not be available in all regions and for all products. Also, the notifications might not always be immediate, so checking the website or app directly from time to time might be a good idea.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Can you explain to me how to set up alerts on the Amazon mobile app?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Certainly! Here's how you can set up price drop alerts in the Amazon app:\n\n1. Open the Amazon app on your mobile device.\n2. Sign in to your Amazon account if you aren't already signed in.\n3. Use the search bar at the top of the screen to find the product you're interested in.\n4. Once you've found the product, go to its detailed page by tapping on it.\n5. On the product's page, you'll see an option to \"Add to List\". Tap on it. This will add the item to one of your lists.\n6. Once the item is on your list, Amazon will usually notify you if the price changes significantly. \n\nFor managing notifications:\n\n1. In the Amazon app, go to \"More\" which is located at the bottom right of the screen.\n2. Tap on \"Settings\".\n3. Tap on \"Notifications\".\n4. Here you can manage and customize what kind of notifications you want to receive.\n\nPlease note that this function might not be available in all regions and for all products. Also, the notifications might not always be immediate. It's still a good idea to check the app directly from time to time.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
systemchats-30k
|
[
{
"content": "You are an AI assistant. Provide a detailed answer so user don’t need to search outside to understand the answer.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is the name of the album that was left unaltered aside from a remastering which sharpened the bass guitar sound and increased the volume of the vocals by approximately three decibels? Answer the above question based on the context below: Soon afterward, in April 1993, Albini remarked to the Chicago Tribune that he doubted Geffen would release the completed album. Albini commented years later that in a sense he felt he spoke about the situation \"from a position of ignorance, because I wasn't there when the band was having their discussions with the record label. All I know is ... we made a record, everybody was happy with it. A few weeks later I hear that it's unreleasable and it's all got to be redone\". While Albini's remarks in the article drew no immediate reply from the group or its label, Newsweek ran a similar article soon afterwards that did. Nirvana denied there was any pressure from its label to change the album's sound, sending a letter to Newsweek that said that the article's author \"ridiculed our relationship with our label based on totally erronous [sic] information\"; the band also reprinted the letter in a full-page ad in Billboard. Rosenblatt insisted in a press release that Geffen would release anything the band submitted, and label founder David Geffen made the unusual move of personally calling Newsweek to complain about the article.Nirvana wanted to do further work on the recorded tracks, and considered working with producer Scott Litt and remixing some tracks with Andy Wallace (who had mixed Nevermind). Albini vehemently disagreed, and claimed he had an agreement with the band that it would not modify the tracks without his involvement. Albini initially refused to give the album master tapes to Gold Mountain, but relented after a phone call from Novoselic. The band decided against working with Wallace and chose to remix and augment the songs \"Heart-Shaped Box\" and \"All Apologies\" with Litt at Seattle's Bad Animals Studio in May 1993. Furthermore, a remix of \"Pennyroyal Tea\" by Scott Litt (at Bad Animals on November 22, 1993) appears on the censored Wal-Mart and Kmart versions of In Utero; this remix is also available on the band's 2002 best-of compilation, Nirvana, and is the same mix that appeared on the single....\nAnswer:",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The album you are referring to is \"In Utero\" by Nirvana. The band decided to remix and augment the songs \"Heart-Shaped Box\" and \"All Apologies\" with producer Scott Litt at Seattle's Bad Animals Studio in May 1993, while the rest of the album was left unaltered aside from a remastering which sharpened the bass guitar sound and increased the volume of the vocals by approximately three decibels.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"name\": \"get_by_id\", \"description\": \"Fetch anime details by their unique ID using the RapidAPI service.\", \"parameters\": {\"is_id\": {\"description\": \"The unique identifier for the anime.\", \"type\": \"int\", \"default\": 1}}}, {\"name\": \"title_details\", \"description\": \"Fetches detailed information of titles from the Netflix API.\", \"parameters\": {\"ids\": {\"description\": \"A string containing one or more title IDs, separated by commas.\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"80057281\"}, \"lang\": {\"description\": \"Language code for the details, defaults to 'en'.\", \"type\": \"str, optional\", \"default\": \"en\"}}}, {\"name\": \"titles_id\", \"description\": \"Fetches movie title details from the Movies Database API using the given IMDb ID.\", \"parameters\": {\"is_id\": {\"description\": \"The IMDb ID of the movie title (e.g., 'tt0000002').\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"\"}, \"info\": {\"description\": \"The type of information to retrieve (default: base-info). Options include 'base_info', 'mini_info', 'image', etc.\", \"type\": \"str, optional\", \"default\": \"\"}}}, {\"name\": \"titles_id_crew\", \"description\": \"Fetches the crew details of a movie or a TV show from the Movies Database API using the provided IMDb ID.\", \"parameters\": {\"is_id\": {\"description\": \"IMDb ID of the title (e.g., 'tt0000002').\", \"type\": \"str\", \"default\": \"\"}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Can you fetch details for the anime with ID 12345 and also get the crew details for the movie with IMDb ID tt0123456?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"get_by_id\", \"arguments\": {\"is_id\": 12345}}, {\"name\": \"titles_id_crew\", \"arguments\": {\"is_id\": \"tt0123456\"}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "Extract and present the main key point of the input text in one very short sentence, including essential details like dates or locations if necessary.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Hi Emily,\n\nIt's great to hear from you! I'm glad to know you're working on a Canadian literature course. I'd be more than happy to share some of the resources I've collected over the years. I have a few units on Indigenous literature that I think you might find useful, as well as some materials on contemporary authors like Margaret Atwood and Dionne Brand.\n\nAs for my diverse proficiency level class, it's been a challenge but also very rewarding. I've found that using a lot of visual aids and scaffolding activities has been helpful. I also try to incorporate a mix of individual, pair, and group work to accommodate different learning styles and needs.\n\nI'm curious to know more about your thoughts on integrating technology in literature classrooms. Have you tried any new tools or platforms lately?\n\nBest,\nMichael",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Michael is offering to share Canadian literature resources and discussing teaching strategies for diverse proficiency levels.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "Provide a concise, objective summary of the input text in up to three sentences, focusing on key actions and intentions without using second or third person pronouns.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Hi Alex,\n\nTuesday at 3 PM works perfectly for me. I'll see you in the psychology department lounge.\n\nI've been thinking about the feedback from the conference as well, and I agree that it can help us strengthen our paper. I've started outlining the main points we should address in our revisions.\n\nI'm attaching a draft of the outline for your review. Let me know if you have any suggestions or additions.\n\nSee you on Tuesday!\nJordan",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Jordan confirms a meeting on Tuesday at 3 PM in the psychology department lounge. Jordan agrees with the feedback from the conference and has started an outline for revisions, which is attached for review. Jordan is open to suggestions or additions.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "On a farm, there are 2 cows, 3 pigs, and 6 goats. The farmer planned on adding 3 cows, 5 pigs, and some goats. After adding these animals, there will be 21 animals on the farm. How many goats did the farmer plan to add?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Let's calculate the total number of animals on the farm before the farmer adds the new animals:\n\n2 cows + 3 pigs + 6 goats = 11 animals\n\nNow, the farmer plans to add 3 cows and 5 pigs, which makes:\n\n3 cows + 5 pigs = 8 animals\n\nAdding these to the existing animals, we get:\n\n11 animals + 8 animals = 19 animals\n\nThe farmer wants to have a total of 21 animals on the farm after adding the new animals. So, to find out how many goats the farmer plans to add, we subtract the number of animals already accounted for (19) from the total desired number of animals (21):\n\n21 animals - 19 animals = 2 goats\n\nTherefore, the farmer plans to add $\\boxed{2}$ goats.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Hi there",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Hello! How can I help you today?",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "I'm looking for a healthy breakfast idea. What's a good option?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A fruit salad is a great choice. It's nutritious, delicious, and easy to make.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What fruits are good in a fruit salad?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "You can use a mix of your favorite fruits, such as strawberries, bananas, grapes, and pineapple.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
everyday-conversations
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"type\":\"function\",\"function\":{\"name\":\"calculate_energy_density\",\"description\":\"Calculates the energy density of a substance given its density and heat capacity.\",\"parameters\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"density\":{\"type\":\"number\",\"description\":\"The density of the substance in kg/m^3.\"},\"heat_capacity\":{\"type\":\"number\",\"description\":\"The heat capacity of the substance in J/(kg*K).\"}},\"required\":[\"density\",\"heat_capacity\"]}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is the energy density of water, given its density is 1000 kg/m^3 and its heat capacity is 4186 J/(kg*K)?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"calculate_energy_density\", \"arguments\": {\"density\": 1000, \"heat_capacity\": 4186}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "A line \\( l \\) bisects the area of a convex polygon. Prove that this line divides the projection of the given polygon onto a line perpendicular to \\( l \\) in a ratio not exceeding \\( 1 + \\sqrt{2} \\).",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "\n1. **Introduction**: \n Consider a convex polygon that is divided into two equal areas by a straight line $l$. Let's denote the projection of the polygon onto a line perpendicular to $l$ by $B$, and the endpoints of the projection by points $A$ and $C$.\n\n2. **Define Points and Lines**:\n Let $C_1$ be a point on the polygon that projects onto $C$. The line $l$ intersects the polygon at points $K$ and $L$. Let $K_1$ and $L_1$ be the points on the lines $C_1K$ and $C_1L$ that project to $A$, respectively.\n\n \n \n3. **Area Comparison of Sections**:\n One of the sections created by the line $l$ within the polygon can be contained in the trapezoid $K_1KLL_1$. The other section is the triangle $C_1KL$. Therefore, the area of the trapezoid $K_1KLL_1$ must be at least the area of the triangle $C_1KL$.\n\n \\[\n S_{K_1KLL_1} \\geq S_{C_1KL}\n \\]\n\n4. **Applying Geometric Properties**:\n Analyzing the above structure geometrically, we get:\n\n \\[\n AB \\cdot (KL + K_1L_1) \\geq BC \\cdot KL\n \\]\n\n Since:\n\n \\[\n K_1L_1 = KL \\cdot \\left(\\frac{AB + BC}{BC}\\right)\n \\]\n\n5. **Deriving the Inequality**:\n Substituting the above relation, we obtain:\n\n \\[\n AB \\cdot \\left(2 + \\frac{AB}{BC}\\right) \\geq BC\n \\]\n\n6. **Solving the Quadratic Inequality**:\n By solving this quadratic inequality:\n\n \\[\n \\frac{BC}{AB} \\leq 1 + \\sqrt{2}\n \\]\n\n Similarly:\n\n \\[\n \\frac{AB}{BC} \\leq 1 + \\sqrt{2}\n \\]\n\n By switching the roles of $A$ and $C$, we reach an analogous conclusion.\n\n7. **Conclusion**:\n The line $l$ divides the projection of the polygon onto a line perpendicular to $l$ in a ratio that does not exceed $1 + \\sqrt{2}$.\n\n \\[\n \\boxed{1 + \\sqrt{2}}\n \\]",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Write a Python function `find_max_match` that takes a string `s` and a list of tokens `tokens` and returns the longest possible tokenized substring of `s`. The function should return the longest possible match if there's more than one.\n\nFor example, if `tokens = [\"abc\", \"abcd\", \"abcdef\"]`, then `find_max_match(\"abcdefg\", tokens)` should return `\"abcdef\"` as the longest possible match.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Here's a solution in Python:\n\n```python\ndef find_max_match(s, tokens):\n max_length = 0\n max_token = \"\"\n for token in tokens:\n if token in s and len(token) > max_length:\n max_length = len(token)\n max_token = token\n\n return max_token\n```",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "Definition: A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\nInput: 01 امریکی ڈالر فی بیرل ہوگئی ، جو پچھلے کاروباری رو ز 10 نومبر 2017 کو اس سے قدرے زائد یعنی 62.\nOutput:",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "01 امریکی ڈالر فی بیرل ہوگئی، جو پچھلے کاروباری دن 10 نومبر 2017 کی نسبت سے قدرے زیادہ یعنی 62.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
openhermes-100k
|
[
{
"content": "You are an expert in composing functions. You are given a question and a set of possible functions. \nBased on the question, you will need to make one or more function/tool calls to achieve the purpose. \nIf none of the functions can be used, point it out and refuse to answer. \nIf the given question lacks the parameters required by the function, also point it out.\n\nYou have access to the following tools:\n<tools>[{\"name\": \"cell_density\", \"description\": \"Calculates the cell density based on the optical density (OD) and dilution factor.\", \"parameters\": {\"od\": {\"description\": \"The optical density of the sample.\", \"type\": \"float\", \"default\": 1000000000.0}, \"dilution\": {\"description\": \"The dilution factor applied to the sample.\", \"type\": \"int\", \"default\": 1000000000.0}, \"factor\": {\"description\": \"The calibration factor for converting OD to cell density. Defaults to 1e9.\", \"type\": \"float, optional\"}}}, {\"name\": \"is_power\", \"description\": \"Checks if a number is a power of a given base.\", \"parameters\": {\"num\": {\"description\": \"The number to check.\", \"type\": \"int\"}, \"base\": {\"description\": \"The base to check against.\", \"type\": \"int\"}}}, {\"name\": \"sort_numbers\", \"description\": \"Sorts a list of numbers in ascending or descending order.\", \"parameters\": {\"numbers\": {\"description\": \"The list of numbers to be sorted.\", \"type\": \"List[float]\"}, \"descending\": {\"description\": \"If True, sorts the numbers in descending order. Defaults to False.\", \"type\": \"bool, optional\"}}}]</tools>\n\nThe output MUST strictly adhere to the following format, and NO other text MUST be included.\nThe example format is as follows. Please make sure the parameter type is correct. If no function call is needed, please make the tool calls an empty list '[]'.\n<tool_call>[\n{\"name\": \"func_name1\", \"arguments\": {\"argument1\": \"value1\", \"argument2\": \"value2\"}},\n... (more tool calls as required)\n]</tool_call>",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "What is the cell density of a sample with an optical density of 0.4 and a dilution factor of 10? Also, is 100 a power of 2?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "<tool_call>[{\"name\": \"cell_density\", \"arguments\": {\"od\": 0.4, \"dilution\": 10}}, {\"name\": \"is_power\", \"arguments\": {\"num\": 100, \"base\": 2}}]</tool_call>",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
apigen-80k
|
[
{
"content": "Extract and present the main key point of the input text in one very short sentence, including essential details like dates or locations if necessary.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Hey Sam,\n\nI hope you're doing well and enjoying the great outdoors! I wanted to share some exciting news with you. I've been thinking about our discussions on starting a sustainable travel podcast, and I believe we have a great opportunity to make it happen.\n\nI've done some research on the topic and found that there's a growing demand for eco-friendly travel content, especially in the podcast format. Our unique perspectives and experiences in sustainable travel and environmental conservation could make for a compelling show.\n\nWhat do you think about launching a podcast together? We could share the responsibilities of planning, recording, and promoting the show. I'm confident that our combined audience and expertise would help us reach a wide range of listeners interested in this topic.\n\nLet me know your thoughts, and if you're on board, we can start brainstorming ideas for the first few episodes.\n\nLooking forward to hearing from you!\n\nBest,\nAlex",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Alex proposes starting a sustainable travel podcast together.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "You are a train conductor, inside of a train with 12 cars. You have 4 crew members under you. You have been conducting for 25 years and know this route very well. You care about your passengers and want them to be happy and safe. You've noticed that the weather is changing, dark clouds are accumulating and a storm is forecasted in the next 1.5 hours. \n\nWhat will you do now?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Time to start preparing for that storm. First, I'll get on the intercom and let the passengers know that we're expecting some rough weather ahead. I'll reassure them that we'll do everything we can to ensure their safety and comfort.\n\n\"Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. This is your conductor speaking. We're expecting a storm to hit our area in about an hour and a half, and I want to let you know that we're taking all necessary precautions to ensure your safety. Please make sure your seatbelts are securely fastened, and all loose items are stowed away. We'll do our best to minimize any disruptions, but we may experience some turbulence.\n\nI'll also alert my crew to start securing any outdoor equipment and making sure that all doors and windows are closed. We'll need to be ready for any sudden gusts of wind or heavy rain.\n\nI'll also check in with the engineer to see if there are any speed restrictions or special instructions from dispatch due to the weather. We'll need to be prepared to slow down or even stop if conditions become too severe.\n\nLet's get everything secured and ready to ride out this storm.\"",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How do you know this route so well and what do you think about it?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "This route? I've been running it for years, and I've lost count of how many times I've made this trip. It's like the back of my hand to me. I know every curve, every grade, every spot where the sun rises and sets. I've seen it in all kinds of weather, from blistering heat to blinding snowstorms.\n\nI've been a conductor for 25 years, and for most of that time, I've been working this route. I started out as a young brakeman, working my way up to conductor. I've had my share of mentors and trainers, but most of what I know, I learned from experience. And experience is a great teacher.\n\nThis route is a challenging one, but it's also beautiful. We go through some of the prettiest countryside in the country. We pass through mountains and valleys, alongside rivers and lakes. We see all kinds of wildlife - deer, elk, even the occasional bear. And the people - we've got regulars who ride with us all the time, and they're like family.\n\nBut it's not all scenic views and friendly faces. This route can be tough, especially in bad weather. We've got steep grades and sharp curves, and when the weather turns nasty, it can get hairy. That's why I'm always on the lookout for any sign of trouble, whether it's a storm brewing or a problem with the train itself.\n\nStill, I love this route. It's my home, in a way. And I'll keep running it, storm or shine, as long as I'm able.",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the current speed of the train and are there any speed restrictions ahead?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Let me check our current speed and the track conditions ahead. (checks the speedometer and the track warrants) We're currently running at about 60 miles per hour, which is our standard speed for this section of track.\n\nAs for speed restrictions, I've got a notice from dispatch that there's a 30-mile-per-hour speed restriction about 20 miles ahead, due to some track work that's being done. We'll need to slow down to 30 miles per hour for about 5 miles to ensure safe passage through that area.\n\nAlso, with the storm forecasted, I'm expecting that we may receive additional speed restrictions or even a stop order if the weather becomes severe enough. But for now, it's business as usual.\n\nI'll also want to check in with the engineer to make sure we're running within our safe stopping distance, considering the weather and track conditions. We'll need to be prepared to stop short if necessary, especially with the storm approaching.\n\n(speaks into the radio) \"Engineer, can you confirm our current speed and the distance to the next speed restriction?\"",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-magpie-ultra
|
[
{
"content": "A housewife saved $2.75 in buying an item on sale. She spent a certain amount for the item and saved approximately 12.087912087912088 percent in the transaction. How much did she spend on the item?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To find out how much the housewife spent on the item, we can use the percentage saved to calculate the original price of the item.\n\nLet's denote the original price of the item as \\( P \\) and the amount saved as \\( S \\). We know that \\( S = $2.75 \\) and the percentage saved is approximately \\( 12.087912087912088\\% \\).\n\nThe relationship between the original price, the amount saved, and the percentage saved is given by the formula:\n\n\\[ S = \\frac{P \\times \\text{percentage saved}}{100} \\]\n\nWe can rearrange this formula to solve for \\( P \\):\n\n\\[ P = \\frac{S \\times 100}{\\text{percentage saved}} \\]\n\nNow we can plug in the values we know:\n\n\\[ P = \\frac{2.75 \\times 100}{12.087912087912088} \\]\n\n\\[ P = \\frac{275}{12.087912087912088} \\]\n\n\\[ P \\approx 22.75 \\]\n\nSo, the housewife spent approximately $\\boxed{\\$22.75}$ on the item.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Your response should contain at least 3 sentences. In your response, the word \"research\" should appear at least 3 times. Discuss the importance of research in academic settings.\n",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Research is a fundamental component of academic settings, providing the foundation for the advancement of knowledge and understanding. Through rigorous research, students and educators alike can explore new ideas, challenge existing theories, and contribute to the body of knowledge in their respective fields. Moreover, engaging in research helps develop critical thinking and analytical skills, which are essential for academic and professional success.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-constraints
|
[
{
"content": "Rephrase the sentence to highlight the importance of the idea:\nIn my opinion, renewable energy solutions are the key to our planet's survival.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To guarantee our planet's future, renewable energy alternatives are essential.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
explore-instruct-rewriting
|
[
{
"content": "Solve the system of congruences:\n\\[ \\begin{cases}\nx \\equiv 1 \\pmod{7}, \\\\\nx \\equiv 1 \\pmod{8}, \\\\\nx \\equiv 3 \\pmod{9}.\n\\end{cases} \\]",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "\nThe problem requires solving the system of congruences:\n\n\\[\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{array}{l}\nx \\equiv 1 \\pmod{7}, \\\\\nx \\equiv 1 \\pmod{8}, \\\\\nx \\equiv 3 \\pmod{9}.\n\\end{array}\n\\right.\n\\]\n\nWe start by verifying that \\(7\\), \\(8\\), and \\(9\\) are pairwise coprime (i.e., any two of them have no common divisors other than 1). This confirms that the Chinese Remainder Theorem can be applied to guarantee a solution.\n\n#### Step 1: Compute the product \\(M\\)\n\n\\[\nM = 7 \\cdot 8 \\cdot 9 = 504\n\\]\n\nNext, we compute the individual terms \\(M_i\\) by dividing \\(M\\) by each modulus:\n\n\\[\nM_1 = \\frac{504}{7} = 72, \\quad M_2 = \\frac{504}{8} = 63, \\quad M_3 = \\frac{504}{9} = 56\n\\]\n\n#### Step 2: Find the multiplicative inverses \\(M_i'\\) of each \\(M_i\\)\n\nFor \\(M_1 = 72\\):\n\\[\nM_1' \\equiv 72^{-1} \\pmod{7}\n\\]\n\nTo find \\(72^{-1} \\pmod{7}\\):\n\n\\[\n72 \\equiv 2 \\pmod{7}\n\\]\n\\[\n2^{-1} \\pmod{7} \\quad \\text{(since \\(2 \\cdot 4 = 8 \\equiv 1 \\pmod{7}\\))}\n\\]\n\\[\nM_1' \\equiv 4 \\pmod{7}\n\\]\n\nFor \\(M_2 = 63\\):\n\n\\[\nM_2' \\equiv 63^{-1} \\pmod{8}\n\\]\n\nTo find \\(63^{-1} \\pmod{8}\\):\n\n\\[\n63 \\equiv -1 \\pmod{8}\n\\]\n\\[\n(-1)^{-1} \\equiv -1 \\equiv 7 \\pmod{8}\n\\]\n\\[\nM_2' \\equiv 7 \\pmod{8}\n\\]\n\nFor \\(M_3 = 56\\):\n\n\\[\nM_3' \\equiv 56^{-1} \\pmod{9}\n\\]\n\nTo find \\(56^{-1} \\pmod{9}\\):\n\n\\[\n56 \\equiv 2 \\pmod{9}\n\\]\n\\[\n2^{-1} \\pmod{9} \\quad \\text{(since \\(2 \\cdot 5 = 10 \\equiv 1 \\pmod{9}\\))}\n\\]\n\\[\nM_3' \\equiv 5 \\pmod{9}\n\\]\n\n#### Step 3: Calculate \\(x\\)\n\nUsing the inverses and combining them according to the Chinese Remainder Theorem:\n\n\\[\nx = (a_1 M_1 M_1' + a_2 M_2 M_2' + a_3 M_3 M_3')\n\\]\n\nWhere \\(a_1 = 1\\), \\(a_2 = 1\\), and \\(a_3 = 3\\) are the remainders:\n\n\\[\nx \\equiv (1 \\cdot 72 \\cdot 4) + (1 \\cdot 63 \\cdot 7) + (3 \\cdot 56 \\cdot 5) \\pmod{504}\n\\]\n\nCompute each term:\n\\[\n(1 \\cdot 72 \\cdot 4) = 288\n\\]\n\\[\n(1 \\cdot 63 \\cdot 7) = 441\n\\]\n\\[\n(3 \\cdot 56 \\cdot 5) = 840\n\\]\n\nSum them:\n\\[\n288 + 441 + 840 = 1569\n\\]\n\nFinally, reduce modulo 504:\n\\[\n1569 \\equiv 57 \\pmod{504}\n\\]\n\n#### Conclusion:\n\\[\n\\boxed{57}",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Extract and present the main key point of the input text in one very short sentence, including essential details like dates or locations if necessary.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Hi Sarah,\n\nThanks for reaching out and for sharing those articles! I'm always on the lookout for new ideas to try in my classroom. I've been experimenting with using QR codes to create interactive reading assignments for my students, and it's been a big hit so far.\n\nI'm curious to hear more about how you're using Challenge Based Learning in your high school science classes. I think that approach could be really powerful for engaging students across grade levels.\n\nLet me know if you'd like to meet up sometime to brainstorm ideas for our presentation at the next teacher's association meeting. I'm excited to work together!\n\nBest,\nMichael",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Michael is excited to collaborate and share ideas about using QR codes and Challenge Based Learning in the classroom.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "You are an AI rewriting assistant. You will be provided with a text and you need to rewrite it according to the user's instructions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Express the same concept with a \"chronological order\" structure:\nThe history of human civilization has been marked by numerous conflicts and wars.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Throughout the course of human history, continual conflicts and wars have left their mark on civilization.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
explore-instruct-rewriting
|
[
{
"content": "Provide a concise, objective summary of the input text in up to three sentences, focusing on key actions and intentions without using second or third person pronouns.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "By . Associated Press . and MailOnline Reporter . Hostess Brands has announced it will close the suburban Chicago bakery where the Twinkie was invented in 1930, cutting 400 jobs and shuttering a piece of American baking history. On Wednesday, the company said it plans to close the Schiller Park bakery in October. Hostess Brands CEO Bill Toler said the company is closing the plant as it tries to improve efficiency, the Chicago Sun-Times reported. National treasure: Twinkies were invented in a suburban Chicago bakery in 1930 - but the company behind the sweet treat has now announced that the bakery will be shutting down in October to improve efficiency . 'While the old Hostess company was in bankruptcy, many competitors took over the shelves and are tenaciously defending their business and thus we must be highly efficient and technologically advanced to compete,' he said. Hostess filed for bankruptcy in 2012. The plant's employees were stunned by the news, Donald Woods said. He is president of the Bakery, Confectionery, Tobacco workers and Grain Millers International Union Local 1. 'They were working like 12 hours, six days a week, and they were looking for this plant to be a part of their future,' he said, adding that the workers voted in May to rejoin the union. They had been told the company planned to keep the plant open long term, he said. Site: The Schiller Park bakery, pictured, re-opened last year following the company's bankruptcy, and workers were told the company would keep it open long term. Employees said they were shocked by the U-turn . The company said they will be providing severance packages as well as outplacement services, and the workers' union will push for employees to be relocated to other plants. The bakery had just reopened a little over a year ago as Twinkies returned to store shelves after Hostess' bankruptcy. At the time, Hostess brands were sold off to different buyers. Metropoulos & Co. and Apollo bought Twinkies and other Hostess cakes for $410 million. The spongy, cream-filled snack cake was invented in Schiller Park in 1930 by a bakery manager looking for uses for idle shortcake pans.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Hostess Brands has announced the closure of its Schiller Park bakery in suburban Chicago, where the iconic Twinkie was invented in 1930. The closure, set for October, will result in the loss of 400 jobs. CEO Bill Toler stated that the decision is part of the company's efforts to improve efficiency and compete with other brands that have taken over shelf space during Hostess' bankruptcy in 2012. The news came as a shock to the plant's employees, who had been working long hours and were under the impression that the facility would remain open long-term. The bakery, which reopened just over a year ago after Hostess emerged from bankruptcy, will provide severance packages and outplacement services to affected workers. The union representing the workers will also seek to relocate them to other plants. Twinkies, a national treasure, were originally created by a bakery manager looking for uses for idle shortcake pans.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
smol-summarize
|
[
{
"content": "If $0.8 = \\frac{y}{200 + x}$, find the smallest value of $x$, if both $x$ and $y$ are positive integers.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "First, note that $0.8$ can be expressed as $\\frac{4}{5}$, hence the equation can be rewritten as:\n\\[ \\frac{4}{5} = \\frac{y}{200 + x} \\]\nTo find $x$, we need the denominator, $200 + x$, to be a multiple of 5 so the fraction simplifies correctly with the numerator also being a multiple of 5. The smallest multiple of 5 greater than 200 is 200 itself since 200 is divisible by 5. This means that $x$ should be 0 for the immediate next multiple of 5. Thus,\n\\[ 200 + x = 5k, \\text{ where } x = 0 \\text{ and } k \\text{ is an integer. } \\]\nHence, setting $x = 0$ gives us:\n\\[ y = \\frac{4}{5} \\times 200 = 4 \\times 40 = 160. \\]\nTherefore, the smallest $x$ satisfying the conditions of the problem while keeping both $x$ and $y$ as positive integers is $\\boxed{0}$.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
numina-cot-100k
|
[
{
"content": "Design a Python function that takes a function and returns a new function that prints out the execution time of the original function. You can use the `inspect` module to traverse the call stack, and use variable scoping to pass in the original function's arguments to the newly created function.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To design a Python function that takes a function and returns a new function that prints out the execution time of the original function:\n\n1. Identify the parameters of the original function, including the function to be timed and the arguments to be passed to the timed function.\n2. Implement the desired function that takes the original function and arguments as parameters.\n3. Use `inspect` to traverse the call stack and identify the caller function.\n4. Perform the timed function execution and record its execution time.\n5. Print or log the execution time and return the result of the original function.\n\nHere's a possible implementation of the desired function that takes a function and returns a timed function:\n\n```python\nimport inspect\nimport time\n\ndef time_func(func, *args):\n start_time = time.time()\n caller_frame = inspect.stack()[2]\n caller_name = caller_frame.frame.f_code.co_name\n result = func(*args)\n end_time = time.time()\n execution_time = end_time - start_time\n print(f\"Function {caller_name} took {execution_time} seconds to execute.\")\n return result\n```\n\nIn this implementation, the `time_func` function takes the original function and arguments as parameters. It uses the `inspect` module to traverse the call stack and identify the caller function. It executes the original function and records the execution time. Finally, it prints or logs the execution time and returns the result of the original function.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
self-oss-instruct
|
[
{
"content": "You're an AI assistant for text re-writing. Rewrite the input text to make it more professional and formal while retaining its essential content.",
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"content": "Last week, I had the privilege of presenting the findings from our long-term study on the impact of climate change on trout populations in Yellowstone National Park. Our research, conducted over the past five years, has revealed some concerning trends that underscore the urgent need for conservation efforts.\n\nOne particularly memorable moment from our fieldwork was when we observed a significant decline in the cutthroat trout population in a stream that had historically been one of the healthiest. This decline was directly linked to rising water temperatures and reduced oxygen levels, both of which are exacerbated by climate change. It was a stark reminder of the delicate balance of aquatic ecosystems and the critical role that environmental stewardship plays in preserving them.\n\nOur research highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and community engagement. We've partnered with Yellowstone National Park, the National Fisheries Institute, and local conservation groups to develop strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change on trout populations. I urge my network to support and participate in these efforts. Together, we can make a significant difference in protecting these vital ecosystems.\n\n#EnvironmentalScience #TroutConservation #ClimateChange",
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"content": "Last week, I had the honor of presenting the findings from our comprehensive, long-term study on the impact of climate change on trout populations within Yellowstone National Park. This research, which has been ongoing for the past five years, has uncovered several alarming trends that highlight the pressing need for enhanced conservation measures.\n\nA particularly noteworthy observation from our fieldwork was the significant decline in the cutthroat trout population in a stream that has historically been one of the most robust. This decline has been directly attributed to increasing water temperatures and decreasing oxygen levels, conditions that are exacerbated by climate change. This finding serves as a poignant reminder of the intricate balance within aquatic ecosystems and the essential role of environmental stewardship in their preservation.\n\nOur study underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and community involvement. We have established partnerships with Yellowstone National Park, the National Fisheries Institute, and various local conservation organizations to develop and implement strategies aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change on trout populations. I encourage my colleagues and the broader community to support and engage in these initiatives. By working together, we can achieve meaningful progress in the protection of these critical ecosystems.\n\n#EnvironmentalScience #TroutConservation #ClimateChange",
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