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# Mutation Equivalence of Quivers
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Quivers and quiver mutations are central to the combinatorial study of cluster algebras,
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algebraic structures with connections to Poisson Geometry, string theory, and
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theory. Quivers are directed (multi)graphs, and a quiver mutation
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centered at a chosen node of the graph that involves
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orientation of specific edges based on
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## Dataset
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| Mutation equivalance class | Sampling depth |
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|---|---|
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| \\(
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| \\(BD_{11}\\) | 9 |
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| \\(BE_{11}\\) | 8 |
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| \\(DE_{11}\\) | 9 |
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Dataset statistics are as follows:
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| | \\(A_{11}\\) | \\(
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|---|---|--|---|---|---|----|----|---|
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| Training | 11,940 | 27,410 | 23,651 | 22,615 | 25,653 | 23,528 | 28,998 | 163,795 |
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| Test | 2,984 | 6,852 | 5,912 | 5,653 | 6,413 | 5,881 | 7,249 | 40,944 |
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**ML task:** Train a model that can predict a quiver's mutation equivalence class out of the 7 options above.
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See the work [\[
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trained on a variant of this dataset was used to re-discover known theorems.
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## Small model performance
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Henry Kvinge, [email protected]
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# Mutation Equivalence of Quivers
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Quivers and quiver mutations are central to the combinatorial study of cluster algebras,
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algebraic structures with connections to Poisson Geometry, string theory, and
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Teichmuller theory. Quivers are directed (multi)graphs, and a quiver mutation
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is a local transformation centered at a chosen node of the graph that involves
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adding, deleting, and reversing the orientation of specific edges based on
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a set of combinatorial rules. A fundamental open problem in this area is
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finding an algorithm that determines whether two quivers are mutation equivalent
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(one can traverse from one quiver to another by applying mutations). Currently,
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such algorithms only exist for special cases, including types \\(A\\)
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[1], \\(D\\) [2], and \\(\tilde{B}\\),
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\\(\tilde{C}\\), and \\(\tilde{D}\\) [3]. The \\(\tilde{B}\\)
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and \\(\tilde{C}\\) types correspond to the classes \\(BD\\) and \\(BB\\) in
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our dataset, respectively. Consistent with Sage we use the naive notation,
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which specifies a quiver by indicating the two ends of the diagram, which
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are joined by a path [7]. To our knowledge, the remaining
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classes in this dataset ( \\(E\\), \\(DE\\), \\(BE\\)) lack characterizations.
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Recent work has explored whether deep learning models can learn to correctly
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predict if two quivers are mutation equivalent [4].
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[5] utilized an alternative version of this dataset to re-discover
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known characterization theorems. The dataset consists of adjacency matrices for
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quivers drawn from 7 different mutation equivalence classes ( \\(A\\), \\(D\\),
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\\(E\\), \\(DE\\), \\(BE\\), \\(BD\\), and \\(BB\\)).
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## Dataset
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| Mutation equivalance class | Sampling depth |
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|---|---|
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| \\(BB_{11}\\) | 10 |
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| \\(BD_{11}\\) | 9 |
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| \\(BE_{11}\\) | 8 |
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| \\(DE_{11}\\) | 9 |
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Dataset statistics are as follows:
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| | \\(A_{11}\\) | \\(BB_{11}\\) | \\(BD_{11}\\) | \\(BE_{11}\\) | \\(D_{11}\\) | \\(DE_{11}\\) | \\(E_{11}\\) | Total |
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|---|---|--|---|---|---|----|----|---|
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| Training | 11,940 | 27,410 | 23,651 | 22,615 | 25,653 | 23,528 | 28,998 | 163,795 |
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| Test | 2,984 | 6,852 | 5,912 | 5,653 | 6,413 | 5,881 | 7,249 | 40,944 |
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**ML task:** Train a model that can predict a quiver's mutation equivalence class out of the 7 options above.
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See the work [\[5\]](https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.07467) for an example of how a model
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trained on a variant of this dataset was used to re-discover known theorems.
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## Small model performance
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Henry Kvinge, [email protected]
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[1] Buan, Aslak Bakke, and Dagfinn F. Vatne. "Derived equivalence classification for cluster-tilted algebras of type $A_n$." Journal of Algebra 319.7 (2008): 2723-2738.
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[2] Vatne, Dagfinn F. "The mutation class of $D_n$ quivers." Communications in Algebra 38.3 (2010): 1137-1146.
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[3] Henrich, Thilo. "Mutation classes of diagrams via infinite graphs." Mathematische Nachrichten 284.17‐18 (2011): 2184-2205.
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[4] Bao, Jiakang, et al. "Machine learning algebraic geometry for physics." arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.10334 (2022).
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[5] He, Jesse, et al. "Machines and Mathematical Mutations: Using GNNs to Characterize Quiver Mutation Classes." arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.07467 (2024).
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[6] Stein, William. "Sage: Open source mathematical software." (2008).
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[7] Musiker, Gregg, and Christian Stump. "A compendium on the cluster algebra and quiver package in Sage." arXiv preprint arXiv:1102.4844 (2011).
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