[ { "family": "Llama 2", "organization": "Meta", "first_month": "2023-07", "last_month": "2023-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Llama 2-70B", "date": "2023-07-18", "month": "2023-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/llama-2-open-foundation-and-fine-tuned-chat-models/", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.09288" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Llama 2-70B", "date": "2023-07-18", "month": "2023-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/llama-2-open-foundation-and-fine-tuned-chat-models/", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.09288" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 3.3, "central_musd": 7.26, "high_musd": 12.87 }, { "family": "Llama 3 / 3.1 / 3.2 / 3.3", "organization": "Meta", "first_month": "2024-04", "last_month": "2024-12", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Llama 3-70B", "date": "2024-04-18", "month": "2024-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://ai.meta.com/blog/meta-llama-3/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Llama 3.3 70B", "date": "2024-12-06", "month": "2024-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://www.llama.com/docs/model-cards-and-prompt-formats/llama3_3/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 63.354, "central_musd": 110.86949999999999, "high_musd": 249.68 }, { "family": "Llama 4 Scout + Maverick", "organization": "Meta", "first_month": "2025-04", "last_month": "2025-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Llama 4 Scout", "date": "2025-04-05", "month": "2025-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://ai.meta.com/blog/llama-4-multimodal-intelligence/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Llama 4 Maverick", "date": "2025-04-05", "month": "2025-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://ai.meta.com/blog/llama-4-multimodal-intelligence/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 11.07, "central_musd": 20.295, "high_musd": 38.376 }, { "family": "Qwen 2.5", "organization": "Alibaba", "first_month": "2024-09", "last_month": "2025-02", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Qwen2.5-72B", "date": "2024-09-19", "month": "2024-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://qwenlm.github.io/blog/qwen2.5/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Qwen2.5-VL-72B", "date": "2025-02-19", "month": "2025-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.13923" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 7.5168, "central_musd": 30.44304, "high_musd": 90.2016 }, { "family": "Qwen 3", "organization": "Alibaba", "first_month": "2025-04", "last_month": "2025-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Qwen3-235B-A22B", "date": "2025-04-29", "month": "2025-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://qwenlm.github.io/blog/qwen3/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B", "date": "2025-09-10", "month": "2025-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://qwen.ai/blog?id=4074cca80393150c248e508aa62983f9cb7d27cd&from=research.latest-advancements-list" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 13.76, "central_musd": 41.96, "high_musd": 129.73 }, { "family": "Qwen 3.5", "organization": "Alibaba", "first_month": "2026-02", "last_month": "2026-02", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Qwen3.5 397B-A17B", "date": "2026-02-15", "month": "2026-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://qwen.ai/blog?id=qwen3.5" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Qwen3.5-122B-A10B", "date": "2026-02-24", "month": "2026-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://github.com/QwenLM/Qwen3.5?tab=readme-ov-file" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 5.2416, "central_musd": 28.30464, "high_musd": 178.2144 }, { "family": "Qwen 3.8", "organization": "Alibaba", "first_month": "2026-08", "last_month": "2026-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Qwen3.8-2.4T-A95B", "date": "2026-08-08", "month": "2026-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3.8-2.4T-A95B" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Qwen3.8-2.4T-A95B", "date": "2026-08-08", "month": "2026-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3.8-2.4T-A95B" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 6.84, "central_musd": 38.475, "high_musd": 273.6 }, { "family": "DeepSeek V2", "organization": "DeepSeek", "first_month": "2024-05", "last_month": "2024-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "DeepSeek-V2 (MoE-236B)", "date": "2024-05-07", "month": "2024-05", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.04434", "https://github.com/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V2" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "DeepSeek-V2.5", "date": "2024-09-06", "month": "2024-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V2.5" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0.81648, "central_musd": 2.112642, "high_musd": 6.1236 }, { "family": "DeepSeek V3 / R1 / V3.x", "organization": "DeepSeek", "first_month": "2024-12", "last_month": "2025-12", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "DeepSeek-V3", "date": "2024-12-24", "month": "2024-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.19437" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "DeepSeek-V3.2", "date": "2025-12-01", "month": "2025-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://api-docs.deepseek.com/news/news251201" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 2.788, "central_musd": 8.364, "high_musd": 25.092 }, { "family": "DeepSeek V4 Pro + Flash", "organization": "DeepSeek", "first_month": "2026-04", "last_month": "2026-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "DeepSeek-V4-Pro", "date": "2026-04-24", "month": "2026-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4-Pro/blob/main/DeepSeek_V4.pdf" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "DeepSeek-V4-Flash", "date": "2026-04-24", "month": "2026-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4-Pro/blob/main/DeepSeek_V4.pdf" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 9.7584, "central_musd": 26.34768, "high_musd": 82.9464 }, { "family": "DeepSeek V4.1 Flash", "organization": "DeepSeek", "first_month": "2026-09", "last_month": "2026-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "DeepSeek V4.1 Flash", "date": "2026-09-09", "month": "2026-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash/blob/main/DeepSeek_V41_Tech_Report.pdf", "https://www.deepseek.com/en/news/deepseek-v4-1-flash/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "DeepSeek V4.1 Flash", "date": "2026-09-09", "month": "2026-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash/blob/main/DeepSeek_V41_Tech_Report.pdf", "https://www.deepseek.com/en/news/deepseek-v4-1-flash/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.728, "central_musd": 9.72, "high_musd": 69.12 }, { "family": "Kimi K2 / K2.5", "organization": "Moonshot", "first_month": "2025-07", "last_month": "2026-02", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Kimi K2", "date": "2025-07-11", "month": "2025-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://moonshotai.github.io/Kimi-K2/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Kimi K2.5", "date": "2026-02-02", "month": "2026-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.02276" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 4.6848, "central_musd": 12.64896, "high_musd": 39.8208 }, { "family": "Kimi K3", "organization": "Moonshot", "first_month": "2026-07", "last_month": "2026-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Kimi K3", "date": "2026-07-16", "month": "2026-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/moonshotai/Kimi-K3" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Kimi K3", "date": "2026-07-16", "month": "2026-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/moonshotai/Kimi-K3" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 7.488, "central_musd": 42.12, "high_musd": 299.52 }, { "family": "LongCat Flash + 2.0", "organization": "Meituan", "first_month": "2025-09", "last_month": "2026-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "LongCat-Flash", "date": "2025-09-01", "month": "2025-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01322" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "LongCat-2.0", "date": "2026-06-29", "month": "2026-06", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://longcat.chat/blog/longcat-2.0/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 10.0, "central_musd": 29.82096, "high_musd": 204.0 }, { "family": "Ling 1T / 2.6", "organization": "Ant Group", "first_month": "2025-10", "last_month": "2026-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Ling-1T", "date": "2025-10-10", "month": "2025-10", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/inclusionAI/Ling-1T", "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.22115" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Ling-2.6-flash", "date": "2026-04-21", "month": "2026-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/inclusionAI/Ling-2.6-flash" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 7.104, "central_musd": 18.3816, "high_musd": 53.28 }, { "family": "GLM 4.5 / Air", "organization": "Z.ai", "first_month": "2025-07", "last_month": "2025-12", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "GLM-4.5", "date": "2025-07-28", "month": "2025-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06471" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "GLM-4.7", "date": "2025-12-22", "month": "2025-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://z.ai/blog/glm-4.7" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 4.87872, "central_musd": 13.172544, "high_musd": 41.46912 }, { "family": "GLM 5 / 5.x", "organization": "Z.ai", "first_month": "2026-02", "last_month": "2026-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "GLM-5", "date": "2026-02-12", "month": "2026-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.15763", "https://z.ai/blog/glm-5" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "GLM-5.3", "date": "2026-08-14", "month": "2026-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://z.ai/blog/glm-5.3" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 5.472, "central_musd": 15.39, "high_musd": 54.72 }, { "family": "Hunyuan Large / Hy3 / Hy4", "organization": "Tencent", "first_month": "2024-11", "last_month": "2026-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Hunyuan-Large", "date": "2024-11-06", "month": "2024-11", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.02265" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Tencent Hy4 preview", "date": "2026-08-28", "month": "2026-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://hy.tencent.com/hy4-preview" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 5.144, "central_musd": 23.4144, "high_musd": 169.04 }, { "family": "K-EXAONE 1 / 2", "organization": "LG AI Research", "first_month": "2025-12", "last_month": "2026-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "K-EXAONE", "date": "2025-12-31", "month": "2025-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/LGAI-EXAONE" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "K-EXAONE 2.0", "date": "2026-07-31", "month": "2026-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/LGAI-EXAONE/K-EXAONE-2.0-750B-A37B", "https://github.com/LG-AI-EXAONE/K-EXAONE-2.0", "https://huggingface.co/LGAI-EXAONE/K-EXAONE-2.0-750B-A37B/blob/main/assets/K-EXAONE-2.0-Technical-Report.pdf" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 2.84, "central_musd": 10.9512, "high_musd": 34.476 }, { "family": "Nemotron 3 / 3.5", "organization": "NVIDIA", "first_month": "2025-12", "last_month": "2026-10", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Nemotron 3-Nano-30B-A3B", "date": "2025-12-15", "month": "2025-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://research.nvidia.com/labs/nemotron/files/NVIDIA-Nemotron-3-Nano-Technical-Report.pdf" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Nemotron 3.5 Lightning", "date": "2026-08-11", "month": "2026-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/nvidia-nemotron-3-5-lightning-delivers-fast-accurate-specialized-task-execution-for-long-running-agents/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Nemotron 3.5 Super-VL allowance", "month": "2026-10", "status": "unresolved_by_snapshot", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/nvidia/NVIDIA-Nemotron-3-Ultra-550B-A55B-Base-BF16", "https://huggingface.co/nvidia/NVIDIA-Nemotron-3.5-Super-VL-120B-A12B-Base-BF16", "https://huggingface.co/nvidia/NVIDIA-Nemotron-3-Super-120B-A12B-BF16", "https://huggingface.co/nvidia/NVIDIA-Nemotron-3-Nano-30B-A3B-Base-BF16", "https://huggingface.co/nvidia/NVIDIA-Nemotron-3.5-Lightning-30B-A3B-BF16" ], "note": "Release month not independently resolved. Late edge extended to the snapshot month; not an asserted October release." } ], "low_musd": 7.55, "central_musd": 21.25, "high_musd": 75.55 }, { "family": "MiniMax Text-01 / M1", "organization": "MiniMax", "first_month": "2025-01", "last_month": "2025-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "MiniMax-Text-01", "date": "2025-01-14", "month": "2025-01", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.08313" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "MiniMax-M1-80k", "date": "2025-06-13", "month": "2025-06", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13585" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 4.694048, "central_musd": 10.836018999999999, "high_musd": 29.678336 }, { "family": "MiniMax M2 / M3", "organization": "MiniMax", "first_month": "2025-10", "last_month": "2026-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "MiniMax-M2", "date": "2025-10-27", "month": "2025-10", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://www.minimax.io/news/minimax-m2" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "MiniMax-M3", "date": "2026-06-01", "month": "2026-06", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://www.minimax.io/blog/minimax-m3" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.584, "central_musd": 11.1375, "high_musd": 79.2 }, { "family": "ERNIE 4.5 text / VL", "organization": "Baidu", "first_month": "2025-06", "last_month": "2025-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-06-29", "date": "2025-06-29", "month": "2025-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/baidu/ERNIE-4.5-VL-424B-A47B-Base-PT", "https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-06-29", "date": "2025-06-29", "month": "2025-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/baidu/ERNIE-4.5-VL-424B-A47B-Base-PT", "https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 2.256, "central_musd": 7.56, "high_musd": 40.8 }, { "family": "Step 5", "organization": "StepFun", "first_month": "2026-09", "last_month": "2026-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Step 5 Preview", "date": "2026-09-18", "month": "2026-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://platform.stepfun.ai/docs/en/guides/models/step-5-preview" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Step 5 Preview", "date": "2026-09-18", "month": "2026-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://platform.stepfun.ai/docs/en/guides/models/step-5-preview" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.296, "central_musd": 9.1125, "high_musd": 64.8 }, { "family": "Mixtral 8x7B / 8x22B", "organization": "Mistral AI", "first_month": "2023-12", "last_month": "2024-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Mixtral 8x7B", "date": "2023-12-11", "month": "2023-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mixtral-of-experts/,", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.04088" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Mixtral 8x22B", "date": "2024-04-17", "month": "2024-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mixtral-8x22b/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0.74736, "central_musd": 6.44598, "high_musd": 37.368 }, { "family": "Mistral Medium 3.5", "organization": "Mistral AI", "first_month": "2024-11", "last_month": "2026-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-11-01", "date": "2024-11-01", "month": "2024-11", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-Medium-3.5-128B", "https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Devstral-2-123B-Instruct-2512", "https://mistral.ai/news/vibe-remote-agents-mistral-medium-3-5", "https://x.com/mertunsal2020/status/2049551864556143094", "https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Devstral-2-123B-Instruct-2512", "https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-Large-Instruct-2411" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "Mistral Medium 3.5", "date": "2026-04-29", "month": "2026-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-Medium-3.5-128B" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 3.072, "central_musd": 24.8832, "high_musd": 156.672 }, { "family": "Falcon 7B / 40B / 180B", "organization": "TII", "first_month": "2023-05", "last_month": "2023-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2023-05-01", "date": "2023-05-01", "month": "2023-05", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://www.tii.ae/news/uaes-technology-innovation-institute-launches-open-source-falcon-40b-large-language-model" ], "note": "First open release May 2023; earlier Epoch announcement is not the weight release." }, { "model_or_date": "Falcon-180B", "date": "2023-09-06", "month": "2023-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://falconllm.tii.ae/falcon-180b.html;", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.16867" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 6.0921, "central_musd": 14.01183, "high_musd": 36.5526 }, { "family": "BLOOM", "organization": "BigScience", "first_month": "2022-07", "last_month": "2022-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "BLOOM-176B", "date": "2022-07-11", "month": "2022-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.05100" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "BLOOM-176B", "date": "2022-07-11", "month": "2022-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.05100" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.078272, "central_musd": 2.264371, "high_musd": 3.881779 }, { "family": "FLUX 1 / 2", "organization": "Black Forest Labs", "first_month": "2024-08", "last_month": "2025-11", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Flux.1 [dev]", "date": "2024-08-01", "month": "2024-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://blackforestlabs.ai/announcing-black-forest-labs/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "FLUX.2", "date": "2025-11-25", "month": "2025-11", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://bfl.ai/blog/flux-2,", "https://github.com/black-forest-labs/flux2" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1, "central_musd": 8, "high_musd": 40 }, { "family": "Stable Diffusion 1 / 2 / XL / 3 / 3.5", "organization": "Stability AI", "first_month": "2022-08", "last_month": "2024-10", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2022-08-22", "date": "2022-08-22", "month": "2022-08", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2403.03206", "https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-xl-base-1.0" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-10-29", "date": "2024-10-29", "month": "2024-10", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2403.03206", "https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-xl-base-1.0" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 1, "central_musd": 5, "high_musd": 25 }, { "family": "Wan 2.1 / 2.2", "organization": "Alibaba", "first_month": "2025-02", "last_month": "2025-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Wan 2.1 14B I2V", "date": "2025-02-25", "month": "2025-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.20314" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-08-26", "date": "2025-08-26", "month": "2025-08", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2503.20314", "https://huggingface.co/Wan-AI/Wan2.1-T2V-14B" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 0.5, "central_musd": 3, "high_musd": 15 }, { "family": "Whisper", "organization": "OpenAI", "first_month": "2022-09", "last_month": "2023-11", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Whisper", "date": "2022-09-21", "month": "2022-09", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://cdn.openai.com/papers/whisper.pdf", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.04356" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "@2023-11-06", "date": "2023-11-06", "month": "2023-11", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/openai/whisper-large-v3", "https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 0.12, "central_musd": 0.828, "high_musd": 4.8 }, { "family": "Gemma 2", "organization": "Google", "first_month": "2024-06", "last_month": "2024-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-06-27", "date": "2024-06-27", "month": "2024-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2408.00118" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-07-31", "date": "2024-07-31", "month": "2024-07", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2408.00118" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 2.0496, "central_musd": 5.53392, "high_musd": 16.3968 }, { "family": "Gemma 3", "organization": "Google", "first_month": "2025-03", "last_month": "2025-03", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-03-12", "date": "2025-03-12", "month": "2025-03", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2503.19786" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-03-12", "date": "2025-03-12", "month": "2025-03", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2503.19786" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 2.592, "central_musd": 6.9984, "high_musd": 20.736 }, { "family": "Gemma 4", "organization": "Google", "first_month": "2026-04", "last_month": "2026-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Gemma 4 31B IT", "date": "2026-04-02", "month": "2026-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Gemma 4 12B", "date": "2026-06-03", "month": "2026-06", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://ai.google.dev/gemma/docs/core/model_card_4" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.8048, "central_musd": 9.1368, "high_musd": 57.528 }, { "family": "gpt-oss 120B / 20B", "organization": "OpenAI", "first_month": "2025-08", "last_month": "2025-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-08-05", "date": "2025-08-05", "month": "2025-08", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2508.10925" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-08-05", "date": "2025-08-05", "month": "2025-08", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2508.10925" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 3.465, "central_musd": 5.775, "high_musd": 12.012 }, { "family": "OLMo 2", "organization": "Ai2", "first_month": "2024-12", "last_month": "2025-03", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "OLMo 2 Furious 7B", "date": "2024-12-31", "month": "2024-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.00656" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "OLMo 2 32B", "date": "2025-03-13", "month": "2025-03", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://allenai.org/blog/olmo2-32B" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.368, "central_musd": 3.5397, "high_musd": 10.26 }, { "family": "Granite 3 dense", "organization": "IBM", "first_month": "2024-10", "last_month": "2024-12", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-10-21", "date": "2024-10-21", "month": "2024-10", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/ibm-granite/granite-3.0-8b-base" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-12-18", "date": "2024-12-18", "month": "2024-12", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/ibm-granite/granite-3.0-8b-base" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 0.576, "central_musd": 1.4904, "high_musd": 4.32 }, { "family": "Phi 4", "organization": "Microsoft", "first_month": "2025-01", "last_month": "2025-01", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-01-08", "date": "2025-01-08", "month": "2025-01", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/blog/azure-ai-foundry-blog/introducing-phi-4-microsoft%E2%80%99s-newest-small-language-model-specializing-in-comple/4357090" ], "note": "January 8 update announces Hugging Face availability; December commits do not establish public access." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-01-08", "date": "2025-01-08", "month": "2025-01", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/blog/azure-ai-foundry-blog/introducing-phi-4-microsoft%E2%80%99s-newest-small-language-model-specializing-in-comple/4357090" ], "note": "January 8 update announces Hugging Face availability; December commits do not establish public access." } ], "low_musd": 0.65856, "central_musd": 1.778112, "high_musd": 5.59776 }, { "family": "Nemotron 4 / H", "organization": "NVIDIA", "first_month": "2024-06", "last_month": "2025-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Nemotron-4 340B", "date": "2024-06-14", "month": "2024-06", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/nemotron-4-synthetic-data-generation-llm-training/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-04-14", "date": "2025-04-14", "month": "2025-04", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/nvidia/Nemotron-4-340B-Base", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.03624" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 20.64, "central_musd": 53.41, "high_musd": 154.8 }, { "family": "Trinity Large", "organization": "Arcee / Prime Intellect", "first_month": "2026-02", "last_month": "2026-02", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Arcee Trinity Large", "date": "2026-02-19", "month": "2026-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.17004" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Arcee Trinity Large", "date": "2026-02-19", "month": "2026-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.17004" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.0608, "central_musd": 2.74482, "high_musd": 7.956 }, { "family": "Step Video", "organization": "StepFun", "first_month": "2025-02", "last_month": "2025-02", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-02-24", "date": "2025-02-24", "month": "2025-02", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2502.10248", "https://huggingface.co/stepfun-ai/stepvideo-t2v" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-02-24", "date": "2025-02-24", "month": "2025-02", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2502.10248", "https://huggingface.co/stepfun-ai/stepvideo-t2v" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 1.2, "central_musd": 8.490272, "high_musd": 48.0 }, { "family": "Inkling / Small", "organization": "Thinking Machines", "first_month": "2026-07", "last_month": "2026-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Inkling", "date": "2026-07-15", "month": "2026-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://thinkingmachines.ai/news/introducing-inkling/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Inkling-Small", "date": "2026-07-30", "month": "2026-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://thinkingmachines.ai/news/introducing-inkling/", "https://thinkingmachines.ai/model-card/inkling-small/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 9.72, "central_musd": 32.2, "high_musd": 123.12 }, { "family": "MiMo 7B / V2 Flash / V2.5 Pro", "organization": "Xiaomi", "first_month": "2025-06", "last_month": "2026-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-06-05", "date": "2025-06-05", "month": "2025-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2-Flash", "https://huggingface.co/XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2.5-Pro", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.07608" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2026-04-23", "date": "2026-04-23", "month": "2026-04", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2-Flash", "https://huggingface.co/XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2.5-Pro", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.07608" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 8.2272, "central_musd": 22.21344, "high_musd": 69.9312 }, { "family": "TeleChat 1 / 2", "organization": "China Telecom", "first_month": "2024-04", "last_month": "2024-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-04-01", "date": "2024-04-01", "month": "2024-04", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/Tele-AI/TeleChat2-115B", "https://github.com/Tele-AI/TeleChat2" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-09-20", "date": "2024-09-20", "month": "2024-09", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/Tele-AI/TeleChat2-115B", "https://github.com/Tele-AI/TeleChat2" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 5.62272, "central_musd": 15.84, "high_musd": 60.0 }, { "family": "Apertus 8B / 70B", "organization": "Swiss AI", "first_month": "2025-09", "last_month": "2025-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-09-02", "date": "2025-09-02", "month": "2025-09", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/swiss-ai/Apertus-70B-2509", "https://github.com/swiss-ai/apertus-tech-report/blob/main/Apertus_Tech_Report.pdf" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-09-02", "date": "2025-09-02", "month": "2025-09", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/swiss-ai/Apertus-70B-2509", "https://github.com/swiss-ai/apertus-tech-report/blob/main/Apertus_Tech_Report.pdf" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 5.968, "central_musd": 15.4422, "high_musd": 44.76 }, { "family": "Solar Open 100B / Open2 250B", "organization": "Upstage", "first_month": "2025-12", "last_month": "2026-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-12-31", "date": "2025-12-31", "month": "2025-12", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/upstage/Solar-Open2-250B", "https://huggingface.co/upstage/Solar-Open-100B", "https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2026-06-28", "date": "2026-06-28", "month": "2026-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/upstage/Solar-Open2-250B", "https://huggingface.co/upstage/Solar-Open-100B", "https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 7.13472, "central_musd": 12.55312, "high_musd": 21.6736 }, { "family": "DBRX", "organization": "Databricks", "first_month": "2024-03", "last_month": "2024-03", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-03-27", "date": "2024-03-27", "month": "2024-03", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://www.databricks.com/blog/introducing-dbrx-new-state-art-open-llm", "https://huggingface.co/databricks/dbrx-base" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-03-27", "date": "2024-03-27", "month": "2024-03", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://www.databricks.com/blog/introducing-dbrx-new-state-art-open-llm", "https://huggingface.co/databricks/dbrx-base" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 2.0736, "central_musd": 5.36544, "high_musd": 15.552 }, { "family": "Grok 1", "organization": "xAI", "first_month": "2024-03", "last_month": "2024-03", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-03-17", "date": "2024-03-17", "month": "2024-03", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://x.ai/news/grok-os" ], "note": "Open release March 17, 2024, not November 2023 API debut." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-03-17", "date": "2024-03-17", "month": "2024-03", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://x.ai/news/grok-os" ], "note": "Open release March 17, 2024, not November 2023 API debut." } ], "low_musd": 1.2, "central_musd": 6.003, "high_musd": 42.0 }, { "family": "Command R / R+", "organization": "Cohere", "first_month": "2024-03", "last_month": "2024-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-03-11", "date": "2024-03-11", "month": "2024-03", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/CohereLabs/c4ai-command-r-plus" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-04-04", "date": "2024-04-04", "month": "2024-04", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/CohereLabs/c4ai-command-r-plus" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 1.3344, "central_musd": 9.007200000000001, "high_musd": 50.04 }, { "family": "Mistral Large 3 — base", "organization": "Mistral AI", "first_month": "2025-12", "last_month": "2025-12", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Mistral Large 3", "date": "2025-12-02", "month": "2025-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-3/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Mistral Large 3", "date": "2025-12-02", "month": "2025-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-3/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.968, "central_musd": 7.9704, "high_musd": 29.52 }, { "family": "Nemotron Nano 2 — 12B base", "organization": "NVIDIA", "first_month": "2025-08", "last_month": "2025-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "NVIDIA-Nemotron-Nano-12B-v2", "date": "2025-08-18", "month": "2025-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/nvidia/NVIDIA-Nemotron-Nano-12B-v2" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "NVIDIA-Nemotron-Nano-12B-v2", "date": "2025-08-18", "month": "2025-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/nvidia/NVIDIA-Nemotron-Nano-12B-v2" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.1817600000000001, "central_musd": 2.65896, "high_musd": 5.9088 }, { "family": "Cosmos 1 / Predict1 — allocation scenario", "organization": "NVIDIA", "first_month": "2025-01", "last_month": "2025-01", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Cosmos-Predict1-7b-Video2World", "date": "2025-01-07", "month": "2025-01", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.03575" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Cosmos-Predict1-14b-Video2World", "date": "2025-01-07", "month": "2025-01", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.03575" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 8.1, "central_musd": 27.0, "high_musd": 64.8 }, { "family": "Cosmos 3 Nano + Super — generator increment", "organization": "NVIDIA", "first_month": "2026-05", "last_month": "2026-05", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2026-05-31", "date": "2026-05-31", "month": "2026-05", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://developer.nvidia.com/drive/downloads" ], "note": "NVIDIA lists May 31, 2026 for Nano and Super." }, { "model_or_date": "@2026-05-31", "date": "2026-05-31", "month": "2026-05", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://developer.nvidia.com/drive/downloads" ], "note": "NVIDIA lists May 31, 2026 for Nano and Super." } ], "low_musd": 4.319616, "central_musd": 9.719136, "high_musd": 43.19616 }, { "family": "Command A — 111B base", "organization": "Cohere", "first_month": "2025-03", "last_month": "2025-03", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Cohere Command A", "date": "2025-03-13", "month": "2025-03", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://cohere.com/blog/command-a", "https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI/c4ai-command-a-03-2025?ref=cohere-ai.ghost.io" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Cohere Command A", "date": "2025-03-13", "month": "2025-03", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://cohere.com/blog/command-a", "https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI/c4ai-command-a-03-2025?ref=cohere-ai.ghost.io" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 21.5784, "high_musd": 79.92 }, { "family": "Command A+ — 25B active base", "organization": "Cohere", "first_month": "2026-05", "last_month": "2026-05", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Command A+", "date": "2026-05-20", "month": "2026-05", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://docs.cohere.com/changelog/command-a-plus-05-2026" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Command A+", "date": "2026-05-20", "month": "2026-05", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://docs.cohere.com/changelog/command-a-plus-05-2026" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 6.75, "high_musd": 24.0 }, { "family": "Grok 2 — 2024 base scenario", "organization": "xAI", "first_month": "2025-08", "last_month": "2025-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-08-23", "date": "2025-08-23", "month": "2025-08", "status": "primary_upload_month_proxy", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/xai-org/grok-2/commits/main" ], "note": "August 2025 weights/upload history; 2024 is the training/API generation, not open release. Commit time alone does not prove public visibility." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-08-23", "date": "2025-08-23", "month": "2025-08", "status": "primary_upload_month_proxy", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/xai-org/grok-2/commits/main" ], "note": "August 2025 weights/upload history; 2024 is the training/API generation, not open release. Commit time alone does not prove public visibility." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 9.763200000000001, "high_musd": 40.68 }, { "family": "A.X K1", "organization": "SK Telecom", "first_month": "2025-12", "last_month": "2025-12", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "A.X K1", "date": "2025-12-30", "month": "2025-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09200", "https://huggingface.co/skt/A.X-K1" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "A.X K1", "date": "2025-12-30", "month": "2025-12", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09200", "https://huggingface.co/skt/A.X-K1" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.584, "central_musd": 6.4152000000000005, "high_musd": 23.76 }, { "family": "A.X K2 — pretraining", "organization": "SK Telecom", "first_month": "2026-07", "last_month": "2026-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "A.X K2", "date": "2026-07-29", "month": "2026-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/skt/A.X-K2", "https://github.com/SKT-AI/A.X-K2/blob/main/A_X_K2_Tech_Report.pdf" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "A.X K2", "date": "2026-07-29", "month": "2026-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/skt/A.X-K2", "https://github.com/SKT-AI/A.X-K2/blob/main/A_X_K2_Tech_Report.pdf" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.29888, "central_musd": 2.9224799999999997, "high_musd": 6.4944 }, { "family": "Qwen 2 — dense 0.5/1.5/7/72B", "organization": "Alibaba", "first_month": "2024-06", "last_month": "2024-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-06-07", "date": "2024-06-07", "month": "2024-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2407.10671v1" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-06-07", "date": "2024-06-07", "month": "2024-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2407.10671v1" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 2.7336, "central_musd": 6.1506, "high_musd": 13.668 }, { "family": "Qwen 2 57B-A14B — upcycling increment", "organization": "Alibaba", "first_month": "2024-06", "last_month": "2024-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-06-07", "date": "2024-06-07", "month": "2024-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2407.10671v1" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-06-07", "date": "2024-06-07", "month": "2024-06", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://arxiv.org/html/2407.10671v1" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 0.3024, "central_musd": 0.6804, "high_musd": 1.512 }, { "family": "GLM 4 32B — April 2025 base", "organization": "Z.ai", "first_month": "2025-04", "last_month": "2025-04", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "GLM-4-32B-0414", "date": "2025-04-14", "month": "2025-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/zai-org/GLM-4-32B-0414" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "GLM-4-32B-0414", "date": "2025-04-14", "month": "2025-04", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://huggingface.co/zai-org/GLM-4-32B-0414" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 2.304, "central_musd": 5.184, "high_musd": 11.52 }, { "family": "Seed-OSS 36B — base", "organization": "ByteDance Seed", "first_month": "2025-08", "last_month": "2025-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Seed-OSS-36B-Base", "date": "2025-08-21", "month": "2025-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://seed.bytedance.com/en/blog/seed-oss-open-source-models-release" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Seed-OSS-36B-Base", "date": "2025-08-21", "month": "2025-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://seed.bytedance.com/en/blog/seed-oss-open-source-models-release" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 2.0736000000000003, "central_musd": 4.6656, "high_musd": 10.368 }, { "family": "Chameleon 7B + 34B — pretraining", "organization": "Meta", "first_month": "2024-06", "last_month": "2024-06", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2024-06-18", "date": "2024-06-18", "month": "2024-06", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://ai.meta.com/resources/models-and-libraries/chameleon-downloads/" ], "note": "Weights release June 18, 2024, not May paper publication." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-06-18", "date": "2024-06-18", "month": "2024-06", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://ai.meta.com/resources/models-and-libraries/chameleon-downloads/" ], "note": "Weights release June 18, 2024, not May paper publication." } ], "low_musd": 5.138888, "central_musd": 10.277776, "high_musd": 15.416664 }, { "family": "Code Llama — released 12-model increment", "organization": "Meta", "first_month": "2023-08", "last_month": "2024-01", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2023-08-24", "date": "2023-08-24", "month": "2023-08", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/CodeLlama-70b-hf" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2024-01-29", "date": "2024-01-29", "month": "2024-01", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/CodeLlama-70b-hf" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 1.4, "central_musd": 2.8, "high_musd": 4.2 }, { "family": "CWM — pretraining + mid-training", "organization": "Meta", "first_month": "2025-09", "last_month": "2025-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-09-24", "date": "2025-09-24", "month": "2025-09", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/cwm-an-open-weights-llm-for-research-on-code-generation-with-world-models" ], "note": "Release announcement September 24, 2025." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-09-24", "date": "2025-09-24", "month": "2025-09", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/cwm-an-open-weights-llm-for-research-on-code-generation-with-world-models" ], "note": "Release announcement September 24, 2025." } ], "low_musd": 1.9968000000000001, "central_musd": 4.4928, "high_musd": 9.984 }, { "family": "Jamba 1.5 Large — base scenario", "organization": "AI21 Labs", "first_month": "2024-08", "last_month": "2024-08", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Jamba 1.5-Large", "date": "2024-08-22", "month": "2024-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.12570", "https://www.ai21.com/blog/announcing-jamba-model-family", "https://huggingface.co/ai21labs/AI21-Jamba-1.5-Large" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Jamba 1.5-Large", "date": "2024-08-22", "month": "2024-08", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.12570", "https://www.ai21.com/blog/announcing-jamba-model-family", "https://huggingface.co/ai21labs/AI21-Jamba-1.5-Large" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 8.121599999999999, "high_musd": 33.84 }, { "family": "Step 3 — base scenario", "organization": "StepFun", "first_month": "2025-07", "last_month": "2025-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2025-07-01", "date": "2025-07-01", "month": "2025-07", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/stepfun-ai/step3" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." }, { "model_or_date": "@2025-07-31", "date": "2025-07-31", "month": "2025-07", "status": "working_month_unverified", "sources": [ "https://huggingface.co/stepfun-ai/step3" ], "note": "Curated working month for the budgeted release; open-weight availability still requires independent verification." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 7.3872, "high_musd": 27.36 }, { "family": "Step 3.5 Flash — base scenario", "organization": "StepFun", "first_month": "2026-02", "last_month": "2026-02", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Step 3.5 Flash", "date": "2026-02-02", "month": "2026-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://static.stepfun.com/blog/step-3.5-flash/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Step 3.5 Flash", "date": "2026-02-02", "month": "2026-02", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://static.stepfun.com/blog/step-3.5-flash/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 2.9699999999999998, "high_musd": 10.56 }, { "family": "OLMo 3 — 7B + 32B pretraining", "organization": "Ai2", "first_month": "2025-11", "last_month": "2025-11", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Olmo 3", "date": "2025-11-20", "month": "2025-11", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13961" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Olmo 3", "date": "2025-11-20", "month": "2025-11", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13961" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 1.0440479999999999, "central_musd": 2.3491079999999998, "high_musd": 5.2202399999999995 }, { "family": "Mistral Small 4 — base scenario", "organization": "Mistral AI", "first_month": "2026-03", "last_month": "2026-03", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Mistral Small 4", "date": "2026-03-16", "month": "2026-03", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-small-4/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Mistral Small 4", "date": "2026-03-16", "month": "2026-03", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-small-4/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 1.755, "high_musd": 6.24 }, { "family": "Mistral Small 3 — 24B base scenario", "organization": "Mistral AI", "first_month": "2025-01", "last_month": "2025-01", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Mistral Small 3", "date": "2025-01-30", "month": "2025-01", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-small-3/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Mistral Small 3", "date": "2025-01-30", "month": "2025-01", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-small-3/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 4.6656, "high_musd": 17.28 }, { "family": "Mistral NeMo — 12B joint base", "organization": "Mistral AI", "first_month": "2024-07", "last_month": "2024-07", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Mistral NeMo", "date": "2024-07-18", "month": "2024-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-nemo/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Mistral NeMo", "date": "2024-07-18", "month": "2024-07", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/mistral-nemo/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0.2304, "central_musd": 1.0368, "high_musd": 4.32 }, { "family": "Mistral 7B — original base", "organization": "Mistral AI", "first_month": "2023-09", "last_month": "2023-09", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "@2023-09-27", "date": "2023-09-27", "month": "2023-09", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://mistral.ai/news/announcing-mistral-7b/" ], "note": "Release September 27, 2023, not October paper date." }, { "model_or_date": "@2023-09-27", "date": "2023-09-27", "month": "2023-09", "status": "primary_release_month", "sources": [ "https://mistral.ai/news/announcing-mistral-7b/" ], "note": "Release September 27, 2023, not October paper date." } ], "low_musd": 0.05184000000000001, "central_musd": 0.1944, "high_musd": 0.6912 }, { "family": "Codestral 22B — one base scenario", "organization": "Mistral AI", "first_month": "2024-05", "last_month": "2024-05", "endpoints": [ { "model_or_date": "Codestral", "date": "2024-05-29", "month": "2024-05", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/codestral/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." }, { "model_or_date": "Codestral", "date": "2024-05-29", "month": "2024-05", "status": "epoch_publication_proxy", "sources": [ "https://epoch.ai/data/notable-ai-models", "https://mistral.ai/news/codestral/" ], "note": "Exact named Epoch row; Publication date is a secondary proxy, not independently verified weight availability." } ], "low_musd": 0, "central_musd": 1.9180799999999998, "high_musd": 7.991999999999999 } ]